WO2011137898A2

WO2011137898A2 - Stand for a solar module

Info

Publication number: WO2011137898A2
Application number: PCT/DE2011/075088
Authority: WO
Inventors: Heinrich Wischemann
Original assignee: Heinrich Wischemann
Priority date: 2010-05-06
Filing date: 2011-04-21
Publication date: 2011-11-10
Also published as: DE112011101569A5; DE202010005385U1; WO2011137898A3

Abstract

The invention proposes a stand for a solar module, with a base which can be set up on a subsurface, and with a holding surface which extends obliquely upwards from the base and is intended for accommodating a solar module, wherein the holding surface is designed as a planar element, and the holding surface is adjoined by a further portion, designated as a supporting surface, of the same planar element, which portion extends from the upper region of the holding surface in a downward direction towards the base and is secured to the base, wherein there is provided at least one bending line in the form of a line of weakness along which the portions of the planar element can be angled off with respect to one another and along which the planar element can be angled off with a lower degree of resistance than outside the bending line, and wherein the base and the holding surface are designed as portions of the same planar element, wherein separating lines with respect to the holding surface and the supporting surface are provided which pass completely through the planar element in such a way that they allow these two surfaces to be erected with respect to the flatly oriented base, and wherein the planar element is designed as a lightweight composite plate with an upper and lower covering layer, and with an intermediate layer which is arranged between said layers and which has cavities, and wherein the base is designed as a frame which encloses a cutout, and wherein the supporting surface has an angled-off latching portion which lies flat, wherein the latching portion and the base form interacting projections which form a toothing and which engage behind one another, wherein, in a first transport position of the planar element, the projections of the latching portion bear against first projections of the base so as to allow a flat arrangement of the portions of the planar element, and, in a second functional position of the planar element, bear, with the holding and supporting surfaces erected, against second projections of the base.

Description

"Stand of a solar module"

The invention relates to a stator of a solar module.

For example, from DE 10 2006 026 297 B3 stands are known, also referred to as solar pans. The solar tubs have a circumferential, obliquely rising from the front to the rear frame, which forms the support surface for receiving a solar module. Solar tubs usually require additional struts, which are arranged between the solar module and the stand, which increases the assembly costs for the completion of an elevated solar module and also adversely affects the cost of the finished elevated solar module due to additional material costs. Furthermore, such takes

Stand due to its trough-like design a comparatively large volume, which adversely affects the cost of transport of the stand. The trough-like design of the stand makes it difficult to ventilate the solar module. If a photovoltaic module is used as a solar module whose efficiency decreases with increasing temperature, this ventilation problem in warm weather can adversely affect the efficiency of the solar module. The solar tubs have a predetermined inclination of the edge and thus define the angle in which the

Solar module is aligned to the ground. Adjustments in order to to allow for different inclinations of the solar module, require additional elements.

The invention has for its object to provide a stator of a solar module, which is designed inexpensively, claimed a small storage space during transport, and allows the simplest and least expensive means within a short time, the installation of the finished elevated solar module.

This object is achieved by a stand having the features of claim 1.

In other words, the invention proposes to enable the solar module to be raised and its orientation running obliquely to the horizontal to be defined by a holding surface which is configured as a planar element and can be arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal, whereby it then moves from its upper region by means of a support surface supported downwards. Characterized in that the support surface and the holding surface are configured as two portions of the same surface element, the surface element can first be transported as a flat plate. The angling, which is provided between the holding surface and the support surface, is made possible in situ during assembly in a simple manner by providing a crease line between these two sections. Opposite the ground, these sections of the same surface element can be erected, since they are separated by dividing lines from the ground. Along the dividing lines, the surface element is severed.

While the dividing line allow mobility of the separated sections of the planar element independently of one another, the bending lines are configured as lines of weakness along which the sections of the planar element still remain connected, which are each connected. but reduce the flexural rigidity of the surface element along these fold lines, so that these different sections can be angled against each other with a low resistance. Since this low resistance is smaller than the bending resistance, which has the surface element outside the fold lines, can be precisely defined by means of the bend lines, as the individual against each other beveled sections of the surface element to be shaped and measured.

As low as possible transport costs and a simple and thus time-saving installation are effected by the surface element is designed as a lightweight composite panel made of plastic. Such a composite panel has an upper and a lower cover layer and an intermediate layer arranged therebetween, which has cavities for reasons of weight saving.

