WO2011144641A1 - Moyen coaxial de mesure d'un débit et procédé de mesure d'un débit - Google Patents

Moyen coaxial de mesure d'un débit et procédé de mesure d'un débit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011144641A1
WO2011144641A1 PCT/EP2011/058008 EP2011058008W WO2011144641A1 WO 2011144641 A1 WO2011144641 A1 WO 2011144641A1 EP 2011058008 W EP2011058008 W EP 2011058008W WO 2011144641 A1 WO2011144641 A1 WO 2011144641A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
flow meter
fluid permeable
tube
permeable body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/058008
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Göran Cewers
Original Assignee
Mindray Medical Sweden Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE1050487A external-priority patent/SE534896C2/sv
Priority claimed from SE1050486A external-priority patent/SE535494C2/sv
Application filed by Mindray Medical Sweden Ab filed Critical Mindray Medical Sweden Ab
Priority to EP11721498A priority Critical patent/EP2572170A1/fr
Publication of WO2011144641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011144641A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40—Details of construction of the flow constriction devices

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the following applications of the same inventor as the present
  • the disclosure pertains to flow meter elements and methods for measuring flows. More exactly, the disclosure refers to a device and a method which are based on
  • the disclosure refers to use in medical ventilators, anesthesia machines or similar breathing apparatuses.
  • Some embodiments include a variable flow restrictor and a method for variably altering flow resistance in a flow restrictor. More exactly, the
  • embodiment refer to reducing the flow resistance in large flows in order to increase the dynamic flow range.
  • Measuring flow by means of a flow restrictor is common and the method works both for liquids and gases, e.g. in flow regulators for ventilators. Examples of ventilator applications are disclosed in US patent
  • patent SE 529,989 it is disclosed how a flow restrictor is used for measuring gas flow through a gas channel downstream of a control valve.
  • gases are compressible and liquids are virtually uncompressible . This results in a number of undesirable effects such as the pressure in the gas channel affecting the flow measurement since a change in pressure results in a pressure-generated flow flowing directly into the volume between the flow restrictor and a control valve which generates or controls a flow based on the flow signal from the flow meter.
  • valves comprising a plurality of such aggregates with a common outlet will interfere with each other.
  • Flow restrictors can be provided in a variety of ways, e.g. by fluid being led through one or more narrow tubes, various types of nets, sintered fluid permeable tubes or slits.
  • US2007/283962 or US 4,006,634.
  • US2007/283962 relates to nasal devices and is not suitable for flow restrictors in flow measurement applications.
  • the flow restrictor consists of a film with radial slits forming a number of circular shaped flaps. At high flows the flaps bend and the flow resistance decreases. Since it is difficult to cut extremely thin slits in a film, the flow resistance is relatively small in this design and thus it is difficult measure low flows.
  • One object of the disclosure is to provide a device with flow restriction with a relatively large surface and small volume between the device's flow restrictor and the control valve interface.
  • One object is to provide a larger initial flow resistance than is present in a design which uses flaps bending under large flows as described in US patent
  • Yet another object is to provide a device with flow restriction with reduced flow resistance in large flows. This is important in removing increased flow resistance caused by turbulence and in increasing the dynamic flow range.
  • the present invention seeks primarily to mitigate, alleviate or eliminate one or more of the above- identified deficiencies or disadvantages in the art, singly or in any combination, and solves at least partly the abovementioned issues by providing equipment and methods according to the appended patent claims.
  • a method for measuring a flow of gas passing a flow meter device causes a pressure drop when a gas flows through it.
  • the pressure drop across the device is a measure of the gas flow.
  • the device is designed as a gas permeable tube which has a flow channel on the upstream side along the tube designed so as to decrease the cross-sectional area of the channel downstream of the gas permeable tube.
  • a small volume is produced by adapting the device flow channel and flow restriction to the geometry of the flow profile of the gas flowing out from the flow valve. This provides for a minimum volume in the channel upstream of the device's pressure-drop- generating component.
  • the outlet from a gas valve is centered, and the outlet flow profile has the appearance of a jointed cone. In other cases the outlet is coaxial with a flow profile which may be described as a tube.
  • a flow meter element comprising a tube element and a flow restrictor arranged inside the latter.
