FR2630868A1 - Electrical device interposed between a drive shaft and a take-off shaft especially for the transmission of a heavy vehicle - Google Patents
Electrical device interposed between a drive shaft and a take-off shaft especially for the transmission of a heavy vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- FR2630868A1 FR2630868A1 FR8805949A FR8805949A FR2630868A1 FR 2630868 A1 FR2630868 A1 FR 2630868A1 FR 8805949 A FR8805949 A FR 8805949A FR 8805949 A FR8805949 A FR 8805949A FR 2630868 A1 FR2630868 A1 FR 2630868A1
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- rotor
- stator
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- phase
- asynchronous
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/448—Electrical distribution type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with means for synchronisation not incorporated in the clutches
- F16H3/126—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with means for synchronisation not incorporated in the clutches using an electric drive
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K51/00—Dynamo-electric gears, i.e. dynamo-electric means for transmitting mechanical power from a driving shaft to a driven shaft and comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K2006/262—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
- F16H2061/0422—Synchronisation before shifting by an electric machine, e.g. by accelerating or braking the input shaft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un dispositif électrique et électronique destiné à être intercalé entre un arbre tournant moteur et un arbre tournant récepteur, c'est-à-dire sur la chaîne cinématique de transmission entre un moteur et les organes récepteurs qu'il entraine. The present invention relates to an electrical and electronic device intended to be interposed between a rotating motor shaft and a rotating receiver shaft, that is to say on the transmission kinematic chain between a motor and the receiving members which it drives. .
Un tel dispositif peut être utilisé sur la chaîne cinématique de machinés ou d'engins divers, notamment pour assurer à lui seul les fonctions habituellement obtenues au moyen d'un embrayage, d'une boîte à vitesses synchronisée, et d'un générateur d'énergie électrique. Such a device can be used on the kinematic chain of machines or various machines, in particular to perform alone the functions usually obtained by means of a clutch, a synchronized gearbox, and a generator. electric energy.
Parai les applicatiçns possibles, l'utilisation du dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement avantageuse dans le cas où le moteur est un moteur thermique. En effet aux fonctions précitées, le dispositif peut ajouter celle de démarreur pour lancer le moteur thermique. Parai the possible applicatiçns, the use of the device according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case where the engine is a thermal engine. Indeed, to the aforementioned functions, the device can add that of a starter to start the internal combustion engine.
Enfin, l'application la plus indiquée semble être le montage sur la chaîne cinématique de transmission d'un ca nion ou autre véhicule lourd. -Dans ce cas, le dispositif selon l'invention assure à lui seul les différentes fonctions de - coupleur et embrayage - démarreur du moteur thermique - générateur d'énergie électrique - synchroniseur pour les différents rapports de la boîte à
vitesses - ralentisseur de freinage pour l'ensemble du véhicule lourd.Finally, the most suitable application seems to be mounting on the driveline of transmission of a truck or other heavy vehicle. In this case, the device according to the invention alone performs the different functions of - coupler and clutch - starter of the heat engine - electric energy generator - synchronizer for the different ratios of the gearbox.
speeds - brake retarder for the entire heavy vehicle.
La partie électro-mécanique du dispositif est alors montée sur le véhicule entre le moteur thermique et la boîte à vitesses, alors que sa commande électronique peut être localisée à tout autre endroit. The electro-mechanical part of the device is then mounted on the vehicle between the engine and the gearbox, while its electronic control can be located in any other place.
Ce type de machine s'applique aux véhicules lourds fortement motorisés, routiers ou ferroviaires. This type of machine is applicable to heavy motorized vehicles, road or rail.
Les problèmes à résoudre sont les suivants 10 Embrayage : Mis en cause par l'augmentation de la motori
sation des véhicules, l'abaissement des régimes moteur
maximums et la suralimentation, les dispositifs à friction
atteignent leur limite d'utilisation.The problems to be solved are as follows 10 Clutch: Caused by the increase in the motori
vehicles, lowering engine speeds
maximum and supercharging, friction devices
reach their usage limit.
20 Ralentisseur : Leur utilisation se généralise du fait des
moteurs suralimentés à faible couple de retenue, du fait de 0 'augmentation des masses roulantes, de l'élévation des vitesses moyennes. Elle vise à éviter une usure rapide et donc des coûts d'éploitation au niveau des freins à friction.20 Retarder: Their use is generalized because of the
supercharged engines with low holding torque, due to the increase in rolling masses, the increase in average speeds. It aims to avoid rapid wear and therefore operating costs at the level of friction brakes.
30 Synchronisation : Les Boîtes à vitesses supportant des
couples élevés sont difficiles à synchroniser mécani
quement, et leur automatisation nécessite une réduction
des durées de changement de rapport, ce qui appelle des
solutions nouvelles.30 Synchronization: Gearboxes supporting
high torques are difficult to synchronize mechani
and their automation requires a reduction
gear change times, which calls for
new solutions.
40 Démarreur : Si, dans le cadre de la réduction de la pol
lution urbaine, la pratique du "STOP and GO" était imposée,
la fréquence des démarrages du moteur Diesel rendrait les
solutions actuelles très peu fiables et une nouvelle solu
tion devrait être développée pour satisfaire à un nouveau
cahier des charges.40 Starter: If, as part of the reduction of pol
urban development, the practice of "STOP and GO" was imposed,
the frequency of diesel engine starts would make them
very unreliable current solutions and a new solution
tion should be developed to meet a new
Specifications.
50 Générateur : L'énergie électrique nécessaire à bord du
véhicule augmentera dans l'avenir pour les causes suivantes
- Installation d'automatismes à bord
- Eléctrification de nombreuses fonctions auxiliaires
- Prestation pour 1 'usager du véhicule d'une fourniture
d'énergie électrique normali-sée destinée à l'alimenta
tion d'outils spécifiques de la profession de l'utili
sateur.50 Generator: The electrical energy required on board the
vehicle will increase in the future for the following causes
- Onboard automation installation
- Electrification of many auxiliary functions
- Provision for the user of the vehicle of a supply
normalized electrical energy intended for the power supply
tion of tools specific to the profession of utility
sator.
