WO2011138181A1

WO2011138181A1 - Electric drive unit

Info

Publication number: WO2011138181A1
Application number: PCT/EP2011/056435
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Inhoff; Ullrich Hesse; Walter Zipp
Original assignee: Ipetronik Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2010-05-07
Filing date: 2011-04-21
Publication date: 2011-11-10
Also published as: DE102010016844A1

Abstract

An electric drive unit (1) for a motor vehicle (39) which has an internal combustion engine (41) is proposed, having: an electric machine (3), having an internal element (5) and an external element (7) which is arranged coaxially with respect to the latter, wherein at least the internal element (5) is mounted rotatably with respect to the external element (7); a drive region (A) which is connected to the electric machine (3) and which can be at least indirectly coupled to the internal combustion engine (41); an output region (B) which is connected to the electric machine (3) and which, in order to drive at least one wheel (51), can be coupled at least indirectly thereto, and coupling means (33, 47, 53, 55a, 55b) for releasing and forming a rotationally fixed connection between the drive region (A) and the output region (B) of the electric drive unit (1).

Description

Electric drive unit

description

The invention relates to an electric drive unit for a motor vehicle having a combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 22.

In the field of drive technology of motor vehicles, it is known to combine internal combustion engines and electric motors into so-called hybrid drives, since they complement each other very well under various operating conditions with regard to their performance characteristics. In motor vehicles, both a

Combustion engine as well as an electric machine have, as well as in vehicles with pure electric drive, the electric machine is operated as needed as a motor or as a generator. The electromagnetically active components of the electric machine are firmly divided into a rotor and a stator. The electric machines of the known type, with an internal combustion engine of a

Motor vehicle cooperate, all in all, only a limited flexibility in their Anwehdung.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electric drive unit for a motor vehicle having a motor vehicle, which is inexpensive to produce and which is particularly versatile. To solve the above object, an electric drive unit for a motor vehicle having a motor vehicle is proposed, which has the features of claim 1.

The electric drive unit is intended for use in a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine and has an electric machine which has an inner element and an outer element arranged coaxially therewith, wherein at least the inner element is rotatably mounted to the outer element. It is also conceivable that both elements are rotatably mounted to each other, so that both the outer and the inner member is optionally used as a stator or as a rotor Furthermore, the electric drive unit with a

Electric machine connected to the drive range, which is at least indirectly coupled to the engine and thus by the internal combustion engine

is driven. In addition, the electric drive unit has an output region connected to the electric machine, which can be coupled to drive at least one wheel at least indirectly thereto. The drive region thus serves to drive at least one wheel and is connected for this purpose at least via intermediate shafts or the like with this. The driving area and the driven area, so to speak, include the electric machine, i. in that the drive region and the output region are arranged along an axis of rotation of the electric machine, wherein the drive region is arranged on one side of the electric machine and

Abtriebsbereich are arranged on the opposite side of the electric machine. According to the invention, the drive unit knows at least one coupling means for releasing and producing a non-rotatable connection between it

Drive range and its output range on.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is also provided that the outer element and the inner element are arranged coaxially to each other, that is, on a common axis, but that the two elements in the direction of

common axis, in particular the axis of rotation of the electric machine seen, are arranged one behind the other. In this case, the inner element

for example, as a front member and the outer member of the electric machine may be formed as a rear member with respect to the rotation axis of the electric machine. The electric machine penetrates in this embodiment, for example, a drive shaft, wherein the front element and the rear element preferably have substantially the same diameter. The term "outer element" and "inner element" in this embodiment does not limit the arrangement of the part.

The electric drive unit according to the present invention can be easily integrated into the driveline of a motor vehicle and, alin or in combination with the internal combustion engine, enables a variety of modes that enable efficient energy management of the vehicle. For example, the electric drive unit can work both as a motor and as a generator. It is also advantageous that the electric drive unit optionally a purely internal combustion engine driving and a pure

allows electrical driving operation, wherein in the pure combustion engine operation is particularly advantageous that slippage is prevented by the coupling means. By the electric drive unit, it is also possible that the Eiektromaschine supports the engine during the propulsion of the motor vehicle by working as a motor, so that the overall performance of the motor vehicle ^¬ is increased. It is conceivable, but, conversely, that the Eiektromaschine when accelerating the vehicle operates by the internal combustion engine in the generator operation, and ^¬ taps off a portion of the acceleration performance. The electric drive unit can also be used as a starter for the motor vehicle. A realization of the above-mentioned modes of operation of the electric drive unit in combination with the internal combustion engine is in particular possible in that optionally the inner element or the outer element takes over the role of the stator or the rotor. Furthermore, a pure

realize internal combustion engine operation by the one or more coupling means, which rotatably connects the output region of the drive unit to its drive region and thus creates a rigid drive between the engine and the wheels. Finally, the electric drive unit can be integrated in almost any motor vehicle with internal combustion engine, especially in cars, but also in trucks, land vehicles, garbage trucks or the like.

The electric drive unit preferably has fixing means for selective

Preventing rotation of the inner or outer member so that the inner member and the outer member are selectively operable as a rotor or as a stator. The fixing means are preferably designed as suitable brakes or blocking devices which block either the inner member or the outer member rotationally fixed, ie prevent at least temporarily from rotating. Particularly preferred is also an electric drive unit, in which the

Output section is connected to the inner element of the Eiektromaschine or in other words is associated with the inner element. However, it is conceivable that the output area is assigned to the outer element of the electric machine, i. E. communicates with this. Likewise, the

Drive area to be connected to the inner element of the Eiektromaschine, or the drive area is connected to the outer element of the Eiektromaschine

connected. So there are several constellations conceivable in which the elements of Eiektromaschine can be assigned to the input and output range.

Preferably, it is also provided that the coupling means is rotatably connected to the outer element and engages in the activated state for producing a rotationally fixed connection between the drive region and the output region on the inner element. In another embodiment of the invention, however, can also be provided that the Kuppiungsmittel is rotatably connected to the inner member and engages in the activated state for producing a rotationally fixed connection between the drive portion and the output portion of the outer member. It is understood that the coupling means is simultaneously designed to release a rotationally fixed connection between the output region and the drive region of the electric motor, so that the output region and the drive region can rotate independently of one another at different rotational speeds. In a further embodiment it can be provided that the

Coupling the inner element on the drive side or driven side passes through. Finally, another embodiment is preferred in which the

Coupling means are formed quasi two-part and comprise a first Kupplungsseiement and a second coupling element, wherein the first coupling element passes through the inner element on the drive side and the second coupling element passes through the inner element on the output side.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the inner element or the outer element is at least indirectly displaceable by the internal combustion engine, so for example by the transmission output in rotary motion, while the other element for driving at least one wheel of the

Motor vehicle is formed. This also makes it possible in an advantageous manner that the inner element and the outer element optionally as a stator or as a rotor can serve. Here, it is preferably still provided that the inner member and the outer member are rotatably mounted to each other.

