WO2012001310A1 - Method for reducing particulate emissions on a direct-injection petrol engine - Google Patents

Method for reducing particulate emissions on a direct-injection petrol engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012001310A1
WO2012001310A1 PCT/FR2011/051526 FR2011051526W WO2012001310A1 WO 2012001310 A1 WO2012001310 A1 WO 2012001310A1 FR 2011051526 W FR2011051526 W FR 2011051526W WO 2012001310 A1 WO2012001310 A1 WO 2012001310A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
engine
combustion chamber
temperature
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2011/051526
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Vanessa Picron
Damien Fournigault
Pierre-Henry Legrand
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur filed Critical Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur
Priority to EP11743271.6A priority Critical patent/EP2588739A1/en
Priority to CN201180032622.7A priority patent/CN103026041B/en
Publication of WO2012001310A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012001310A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/047—Taking into account fuel evaporation or wall wetting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • F02D35/024—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure using an estimation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/025—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/025—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures
    • F02D35/026—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures using an estimation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3818—Common rail control systems for petrol engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/06—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0606—Fuel temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/02—Fuel evaporation in fuel rails, e.g. in common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine as well as the assembly of such a device and a circuit engine fuel supply. It will find its application, in particular, in the field of motor vehicles.
  • particulate filters or FAP to reduce particulate emissions and achieve the standards of pollution control in force.
  • gasoline engines the emission of particles is not yet regulated. If such standards were to become applicable, particularly in the form of maximum allowable particle sizes, their compliance would be particularly restrictive, particularly in the case of a direct injection engine.
  • the emission of particles depends essentially on the presence of liquid fuel on the fixed or movable walls of the combustion chamber after fuel injection and the amount of gasoline not yet vaporized at the time of combustion.
  • the air / fuel mixture preparation times in the chamber are low and the available space is reduced.
  • combustion conditions can be improved by promoting evaporation of the fuel in the chamber, in particular by heating. But such a strategy requires a supply of energy that can affect the overall energy balance of the engine.
  • the invention proposes to solve the problems mentioned above and for this purpose concerns a method of controlling an engine operating with direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine, in which process:
  • Fuel heating improves the atomization of the fuel jet at the outlet of the injector and its evaporation in the combustion chamber. This promotes combustion and further reduces the risk of presence of fuel on the fixed or moving walls of the chamber, which limits the risk of particle emission. In addition, taking into account the operating conditions of the engine to perform this heating, it limits unnecessary energy consumption.
  • the operating phase of the engine depends in particular on the parameters of the fuel, the engine and the external environment.
  • the operating phase of the engine is determined by evaluating an operating point of said engine and / or by detecting one of its phases of life, in particular a starting phase;
  • the temperature of the fuel is controlled before introduction into the combustion chamber
  • said heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, in the event of detection of said operating phases;
  • the operating phase of the engine is determined by determining and / or estimating the temperature and / or the pressure in the combustion chamber and an evaluation is made of a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction in the room, to from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber;
  • said temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber is chosen to allow instantaneous evaporation of at least one fraction of fuel, when introduced into the combustion chamber, so that said fuel is introduced therein in the form of a liquid jet of fuel in which pockets of vapor appear upon introduction into the chamber;
  • the temperature of the fuel is monitored before it is introduced into the chamber so as to prevent it from boiling;
  • a step is taken to select the nature of the fuel and said heating is carried out taking into account the nature of the fuel selected.
  • the invention also relates to a device for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine comprising:
  • the device comprises an engine control unit, said engine control unit comprising first processing means making it possible to establish said operating phase of the engine from information received by said control unit;
  • the heating means comprise a current source, a heating resistor and means for placing said source of current in communication with said heating resistor;
  • said control unit is connected to said means for bringing said current source into communication with said heating resistor and comprises second processing means for activating said means for communicating said current source and said heating resistor; depending on the operating phase of the motor;
  • the device comprises means for measuring and / or estimating the pressure and / or the temperature in the combustion chamber, connected to said control unit, said control unit comprising third processing means allowing the evaluation a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber, from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber;
  • said device comprises means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber.
  • Said device is in particular provided capable of enabling the implementation of the previously described method.
  • the invention further relates to an assembly of a control device as described above and a fuel supply circuit of the engine.
  • said circuit has a ramp for introducing the fuel under high pressure into the engine and the heating means of said control device are provided in said ramp.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the phenomena involved in a fuel jet during the implementation of an exemplary embodiment of the process according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the invention relates first of all to a method for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, in a combustion chamber of the engine, to reduce the amount of particles emitted by the engine.
  • a direct injection of fuel in particular gasoline
  • This will include, in particular, stratified injection engines.
  • particles is meant the solid compounds formed during combustion occurring in the combustion chamber. In other words, it is the solid products of the chemical reaction occurring between the fuel and the oxidant in the combustion chamber from, in particular, fractions of liquid fuel subjected to high temperatures.
  • an operating phase of the engine is determined, in particular the operating point and / or the life phase, and heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, as a function of the operating phase noted.
  • this temperature can be controlled as a function of the fuel pressure before introduction into the combustion chamber and the pressure in the combustion chamber so as simultaneously to promote the evaporation of the fuel in the combustion chamber and to avoid boiling. fuel before its introduction into the chamber, including its light fractions.
  • the operating phase or phases capable of generating a particle emission are detected and said heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, in the event of detection of said operating phases.
