WO2012003603A1 - Heat exchanger having fully-closed flow passage and continuous-type spiral baffle - Google Patents
Heat exchanger having fully-closed flow passage and continuous-type spiral baffle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012003603A1 WO2012003603A1 PCT/CN2010/001023 CN2010001023W WO2012003603A1 WO 2012003603 A1 WO2012003603 A1 WO 2012003603A1 CN 2010001023 W CN2010001023 W CN 2010001023W WO 2012003603 A1 WO2012003603 A1 WO 2012003603A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- baffle
- heat exchanger
- spiral
- tube
- coupling plate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/24—Arrangements for promoting turbulent flow of heat-exchange media, e.g. by plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
- F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
- F28F2009/228—Oblique partitions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
- F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
- F28F9/0131—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by plates
Definitions
- the invention relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger used in oil refining, chemical, electric power, metallurgy, light industry, medicine, food and other industries, in particular to a fully enclosed flow channel continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger Device. Background technique
- the industrialized spiral baffle heat exchangers that are popular in the world are first proposed by the former Czechoslovak National Institute of Chemical Equipment scientists Jay Luca and Jennimkensky in the early 1990s.
- the characteristic is that the flow of the shell-side medium is in the form of a spiral plow, and the basic shape of the baffle is a fan shape, each baffle forms a certain angle with the axis of the casing, and the adjacent baffles are connected end to end.
- a continuous spiral similar to the outer circumference, thereby changing the flow state of the shell-side fluid to improve the heat transfer efficiency, and relatively reducing the damage caused by the tube bundle due to vibration, thereby improving the service life of the heat exchanger.
- the application results show that the use of a spiral baffle structure for the shell side has the advantage of reducing the pressure drop of the shell side fluid compared to the vertical bow baffle structure.
- the experimental results show that for the compressed air as the working medium, under the same Reynolds number Re, the outer tube heat transfer coefficient of the smooth tube spiral baffle heat exchanger is a smooth tube bow-shaped separator heat exchanger 1. 25-1 8 ⁇ , The heat transfer coefficient of the spiral baffle heat exchanger can be up to 1.39 times of the arcuate baffle heat exchanger, and the pressure drop can be reduced by about 26% -60% depending on the helix angle.
- the heat exchanger of the spiral baffle support structure has anti-scaling characteristics, and is suitable for enhanced heat transfer of easily fouling and high-viscosity media such as crude oil and residual oil, but specific to each heat exchanger, its heat transfer efficiency is further There are different.
- the fan-shaped baffles are placed end to end in a certain angle with the shell axis, and the straight edges of the adjacent two baffles are staggered at the top to reveal a very obvious gap, resulting in a very obvious gap.
- the shell-side medium forms a short-circuit leakage between the two baffles.
- the actual test proves that if the heat exchanger has a diameter of more than 1000 mm or the heat exchange area exceeds 2000 square meters, the heat transfer characteristics may not be as good as the bow baffle structure.
- the structural characteristics of the continuous spiral baffle heat exchanger are:
- the baffle is similar to the common ⁇ dragon that transports the solid phase medium, and its shape can be a full spiral surface propelled from the inlet of the casing to the outlet, so that the medium is made in the casing.
- a central tube is needed as an auxiliary structure to compensate for the heat transfer loss, thereby deriving a variety of double helix or double shell structure, but
- Such spiral baffle heat exchangers are generally fixed by fixing the baffles to the central pipe or directly to the central pipe.
- the domestic manufacturing industry generally believes that the difficulty in the promotion of spiral baffle heat exchangers is to solve the manufacturing problem, because the existing non-continuous spiral baffle structure uses the distance tube positioning to fix the heat transfer tubes, but this situation is difficult to manufacture. It is often larger than the ordinary bow baffle structure.
- the existing continuation type spiral baffle structure is more difficult to manufacture because it is fixed on the center tube. If the processing of the spiral baffle heat exchanger is established on the numerical control machine tool and the special tool, the product is popularized and applied. The effect is even worse.
- the vibration induced by the medium fluid in the working state causes the heat exchanger tube to vibrate.
- the vibration damage of the vertical bow baffle tube-and-tube heat exchanger is an important problem affecting the long-term operation of the heat exchanger. The situation has to stop using, and even replace the new equipment, increasing the production cost of the enterprise.
- the utility model patent entitled “Assembled Continuous Type Spiral Baffle Heat Exchanger” discloses "a type of assembled continuous spiral baffle heat exchanger, which consists of a main structure, a baffle, The coupling plate and the heat transfer tube are characterized in that: the baffle plate has a fan shape, and one straight side is connected with the joint plate at an angle of 90°, and the other straight side of the same circular cross section is shaped as a fan-shaped baffle. It is connected with the connecting plate of the adjacent baffle to form a sealed spiral passage that advances from the inlet of the shell.”; However, the utility model patent "the straight side of one side is connected with the joint plate at an angle of 90°" in actual production.
- the utility model patent proposes that "the baffle is at an angle to the axis of the casing", and the actual implementation proves that: the angle between the baffle and the axis of the casing is only In the range of "8° ⁇ 35°", the heat transfer efficiency is the most significant; in addition, the joint plate in the utility model patent is actually a non-independent approximate isosceles triangle, but is partially shaped by a nearly right triangle. Composition, manufacturing of great difficulty, is not conducive to extensive promotion. Summary of the invention
- the object of the present invention is to provide a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger according to the above drawbacks of the prior art; the heat exchange device is advantageous for reducing vibration, easy to manufacture, and favorable for The product is further enlarged and promoted and applied.
- the invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, comprising a baffle plate, a coupling plate, a heat transfer tube, a casing, a tube plate at both ends of the casing, and inlet and outlet pipes,
- the baffles are fan-shaped, in a spiral stroke, two or more baffles continuously form a circular cross section, wherein each baffle is connected with an adjacent baffle by a connecting plate, the baffle Forming a helix angle greater than zero and less than 90° with the coupling plate; in the casing, a plurality of baffles form a complete circular section within a helical stroke, ie, become a spiral waveform group, and several spiral waveform groups Connection by the coupling plate: a sealing spiral passage formed from the inlet of the shell to the outlet and formed together with the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the heat transfer tube.
- the invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein the joint plate has an approximately isosceles triangle shape, and a bottom edge thereof is connected with a baffle plate adjacent to a lower stroke of the joint plate, and the joint plate is additionally Stroke on both sides and on the adjacent plate
- the baffles are connected; the size of the coupling plate and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate except the bottom edge are formed by the baffle angle of the approximate spiral ⁇ , that is, the length and the radius of the circle being stretched by the center of the circle
- the triangle area is ok.
- the present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, the baffle plate and the housing axis
- a helix angle of 8° to 35° is 8° to 8.
- the present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, the baffle plate is provided with a through hole for a heat transfer tube to pass therethrough, and the heat transfer tube passes through the baffle
- the through holes are vertically fixed to the tube sheets at both ends of the housing.
- the invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein one heat transfer tube of N*2 in the heat exchanger passes through a through hole and two tubes on the baffle The board is fixed vertically.
- the fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger provided by the invention has N*2 times the number N of the spiral path of the shell side of the heat exchanger in the same circular cross section.
- the present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger. After the heat transfer tube passes through the baffles of the same quadrant, the joint plate and the joint plate are sequentially connected to form a bundle group, and the bundles of the quadrants The group forms a sealed spiral passage that advances from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection panel.
- the present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein the number of the tube bundle groups is N*2 times the number N of the shell side spiral passages of the heat exchanger.
- the invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein the inlet and outlet pipes are disposed at one end of the heat exchanger or on both sides of one of the tube plates at both ends of the casing.
- the invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein the baffle plate and the joint plate are made of a metal material.
- the inner wall of the casing, the baffle plate, the coupling plate and the outer wall of the heat transfer tube together form a sealing spiral passage;
- the connection of the baffle plate and the coupling plate can advertise the manner of welding, and can also pass other connection modes having the same effect as welding;
- the technical materials used for the baffles and the joint plates may be copper or stainless steel.
- the baffle plate is connected with the coupling plate and the design of the screw angle between the baffle plate and the coupling plate is less than 90°, which not only makes the fixing between the baffles and the baffle plate and the heat transfer tube more stable, but also enhances
- the feasibility of the overall heat exchanger processing greatly reduces the difficulty in actual manufacturing; in addition, the joint plate is approximately isosceles triangle: not only blocks the leakage phenomenon of the triangle; but the introduction of the coupling plate makes the flow to the shell
- the substance exerts a thrust effect, so that a true spiral flow can be formed inside the shell-side, which can effectively improve the heat transfer performance per unit pressure drop, and the joint plate is approximately isosceles triangle instead of adopting a separate right-angled triangle stitching manner, so that the spiral
- the manufacture of baffle heat exchangers has become much easier.
- the present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger without using a central tube
- the way that is, the space in the casing is saved, the capacity of the material to be heat exchange is increased, and the spiral angle of the baffle plate and the coupling plate is opened, so that a true spiral flow path appears in the heat exchange process, and the spiral
- the full closure of the flow channel greatly increases the flow velocity of the medium, and the Reynolds number is also increased from the perspective of heat transfer calculation, and the convective heat transfer coefficient ⁇ can also be greatly improved, thereby greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency.
- the heat exchanger provided by the invention can also pre-constitute the tube bundle group when necessary, and the pre-assembled four (six, eight%) triangular tube bundles can be prepared according to the number of housing steps required by the product during the tube-passing process of the heat transfer tube. Groups, connected by corresponding joint plates and then guided by tube sheets or other process equipment for overall assembly, can greatly shorten the assembly and reduce the manufacturing cost.
