WO2011128812A1

WO2011128812A1 - Vertical thermal-acoustic enclosure, constructed from building blocks

Info

Publication number: WO2011128812A1
Application number: PCT/IB2011/051478
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jesús URIOL CHAVARRIGA; Jaime PUJOL ESCALÉ; Josep FUSTÉ ZAMORA
Original assignee: Uriol Chavarriga Jesus; Pujol Escale Jaime; Fuste Zamora Josep
Priority date: 2010-04-12
Filing date: 2011-04-06
Publication date: 2011-10-20
Also published as: ES2394698B1; ES2394698A1

Abstract

To that end, this invention proposes a vertical thermal-acoustic enclosure, constructed from building blocks, in which the joint between blocks is a synthetic cement putty, said enclosure being characterized by the fact that synthetic cement putty has the following mechanical properties: - Hardness between 10 and 50 Shore A; - Tensile strength between 0.1 and 3 MPa Characteristics that give the closing acoustic properties that significantly improve its noise performance compared to walls built with other known putty fillers.

Description

VERTICAL THERMAL-ACOUSTIC ENCLOSURE, CONSTRUCTED FROM

BUILDING BLOCKS

The present invention relates to a vertical thermal-acoustic enclosure, constructed from building blocks, which provides optimum sound insulation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Vertical thermal-acoustic enclosures, constructed from building blocks, where the blocks are joined with a putty filler, are well known.

In general, the putty used is made of plaster, cement, tile adhesive, mortar, especially mortar with lime, glue or fast drying cement.

These fillers, widely used, allow a fast and accurate construction.

It is also known that the updating of construction regulations, such as the Spanish Technical Building Code (CTE), pose stricter requirements for the quality of construction, and especially soundproofing.

The market has adapted to these needs through a variety of inventive proposals such as new double-leaf enclosure structures in which blocks with high performance insulation are used.

In most cases, the proposals focus on the structure of the building blocks that form the enclosures.

There are other proposals which provide good sound insulation, based on a tape of high adhesive strength which is used instead of putty, as described for example in document 2007/094689 Al by Leif Melvin Nettum.

However, despite the good performance of this particular solution, it presents problems that don't make its use optimal, particularly the strict requirements for positioning.

Contrary to the use of classical joint putty, this type of joint with tape has the disadvantage that it must be placed correctly on the row of bricks the first time, due in particular to its high adhesive strength. The same applies to blocks that are being placed on the tape. Therefore, this type of joint requires the builder to adapt to a new building system, also demanding great skill on the relative positioning between blocks and tape.

Moreover, in many cases blocks are expected to form, by means of an adequate geometry, some ducts with the adjacent blocks for the passage of pipes.

Therefore, said insulation is provided with holes for that purpose, spaced to fit properly in said resulting pipe ducts. This involves another positioning requirement that further slows down the construction of the walls.

Finally, the tape-based construction system has the disadvantage that the builder does not control the thickness of the layers, which need not be the same for all heights, quite the opposite.

In addition, over time, these tapes lose their adhesive performance and thus its acoustic performance.

For these reasons, the inventors consider it necessary to propose a solution to overcome the above mentioned drawbacks. In particular, it should be easy and versatile for the builder and result in a high performance acoustic enclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

To that end, this invention proposes a vertical thermal-acoustic enclosure, constructed from building blocks, in which the joint between blocks consists of a synthetic cement putty, said enclosure being characterized by the fact that synthetic cement putty has the following mechanical properties:

Hardness between 10 and 50 Shore A;

Tensile strength between 0.1 and 3 MPa.

These features give the enclosure acoustic properties that significantly improve its acoustic performance compared to enclosures built with other known fillers. These improved features are detailed below in the description.

Preferably, the synthetic cement putty also has the following mechanical properties:

- Elastic modulus between 0.1 and 1 MPa;

Elongation at break between 300 and 700%.

More preferably, the filler has the following mechanical properties:

Hardness between 20 and 30 Shore A;

Tensile strength between 0.9 and 1.1 Mpa.

Even more preferably the synthetic cement putty has the following mechanical properties:

Elastic modulus between 0.3 and 0.4 Mpa;

Elongation at break between 400 and 600%.

According to other advantageous and optional features of the invention: - The blocks comprise two bricks and a section element substantially rectangular arranged between said blocks and attached to them by bonding surfaces with the use of an adhesive.

