WO2011158769A1 - 非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカー、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎を検出および/または鑑別する方法およびそれらに用いるキット - Google Patents
非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカー、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎を検出および/または鑑別する方法およびそれらに用いるキット Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/573—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for enzymes or isoenzymes
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
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- G01N2333/91188—Transferases (2.) transferring nitrogenous groups (2.6)
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/08—Hepato-biliairy disorders other than hepatitis
- G01N2800/085—Liver diseases, e.g. portal hypertension, fibrosis, cirrhosis, bilirubin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a marker for detection and / or differentiation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a method for detecting and / or differentiation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and a kit used therefor.
- the present invention relates to a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis detection and / or differential marker suitable for detection of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and differential diagnosis from fatty liver, which has heretofore been difficult to diagnose except by liver biopsy.
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting and / or differentiating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and a kit used therefor.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver (simple fatty liver) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that progresses to cirrhosis and liver cancer with fibrosis. ).
- NASH is a relatively new disease concept proposed by Ludwig et al. In the 1980s (Non-patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 2 NASH is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States. In Japan in the 1990s, obesity and diabetes have been increasing, and this disease, which is associated with liver fat accumulation and liver damage, has been taken up despite the fact that alcohol consumption and hepatitis virus are negative. This disease is common among obese people and is strongly associated with insulin resistance. However, in recent years, it is regarded as a liver disease that progresses independently of other lifestyle diseases such as diabetes.
- NASH is a progressive disease ranging from hepatitis to cirrhosis, and requires medical intervention at an earlier stage prior to poorly reversible cirrhosis.
- simple fatty liver occupying most of NAFLD is rich in reversibility and may be said to be benign.
- NAFLD can generally be diagnosed by a combination of conventional clinical tests, for example, blood liver-related enzyme measurement, abdominal echo, and abdominal CT.
- NASH is regarded as a disease that is difficult to detect by such a method.
- other liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, it can be detected or differentiated by the presence or absence of viral antigens and antiviral antibodies in patient specimens, and diagnostic criteria have been established.
- Non-patent Document 3 a method of diagnosing NASH by combining conventional diagnostic markers (blood diagnostic markers ALT, AST, race, diabetes, etc.) and combining them into a score.
- non-patent Document 4 a method of diagnosing NASH by combining conventional diagnostic markers (blood diagnostic markers ALT, AST, race, diabetes, etc.) and combining them into a score.
- non-NASH ratio is higher in the determination of “intermediate” and “low” in the risk, but conversely, in these determinations, nearly 30% of the cases include NASH patients.
- a method for distinguishing NASH by ultrasonic diagnosis has been studied (Non-patent Document 4).
- the present invention detects and / or differentiates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis detection and / or differentiation marker that has been difficult to distinguish by means other than liver biopsy. It is to provide methods and kits for use in them.
- alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT in the present specification) is contained in serum derived from a patient with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
- the level of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase can be a marker for the detection and / or differentiation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
- the headline and the present invention were completed. That is, the present invention [1].
- Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis detection and / or differentiation marker comprising alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase; [2].
- a method for detecting and / or differentiating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by measuring alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase in a specimen [3]. Compare the level of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase in the sample with the level of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase in the sample from a healthy person, and if the level is high, determine non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- a method for detecting and / or differentiating alcoholic steatohepatitis [4].
- Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase is measured by immunoassay using an antibody that specifically binds to alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, or by measuring the enzyme activity of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase. 2] or the method according to [3]; [5]. The method according to any one of [2] to [4] above, wherein the sample is a blood-derived sample; [6].
- a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis detection and / or differentiation kit comprising an antibody that specifically binds to alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, or a reagent for measuring the enzymatic activity of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase; [7].
- alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase as a marker for the detection and / or differentiation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; And [8]. It relates to alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase for use as a marker for detection and / or differentiation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
- the sample may be a sample that can be collected from a patient as easily as serum.
- liver biopsy with normal hospitalization has been essential for the definitive diagnosis of NASH.
- the diagnostic agent It can be applied to uses in the diagnostic field including Unlike benign simple fatty liver, NASH has been linked to liver cirrhosis and progressive progress from hepatitis, and the relationship between carcinogenesis has also been pointed out, so there is a great need for a definitive diagnosis of NASH.