  • detection may take place, for example, by controlling the filling speed of a particulate filter provided in the exhaust of the engine. It may also take place by means of mapping associating temperature and / or pressure conditions in the combustion chamber and / or conditions outside the particle emission conditions.
  • Said temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber is chosen to allow the occurrence of a phenomenon known in English as "flash boiling" when introducing the fuel into the chamber .
  • flash boiling is understood to mean instantaneous evaporation of at least one fraction of fuel, when it is injected into the combustion chamber, so that said fuel is introduced into it.
  • a liquid jet 1 of fuel in which pockets 2 of steam appear on introduction into the chamber in the form of a liquid jet 1 of fuel in which pockets 2 of steam appear on introduction into the chamber.
  • Such vaporization is made possible due to fuel heating combined with an abrupt variation between the fuel pressure before and after introduction into the chamber.
  • Such an injection mode has the advantage of increasing the injection angle of the fuel into the injection chamber by instantaneous vaporization as soon as the fuel is introduced into the chamber. It also allows a better atomization of the jet and the decrease of the sizes of fuel drops, which leads to the increase of the vaporized fraction of fuel with identical duration and injection conditions compared to an injection at a lower temperature. Likewise, it makes it possible to reduce the penetration of the fuel jet into the chamber. In the end, it reduces the risk of liquid fuel being present on the fixed or moving walls of the chamber and increases the fraction of fuel in vapor form at the beginning of the combustion.
  • a step is taken to select the nature of the fuel and said heating is carried out taking into account the selected fuel nature.
  • It may be, for example, gasoline, alcohol, such as ethanol, or gasoline comprising a greater or lesser amount of ethanol.
  • the invention also relates to a control device of an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, including gasoline, into a combustion chamber 3 of the engine.
  • Said device comprises means for determining an operating phase of the engine and means for heating the fuel before introduction into the combustion chamber, according to said operating phase.
  • a motor control unit 4 it comprises a motor control unit 4. It does not mean there a control unit of the engine operating parameters such as, the amount of fuel and / or air admitted into the chamber as well as the ignition timing, i.e., the moment at which the air / fuel mixture is ignited relative to a value of the rotation angle of a crankshaft of the engine.
  • Said engine control unit 4 comprises, for example, first processing means for establishing said operating phase of the engine from information received by said control unit 4.
  • Said means for determining an operating phase of the engine are provided capable of operating said control unit 4, for example, to determine the operating phase or phases of the engine capable of generating a particle emission, for example from mappings of the engine, in particular as a function of the temperature and / or the pressure in the combustion chamber and / or other information such as the filling speed of a particulate filter, provided at the exhaust of the engine, and / or external conditions. They will still be able to exploit it to obtain information relating to a phase of engine life.
  • the heating means comprise a current source 5, a heating resistor 6 and means 7 for communicating said current source and said heating resistor.
  • Said control unit 4 can then be connected to said means 7 for placing said power source 5 in communication with said heating resistor 6 and comprise second processing means enabling said communication means 7 to be put in communication with said source of power. current and said heating resistor according to said operating phase of the motor.
  • Said device may also comprise means, in particular sensors, for measuring the pressure and / or the temperature in the combustion chamber, connected to said control unit 4.
  • Said control unit 4 then comprises third processing means allowing the calculating a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber, from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber.
  • Said means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber comprise, for example, measuring means, in particular sensors 10, for the temperature and / or the pressure of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber. . These are connected to said control unit 4. Said means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber may also call on the engine control unit 4 to have the temperature determined by said third processing means and thereby effect a temperature control.
  • They may also be provided able to control the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the chamber so as to avoid boiling.
  • the device according to the invention may further comprise means for selecting the nature of the fuel, said third processing means of the engine control unit 4 then being designed able to take into account the nature of fuel selected in their determination of the temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber.
  • the invention further relates to an assembly of a control device as described above and a fuel supply circuit of the engine.
  • said circuit comprises, for example, a fuel tank 11, injectors 12 allowing the fuel to be introduced into the combustion chamber or chambers 3 of the engine as well as a supply line 15, connecting the tank 1 1 and the injectors 12.
  • a pump 16 is provided along said feed line 15 for passing the fuel under high pressure.
  • the sensors 10 of pressure and / or temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber or chambers are placed downstream of said pump 16. They may also be provided upstream.
  • Said control unit 4 may be provided capable of controlling said injectors 12 and / or said pump 16.
  • said circuit has a ramp
  • the heating resistor may be provided in the injectors.
  • injectors 12 configured to prevent cavitation of the fuel in the injector. Indeed, if such a cavitation may possibly allow evaporation of the fuel, it causes, however, a reduction of the effective cross section of the injector. On the contrary, with the boiling flash, there is evaporation in jet, that is to say downstream of the injector (s) 12.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling an engine operating with direct fuel injection, notably direct petrol injection, into a combustion chamber (3) of the engine. According to the invention: - an engine operating phase is determined, - the fuel is heated before it is introduced into the combustion chamber (3), according to said phase. The invention also relates to the combination of such a control device with an engine fuel supply circuit.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de contrôle d'un moteur fonctionnant avec une injection directe de carburant, notamment d'essence, dans une chambre de combustion du moteur ainsi que l'ensemble d'un tel dispositif et d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant du moteur. Elle trouvera son application, en particulier, dans le domaine des véhicules automobiles.  The present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine as well as the assembly of such a device and a circuit engine fuel supply. It will find its application, in particular, in the field of motor vehicles.