- The adhesive is a hot melt.

- The faces of said element provided with the said bonding surfaces comprise longitudinal projections so that bonding surfaces with bricks and hollow spaces of predetermined width are configured.

- That the thickness of the putty layer is between 0.5 and 4 mm.

- The blocks comprise two longitudinal projections in each of the faces provided with bonding surfaces, so that in each of said faces two bonding surfaces, a hollow space between said projections and two semi-hollow spaces are configured to have holes that correspond with adjacent identical blocks.

- The width of the longitudinal projections is between 35 and 50% of the total width of the face of the element where said projections are located, so that the width of the holes is between 50 and 65% of said total width.

- In the building blocks of the enclosure, at least two of the sides not facing the bricks have a concave semi-cylindrical shape so that when coupled with an adjoining block a cylindrical duct for the passage of services is configured.

- The thickness of the projections is between 1 and 4 mm, but more preferably, the thickness of the projections is 2 mm.

- The total thickness of the insulating part of the blocks is between 30 and

50 mm.

- The total thickness of the insulating element is between 40 and 100 mm. Finally, the element is a closed cell material and more preferably it is polystyrene foam or the material sold under the brand Neopor ®.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of what has been stated some drawings are attached in which, schematically and solely by way of example but not limited, a practical case of the wall of the invention is shown.

Figure 1 is a section of a block for the construction of the wall of the invention as a preferred embodiment.

Figure 2 is an elevation view of the wall of the invention.

Figure 3 illustrates a section of a wall of the invention built employing the blocks of figure 1. DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

As illustrated in Figure 2, the invention relates generally to a vertical thermal-acoustic enclosure C, constructed from building blocks 1 , in which the joint of blocks consists of synthetic cement putty MCS.

Specifically, according to the invention the synthetic cement putty joint between blocks has the following mechanical properties:

Hardness between 10 and 50 Shore A;

- Tensile strength between 0.1 and 3 MPa.

And more preferably the following:

Hardness between 20 and 30 Shore A;

Tensile strength between 0.9 and 1.1 Mpa.

The behaviour can improve if we also used putty with the following mechanical properties:

Elastic modulus between 0.1 and 1 MPa;

Elongation at break between 300 and 700%.

And more preferably with the following:

Elastic modulus between 0.3 and 0.4 Mpa;

- Elongation at break between 400 and 600%.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 1 , blocks 1 forming the enclosure comprise two blocks LI , L2 and an AT section substantially rectangular arranged between bricks LI , L2 and attached to these by bonding surfaces using an adhesive AD.

The area of these joint surfaces and the adhesive should be chosen to achieve an optimal compromise between the self-supporting capacity of the block during construction and handling, and the width of the insulation cavities which are defined at the level of the bond between bricks and the middle insulating part.

As an adhesive to the block's cohesion a hot melt is preferred, also called hot-melt type.

The inventors have been able to verify that an adhesive thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm should be especially convenient for the blocks used in the construction of the wall of the invention.

Obtaining V cavities at joint level, shown in Figure 1 , are obtained by providing longitudinal projections R in the isolation part AT. In this way, you set a bonding surface with bricks LI, L2 and hollow spaces V of predetermined width e.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, two longitudinal projections R are provided in each of the sides set with bonding surfaces, so that in each of said faces two bonding surfaces, a hollow space V between said projections and two semi hollow spaces V devised to form holes corresponding T with identical contiguous blocks 1 as shown in Figure 3, are configured.

For example, the width of the longitudinal projections R is between 35 and 50% of the total width of the face of the element where said projections are located so that the width of the holes is between 50 and 65% of the total width. With these measures, it has been shown that the volume of the holes as well as the self-supporting capacity of the blocks are adequate. A thickness of the projections especially preferred is between 1 and 4 mm, and more preferably is 2 mm.

In order to accommodate the passage of integrated services (e.g. electricity) through the enclosure, it is expected that at least two of the sides not facing bricks have a concave semi-cylindrical shape CC, so that when coupled with an adjoining block a T cylindrical duct is set for the passage of services as shown in Figure 3.

Proper insulation can be obtained with a total thickness of the insulating part AT between 30 and 50 mm, most preferably with a thickness of 40 mm.