A further embodiment may be configured such that the inner element is designed as a rotor and the outer element as a stator and the inner element can be coupled to the internal combustion engine and to at least one wheel, i. that is, the inner member is connected to the drive portion and the driven portion, while the outer member is not connected to either member. However, it is also conceivable in this embodiment that the outer element is connected to the output region, so that therefore both the inner element and the outer element are connected to the output region.

Particularly preferred is an electric machine whose inner element has permanent magnets and whose outer element has a winding package. The winding package of the outer element is preferably fed via sliding contacts, which in the blocked operation, ie when the coupling means are activated and connect the inner member and the outer member rotationally fixed, displaced away from the shaft, in particular pivoted away or folded away. The sliding contacts are thus preferably displaceable from a first to a second functional position, when the inner element and the outer element form a rigid drive to realize a pure internal combustion engine operation. By folding away the sliding contacts are unnecessary wear, friction and unwanted

Noise is avoided when the electric motor is not used. The sliding contacts have the additional advantage that no complex electrical control of the electric machine is needed.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the inner element of the electric machine can be coupled to the transmission output. The outer element is then preferably connected to the differential and is designed in this way for driving at least one wheel of the motor vehicle. The arrangement of

Electric drive unit between the engine or between the transmission and the differential is particularly advantageous because in this way a single electric drive unit is sufficient to realize a variety of functions and modes.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the inner element of the electric machine with a Kreuzgeienkwelle associated with a wheel is connectable. Finally, it is particularly advantageous that the electric machine can be operated as a motor and as a generator, wherein obtained in the generator mode

Energy can feed a battery and / or at least one other drive machine or the like can be fed.

Finally, in a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the inner element of the electric machine with a hub and a so

connected adapter element of a spezieilen wheelset is connectable, so that the electric drive unit is at least partially, preferably completely integrated into a wheelset. The outer element of the electric machine is then

preferably connectable to the rim of the wheelset.

To solve the above object, a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a transmission and a differential with the features of claim 22 is proposed. The motor vehicle is characterized in that it has a cooperating with the internal combustion engine electric drive unit according to one of claims 1 to 21. This results in the advantages already outlined above.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the electric drive unit is arranged in the drive train of the vehicle between the internal combustion engine or the transmission and the differential.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that in each case an electric drive unit is arranged in the drive train of the vehicle between the differential and an associated wheel. One element of the electric machine of the electric drive unit is then preferably connected to the differential and the other element to the Kreuzgeienkwelle. Overall, it is particularly advantageous that the electric drive unit is integrated as an intermediate element in a shaft driven by the internal combustion engine.

Furthermore, an embodiment may be provided in which the electrical

Drive unit is at least partially, but preferably completely integrated into a wheel, which has a rim and a hub, which are rotatably connected to each other. The drive unit then preferably has switchable clutch center integrated in the wheelset! for non-rotatable connection of the inner and the Preferably, the inner member is connected to the hub and the outer member to the rim of the wheelset.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a in a wheelset

integrated electric drive unit according to a first

Embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a motor vehicle with an intermediate

Transmission and differential arranged electric drive unit according to a second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of two arranged between the differential and the universal joint of the wheels electrical

Drive units according to a third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic detail view of the electric drive unit

according to FIG. 3 in a first operating state;

Fig. 5 is a schematic detail view of the electric drive unit

in a second operating state according to FIG. 3;

Fig. 6 is a schematic detail view of the electric drive unit

according to a fourth embodiment of the invention in a first operating state,

Fig. 7 is a schematic detail view of the electrical Anträebseinheit

according to the fourth embodiment of the invention in a second operating condition;

Fig. 8 is a schematic detail view of the electric drive unit

according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 9 is a schematic detail view of the electric drive unit

according to a sixth embodiment of the invention. Fig. 1 shows an electric drive unit 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The electric drive unit 1 comprises an electric machine 3 which has an inner element 5 and a coaxially arranged outer, ie radial

outer element 7 has. Furthermore, the electric drive unit 1 has fixations which effect a selective blocking of a rotational movement of the inner element 5 or of the outer element 7, so that the inner element 5 and the outer element 7 can be selectively operated as a rotor and as a stator, as will be described later is explained.

Of the fixing means here only a braking device 9 can be seen, which serves to prevent rotational movement of the inner member 5, so that when an activation or actuation of the braking device 9, the inner member 5 of the electric machine 3 to the stator. The brake device 9 is attached to the suspension 11 and engages a peripheral circumferential projection of the shaft extension 13, which is connected to the Achswellenantrieb or with the universal joint shaft 15, which in turn connected to the differential, not shown here via the transmission to the engine is. If the brake device 9 is released and a switchable coupling 17 is activated, which connects the Kreuzgelenkweile 15 with the inner member 5, 15, a rotational movement of the inner member 5 can be effected via the engine, the transmission, the differential and the Achswellenantrieb.

The electric drive unit 1 is integrated into a special wheel set 19 at least in regions, namely, in particular, with the electric machine 3 in FIG. 1 according to a first embodiment. The wheel set 19 comprises a rim 21, which carries a tire 23 and a hub 25, wherein the hub 25 and the rim 21 are rotatably connected to each other via a bearing 27, in particular a rolling bearing. FIG. 1 makes it clear that the hub 25 is formed by the radially inward-lying element of the bearing 27.

The wheelset 19 is connectable via an adapter element 29 to the wheel hub 31 of any vehicle. For this purpose, the adapter element 29 is designed such and in particular has a pitch circle number and corresponding diameter, which are tuned to a particular vehicle type, so that the special wheelset 19 with almost any vehicle is connectable. The adapter element 29 is fittingly inserted into the hub 25 and against an axial displacement relative to the hub 25th secured. The Adaptereiement 29 and the hub 25 are preferably connected to each other preferably non-rotatably.

In addition, FIG. 1 makes it clear that the outer member 7 of the electric drive unit 1 is disposed on an inner surface of the rim 21, the outer member 7 extending annularly on the inner surface of the rim 21. Conversely, it is conceivable that the inner element 5 is arranged on the wheel hub 31 or directly on the hub 25. By the bearing 27, which connects the hub 25 and thus the adapter element 29 rotatably connected to the Fig 21, and the inner member 5 is rotatably mounted relative to the outer member 7.