Dans l'état de la technique antérieure, un certain nombre des fonctions énumérées est rempli par des organes indépendants, produits depuis plusieurs décennies et de technique stabilisée. In the state of the prior art, a certain number of the functions listed are fulfilled by independent organs, produced for several decades and of stabilized technique.
Ces solutions connues présentent divers inconvénients. These known solutions have various drawbacks.
Elles ne répondent plus parfaitement aux besoins nouveaux induits par les évolutions récentes des véhicules. They no longer perfectly meet the new needs brought about by recent vehicle developments.
Elles ne peuvent pas satisfaire des besoi-ns futurs correspondant à des évolutions impliquées par des réglementations anti-pollution et des options offrant à l'utilisateur du véhicule une prestation plus attractive (confort, performances, fiabilité, faible coût d'exploitation, etc).They cannot meet future needs corresponding to changes implied by anti-pollution regulations and options offering the vehicle user a more attractive service (comfort, performance, reliability, low operating cost, etc.) .
Le nouveau dispositif selon l'invention se présente de la facon suivante
L'ensemble des prestations annonces est obtenu par la synergie d'une machine électronique et d'-un pilotage électronique dont la réalisation n'est possible que grâce d la disponibilité de technologies récentes.The new device according to the invention is presented in the following manner
All of the advertised services are obtained by the synergy of an electronic machine and electronic control, the realization of which is only possible thanks to the availability of recent technologies.
La machine électrique est du type asynchrone capable de fonctionner en moteur, ou en générateur. Elle est constituée par un stator et deux rotors coaxiaux permettant plusieurs modes d fonctionnement dans lesquels les échange de puissance électrique active et réactive et les conversions d'énergie électrique ou vice versa sont établis entre les organes principaux de la machine selon des procédés mis en oeuvre par l'électronique, de pilotage pour réaliser les fonctions énoncées dans le titre du brevet. The electric machine is of the asynchronous type capable of operating as a motor, or as a generator. It consists of a stator and two coaxial rotors allowing several modes of operation in which the exchange of active and reactive electrical power and the conversions of electrical energy or vice versa are established between the main organs of the machine according to implemented procedures. by electronics, steering to perform the functions set out in the title of the patent.
L'électronique de pilotage n'utilise que des dispositifs électroniques connus dont seul l'agencement est spécifique. Cette électronique est pilotée par un calculateur (microprocesseur) dont le logiciel est établi en fonction du processus de fonctionnement. The control electronics only use known electronic devices whose only arrangement is specific. This electronics is controlled by a computer (microprocessor) whose software is established according to the operating process.
De plus cette électronique possède un interface de dialogue "entrée/sortie ou Capteur/Actionneur" reliant le calculateur aux éléments extérieurs à la machine électrique : le mateur, la boîte à vitesses, le conducteur et, en général, le vecteur d'état du véhicule. In addition, this electronics has an "input / output or Sensor / Actuator" dialog interface connecting the computer to elements external to the electric machine: the breaker, the gearbox, the driver and, in general, the state vector of the vehicle.
Un dissipateur aéro-électrothermique d'énergie, d'un type connu est utilisé pour évacuer l'énergie mécanique de ralentissement convertie en énergie électrique par la machine génératrice asynchrone. An aero-electrothermal energy dissipator, of a known type, is used to evacuate the mechanical slowdown energy converted into electrical energy by the asynchronous generator machine.
*La machine électrique est installée entre le moteur et la boîte à vitesses et elle leur tient lieu de pièce d'accouplement dans certaines réalisations. * The electric machine is installed between the engine and the gearbox and it takes their place of coupling part in certain embodiments.
*Le stator de la machine possède des enroulements triphasés classiques d'alternateur ou de moteur asynchrone, et en plus un enroulement de magnétisation réalisé de sorte que la somme algébrique des forces électro-motrices alternatives induites soit nulle à ses bornes. Cet enroulement de magnétisation sera utilisé pour certains cas de fonctionnement et pourrait être supprimé dans certaines réalisations. * The stator of the machine has conventional three-phase windings of alternator or asynchronous motor, and in addition a magnetization winding produced so that the algebraic sum of the alternative electro-motive forces induced is zero across its terminals. This magnetization winding will be used for certain operating cases and could be eliminated in certain embodiments.
*Le rotor NO 1 est de forme annulaire ; il est directement lié au bout du Vilebrequin du moteur Diesel et il lui tient lieu de volant d'inertie. * NO 1 rotor is annular in shape; it is directly linked to the end of the crankshaft of the diesel engine and it acts as a flywheel.
Sa face latérale externe (en regard du stator) est munie d'un enroulement l'Induit" triphasé du genre moteur asynchrone à rotor bobiné. Its external lateral face (opposite the stator) is provided with a three-phase armature winding of the asynchronous motor type with wound rotor.
Sa face latérale interne (en regard de l'axe de rotation et du rotor NO 2 dont il sera question plus tard) est munie d'un enroulement "Inducteur" triphasé analogue à un stator de machine asynchrone et électriquement couplé à l'enroulement 'Induit" de la face externe. Sa face frontale perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation côté moteur possède un contacteur centrifuge d'un type connu utilisé pour le démarrage automatique de certains moteurs asynchrones. Its internal lateral face (opposite the axis of rotation and the NO 2 rotor which will be discussed later) is provided with a three-phase "Inductor" winding analogous to an asynchronous machine stator and electrically coupled to the winding " Armature "of the external face. Its front face perpendicular to the axis of rotation on the motor side has a centrifugal contactor of a known type used for the automatic starting of certain asynchronous motors.
