WO2011143959A1 - 一种植物源农药及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种植物源农药及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2011143959A1
WO2011143959A1 PCT/CN2011/071081 CN2011071081W WO2011143959A1 WO 2011143959 A1 WO2011143959 A1 WO 2011143959A1 CN 2011071081 W CN2011071081 W CN 2011071081W WO 2011143959 A1 WO2011143959 A1 WO 2011143959A1
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parts
wolf
toxin
water
toxic pesticide
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PCT/CN2011/071081
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈爱红
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北京绿神保科技有限公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/38Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
    • A01N65/385Tobacco
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof, directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. acetophenone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/36Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • Plant-derived pesticide and preparation method thereof Plant-derived pesticide and preparation method thereof
  • the present invention relates to a pesticide insecticide and a preparation method thereof.
  • Plant-derived insecticides with natural phytochemicals as active ingredients have the advantages of being environmentally friendly, generally low in toxicity, and resistant to pests in crop pest control.
  • the existing plant-derived pesticides also have the following long-standing unsolved technical problems:
  • Insecticides are prepared by adding various raw materials and organic solvents to a mixing kettle, heating and stirring for several hours, and then adding an oil to obtain an emulsifiable concentrate, which has the disadvantages of high cost, environmental pollution, and harmful to the human body.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency non-toxic pesticide insecticide and a preparation method thereof, and to solve the complicated formula of the existing plant-derived pesticides, the effect is not good, the production cost is high, and the efficacy is slow. Technical problems with short duration and poor stability.
  • This highly effective non-toxic pesticide insecticide contains the following ingredients in parts by weight.
  • wolf toxin 100 parts of water; 2 to 30 parts of wolf toxin, the wolf toxin is an extract of Stellera chamaejasme plant;
  • the schisandin contains sorrel and sylvestin, which is an extract of pepper fruit; 15 to 40 parts of tacrolimus, which is an extract of tobacco leaves.
  • the ratio further contains 3 to 20 parts by weight of capsaicin, which is an extract of capsicum fruit.
  • the ratio includes the following components in parts by weight:
  • the wolf toxin is a liquid or slurry having a Baume degree of 15-17 extracted by root or stem or leaf of the Stellera chamaejasme or one of the three or three of them using an organic solvent or cooking method. Or a powder, the wolf toxin is a new wolf toxin eight, a new wolf toxin B or a wolf toxin dry powder extracted from Stellera chamaejasme.
  • the capsaicin is a liquid or slurry or powder having a Baume degree of 15 to 17 extracted by an organic solvent or a boiled method.
  • the tamarind is a liquid or slurry or powder having a Baume degree of 15 to 17 extracted by an organic solvent or a boiled method.
  • the wolf toxin, the saponin, and the tacrolimus are mixed and then released into a 200-400 times aqueous solution with water, and then sprayed on the stems and leaves of the crop.
  • the pesticide insecticide is also mixed with 3 to 20 parts of capsaicin.
  • the preparation method of the wolf toxin, the swainin, the tacrolimin, and the capsaicin is a liquid or slurry or powder having a Baume degree of 15 to 17 extracted by an organic solvent or a boiled method.
  • Wolf venom, carrageenin and tacrolimus are plant-derived insecticides, which have synergistic insecticidal effects. It mainly has contact and stomach toxicity to insects. The liquid can be quickly absorbed into the nervous system and somatic cells of the pest through the body surface, infiltrate into the nucleus, inhibit the destruction of cell metabolism, and cause the energy transfer of the pest receptor to be disordered and disordered, resulting in non-functional contraction of the muscles of the pest, until death and death. The pest digestive system directly kills intestinal wall cells and causes death from pest failure. It solves the technical problem that the efficacy of pesticides is slow, the duration of effect is short, and the cost is high. [0019] Wolf toxin: Contains flavonoids, diterpenoids, volatile oils, etc., with a broad spectrum of insecticidal effects.
  • Zanthoxylin Also known as xanthine, it contains substances such as limonene, Cumic alcohol, and Geraniol. In addition, it contains a variety of compounds such as phytol and unsaturated organic acids, which act as insecticides.