- the detection and / or differentiation marker for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis of the present invention non-alcoholic steatohepatitis can be detected and / or differentiated with high accuracy.
- the marker for detection and / or differentiation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in the present invention is alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase.
- detection of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis refers to examining and determining the presence or absence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis itself
- differentiation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis refers to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and other than that It refers to distinguishing and distinguishing diseases such as simple fatty liver.
- AGXT is one of aminotransferases that convert alanine and glyoxylic acid into pyruvate and glycine represented by EC 2.6.1.44.
- AGXT is known to show extremely limited expression in the liver in the living body (Clin. Biochem., Vol. 18, October 1985, 311-316).
- the presence or absence of the above-mentioned NASH detection and / or differentiation marker protein AGXT is detected or the amount thereof is detected to detect the onset of NASH, Alternatively, NASH can be differentiated from liver diseases other than NASH, such as simple fatty liver.
- the level of AGXT in a specimen is compared with the level of AGXT in a specimen derived from a healthy person.
- the method of the present invention comprises, for example, (i) measuring the level of AGXT in a suitable sample from the individual to be diagnosed, then (ii) the measured value level and an apparently healthy individual ( It is characterized by comprising a step of comparing the level (normal level, normal concentration range) corresponding to normal individuals. If the measured value of AGXT is high, deviating from the normal level, NASH is suspected.
- alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase can be used as a marker for detection and / or differentiation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
- Samples that can be used in the present invention include blood-derived samples collected from patients suspected of having NASH disease, such as serum, plasma, blood, or urine.
- the sample is preferably a blood-derived sample.
- the specimen is particularly preferably a specimen of a patient who has been found not to have viral hepatitis and is a patient who is not known to be a simple fatty liver patient or NASH patient.
- detection of the presence or absence of AGXT or measurement of the amount thereof can in principle be performed by any currently known method that provides satisfactory sensitivity, accuracy, specificity and the like.
- measurement of AGXT as a protein by an immunoassay and measurement of AGXT activity as an enzyme by an enzyme method can be exemplified.
- An immunoassay method is preferable from the viewpoint of high measurement sensitivity and specific measurement.
- the immunoassay method involves contacting a specimen that may contain AGXT with an anti-AGXT antibody under conditions capable of forming an immune complex composed of AGXT and an antibody that specifically binds to AGXT (anti-AGXT antibody).
- the formed complex can be measured by a known method to obtain a quantitative or qualitative measurement value of the AGXT level in the specimen, in other words, a measurement value of the AGXT level in the specimen.
- the immune complex can be measured as it is, or it can be measured by labeling it with an analytically detectable substance (labeled substance), and the labeled substance is specific to the immune complex. Can be incorporated into.
- the immunoassay examples include a method for measuring a conventionally known protein using a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody against AGXT which is a marker protein for detection and / or differentiation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis of the present invention.
- immunoassays include enzyme immunoassay (EIA method), immunoturbidimetric assay (TIA method), latex immunoagglutination (LATEX method), electrochemiluminescence method, fluorescence method, Western blotting method, etc. can do.
- EIA method enzyme immunoassay
- TIA method immunoturbidimetric assay
- LATEX method latex immunoagglutination
- electrochemiluminescence method fluorescence method
- Western blotting method etc.
- immunochromatography and methods using test paper are also effective. Any of these methods are known to those skilled in the art, and these known methods can be employed as they are.
- an antibody that can be used for the immunoassay a commercially available antibody (for example, a rabbit anti-human AGXT antibody manufactured by ABGENT) can be used. Moreover, the polyclonal antibody and monoclonal antibody which are produced by the method already used widely are mentioned.
- the AGXT antigen for producing the antibody may be obtained by purification from human blood, but the known amino acid sequence of AGXT and the gene sequence encoding it (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 176 (3) : 1093-1099, July 1991; Genomics, 10 (1): 34-42, July 1991), or may be synthesized by chemical synthesis using known peptide synthesis techniques. May be.
- a monoclonal antibody against AGXT is bound directly or indirectly to a solid phase known per se such as polystyrene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene, nylon, polymethacrylate, etc., using physical bonds, chemical bonds, or affinity.
- the amount of sensitizing antibody is usually in the range of 1 ng to 100 mg / ml.