  • the tube element may comprise a connection interface to a flow valve.
  • the flow restrictor comprises a closed fluid permeable body so as to form a fluid permeable tube which on the upstream side along the tube has a flow channel designed to decrease the cross-section of the flow channel downstream of the tube.
  • the tube element is an outer tube.
  • the outer tube and the fluid permeable body are arranged relative to each other at a distance which decreases along the direction of the flow meter element between the inner side of the outer tube and the fluid permeable body.
  • the flow meter element's flow channel and the flow restrictor By adapting the flow meter element's flow channel and the flow restrictor to the geometry of the flow profile from a fluid flowing out from a flow valve it is possible to obtain a relatively large surface in the flow restrictor and at the same time a small volume between the flow restrictor and the interface (outer tube) to a valve.
  • An increased pressure is generated upstream before the flow restrictor, e.g. by compressing a gas when flow resistance increases, and a pressure drop downstream of the flow restrictor.
  • the pressure differential is proportional to the flow in the channel, allowing the flow to be measured.
  • the closed fluid permeable body is a cone.
  • a way of creating the abovementioned design is for the fluid permeable body to be conical in shape turned either upstream or downstream.
  • the closed fluid permeable body is a partial cone.
  • a way of creating the abovementioned design is for the fluid permeable body to be partly conical in shape turned either upstream or downstream.
  • the cross-section of the tube geometry of the outer tube and the fluid permeable tube may either be of circular shape or polygonal shape or ellipsoid shape.
  • the flow meter element comprises a differential pressure meter which is connected to each side of the fluid permeable body.
  • the differential pressure meter measures the differential pressure on both sides of the fluid permeable body, which is then used to calculate the flow
  • Some embodiments of the invention comprise the flow meter element having a flow valve which is connected to a first connection interface to the flow meter element.
  • connection interface adapted after a closed flow valve and a flow meter element having a second connection interface identical to that of the flow valve, the device can be coupled into a link with an already existing design.
  • Another aspect of the invention comprises a flow measurement method comprising a flow restrictor with a relatively large surface and a relatively small volume between the fluid permeable body placed in the flow channel of the flow restrictor and the outer tube of the connection interface; wherein the relatively small volume is provided by the outer tube and the fluid permeable body being arranged at a relative distance from one another which decreases along the longitudinal direction of the flow meter element between the inside of the outer tube and the fluid permeable body thus boosting the pressure upstream (PI) and producing a pressure drop downstream (P2) of the fluid permeable body, the difference between which is proportional to the flow.
  • PI pressure upstream
  • P2 pressure drop downstream
  • Yet another aspect of the invention provides a method for measuring a flow which comprises measuring a flow of a fluid passing a flow meter device, wherein the device causes a pressure drop in the fluid flowing through it, and where the pressure drop across the device is a measure of the fluid flow.
  • the method comprises providing a device which is designed as a fluid permeable tube which on the upstream side along the tube has a flow channel which is designed so that the cross-sectional area of the channel decreases downstream of the fluid permeable tube, whereby this method comprises providing a minimal volume in the channel upstream of the device's pressure-drop-generating part .
  • variable flow restrictor comprises a flexible foil with movable parts such as flaps, and a fluid permeable body.
  • the flexible foil is arranged immediately next to the fluid permeable body where the movable parts are pre-tensioned against the fluid permeable body resulting in a variable fluid flow through the flow restrictor as by increased displacement of the flexible parts with increased flow through the fluid permeable body and the flexible foil.
  • a thin flexible foil with flaps is placed close to the fluid permeable body. Thanks to the flaps being in tension, the flow resistance is high in small flows, which is then reduced when the flow increases.
  • the flexible foil should preferably be placed adjoining the fluid permeable body by bending it and placing it with its convex side against the fluid permeable body.
  • the flexible foil may be shaped as e.g. a cone, partial cone or as a cylinder.
  • the tube geometry of the entire design may have a cross-section that may be circular and/or ellipsoid or and/or polygonal.
  • One advantageous embodiment of the invention is to place the abovementioned flaps pre-tensioned against the fixed flow restrictor. This method ensures that the flow resistance is maximized at low flows.