  • Lycopene Contains active ingredients such as nicotine and nicotine, has insecticidal sterilization effect, and has obvious effects on aphids.
  • Capsaicin is the main capsicum in pepper, contains capsaicin, can be used for insecticide, and plays a role in rapid insect repellent and insect control.
  • the present invention differs from the formulations and ingredients of existing natural plant insecticidal protectants.
  • the pesticide insecticide is non-toxic and harmless to humans and animals, does not pollute the environment and crops, and has no toxic residues.
  • the product has the function of controlling pests and diseases of crops, fruit trees and vegetables, and has special effects on blight, bacterial wilt, sheath blight, rice cancer, root rot, etc. of seedbeds, and prevents various pests such as aphids and cabbage caterpillars. And the therapeutic effect, the penetration speed is fast, the control effect is good, and the duration of the drug is long, which can reduce the number of medications and save labor.
  • the product also promotes healthy growth and early maturity of crops, improving quality and increasing yield.
  • Pear tree After use, the leaves are flourishing and free of fog and fog.
  • Plum After use, the leaves are flourishing and wormless, the fruit is large, not cracked, and the yield is increased.
  • test site is located in Xinzhuang Village, Pinghezi Village, Mingshui Township, Yuzhong County. In the practical test, no other pesticides were used, no lodging, strong growth, no insects, and good practical effect.
  • the invention is carried out in a rural vegetable greenhouse, and the results show that: the use of pesticide insecticides on tomato leaf deciduous disease, spicy pepper tsutsugamushi has a good experimental effect, and is widely praised by farmers.
  • the invention is carried out in a rice field base, and the results show that: after using the pesticide insecticide, the rice can grow vigorously, not long, and can obviously increase the yield per mu, and produce significant economic benefits.
  • the present invention is a tea tree as a test object in Lingtou, Tailingyang Village, Qinling, Fuding City, Fujian province, and detects the effect of the agent on the control of the pests and diseases of tea trees and the growth of tea leaves.
  • Example 1 100 kg of water, 20 kg of wolf toxin, 40 kg of saponin, 30 kg of tacrolimus, after mixing, the pesticide is prepared, and the stems and leaves of the crop are directly sprayed or discharged with water when used. 200 ⁇ 400 times aqueous solution, sprayed on the stems and leaves of the crop.
  • Example 2 100 kg of water, 10 kg of wolf toxin, 30 kg of prickly ash, and 40 kg of tacrolimus, the pesticide is prepared and sprayed directly on the stems or leaves of the crop. Into a 200 ⁇ 400 times aqueous solution, sprayed on the stems and leaves of the crop, the amount used is 4 ⁇ 5.5 kg / 1000 square meters.
  • Example 3 100 kg of water, 5 kg of wolf toxin, 50 kg of prickly ash, and 15 kg of tacrolimus were prepared to prepare the pesticide, which can be directly sprayed on the stems or leaves of the crop or released with water. 200 ⁇ 400 times aqueous solution, sprayed on the stems and leaves of the crop, the amount used is 4 ⁇ 5.5 kg/1000 square meters.
  • Example 4 100 kg of water, 2 kg of wolf toxin, 5 kg of prickly ash, 25 kg of tacrolimus, 3 kg of capsaicin, the pesticide is prepared, and can be directly sprayed on the stem of the crop when used.
  • the leaves or water are discharged into 200 ⁇ 400 times aqueous solution, sprayed on the stems and leaves of the crop, and the amount used is 4 ⁇ 5.5 kg/1000 square meters.
  • Example 5 100 kg of water, 15 kg of wolf toxin, 15 kg of prickly ash, 20 kg of tacrolimus, 10 kg of capsaicin were prepared to prepare the pesticide, which can be directly sprayed on the stem of the crop.
  • the leaves or water are discharged into 200 ⁇ 400 times aqueous solution, sprayed on the stems and leaves of the crop, and the amount used is 4 ⁇ 5.5 kg/1000 square meters.
  • Example 6 100 kg of water, 25 kg of wolf toxin, 25 kg of prickly ash, 10 kg of tacrolimus, the pesticide is prepared after mixing, and can be directly sprayed on the stems or leaves of the crop or used for water release. Into a 200 ⁇ 400 times aqueous solution, sprayed on the stems and leaves of the crop, the amount used is 4 ⁇ 5.5 kg / 1000 square meters.