Ce contacteur assure le court-circuit des trois phases de l'enroulement Induit et de l'enroulement Indu-cteur au niveau de leur connection. Ce court-circuit cesse lorsque le moteur Diesel atteint une certaine vitesse pour laquelle ses irrégularités cycliques ne perturbent pas la transmission. This contactor short-circuits the three phases of the Armature winding and the Inductor winding at their connection. This short circuit stops when the Diesel engine reaches a certain speed for which its cyclic irregularities do not disturb the transmission.
Sa face frontale perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation côté boîte à vitesses est équipée d'une piste d' embrayage de pontage et d'un mécanisme classique. Its front face perpendicular to the axis of rotation on the gearbox side is equipped with a bridging clutch track and a conventional mechanism.
*Le rotor N 2 solidaire de l'arbre d'entrée des boîte à vitesses et d'un disque d'embrayage de pontage, tourne à l'intérieur du rotor NO 1. * The rotor N 2 secured to the input shaft of the gearboxes and a bridging clutch disc, rotates inside the rotor NO 1.
C'est un classique rotor de machine asynchrone en court-circuit. It is a classic asynchronous machine rotor in short circuit.
Le disque d'embrayage permet de solidariser les rotors N01 et NO 2 sans jamais donner, une importante dissipation d'énergie. The clutch disc allows the rotors N01 and NO 2 to be secured without ever giving significant energy dissipation.
Les résultats obtenus par ce dispositif sont les suivants
Au niveau de la mécanique- du véhicule, la machine électrique s'installe en lieu et place du carter de volant moteur et de la cloche d'embrayage, sans avoir à modifier le moteur ou la boite à vitesses. De ce fait, elle peut être construite par un industriel de l'électrotechnique ayant seul les compétences nécéssaires à ce genre de produit.The results obtained by this device are as follows:
In terms of vehicle mechanics, the electric machine is installed in place of the flywheel housing and the clutch housing, without having to modify the engine or gearbox. Therefore, it can be built by an electrical engineering industrialist who alone has the skills necessary for this kind of product.
Les avantages obtenus par l'invention sont principalement - Répondre aux besoins créés par l'évolution des véhicules - Satisfaire à de nouvelles réglementations
- Augmentaticn des prestations offertes à l'utilisateur du véhicule.The advantages obtained by the invention are mainly - Respond to the needs created by the evolution of vehicles - Meet new regulations
- Increase in the services offered to the user of the vehicle.
Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple non liirit-
tif, permettre.de mieux comprendre l'invention et les avantages qu'
elle est susceptible de procurer.The appended drawing, given by way of non-binding example
tif, allow.de to better understand the invention and the advantages that
it is likely to provide.
La figure unique est un schéma d'ensemble du dispositif. The single figure is an overall diagram of the device.
Sur la figure unique, les divers éléments ont été réfé
rencés de la manière suivante
1 : Arbre moteur, Vilebrequin du moteur Diesel.In the single figure, the various elements have been referenced
as follows
1: Engine shaft, Diesel engine crankshaft.
2 : Rotor NO 1 de la machine électrique, rotor annulaire portant un
enroulement triphasé induit sur sa face externe, et un enroulement
triphasé inducteur sur sa face interne.2: Rotor NO 1 of the electric machine, annular rotor carrying a
three-phase winding induced on its external face, and a winding
three-phase inductor on its internal face.
3 : Contacteur centrifuge établissant un court-circuit des enroulements
induit et inducteur lorsque la vitesse du moteur est inférieure
à la vitesse de ralenti, ou à une vitesse choisie en fonction du
taux d'irrégularités cycliques.3: Centrifugal contactor establishing a short-circuit of the windings
armature and inductor when the motor speed is lower
at idle speed, or at a speed chosen according to the
cyclical irregularity rates.
4 : Garniture de l'embrayage de pontage des rotors NO 1,2 et N 2,6,
solidaire de l'arbre de sortie de la machine 7.4: Lining of the NO 1.2 and N 2.6 rotor bridging clutch,
secured to the machine output shaft 7.
5 : Mécanisme de I'embrayage de pontage. 5: Locking clutch mechanism.
6 : Rotor N 2 de type asynchrone en court-circuit classique, solidaire
de l'arbre de sortie de la machine 7 qui est aussi l'arbre d'en
tree de la boîte à vitesses.6: Rotor N 2 of asynchronous type in conventional short circuit, integral
of the output shaft of machine 7 which is also the end shaft
gearbox tree.
7 : Arbre de sortie de la machine électrique et d'entrée de la boîte à
vitesses.7: Electric machine output shaft and box input shaft
speeds.
8 : Stator de la machine électrique solidaire des carters du moteur
Diesel et de la boîte vitesses dans certaines réalisations, con
stitué comme le stator d'une machine asynchrone triphasée, mais pos
sédant en plus des bobinages d'excitation créant des pôles statiques
et réalisés de manière que la somme des forces électro-motrices al
ternatives induites suit algébriquement nulle à sés bornes, selon
un procédé connu.8: Stator of the electric machine secured to the motor casings
Diesel and gearbox in some embodiments, con
set up like the stator of a three-phase asynchronous machine, but pos
attractive in addition to excitation windings creating static poles
and made in such a way that the sum of the electromotive forces al
induced ternatives follows algebraically zero at its limits, according to
a known process.
De plus, ce stator est réalisé pour supporter de très fortes sur
charges électriques et thermiques pendant des durées brèves dont la
répétition est lente.In addition, this stator is made to support very strong on
electrical and thermal charges for short periods of time, the
repetition is slow.
9 : Câblage de liaison de la machine électrique à l'électronique de pilo
tage 10.9: Wiring of connection of the electric machine to the electronics of pilo
floor 10.
10 : Ensemble de pilotage électronique géré par un calculateur 11 et
comportant principalement
... Un onduleur triphasé entre la machine électrique et la bat
terie d'accumulateurs 15. 10: Electronic control unit managed by a computer 11 and
mainly comprising
... A three-phase inverter between the electric machine and the bat
battery 15.