  • An advantageous way of pre-tensioning the flaps is to bend the foil with flaps and allow the convex side to lie against the flow
  • the flaps will in this case lie pre-tensioned against the flow restrictor.
  • the curvature of the foil may be arbitrary in shape, such as a cone, sphere or cylinder.
  • Yet another advantageous embodiment of the invention is to provide the flow restrictor with holes or thin material where it is covered by the abovementioned flaps.
  • the fluid permeable body has openings which allow the fluid to flow under the flaps.
  • a differential pressure gauge is connected upstream of the fluid permeable body and downstream of the flexible foil.
  • Another aspect of the invention comprises a method for reducing the flow resistance in a flow restrictor at an elevated flow rate.
  • the method comprises pre-tensioning moveable parts, such as flexible flaps, on a flexible foil by placing the flexible foil next to a fluid permeable body, thus creating a variable flow restrictor in that the moveable parts are moved more and more as the flow
  • flow resistance refers to actual flow resistance as distinct from pressure drop.
  • a gas permeable element is an element through which gas can flow.
  • gas can flow through an outer to an inner side of a cylindrical or conical gas permeable element. Its flow resistance will differ for different gas flows there through (across it) .
  • An example for such an element is for instance a sintered metal having a defined pore size. Such sintered elements are commercially
  • a gas permeable element has a defined permeability for both fluids and gases.
  • a fixed gas permeable element may be provided in the form of a net, sintered metal or ceramics of a
  • gas permeable elements in the form of flow restrictors are used in flow meters to create pressure drops with a desired profile. Differential pressure across a gas permeable element may be measured and provides a measure of the
  • Figure 1 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve with peripheral circular outlet upstream
  • Figure 2 shows in a schematic view yet another exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve with peripheral circular outlet upstream
  • Figure 3 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve downstream with peripheral circular inlet
  • Figure 4 shows in a schematic view yet another exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve downstream with peripheral circular inlet
  • Figure 5 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve with centered outlet upstream
  • Figure 6 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve downstream with centered inlet
  • Figure 7 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve upstream with peripheral circular outlet
  • Figure 8 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment having a flow valve upstream with peripheral circular outlet
  • Figure 9 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment using a foil with cut out flap structures 10;
  • Figures 10-12 show in schematic views exemplary embodiments with a bent foil 21 and a flow restrictor 20;
  • Figure 13 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment where the flow restrictor 50 is provided with holes in the area below flaps 52. Description of Embodiments
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention may be obtained as shown in Fig. 1 by a gas flow from a flow valve flowing in the inside of a tube 10 and passing downstream through a gas permeable partial cone 11. Thanks to the shape of cone 11 the cross-sectional area of the flow channel gradually decreases downstream of cone 11. In this manner turbulence minimizes as well as the volume between cone 11 and inlet upstream of tube 10. A pressure PI builds up upstream the cone depending on the flow.
  • Pressure P2 is measured downstream the cone.
  • the difference between P2 and PI (P2-P1) is a measure of the flow.
  • the signal from the differential pressure P2-P1 provides rapid and reliable gas flow control with a flow valve .
  • the device shown in Figure 1 is suitable for a flow valve with upstream peripheral circular outlet.
  • the flow valve can be fastened to the flow meter using a suitable flange (not shown) or using grooves which close on seals, see, for example, Fig. 8.
  • the flow meter system besides the differential pressure P2-P1, other parameters such as gas temperature, outlet pressure P2, gas viscosity and gas density are measured. These parameters may be linearized. This allows flow to be calculated with extreme accuracy.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of yet another exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve
  • gas permeable element 21 is cylindrical in shape with a closed end upstream.
  • the cross-section of the flow channel gradually decreases downstream thanks to insert 22
  • a conical gas permeable element may be combined with a conical insert, see e.g. Figs. 5 and 6.
  • the tube and the insert may be designed as an
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve downstream with peripheral circular inlet.
  • a conical gas permeable element 31 is arranged in a tube 30.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic view of yet another exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve downstream with peripheral circular inlet.
  • a gas permeable element 41 is cylindrical in shape with a closed end downstream.