- a sample is added to a monoclonal antibody bound to a solid phase by physical bonding, chemical bonding, affinity, or the like, and allowed to react.
- the solid phase is washed, and a corresponding secondary labeled antibody (for example, anti-AGXT secondary labeled antibody) is added, followed by further secondary reaction.
- a corresponding secondary labeled antibody for example, anti-AGXT secondary labeled antibody
- the solid phase is washed again and reacted with a DAB chromogenic substrate.
- HRP labeling substance
- known DAB, TMB, etc. can be used as the substrate, and the labeling substance is not limited to this.
- the labeling substance is not limited to this.
- the labeling substance not only enzymes, but also distinguishable materials such as gold colloids, europium-labeled metals, various chemical and biological fluorescent materials such as FITC, rhodamine, Texas Red, Alexa and GFP, and radioactive materials such as 32 P and 51 Cr Is mentioned.
- AGXT When measuring AGXT by Western blotting, AGXT is separated from various substances in the specimen by combining the excellent resolution of gel electrophoresis and the high specificity of the antigen-antibody reaction, and the detection or the amount thereof is measured. Specifically, the specimen is first subjected to SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing, and two-dimensional electrophoresis, and then AGXT is electrically transferred and immobilized from the gel to the membrane to produce a blot (membrane). .
- the membrane it is preferable to use highly hydrophobic nitrocellulose, which easily binds to proteins, or PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride), which is further excellent in hydrophobicity.
- Detection methods include a system using an enzyme and a system using fluorescence.
- a secondary antibody labeled with ALP, HRP, or the like is reacted with the primary antibody and detected by color development or chemiluminescence due to enzyme activity.
- chemiluminescence exposure to X-ray film or chemiluminescence can be detected, and AGXT can be detected by a scanner or its level can be measured.
- fluorescence method it is also possible to quantify using a secondary antibody labeled with Cy3 or Cy5.
- Examples of a method for measuring AGXT activity as an enzyme by an enzymatic method include a method of measuring AGXT activity by reacting AGXT with its substrate and measuring a product produced. Specifically, a method is used in which alanine and glyoxylic acid as substrates are used as essential components, and in some cases, an enzymatic reaction is performed in the presence of pyridoxal phosphate to measure the pyruvic acid produced.
- lactate dehydrogenase and NADH are allowed to act on the pyruvic acid
- NADH NADH
- pyruvic acid is phosphated and pyruvic acid
- Examples thereof include an oxidation method in which oxidase is allowed to act to measure pyruvic acid by measuring generated hydrogen peroxide.
- lactate dehydrogenase and NADH are allowed to act on pyruvic acid, and the reaction solution is irradiated with UV light having a wavelength of 340 nm that is absorbed by NADH, and the reduction amount of NADH is measured based on the rate of decrease in absorbance. Pyruvate can be measured.
- the amount of hydrogen peroxide is preferably measured by using peroxidase and a substrate that develops color by oxidation, and measuring the produced dye.
- the substrate that develops color by oxidation include a single compound substrate that develops color by oxidation, a substrate in which a Trinder reagent is combined with 4-aminoantipyrine, and the like.
- N-carboxymethylaminocarbonyl) -4,4′-bis (dimethylamino) -diphenylamine sodium salt DA-64
- 10- (carboxymethylaminocarbonyl) -3,7 Leuco dyes such as bis (dimethylamino) -phenothiazine sodium salt (DA-67), N, N, N′N ′, N ′′, N ′′ -hexa (3-sulfopropyl) -4,4 ′, 4 ′′ , -Triamino-triphenylmethane hexasodium salt (TPM-PS), or orthophenylenediamine (OPD)
- TPM-PS Triamino-triphenylmethane hexasodium salt
- OPD orthophenylenediamine
- Trinder reagent include phenol derivatives and aniline derivatives.
- aminoantipyrine derivatives As the compound corresponding to 4-aminoantipyrine, aminoantipyrine derivatives, vanillin diamine sulfonic acid, methylbenzthiazolinone hydrazone (MBTH), sulfonated methylbenzthiazolinone hydrazone (SMBTH), and the like can also be used.
- MBTH methylbenzthiazolinone hydrazone
- SMBTH sulfonated methylbenzthiazolinone hydrazone
- the method for detecting and / or differentiating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis according to the present invention includes, for example, an antibody that specifically binds at least AGXT (anti-AGXT antibody) as a reagent component, or a reagent for measuring the enzyme activity of AGXT.