... Unsystème de magnétisation de la machine électrique lui per
mettant de fonctionner en génératrice asynchrone.... a magnetization system of the electric machine
putting to operate as an asynchronous generator.
... Un dispositif d'alimentation en énergie électrique normalisée
des consommateurs extérieurs au système décrit et un dispositif
de recharge de la batterie.... A device for supplying standardized electrical energy
consumers outside the described system and a device
to recharge the battery.
... Descircuits interfaces d'entrée / sortie nécéssaires à 1'
information et aux actions du calculateur 11 sur l'ensemble du
groupe motopropulseur.... Input / output interface circuits required at 1 '
information and actions of the computer 11 on the entire
powertrain.
11 : Calculateur électronique possédant en mémoire tout le processus de
fonctionnement qui est décrit dans le texte.11: Electronic computer having in memory the whole process of
operation which is described in the text.
12 : Ligne triphasée de départ d'énergie électrique normalisée pour tous
usages à bord du véhicule.12: Standard three-phase electrical power line for all
uses in the vehicle.
13 : Ligne de liaison de l'ensemble de pilotage avec la batterie d'ac
cuulateurs. 13: Connection line of the control assembly with the ac battery
cuulateurs.
14 : Ligne triphasée d'évacuation de l'énergie à dissiper dans le dspo-
sitif électro-aéro-thermique 16.14: Three-phase energy evacuation line to be dissipated in the dspo-
electro-aero-thermal product 16.
15 : Batterie d'accumulateurs.15: Accumulator battery.
16 : Dissipateur électro-aéro-thermique d'énergie, d'un modèle connu.16: Electro-aero-thermal energy dissipator, of a known model.
17 : Interface de dialogue avec les organes du moteur (injection) et
de la boîte à vitesses (silotage des crabots) et les différents
capteurs nécéssaires au processus.17: Interface for dialogue with engine components (injection) and
of the gearbox (dog silage) and the different
sensors necessary for the process.
18 : Câbles nécessaires à 17.18: Cables required for 17.
Le fonctionnement de l'ensemble du dispositif est le suivant
A - Introduction
Le dispositif a été décrit dans ses constituants, la machine élec
trique et l'électronique associée. L'explication du fonc
tionnement qui va suivre contient tous les éléments pour que les
hommes de l'art des différentes disciplines impliquées puissent
concevoir et calculer les éléments de la machine électrique, établir
le logiciel du calculateur, et définir les circuits électroniques,
interfaces, capteurs et actionneurs nécessaires à la réalisation d'
un dispositif adapté à chaque cas d'application.The operation of the entire device is as follows
A - Introduction
The device has been described in its components, the electric machine
and the associated electronics. The explanation of the land
t tion which will follow contains all the elements so that the
skilled in the various disciplines involved may
design and calculate the elements of the electric machine, establish
the computer software, and define the electronic circuits,
interfaces, sensors and actuators necessary for the realization of
a device adapted to each application case.
B - Fonctionnement .B - Operation.
1. Démarrage du moteur Diesel seul (véhicule à l'arrêt). 1. Starting the diesel engine only (vehicle stationary).
Cette opération est initialisée par le conducteur et éxécutée
sous le pilotage du calculateur en utilisant l'énergie électrique
stockée dans la batterie d'accumulateurs, ou provenant d'un
réseau de distribution dans certains cas où la batterie ne serait pas utilisable.This operation is initialized by the driver and executed
under the control of the computer using electrical energy
stored in the storage battery, or from a
distribution network in certain cases where the battery cannot be used.
Deux cas sont possibles, selon, les applications - L'inertie du rotor NO 1 (2) est suffisante-pour régulariser le
Diesel à très basse vitesse.Two cases are possible, depending on the applications - The inertia of the NO 1 rotor (2) is sufficient-to regularize the
Diesel at very low speed.
L'embrayage 4 - 5 est ouvert. Clutch 4 - 5 is open.
Le contacteur centrifuge court-circuite les enroulements du rotor
N0 1 (2).Centrifugal contactor short-circuits the rotor windings
# 1 (2).
L'électronique 10 transforme l'énergie (courant continu) de la bat
terie 15 en courants triphasés, de fréquence adaptée à la vitesse du
moteur Diesel et aux caractéristiques de l'enroulement induit en
court-circuit du rotor Id 1 (2) face externe. Ceci pour obtenir le
couple maximum.The electronics 10 transform the energy (direct current) of the bat
terie 15 in three-phase currents, of frequency adapted to the speed of the
Diesel engine and the characteristics of the winding induced in
rotor short circuit Id 1 (2) external face. This to get the
maximum torque.
L'ensemble "stator 8 - rotor N0 1 (2)" constitue alors un moteur
asynchrone de lancement du Diesel.The set "stator 8 - rotor N0 1 (2)" then constitutes a motor
asynchronous Diesel launch.
Cette situation dure jusqu'à ce que le moteur Diesel atteigne sa
vitesse de ralenti ou une vitesse légèrement supérieure, choisie
compte tenu de ses irrégularités cycliques. L'interupteur centri
fuge s'ouvre alors et un entraînement du rotor N 2 (6) est pos
sible.This situation lasts until the Diesel engine reaches its
idle speed or a slightly higher speed, chosen
given its cyclical irregularities. The centri switch
then opens and a N 2 rotor drive (6) is pos
sible.
Par ailleurs, le calculateur agit sur le système d'injection du
Diesel pour obtenir le décit convenable de démarrage.In addition, the computer acts on the injection system of the
Diesel to obtain the proper starting decit.
- L'inertie du rotor NO 1 (2) n'est pas suffisante. L'embrayage 4
5 est fermé avec une condition de sécurité, la boîte à vitesses doit
être au point mort.- The inertia of rotor NO 1 (2) is not sufficient. Clutch 4
5 is closed with a safety condition, the gearbox must
be in neutral.