- the present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger having the following advantages:
- the medium flow in the spiral channel at high speed is beneficial to wash away particles and sediments in the shell process, which significantly reduces the thermal resistance of the dirt, because the thermal resistance of the dirt accounts for 50%-70% of the total thermal resistance, effectively helping to improve Heat exchange efficiency;
- the baffle plate is connected as a whole structure, which completely solves the problem of tube bundle vibration damage: Due to the flow state of the spiral baffle heat exchanger shell medium, a large vortex flow is formed in the casing, and the physical characteristics of the vortex are vortex. The flow velocity at the center is much larger than the edge portion; the principle that the heat transfer effect of the central portion of a spiral baffle heat exchanger is better than that of other parts is also here. The large flow velocity at the center portion means that the vibration damage is the most dangerous point.
- the triangular baffle between the fan-shaped baffles in the high-efficiency closed continuous spiral baffle heat exchanger happens to form this much-needed reinforcement, which forms an ultra-stable structure, further strengthening the anti-vibration of the heat exchanger tube bundle.
- the triangular joint plate passing through the central axis is supported by 90° cross-section. Since the joint plate and the baffle are respectively triangular and fan-shaped planar structures, the two sides of the spiral baffle and the joint plate are The three side connections are more stable and easy to machine and assemble.
- the heat transfer efficiency can be increased by 30%-180%. 6.
- the omission of the center tube reduces the manufacturing cost accordingly.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a fully enclosed flow path continuous type centerless tube spiral baffle heat exchanger.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between a fully enclosed flow path continuous type centerless tube spiral baffle and a connecting plate provided by the present invention.
- baffle In the figure: 1, baffle; 2, the joint plate; 3, heat transfer tube; 4, the shell; 5, the tube plate at both ends of the shell; 6, the inlet and outlet tubes.
- This embodiment is a two-way spiral channel fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, from baffle 1, coupling plate 2, heat transfer tube 3 a casing 4, a tube plate 5 at both ends of the casing, and an inlet and outlet pipe 6 at one end of the casing 4, wherein the upper portion is an inlet pipe and the lower portion is an outlet pipe: material enters from the inlet pipe, in the shell After heat exchange in the process, it flows out from the outlet pipe.
- the baffle 1 is made of ordinary carbon steel, and the baffle 1 has a quarter-circle shape.
- the four baffles 1 continuously form a circular section, wherein each baffle 1 and phase
- the adjacent baffles 1 are connected by a joint plate 2, that is, the joint plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle, and the bottom edge thereof is connected with the baffle 1 immediately below the joint plate 2, and the other two sides of the joint plate 2 are adjacent to the joint plate 2
- the upper baffles 1 are connected, and the baffle 1 and the coupling plate 2 form a 70° helical angle; the size of the coupling plate 2 and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate 2 except the bottom edge are
- the baffle 1 is defined by a chamfer angle of the approximate spiral ⁇ , that is, a triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
- the coupling plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape and the connection relationship between the coupling plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 so that after the substance enters the casing, the thrust of the coupling plate 2 will flow forward in the direction of the spiral flow, thereby avoiding leakage. Phenomenon, and improved heat exchange performance, improved heat transfer efficiency;
- the occurrence of the joint plate 2 combined with the heat transfer tube 3 through the through hole in the baffle 1, so that the integral baffle 1 in the heat exchanger shell
- the fixing in the body 4 is more firm and reduces the vibration loss of the device, prolonging the service life, and the coupling plate 2 is a separate approximate isosceles triangle which is easier to manufacture by splicing in a right triangle.
- Each baffle 1 has an 8° helix angle with the axis of the housing 4, and a plurality of baffles 1 advance from the inlet of the shell to the outlet. That is, the splicing of the approximate spiral surface is formed.
- the relationship between the number of baffles 1 on the same circular cross section and the number N of heat exchanger shell paths is N*2, and the number of baffles of the single pass heat exchanger is usually four.
- a through hole for the passage of the heat transfer tube 3 is disposed on the spiral baffle 1, and the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the through hole on the spiral baffle 1 and is vertically fixed to the two tube sheets 5 at both ends of the heat exchanger, and heat transfer is performed.
- the connecting plates 2 are sequentially connected to form a tube bundle group, and the tube bundle groups of the respective quadrants form a sealing spiral propelled from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection group plate.
- the channel is assembled into a spiral baffle heat exchanger with a fully enclosed spiral flow path under the guidance of the tube head 5 and the tube ends at both ends of the heat exchanger and other process equipment.
- the heat exchanger of the embodiment does not have a center tube, and the baffle plate 1 and the heat transfer tube 3 are connected and fixed, the distance tube structure is not required, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and is an industrial promotion belt. It is very convenient.
- the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger of the present embodiment is 30% higher than that of the conventional bow baffle heat exchanger, and has better economic and social benefits of energy saving and emission reduction.
- this embodiment is a three-pass spiral channel fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, which is assembled by six tube bundle groups.
- the material enters from the inlet pipe and flows out of the outlet pipe after heat exchange in the shell process.
- the baffle 1 is made of stainless steel, and the baffle 1 has a one-sixth circular sector.
- baffles 1 continuously form a circular section, wherein each baffle 1 and adjacent folds
- the flow plates 1 are connected by a joint plate 1, that is, the joint plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape, and the bottom edge thereof is connected to the baffle plate 1 immediately below the joint plate 2, and the other two sides of the joint plate 2 are adjacent to the joint plate 2
- the baffles 1 are connected, and the baffle 1 and the coupling plate 2 form a 40° helical angle; the size of the coupling plate 2 and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate 2 except the bottom edge are baffles
- the plate 1 is determined by the angle of rotation of the approximate spiral ⁇ , that is, the triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
- the coupling plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape and the connection relationship between the coupling plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 so that after the substance enters the casing, the thrust of the coupling plate 2 will flow forward in the direction of the spiral flow, thereby avoiding leakage.
- Phenomenon and greatly reduce the phenomenon of fouling or short circuit of some materials in the baffle 1 near the casing 4, effectively improve the heat exchange performance, improve the heat transfer efficiency;
- the tube 3 passes through the through hole in the baffle 1, so that the fixing of the integral baffle 1 in the heat exchanger housing 4 is more firm and the vibration loss of the device is reduced, and the service life is prolonged, and the coupling plate 2 is an independent approximation. Isosceles triangles are easier to machine than by splicing with right triangles.
- Each baffle 1 and the axis of the casing 4 have a helix angle of 35°, and a plurality of baffles 1 are advanced from the inlet of the shell to the outlet, that is, a splicing of an approximately spiral surface is formed, and the baffles 1 of the same circular cross section are formed.
- the relationship between the number of tubes and the number of shell paths of the heat exchanger is N*2, and the number of baffles of the single-pass heat exchanger is usually four.
- a through hole for the passage of the heat transfer tube 3 is provided on the spiral baffle 1
- the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the through hole on the spiral baffle 1 and is vertically fixed to the two tube sheets 5 at both ends of the heat exchanger, and the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the same quadrant of the turret 1 and the joint plate 2 Connected to form a tube bundle group in turn, the tube bundle group of each quadrant forms a sealed spiral passage from the shell inlet to the outlet through the baffle connection group plate; the tube head and other processes at the tube plate 5 and the heat exchanger Under the guidance of the equipment, it is assembled into a spiral baffle heat exchanger with a fully enclosed spiral flow path.
- the heat exchanger of the embodiment does not have a center tube, and the baffle plate 1 and the heat transfer tube 3 are connected and fixed, the distance tube structure is not required, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and is an industrial promotion belt. It is very convenient.
- the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger of the present embodiment is improved by 180% compared with the conventional bow baffle heat exchanger, and has good economic and social benefits of energy saving and emission reduction.
- This embodiment is a two-way spiral channel fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, from baffle 1, coupling plate 2, heat transfer tube 3
- the casing 4 the tube plate 5 at both ends of the casing, and the inlet and outlet pipes 6 at one end of the casing, wherein the upper part is the inlet pipe and the lower part is the outlet pipe: the material enters from the inlet pipe, and is changed in the shell process. After the heat, it flows out from the outlet pipe.
- the baffle 1 is made of stainless steel, and the baffle 1 has a one-sixth circular sector.
- the four baffles 1 continuously form a circular cross section, wherein each baffle 1 and adjacent folds
- the flow plates 1 are connected by a joint plate 2, that is, the joint plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape, and the bottom edge thereof is connected to the baffle 1 immediately below the joint plate 2, and the other two sides of the joint plate 2 are adjacent to the joint plate 2
- the baffles 1 are connected, and the baffle 1 forms a 70° angle with the coupling plate 2; the size of the coupling plate 2 and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate 2 except the bottom edge are baffles
- the plate 1 is determined by the angle of rotation of the approximate spiral ⁇ , that is, the triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
- the coupling plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape and the connection relationship between the coupling plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 so that after the substance enters the casing, the thrust of the coupling plate 2 will flow forward in the direction of the spiral flow, thereby avoiding leakage. Phenomenon, and improved heat exchange performance, improved heat transfer efficiency;
- the occurrence of the joint plate 2, combined with the heat transfer tube 3 through the through hole in the baffle 1, so that the integral baffle 1 in the heat exchanger shell The fixing in the body 4 is more robust and reduces the vibration loss of the device, prolonging the service life, and the coupling plate is independent of the approximate isosceles triangle ratio and is easier to manufacture by splicing in a right triangle.
- Each baffle 1 has a 10° helix angle with the axis of the casing 4, and a plurality of baffles 1 are advanced from the inlet of the shell to the outlet, that is, a splicing of an approximately spiral surface is formed, and the baffles 1 of the same circular cross section are formed.
- the relationship between the number of tubes and the number of shell paths of the heat exchanger is N*2, and the number of baffles of the single-pass heat exchanger is usually four.
- a through hole for the passage of the heat transfer tube 3 is disposed on the spiral baffle 1, and the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the through hole on the spiral baffle 1 and is vertically fixed to the two tube sheets 5 at both ends of the heat exchanger, and heat transfer is performed.