  • Example 7 100 kg of water, 25 kg of wolf toxin, 25 kg of prickly ash, 10 kg of tacrolimus, the pesticide is prepared after mixing, and can be directly sprayed on the stems or leaves of the crop or used for water release. Into a 200 ⁇ 400 times aqueous solution, sprayed on the stems and leaves of the crop, the amount used is 4 ⁇ 5.5 kg / 1000 square meters.
  • the high-efficiency non-toxic pesticide insecticide in the above embodiment is prepared by taking 100 parts of water, 20 to 30 parts of wolf toxin, 10 to 20 parts of safroni, 30 to 40 parts of tobacco, and mixing with water.
  • a pesticide insecticide can also be added with 3 to 20 parts of capsaicin mixed with the above raw materials.
  • Wolf toxin can be prepared by the following method:
  • the dried powder of Stellera chamaejasme L. After drying and pulverizing the roots and stems of Stellera chamaejasme L., the dried powder of Stellera chamaejasme L.;
  • the extract is extracted 1 to 3 times, and the organic solvent may be methanol, diethyl ether, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate or acetone.
  • the extract After filtering, the extract is concentrated to prepare a liquid having a Baume degree of 15 to 17.
  • Zanthoxylin can be prepared by the following method:
  • the fruits and/or leaves of the pepper tree are pulverized to obtain a dry powder, and after soaking, the extract is extracted with a solvent, and the dry powder raw material is added to an organic solvent and heated to 100 degrees in a reaction vessel, and stirred and heated for 3-12 hours, and concentrated to obtain a wave.
  • the liquid is 15 ⁇ .
  • Lysin can be prepared by the following method:
  • the preparation method of wolf toxin, carotenoid, barbitulin, capsaicin can also be boiled under 50-100 Torr for at least 2 hours to obtain a concentrated liquid of Baume 15-17, or after extraction. Refined and purified, or spray dried to obtain a powder.