Le processus est le même que précédement, mais le contacteur centri
fuge 3 n'est plus indispensable si le court-circuit du rotor Nc 2
(6)vu à travers les couplages électromagnétiques des rotors N0 1 et
NO 2 satisfait aux caractéristiquesL/R de l'ensemble dont on
maîtrise par ailleurs de la fréquence d'alimentation statorique de
sorte que les couples "Rotor 1 et Rotor 2" soient dans les rapports
souhaité.The process is the same as before, but the central contactor
fuge 3 is no longer essential if the short circuit of rotor Nc 2
(6) seen through the electromagnetic couplings of rotors N0 1 and
NO 2 satisfies the L / R characteristics of the assembly for which
control over the stator supply frequency of
so that the pairs "Rotor 1 and Rotor 2" are in the reports
wish.
Remarques : Ces deux cas sont possibles et devront être choisis selon l'application. Notes: These two cases are possible and must be chosen according to the application.
Dans tous ces cas, le calculateur détecte l'obtention du démarrage et stoppe automatiquement l'action lorsque le résultat est obtenu.In all these cases, the computer detects that startup has been obtained and automatically stops the action when the result is obtained.
Cette méthode devrait faciliter le démarrage des moteurs Diesel fortement suralimentés à bas rapport volumétrique.This method should facilitate the starting of highly supercharged Diesel engines with low volumetric ratios.
2. Démarrage du Diesel et du véhicule (STOP and GO).2. Diesel and vehicle start (STOP and GO).
- L'embrayage 4 - 5 est ouvert et la boîte à vitesses n'est pas-au
point mort.- Clutch 4 - 5 is open and the gearbox is not
neutral.
- Le démarrage du Diesel s' opère avec seulement le rotor N 1 (2) mais
le moteur est à température normale.- Diesel start-up takes place with only the rotor N 1 (2) but
the engine is at normal temperature.
- La première phase s'éxécute très vite et selon la procédure précédente. - The first phase is executed very quickly and according to the previous procedure.
- Aucun couple n'est transmis au rotor NO 2 (6) tant que le moteur n'a
pas atteint une vitesse suffisante, soit parce que le contacteur centri
fuge est fermé, soit s'il n'y en a pas parce que les caractéristiques
des rotors NO 1 et NO 2 ont été établies pour satisfaire à ces condi
tions (rapport de transformation "induits/inducteurs","relations L/R"
etc. connus de l'homme de l'art).- No torque is transmitted to the NO 2 rotor (6) until the engine has
not reached sufficient speed, either because the contactor centered
fuge is closed, either if there is none because the features
NO 1 and NO 2 rotors have been established to meet these conditions
tions ("induced / inducing" transformation ratio, "L / R relationships"
etc. known to those skilled in the art).
- Lorsque le Diesel atteint une vitesse convenable pour entraîner le
véhicule à travers la transmission, le calculateur rend le pilotage
de l'injection au conducteur et, par l'électronique 10 et le stator
8, magnétise l'induit du rotor NO 1 (2) de sorte que l'inducteur du
rotor N01 (2) devienne un stator tournant pour le rotor N0 2 (6).- When the Diesel reaches a suitable speed to drive the
vehicle through the transmission, the computer makes steering
injection to the conductor and, via electronics 10 and the stator
8, magnetizes the armature of the NO 1 rotor (2) so that the inductor of the
rotor N01 (2) becomes a rotating stator for rotor N0 2 (6).
Cela constitue un moteur asynchrone qui entraîne l'arbre d'entrée
de boîte et le véhicule, en observant le maintien d'un couple maxi
mum et des pertes JOULE minimales dans le rotor NO 2 (6).This constitutes an asynchronous motor which drives the input shaft
gearbox and the vehicle, observing the maintenance of maximum torque
minimum JOULE losses in the NO 2 rotor (6).
- Lorsque le glissement rotor N 1 (2) et rotor NO 2 (6) est suffisan-
ment faible, le calculateur envoie l'ordre de fermeture de l'em-
brayage 4 - 5 : le démarrage est terminé.- When the sliding of rotor N 1 (2) and rotor NO 2 (6) is sufficient
low, the computer sends the order to close the job
clutch 4 - 5: start is complete.
3. Ralentissement du véhicule.3. Vehicle slowing down.
- Cette action est commandée par le conducteur qui sollicite la pédale de
frein mécanique cont la première partie de la course est inopérante
sur ce dernier mais provoque l'action du ralentisseur.- This action is commanded by the driver who requests the pedal
mechanical brake cont the first part of the race is inoperative
on the latter but causes the action of the retarder.
Ceci est un exemple l'application ; d'autres peuvent être proposés. This is an example application; others may be offered.
Le véhicule roule en général dans son rapport de boîte à vitesses le
plus élevé et à sa vitesse maximale (avec un poids lourd, les longues
descentes généralement sinueuses sont abordées dans un rapport autre
que le plus élevé).The vehicle generally drives in its gearbox ratio on
higher and at maximum speed (with a heavy weight, long
generally winding descents are discussed in a different report
than the higher).
Le premier but du ralentisseur est d'économiser les garnitures de freins
à friction et ce résultat sera atteint si le dispositif produit une
décélération suffisante pour que le conducteur ne pousse pas sa pédale
de frein jusqu'au point de course correspondant à la mise en action des
freins conventionnels.The primary purpose of the retarder is to save brake linings
friction and this result will be achieved if the device produces a
sufficient deceleration so that the driver does not push his pedal
brake to the point of travel corresponding to the activation of the
conventional brakes.
Pour obtenir ce résultat, la puissance freinée par le ralentisseurs doit
être de 2 à 3 fois la puissance du moteur. C'est-à-dire que la boîte
devra supporter en décélération de 2 à 3 fois le couple moteur maxi
mum normal pour que le dispositif qui est proposé soit pleinement ef ficace.To obtain this result, the power braked by the retarder must
be 2 to 3 times the engine power. That is, the box
must withstand 2 to 3 times the maximum engine torque when decelerating
normal for the proposed device to be fully effective.