Actuellement, dans le domaine des moteurs diesel, il est connu d'utiliser des filtres à particules ou FAP pour diminuer les émissions de particules et atteindre les normes de dépollution en vigueur. Cependant, pour les moteurs essence, l'émission des particules n'est pas encore réglementée. Si de telles normes devaient devenir applicables, notamment sous la forme de quantités maximum de particules admissibles, leur respect serait particulièrement contraignant, en particulier dans le cas de moteur à injection directe.  Currently, in the field of diesel engines, it is known to use particulate filters or FAP to reduce particulate emissions and achieve the standards of pollution control in force. However, for gasoline engines, the emission of particles is not yet regulated. If such standards were to become applicable, particularly in the form of maximum allowable particle sizes, their compliance would be particularly restrictive, particularly in the case of a direct injection engine.
En effet, l'émission de particules dépend pour l'essentiel de la présence de carburant liquide sur les parois fixes ou mobiles de la chambre de combustion après injection du carburant et de la quantité d'essence non encore vaporisée au moment de la combustion. Or, pour les moteurs à injection directe, les temps de préparation du mélange air/carburant dans la chambre sont faibles et l'espace disponible est réduit.  Indeed, the emission of particles depends essentially on the presence of liquid fuel on the fixed or movable walls of the combustion chamber after fuel injection and the amount of gasoline not yet vaporized at the time of combustion. However, for direct injection engines, the air / fuel mixture preparation times in the chamber are low and the available space is reduced.
De nombreuses solutions ont déjà été testées. Certaines reposent sur des stratégies d'injection plus ou moins complexes, nécessitant un long travail de mise au point. Elles n'ont d'ailleurs pas encore prouvé leur efficacité. D'autres proposent l'utilisation d'un filtre à particules et sont coûteuses.  Many solutions have already been tested. Some rely on more or less complex injection strategies, requiring a lot of work. They have not yet proved their effectiveness. Others propose the use of a particulate filter and are expensive.
Par ailleurs, l'on peut améliorer les conditions de combustion en favorisant l'évaporation du carburant dans la chambre, notamment par chauffage. Mais une telle stratégie nécessite un apport d'énergie qui peut nuire au bilan énergétique global du moteur.  Furthermore, the combustion conditions can be improved by promoting evaporation of the fuel in the chamber, in particular by heating. But such a strategy requires a supply of energy that can affect the overall energy balance of the engine.
L'invention se propose de résoudre les problèmes évoqués plus haut et porte à cette fin sur un procédé de contrôle d'un moteur fonctionnant avec une injection directe de carburant, notamment d'essence, dans une chambre de combustion du moteur, procédé dans lequel : The invention proposes to solve the problems mentioned above and for this purpose concerns a method of controlling an engine operating with direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine, in which process:
- on détermine une phase de fonctionnement du moteur,  an operation phase of the motor is determined,
- on effectue un chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion, en fonction de ladite phase.  - The fuel is heated before introduction into the combustion chamber, according to said phase.
Grâce au chauffage du carburant, on améliore l'atomisation du jet de carburant à la sortie de l'injecteur et son évaporation dans la chambre de combustion. On favorise ainsi la combustion et on diminue en outre les risques de présence de carburant sur les parois fixes ou mobiles de la chambre, ce qui permet de limiter les risques d'émission de particules. En outre, en prenant en compte les conditions de fonctionnement du moteur pour effectuer ce chauffage, on limite toute consommation d'énergie inutile.  Fuel heating improves the atomization of the fuel jet at the outlet of the injector and its evaporation in the combustion chamber. This promotes combustion and further reduces the risk of presence of fuel on the fixed or moving walls of the chamber, which limits the risk of particle emission. In addition, taking into account the operating conditions of the engine to perform this heating, it limits unnecessary energy consumption.
La phase de fonctionnement du moteur dépend, notamment, des paramètres du carburant, du moteur et de l'environnement extérieur.  The operating phase of the engine depends in particular on the parameters of the fuel, the engine and the external environment.
Selon différents modes de réalisation du procédé conforme à l'invention :  According to different embodiments of the method according to the invention:
- on détermine la phase de fonctionnement du moteur en évaluant un point de fonctionnement dudit moteur et/ou en détectant une de ses phases de vie, notamment une phase de démarrage ;  the operating phase of the engine is determined by evaluating an operating point of said engine and / or by detecting one of its phases of life, in particular a starting phase;
- on contrôle la température du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion ;  the temperature of the fuel is controlled before introduction into the combustion chamber;
- on détecte la ou les phases de fonctionnement susceptibles de générer une émission de particules,  the operation phase (s) which can generate a particle emission are detected,
- on effectue ledit chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion, en cas de détection desdits phases de fonctionnement ;  said heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, in the event of detection of said operating phases;
- on détermine la phase de fonctionnement du moteur en déterminant et/ou en estimant la température et/ou la pression dans la chambre de combustion et on effectue une évaluation d'une température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre, à partir de ladite température et/ou de ladite pression dans la chambre de combustion ; the operating phase of the engine is determined by determining and / or estimating the temperature and / or the pressure in the combustion chamber and an evaluation is made of a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction in the room, to from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber;
- ladite température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre est choisie pour permettre une évaporation instantanée d'au moins une fraction de carburant, lors de son introduction dans la chambre de combustion, de façon à ce que ledit carburant soit introduit dans celle-ci sous la forme d'un jet liquide de carburant dans lequel des poches de vapeur apparaissent lors de l'introduction dans la chambre;  said temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber is chosen to allow instantaneous evaporation of at least one fraction of fuel, when introduced into the combustion chamber, so that said fuel is introduced therein in the form of a liquid jet of fuel in which pockets of vapor appear upon introduction into the chamber;
- on surveille la température du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre de façon à éviter son ébullition;  the temperature of the fuel is monitored before it is introduced into the chamber so as to prevent it from boiling;
- on effectue une étape de sélection de la nature du carburant et on effectue ledit chauffage en prenant en compte la nature de carburant sélectionné.  a step is taken to select the nature of the fuel and said heating is carried out taking into account the nature of the fuel selected.