  • Wolf toxin, xanthophyll, tacrolimus, capsaicin can also be purchased on the market.
  • Vegetables, cabbage, and cabbage For cabbage, spinach, cabbage, and lettuce, it can be shaken evenly before use.
  • Vegetables, radishes, horses, radish can significantly control double mildew, spot disease, leaf disease
  • the potato, the four seasons, etc. occur to prevent the invasion and increase of pests and diseases.
  • Crops Sorghum, corn can make the roots developed, deep roots, for the prevention of yellow shaking evenly before use, by ratio

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Description

一种植物源农药及其制备方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种农药杀虫剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
[0002] 我国是一个农业大国, 在农业生产中使用的有机磷、 乐果等有毒农药, 不但严重危 害农民的身体健康, 甚至造成农民的死亡。 而且产出的果实, 蔬菜, 粮油等也会有余毒, 人 们长期使用易患癌症。 国家有关部门已经提出禁止使用剧毒农药, 大力发展绿色无公害食 品, 因此研制植物源杀虫剂是一个农药杀虫剂的发展趋势。
[0003] 据研究表明, 很多天然植物体内含有能杀虫的物质。 以天然植物素为有效成分的植 物源杀虫剂, 在农作物害虫防治中具有对环境友好、 毒性普遍较低、 不易使害虫产生抗药性 等优点。 而现有的植物源杀虫剂还存在以下几个长期未解决的技术难题:
1、 已有杀虫剂是将多种原料与有机溶剂加入混合釜中, 加热搅拌数小时, 再加入油剂品得 到乳油制剂, 具有成本高、 污染环境、 对人体有害的缺陷。
[0004] 2、 已有杀虫剂有效成分含量不明确, 影响使用效果。
[0005] 3、 已有杀虫剂的活性成分易分解。
[0006] 4、 已有杀虫剂的药效发挥慢, 效持续时间短。
[0007] 现有的植物源杀虫剂相关专利, 例如 CN1106995A,公开了一种天然植物杀虫保护 剂, 其成分中含有生物碱、 萜烯、 精油、 辣椒素、 花椒素、 水寥素、 狼毒素等多种物质。 首 先, 该产品添加有占较大比例的生物碱、 萜烯、 精油, 与本发明不同, 生物碱和萜烯分别可 以包括多种物质, 成分不明且原料种类多、 配方十分复杂, 无法确定其具体成分的含量。 此 外, 该产品还添加有水寥素和大量的精油, 精油有一定杀虫效果, 但会大大增加产品成本, 造成产品难于实施。 添加的成分过多也无疑会增加产品的生产成本, 不利于推广。
发明内容
[0008] 本发明的目的是提供一种高效无毒农药杀虫剂及其制备方法, 要解决现有的植物源 农药杀虫剂配方复杂、 效果不佳、 生产成本高、 药效发挥慢、 效持续时间短、 稳定性欠佳的 技术问题。
[0009] 为实现上述目的, 本发明采用如下技术方案:
这种高效无毒农药杀虫剂, 以重量份计, 配比中含有以下成分,
水 100份; 狼毒素 2〜30份, 所述狼毒素是瑞香狼毒植物的提取物;
花椒素 5〜50份, 所述花椒素中含有山椒素和山椒酰胺, 是花椒果实的提取物; 烟梗素 15〜40份, 所述烟梗素是烟草枝叶的提取物。
[0010] 所述配比中还含有以重量份计的辣椒素 3〜20 份, 所述辣椒素是辣椒果实的提取 物。
[0011] 所述配比中含有以下以重量份计的成分:
水 100份;
狼毒素 20份;
花椒素 40份;
烟梗素 30份。
[0012] 所述狼毒素是用瑞香狼毒的根或茎或叶或三者之一或三者之二用有机溶剂或蒸煮法 提取的波美度为 15-17 的液状物或浆状物或粉状物, 所述狼毒素是用瑞香狼毒提取的新狼毒 素八、 新狼毒素 B或狼毒素干粉。
[0013] 所述花椒素是用有机溶剂或水煮法提取的波美度为 15〜17 的液状物或浆状物或粉状 物。