- the connecting plates 2 are sequentially connected to form a tube bundle group, and the tube bundle groups of the respective quadrants form a sealing spiral propelled from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection group plate.
- the channel is assembled into a spiral baffle heat exchanger with a fully enclosed spiral flow path under the guidance of the tube head 5 and the tube ends at both ends of the heat exchanger and other process equipment.
- the heat exchanger of the embodiment does not have a center tube, and the baffle plate 1 and the heat transfer tube 3 are connected and fixed, the distance tube structure is not required, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and is an industrial promotion belt. It is very convenient.
- the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger of the present embodiment is improved by 150% compared with the conventional bow baffle heat exchanger, and has good economic and social benefits of energy saving and emission reduction.
- the present embodiment is a three-way spiral channel fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, which is assembled by 8 tube bundle groups.
- the material enters from the inlet pipe and flows out of the outlet pipe after heat exchange in the shell process.
- the baffle 1 is made of ordinary carbon steel, and the baffle 1 has a one-sixth circular sector.
- baffles 1 continuously form a circular cross section, wherein each baffle 1 and phase
- the adjacent baffles 1 are connected by a joint plate 2, that is, the joint plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle, and the bottom edge thereof is connected with the baffle 1 immediately below the joint plate 2, and the other two sides of the joint plate 2 are adjacent to the joint plate 2
- the upper baffles 1 are connected, and the baffle 1 and the coupling plate 2 form a 20° helical angle; the size of the coupling plate 2 and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate 2 except the bottom edge are
- the baffle 1 is defined by a chamfer angle of the approximate spiral ⁇ , that is, a triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
- the coupling plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape and the connection relationship between the coupling plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 so that after the material enters the casing, the thrust of the coupling plate 2 will flow forward in the direction of the spiral flow, thereby avoiding leakage.
- Phenomenon and greatly reduce the phenomenon of fouling or short circuit of some materials in the baffle 1 near the casing 4, effectively improve the heat exchange performance, improve the heat transfer efficiency;
- the tube 3 passes through the through hole in the baffle 1, so that the fixing of the integral baffle 1 in the heat exchanger housing 4 is more firm and the vibration loss of the device is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and the joint plate is an independent approximation or the like.
- the waist triangle is easier to machine than by splicing in a right triangle.
- Each baffle 1 has a 20° helix angle with the axis of the housing 4, and a plurality of baffles 1 are advanced from the inlet of the shell to the outlet, forming a splicing of approximately spiral faces, and baffles 1 of the same circular cross section.
- the relationship between the number of tubes and the number of shell paths of the heat exchanger is N*2, and the number of baffles of the single-pass heat exchanger is usually four.
- a through hole for the passage of the heat transfer tube 3 is disposed on the spiral baffle 1, and the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the through hole on the spiral baffle 1 and is vertically fixed to the two tube sheets 5 at both ends of the heat exchanger, and heat transfer is performed.
- the connecting plates 2 are sequentially connected to form a tube bundle group, and the tube bundle groups of the respective quadrants form a sealing spiral propelled from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection group plate.
- the channel is assembled into a spiral baffle heat exchanger with a fully enclosed spiral flow path under the guidance of the tube head 5 and the tube ends at both ends of the heat exchanger and other process equipment.
- the heat exchanger of the embodiment does not have a center tube, and the baffle plate 1 and the heat transfer tube 3 are connected and fixed, the distance tube structure is not required, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and is an industrial promotion belt. It is very convenient.
- the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger of the present embodiment is improved by 120% compared with the conventional bow baffle heat exchanger, and has good economic and social benefits of energy saving and emission reduction.
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Abstract
A heat exchanger having fully-closed flow passage and continuous-type spiral baffle includes a baffle (1), a connecting plate (2), a heat transfer tube (3), a shell (4), tube plates (5) positioned at two ends of the shell respectively and an inlet and outlet tube (6). The baffle (1) has a sector shape. Two or more baffles (1) continue and constitute a circular section in one spiral stroke, wherein each baffle is connected to the adjacent baffle by the connecting plate (2). A spiral angle between the baffle (1) and the connecting plate (2) is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degree. The heat exchanger has characteristics of low vibration, easy manufacturing and so on.
Description
全封闭流道连续型螺旋折流板换热器 技术领域 Fully enclosed flow path continuous spiral baffle heat exchanger
本发明涉及炼油、 化工、 电力、 冶金、 轻工、 医药、 食品等行业使用的管壳式换热器, 具体地讲, 涉及一种全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器。 背景技术 The invention relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger used in oil refining, chemical, electric power, metallurgy, light industry, medicine, food and other industries, in particular to a fully enclosed flow channel continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger Device. Background technique
当今世界上流行的已经工业化的螺旋折流板换热器, 是上世纪九十年代初由前捷克斯洛 伐克国家化工设备研究所科学家杰.卢卡和杰尼姆肯斯基等人首次提出的,其特点是壳程介质 的流动呈螺旋线犁方式, 折流板的基本形状为扇形, 每块折流板与壳体轴线形成一定的夹角, 相邻的折流板在周边首尾相接构成一个沿外圆周连续的类似螺旋线, 从而起到改变壳程流体 的流动状态达到提高传热效率的目的, 并相对降低了管束因振动而产生的损伤, 提高了换热 器的使用寿命。 应用结果表明, 壳程采用螺旋折流板结构较采用垂直弓形折流板结构确实具 有减少壳程流体压力降的优势。 实验研究证明, 对于以压缩空气为工质, 在相同的雷诺数 Re 下, 光滑管螺旋隔板换热器的管外膜传热系数是光滑管弓形隔板换热器的 1. 25-1. 8倍, 螺 旋隔板换热器的传热系数最大可以为弓形隔板换热器的 1. 39倍, 压降随着螺旋角的不同大 约可降低 26% -60%。 螺旋隔板支撑结构的换热器具有防垢特性, 适用于易结垢、 高黏度的介 质如原油、 渣油等的强化传热, 但具体到每个换热器, 其传热效率又各有不同。 The industrialized spiral baffle heat exchangers that are popular in the world are first proposed by the former Czechoslovak National Institute of Chemical Equipment scientists Jay Luca and Jennimkensky in the early 1990s. The characteristic is that the flow of the shell-side medium is in the form of a spiral plow, and the basic shape of the baffle is a fan shape, each baffle forms a certain angle with the axis of the casing, and the adjacent baffles are connected end to end. A continuous spiral similar to the outer circumference, thereby changing the flow state of the shell-side fluid to improve the heat transfer efficiency, and relatively reducing the damage caused by the tube bundle due to vibration, thereby improving the service life of the heat exchanger. The application results show that the use of a spiral baffle structure for the shell side has the advantage of reducing the pressure drop of the shell side fluid compared to the vertical bow baffle structure. The experimental results show that for the compressed air as the working medium, under the same Reynolds number Re, the outer tube heat transfer coefficient of the smooth tube spiral baffle heat exchanger is a smooth tube bow-shaped separator heat exchanger 1. 25-1 8倍, The heat transfer coefficient of the spiral baffle heat exchanger can be up to 1.39 times of the arcuate baffle heat exchanger, and the pressure drop can be reduced by about 26% -60% depending on the helix angle. The heat exchanger of the spiral baffle support structure has anti-scaling characteristics, and is suitable for enhanced heat transfer of easily fouling and high-viscosity media such as crude oil and residual oil, but specific to each heat exchanger, its heat transfer efficiency is further There are different.
目前国内已经申报过的螺旋折流板列管式换热器有关专利已达 30多项,大体上分成非连 续型螺旋折流板结构和连续型螺旋折流板结构两大类。 非连续型螺旋折流板换热器的结构特 点是: 由 2— 4块四分之一壳横截面的扇形截面折流板搭建成一个近似螺旋面, 间断状地自壳 程进口处向出口处推进, 实验表明这种形式的换热器螺旋折流板可以使壳侧流体呈近似螺旋 流动, 单位压降换热能力相对弓型折流板有所提高。 但也正是由于扇形折流板是按与壳程轴 线的一定角度首尾相接依次摆放的, 相邻两块折流板的直边在顶部交错对接后露出了一个非 常明显的缝隙, 致使壳程介质在两块折流板间形成短路漏流, 实测证明如果换热器直径超过 1000mm或者换热面积超过 2000平方米, 其换热特性可能还不及采用弓型折流板结构。 连续 型螺旋折流板换热器的结构特点是: 折流板类似于常见的输送固相介质的蛟龙, 其形状可以 是自壳体进口向出口推进的完全螺旋面, 使介质在壳体内做到相对连续平稳旋转流动, 但折 流板不能覆盖壳程的壳体中心区域, 需要采取一个中心管作为辅助结构来弥补换热损失, 由 此派生出多种双螺旋或者双壳程结构, 但这类螺旋折流板换热器一般通过将折流板固定在中 心管或直接套在中心管上, 而实际的生产中由于传热管可能会有上千条, 因此中心管的出现
不仅挤占了传热管的空间, 且在生产加工上制造十分复杂而且有很大难度, 给产品的进一步 大型化和推广应用带来困难, 也会相应降低换热器的传热效率。 At present, there are more than 30 patents related to spiral baffle tube-and-tube heat exchangers that have been declared in China, which are generally divided into two types: non-continuous spiral baffle structure and continuous spiral baffle structure. The structural characteristics of the discontinuous spiral baffle heat exchanger are as follows: A fan-shaped baffle of 2-4 quarter-shell cross-section is used to form an approximate spiral surface, intermittently from the shell inlet to the outlet. At the point of advancement, experiments have shown that this type of heat exchanger spiral baffle can make the shell side fluid flow in an approximate spiral, and the heat transfer capacity per unit pressure drop is improved relative to the bow baffle. However, it is precisely because the fan-shaped baffles are placed end to end in a certain angle with the shell axis, and the straight edges of the adjacent two baffles are staggered at the top to reveal a very obvious gap, resulting in a very obvious gap. The shell-side medium forms a short-circuit leakage between the two baffles. The actual test proves that if the heat exchanger has a diameter of more than 1000 mm or the heat exchange area exceeds 2000 square meters, the heat transfer characteristics may not be as good as the bow baffle structure. The structural characteristics of the continuous spiral baffle heat exchanger are: The baffle is similar to the common 蛟 dragon that transports the solid phase medium, and its shape can be a full spiral surface propelled from the inlet of the casing to the outlet, so that the medium is made in the casing. To a relatively continuous smooth rotating flow, but the baffle can not cover the shell center area of the shell, a central tube is needed as an auxiliary structure to compensate for the heat transfer loss, thereby deriving a variety of double helix or double shell structure, but Such spiral baffle heat exchangers are generally fixed by fixing the baffles to the central pipe or directly to the central pipe. However, in actual production, there may be thousands of heat transfer pipes, so the appearance of the central pipe It not only squeezes the space of the heat transfer tube, but also is very complicated and difficult to manufacture in production and processing, which brings difficulties to further enlargement and popularization of the product, and also reduces the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger.