In this case, the intermediate layer on cavities and nubs, which are created by a so-called knobbed plate. Such a studded plate has a plate surface or base surface from which protrudes a plurality of nubs. The nubbed plate is made of plastic and can be produced for example by deep drawing. In this case, either a single nubbed plate may be provided between the two cover layers of the composite panel, or it may be provided two nubbed plates. In both cases it is provided that the plate surface of the studded plate is firmly connected to a cover layer of the surface element. If two Noppenplatten are provided, the studs do not extend to an opposite top layer, but to each other Noppenplatte and are firmly connected to this, while using only a Noppenplatte the nubs of this nubbed plate with one of the two cover layers are firmly connected , As a solid connection, for example, se to see a bond or a weld, as it can be achieved for example by ultrasonic welding.

Since the proposed stand can be transported as a flat lying blank and erected only at the installation site, the maximum transport capacity of a transport vehicle can be optimally utilized. This is especially true if due to the lightweight construction of the surface element used for the stand of the storage space of the transport vehicle can be fully utilized without exceeding the allowable transport weight.

The installation of the holding surface in its oblique arrangement is thus very simple and time-saving feasible. The fact that similar to a gable roof two obliquely arranged surfaces are provided, namely the holding surface on the one hand and the support surface on the other hand, a space is created below these two angularly arranged surfaces, which allows an air flow below the solar module, so that this either by wind or can be cooled by a self-adjusting thermals and thus can have the best possible efficiencies even in hot weather.

The surface element has a frame-like bottom portion. As a result of this embodiment, the base surrounds a recess. This recess is defined for example by the above-mentioned parting lines, which can have a simplified approximately U-shaped course. In this way, a very large tab is formed within the soil, which can connect by means of a crease line to the ground and in turn is divided by a further crease line in the holding surface on the one hand and the support surface on the other.

The support surface in turn can again in the obliquely upward to the support surface extending support portion on the one hand and in a be divided flat recessed portion, said locking portion and the bottom cooperate with each other in such a way that the locking portion is held in a certain position on the ground and thus maintain the obliquely erected position of the support surface and the support portion ensures. For this purpose, the interaction between latching portion and the ground can be provided by means of a toothing, which is formed by mutually engaging behind projections on the latching portion on the one hand and on the ground on the other.

In this case, recesses in the bottom are designed such that the latching section allows on the one hand a flat arrangement of the entire surface element, ie a flat arrangement of the support surface and the support surface, and wherein the bottom further comprises recesses into which the projections of the latching portion can engage, if in a so-called functional position of the surface element, the holding surface and the support surface are placed so that then rest the projections of the support surface second projections of the soil. If several such locking positions are provided, the inclination of the solar module can be determined simply by simple and without additional elements, where the toothing engages, so which of the locking positions is used during assembly, so that an optimal alignment in adaptation to the respective site of the solar module is possible.

The support surface may be specially adapted to the format of the solar module to be mounted, but it can also be smaller or larger modules are mounted, for example, by using slotted rails or C-shaped profiled support rails.

Advantageously, the bottom can be configured as a portion of the same surface element as the support surface and the support surface connected thereto, so that the total Stand can be configured as a single plate. Here are dividing lines, such. B. punching lines between the bottom and the support surface and the support surface provided so that, for example, the floor can be aligned lying flat and contrast erect the support surface and the support surface and each aligned obliquely to the horizontal running.

In particular, it may be advantageous to already fabricate the flat surface elements with the solar modules, so that automatically the solar modules are aligned correctly at the site during the erection of the stand and no longer have to be attached to the first erected uprights. For example, film-like flat modules can be glued directly to the support surface.

With larger layer thicknesses of the solar modules or the laminates can be advantageously provided to provide in the holding surface an impression with a layer thickness which is less than the usual layer thickness of the surface element and in particular the support surface. The embossing can be designed, for example, as a rectangle, namely if rectangular solar modules are used and is particularly adapted in terms of their dimensions to the dimensions of the solar module such that the solar module can be inserted into the embossing of the support surface.

It can be provided in particular that not only the surface dimensions of the indentation, so for example length and width of the indentation are designed to fit the solar module, but that in particular the depth of the indentation is chosen such that the solar module completely into the support surface can dive, so it can finish flush with the surface of the support surface. In this way, without loss of storage space, not only the Stand itself can be transported as compact as possible, but it can be transported in a space-saving prefabricated, provided with solar modules stand in the form of initially flat surface elements, the pre-assembly of the stand with the solar modules ensures the reliable attachment of the solar modules, as this packaging, for example, weatherproof in one Manufacturing hall can be done. When setting up the stand then only the electrical connections of the solar modules are to be connected together.