The electric ant iebseinheit 1 has a drive region A, which is in the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the inner element 5 in conjunction and essentially by the universal joint shaft 15, the shaft extension 13 the

Adapter element 29 and the hub 25 is formed. Furthermore, the electric drive unit 1 has an output region B, which is connected to the outer element 7 and is essentially formed by the rim 21.

The electric drive unit 1 further comprises a coupling means 33, which can solve or establish a rotationally fixed connection between the drive portion A and the output portion B de electric drive unit 1, whereby simultaneously a rotationally fixed connection between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 is effected. For this purpose, the coupling means 33 is non-rotatably connected to the output area B, namely connected to the rim 21 and switchable, so that upon activation of the coupling means 33 this acts on an end face 35 of the adapter element 29, ie on the drive region A and thus a rotationally fixed connection between the can create both elements.

The suspension Ii is connected via a bearing 37 with the switchable coupling 17 having shaft extension 13, so that when a dissolved

Braking device 9 and an activated clutch 17, a rotational movement of the shaft extension 13, the adapter element 29 and the hub 25 and thus the inner member 5 results, if the engine is running.

The inner element 5 preferably has a permanent magnet or is designed as such, while the outer element 7 preferably as a Wickiungspaket is designed, which can be fed via sliding contacts. If that

Coupling means 33 is activated and thus a relative rotational movement between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 is excluded, the sliding contacts can be swiveled away or -geklappt, whereby unnecessary wear, friction and noise are avoided, If the coupling means 33 is thus activated, the inner member 5 is rigidly connected to the outer member 7 and forms a rigid drive.

Overall, it turns out that the electric machine 3 virtually forms a wheel hub motor, but the inner element 5 and the outer element 7 can optionally function as a rotor or as a stator. The inner element 5 and the outer element 7 thus form a "double rotor". The fixing means, which allow a blocking of the inner element 5 and the outer element 7, are described in US Pat

Embodiment of FIG. 1 formed by the braking device 9, a

Blocking of the inner member 5 can cause, and by the vehicle brake, not shown in Fig. 1, which can cause a blocking of the outer member 7.

The arrangement of the electric machine, as shown in Fig. 1, increases the weight of a wheel and thus has an influence on the unsprung mass of the vehicle, therefore, appropriate measures must be taken so that the driving performance is not affected due to the heavier wheels. Such measures have already been discussed in the prior art in connection with conventional wheel hub motors, so that will not be discussed further here.

Preferably, only the two "normal" front tires of a vehicle are replaced by a wheel set 19 shown in Fig. 1, if the vehicle has a

Front-wheel drive has. The same can of course also apply to a vehicle with rear-wheel drive or four-wheel drive. Numerous operating modes can be realized by the electric drive unit 1 according to the invention, in particular by the combination of the electric machine 3 and its (indirect) connection to the internal combustion engine and the shiftable clutch 17 and the braking device 9

Vehicle overall system achieve high efficiencies. This is especially true for the choice of favorable operating points of the internal combustion engine for any speed to be traveled. Especially for agricultural vehicles, the concept supports practical applications. So offers the generator operation of the wheel hub motors Stylish vehicle with a very powerful mobile power source. Similarly, the wheel hub motors allow finely controlled maneuvering at very slow speeds. Also for refuse vehicles, the electric drive unit 1 is suitable according to the invention.

By the electric drive unit 1 in conjunction with the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle, not shown here, it is possible in an advantageous manner that the wheelset 19 is driven exclusively by the internal combustion engine. For this purpose, the Kupplungsmittei 33 are activated, which engage the end face 35 of the adapter element 29 and thus prevent a relative rotational movement between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7. The inner member 5 and the outer member 7 then form a rigid drive.

Furthermore, it is provided in this purely internal combustion engine operating mode that the switchable coupling 17 is activated, so that therefore a rotationally fixed connection between the inner element 5 and the universal joint shaft 15 is made. Finally, the braking device 9 still has to be loosened so that a relative movement of the inner element 5 relative to the suspension 11 can take place. Then, a driving operation of the motor vehicle is effected exclusively by the internal combustion engine, whereby a power transmission from the internal combustion engine via the transmission and the differential and the Kreuzgelenkwelie to the wheel 19 takes place.

It is particularly advantageous that through the non-rotatable connection between the drive region A and the output region B and thus between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 through the switchable Kupplungsmittei 33 a ferry operation of the motor vehicle by the engine without slippage can be done as a relative rotational movement between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 is completely avoided.

On the other hand, this also allows a pure electromotive driving operation. In this mode of operation, the Kupplungsmittei 33 is released, so that is a

Relative movement between the drive region A and the output region B or between the axle drive 15 and the rim 21 or, to put it another way, between the inner element 5 and the outer element 7 can take place.

Furthermore, the switchable coupling 17 is closed and the braking device 9 is activated, whereby a rotational movement of the axle drive or the

Universal joint shaft 15 and thus of the inner element 5 is avoided, so that the inner Eiement 5 thus acts as a stator, while the outer member 7 performs a rotational movement by the electromagnetic forces of the electric machine 3 and thus acts as (outer) rotor, whereby the motor vehicle is driven. The braking device 9 prevents, as I said, a rotational movement of the

Universal joint shaft 15 to secure the combustion engine against towing. It is understood that the vehicle brake must be solved for the above-described driving operation of the vehicle. In this mode of operation is the

Combustion engine preferably still and is additionally blocked against towing by the braking device 9. The electric machine 3 is preferably powered by a battery, not shown in FIG. 1.

At a standstill of the motor vehicle, the electric drive unit 1 and in particular the electric machine 3 can be used in a further operating mode as a generator and feed a battery or power other consumers. For this purpose, the outer member 7 is prevented from rotating by corresponding fixing means, not shown here, in particular by a vehicle brake integrated in the rim 21, so that therefore a rotational movement of the rim 21 with the tire 23 is avoided. The fixing means are as mentioned preferably integrated in the rim 21 of the vehicle and also serve as a vehicle brake. In this mode of operation, the outer element 7 acts as a stator. Furthermore, the switchable coupling 17 is activated and the braking device 9 is released, so that the inner element 5 is set on the universal joint shaft 15 by the internal combustion engine in a rotary motion and thus acts as a rotor. As a result of the rotational movement of the inner element 5 in the magnetic field of the outer stationary element 7, a current is induced in the electric machine 3, which in turn induces the battery or other consumers, in particular

Drive machines can feed.