L'invention concerne également un dispositif de contrôle d'un moteur fonctionnant avec une injection directe de carburant, notamment d'essence, dans une chambre de combustion du moteur comprenant :  The invention also relates to a device for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber of the engine comprising:
- des moyens pour déterminer une phase de fonctionnement du moteur,  means for determining an operating phase of the engine,
- des moyens pour effectuer un chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion, en fonction de ladite phase de fonctionnement.  means for heating the fuel before introduction into the combustion chamber, as a function of said operating phase.
Selon différents modes de réalisation de l'invention,  According to various embodiments of the invention,
- le dispositif comprend une unité de contrôle moteur, ladite unité de contrôle moteur comprenant des premiers moyens de traitement permettant d'établir ladite phase de fonctionnement du moteur à partir d'information reçue par ladite unité de contrôle ;  the device comprises an engine control unit, said engine control unit comprising first processing means making it possible to establish said operating phase of the engine from information received by said control unit;
- les moyens de chauffage comprennent une source de courant, une résistance chauffante et des moyens de mise en communication de ladite source de courant et de ladite résistance chauffante ; - ladite unité de contrôle est reliée auxdits moyens de mise en communication de ladite source de courant et de ladite résistance chauffante et comprend des seconds moyens de traitement permettant d'activer lesdits moyens de mise en communication de ladite source de courant et de ladite résistance chauffante en fonction de la phase de fonctionnement du moteur ; the heating means comprise a current source, a heating resistor and means for placing said source of current in communication with said heating resistor; said control unit is connected to said means for bringing said current source into communication with said heating resistor and comprises second processing means for activating said means for communicating said current source and said heating resistor; depending on the operating phase of the motor;
- le dispositif comprend des moyens de mesure et/ou d'estimation de la pression et/ou de la température dans la chambre de combustion, reliés à ladite unité de contrôle, ladite unité de contrôle comprenant des troisièmes moyens de traitement permettant l'évaluation d'une température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre, à partir de ladite température et/ou de ladite pression dans la chambre de combustion ;  the device comprises means for measuring and / or estimating the pressure and / or the temperature in the combustion chamber, connected to said control unit, said control unit comprising third processing means allowing the evaluation a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber, from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber;
- ledit dispositif comprend des moyens de contrôle de la température du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre de combustion.  said device comprises means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber.
Ledit dispositif est en particulier prévu apte à permettre la mise en œuvre du procédé précédemment décrit.  Said device is in particular provided capable of enabling the implementation of the previously described method.
L'invention concerne encore un ensemble d'un dispositif de contrôle tel que décrit plus haut et d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant du moteur.  The invention further relates to an assembly of a control device as described above and a fuel supply circuit of the engine.
Selon un exemple de réalisation, ledit circuit présente une rampe d'introduction du carburant sous haute pression dans le moteur et les moyens de chauffage dudit dispositif de contrôle sont prévus dans ladite rampe.  According to an exemplary embodiment, said circuit has a ramp for introducing the fuel under high pressure into the engine and the heating means of said control device are provided in said ramp.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière de la description suivante qui n'est donnée qu'à titre indicatif et qui n'a pas pour but de la limiter, accompagnée des dessins joints parmi lesquels :  The invention will be better understood in the light of the following description which is given only as an indication and which is not intended to limit it, accompanied by the appended drawings among which:
- la figure 1 illustre les phénomènes intervenant dans un jet de carburant lors de la mise en œuvre d'un exemple de réalisation du procédé conforme à l'invention,  FIG. 1 illustrates the phenomena involved in a fuel jet during the implementation of an exemplary embodiment of the process according to the invention,
- la figure 2 illustre de façon schématique un exemple de réalisation du dispositif conforme à l'invention.  - Figure 2 schematically illustrates an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
L'invention concerne tout d'abord un procédé de contrôle d'un moteur fonctionnant avec une injection directe de carburant, notamment d'essence, dans une chambre de combustion du moteur, visant à diminuer la quantité de particules émises par le moteur. Il s'agira, notamment, de moteurs à injection stratifiée. The invention relates first of all to a method for controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, in a combustion chamber of the engine, to reduce the amount of particles emitted by the engine. This will include, in particular, stratified injection engines.
Par particules, on entend les composés solides formés pendant la combustion ayant lieu dans la chambre de combustion. Autrement dit, il s'agit des produits solides de la réaction chimique intervenant entre le carburant et le comburant dans la chambre de combustion provenant, notamment, de fractions de carburant liquide soumis à des températures élevées.  By particles is meant the solid compounds formed during combustion occurring in the combustion chamber. In other words, it is the solid products of the chemical reaction occurring between the fuel and the oxidant in the combustion chamber from, in particular, fractions of liquid fuel subjected to high temperatures.