- the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis containing can be implemented by a kit for detection and / or differentiation.
- the anti-AGXT antibody can be used as a reagent component of the kit in a form bound to a water-insoluble carrier such as a microplate.
- kits include, for example, a secondary antibody such as an anti-human immunoglobulin antibody, and this secondary antibody is an enzyme immunoassay method, a radioimmunoassay method, a fluorescence immunoassay method, a chemiluminescence immunity method to be employed.
- a secondary antibody such as an anti-human immunoglobulin antibody
- this secondary antibody is an enzyme immunoassay method, a radioimmunoassay method, a fluorescence immunoassay method, a chemiluminescence immunity method to be employed.
- a label such as an enzyme, a radioisotope, a fluorescent substance, or a chemiluminescent substance are used.
- a surfactant, a buffering agent and the like may be added as appropriate.
- Examples of the reagent for measuring the enzyme activity of AGXT include an AGXT substrate, a reagent for measuring a product produced by a reaction with the substrate, and the like.
- a reagent for example, a reagent containing alanine and glyoxylic acid as substrates and a component for measuring pyruvic acid to be produced as essential components and optionally containing pyridoxal phosphate can be used.
- Components for measuring pyruvate include lactate dehydrogenase and NADH in the case of the reduction method, and components for measuring phosphate, pyruvate oxidase and hydrogen peroxide in the case of the oxidation method. Can do.
- Components for measuring hydrogen peroxide can include peroxidase and a substrate that develops color when oxidized.
- the substrate that develops color by oxidation include a single compound substrate that develops color by oxidation as exemplified above, a Trinder reagent, 4-aminoantipyrine, and the like.
- NASH can be detected and / or differentiated by detecting the presence or absence of AGXT in a sample obtained from a patient suspected of NASH.
- the method of the present invention can discriminate between healthy subjects and NASH patients, and can discriminate between FL patients and NASH patients, which has heretofore been difficult except for liver biopsy.
- Example 1 NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) and FL (simple fatty liver) patients, AGXT (Alanine-Glyoxylate aminotransferase, alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase) levels in the serum of healthy volunteers 18 healthy volunteers (10 males) And 8 females), 9 FL patients (4 males and 5 females), and 17 NASH patients (8 males and 9 females), the serum AGXT value was determined by the method described below. It was measured. When comparing healthy subjects, NASH patients, and FL patients, a comparison without statistically large bias is made on gender, age, and BMI (Body Mass Index).
- BMI Body Mass Index
- Healthy human serum is obtained by collecting fasting serum from volunteers who received written consent among health checkup participants. All NASH patients are confirmed diagnoses by liver biopsy of test hospitalized patients, and consent and fasting serum are obtained at that time.
- the FL patients are those whose fatty liver findings were found in the liver by liver biopsy or liver echocardiography, and consent and fasting serum were obtained.
- the protein separated by SDS-PAGE was transferred to a PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride) membrane.
- PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride
- the PVDF film after the transfer was cut into a predetermined size and subjected to Ponceau S staining to check for transfer unevenness. Subsequently, the PVDF membrane was blocked by soaking it in 0.05% skim milk-PBS-T (Phosphate with Tween 20) at 4 ° C. overnight, followed by washing in PBS-T for 10 minutes at room temperature, and washing was repeated three times.
- skim milk-PBS-T Phosphate with Tween 20
- the washed PVDF membrane was incubated in PBS in which a rabbit anti-human AGXT antibody (ABGENT) was dissolved at room temperature for 1 hour, and then immersed in PBS-T for 5 minutes at room temperature and washed three times.
- a luminescence signal was detected using a FEMTOGLOW western blotting luminescence reagent (Michigan Diagnostics) according to the attached protocol.
- LumiVision PRO 400EX (Aisin Seiki) was used as the signal detection and image analysis apparatus, and the luminescence signal was photographed and digitized.
- liver function markers such as GOT (AST) and GPT (ALT)
- AST AST
- GPT ALT
- the value is easily increased by liver diseases other than simple fatty liver, NASH, and other diseases other than liver disease.