In a further operating mode, the electric drive unit 1 can be used at standstill of the vehicle as a starter for the internal combustion engine. For this purpose, the outer member 7 must be prevented by the vehicle brake to a rotational movement, so that the outer element 7 acts as a stator. By contrast, the inner element 5 assumes the function of the rotor in this operating mode. The electric machine is then operated as a motor by appropriate activation and power supply by a battery, in particular via sliding contacts. It is understood that for this purpose the coupling means 33 must be solved. The inner element 5 acting as a rotor can then be used as a handle for the internal combustion engine. According to the present invention, it is also possible to operate the electric drive unit 1 in combination with the internal combustion engine in further operating modes, as set forth below,

By means of the present invention, it is also possible to optimize the starting process of a motor vehicle by making it possible to start off without a sliding coupling or a hydraulic torque converter. These

Application possibility of the electric drive unit 1 is particularly advantageous because in this way, as mentioned, the startup by means of a sliding coupling is obsolete. Usually, in vehicles with manual transmission when starting a clutch release is indispensable to the speed range of

Internal combustion engine up to Leerlaufdrehzah! to bridge, otherwise the

The present invention obviates this need, as will be explained below.

In the starting mode of operation of the internal combustion engine, for example, runs at a suitable constant speed of for example n = 1,500 min ^'1 , while the switchable coupling means 33 is opened, the switchable clutch 17 is closed and the braking device 9 is released, so that a rotational movement of the inner member 5 relative to the outer element 7 can take place. By the relative rotational movement of the drive portion A relative to the output range B or the relative

Rotary movement between the inner member 5 relative to the outer member 7, the internal combustion engine without slipping clutch to the desired

Starting speed can be raised without the engine is off. By the rotating inner member 5, an electromagnetic force is exerted on the outer member 7, which is then set in rotary motion. The electric machine 3 operates in generator mode in this operating mode. About the recuperation of the electric machine 3, i. on the regulation of the power feedback of the electric machine 3 in the generator mode acting on the wheel

Approach torque to be regulated.

Overall, the starting mode described above is particularly advantageous because it allows the engine without the need for a sliding clutch when starting up to an optimal engine speed can be increased. By a combined operation of the electric drive unit 1 and a

Internal combustion engine, it is also possible in a further feasible operating mode, while driving the motor vehicle with open coupling means 33 and a dissolved brake device 9 and an activated switchable

In this operating mode, the internal combustion engine drives the motor vehicle through the inner element 5, while the electric machine 3 operates in external rotor or hub motor mode, ie additionally via the battery The outer element 7 then rotates by the electromagnetic forces of the electric motor 3 at a higher speed than the inner element 5. In this mode of operation, therefore, both the inner element 5 and the outer element 7 act as a rotor, whereby an increase in the Speed of the wheelset 19 and thus an increase in the total drive power results .The electric machine 3 supports the engine in this operating mode.

Again, with the clutch 33 not activated, activated switchable coupling means 17 and dissolved brake device 9 is another operating mode can be realized in which the rotational speeds of the engine and the electric machine 3 are "subtracted", so that is part of the drive power of the engine in the propulsion of the vehicle and another part of the drive power of the internal combustion engine is recuperated by the electric machine 3, ie in the

Generator operation of the electric machine 3 in a battery or the like

is fed back. In this mode of operation thus runs the internal combustion engine, which drives the vehicle via the inner element 5, while the

Electric machine 3 excess drive power "absorbed." By the relative rotational movement between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 results in the resulting input speed of a wheel as the difference between the

Engine speed and the speed of the electric machine 3, so that the engine can be driven at a particularly favorable operating point. The excess drive power of the internal combustion engine, i. the recovered through the recuperation of electricity can either be fed into the battery or other electric motors are supplied, such as smaller wheel hub motors on the vehicle rear axle, which serve only as a traction help.

FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of an electric drive unit 1 arranged in a motor vehicle 39 in the drive train of a motor vehicle between the engine / transmission unit 41 and the differential gear 43 is. The electric drive unit 1 is integrated as an intermediate element in the shaft 45 between the engine / transmission unit 41 and the differential 43, as it were. The electric drive unit 1 in turn has fixing means for

selectively preventing rotational movement of the inner member 5 or the outer member 7, so that the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 are selectively operable as a rotor or as a stator.

Furthermore, coupling means 47 are provided for non-rotatably connecting a drive region A to a drive region B. In the present exemplary embodiment, the drive region A is connected to the inner element 5 and the output region B is connected to the outer element B. Thus, by the operation of the coupling means 47 and a rotationally fixed connection between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 is effected or released upon deactivation of the coupling means 33, so that the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 is a rigid

Through drive can form, if this is for a particular operating mode

is desirable.

The Kuppiungsmittel 47 is formed here purely by way of example as a double coupling element and will also be referred to in the following. Contrary to the

Embodiment of Fig. 1, the double coupling member 47 is rotatably connected to the drive portion A and thus connected to the inner member 5 of the electric machine 3 and engages in the activated state of the outer member 7, which is connected to the output portion B. In FIG. 2, the drive region A coincides in principle with the transmission output 49 of the engine / transmission unit 41, while the output region B is formed by the shaft 45.

In the present case, the double coupling element 47 has not only the function of producing or releasing a non-rotatable connection between the drive and the driven region, but by means of an axial displacement of the double

Coupling member 47, for example by means of a mechanical device in the transmission, along a rotation axis D of the electric machine 3 can also

Combustion engine 41 and the inner member 5 are blocked, so that a purely electric driving operation by means of the electric machine 3 is possible, in which the inner member 5 acts as a stator. The double coupling element 47 then simultaneously acts as a fixing means for the inner element 5. It should be made clear at this point once again that the drive region A and the output region B of the electric drive unit 1 are quasi decoupled from each other by the electric machine 3, in particular by the inner and the outer element. Only by the activation of the coupling means 47, this decoupling can be canceled and a rigid drive between the drive and the drive area are created, the electric machine 3 are thus virtually bypassed. When bridging the electric machine 3, the vehicle is driven exclusively by the internal combustion engine.

2 makes it clear that the inner element 5 of the electric machine 3 is connected to the transmission output 49 via the double coupling element 47, while the outer element 7 is connected via the shaft 45 to the differentia 43 and thus adapted to the wheels 51 drive.

Also with the electric drive unit 1 according to that shown in Fig. 2

Embodiment in which the drive unit 1 is arranged in the drive train between the engine / transmission unit 41 and the differential 43, all operating modes described in connection with FIG. 1 can be realized.

For an operating mode in which the vehicle is to be driven while driving exclusively via the internal combustion engine, the coupling means for the rotationally fixed connection of the drive region A to the output region B of the inner element 5 with the outer element 7 are to be activated, so that the double coupling element 47 so axially along the axis of rotation D in the direction of

Electric machine 3 must be moved, that a relative rotational movement between the drive portion A and the output portion B and thus between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 is no longer possible and they form a rigid drive.