Ceci impose d'utiliser des boîtes dont les fortes démultiplications se trouvent en amont. Ainsi, dans les hauts rapports, le couple de frein nage traverse, non plus les engrenages mais leur crabotage qui est infiniment moins fragile.This requires the use of boxes whose high gear ratios are found upstream. Thus, in high gear, the brake torque swims through, no longer the gears but their clutch which is infinitely less fragile.
Le calculateur 11 pilote l'électronique 10 en fonction de l'ordre du conducteur (précourse pédale de frein) et des conditions de roulage (rappcrt de boîte, vitesse du véhicule) pour que par la ligne 9 le stator 8 reçoive une magnétisation transformant les rotors NO 1 (2) et NO 2 (6) avec le stator 8 (enroulement triphasé) en génératrice asynchrone ou synchrone absorbant de l'énergie mécanique sur l'arbre 7 et envoyant de l'énergie électrique triphasé par 9, 1û, 14 à un dissipateur aéro-électro-thermique 16.The computer 11 controls the electronics 10 as a function of the driver's order (brake pedal pre-travel) and the driving conditions (gear ratio, vehicle speed) so that by the line 9 the stator 8 receives a magnetization transforming the rotors NO 1 (2) and NO 2 (6) with the stator 8 (three-phase winding) asynchronous or synchronous generator absorbing mechanical energy on the shaft 7 and sending three-phase electrical energy by 9, 1û, 14 to an aero-electro-thermal sink 16.
Remarque : La puissance de la machine électrique est alors très supe- rieure à celles nécéssaires pour démarrer le moteur Diesel et ensuite le véhicule.Note: The power of the electric machine is then much higher than that required to start the Diesel engine and then the vehicle.
Le ralentissement dure généralement une dizaine de secondes et les retenues en longue descente s'éxcécute à de plus faible puissances. La machine électrique sera conçue dans une téchnologie compatible avec de très fortes surcharges brèves et espacées. Mais en valeur moyenne maximale, cette puissance est celle du Diesel qui est le pourvoyeur de l'énergie cinétique que le ralentisseur devra circonstanciellement dissiper. The slowdown generally lasts about ten seconds and the restraints in long descent are executed at lower powers. The electric machine will be designed in a technology compatible with very brief and spaced overloads. But in maximum average value, this power is that of Diesel which is the provider of the kinetic energy that the retarder must circumstantially dissipate.
Pour une application donnée, il est simple pour 1' homme de l'art de concevoir cette machine, de principe classique malus de réalisation particulière. For a given application, it is simple for one skilled in the art to design this machine, of conventional principle with a particular embodiment.
4. Changement de rapport et synchronisation.4. Gear change and synchronization.
- Lorsque le moteur tourne au ralenti (véhicule à l'arrêt), que 1'
embrayage de pontage 4 - 5 est ouvert, le rotor NO 2 (6) n'est pas
nécéssairement immobile et, compte tenu de son inertie supérieure
à celle d'un disque d'embrayage, il ne serait pas aisé d'engager
un rapport de boîte.- When the engine is idling (vehicle stopped), let 1 '
lockup clutch 4 - 5 is open, NO rotor 2 (6) is not
necessarily immobile and, given its higher inertia
to that of a clutch disc, it would not be easy to engage
a box report.
La machine électrique permet d'arrêter le rotor NO 2 (6) en créant
sous le pilotage du calculateur et de l'électronique 10 dans le
stator 8, un champ tournant de même sens et même vitesse que le
rotor N 1 (2) entraine à la vitesse du moteur.The electric machine makes it possible to stop the rotor NO 2 (6) by creating
under the control of the computer and electronics 10 in the
stator 8, a rotating field in the same direction and same speed as the
rotor N 1 (2) drives at engine speed.
Ceci crée un champ statique nul sur l'inducteur du rotor N 1 (2)
et provoque l'immobilisation du rotor N 2 (6), si nécessaire par
un champ tournant opposé à sa rotation. This creates a zero static field on the rotor inductor N 1 (2)
and immobilizes the rotor N 2 (6), if necessary by
a rotating field opposite to its rotation.
Remarque : Cette propriété du dispositif rernplace les enbrayages de
coupure que l'on utilise, habituellement en conjonction avec un connu
vertisseur hydrocinétique de couple ou un coupleur.Note: This property of the device replaces the clutches of
break that is used, usually in conjunction with a known
hydrokinetic torque hitch or coupler.
- Lorsque le véhicule roule dans un rapport de boîte, il est neces-
saire, préalablement à toute opération de changement de rapport, de
mettre la boîte au point mort. Cette opération ne peut s'exécuter
qu a couple transmis nul, pour permettre le dégagement des crabots
et éviter d'intempestives oscillations transitoires de la transmis
sion que provoquerait une rupture brutale d'un couple transmis
important (par exemple dans un petit rapport, et en côte), due à une
ouverture d'embrayage.- When the vehicle is traveling in a gear ratio, it is necessary
prior to any gear change operation,
put the box in neutral. This operation cannot be performed
that has zero transmitted torque, to allow the release of the dogs
and avoid untimely transient oscillations of the transmitted
sion that would cause a sudden breakdown of a transmitted couple
important (for example in a small report, and on a hill), due to a
clutch opening.
Le dispositif permet d'atteindre aisénent ce résu litas en utilisant la fonction "ralentisseur". The device makes it easy to reach this result by using the "retarder" function.
L'énergie cinétique des inerties en rotation et l'énergie potentielle de torsion des arbres élastiques sera dissipée par le ralentisseur et si, simultanément, une force d'ouverture des crabots, judicieusement calculée est appliquée, la passage au point mort se peoduira pour un couple transmis très faible. The kinetic energy of the inertias in rotation and the potential torsional energy of the elastic shafts will be dissipated by the retarder and if, simultaneously, a carefully calculated clutch opening force is applied, the shift to neutral will be peodged for a very low transmitted torque.