Selon l'invention, on détermine une phase de fonctionnement du moteur, notamment point de fonctionnement et/ou phase de vie, et on effectue un chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion, en fonction de la phase de fonctionnement relevée.  According to the invention, an operating phase of the engine is determined, in particular the operating point and / or the life phase, and heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, as a function of the operating phase noted.
Pour optimiser un tel chauffage, on pourra contrôler la température du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion. On pourra en particulier contrôler cette température en fonction de la pression du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion et de la pression dans la chambre de combustion de façon à simultanément favoriser l'évaporation du carburant dans la chambre de combustion et éviter l'ébullition du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre, notamment de ses fractions légères.  To optimize such heating, it will be possible to control the temperature of the fuel before introduction into the combustion chamber. In particular, this temperature can be controlled as a function of the fuel pressure before introduction into the combustion chamber and the pressure in the combustion chamber so as simultaneously to promote the evaporation of the fuel in the combustion chamber and to avoid boiling. fuel before its introduction into the chamber, including its light fractions.
On pourra aussi, notamment dans le cas d'un contrôle de la température du carburant avant injection dans la chambre de combustion, déterminer la température et/ou la pression dans celle-ci et effectuer une évaluation d'une température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre, à partir de ladite température et/ou de ladite pression dans la chambre de combustion.  It will also be possible, particularly in the case of a control of the temperature of the fuel before injection into the combustion chamber, to determine the temperature and / or the pressure therein and to make an evaluation of a temperature and / or pressure at which fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber, from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber.
Selon un mode particulier de mise en œuvre, on détecte la ou les phases de fonctionnement susceptibles de générer une émission de particules et on effectue ledit chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion, en cas de détection desdits phases de fonctionnement. On optimise ainsi les périodes de chauffage du carburant. Une telle détection pourra avoir lieu, par exemple, en contrôlant la vitesse de remplissage d'un filtre à particules prévus à l'échappement du moteur. Il pourra également avoir lieu grâce à une cartographie associant des conditions de température et/ou de pression dans la chambre de combustion et/ou des conditions extérieures à des conditions d'émission de particules. According to a particular mode of implementation, the operating phase or phases capable of generating a particle emission are detected and said heating of the fuel is carried out before introduction into the combustion chamber, in the event of detection of said operating phases. This optimizes the heating periods of the fuel. Such detection may take place, for example, by controlling the filling speed of a particulate filter provided in the exhaust of the engine. It may also take place by means of mapping associating temperature and / or pressure conditions in the combustion chamber and / or conditions outside the particle emission conditions.
Ladite température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre est choisie pour permettre l'apparition d'un phénomène connu en anglais sous le nom de « flash boiling » lors de l'introduction du carburant dans la chambre.  Said temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber is chosen to allow the occurrence of a phenomenon known in English as "flash boiling" when introducing the fuel into the chamber .
Comme illustré à la figure 1 , par « flash boiling », on entend une évaporation instantanée d'au moins une fraction de carburant, lors de son injection dans la chambre de combustion, de façon à ce que ledit carburant soit introduit dans celle-ci sous la forme d'un jet liquide 1 de carburant dans lequel des poches 2 de vapeur apparaissent lors de l'introduction dans la chambre.  As illustrated in FIG. 1, flash boiling is understood to mean instantaneous evaporation of at least one fraction of fuel, when it is injected into the combustion chamber, so that said fuel is introduced into it. in the form of a liquid jet 1 of fuel in which pockets 2 of steam appear on introduction into the chamber.
Une telle vaporisation est rendue possible en raison de échauffement du carburant combinée à une brusque variation entre la pression du carburant avant et après introduction dans la chambre.  Such vaporization is made possible due to fuel heating combined with an abrupt variation between the fuel pressure before and after introduction into the chamber.
Un tel mode d'injection présente l'avantage d'augmenter l'angle d'injection du carburant dans la chambre d'injection grâce à une vaporisation instantanée dès l'introduction du carburant dans la chambre. Il permet également une meilleure atomisation du jet et la diminution des tailles de gouttes de carburant, ce qui conduit à l'augmentation de la fraction vaporisée de carburant à durée et conditions d'injection identiques par rapport à une injection à une température inférieure. De même, il permet de diminuer la pénétration du jet de carburant dans la chambre. Au final, il diminue le risque de présence de carburant liquide sur les parois fixes ou mobiles de la chambre et augmente la fraction de carburant sous forme vapeur au début de la combustion.  Such an injection mode has the advantage of increasing the injection angle of the fuel into the injection chamber by instantaneous vaporization as soon as the fuel is introduced into the chamber. It also allows a better atomization of the jet and the decrease of the sizes of fuel drops, which leads to the increase of the vaporized fraction of fuel with identical duration and injection conditions compared to an injection at a lower temperature. Likewise, it makes it possible to reduce the penetration of the fuel jet into the chamber. In the end, it reduces the risk of liquid fuel being present on the fixed or moving walls of the chamber and increases the fraction of fuel in vapor form at the beginning of the combustion.
Pour l'obtention d'un tel mode, on pourra contrôler : les conditions de température et de pression du jet à la sortie de l'injecteur utilisé pour l'injection du carburant dans la chambre d'injection, To obtain such a mode, we can control: the temperature and pressure conditions of the jet at the outlet of the injector used for injecting the fuel into the injection chamber,
les conditions de température et de pression autour du jet dans la chambre de combustion au moment de l'injection. the temperature and pressure conditions around the jet in the combustion chamber at the time of injection.