Preferably, in this operating mode, it is again provided that the sliding contacts abutting the outer element 5 or its winding packages are folded away, so that wear and possible noise development are avoided. In this mode of operation, the wheels 51 are set in motion via the engine / gear unit 41, the shaft 45, the differential 43, and the universal joint shafts 15. It is understood that in contrast to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 in the embodiment of FIG. 2, no special wheelsets 19 are imperative, as shown in FIG. 1. In another operating mode, the electric drive unit 1 according to the embodiment of FIG. 2 allows drive of the wheels 51 exclusively by the electric machine 3. For this purpose, the fixing means for selectively preventing rotational movement of the inner and outer members are activated such that the outer member 7 as a rotor and the inner element 5 acts as a stator. For this purpose, the double coupling element 47 is displaced in the direction of the internal combustion engine / embossing unit 41 in the direction of the axis of rotation D, so that it is no longer possible to move the inner element 5 relative to the transmission unit 41. Of the

Internal combustion engine is preferably switched off in this operating state. The inner element 5 thereby becomes the stator, while the outer element 7 acts as a rotor, which is connected to the output region B and the electric machine 3, as an external rotor motor, drives the shaft 45, which causes a rotational movement of the wheels 51.

Due to the advantageous arrangement of the electric drive unit 1 between the Vebrennungsmotor- / gear unit 41 and the differential 43, it is possible in an advantageous manner to drive two wheels 51 by a single electric drive unit 1 at the same time. In order to bring about a rotational movement of the outer element 7 acting as an outer rotor in this operating mode, current is supplied to the winding packages of the outer element 7 preferably via sliding contacts from a battery.

The electric drive unit 1 can also be used as a generator when the vehicle is at a standstill. Here, the fixing means for selectively preventing a rotational movement of the inner member 5 or the outer member 7 are designed such that the outer member 7 acts as a stator, for example by the vehicle brakes are activated on the wheels 51. Furthermore, that is double

Coupling element 47 in a "neutral" position or not activated, so that so that the inner member 5 driven by the gear output 49 rotates, so that the inner member 5 forms an inner rotor, which coincides with the speed of the

Transmission output 49 rotates. As a result of the rotational movement of the inner element 5 in the magnetic field of the outer element 7, a current is induced in the electric machine 3, which in particular is supplied to one battery or to another

Drive machine can be supplied. It is understood that the coupling means 47 may not be activated in this operating state, so that the drive region A and the output region B are decoupled from each other. In another operating state, it is possible that the electric drive unit 1 serves as a starter of the internal combustion engine, wherein the electric machine 3 is operated as a motor and starts the internal combustion engine. For this purpose, the outer member 7 acts as a stator, which is effected by appropriately provided fixing means, in particular by the vehicle brake, while the inner member 5 is freely rotatably mounted in the inner member 5. The coupling means 47 must in turn be deactivated, so that the drive region A and the

Output range B are decoupled from each other. By a power supply via the sliding contacts to the outer member 7, a rotational movement of the inner member 5 is effected in accordance with a motor operation, so that the electric machine 3 operates in this operating mode quasi as an internal rotor motor. By the rotational movement of the inner member 5, the internal combustion engine can then be started in the manner of a conventional starter.

Also explained with reference to FIG. 1 combined use of the electric drive unit 1 with the internal combustion engine 41 is in the

Embodiment of FIG. 2 readily possible. Thus, a start without a sliding Kuppiung or a hydraulic torque converter can be realized by the internal combustion engine is raised to a suitable constant speed value, for example, n = 1,500 min ¹ , wherein the starting torque or the torque acting on the tire via the ekuperation of the electric machine is regulated, that is, the proportion of the electricity fed back in

Generator operation of the electric machine 3 in the battery.

For this purpose, the drive area A and the output area B must be decoupled from each other, the Kupplungsmittei 47 thus be deactivated and a relative

Rotary movement between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 may be possible.

In addition, in turn, an "addition" or "subtraction" of the rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine 3 while driving is possible. For this purpose, the double coupling element 47 is arranged in a Neutraisteliung, so that therefore both the inner Eiement 5 and the outer member 7 of the electric machine 3 act as a rotor, wherein the inner member 5 is driven via the engine / transmission unit 41 and the outer Eiement 7 on the one hand by the rotational movement of the inner member 5 and additionally by a power supply to the outer member 5 is displaced in a relative movement to the inner member 5, whereby the outer member 7 rotates faster than the inner member. 5

As a result, the total drive power of the internal combustion engine through the

Eugenktromaschine 3 amplified, since the speed of the wheels of the speed of the transmission output 49 plus the power supplied by the increased rotational speed of the outer member 7 relative to the inner member 5 results.

In a "subtraction" of the rotational speeds while driving the motor vehicle, however, the engine can drive the vehicle, while the rotational speed of the Eiektromaschine 3, that is, the rotational speed of the outer member 7 is lower than that of the inner member 5, so that the output rotational speed at the time The excess drive power of the motor can be recuperated by the electric machine, which operates in generator mode and can supply the generated power to, for example, a battery or the like, thereby enabling the internal combustion engine to operate at a particularly favorable operating point be driven.

Likewise, it is again conceivable that an "addition" of the rotational speeds takes place in such a way that the internal combustion engine drives the vehicle, while the electric machine 3 is additionally supplied with power via a battery (not shown here), resulting in an increase in the rotational speed of the wheels 51 and thus in a Increase the

Total power.

Overall, it is clear that can be implemented with the electric drive unit 1 in the embodiment of FIG. 2, a variety of operating modes, so that by the various options in particular by the combination of

Internal combustion engine with the electric drive unit 1 a particularly efficient energy management of the vehicle overall system is ensured. In particular, this makes it possible to set the internal combustion engine at its lowest operating point at any speed to be traveled.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which between the differential 43 and the Kreuzgeienkwellen 15 which are connected to the wheels 51, not shown in Fig. 3, in each case an electric drive unit 1 is arranged. The electric drive unit 1 in turn comprises a drive region A and an output region B as well as an electric machine 3 with an inner element 5 and an outer element 7. Contrary to the first two exemplary embodiments but not the inner member 5, but the outer member 7 connected to the drive portion A, while the inner member 5 is connected to the output portion B. As in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the electric drive unit 1 preferably has fixing means for selectively preventing it

Rotary movement of the inner member 5 or the outer member 7, so that the inner member and the outer member are selectively operable as a rotor or as a stator, as well as coupling means 47 for releasing and establishing a rotationally fixed connection between the drive portion A and the output portion B, ie for the rotationally fixed connection of the inner member 5 with the outer member 7. The drive and the driven area are again decoupled from each other in the deactivated state of the coupling means 47 and only by the activation of the coupling means 47, namely by an axial displacement along the axis of rotation D in the direction of Eiektromaschine 3 rotatably coupled. The coupling means 47 is preferably designed as a double coupling element and non-rotatably connected to the output region B, that is to say connected to the inner element 5.