  • the distance in longitudinal direction of the flow meter element between the inside of the outer tube and the fluid permeable body is changed.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve with centered outlet upstream.
  • a conical gas permeable element 51 is combined with a conical insert 52, but the pitch of the two elements differs.
  • the conical gas permeable element 51 has a larger pitch than conical insert 52. In this manner an extremely small volume is provided between the device's flow
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve downstream with centered inlet.
  • a conical gas permeable element 61 is combined with a conical insert 62, but the pitch of the two elements differ.
  • the conical gas permeable element 61 has a lower pitch than the conical insert 62. In this manner an extremely small volume is provided between the device's flow restrictor and the interface to the control valve.
  • Figure 7 shows in a schematic view an exemplary embodiment suitable for a flow valve with peripheral circular outlet upstream.
  • a conical gas permeable element 71 is combined with a cylindrical insert.
  • the distance in longitudinal direction of the flow meter element between the inside of the outer tube and the fluid permeable body is changed so there is an extremely small volume between the device's flow restrictor and the
  • the device shown in this figure has a mechanical interface to the valve which fits together with the valve's interface.
  • the device interface shown at the bottom of the figure is identical with the valve's interface. This allows the device to be connected as a link in an existing design.
  • a first connection interface is adapted to receive valve 200.
  • a second connection interface at the opposed end of the tubes 80, 82 is provided as a corresponding interface as that of the valve 200.
  • An inner wall 82 has a receiving interface for the inner, for instance protruding, first channel (here inlet) of the valve.
  • An outer wall 80 forms an outer wall of the coax arrangement. The outer wall coaxially surrounds at least partly along its length the inner wall 82. Outer wall has a receiving interface for the outer valve interface (upper black ring in Fig. 8) .
  • the differential pressure sensor 201 has ports on each side of a cone 81 of gas permeable material. Cone 81 is a gas permeable element. The gas flow may be measured with the help of the signal emitted by this differential pressure sensor 201. A control loop for the flow and pressure delivered by the valve 200 may thus be provided based on the pressure sensor signals.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic view of foil 101 with cut out flap structures 110.
  • the foil may be attached to a gas permeable elements in form of a flow restrictor, which is described below.
  • a gas permeable elements in form of a flow restrictor has a defined permeability for both fluids and gases.
  • a fixed flow restrictor may be provided in the form of a net, sintered metal or ceramics of a particular pore size or cell size, or some other fluid permeable material.
  • flow restrictors are used in flow meters to create pressure drops with a desired profile. Differential pressure across a flow restrictor may be measured and provides a measure of the flow.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment with part of a bent foil 21 and a part of a flow restrictor 120 with a shape matching the contour of the foil 121.
  • the flow restrictor and the foil are cylindrical in shape.
  • the radially bent out flaps 122 in none tensioned state look before the flow restrictor 20 is assembled together with foil 121.
  • Figure 11 shows the bent foil 121 and flow restrictor 120 with a shape matching the contour of foil 121
  • Figure 12 shows the bent foil 121 and flow restrictor 120 with a shape matching the contour of foil 121 when a flow illustrated by the arrows in Fig. 12 passes through flow restrictor 120 and foil 121 installed downstream.
  • FIG. 12 shows how the now radially inwardly bent flaps 142 are bent by a larger flow, shown by the arrows.
  • FIG 13 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment where flow restrictor 150 is provided with holes 153 in the area below flaps 152 according to a principle of the invention.
  • the flaps 152 are shown being bent by a major flow, passing the holes in the flow restrictor 150, shown by the arrows .
  • An example of a device in Figure 13 according to the invention may be obtained by a fluid flow illustrated by arrows streaming through a flow restrictor 150 and further downstream through foil 121 whose flaps 152, which are an integrated part of foil 150, in major flows are bent downstream and thus open up the area of flow restrictor 150 with the consequent reduction in flow resistance.
  • the flow restrictor may be designed of thinned down material or large pore sizes or cell sizes or filter density where it is covered by the abovementioned flaps.
  • a flow meter with fast response times, and a high flow range is provided.
  • the parts used are circular.