Cette opération peut être très rapide et non perturbatrice. This can be very quick and non-disruptive.
Remarque : Un procédé électromagnétique connu pour la commande des crabots conviendrait parfaitement à ces opérations.Note: A known electromagnetic process for controlling the dog clutch would be perfectly suitable for these operations.
Cet effet peut être obtenu en palier ou en côte. This effect can be obtained on a level or hill.
En descente, si un couple de retenue moteur existe, ce que le calculateur peut aisément détécter, par un régime > aU ralenti et un débit injecté inférieur au débit de ralenti, une action passagère d'augmentation du débit injecté et éventuellement une suppression de l'action du ralentisseur permettra d'annuler le couple transmis et autorisera le passage au point mort de la boîte. Le point mort et les autres états de la boîte peuvent être déterminés par l'analyse des vitesses d'entrée et sortie de la boîte selon un procédé connu. When going downhill, if an engine holding torque exists, which the computer can easily detect, by an idle speed> aU and an injected flow rate lower than the idling flow rate, a temporary action to increase the injected flow rate and possibly a suppression of the action of the retarder will cancel the transmitted torque and allow the gearbox to shift to neutral. Neutral and other states of the gearbox can be determined by analyzing the speeds of input and output of the gearbox according to a known method.
- Synchronisation - S'il sagit d'une progression de rapport, la vitesse du moteur doit être
réduite pour atteindre le synchronisme. Ce résultat sera obtenu par un
pilotage par le calculateur 11 du ralentisseur, et par la coupure du
débit de carburant. Le calculateur 11 selon un procédé connu, analyse les
vitesses d'entrée et de sortie dé la boîte détermine la vitesse de con
vergence vers le synchronisme du rapport qui doit être enclanché. Compte
tenu des retards, puis des réponses aux ordres du ralentisseur et du dis
positif de crabotage du rapport à engager, il émettra les différer.ts
ordres nécessaires, aux valeurs d'asynchronisme convenables. Ceci selon
des procédures connues.- Synchronization - If it is a gear progression, the engine speed must be
reduced to achieve synchronism. This will be achieved by a
control by the computer 11 of the retarder, and by cutting the
fuel flow. The computer 11 according to a known method, analyzes the
gearbox input and output speeds determine the speed of con
vergence towards the synchronism of the report which must be engaged. Account
held delays, then responded to orders from the retarder and dis
positive of interconnection of the report to initiate, it will issue the differ.ts
necessary orders, at suitable asynchronous values. This according to
known procedures.
L'ensemble de ces opérations permet d'effectuer ur
changement de rapport dans des délais très courts et sans provoquer
d'à-coup dans la transmission.All of these operations allow ur
gear change in a very short time and without causing
jerk in the transmission.
- Si il s'agit d'une rétroaatcn, il faut augmenter la vitesse moteur
pour obtenir le synchronisme du rapport qu'il faut enclancher.- If it is a retroaatcn, the engine speed must be increased
to obtain the synchronism of the report which must be engaged.
Les opérations pilotées par le calculateur ne diffèrent que par le
fait qu'il provoque une aygmentation du débit injecté et que le ralen
tisseur n'est pas utilisé.The operations controlled by the computer differ only in the
causes it to increase the flow rate injected and the ralen
weaver is not used.
Le procédé de pilotage reste le même par ailleurs. The piloting process remains the same elsewhere.
Le changement de rapport est alors ottenu très rapidement et sans à-coup. The gear change is then obtained very quickly and smoothly.
Les durées totales de changement de rapport peuvent être aussi coures
que 0,3 secondes en progression et rétrogradation, avec un très grand
conford et sans jamais utiliser un organe susceptible d'usure et
évolution de ses caractéristiques. De plus, si un système connu de
commande électromagnétique des crabots est utilisé, l'ensemble du
dispositif ne fait appel à aucune autre énergie que l'énergie électri
que. Ceci est un facteur de fiabilité par suppression dtinterfaces. Total shift times can also be short
only 0.3 seconds progression and demotion, with a very large
conford and without ever using a body susceptible to wear and
evolution of its characteristics. In addition, if a known system of
electromagnetic clutch control is used, the entire
device does not use any energy other than electrical energy
than. This is a reliability factor by removing interfaces.
5. Génération d'énergie à bord du véhicule.5. Generation of energy on board the vehicle.
On a vu que le ralentisseur était réalisé en utilisant la machine élec
trique en générateur asynchrone à des puissances très élevées pendant
des durées très courtes.We have seen that the retarder was made using the electric machine
stick in asynchronous generator at very high powers during
very short durations.
Il est possible d'utiliser en permanence la mêmemachine à des niveaux
de puissance plus bas, mais encore très importants par rapport à tout
ce qui est aujourd'hui connu sur un véhicule (ordre de la puissance
moteur). On dispose donc d'une génération d'énergie électrique dont 1'
emploi peut être envisagé selon deux types d'applications :
- Les servitudes du véhicule : recharge de l'accumulateur et alimentation
du réseau de bord, possibilité d'électrifier un certain nombre d'
auxiliaires du véhicule parce que l'on dispose d'un réseau triphasé
permettant l'usage de moteurs asynchrones dont la robustesse et la
simplicité sont adaptées au remplacement des prises de mouvement
mécanique destinées à l'entraînement de pompes, ce compresseurs, de
ventilateurs etc.You can always use the same machine at different levels
lower power, but still very important compared to everything
what is known today on a vehicle (order of power
engine). We therefore have a generation of electrical energy including 1 '
employment can be envisaged according to two types of applications:
- Vehicle easements: recharging the accumulator and power supply
on-board network, possibility of electrifying a certain number of
vehicle auxiliaries because we have a three-phase network
allowing the use of asynchronous motors whose robustness and
simplicity are suitable for replacing power take-offs
mechanical for driving pumps, compressors,
fans etc.