The fixatives and the coupling agents may also be in the double

Coupling 47 be united. However, it is also conceivable to provide a part of the fixing means and the coupling means in the double coupling element 47, while further fixing center! are integrated in the wheels 51, for example in the form of braking devices. The embodiment of FIG. 3 and the rest of the Fig. 2 is particularly advantageous because a larger unsprung mass of the vehicle is avoided by the arrangement of the electric drive unit 1 in the drive train of the vehicle, since the electric drive unit 1 rather the sprung mass of Vehicle influenced.

Contrary to the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 the inner element 5 is designed to drive a wheel 51 of the motor vehicle 39, whereas in the two other embodiments the outer element 5 is designed to drive at least one wheel 51. In principle, the

Arrangement or, the assignment of the elements in each of the embodiments, however, also be the other way round.

3 also makes clear that the outer element 7 is an electric drive unit 1 connected to the differential 43 and from there via the shaft 45 to the internal combustion engine / transmission unit 41, not shown in FIG. The area between the differential and the Eiektromaschine 3 thus forms quasi the drive section A. Again, the electric drive unit 1 allows both the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 of the electric machine 3 to function selectively as a rotor and as a stator, depending on the desired mode of operation. For this purpose, only an axial displacement of the double coupling element 47 in the direction of the axis of rotation D corresponding to the desired operating mode is necessary,

The double coupling member 47 is as mentioned preferably rotatably connected to the inner member 5 and thus allows by an axial displacement along the inner member 5 in the direction of the differential 43 a rotationally fixed connection between the inner member 5 and the outer member 7, so that these two Elements form a rigid connection, so a rigid drive. In this mode of operation, the wheels 51 are exclusively by the

Internal combustion engine 41 driven. The sliding contacts, which feed the winding packs of the outer element 7 with power from a battery, are in this

Operating mode preferably displaced into a second functional division, namely folded away from the outer member 7 in order to avoid unnecessary wear.

In a second mode of operation, the outer element 7 is prevented from rotating by suitable fixing means, which for example can also be integrated in the double coupling element 47, so that the outer element 7 forms a stator. For example, it is conceivable that the double coupling element 47 engages in an axial displacement in the direction of the differential 43 at this, so that the drive region A is blocked in this mode of operation are the

Slip contacts with the winding packages of the outer member 7 in connection and feed this with electricity, so that a rotational movement of the freely movable inner member 5, which acts as an inner rotor, is effected. The rotational movement of the inner element 5 thus also causes a rotational movement of the universal joint shafts 15 and thus of the wheels 51. The wheels 51 can be driven in this operating mode exclusively via the electric machine 3, which acts as an internal rotor motor.

In a further mode of operation, the electric drive unit 1 can be used as a generator by the inner element 5 at a rotational movement by suitable

Fixiermitte !, In particular, is prevented by the vehicle brake and the outer member 7 rotates indirectly driven by the internal combustion engine via the shaft 45 and the differential 43 to the inner member 5 around, so that a current is induced in the electric machine 3, which in this Operating mode preferably a battery or the like feeds. In generator operation of the electric machine 3, in principle, the element acting as a stator should be fixed by suitable means, since otherwise it experiences electromagnetic forces due to the rotation of the rotor, which can cause it to rotate.

As with the other two embodiments, it is also possible in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 that the electric Ant iebseinheit 1 serves as a starter of the engine by acting as an electric motor, in which in particular the outer member 7 to the non-rotatably fixed inner member 5 rotates so that the electric machine 3 functions as an external rotor motor. The inner element 5 is preferably in this operating condition by the appropriate

Fixing, in particular fixed by the vehicle brake.

It is also conceivable that all fixing and coupling means are deactivated, i. So that both the inner element 5 and the outer member 7 are rotatably mounted to each other, so that the two elements with different

Can rotate speeds. Thereby, it is possible that the outer member 7 is rotated by the internal combustion engine (via the shaft 45 and the differential 43) and by an additional supply of the electric machine 3 with a current a rotational movement of the inner member 5 is effected, which can serve to increase the speed and thus the Gesamtantriebsieistung the motor vehicle.

However, it is also conceivable that the speed is reduced during driving of the motor vehicle by the internal combustion engine drives the vehicle, wherein the outer member 7 is rotated by the internal combustion engine in a rotary motion, while the electric machine 3 at the same time a part of the drive power of

Internal combustion engine recuperated in generator mode. As a result, a part of the engine power by induction in the form of electricity in the

Electric machine 3 fed, whereby a speed difference arises, through which the engine can be driven in a favorable operating point.

Overall, it can be seen that both the inner element 5 and the outer element 7 can have suitable fixing devices, in particular brakes or the like blocking devices, so that the inner element 5 or the outer element 7 can act either as a stator or as a rotor, Es is understood that the drive of the electric drive unit 1 is not necessarily on the It is also conceivable that the drive or the coupling with another electric drive unit or the like is conceivable.

It should be mentioned at this point that usually there is no direct connection of the electric drive unit 1 with the internal combustion engine, but rather an indirect connection through the transmission output 49, the shaft 45, the differential 43 or the Kreuzgelenkwelien 15 consists. Overall, therefore, at least in the embodiments shown here, either the inner or the outer element is offset indirectly via the drive region A by the internal combustion engine into a rotational movement.

4 and 5 show the electric drive unit 1 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 in an enlarged view with different switching states of the switchable coupling means 47.

The Kupplungsmittei 47 is purely exemplary rotationally fixed to the drive portion A and thus connected to the inner member 5. Der Antriebsmotor 6 ist mit dem Antriebswelle A verbunden. The outer element 7 is connected to the output area B. In FIG. 4, the coupling means 47 is in a deactivated state, whereby the drive region A and the output region B are decoupled from each other, so that no bridging of the electric machine 3 takes place and the two elements 5 and 7 consequently do not form a rigid unit, but rather relative Rotary movements can perform to each other.

In contrast, in FIG. 5, the double coupling element 47 is shown in a closed or activated functional division by being displaced in the direction of the electric machine 3 along the axis of rotation D and thus engaging the inner element 5 and the outer element 7 form two elements a rigid unit and a drive of the wheels 51 only by means of the internal combustion engine 41 is possible. In this functional division of the coupling element 47, the drive region A is non-rotatably connected to the output region B of the electric drive unit 1.