  • the geometry of the device is not restricted to these shapes, but the circular shape can be replaced by polygons, ellipses or combinations thereof.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de mesure d'un débit de gaz passant dans un dispositif de débitmètre. Le dispositif provoque une chute de pression lorsqu'un gaz le traverse. La chute de pression à travers le dispositif est une mesure du débit du gaz. Le dispositif est conçu comme un tube perméable aux gaz (81) qui comprend un canal d'écoulement sur le côté amont le long du tube conçu de façon à réduire la section transversale du canal en aval du tube perméable aux gaz. Le volume est ainsi minimal dans le canal en amont du composant produisant la chute de pression du dispositif. En combinant un élément perméable aux gaz avec un élément de débitmètre à rétrécissement variable, un débitmètre avantageux avec des temps de réponse rapides et une plage de flux dynamiques élevés est obtenu.
PCT/EP2011/058008 2010-05-17 2011-05-17 Moyen coaxial de mesure d'un débit et procédé de mesure d'un débit WO2011144641A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11721498A EP2572170A1 (fr) 2010-05-17 2011-05-17 Moyen coaxial de mesure d'un débit et procédé de mesure d'un débit

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1050487-6 2010-05-17
SE1050487A SE534896C2 (sv) 2010-05-17 2010-05-17 Flödesrestriktor samt förfarande att reducera ett flödesmotstånd
SE1050486A SE535494C2 (sv) 2010-05-17 2010-05-17 Koaxiellt flödesmätarelement och förfarande för att mäta ett flöde
SE1050486-8 2010-05-17
US34578810P 2010-05-18 2010-05-18
US34577110P 2010-05-18 2010-05-18
US61/345,788 2010-05-18
US61/345,771 2010-05-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011144641A1 true WO2011144641A1 (fr) 2011-11-24

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Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2572170A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011144641A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103048022A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2013-04-17 上海华强浮罗仪表有限公司 一种平衡流量计节流件
KR101340536B1 (ko) 2011-11-25 2013-12-11 주식회사 하이트롤 코니컬 오리피스형 차압식 유량 측정장치

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3196680A (en) * 1962-01-03 1965-07-27 Itt Flow tubes
US4006634A (en) 1975-09-17 1977-02-08 National Semiconductor Corporation Flow meter
US5265594A (en) 1990-10-30 1993-11-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for regulating the flow-through amount of a flowing medium
US6164141A (en) 1997-07-23 2000-12-26 Societe D'applications Industrielles Medicales Et Electroniques Gas delivery sensor and respiratory aid appliance comprising such a sensor
US20020046612A1 (en) * 2000-08-22 2002-04-25 Fugasity Corporation Fluid mass flow meter with substantial measurement range
US20070283962A1 (en) 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Ventus Medical, Inc. Layered nasal devices
SE529989C2 (sv) 2004-09-03 2008-01-29 Ric Investments Llc Gasregulator
US20090064794A1 (en) * 2007-09-06 2009-03-12 Intermed - Equipamento Medica Hospitalar Ltda. Flow sensor with double obstruction

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3196680A (en) * 1962-01-03 1965-07-27 Itt Flow tubes
US4006634A (en) 1975-09-17 1977-02-08 National Semiconductor Corporation Flow meter
US5265594A (en) 1990-10-30 1993-11-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for regulating the flow-through amount of a flowing medium
US6164141A (en) 1997-07-23 2000-12-26 Societe D'applications Industrielles Medicales Et Electroniques Gas delivery sensor and respiratory aid appliance comprising such a sensor
US20020046612A1 (en) * 2000-08-22 2002-04-25 Fugasity Corporation Fluid mass flow meter with substantial measurement range
SE529989C2 (sv) 2004-09-03 2008-01-29 Ric Investments Llc Gasregulator
US20070283962A1 (en) 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Ventus Medical, Inc. Layered nasal devices
US20090064794A1 (en) * 2007-09-06 2009-03-12 Intermed - Equipamento Medica Hospitalar Ltda. Flow sensor with double obstruction

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101340536B1 (ko) 2011-11-25 2013-12-11 주식회사 하이트롤 코니컬 오리피스형 차압식 유량 측정장치
CN103048022A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2013-04-17 上海华强浮罗仪表有限公司 一种平衡流量计节流件

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