[0014] 所述烟梗素是用有机溶剂或水煮法提取的波美度为 15〜17 的液状物或浆状物或粉状 物。
[0015] 这种高效无毒农药杀虫剂的制备方法, 取水 100 份, 将狼毒素 20〜30 份, 花椒素 10〜20份, 烟梗素 30〜40份与水混合后制得农药杀虫剂。
[0016] 所述狼毒素、 花椒素、 烟梗素混合后用水释成 200〜400 倍水溶液, 再喷洒于作物的 茎叶。
所述农药杀虫剂还混合添加有辣椒素 3〜20份。
[0017] 所述狼毒素、 花椒素、 烟梗素、 辣椒素的制备方法是用有机溶剂或水煮法提取的波 美度为 15〜17的液状物或浆状物或粉状物。
[0018] 与现有技术相比本发明具有以下特点和有益效果:
狼毒素、 花椒素、 烟梗素三者均为植物源杀虫剂, 具有协同杀虫作用。 对昆虫主要具有触 杀、 胃毒作用。 药液既可通过体表吸收迅速进入害虫神经系统和体细胞, 渗入细胞核, 抑制 破坏细胞新陈代谢, 使害虫受体能量传递失调、 紊乱, 导致害虫肌肉非功能性收縮, 直至衰 竭死亡, 也可进入害虫消化系统, 直接杀死肠壁细胞, 致害虫功能衰竭死亡。 解决了杀虫剂 的药效发挥慢, 效持续时间短, 成本高的技术问题。 [0019] 狼毒素: 含有黄酮类化合物、 二萜、 挥发油类等物质, 具有广谱的杀虫作用。
[0020] 花椒素: 也称为花椒麻素, 含有柠檬烯 (Limonene)、 枯醇 (Cumic alcohol )、 牛儿醇 ( Geraniol ) 等物质。 此外并含有植物 醇及不饱和有机酸等多种化合物, 起到了杀虫作 用。
[0021] 烟梗素: 含有烟碱、 尼古丁等有效成分, 具有杀虫灭菌作用, 特别对蚜虫有明显的 效果。
[0022] 辣椒素: 辣椒素是辣椒中的主要辣椒元, 含有辣椒碱, 可用于杀虫, 起到速效驱虫 防虫的作用。
[0023] 本发明与已有天然植物杀虫保护剂的配方以及成分含量均不同。 该农药杀虫剂对 人、 畜无毒无害, 不污染环境及农作物, 无毒性残留。 产品具有防治农作物、 果树、 蔬菜病 害虫害的作用, 对苗床的立枯病、 青枯病、 纹枯病、 稻癌病、 根腐烂等均有特效, 对蚜虫和 菜青虫等多种病虫害有预防和治疗作用, 渗透速度快, 防治效果好, 药力持续时间长, 可减 少用药次数, 节约劳动力。 产品还可促进农作物健全生长和早熟, 提高质量和增加产量。
[0024] 经老官卜乡长岭山村对以下几种果木进行实际验证, 结果表明:
梨树: 使用后树叶茂盛无虫, 无雾病。
[0025] 李子: 使用后树叶茂盛无虫, 果实个大、 不裂, 产量增多。
[0026] 玉米: 使用后 3天立刻见效, 增产 20%。
[0027] 在建设镇根德村为中心田丰牌高效无毒农药大棚实验基地, 对西红柿落叶病, 辣椒 蚜虫病进行实际验证, 效果良好。
[0028] 在辽宁省黑山县段家乡崔屯村实际验证, 对各蔬菜作物效果非常好。
[0029] 试验地绥中县明水乡平河子村新庄屯, 在实用试验中未用其它任何农药, 无倒伏, 生长茁壮, 不长虫, 实用效果好。
[0030] 本发明在农村蔬菜大棚进行实验, 结果表明: 使用农药杀虫剂对西红柿落叶病, 辣 椒蚜虫病实验效果良好, 广受农户好评。
[0031] 本发明在水稻田基地进行实验, 结果表明: 使用农药杀虫剂后可使水稻生长茁壮, 不长虫, 且能够明显提高亩产, 产生显著的经济效益。
[0032] 本发明在福建省福鼎市秦岭太姥洋村岭头, 以茶树做为试验对象, 检测该药剂对茶 树的病虫害的防治效果及对茶叶生长产生的影响。 试验过程及结果简述: 7月 14 日 11 : 00 时与水以三百倍比例, 对岭头三块茶园外围一垅进行喷洒, 喷洒量为 30 斤桶一桶, 喷洒方 式与其他农药相同。 7 月 15 日早晨对喷药茶树与未喷茶树进行对比, 发现喷药茶树上茶虫 已经死亡, 不能附叶。 7月 16日 18:30时, 该药剂进行第二次喷洒, 药、 水比例为三百七十 五倍。 7 月 19 日 15:40 时, 现场观察发现, 所喷药茶树叶片上增加有叶绿素, 具有催芽作 用。
具体实施方式
[0033] 实施例 1 : 取水 100公斤, 狼毒素 20公斤, 花椒素 40公斤, 烟梗素 30公斤, 混合 后, 制得该农药杀虫剂, 使用时直接喷洒作物的茎叶或用水释成 200〜400 倍水溶液, 喷洒 于作物的茎叶。
[0034] 实施例 2: 取水 100公斤, 狼毒素 10公斤, 花椒素 30公斤, 烟梗素 40公斤混合 后, 制的该农药杀虫剂, 使用时可直接喷洒于作物的茎叶或用水释成 200〜400 倍水溶液, 喷洒于作物的茎叶, 使用量为 4〜5.5斤 /1000平方米。