国内制造业界普遍认为, 螺旋折流板换热器的推广难度在于解决制造问题, 因为现有的 非连续型螺旋折流板结构采用定距管定位来固定传热管, 但这种情况制造难度往往大于普通 弓型折流板结构。 现有的续型螺旋折流板结构因为要固定在中心管上, 制造难度就更大, 如 果再将螺旋折流板换热器的加工建立在数控机床和特种刀具上, 则产品的推广应用效果更 差。 另外, 工作状态下介质流体诱导振动导致换热器管子产生振动, 垂直弓形折流板列管式 换热器的振动损伤是影响换热器长周期运行的一个重要问题, 很多设备因为出现这种情况而 不得不停止使用, 甚至更换新的设备, 增加了企业的生产成本。 The domestic manufacturing industry generally believes that the difficulty in the promotion of spiral baffle heat exchangers is to solve the manufacturing problem, because the existing non-continuous spiral baffle structure uses the distance tube positioning to fix the heat transfer tubes, but this situation is difficult to manufacture. It is often larger than the ordinary bow baffle structure. The existing continuation type spiral baffle structure is more difficult to manufacture because it is fixed on the center tube. If the processing of the spiral baffle heat exchanger is established on the numerical control machine tool and the special tool, the product is popularized and applied. The effect is even worse. In addition, the vibration induced by the medium fluid in the working state causes the heat exchanger tube to vibrate. The vibration damage of the vertical bow baffle tube-and-tube heat exchanger is an important problem affecting the long-term operation of the heat exchanger. The situation has to stop using, and even replace the new equipment, increasing the production cost of the enterprise.
专利号 ZL 200820117711. 7名称为 "拼装式连续型螺旋折流板换热器"的实用新型专利 公开了 "一种拼装式连续型螺旋折流板换热器, 由主体结构、 折流板、 联结板、 传热管组成, 其特征在于: 所述的折流板呈扇形, 其一侧直边与联结板成 90° 角连接, 将同一园截面上形 状为扇形折流板的另一直边与相邻的折流板的联结板连接, 形成自壳程进口处推进的密封螺 旋通道。"; 但该实用新型专利的 "一侧直边与联结板成 90° 角连接 "在实际的生产过程中难 度很大, 不易控制, 另外, 该实用新型专利提出 "折流板与壳体的轴线呈一定角度", 而实际 的实施中证明: 折流板与壳体的轴线所成角度只有在 " 8° 〜35° "范围内, 其传热效率才是 最显著的; 另外, 该实用新型专利中的联结板实际中为非独立的近似等腰三角形, 而是通过 部分近似直角三角形拼接构成, 生产制造中的难度很大, 不利于广泛推广。 发明内容 Patent No. ZL 200820117711. 7 The utility model patent entitled "Assembled Continuous Type Spiral Baffle Heat Exchanger" discloses "a type of assembled continuous spiral baffle heat exchanger, which consists of a main structure, a baffle, The coupling plate and the heat transfer tube are characterized in that: the baffle plate has a fan shape, and one straight side is connected with the joint plate at an angle of 90°, and the other straight side of the same circular cross section is shaped as a fan-shaped baffle. It is connected with the connecting plate of the adjacent baffle to form a sealed spiral passage that advances from the inlet of the shell."; However, the utility model patent "the straight side of one side is connected with the joint plate at an angle of 90°" in actual production. The process is very difficult and difficult to control. In addition, the utility model patent proposes that "the baffle is at an angle to the axis of the casing", and the actual implementation proves that: the angle between the baffle and the axis of the casing is only In the range of "8°~35°", the heat transfer efficiency is the most significant; in addition, the joint plate in the utility model patent is actually a non-independent approximate isosceles triangle, but is partially shaped by a nearly right triangle. Composition, manufacturing of great difficulty, is not conducive to extensive promotion. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于, 针对现有技术存在的上述缺陷, 提供的一种全封闭流道连续型无中 心管螺旋折流板换热器; 该换热器具有利于减少振动、 容易制造、 且利于产品的进一步大型 化和推广应用等特点。 The object of the present invention is to provide a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger according to the above drawbacks of the prior art; the heat exchange device is advantageous for reducing vibration, easy to manufacture, and favorable for The product is further enlarged and promoted and applied.
本发明提供的一种全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 包括折流板、联结板、 传热管、 壳体、 壳体两端的管板和进、 出口管, 其中所述折流板呈扇形, 在一个螺旋行程内, 两块以上的折流板连续组成一个圆截面, 其中每块折流板与相邻折流板之间用联结板连接, 折流板与联结板之间形成大于零而小于 90° 的螺旋夹角; 在壳体中, 若干折流板在一个螺旋 行程内, 形成一个完整的圆截面, 即成为一个螺旋波形组, 若干螺旋波形组通过联结板连接: 形成自壳程进口处向出口处推进的, 与壳体内壁和传热管外壁共同构成的密封螺旋通道。 The invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, comprising a baffle plate, a coupling plate, a heat transfer tube, a casing, a tube plate at both ends of the casing, and inlet and outlet pipes, Wherein the baffles are fan-shaped, in a spiral stroke, two or more baffles continuously form a circular cross section, wherein each baffle is connected with an adjacent baffle by a connecting plate, the baffle Forming a helix angle greater than zero and less than 90° with the coupling plate; in the casing, a plurality of baffles form a complete circular section within a helical stroke, ie, become a spiral waveform group, and several spiral waveform groups Connection by the coupling plate: a sealing spiral passage formed from the inlet of the shell to the outlet and formed together with the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the heat transfer tube.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 所述联结板呈近似等腰三 角形, 其底边与紧邻联结板下行程的折流板连接, 联结板的另外两边与紧邻联结板上行程的
折流板相连接; 联结板的尺寸及联结板除底边外的两边的夹角大小, 是以折流板按近似螺旋 蛟龙的旋切角度, 即以圆心被拉伸的长度与螺旋半径形成的三角区确定。 The invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein the joint plate has an approximately isosceles triangle shape, and a bottom edge thereof is connected with a baffle plate adjacent to a lower stroke of the joint plate, and the joint plate is additionally Stroke on both sides and on the adjacent plate The baffles are connected; the size of the coupling plate and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate except the bottom edge are formed by the baffle angle of the approximate spiral 蛟, that is, the length and the radius of the circle being stretched by the center of the circle The triangle area is ok.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 所述折流板与壳体轴线成 The present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, the baffle plate and the housing axis
8° 〜35° 的螺旋角。 A helix angle of 8° to 35°.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 所述折流板上设有用于传 热管从其中穿过的通孔, 传热管穿过折流板上的通孔与位于壳体两端的管板垂直固定。 The present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, the baffle plate is provided with a through hole for a heat transfer tube to pass therethrough, and the heat transfer tube passes through the baffle The through holes are vertically fixed to the tube sheets at both ends of the housing.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 所述换热器中 N*2分之一 的传热管穿过折流板上的通孔与两个管板垂直固定。 The invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein one heat transfer tube of N*2 in the heat exchanger passes through a through hole and two tubes on the baffle The board is fixed vertically.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 在同一圆横截面上折流板 的个数是换热器壳程螺旋通道数 N的 N*2倍。 The fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger provided by the invention has N*2 times the number N of the spiral path of the shell side of the heat exchanger in the same circular cross section.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 所述传热管穿过同一象限 的折流板后, 和联结板依次连接构成一个管束组, 各象限的管束组通过折流板连接组板形成 自壳程进口处向出口处推进的密封螺旋通道。 The present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger. After the heat transfer tube passes through the baffles of the same quadrant, the joint plate and the joint plate are sequentially connected to form a bundle group, and the bundles of the quadrants The group forms a sealed spiral passage that advances from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection panel.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 所述管束组的个数是换热 器壳程螺旋通道数 N的 N*2倍。 The present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein the number of the tube bundle groups is N*2 times the number N of the shell side spiral passages of the heat exchanger.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 所述进、 出口管设在换热 器的一端或壳体两端的其中一管板的两侧。 The invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein the inlet and outlet pipes are disposed at one end of the heat exchanger or on both sides of one of the tube plates at both ends of the casing.
本发明提供的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 所述折流板与联结板采用 金属材料。 The invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, wherein the baffle plate and the joint plate are made of a metal material.
上述技术方案及其设计: The above technical solutions and their design:
其中, 壳体内壁、 折流板、 联结板和传热管外壁共同构成密封螺旋通道; 折流板与联结 板的连接可以通告焊接的方式, 也可以通过同焊接具有相同效果的其他连接方式; 折流板与 联结板所用技术材料, 可以为铜或不锈钢等。 Wherein, the inner wall of the casing, the baffle plate, the coupling plate and the outer wall of the heat transfer tube together form a sealing spiral passage; the connection of the baffle plate and the coupling plate can advertise the manner of welding, and can also pass other connection modes having the same effect as welding; The technical materials used for the baffles and the joint plates may be copper or stainless steel.