Selon un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, on effectue une étape de sélection de la nature du carburant et on effectue ledit chauffage en prenant en compte la nature de carburant sélectionné. Il pourra s'agir, par exemple, d'essence, d'alcool, tel que de l'éthanol, ou d'essence comprenant une plus ou moins grande partie d'éthanol. According to an exemplary implementation of the invention, a step is taken to select the nature of the fuel and said heating is carried out taking into account the selected fuel nature. It may be, for example, gasoline, alcohol, such as ethanol, or gasoline comprising a greater or lesser amount of ethanol.
Comme illustré à la figure 2, l'invention concerne aussi un dispositif de contrôle d'un moteur fonctionnant avec une injection directe de carburant, notamment d'essence, dans une chambre 3 de combustion du moteur.  As illustrated in Figure 2, the invention also relates to a control device of an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, including gasoline, into a combustion chamber 3 of the engine.
Ledit dispositif comprend des moyens pour déterminer une phase de fonctionnement du moteur et des moyens pour effectuer un chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion, en fonction de ladite phase de fonctionnement.  Said device comprises means for determining an operating phase of the engine and means for heating the fuel before introduction into the combustion chamber, according to said operating phase.
Selon un exemple de mise en œuvre, il comprend une unité de contrôle moteur 4. On entend pas là une unité de contrôle des paramètres de fonctionnement du moteur tels que, la quantité de carburant et/ou d'air admis dans la chambre ainsi que l'avance à l'allumage, c'est-à-dire, le moment à laquelle le mélange air/carburant est enflammé par rapport à une valeur de l'angle de rotation d'un vilebrequin du moteur.  According to an exemplary implementation, it comprises a motor control unit 4. It does not mean there a control unit of the engine operating parameters such as, the amount of fuel and / or air admitted into the chamber as well as the ignition timing, i.e., the moment at which the air / fuel mixture is ignited relative to a value of the rotation angle of a crankshaft of the engine.
Ladite unité de contrôle moteur 4 comprend, par exemple, des premiers moyens de traitement permettant d'établir ladite phase de fonctionnement du moteur à partir d'informations reçues par ladite unité de contrôle 4.  Said engine control unit 4 comprises, for example, first processing means for establishing said operating phase of the engine from information received by said control unit 4.
Lesdits moyens pour déterminer une phase de fonctionnement du moteur sont prévus aptes à exploiter ladite unité de contrôle 4, par exemple, pour déterminer la ou les phases de fonctionnement du moteur susceptibles de générer une émission de particules, par exemple à partir de cartographies du moteur, notamment en fonction de la température et/ou de la pression dans la chambre de combustion et/ou d'autres informations telles que la vitesse de remplissage d'un filtre à particules, prévu à l'échappement du moteur, et/ou des conditions extérieures. Ils pourront encore l'exploiter pour obtenir une information relative à une phase de vie du moteur. Said means for determining an operating phase of the engine are provided capable of operating said control unit 4, for example, to determine the operating phase or phases of the engine capable of generating a particle emission, for example from mappings of the engine, in particular as a function of the temperature and / or the pressure in the combustion chamber and / or other information such as the filling speed of a particulate filter, provided at the exhaust of the engine, and / or external conditions. They will still be able to exploit it to obtain information relating to a phase of engine life.
Les moyens de chauffage comprennent une source de courant 5, une résistance chauffante 6 et des moyens 7 de mise en communication de ladite source de courant et de ladite résistance chauffante.  The heating means comprise a current source 5, a heating resistor 6 and means 7 for communicating said current source and said heating resistor.
Ladite unité de contrôle 4 pourra alors être reliée auxdits moyens 7 de mise en communication de ladite source de courant 5 et de ladite résistance chauffante 6 et comprendre des seconds moyens de traitement permettant d'activer lesdits moyens 7 de mise en communication de ladite source de courant et de ladite résistance chauffante en fonction de ladite phase de fonctionnement du moteur.  Said control unit 4 can then be connected to said means 7 for placing said power source 5 in communication with said heating resistor 6 and comprise second processing means enabling said communication means 7 to be put in communication with said source of power. current and said heating resistor according to said operating phase of the motor.
Ledit dispositif pourra aussi comprendre des moyens, notamment capteurs, de mesure de la pression et/ou de la température dans la chambre de combustion, reliés à ladite unité de contrôle 4. Ladite unité de contrôle 4 comprend alors des troisièmes moyens de traitement permettant le calcul d'une température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre, à partir de ladite température et/ou de ladite pression dans la chambre de combustion.  Said device may also comprise means, in particular sensors, for measuring the pressure and / or the temperature in the combustion chamber, connected to said control unit 4. Said control unit 4 then comprises third processing means allowing the calculating a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber, from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber.
Selon un exemple de mise en œuvre, le dispositif conforme à l'invention comprend encore des moyens de contrôle de la température du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre de combustion.  According to an exemplary implementation, the device according to the invention further comprises means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber.
Lesdits moyens de contrôle de la température du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre de combustion comprennent, par exemple, des moyens de mesure, notamment capteurs 10, de la température et/ou de la pression du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre de combustion. Ces derniers sont reliés à ladite unité de contrôle 4. Lesdits moyens de contrôle de la température du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre de combustion pourront aussi faire appel à l'unité de contrôle moteur 4 pour disposer de la température déterminée par lesdits troisième moyens de traitement et effectuer de la sorte une régulation en température. Said means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber comprise, for example, measuring means, in particular sensors 10, for the temperature and / or the pressure of the fuel before it is introduced into the combustion chamber. . These are connected to said control unit 4. Said means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber may also call on the engine control unit 4 to have the temperature determined by said third processing means and thereby effect a temperature control.