[0035] 实施例 3: 取水 100公斤, 狼毒素 5公斤, 花椒素 50公斤, 烟梗素 15公斤混合后制 得该农药杀虫剂, 使用时可以直接喷洒于作物的茎叶或用水释成 200〜400 倍水溶液, 喷洒 于作物的茎叶, 使用量为 4〜5.5斤 /1000平方米。
[0036] 实施例 4: 取水 100公斤, 狼毒素 2公斤, 花椒素 5公斤, 烟梗素 25公斤, 辣椒素 3 公斤混合后制得该农药杀虫剂, 使用时可以直接喷洒于作物的茎叶或用水释成 200〜400 倍水溶液, 喷洒于作物的茎叶, 使用量为 4〜5.5斤 /1000平方米。
[0037] 实施例 5: 取水 100公斤, 狼毒素 15公斤, 花椒素 15公斤, 烟梗素 20公斤, 辣椒 素 10 公斤混合后制得该农药杀虫剂, 使用时可以直接喷洒于作物的茎叶或用水释成 200〜 400倍水溶液, 喷洒于作物的茎叶, 使用量为 4〜5.5斤 /1000平方米。
[0038] 实施例 6: 取水 100公斤, 狼毒素 25公斤, 花椒素 25公斤, 烟梗素 10公斤, 混合 后制得该农药杀虫剂, 使用时可以直接喷洒于作物的茎叶或用水释成 200〜400 倍水溶液, 喷洒于作物的茎叶, 使用量为 4〜5.5斤 /1000平方米。
[0039] 实施例 7: 取水 100公斤, 狼毒素 25公斤, 花椒素 25公斤, 烟梗素 10公斤, 混合 后制得该农药杀虫剂, 使用时可以直接喷洒于作物的茎叶或用水释成 200〜400 倍水溶液, 喷洒于作物的茎叶, 使用量为 4〜5.5斤 /1000平方米。
[0040] 上述实施例中高效无毒农药杀虫剂的制备方法为, 取水 100 份, 将狼毒素 20〜30 份, 花椒素 10〜20份, 烟梗素 30〜40份与水混合后制得农药杀虫剂, 也可添加辣椒素 3〜 20份与上述原料混合。
[0041] 狼毒素可采用如下方法制备:
将瑞香狼毒植物根、 茎干燥、 粉碎后, 得瑞香狼毒干粉; 将瑞香狼毒干粉浸泡后, 以有机溶 剂萃取 1〜3 次, 有机溶剂可采用甲醇、 乙醚、 乙醇、 甲醇、 醋酸乙酯或丙酮, 过滤后将萃 取液浓缩, 制成波美度为 15〜17的液状物。
[0042] 花椒素可采用如下方法制备:
将花椒树的果实和 /或叶粉碎后得到干粉, 浸泡后釆用机溶剂萃取, 将干粉原料加入有机溶 剂在反应容器中加热至 100度, 边加热边搅拌混合 3-12小时, 浓缩得到波美度为 15〜 的 液状物。
[0043] 烟梗素可采用如下方法制备:
以废弃烟叶或 /和烟梗为原料, 提取烟梗素, 先将废弃烟叶、 烟梗破碎成粉末, 之后浸泡, 将原料加入有机溶剂萃取, 在常温、 常压条件下过滤, 弃除滤渣后将过滤液浓缩, 得到波美 度为 15〜17的液状物。
[0044] 狼毒素、 花椒素、 烟梗素、 辣椒素的制备方法也可采用在 50-100Ό的条件下水煮至 少 2个小时, 获得波美度 15-17的浓缩液体, 或在提取后进行精制提纯, 或进行喷雾千燥得 到粉状物。
[0045] 狼毒素、 花椒素、 烟梗素、 辣椒素也可以在市场上购买制成品。
[0046] 高效无毒农药杀虫剂对于不同蔬菜、 水果、 农作物的功效及使用方法举例如下: 品名 种类 功效与防控对象 使用方法配比
蔬菜 白菜、 包心 对于白菜、 菠菜、 包心菜、 生菜能起到 使用前摇晃均匀, 按比
菜、 角瓜、 茄 根系发达、 增加叶绿素及叶片厚度, 增 例加水配比
子、 黄瓜、 豆 值增产的明显效果, 可防止各种斑病的 菜类: 300-400倍
角、 辣椒、 韭 发生和抑制蚜虫。 对于茄子、 马铃薯、 瓜类: 400-500倍
菜、 生菜、 菠 豆角、 黄瓜、 四季豆、 西红柿、 辣椒、
菜、 萝卜、 马 萝卜可明显控制双霉病、 斑病、 落叶病
铃薯、 四季 等发生, 达到防治病虫害的侵入、 增产
豆、 西红柿 增效的效果 水果 苹果、 各种 对于苹果、 梨等各种树木及植物的落叶 使用前摇晃均勾, 按比
梨、 桃、 李 病、 雾病、 果实碳素病、 白粉病、 斑病 例加水配比
子、 杏、 枣、 均有特效。 可提高果实光泽强度, 提高 各种果树: 200-300倍 山楂、 西瓜、 果品质量, 达到叶壮、 果鲜的效果。 可 葡萄: 300倍
香瓜、 葡萄 防止一切病虫害的侵入, 对腐烂病有较
强的防控作用。 农作物 高粱、 玉米、 能使根系发达、 根深叶茂, 对于防治黄 使用前摇晃均匀, 按比
水稻、 大豆、 体病有明显效果。 可使籽粒饱满无瘪 例加水配比