折流板与联结板连接及折流板与联结板之间形成低于 90° 的螺旋夹角的设计, 不仅使折 流板之间及折流板与传热管的固定更加稳定, 且增强了整体换热器加工的可行性, 大大减弱 了实际制造中的难度; 另外, 联结板呈近似等腰三角形: 不仅阻断了三角区漏流现象; 且联 结板的引入使得对流向壳体的物质产生推力作用, 使得壳程内部可以形成了真正的螺旋流, 可以有效提高单位压降的换热性能, 同时联结板呈近似等腰三角形而不采取通过独立的直角 三角形拼接的方式, 使得螺旋折流板换热器的制造变得容易很多。 The baffle plate is connected with the coupling plate and the design of the screw angle between the baffle plate and the coupling plate is less than 90°, which not only makes the fixing between the baffles and the baffle plate and the heat transfer tube more stable, but also enhances The feasibility of the overall heat exchanger processing greatly reduces the difficulty in actual manufacturing; in addition, the joint plate is approximately isosceles triangle: not only blocks the leakage phenomenon of the triangle; but the introduction of the coupling plate makes the flow to the shell The substance exerts a thrust effect, so that a true spiral flow can be formed inside the shell-side, which can effectively improve the heat transfer performance per unit pressure drop, and the joint plate is approximately isosceles triangle instead of adopting a separate right-angled triangle stitching manner, so that the spiral The manufacture of baffle heat exchangers has become much easier.
另外, 本发明提供的一种全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器不采用加中心管
的方式, 即节省了壳体中的空间, 增加了待换热物质的容量, 且拉开了折流板与联结板的螺 旋角度, 使得换热过程中出现了真正意义的螺旋流道, 螺旋流道的全封闭而大大提高了介质 流速, 从传热计算的角度雷诺准数也相应提高, 对流传热系数 α 也可以大幅度提高, 从而大 大提高传热效率。 In addition, the present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger without using a central tube The way, that is, the space in the casing is saved, the capacity of the material to be heat exchange is increased, and the spiral angle of the baffle plate and the coupling plate is opened, so that a true spiral flow path appears in the heat exchange process, and the spiral The full closure of the flow channel greatly increases the flow velocity of the medium, and the Reynolds number is also increased from the perspective of heat transfer calculation, and the convective heat transfer coefficient α can also be greatly improved, thereby greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency.
本发明提供的换热器, 在必要时亦可以预先构成管束组, 传热管穿管过程中可以根据产 品需要的壳体程数将预装好的四 (六、 八…) 个三角型管束组, 用相应的联结板连接后再用 管板或其他工艺装备做引导进行整体拼装, 能够大大缩短组装降低加工制造成本。 The heat exchanger provided by the invention can also pre-constitute the tube bundle group when necessary, and the pre-assembled four (six, eight...) triangular tube bundles can be prepared according to the number of housing steps required by the product during the tube-passing process of the heat transfer tube. Groups, connected by corresponding joint plates and then guided by tube sheets or other process equipment for overall assembly, can greatly shorten the assembly and reduce the manufacturing cost.
与现有技术相比, 本发明提供的一种全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器具有 下述优点: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger having the following advantages:
1、 形成真正意义的全封闭螺旋流道: 1. Form a truly closed spiral flow path:
1 )、 使得螺旋通道内高速旋转的介质流有利于在壳程内冲刷走颗粒物及沉淀物, 显著降 低了污垢热阻, 因为污垢热阻占总热阻的 50%-70%, 有效帮助提高换热效率; 1), the medium flow in the spiral channel at high speed is beneficial to wash away particles and sediments in the shell process, which significantly reduces the thermal resistance of the dirt, because the thermal resistance of the dirt accounts for 50%-70% of the total thermal resistance, effectively helping to improve Heat exchange efficiency;
2 )、 帮助形成高速的螺旋流, 使壳程横截面出现一个速度梯度场, 速度梯度场不仅使每 一根换热管都处于换热介质旋涡中, 造成换热管表面边界层减薄热阻降低, 而且由此产生的 离心力提高了流体的湍流程度。 2), to help form a high-speed spiral flow, a velocity gradient field appears in the shell-side cross-section, and the velocity gradient field not only causes each heat-exchange tube to be in the vortex of the heat exchange medium, causing the boundary layer of the heat exchange tube to be thinned The resistance is reduced, and the resulting centrifugal force increases the degree of turbulence of the fluid.
2、 有利于减少振动, 降低设备损耗的可能性, 延长设备的使用寿命, 节约成本: 从结构上, 该换热器对管束的支撑长度是完全平均的, 加上三角区联结板将全程螺旋折 流板联结为一个整体构造, 完全解决了管束振动损伤问题: 由于螺旋折流板换热器壳体介质 流动状态决定其在壳体中会形成巨大的旋涡流, 一般旋涡的物理特性为旋涡中心部的流速要 远大于边缘部份; 一台螺旋折流板换热器中心部分换热效果好于其它部分的原理也在于此, 中心部分流速大意味着此处为振动破坏最大危险点, 高效封闭式连续型螺旋折流板换热器中 的扇形折流板间三角形阻流板恰巧形成这个急需的补强, 即形成了一种超稳定结构, 进一步 强化了换热器管束的抗振能力, 延长设备的使用寿命, 在工业的强负荷压力下, 节约成本, 给生产带来很大便利。 2. It is beneficial to reduce vibration, reduce the possibility of equipment loss, extend the service life of the equipment, and save cost: From the structure, the support length of the heat exchanger to the bundle is completely average, and the triangular joint plate will spiral the whole process. The baffle plate is connected as a whole structure, which completely solves the problem of tube bundle vibration damage: Due to the flow state of the spiral baffle heat exchanger shell medium, a large vortex flow is formed in the casing, and the physical characteristics of the vortex are vortex. The flow velocity at the center is much larger than the edge portion; the principle that the heat transfer effect of the central portion of a spiral baffle heat exchanger is better than that of other parts is also here. The large flow velocity at the center portion means that the vibration damage is the most dangerous point. The triangular baffle between the fan-shaped baffles in the high-efficiency closed continuous spiral baffle heat exchanger happens to form this much-needed reinforcement, which forms an ultra-stable structure, further strengthening the anti-vibration of the heat exchanger tube bundle. The ability to extend the service life of the equipment, under the strong load pressure of the industry, saves costs and brings great convenience to production.
3、 容易制造, 方便大规模加工: 3, easy to manufacture, convenient for large-scale processing:
在制造过程中利用贯通中心轴线的三角形联结板板以 90° 交叉为支撑, 由于联结板和折 流板分别均为三角形和扇形的平面结构, 使得螺旋折流板的两个边与联结板的三个边连接固 定更加稳定, 且易于加工与拼装。 In the manufacturing process, the triangular joint plate passing through the central axis is supported by 90° cross-section. Since the joint plate and the baffle are respectively triangular and fan-shaped planar structures, the two sides of the spiral baffle and the joint plate are The three side connections are more stable and easy to machine and assemble.
4、 较目前市场上各种螺旋折流板换热器更容易实现大型化。 4. It is easier to achieve larger size than various spiral baffle heat exchangers on the market.
5、 传热效率可以提高 30%-180%。
6、 中心管的省略, 相应降低了制造成本。 5. The heat transfer efficiency can be increased by 30%-180%. 6. The omission of the center tube reduces the manufacturing cost accordingly.
7、 传热效率的提高, 扩大了适用范围, 且可以为企业带来巨大的经济效益, 创作了可观 的商业价值。 7. The improvement of heat transfer efficiency expands the scope of application and can bring huge economic benefits to the enterprise and create considerable commercial value.
8、 解决了人们一直以来渴望解决的螺旋折流板换热器的漏流短路等问题。 附图说明 8. Solving the problem of leakage current short circuit of the spiral baffle heat exchanger that people have been eager to solve. DRAWINGS
图 1是: 本发明提供的一种全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器的整体结构示 意图。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a fully enclosed flow path continuous type centerless tube spiral baffle heat exchanger.
图 2是: 本发明提供的一种全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板与连接板连接关系结 构示意图。 2 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between a fully enclosed flow path continuous type centerless tube spiral baffle and a connecting plate provided by the present invention.