Ils pourront encore être prévus apte à contrôler la température du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre de façon à éviter son ébullition.  They may also be provided able to control the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the chamber so as to avoid boiling.
Le dispositif conforme à l'invention pourra encore comprendre des moyens de sélection de la nature du carburant, lesdits troisième moyens de traitement de l'unité de contrôle moteur 4 étant alors prévue aptes à prendre en compte la nature de carburant sélectionné dans leur détermination de la température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre.  The device according to the invention may further comprise means for selecting the nature of the fuel, said third processing means of the engine control unit 4 then being designed able to take into account the nature of fuel selected in their determination of the temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber.
L'invention concerne encore un ensemble d'un dispositif de contrôle tels que décrit plus haut et d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant du moteur.  The invention further relates to an assembly of a control device as described above and a fuel supply circuit of the engine.
Si l'on se reporte de nouveau à la figure 2, on constate que ledit circuit comprend, par exemple, un réservoir de carburant 1 1 , des injecteurs 12 permettant l'introduction du carburant dans la ou les chambres de combustion 3 du moteur ainsi qu'une ligne d'alimentation 15, reliant le réservoir 1 1 et les injecteurs 12. Une pompe 16 est prévue le long de ladite ligne d'alimentation 15 pour faire passer le carburant sous haute pression.  Referring back to FIG. 2, it can be seen that said circuit comprises, for example, a fuel tank 11, injectors 12 allowing the fuel to be introduced into the combustion chamber or chambers 3 of the engine as well as a supply line 15, connecting the tank 1 1 and the injectors 12. A pump 16 is provided along said feed line 15 for passing the fuel under high pressure.
Les capteurs 10 de pression et/ou de température du carburant avant son introduction dans la ou les chambres de combustion sont placés en aval de ladite pompe 16. Ils pourront aussi en être prévus en amont.  The sensors 10 of pressure and / or temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber or chambers are placed downstream of said pump 16. They may also be provided upstream.
Ladite unité de contrôle 4 pourra être prévue apte à piloter lesdits injecteurs 12 et/ou ladite pompe 16.  Said control unit 4 may be provided capable of controlling said injectors 12 and / or said pump 16.
Selon l'exemple de réalisation illustré, ledit circuit présente une rampe According to the exemplary embodiment illustrated, said circuit has a ramp
17 d'introduction du carburant sous haute pression dans le moteur et les moyens de chauffage, notamment ladite résistance chauffante 5, sont prévus dans ladite rampe 17. 17 of introduction of the fuel under high pressure into the engine and the heating means, in particular said heating resistor 5, are provided in said ramp 17.
Selon une alternative, non-représentée, la résistance chauffante pourra être prévue dans les injecteurs. En particulier dans le cas de la mise en œuvre de l'invention avec le mode de réalisation où l'on recherche à obtenir un phénomène de flash boiling, on pourra utiliser des injecteurs 12 configurés pour éviter une cavitation du carburant dans l'injecteur. En effet, si une telle cavitation peut éventuellement permettre une évaporation du carburant, elle entraine cependant une réduction de la section efficace de l'injecteur. Au contraire, avec le flash boiling, on assiste à une évaporation dans jet, c'est-à-dire en aval du ou des injecteurs 12. According to an alternative, not shown, the heating resistor may be provided in the injectors. In particular in the case of the implementation of the invention with the embodiment where it is sought to obtain a boiling flash phenomenon, it will be possible to use injectors 12 configured to prevent cavitation of the fuel in the injector. Indeed, if such a cavitation may possibly allow evaporation of the fuel, it causes, however, a reduction of the effective cross section of the injector. On the contrary, with the boiling flash, there is evaporation in jet, that is to say downstream of the injector (s) 12.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Procédé de contrôle d'un moteur fonctionnant avec une injection directe de carburant, notamment d'essence, dans une chambre de combustion (3) du moteur, procédé dans lequel : 1. A method of controlling an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber (3) of the engine, in which process:
- on détermine une phase de fonctionnement du moteur,  an operation phase of the motor is determined,
- on effectue un chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion (3), en fonction de ladite phase.  - Heating the fuel before introduction into the combustion chamber (3), according to said phase.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 dans lequel on contrôle la température du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion.  2. Method according to claim 1 wherein the temperature of the fuel is controlled before introduction into the combustion chamber.
3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2 dans lequel :  3. Method according to any one of claims 1 or 2 wherein:
- on détecte la ou les phases de fonctionnement susceptibles de générer une émission de particules,  the operation phase (s) which can generate a particle emission are detected,
- on effectue ledit chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion (3), en cas de détection desdites phases de fonctionnement.  - Heating said fuel before introduction into the combustion chamber (3), in case of detection of said operating phases.
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 dans lequel on détermine la ou lesdites phases de fonctionnement du moteur en déterminant et/ou estimant la température et/ou la pression dans la chambre de combustion (3) et on effectue une évaluation d'une température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre (3), à partir de ladite température et/ou de ladite pression dans la chambre de combustion (3).  4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said operation phase or phases of the engine by determining and / or estimating the temperature and / or pressure in the combustion chamber (3) and performs a evaluating a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber (3), from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber (3).