This above-described assembly of the stand with the solar modules may be provided in particular when electrical, so photovoltaic solar modules are used, because these can be produced as so-called laminates with comparatively small layer thickness, for example with a layer thickness of about 6 to 7 mm. By contrast, the surface elements of the uprights can have, for example, a layer thickness of approximately 10 mm, and in particular if the surface elements consist of plastic, the indentations can be introduced into the surface element in a simple manner by means of a heated stamp. The compression of the surface element effected by the indentation advantageously brings about a reduction in the thermal insulation effect, so that the desired cooling effect for the rear side of the solar module is favored by this. In addition, recesses in the form of openings can be provided in the region of the indentation the impression are punched to allow in this way an air duct directly to the back of the solar module.

Advantageously, the floor can not only be configured as a frame and have projections inwards, ie towards the mentioned tab, which forms the holding surface and the support surface, but the floor can also have projections on one of its outer edges and on an opposite thereto Have outer edge complementary indentations, so that two identically configured and juxtaposed stator can form a composite with these projections and recesses. In this way, a number of uprights can be placed side by side or one behind the other and allow the formation of a composite as safe as possible installation, for example, to be secured against lifting forces at corresponding wind loads.

In this case, the projections can advantageously form a veritable undercut, so that the adjacent and interconnected stand can not be pulled apart, but only in a direction transverse to the undercuts are separated.

As an alternative to such a composite, which is provided directly by the correspondingly shaped stand, an indirect connection of two stands can be created by connecting them together by means of connecting means provided for this purpose, for example by metal profiles, such as metal sheets. B. aluminum rails, which are bolted to two stands.

Apart from the fact that the adjacent stands can be connected to each other, a backup against lifting forces can take place in that, for example, the bottom of the stand is weighted, for example with stone slabs o. The like., As is also known from the generic solar tubs, which can be filled with a weighting material, such as gravel or the like. A particularly large bearing surface for such weighting material can advantageously be formed in that the holding surface is substantially U-shaped, for example by a U-shaped dividing line, which leaves a tab that can be expected to the ground when the U-shaped Holding surface is placed at an angle. This remaining so-called bottom flap On the one hand it can be weighted with weighting material in order to ensure a particularly stable hold of the stand on the ground, and on the other hand it ensures that a large part of the solar module is not covered on the back by the holding surface, so that accordingly a good

Ventilation of the solar module and a correspondingly good cooling of the solar module is possible.

If a reliable protection of the solar modules and the stand is to be given against uplifting wind loads, a

Side cover may be provided for the stand, which impedes the penetration of wind under the support surface and the support surface. When set up holding and support surface results in a side triangle opening of the stand, which can be covered with the help of this side cover. It can be provided to make the side cover is not completely windproof or completely windproof to connect to the support and support surfaces, so that the wind speed significantly reduced by the side cover, which could otherwise be set below the support and support surfaces, that but still allows air circulation below the holding and supporting surfaces, so that, for example, a heat accumulation can be avoided below the solar modules.

A significant advantage of the proposed stand is that they are manufactured as a flat, foldable blank from a semi-finished product in the form of a plate and thus allow the production in different sizes without major tool investment costs. For example, metallic stands can be produced by comparatively simple reprogramming of a laser cutting system in different sizes. If the uprights are made of plastic knobs, which are manufactured as semi-finished products and adjusted to the desired size with little tool wear. can be cut, is also easily the production of different sized stand possible.

An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the purely schematic representations. It shows

1 is a perspective view of a stand in its functional position,

2 shows the stand of FIG. 1 in the same perspective, but equipped with a solar module,

Fig. 3 seen from the back of the stator of FIG. 2, and

Fig. 4 in a perspective similar to Fig. 2, a number of several stands, each equipped with a solar module.

In the drawings, 1 in each case a total of a stand is designated, which serves to receive a solar module 2. The stand is made entirely from a surface element in the form of a lightweight composite panel, this surface element is divided by crease lines and parting lines into several different sections:

A frame-like, lying flat on the ground floor 3 forms not only the actual frame, but also a bottom flap 4, and is connected via two fold lines 5 with a total of approximately U-shaped support surface 6, due to their U-shaped configuration the Bottom flap 4 surrounds.

The holding surface 6 is aligned at an angle in the erected in functional position stand 1 obliquely upward from the crease lines 5 and adjacent via a further crease line 7 to a support surface 8, a downwardly extending from the crease line 7 down support portion 9 and an adjoining lying flat on the ground section 10 has. The latching section 10 also adjoins the support section 9 via a bending line 11.