- AGXT is specific for NASH, has a much lower risk of misdiagnosis, and greatly contributes to the diagnostic field. Therefore, a healthy person or a simple fatty liver patient and a NASH patient can be detected or differentiated with high accuracy by AGXT measurement using AGXT as a marker for detection and / or differentiation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Abstract
Description
従来、単純脂肪肝は予後が良好な疾患とされてきた。一方、351例のアルコール摂取歴の無い献体の死後解剖の解析においては6.3%の頻度で、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎(NASH)が存在することが報告されており、NAFLDのなかでNASHの存在が明らかになってきた(非特許文献2)。
NASHは、米国においては最も一般的な慢性肝臓疾患である。日本でも1990年代に入って、肥満や糖尿病が増加し、飲酒歴や肝炎ウイルスが陰性であるにもかかわらず肝脂肪蓄積や肝障害が進むこの疾患が取り上げられるようになってきた。この疾患は、肥満者に多く、インスリン抵抗性との関連も強いが、近年、糖尿病などほかの生活習慣病とは明らかに独立して進行する肝臓病とされている。
他の肝疾患、たとえばウイルス性肝炎の場合、患者検体中のウイルス抗原、抗ウイルス抗体有無で検出または鑑別でき、診断基準が確立されている。それに比べNASHの場合、現在では肝生検を基に評価される肝臓病理組織学検査だけが、NASHの確定診断に際しての唯一明確な検査で臨床上受容されている方法である。
しかし、肝生検は肝臓そのものの一部を切除して検査を行うため、通常入院が必要であり患者にとって経済的な負担も出血などリスク負担も高くルーチンには実施しにくい。一方、NASHと鑑別診断が必要な単純脂肪肝は非常にありふれた疾患でしかも良性であり経過観察で済まされる事もしばしばである。にもかかわらず現在、日常的な臨床設定において医師にとってNAFLDと診断し、さらにNASHを疑った場合に肝生検をいつ実行すべきかについての確固たる提言は未だ展開されていないのが実情である。医学上の必要性と限界の故とはいえ、肝生検まで行って診断が単純脂肪肝であった場合、患者にとっての負担感は一層大きい場合があり医師にとってこのような現状は肝生検を行うに当たっての判断に苦しむ場合が多い。
それにもかかわらず、従来の血清アミノトランスフェラーゼ等の肝臓関連酵素の上昇を用いる診断法はNASHと単純脂肪肝等のNASH以外の肝疾患を区別するには不十分である。すなわち、NASHの指標であるアラニンアミノトランスフェラーゼ(ALT)、アスパラギン酸アミノトランスフェラーゼ(AST)などのアミノトランスフェラーゼの検査値は、ほとんど他の生活習慣病、肝臓病、血液疾患、悪性腫瘍といった多くの疾患の検査値異常と重なり、高感度でも特有のものではなく、また、これらの酵素が正常範囲の場合にもNASHがしばしば発見されるからである。
また、超音波診断によりNASHを鑑別する方法も検討されている(非特許文献4)。この場合、脂肪肝とされた34症例のうち9症例は従来の血液診断マーカー(ALT、ASTの他にγグルタミルトランスペプチダーゼ(γGTP)、アルカリフォスファターゼ(ALP)を含む)は正常範囲であったが、肝生検まで行うとその9症例のうち7症例はNASHを持っていた例が紹介されており、従来の診断マーカーによるNASH診断の難しさが示されている。
このように、NASH患者を早期に発見し、治療を早期に行うことが必要にもかかわらず、その検出や鑑別には、患者に大きな負担を与える肝生検以外の確定診断法がないのが実情である。従って血液のような採取の容易な検体で、その疾患を検出または鑑別する方法が強く望まれている。
すなわち、本発明は、
[1].アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼからなる非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカー;
[2].検体中のアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼを測定することにより、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎を検出および/または鑑別する方法;
[3].検体中のアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼのレベルと健常人由来検体中のアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼのレベルとを比較して、そのレベルが高い場合に非アルコール性脂肪肝炎と判定する、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎を検出および/または鑑別する方法;
[4].アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼに特異的に結合する抗体を用いた免疫測定法により、またはアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼの酵素活性の測定により、アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼを測定する、上記[2]または[3]に記載の方法;
[5].検体が血液由来検体である、上記[2]から[4]のいずれかに記載の方法;
[6].アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼに特異的に結合する抗体、またはアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼの酵素活性を測定するための試薬を含む、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用キット;