5. Procédé selon la revendication 4 dans lequel ladite température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre est choisie pour permettre une évaporation instantanée d'au moins une fraction de carburant, lors de son introduction dans la chambre de combustion (3), de façon à ce que ledit carburant soit introduit dans celle-ci sous la forme d'un jet liquide (1 ) de carburant dans lequel des poches de vapeur (2) apparaissent lors de l'introduction dans la chambre. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein said temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel is to be carried before introduction into the chamber is chosen to allow instantaneous evaporation of at least a fraction of fuel, when introduced into the chamber combustion device (3), so that said fuel is introduced therein in the form of a liquid jet (1) of fuel in which pockets of vapor (2) appear when introduced into the chamber .
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel on surveille la température du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion (3) de façon à éviter son ébullition. 6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the temperature of the fuel is monitored before introduction into the combustion chamber (3) so as to avoid boiling.
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 dans lequel on effectue une étape de sélection de la nature du carburant et on effectue ledit chauffage en prenant en compte la nature de carburant sélectionné.  7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein a step of selecting the nature of the fuel is carried out and said heating is carried out taking into account the selected fuel nature.
8. Dispositif de contrôle d'un moteur fonctionnant avec une injection directe de carburant, notamment d'essence, dans une chambre de combustion (3) du moteur comprenant :  8. Control device for an engine operating with a direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, into a combustion chamber (3) of the engine comprising:
- des moyens pour déterminer une phase de fonctionnement du moteur,  means for determining an operating phase of the engine,
- des moyens pour effectuer un chauffage du carburant avant introduction dans la chambre de combustion, en fonction de ladite phase de fonctionnement.  means for heating the fuel before introduction into the combustion chamber, as a function of said operating phase.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 comprenant une unité de contrôle moteur (4), ladite unité de contrôle moteur comprenant des premiers moyens de traitement permettant d'établir ladite phase de fonctionnement du moteur à partir d'information reçue par ladite unité de contrôle.  9. Device according to claim 8 comprising an engine control unit (4), said engine control unit comprising first processing means for establishing said operating phase of the engine from information received by said control unit.
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 dans lequel les moyens de chauffage comprennent une source de courant (5), une résistance chauffante (6) et des moyens (7) de mise en communication de ladite source de courant et de ladite résistance chauffante.  10. Device according to claim 9 wherein the heating means comprise a current source (5), a heating resistor (6) and means (7) for communicating said current source and said heating resistor.
1 1 . Dispositif selon la revendication 10 dans lequel ladite unité de contrôle (4) est reliée auxdits moyens (7) de mise en communication de ladite source de courant et de ladite résistance chauffante et comprend des seconds moyens de traitement permettant d'activer lesdits moyens (7) de mise en communication de ladite source de courant et de ladite résistance chauffante, en fonction de ladite phase de fonctionnement du moteur.  1 1. Device according to claim 10 wherein said control unit (4) is connected to said means (7) for placing said current source and said heating resistor in communication and comprises second processing means for activating said means (7). ) of placing said current source and said heating resistor in communication, as a function of said operating phase of the motor.
12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 1 1 comprenant des moyens de mesure et/ou d'estimation de la pression et/ou de la température dans la chambre de combustion, reliés à ladite unité de contrôle, ladite unité de contrôle comprenant des troisièmes moyens de traitement permettant l'évaluation d'une température et/ou pression à laquelle le carburant doit être porté avant introduction dans la chambre, à partir de ladite température et/ou de ladite pression dans la chambre de combustion. 12. Device according to any one of claims 10 or 1 1 comprising means for measuring and / or estimating the pressure and / or the temperature in the combustion chamber, connected to said control unit, said control unit comprising third processing means for evaluating a temperature and / or pressure at which the fuel must be carried before introduction into the chamber, from said temperature and / or said pressure in the combustion chamber.
13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12 comprenant des moyens de contrôle de la température du carburant avant son introduction dans la chambre de combustion.  13. Device according to any one of claims 8 to 12 comprising means for controlling the temperature of the fuel before its introduction into the combustion chamber.
14. Ensemble d'un dispositif de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 13 et d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant du moteur.  14. An assembly of a control device according to any one of claims 8 to 13 and a fuel supply circuit of the engine.
15. Ensemble selon la revendication 14 dans lequel ledit circuit présente une rampe d'introduction (17) du carburant sous haute pression dans le moteur et les moyens de chauffage dudit dispositif de contrôle sont prévus dans ladite rampe.  15. The assembly of claim 14 wherein said circuit has a ramp for introducing fuel (17) under high pressure into the engine and the heating means of said control device are provided in said ramp.
PCT/FR2011/051526 2010-06-30 2011-06-30 Method for reducing particulate emissions on a direct-injection petrol engine WO2012001310A1 (en)

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EP11743271.6A EP2588739A1 (en) 2010-06-30 2011-06-30 Method for reducing particulate emissions on a direct-injection petrol engine
CN201180032622.7A CN103026041B (en) 2010-06-30 2011-06-30 For reducing the method for the particle emission on toroidal swirl type petrol engine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1002764A FR2962170B1 (en) 2010-06-30 2010-06-30 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING AN ENGINE, AN ASSEMBLY OF SUCH A DEVICE AND A FUEL SUPPLY CIRCUIT FOR THE ENGINE
FR1002764 2010-06-30

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FR2962170B1 (en) 2013-05-10
EP2588739A1 (en) 2013-05-08
FR2962170A1 (en) 2012-01-06
CN103026041A (en) 2013-04-03
CN103026041B (en) 2015-11-25

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