I1 en résulterait des possibilités architecturales nouvelles pour le
véhicule, une standardisation des organes auxiliaires, une facilité
de pilotage de leurs fonctionnements (économie d'énergie, abaissement des coûts).This would result in new architectural possibilities for the
vehicle, standardization of auxiliary components, ease
management of their operations (energy saving, lower costs).
- Une prestation nouvelle pour l'usager auquel il serait aisé de fournir
de l'énergie électrique aux conditions standard des réseaux publics. - A new service for the user to whom it would be easy to provide
electrical energy under standard conditions of public networks.
Claims (26)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8805949A FR2630868A1 (en) | 1988-04-28 | 1988-04-28 | Electrical device interposed between a drive shaft and a take-off shaft especially for the transmission of a heavy vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8805949A FR2630868A1 (en) | 1988-04-28 | 1988-04-28 | Electrical device interposed between a drive shaft and a take-off shaft especially for the transmission of a heavy vehicle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2630868A1 true FR2630868A1 (en) | 1989-11-03 |
Family
ID=9365955
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8805949A Withdrawn FR2630868A1 (en) | 1988-04-28 | 1988-04-28 | Electrical device interposed between a drive shaft and a take-off shaft especially for the transmission of a heavy vehicle |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2630868A1 (en) |
Cited By (18)
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EP0730337A2 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1996-09-04 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Driving unit for vehicle auxiliary units |
EP0743216A2 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid vehicle power transmitting apparatus and method of controlling the same during starting |
EP0743217A2 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid vehicle power output apparatus and method of controlling the same during engine braking |
EP0798844A1 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-01 | Tai-Her Yang | The combined power driven device having a three-layered electromechanical structure with common structures |
EP0866544A2 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-09-23 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power output apparatus and method of regulating power |
EP0869601A2 (en) * | 1994-09-22 | 1998-10-07 | Iancu Lungu | Motor arrangement |
WO1999050572A1 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Drive train for a motor vehicle |
US5973460A (en) * | 1996-03-26 | 1999-10-26 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power output apparatus and method of controlling the same |
WO2000034066A1 (en) * | 1998-12-08 | 2000-06-15 | Abb Ab | A hybrid drive device and a wheeled vehicle provided with a hybrid drive device |
WO2000037304A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Radebold, Walter | Vehicle |
FR2796437A1 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-19 | Renault | CONTROLLED SPEED CHANGE DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH MAIN THERMAL ENGINE |
WO2001099262A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2001-12-27 | Telma | Electric retarder interposed between an engine and a gearbox |
EP1167834A1 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-02 | BorgWarner Inc. | Power transmission system having an electromagnetic device for improved ratio changing events |
FR2834248A1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-04 | Renault | Equipment for operating hybrid traction system in parallel, comprises internal combustion engine, gearbox and electrical machine which has a rotor within a moving stator/rotor within a fixed stator |
DE102005028709B4 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2008-05-08 | Machining Centers Mfg. S.P.A., Vigolzone | Improved electric motor for actuating a tool carrier spindle |
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-
1988
- 1988-04-28 FR FR8805949A patent/FR2630868A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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EP0869601A2 (en) * | 1994-09-22 | 1998-10-07 | Iancu Lungu | Motor arrangement |
EP0869601A3 (en) * | 1994-09-22 | 1998-10-21 | Iancu Lungu | Motor arrangement |
US6208049B1 (en) | 1995-03-03 | 2001-03-27 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Motor vehicle auxiliaries drive assembly |
EP0730337A3 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1997-03-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Driving unit for vehicle auxiliary units |
EP0730337A2 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1996-09-04 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Driving unit for vehicle auxiliary units |
EP0743216A2 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid vehicle power transmitting apparatus and method of controlling the same during starting |
EP0743217A2 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid vehicle power output apparatus and method of controlling the same during engine braking |
EP0743216A3 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1998-05-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid vehicle power transmitting apparatus and method of controlling the same during starting |
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US5973460A (en) * | 1996-03-26 | 1999-10-26 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power output apparatus and method of controlling the same |
EP0798844A1 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-01 | Tai-Her Yang | The combined power driven device having a three-layered electromechanical structure with common structures |
EP0866544A3 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1999-09-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power output apparatus and method of regulating power |
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WO1999050572A1 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Drive train for a motor vehicle |
US6159127A (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2000-12-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Drive train for a motor vehicle |
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WO2000037304A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Radebold, Walter | Vehicle |
WO2001005615A2 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-25 | Renault | Device for controlled gear change for motor powered mainly by a heat engine |
FR2796437A1 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-19 | Renault | CONTROLLED SPEED CHANGE DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH MAIN THERMAL ENGINE |
WO2001005615A3 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2002-10-03 | Renault | Device for controlled gear change for motor powered mainly by a heat engine |
WO2001099262A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2001-12-27 | Telma | Electric retarder interposed between an engine and a gearbox |
FR2810812A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2001-12-28 | Labinal | Vehicle engine electric retarder mounted between engine and gearbox, in which simple magnetic flux control does away with the need for exterior power dissipation circuits |
EP1167834A1 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-02 | BorgWarner Inc. | Power transmission system having an electromagnetic device for improved ratio changing events |
FR2834248A1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-04 | Renault | Equipment for operating hybrid traction system in parallel, comprises internal combustion engine, gearbox and electrical machine which has a rotor within a moving stator/rotor within a fixed stator |
DE102005028709B4 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2008-05-08 | Machining Centers Mfg. S.P.A., Vigolzone | Improved electric motor for actuating a tool carrier spindle |
WO2011138181A1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Ipetronik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electric drive unit |
US9373987B2 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2016-06-21 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Integrated flywheels, systems and methods for electric generation and braking of a general purpose engine |
WO2023180432A1 (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | 4Qt Gmbh | Double rotor machine |
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