[7].アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼの非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカーとしての使用;
および
[8].非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカーとして使用するためのアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼ
に関するものである。
本発明においては、例えば、NASHが疑われる患者から得た検体中の、上記NASH検出および/または鑑別用マーカータンパク質であるAGXTの存否を検出しあるいはその量を測定して、NASH発症を検出、あるいは、単純脂肪肝等のNASH以外の肝臓疾患とNASHとを鑑別することができる。
本発明の非アルコール性脂肪肝炎を検出および/または鑑別する方法では、検体中のAGXTのレベルと健常人由来検体中のAGXTのレベルとを比較して、そのレベルが高い場合に非アルコール性脂肪肝炎と判定することができる。より具体的には、本発明の方法は、例えば、(i)診断すべき個人由来の適当な試料中のAGXTのレベルを測定し、ついで(ii)測定値レベルと、明らかに健康な個人(正常個人)について対応するレベル(正常レベル、正常濃度範囲)とを比較する工程よりなることを特徴とする。AGXTの測定値レベルが正常レベルから逸脱して高い場合、NASHと疑われる。
前述のように、本発明においては、アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼを非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカーとして使用することができる。
免疫測定法は、AGXTおよびAGXTに特異的に結合する抗体(抗AGXT抗体)よりなる免疫複合体を形成し得る条件下、AGXTを含む可能性のある検体を、抗AGXT抗体と接触させることを特徴とする。その後に、形成した複合体を公知の方法によって測定して、検体中のAGXTレベルの定量的または定性的測定値、換言すると、検体中のAGXTレベルの測定値を得ることができる。
これらの形態のアッセイにおいては、免疫複合体をそのままで測定でき、あるいは、それを分析的に検出可能な物質(標識物)で標識することによって測定でき、標識物は当該免疫複合体に特異的に取り込まれるようにすることができる。
上記免疫測定法に使用できる抗体としては、市販の抗体(例えば、ABGENT社のウサギ抗ヒトAGXT抗体)を用いることができる。また、既に汎用されている方法により作製されるポリクローナル抗体やモノクローナル抗体が挙げられる。抗体を作成するためのAGXT抗原は、ヒト血液から精製して入手してもよいが、AGXTの公知のアミノ酸配列やそれをコードする遺伝子配列(Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.,176(3):1093-1099,July 1991;Genomics,10(1):34-42,July 1991)に基づいて遺伝子工学技術により合成してもよく、また公知のペプチド合成技術を用い、化学合成して入手してもよい。
また、前記4-アミノアンチピリンに対応する化合物としては、アミノアンチピリン誘導体、バニリンジアミンスルホン酸、メチルベンズチアゾリノンヒドラゾン(MBTH)、スルホン化メチルベンズチアゾリノンヒドラゾン(SMBTH)等も使用できる。
抗AGXT抗体は、例えば、マイクロプレートなどの水不溶性担体に結合させた形態で、キットの試薬成分とすることができる。キットの他の試薬成分としては、例えば抗ヒトイムノグロブリン抗体などの二次抗体が挙げられ、この二次抗体は、採用する酵素免疫測定方法、放射免疫測定方法、蛍光免疫測定方法、化学発光免疫測定方法などの測定方法に応じて、酵素、放射性同位元素、蛍光物質、化学発光物質などの標識物で標識されたものが用いられる。その他の試薬成分として、界面活性剤、緩衝剤などを適宜、加えてもよい。
本発明の方法は、健常者とNASH患者との鑑別ができるほか、従来、肝生検以外では困難であったFL患者とNASH患者との鑑別ができる。
実施例1
NASH(非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎)患者とFL(単純脂肪肝)患者、健常人血清中のAGXT(Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase,アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼ)値の測定
健常人18名(男性10人と女性8人)、FL患者9名(男性4人と女性5人)、NASH患者17名(男性8人と女性9人)、の各血清について、以下に記載する方法によって血清中AGXT値を測定した。健常人、NASH患者、FL患者の比較に当たっては性別、年齢、BMI(Body Mass Index)に統計学的に大きな偏りの無い比較を行っている。
健常人血清は、健康診断受診者のうち文書による同意を得られたボランティアより空腹時血清を採取したものである。NASH患者は全例が検査入院患者の肝生検による確定診断例であり、その際に同意と空腹時血清を得たものである。FL患者は肝生検または肝エコー検査にて肝臓に脂肪肝の所見が見られた患者であり、その際に同意と空腹時血清を得たものである。
血清中AGXT測定のため、無処理の血清0.2μL相当に2×SDS-サンプルバッファー(0.125Mトリス-Cl、2.0%SDS(sodium dodecyl sulfate)、10% グリセロール、0.05%ブロモフェノールブルー、pH6.8)を50μLと純水を加え懸濁し、うち10μL相当を用いてSDS-PAGE(polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)を行った。SDS-PAGEに使用したゲルは10~20%のアクリルアミド濃度勾配をつけた、縦8cm、横14cm、厚さ1mmのポリアクリルアミドゲル(DRC社)を用い行った。次いで、公知の方法に従いウェスタンブロッティングを行った。つまり、SDS-PAGEで分離したタンパク質をPVDF(Polyvinylidene fluoride)膜に転写した。転写後のPVDF膜を所定の大きさに切り、ポンソーS染色に供し転写ムラがないか確認した。次いで、PVDF膜を0.05%スキムミルク-PBS-T(Phosphate with Tween20)に4℃で一晩浸してブロッキンクし、続いてPBS-Tに室温で10分間浸し洗浄する操作を3回繰り返した。洗浄後のPVDF膜を、ウサギ抗ヒトAGXT抗体(ABGENT社)を溶解させたPBS中、室温で1時間インキュベートし、続いてPBS-Tに室温で5分間浸し洗浄する操作を3回繰り返した。洗浄後のPVDF膜を、HRP標識抗ウサギIgG抗体(ダコ社)を含有するPBS中、室温で1時間インキュベートし、続いてPBS Tween20(0.1%)に室温で5分間浸し洗浄する操作を3回繰り返した。洗浄後のPVDF膜より、FEMTOGLOWウェスタンブロッティング発光試薬(Michigan Diagnostics社)を用いて添付のプロトコルに従い発光シグナルを検出した。シグナル検出及び画像解析機器はLumiVision PRO 400EX(アイシン精機)を使用し、発光シグナルの撮影及び数値化を行った。