谷子、 小麦、 粒, 抗倒伏, 防治病虫害侵入, 达到增 农作物: 350-400倍 花生 产增效的最佳效果
保质期 2年 根部及土壤喷洒 100倍

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种高效无毒农药杀虫剂, 其特征在于: 以重量份计, 配比中含有以下成分,
水 100份;
狼毒素 2〜30份, 所述狼毒素是瑞香狼毒植物的提取物;
花椒素 5〜50份, 所述花椒素中含有山椒素和山椒酰胺, 是花椒果实的提取物; 烟梗素 15〜40份, 所述烟梗素是烟草枝叶的提取物。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的高效无毒农药杀虫剂, 其特征在于: 所述配比中还含有以重量份 计的辣椒素 3〜20份, 所述辣椒素是辣椒果实的提取物。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的高效无毒农药杀虫剂, 其特征在于: 所述配比中含有以下以重量 份计的成分:
水 100份;
狼毒素 20份;
花椒素 40份;
烟梗素 30份。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的高效无毒农药杀虫剂, 其特征在于: 所述狼毒素是用瑞 香狼毒的根或茎或叶或三者之一或三者之二用有机溶剂或蒸煮法提取的波美度为 15-17 的液 状物或浆状物或粉状物, 所述狼毒素是用瑞香狼毒提取的新狼毒素 A、 新狼毒素 B或狼毒素 干粉。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的高效无毒农药杀虫剂, 其特征在于: 所述花椒素是用有 机溶剂或水煮法提取的波美度为 15〜17的液状物或浆状物或粉状物。
6. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的高效无毒农药杀虫剂, 其特征在于: 所述烟梗素是用有 机溶剂或水煮法提取的波美度为 15〜17的液状物或浆状物或粉状物。
7. 一种高效无毒农药杀虫剂的制备方法, 其特征在于: 取水 100份, 将狼毒素 20〜30份, 花椒素 10〜20份, 烟梗素 30〜40份与水混合后制得农药杀虫剂。
8. 根据权利要求 7 所述的高效无毒农药杀虫剂的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述狼毒素、 花 椒素、 烟梗素混合后用水释成 200〜400倍水溶液, 再喷洒于作物的茎叶。
9. 根据权利要求 7 所述的高效无毒农药杀虫剂的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述农药杀虫剂 还混合添加有辣椒素 3〜20份。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的高效无毒农药杀虫剂的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述狼毒素、 花 椒素、 烟梗素、 辣椒素的制备方法是用有机溶剂或水煮法提取的波美度为 15〜17 的液状物 或浆状物或粉状物。
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WO2012071807A1 (zh) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 北京绿神保科技有限公司 高效无毒广谱杀虫杀菌组合物
CN103262847B (zh) * 2013-06-05 2014-07-02 四川国光农化股份有限公司 一种含花椒素和阿维菌素生物源农药及其制备方法
CN105724460A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-06 丁文贵 一种防治蚜虫和害螨的杀虫剂及其制备方法
CN106106557A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-16 河南中天恒信生物化学科技有限公司 一种烟草用农药杀虫剂及其合成方法
CN107494647A (zh) * 2017-09-18 2017-12-22 鲁小芹 一种高效低毒的园林用植物源农药及其制备方法

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