图中: 1、 折流板; 2、 联结板; 3、 传热管; 4、 壳体; 5、 壳体两端的管板; 6、 进、 出 口管。 具体实施方式 In the figure: 1, baffle; 2, the joint plate; 3, heat transfer tube; 4, the shell; 5, the tube plate at both ends of the shell; 6, the inlet and outlet tubes. detailed description
[实施例 1] [Embodiment 1]
如附图 1-2所示: 本实施例是一个双程螺旋通道的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流 板换热器, 由折流板 1、 联结板 2、 传热管 3、 壳体 4、 壳体两端的管板 5、 和位于壳体 4一 端的进、 出口管 6组成, 其中位于上方的为进口管, 位于下方的为出口管: 物料从进口管进 入, 在壳程中换热后, 从出口管流出。 折流板 1由普通碳钢制成, 折流板 1呈四分之一圆扇 形, 在一个螺旋行程内, 四块折流板 1连续组成一个圆截面, 其中每块折流板 1与相邻折流 板 1之间用联结板 2连接, 即联结板 2呈近似等腰三角形, 其底边与紧邻联结板 2下方的折 流板 1相连接, 联结板 2的另外两边与紧邻联结板 2上方的折流板 1相连接, 折流板 1与联 结板 2之间形成 70° 的螺旋夹角; 联结板 2的尺寸及联结板 2除底边外的两边的夹角大小, 是以折流板 1按近似螺旋蛟龙的旋切角度, 即以圆心被拉伸的长度与螺旋半径形成的三角区 确定。 As shown in Figure 1-2: This embodiment is a two-way spiral channel fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, from baffle 1, coupling plate 2, heat transfer tube 3 a casing 4, a tube plate 5 at both ends of the casing, and an inlet and outlet pipe 6 at one end of the casing 4, wherein the upper portion is an inlet pipe and the lower portion is an outlet pipe: material enters from the inlet pipe, in the shell After heat exchange in the process, it flows out from the outlet pipe. The baffle 1 is made of ordinary carbon steel, and the baffle 1 has a quarter-circle shape. In one spiral stroke, the four baffles 1 continuously form a circular section, wherein each baffle 1 and phase The adjacent baffles 1 are connected by a joint plate 2, that is, the joint plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle, and the bottom edge thereof is connected with the baffle 1 immediately below the joint plate 2, and the other two sides of the joint plate 2 are adjacent to the joint plate 2 The upper baffles 1 are connected, and the baffle 1 and the coupling plate 2 form a 70° helical angle; the size of the coupling plate 2 and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate 2 except the bottom edge are The baffle 1 is defined by a chamfer angle of the approximate spiral 蛟, that is, a triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
联结板 2呈近似等腰三角形且联结板 2与折流板 1的连接关系, 使得物质进入壳体后, 受联结板 2的推力作用会以螺旋流动的方向向前流动, 不仅避免了漏流现象, 且改善了换热 性能, 提高了传热效率; 另外, 联结板 2的出现, 结合传热管 3穿过折流板 1上的通孔, 使 整体折流板 1在换热器壳体 4中的固定更加牢固且减少了设备振动损耗, 延长了使用寿命, 联结板 2为独立的近似等腰三角形比通过以直角三角形拼接的方式更易于加工制造。 The coupling plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape and the connection relationship between the coupling plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 so that after the substance enters the casing, the thrust of the coupling plate 2 will flow forward in the direction of the spiral flow, thereby avoiding leakage. Phenomenon, and improved heat exchange performance, improved heat transfer efficiency; In addition, the occurrence of the joint plate 2, combined with the heat transfer tube 3 through the through hole in the baffle 1, so that the integral baffle 1 in the heat exchanger shell The fixing in the body 4 is more firm and reduces the vibration loss of the device, prolonging the service life, and the coupling plate 2 is a separate approximate isosceles triangle which is easier to manufacture by splicing in a right triangle.
每块折流板 1与壳体 4的轴线呈 8° 螺旋角, 若干折流板 1 自壳程进口处向出口处推进,
即形成近似螺旋面的拼接, 同一圆横截面上折流板 1的个数与换热器壳程通道数 N的关系为 N*2, 单程换热器的折流板数通常为 4个。 在螺旋折流板 1上设有用于传热管 3通过的通孔, 传热管 3穿过螺旋折流板 1上的通孔与换热器两端的两个管板 5垂直固定, 传热管 3穿过同 一象限的若干折流板 1后, 和联结板 2依次连接构成一个管束组, 各象限的管束组通过折流 板连接组板形成自壳程进口处向出口处推进的密封螺旋通道; 在管板 5及换热器的两端的管 头和其它工艺装备的引导下拼装成一个具有全封闭式螺旋流道的螺旋折流板换热器。 Each baffle 1 has an 8° helix angle with the axis of the housing 4, and a plurality of baffles 1 advance from the inlet of the shell to the outlet. That is, the splicing of the approximate spiral surface is formed. The relationship between the number of baffles 1 on the same circular cross section and the number N of heat exchanger shell paths is N*2, and the number of baffles of the single pass heat exchanger is usually four. A through hole for the passage of the heat transfer tube 3 is disposed on the spiral baffle 1, and the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the through hole on the spiral baffle 1 and is vertically fixed to the two tube sheets 5 at both ends of the heat exchanger, and heat transfer is performed. After the tube 3 passes through the plurality of baffles 1 of the same quadrant, the connecting plates 2 are sequentially connected to form a tube bundle group, and the tube bundle groups of the respective quadrants form a sealing spiral propelled from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection group plate. The channel is assembled into a spiral baffle heat exchanger with a fully enclosed spiral flow path under the guidance of the tube head 5 and the tube ends at both ends of the heat exchanger and other process equipment.
另外, 本实施例的换热器由于不存在中心管, 且折流板 1与传热管 3连接固定不需要采 用定距管结构, 因此大大不仅降低了制造难度和成本, 为工业推广的带来很大便利。 此外, 根据大量的传热试验结果,本实施例的换热器的传热效率较普通弓型折流板换热器提高 30%, 有较好的节能减排经济效益和社会效益。 In addition, since the heat exchanger of the embodiment does not have a center tube, and the baffle plate 1 and the heat transfer tube 3 are connected and fixed, the distance tube structure is not required, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and is an industrial promotion belt. It is very convenient. In addition, according to a large number of heat transfer test results, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger of the present embodiment is 30% higher than that of the conventional bow baffle heat exchanger, and has better economic and social benefits of energy saving and emission reduction.
[实施例 2] [Embodiment 2]
如附图 1一 2所示,本实施例是一个三程螺旋通道的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流 板换热器, 由 6个管束组拼装而成。 由折流板 1、 联结板 2、 传热管 3、 壳体 4、 壳体两端的 管板 5、 和位于壳体 4一端的进、 出口管 6组成, 其中位于上方的为进口管, 位于下方的为 出口管: 物料从进口管进入, 在壳程中换热后, 从出口管流出。 折流板 1 由不锈钢制成, 折 流板 1呈六分之一圆扇形, 在一个螺旋行程内, 六块折流板 1连续组成一个圆截面, 其中每 块折流板 1与相邻折流板 1之间用联结板 1连接, 即联结板 2呈近似等腰三角形, 其底边与 紧邻联结板 2下方的折流板 1相连接, 联结板 2的另外两边与紧邻联结板 2上方的折流板 1 相连接, 折流板 1与联结板 2之间形成 40° 的螺旋夹角; 联结板 2的尺寸及联结板 2除底边 外的两边的夹角大小, 是以折流板 1按近似螺旋蛟龙的旋切角度, 即以圆心被拉伸的长度与 螺旋半径形成的三角区确定。 As shown in Fig. 1 to 2, this embodiment is a three-pass spiral channel fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, which is assembled by six tube bundle groups. The baffle plate 1, the coupling plate 2, the heat transfer tube 3, the casing 4, the tube plate 5 at both ends of the casing, and the inlet and outlet pipes 6 at one end of the casing 4, wherein the upper portion is an inlet pipe, located at Below is the outlet pipe: The material enters from the inlet pipe and flows out of the outlet pipe after heat exchange in the shell process. The baffle 1 is made of stainless steel, and the baffle 1 has a one-sixth circular sector. In one spiral stroke, six baffles 1 continuously form a circular section, wherein each baffle 1 and adjacent folds The flow plates 1 are connected by a joint plate 1, that is, the joint plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape, and the bottom edge thereof is connected to the baffle plate 1 immediately below the joint plate 2, and the other two sides of the joint plate 2 are adjacent to the joint plate 2 The baffles 1 are connected, and the baffle 1 and the coupling plate 2 form a 40° helical angle; the size of the coupling plate 2 and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate 2 except the bottom edge are baffles The plate 1 is determined by the angle of rotation of the approximate spiral 蛟, that is, the triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
联结板 2呈近似等腰三角形且联结板 2与折流板 1的连接关系, 使得物质进入壳体后, 受联结板 2的推力作用会以螺旋流动的方向向前流动, 不仅避免了漏流现象, 且大大降低了 部分物质在折流板 1靠近壳体 4处出现结垢或短路的现象, 有效改善了换热性能, 提高了传 热效率; 另外, 联结板 2的出现, 结合传热管 3穿过折流板 1上的通孔, 使整体折流板 1在 换热器壳体 4中的固定更加牢固且减少了设备振动损耗, 延长了使用寿命, 联结板 2为独立 的近似等腰三角形比通过以直角三角形拼接的方式更易于加工制造。 The coupling plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape and the connection relationship between the coupling plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 so that after the substance enters the casing, the thrust of the coupling plate 2 will flow forward in the direction of the spiral flow, thereby avoiding leakage. Phenomenon, and greatly reduce the phenomenon of fouling or short circuit of some materials in the baffle 1 near the casing 4, effectively improve the heat exchange performance, improve the heat transfer efficiency; In addition, the appearance of the joint plate 2, combined with heat transfer The tube 3 passes through the through hole in the baffle 1, so that the fixing of the integral baffle 1 in the heat exchanger housing 4 is more firm and the vibration loss of the device is reduced, and the service life is prolonged, and the coupling plate 2 is an independent approximation. Isosceles triangles are easier to machine than by splicing with right triangles.
每块折流板 1与壳体 4的轴线呈 35° 螺旋角,若干折流板 1自壳程进口处向出口处推进, 即形成近似螺旋面的拼接, 同一圆横截面上折流板 1的个数与换热器壳程通道数 N的关系为 N*2, 单程换热器的折流板数通常为 4个。 在螺旋折流板 1上设有用于传热管 3通过的通孔,
传热管 3穿过螺旋折流板 1上的通孔与换热器两端的两个管板 5垂直固定, 传热管 3穿过同 一象限的若千折流板 1后, 和联结板 2依次连接构成一个管束组, 各象限的管束组通过折流 板连接组板形成自壳程进口处向出口处推进的密封螺旋通道; 在管板 5及换热器的两端的管 头和其它工艺装备的引导下拼装成一个具有全封闭式螺旋流道的螺旋折流板换热器。 Each baffle 1 and the axis of the casing 4 have a helix angle of 35°, and a plurality of baffles 1 are advanced from the inlet of the shell to the outlet, that is, a splicing of an approximately spiral surface is formed, and the baffles 1 of the same circular cross section are formed. The relationship between the number of tubes and the number of shell paths of the heat exchanger is N*2, and the number of baffles of the single-pass heat exchanger is usually four. A through hole for the passage of the heat transfer tube 3 is provided on the spiral baffle 1 The heat transfer tube 3 passes through the through hole on the spiral baffle 1 and is vertically fixed to the two tube sheets 5 at both ends of the heat exchanger, and the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the same quadrant of the turret 1 and the joint plate 2 Connected to form a tube bundle group in turn, the tube bundle group of each quadrant forms a sealed spiral passage from the shell inlet to the outlet through the baffle connection group plate; the tube head and other processes at the tube plate 5 and the heat exchanger Under the guidance of the equipment, it is assembled into a spiral baffle heat exchanger with a fully enclosed spiral flow path.