The drive region A is assigned here purely by way of example to the inner element 5. It is equally conceivable that the output region B is assigned to the inner element 5 and the drive region A to the outer element 7. Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the invention. Purely by way of example is the drive portion A of the electric drive unit 1, the inner element 5 of

Electric machine 3 assigned. Contrary to the preceding exemplary embodiments, in FIG. 6 the output region B is assigned both the inner element 5 and also the outer element 7. While the inner member is formed quasi integral with the output portion B, the outer member 7 is non-rotatable with the

Output range B connected. The inner and the outer element are rotatably mounted and thus both can be used either as a rotor or as a stator.

Furthermore, a coupling means 53 is provided, which on the output side, the shaft 45 passes through, the coupling means 53 is thus formed virtually integral with the output region B and cooperates exclusively with the inner member 5.

FIG. 6 shows the coupling means 47 in an open functional division, in which the drive region A and the output region B are decoupled from one another, as well as the inner and the outer element. In this functional position of the coupling means 47, the electric machine 3 can operate in generator mode and thus serve as a generator, provided that the vehicle brake is applied and the outer member 7 is thus fixed. Furthermore, in this operating state is the

Approaching the vehicle without sliding coupling possible, provided that

Vehicle brake is released. It is crucial in this embodiment that the coupling means 47 is disposed in the output region B between the inner member 5 and the connection point 54 of the outer member 7 with the output portion B.

A purely electric motor operation is possible by the embodiment of FIG. 6 by the inner member 5 is fixed with the coupling means 47 open by suitable, not shown in the figure means and thus acts as a stator. The outer element 7 and thus connected to the wheels 51 output area B then performs under power supply from a rotational movement, which drive the wheels. The electric machine 3 then works as an external rotor motor.

In Fig. 7, the schaitbare coupling means 47 in a closed

Functional division shown. It is clear that the drive region A and the output region B and thus the inner member 5 and the outer member 7 rotatably are interconnected so that a rigid drive is formed, which allows a pure internal combustion engine operation.

It thus appears that even with the embodiment of the invention according to FIGS. 6 and 7, all the operating modes described above can be carried out. Also, the "addition" or "subtraction" of rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine 3, that is, a combined electromotive and

Internal combustion engine operation, are possible with the embodiment of the electric drive unit 1 according to FIGS. 6 and 7.

In Fig. 8, a further embodiment of the invention is shown, in which the outer member 7 is formed as a fixed stator which is rotatably held in a suitable bearing, not shown. The coupling means is here formed in two parts and comprises a first coupling element 55a and a second

Coupling element 55b. Both Kupplungsseiemente 55a and 55b are associated with the inner element 5 and enforce this, wherein the first Kupplungseiement 55a, the inner element 5 in the drive region A and the second coupling element 55b, the inner element 5 in the output region B passes.

In Fig. 8 both switchable Kupplungsseiemente are shown in an open state. The electric machine 3 is connected aiso neither with the engine nor with the wheels, but rather is completely decoupled.

When the first Kupplungseiement 55 a closed and the second Kupplungseiement 55 b is also closed, the drive portion A is non-rotatable with the

Output range B connected and the electric motor 3 is bridged to the internal combustion engine drive. However, by supplying power to the outer member 7, it is possible to increase the rotational speed so that the rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine 3 are "added." It is also possible to operate the electric machine 3 as a generator in this operating state that the speed of the internal combustion engine by a recuperation in the

Electric machine 3 can be reduced.

In the event that only the first Kupplungseiement 55 a closed and the second Kupplungseiement 55 b is opened, that is deactivated, no further connection to the wheels. The electric machine 3 can therefore work in generator mode at standstill of the vehicle. The electric drive unit 1 is then as a generator available. Furthermore, in this operating state, the electric drive unit 1 can serve as a starter.

For the case that the first coupling element 55a is open and the second

Clutch element 55b closed, that is activated, a pure

electromotive operation by the electric drive unit 1 done by the outer element 7, a current is supplied, which the operation of the

Eiektromaschine 3 as internal rotor motor causes.

FIG. 9 shows a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention, which in principle represents a combination of the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 6-8. As in FIG. 8, the coupling means is divided into two and has two coupling elements 55a and 55b. The outer member 7 and the inner member 5 are rotatably mounted and may optionally serve as a rotor or as a stator. The outer member comprises a circumferential circumferential projection 57, which passes through a brake member 59.

In Abtriebsbereich B another coupling member 61 is provided which is rotatably connected to the inner member 5 and which is displaceable along the rotation axis D to come into engagement with the outer member 7.

With the embodiment of the electric drive unit 1 according to FIG. 9, all of the operating modes described above can be realized, as will be explained below.

When both coupling elements 55a and 55b are closed, the drive region A is coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the output region B, and the electric machine 3 is bridged, so that pure internal combustion engine operation can be achieved. In addition, when the clutch 61 is opened and the brake member 59 is activated, the Eiektromaschine 3 can operate simultaneously in the generator mode and thus serves as a generator. A generator operation of the Eiektromaschine 3 is also possible when the vehicle is at rest, when the first Kupplungseiement 55 a closed, the second Kupplungseiement 55 b open, the clutch 61 is opened and the

Bremselement 59 is closed.

Further conceivable is the operation of the Eiektromaschine 3 as a starter for

Internal combustion engine, when the first Kupplungseiement 55 a closed, the second Clutch element 55b is opened, the clutch 61 is opened and the brake element 59 is closed. The electric machine 3 can then cause a rotational movement of the inner member 5 by supplying current to the outer member 7 and thus as

Inneniäufermotor be operated.

Also, the "addition or subtraction" of rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine 3, that is, a combined electromotive and

Internal combustion engine operation, as well as a starting operation without a sliding coupling, are possible with the embodiment of the electric drive unit 1 according to FIG. 9. For this purpose, it is provided that the first coupling element 55a is closed, the second coupling element 55b is opened, the coupling 61 is closed and the brake element 59 is released. The electric machine 3 can then according to the

Embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 5 are operated. It is therefore also referred to the description of the individual operating modes executed there.

The embodiment of the invention of Fig. 9 further allows an operating mode during an ICE drive in which the outer element is replaced by a recuperation, i. So a current return, for example, in a battery, accelerate and at a later time by a

Recuperation, so a power feedback, for example, in separately arranged wheel hub motors can decelerate on another axis, whereby the main shaft is accelerated to the inner member 5. Due to the rotational movement of the inner element 5 and the resulting electromagnetic forces, the outer element 7 mitbeschleunigt with the brake 59 and clutch 61 open, so that the outer element forms a flywheel, which as

Energy storage is because a current can be recuperated by the movement of the outer member 7. The outer element 7 thus serves in this operating mode as a flywheel energy storage.