ウェスタンブロッティングによって得られたシグナルの画像解析の結果について男性の場合を図1、女性の場合を図2に示した。また、男女合わせて、画像解析結果における各バンドのシグナル強度を数値化しAGXT値を求めたところ表1の結果となった。
Claims (8)
- アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼからなる非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカー。
- 検体中のアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼを測定することにより、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎を検出および/または鑑別する方法。
- 検体中のアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼのレベルと健常人由来検体中のアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼのレベルとを比較して、そのレベルが高い場合に非アルコール性脂肪肝炎と判定する、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎を検出および/または鑑別する方法。
- アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼに特異的に結合する抗体を用いた免疫測定法により、またはアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼの酵素活性の測定により、アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼを測定する、請求項2または3に記載の方法。
- 検体が血液由来検体である、請求項2から4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼに特異的に結合する抗体、またはアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼの酵素活性を測定するための試薬を含む、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用キット。
- アラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼの非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカーとしての使用。
- 非アルコール性脂肪肝炎検出および/または鑑別用マーカーとして使用するためのアラニン-グリオキシレートアミノトランスフェラーゼ。
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EP11795675.5A EP2584361A4 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-06-13 | MARKERS FOR THE DETECTION AND / OR DISTINCTION OF NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS, METHOD FOR THE DETECTION AND / OR DISTINCTION OF NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS AND KIT FOR USE IN THIS METHOD |
CN2011800330773A CN102971630A (zh) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-06-13 | 非酒精性脂肪性肝炎检测和/或鉴别用标记物、检测和/或鉴别非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的方法及用于它们的试剂盒 |
US13/703,740 US20130089871A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-06-13 | Marker for detection and/or discrimination of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, method for detection and/or discrimination of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and kit for use in the method |
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TOMOO NOGUCHI ET AL.: "Identification of Mammalian Aminotransferases Utilizing Glyoxylate or Pyruvate as Amino Acceptor", THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 263, no. 1, 5 January 1988 (1988-01-05), pages 182 - 186, XP055095305 * |
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