另外, 本实施例的换热器由于不存在中心管, 且折流板 1与传热管 3连接固定不需要采 用定距管结构, 因此大大不仅降低了制造难度和成本, 为工业推广的带来很大便利。 此外, 根据大量的传热试验结果,本实施例的换热器的传热效率较普通弓型折流板换热器提高 180%, 有较好的节能减排经济效益和社会效益。 In addition, since the heat exchanger of the embodiment does not have a center tube, and the baffle plate 1 and the heat transfer tube 3 are connected and fixed, the distance tube structure is not required, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and is an industrial promotion belt. It is very convenient. In addition, according to a large number of heat transfer test results, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger of the present embodiment is improved by 180% compared with the conventional bow baffle heat exchanger, and has good economic and social benefits of energy saving and emission reduction.
[实施例 3] [Embodiment 3]
如附图 1-2所示: 本实施例是一个双程螺旋通道的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流 板换热器, 由折流板 1、 联结板 2、 传热管 3、 壳体 4、 壳体两端的管板 5、 和位于壳体一端 的进、 出口管 6组成, 其中位于上方的为进口管, 位于下方的为出口管: 物料从进口管进入, 在壳程中换热后, 从出口管流出。 折流板 1由不锈钢制成, 折流板 1呈六分之一圆扇形, 在 一个螺旋行程内, 四块折流板 1连续组成一个圆截面, 其中每块折流板 1与相邻折流板 1之 间用联结板 2连接, 即联结板 2呈近似等腰三角形, 其底边与紧邻联结板 2下方的折流板 1 相连接, 联结板 2的另外两边与紧邻联结板 2上方的折流板 1相连接, 折流板 1与联结板 2 之间形成 70° 的螺旋夹角; 联结板 2的尺寸及联结板 2除底边外的两边的夹角大小, 是以折 流板 1按近似螺旋蛟龙的旋切角度, 即以圆心被拉伸的长度与螺旋半径形成的三角区确定。 As shown in Figure 1-2: This embodiment is a two-way spiral channel fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, from baffle 1, coupling plate 2, heat transfer tube 3 The casing 4, the tube plate 5 at both ends of the casing, and the inlet and outlet pipes 6 at one end of the casing, wherein the upper part is the inlet pipe and the lower part is the outlet pipe: the material enters from the inlet pipe, and is changed in the shell process. After the heat, it flows out from the outlet pipe. The baffle 1 is made of stainless steel, and the baffle 1 has a one-sixth circular sector. In one spiral stroke, the four baffles 1 continuously form a circular cross section, wherein each baffle 1 and adjacent folds The flow plates 1 are connected by a joint plate 2, that is, the joint plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape, and the bottom edge thereof is connected to the baffle 1 immediately below the joint plate 2, and the other two sides of the joint plate 2 are adjacent to the joint plate 2 The baffles 1 are connected, and the baffle 1 forms a 70° angle with the coupling plate 2; the size of the coupling plate 2 and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate 2 except the bottom edge are baffles The plate 1 is determined by the angle of rotation of the approximate spiral 蛟, that is, the triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
联结板 2呈近似等腰三角形且联结板 2与折流板 1的连接关系, 使得物质进入壳体后, 受联结板 2的推力作用会以螺旋流动的方向向前流动, 不仅避免了漏流现象, 且改善了换热 性能, 提高了传热效率; 另外, 联结板 2的出现, 结合传热管 3穿过折流板 1上的通孔, 使 整体折流板 1在换热器壳体 4中的固定更加牢固且减少了设备振动损耗, 延长了使用寿命, 联结板为独立的近似等腰三角形比通过以直角三角形拼接的方式更易于加工制造。 The coupling plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape and the connection relationship between the coupling plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 so that after the substance enters the casing, the thrust of the coupling plate 2 will flow forward in the direction of the spiral flow, thereby avoiding leakage. Phenomenon, and improved heat exchange performance, improved heat transfer efficiency; In addition, the occurrence of the joint plate 2, combined with the heat transfer tube 3 through the through hole in the baffle 1, so that the integral baffle 1 in the heat exchanger shell The fixing in the body 4 is more robust and reduces the vibration loss of the device, prolonging the service life, and the coupling plate is independent of the approximate isosceles triangle ratio and is easier to manufacture by splicing in a right triangle.
每块折流板 1与壳体 4的轴线呈 10° 螺旋角,若干折流板 1 自壳程进口处向出口处推进, 即形成近似螺旋面的拼接, 同一圆横截面上折流板 1的个数与换热器壳程通道数 N的关系为 N*2, 单程换热器的折流板数通常为 4个。 在螺旋折流板 1上设有用于传热管 3通过的通孔, 传热管 3穿过螺旋折流板 1上的通孔与换热器两端的两个管板 5垂直固定, 传热管 3穿过同 一象限的若干折流板 1后, 和联结板 2依次连接构成一个管束组, 各象限的管束组通过折流 板连接组板形成自壳程进口处向出口处推进的密封螺旋通道; 在管板 5及换热器的两端的管 头和其它工艺装备的引导下拼装成一个具有全封闭式螺旋流道的螺旋折流板换热器。
另外, 本实施例的换热器由于不存在中心管, 且折流板 1与传热管 3连接固定不需要采 用定距管结构, 因此大大不仅降低了制造难度和成本, 为工业推广的带来很大便利。 此外, 根据大量的传热试验结果,本实施例的换热器的传热效率较普通弓型折流板换热器提高 150%, 有较好的节能减排经济效益和社会效益。 Each baffle 1 has a 10° helix angle with the axis of the casing 4, and a plurality of baffles 1 are advanced from the inlet of the shell to the outlet, that is, a splicing of an approximately spiral surface is formed, and the baffles 1 of the same circular cross section are formed. The relationship between the number of tubes and the number of shell paths of the heat exchanger is N*2, and the number of baffles of the single-pass heat exchanger is usually four. A through hole for the passage of the heat transfer tube 3 is disposed on the spiral baffle 1, and the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the through hole on the spiral baffle 1 and is vertically fixed to the two tube sheets 5 at both ends of the heat exchanger, and heat transfer is performed. After the tube 3 passes through the plurality of baffles 1 of the same quadrant, the connecting plates 2 are sequentially connected to form a tube bundle group, and the tube bundle groups of the respective quadrants form a sealing spiral propelled from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection group plate. The channel is assembled into a spiral baffle heat exchanger with a fully enclosed spiral flow path under the guidance of the tube head 5 and the tube ends at both ends of the heat exchanger and other process equipment. In addition, since the heat exchanger of the embodiment does not have a center tube, and the baffle plate 1 and the heat transfer tube 3 are connected and fixed, the distance tube structure is not required, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and is an industrial promotion belt. It is very convenient. In addition, according to a large number of heat transfer test results, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger of the present embodiment is improved by 150% compared with the conventional bow baffle heat exchanger, and has good economic and social benefits of energy saving and emission reduction.
[实施例 4] . [Example 4].
如附图 1一 2所示,本实施例是一个三程螺旋通道的全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流 板换热器, 由 8个管束组拼装而成。 由折流板 1、 联结板 2、 传热管 3、 壳体 4、 壳体两端的 管板 5、 和位于壳体 4一端的进、 出口管 6组成, 其中位于上方的为进口管, 位于下方的为 出口管: 物料从进口管进入, 在壳程中换热后, 从出口管流出。 折流板 1由普通碳钢铁制成, 折流板 1呈六分之一圆扇形, 在一个螺旋行程内, 六块折流板 1连续组成一个圆截面, 其中 每块折流板 1与相邻折流板 1之间用联结板 2连接, 即联结板 2呈近似等腰三角形, 其底边 与紧邻联结板 2下方的折流板 1相连接, 联结板 2的另外两边与紧邻联结板 2上方的折流板 1相连接, 折流板 1与联结板 2之间形成 20° 的螺旋夹角; 联结板 2的尺寸及联结板 2除底 边外的两边的夹角大小, 是以折流板 1按近似螺旋蛟龙的旋切角度, 即以圆心被拉伸的长度 与螺旋半径形成的三角区确定。 As shown in Fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment is a three-way spiral channel fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger, which is assembled by 8 tube bundle groups. The baffle plate 1, the coupling plate 2, the heat transfer tube 3, the casing 4, the tube plate 5 at both ends of the casing, and the inlet and outlet pipes 6 at one end of the casing 4, wherein the upper portion is an inlet pipe, located at Below is the outlet pipe: The material enters from the inlet pipe and flows out of the outlet pipe after heat exchange in the shell process. The baffle 1 is made of ordinary carbon steel, and the baffle 1 has a one-sixth circular sector. In one spiral stroke, six baffles 1 continuously form a circular cross section, wherein each baffle 1 and phase The adjacent baffles 1 are connected by a joint plate 2, that is, the joint plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle, and the bottom edge thereof is connected with the baffle 1 immediately below the joint plate 2, and the other two sides of the joint plate 2 are adjacent to the joint plate 2 The upper baffles 1 are connected, and the baffle 1 and the coupling plate 2 form a 20° helical angle; the size of the coupling plate 2 and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate 2 except the bottom edge are The baffle 1 is defined by a chamfer angle of the approximate spiral 蛟, that is, a triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
联结板 2呈近似等腰三角形且联结板 2与折流板 1的连接关系, 使得物料进入壳体后, 受联结板 2的推力作用会以螺旋流动的方向向前流动, 不仅避免了漏流现象, 且大大降低了 部分物质在折流板 1靠近壳体 4处出现结垢或短路的现象, 有效改善了换热性能, 提高了传 热效率; 另外, 联结板 2的出现, 结合传热管 3穿过折流板 1上的通孔, 使整体折流板 1在 换热器壳体 4中的固定更加牢固且减少了设备振动损耗, 延长了使用寿命, 联结板为独立的 近似等腰三角形比通过以直角三角形拼接的方式更易于加工制造。 The coupling plate 2 has an approximately isosceles triangle shape and the connection relationship between the coupling plate 2 and the baffle plate 1 so that after the material enters the casing, the thrust of the coupling plate 2 will flow forward in the direction of the spiral flow, thereby avoiding leakage. Phenomenon, and greatly reduce the phenomenon of fouling or short circuit of some materials in the baffle 1 near the casing 4, effectively improve the heat exchange performance, improve the heat transfer efficiency; In addition, the appearance of the joint plate 2, combined with heat transfer The tube 3 passes through the through hole in the baffle 1, so that the fixing of the integral baffle 1 in the heat exchanger housing 4 is more firm and the vibration loss of the device is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and the joint plate is an independent approximation or the like. The waist triangle is easier to machine than by splicing in a right triangle.