It is equally conceivable that instead of the outer element 7, the inner element 5 is used as flywheel energy storage. In another

Embodiment may be provided that to use the permanent magnet of the inner member 5 as a flywheel energy storage. As a result, are high

Speed easier to handle. This is the case in particular due to balancing and energy supply. Overall, it is thus evident that even with the electric drive unit 1 according to FIG. 9, a large number of operating modes can be realized which represent a considerable amount of operating mode

To ensure improvement of the energy management of a motor vehicle.

The embodiments according to FIGS. 6 to 9 can be arranged in almost any part of the drive train of a vehicle and in the form of a vehicle

Intermediate element a shaft, in particular the shaft 45 prevail.

It is particularly advantageous that the electric machine is used as a generator by the present invention when the vehicle is stationary and the vehicle brake fixed, which is considered advantageous especially in agriculture. Furthermore, the electric drive unit 1 fulfills a starter function, so that when the vehicle is stationary and the vehicle brake is stationary, the electric machine 3 can start the combustion engine 41. In addition, either the vehicle can only be driven by the electric machine 3 or it erfoigt a drive exclusively via the internal combustion engine. The electric machine can also be used to support the internal combustion engine. Overall, a plurality of operating modes can be realized by the present invention, which allow a particularly efficient energy management of the vehicle.

Bezuqszeicheniiste

I Electric drive unit

3 electric machine

5 inner element

7 outer element

9 brake device

II suspension

13 Welienfortsatz

15 Kreuzgelenkwelie

17 schaitbare clutch

19 wheelset

21 rims

23 tires

25 hub

27 bearings 29 adapter element

31 wheel hub

33 coupling agent

35 front side

37 bearings

39 vehicle

41 internal combustion engine / transmission unit

43 differential

45 wave

47 double coupling element

49 Transmission output

51 wheel

53 Coupling agents

54 connection point

55a first coupling element

55b second coupling element

57 lead

59 Bremsiement

61 Kupplungsseiement

A drive range

B Output range

D rotary axis electric machine

Claims

claims

1. Electric drive unit (1) for an internal combustion engine (41)

comprising a motor vehicle (39) comprising;

- An electric machine (3) comprising an inner member (5) and a coaxially arranged outer member (7), wherein at least the inner member (5) is rotatably mounted to the outer member (7);

- One connected to the electric machine (3) driving range (A), which is at least indirectly coupled to the internal combustion engine (41);

- One connected to the electric machine (3) output region (B), which is for driving at least one wheel (51) at least indirectly coupled thereto, and

- Kupplungsmittei (33, 47, 53, 55a, 55b) for releasing and producing a rotationally fixed connection between the drive region (A) and the output region (B) of the electric drive unit (1).

2. Electric drive unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the output region (B) with the inner element (5) of the electric machine (3) is connected.

3. Electric drive unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the output region (B) with the outer element (7) of the electric machine (3) is connected.

4. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive region (A) is connected to the inner element (5) of the electric machine (3),

5. Electric drive unit according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive region (A) with the outer element (7) of the electric machine (3) is connected.

6. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the Kuppiungsmittel (33) rotatably connected to the outer member (7) and engages in the activated state for producing a rotationally fixed connection between the drive portion (A) and the output portion (B) on the inner element (5).

7. Electric drive unit according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized

characterized in that the coupling means (47) is non-rotatably connected to the inner element (5) and in the activated state for the production of a rotationally fixed connection between the drive region (A) and the

Abtriebsbereich (B) on the outer element (7) attacks.

8. Electric drive unit according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized

in that the coupling means (53) passes through the inner element (5) on the drive side or the driven side.

9. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the coupling means (55a, 55b) comprise a first coupling element (55a) and a second coupling element (55b), wherein the first coupling element (55a) passes through the inner element (5) on the drive side and the second coupling element (55b) penetrates the inner coupling element (55b) Element (5) interspersed on the output side.

10. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the inner element (5) or the outer element (7) at least indirectly by the internal combustion engine (41) in

Rotary movement is displaceable, while the respective other element (7, 5) for driving at least one wheel (51) of the motor vehicle is formed.

11. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner element (5) and the outer element (7) are rotatably mounted.

12. Electric drive unit according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized

in that the inner element (5) is designed as a rotor and the outer element (7) as a stator, and the inner element (5) can be coupled to the internal combustion engine (41) and to at least one wheel (51).

13. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that fixing means for selectively preventing rotational movement of the inner (5) or outer member (7) are provided so that the inner member (5) and the outer member (7) are selectively operable as a rotor or a stator.

14. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the inner element (5) has a

Having permanent magnets.

15. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the outer element (7) has a winding package.

16. Electric drive unit according to claim 15, characterized in that the winding package is fed via sliding contacts.

17. Electric drive unit according to claim 16, characterized in that the sliding contacts from a first to a second functional position

are relocatable.

18. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the inner element (5) with the

Transmission output (49) can be coupled.

19. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the inner element (5) is provided with a

Universal joint shaft (15) can be coupled.

20. Electric drive unit according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the electric machine (3) is operable as a motor and as a generator

21. Electric drive unit according to claim 20, characterized in that the energy obtained in the generator operation of a battery and / or

at least one further drive machine can be fed.

22. Motor vehicle (39) with an internal combustion engine, comprising an electric drive unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 22.

23. Motor vehicle according to claim 22, characterized in that the

electric drive unit (1) is arranged in the drive train of the vehicle between the transmission (41) and the differential (43) or between the internal combustion engine and the transmission.

24. Motor vehicle according to claim 22, characterized in that in each case an electric drive unit (1) in the drive train of the vehicle between the differential (43) and an associated wheel (51) is arranged.

25. Motor vehicle according to claim 22, characterized in that the

electric drive unit (1) is at least partially integrated in a wheel set (19) having a rim (21) and a hub (25) which are rotatably connected to each other.

26. Motor vehicle according to claim 25, characterized in that the

Drive unit (1) in the wheel set (19) integrated switchable coupling means (33) for non-rotatably connecting the inner (5) and the outer member (7).

27. Motor vehicle according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the inner element (5) with the hub (25) and the outer element (7) with the rim (21) of the wheelset (19) is connected.

28. Motor vehicle according to claim 22, characterized in that the electric drive unit (1) is integrated as an intermediate element in a driven by the internal combustion engine while.