The latching portion 10 has lateral projections 12 which cooperate with corresponding recesses 14 and projections 15 on the frame 3. In this way, the locking portion 10 is secured against displacement within the frame 3, so that the obliquely upright arrangement of the support surface 6 and the support portion 9 of the support surface 8 are reliably maintained. Alternatively, it may be provided, the locking portion 10 on the frame 3 by additional connecting means such. B. tabs set, in particular metallic tabs which are attached to both the locking portion 10 and the frame 3. However, such tabs may also be provided in addition to the created by the projections 12, the indentations 14 and the projections 15 composite as securing elements, so that the composite can not accidentally come loose.

From Fig. 3 it is seen that the support portion 9 of the support surface 8 forms a windshield, so that from the rear against the solar module 2 flowing wind does not interfere unhindered under the solar module 2 and can lead to undesirably large lifting forces, which increases the stability of the aufgestän- damaged solar module 2 could endanger.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a solar module 2 which extends laterally beyond the width of the holding surface 6 and which extends at least as far as the upper edge of the holding surface 6, that is to say as far as the bending line 7. In contrast, it is shown in Fig. 4 that solar modules 2 can be mounted, which extend neither to the lower crease line 5 of the support surface to the upper crease line 7 of the support surface 6 and therefore in a particularly simple manner by means of approximately S-shaped or Z- shaped tabs 16 can be attached to the support surface 6. From Fig. 4 it is further apparent that provided on the outer edges of the frame 3, complementary projections 17 and indentations 18 are provided so that two adjacent, like stand 1 create a real bond and also the formation of a composite of more than just two stands 1 enable. Projections 17 flare outwards so that they form undercuts which prevent two connected stands 1 from being pulled apart horizontally.

Claims

claims:

1 . Stand of a solar module,

with a floor (3) which can be set up on a substrate, and with a holding surface (6) running obliquely upward from the floor (3) for receiving a solar module, wherein the holding surface (6) is designed as a planar element,

and to the holding surface (6) another, referred to as support surface (8) portion of the same surface element connects, which extends from the upper portion of the support surface (6) down to the bottom (3) and fixed to the bottom (3),

wherein at least one lines of weakness designed bend line (5, 7, 1 1) is provided, along which the sections of the surface element are angled against each other and along which the surface element with a lower resistance is bendable than outside the fold line (5, 7, 1 1),

and that the base (3) and the holding surface (6) are designed as sections of the same surface element, separating lines being provided to the holding surface (6) and to the support surface (8), which completely pass through the surface element, such that they permit the erection of these two surfaces in relation to the flatly aligned bottom (3),

and wherein the surface element is designed as a lightweight composite panel,

with an upper and a lower cover layer,

and with an intermediate layer having cavities therebetween,

and wherein the bottom (3) is designed as a frame which surrounds a recess,

and that the support surface (8) has a flat lying angled latching portion (10),

wherein the latching portion (10) and the bottom (3) cooperating, forming a toothing and mutually engaging behind projections (12, 15), wherein the projections (12) of the latching portion (10) in a first transport position of the surface element, a flat arrangement of Sections of the surface element enabling first projections (15) of the bottom (3) abut, and abut in a second functional position of the surface element, with erected holding and supporting surfaces (6, 8), second projections (15) of the bottom (3).

Stand according to claim 1,

characterized,

that the intermediate layer has nubs of a plastic stud plate,

which has a plate surface and a plurality of protruding from the plate surface nubs.

Stand according to claim 2,

characterized,

the intermediate layer has a studded plate whose plate surface is coated with a cover layer of the planar element is firmly connected.

Stand according to claim 3,

characterized,

the intermediate layer has two studded plates whose plate surface is in each case firmly connected to a cover layer of the planar element,

and their nubs are arranged offset from each other, such that in each case the nubs of a nubbed plate extend to the plate surface of the other nubbed plate and are firmly connected thereto.

Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

that the holding surface (6) has a stamping with a smaller layer thickness,

wherein the impression for receiving a solar module (2) has suitable length and width dimensions, such that the solar module (2) can be inserted into the impression of the holding surface (6).

Stand according to claim 5,

characterized,

the impression for receiving a solar module (2) has such a depth,

the solar module (2) can be mounted flush in the holding surface (6).

Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

the bottom (3) has projections (17) on one of its outer edges,

and on a peripheral edge opposite thereto complementary recesses (18),

such that two similar, juxtaposed Stand (1) with their bottoms (3) form a composite.

8. Stand according to claim 7,

characterized,

that the projections (17), forming an undercut, expand outwards.

9. Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the holding surface (6) is substantially U-shaped,

wherein the bottom (6) forms a bottom flap (4) which, when the holding surface (6) is arranged flat, extends into the interior of the substantially U-shaped holding surface (6).

10. Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

in that a side cover is provided which covers a lateral triangular opening of the upright (1) resulting from erected support and support surfaces (6, 8).