每块折流板 1与壳体 4的轴线呈 20° 螺旋角,若干折流板 1 自壳程进口处向出口处推进, 即形成近似螺旋面的拼接, 同一圆横截面上折流板 1的个数与换热器壳程通道数 N的关系为 N*2, 单程换热器的折流板数通常为 4个。 在螺旋折流板 1上设有用于传热管 3通过的通孔, 传热管 3穿过螺旋折流板 1上的通孔与换热器两端的两个管板 5垂直固定, 传热管 3穿过同 一象限的若干折流板 1后, 和联结板 2依次连接构成一个管束组, 各象限的管束组通过折流 板连接组板形成自壳程进口处向出口处推进的密封螺旋通道; 在管板 5及换热器的两端的管 头和其它工艺装备的引导下拼装成一个具有全封闭式螺旋流道的螺旋折流板换热器。 Each baffle 1 has a 20° helix angle with the axis of the housing 4, and a plurality of baffles 1 are advanced from the inlet of the shell to the outlet, forming a splicing of approximately spiral faces, and baffles 1 of the same circular cross section. The relationship between the number of tubes and the number of shell paths of the heat exchanger is N*2, and the number of baffles of the single-pass heat exchanger is usually four. A through hole for the passage of the heat transfer tube 3 is disposed on the spiral baffle 1, and the heat transfer tube 3 passes through the through hole on the spiral baffle 1 and is vertically fixed to the two tube sheets 5 at both ends of the heat exchanger, and heat transfer is performed. After the tube 3 passes through the plurality of baffles 1 of the same quadrant, the connecting plates 2 are sequentially connected to form a tube bundle group, and the tube bundle groups of the respective quadrants form a sealing spiral propelled from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection group plate. The channel is assembled into a spiral baffle heat exchanger with a fully enclosed spiral flow path under the guidance of the tube head 5 and the tube ends at both ends of the heat exchanger and other process equipment.
另外, 本实施例的换热器由于不存在中心管, 且折流板 1与传热管 3连接固定不需要采 用定距管结构, 因此大大不仅降低了制造难度和成本, 为工业推广的带来很大便利。 此外,
根据大量的传热试验结果,本实施例的换热器的传热效率较普通弓型折流板换热器提高 120%, 有较好的节能减排经济效益和社会效益。 In addition, since the heat exchanger of the embodiment does not have a center tube, and the baffle plate 1 and the heat transfer tube 3 are connected and fixed, the distance tube structure is not required, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost, and is an industrial promotion belt. It is very convenient. In addition, According to a large number of heat transfer test results, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger of the present embodiment is improved by 120% compared with the conventional bow baffle heat exchanger, and has good economic and social benefits of energy saving and emission reduction.
最后应当说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制, 尽管参照 上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解: 技术人员阅读 本申请说明书后依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换, 但这些修改或变 更均未脱离本发明申请待批权利要求保护范围之内。
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: The invention may be modified or equivalently modified without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims
1、 一种全封闭流道连续型无中心管螺旋折流板换热器, 包括折流板 (1 )、 联结板 (2)、 传热管(3)、 壳体(4)、 壳体两端的管板(5)和进、 出口管(6), 其特征在于所述折流板 .( 1 )1. A fully enclosed flow path continuous type central tube spiral baffle heat exchanger comprising a baffle (1), a coupling plate (2), a heat transfer tube (3), a casing (4), a casing a tube sheet (5) at both ends and an inlet and outlet tube (6) characterized by the baffle. (1)
-呈扇形, 在一个螺旋行程内, 两块以上的折流板(1 )连续组成一个圆截面, 其中每块折流板 ( 1 ) 与相邻折流板 (1 ) 之间用联结板 (2) 连接, 折流板 (1 ) 与联结板 (2) 之间形成大于 零而小于 90° 的螺旋夹角; 在壳体 (4) 中, 若干折流板 (1 ) 在一个螺旋行程内, 形成一个 完整的圆截面, 即成为一个螺旋波形组, 若千螺旋波形组通过联结板(2)连接: 形成自壳程 进口处向出口处推进的, 与壳体 (4) 内壁和传热管 (3) 外壁共同构成的密封螺旋通道。 - fan-shaped, in a spiral stroke, two or more baffles (1) continuously form a circular section, wherein each baffle (1) and the adjacent baffle (1) are connected by a joint plate ( 2) Connection, the angle between the baffle (1) and the coupling plate (2) is greater than zero and less than 90°; in the casing (4), several baffles (1) are within one spiral stroke , forming a complete circular section, that is, a spiral waveform group, if the thousand spiral waveform group is connected by the coupling plate (2): formed from the shell inlet to the outlet, and the inner wall of the casing (4) and heat transfer The sealed spiral channel formed by the outer wall of the tube (3).
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的换热器, 其特征在于所述联结板 (2) 呈近似等腰三角形, 其 底边与紧邻联结板(2 )下行程的折流板(1 )连接, 联结板(2)的另外两边与紧邻联结板(2) 上行程的折流板(1 )相连接; 联结板(2 )的尺寸及联结板(2 )除底边外的两边的夹角大小, 是以折流板(1 )按近似螺旋蛟龙的旋切角度, 即以圆心被拉伸的长度与螺旋半径形成的三角 区确定。 2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that said coupling plate (2) is of an approximately isosceles triangle, the bottom edge of which is connected to a baffle (1) which is adjacent to the lower stroke of the coupling plate (2). The other two sides of the coupling plate (2) are connected to the baffle (1) which is adjacent to the upper stroke of the coupling plate (2); the size of the coupling plate (2) and the angle between the two sides of the coupling plate (2) except the bottom edge The baffle (1) is determined by the angle of the spiral of the approximate spiral 蛟, that is, the triangle formed by the length of the center of the circle and the radius of the spiral.
3、根据权利要求 1所述的换热器, 其特征在于所述折流板(1 )与壳体(4)轴线成 8° 〜 The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle (1) is at 8° to the axis of the casing (4)~
35° 的螺旋角。 A helix angle of 35°.
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的换热器, 其特征在于所述折流板 (1 ) 上设有用于传热管 (3) 从其中穿过的通孔, 传热管 (3) 穿过折流板 (1 ) 上的通孔与位于壳体两端的管板(5)垂直 固定。 4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle (1) is provided with a through hole through which the heat transfer tube (3) passes, and the heat transfer tube (3) passes through The through holes in the baffle (1) are vertically fixed to the tube sheets (5) at both ends of the housing.
' 5、根据权利要求 1所述的换热器, 其特征在于所述换热器中 N*2分之一的传热管穿过折 流板 (1 ) 上的通孔与两个管板 (5) 垂直固定。 5. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that N*2 of the heat transfer tubes in the heat exchanger pass through the through holes and the two tube sheets on the baffle (1) (5) Vertically fixed.
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的换热器, 其特征在于在同一圆横截面上折流板 (2) 的个数是 换热器壳程螺旋通道数 N的 N*2倍。 6. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of baffles (2) in the same circular cross section is N*2 times the number N of spiral paths of the shell side of the heat exchanger.
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的换热器, 其特征在于所述传热管 (3) 穿过同一象限的折流板 ( 1 ) 后, 和联结板 (2 ) 依次连接构成一个管束组, 各象限的管束组通过折流板连接组板形 成自壳程进口处向出口处推进的密封螺旋通道。 7. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat transfer tube (3) passes through the baffles (1) of the same quadrant, and is connected in series with the coupling plate (2) to form a tube bundle group. The bundle of tubes in each quadrant forms a sealed spiral passage that advances from the inlet of the shell to the outlet through the baffle connection panel.
8、根据权利要求 6所述的换热器, 其特征在于所述管束组的个数是换热器壳程螺旋通道 数 N的 N*2倍。 The heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the number of the tube bundle groups is N*2 times the number of spiral passages N of the heat exchanger shell.
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的换热器, 其特征在于所述进、 出口管 (6) 设在换热器的一端 或壳体两端的其中一管板 (5) 的两侧。 The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet and outlet pipes (6) are provided at one end of the heat exchanger or on both sides of one of the tube sheets (5) at both ends of the casing.
10、 根据权利要求 6所述的换热器, 其特征在于所述折流板 (1 ) 与联结板 (2) 采用金 属材料。 10. A heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that the baffle (1) and the coupling plate (2) are made of a metal material.
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CN114405413B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-04-28 | 西安航天华威化工生物工程有限公司 | Reaction device for producing maleic anhydride by n-butane method |
Also Published As
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