Sound insulation testing:

To verify the effectiveness of the invention, the inventors have done certified soundproofing tests.

Specifically in these tests, blocks with the structure described above, with measures of 500 X 192 X 192 mm and weighing 10.2 kg, coated on both sides with a layer of plaster of 10 mm, were used.

LI and L2 bricks were hollow double bricks of 69 mm and the intermediate insulating part AT was a 48 mm part of elasticized expanded polystyrene (EEPS). The connection between the AT part and the bricks was an adhesive strip of 3 mm thick.

With this structure blocks with a mass per unit area of about 122 kg / cm ² are obtained.

The tests done showed an overall weighted sound reduction of A of R =60 dBA ± 1, well above the minimum required by the CTE, and also overcoming the insulation level of any wall built with fillers.

Here are the results of each test:

According to report number 09/100499-732 with a trial date of July 7, 2009, in a test done with a wall made of parts according to the invention of 500 x 195 x 192 mm and approximately 10.2 kg joined with the putty of the invention, it is observed that an RA = 56.9 dB (A) is already achieved with no need to revoke the constructive solution.

According to report number 09/100499-845 with a trial date of July 13, 2009, in a test done with a wall made of parts according to the invention of 500 x 195 x 192 mm and approximately 10.2 kg and coated on both sides with plates of 15 mm standard plasterboard fixed with glue, with an air cavity of about 6-8 mm between the wall and plates ,it is observed that in a cladding by means of a plasterboard attached with the same synthetic cement as used among ceramic parts, an RA of 60.8 dB (A) is achieved.

This demonstration confirms that the invention leads to an improvement in the ceramic walls insulation to maintain the buoyancy between each part.

According to report 09/100499-101 1 with a trial date of July 23, 2009 and in a test done with a wall of parts according to the invention of 500 x 195 xl92 mm and approximately 10.2 kg joined with glue and a plaster wall on both sides of approximately 1.5 cm thick, it is observed that putting plaster on both sides, and therefore piecing (joining slightly) the parts together the insulation level descends very little RA = 59.7 dB (A).

Claims

1. Vertical thermal acoustic enclosure (C), built from building blocks (1) ,in which the joint between blocks consists of a synthetic cement putty (MCS), characterized by the fact that said synthetic cement putty has the following mechanical properties:

Hardness between 10 and 50 Shore A;

Tensile strength between 0.1 and 3 MPa.

2. Enclosure according to the previous claim, in which the synthetic cement putty also has the following mechanical properties:

Elastic modulus between 0.1 and 1 MPa;

Elongation at break between 300 and 700%. 3. Enclosure according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said putty has the following mechanical properties:

Hardness between 20 and 30 Shore A;

Tensile strength between 0.9 and 1.1 Mpa. 4. Enclosure according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said synthetic cement putty has the following mechanical properties:

Elastic modulus between 0.

3 and 0.

4 Mpa;

Elongation at break between 400 and 600%.

5. Enclosure according to any of the preceding claims, wherein blocks (1) comprise two bricks (LI, L2) and a section element (AT) substantially rectangular arranged between said bricks (LI, L2) and joined to these by bonding surfaces with an adhesive (AD).

6. Enclosure according to the previous claim, wherein said adhesive is a hot melt.

7. Enclosure according to either claim 5 or 6, wherein the faces of said component (AT) provided with said joining surfaces comprise longitudinal projections (R) so that bonding surfaces with bricks (LI, L2 ) and hollow spaces (V) of predetermined width (e) are configured.

8. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 7, wherein the thickness of the adhesive layer is between 0.5 and 4 mm.

5

9. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 8, which comprises two longitudinal projections (R) in each of the faces provided with bonding surfaces, so that in each of said faces two bonding surfaces, a hollow space (V) between said projections and two semi hollow spaces (V) devised to have holes that correspond with

10 adjacent identical blocks.

10. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 9, wherein the width of the longitudinal projections (R) is between 35 and 50% of the total width of the face of the element where said projections are located so that the width of holes is between 50 and

15 65% of the total width.

11. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 10, in wherein at least two sides not facing bricks have a semi cylindrical concave shape (CC), so that when a block is joined with an adjoining block a cylindrical duct (T) for the passage of

20 services is configured.

12. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 11, wherein the thickness of the projections is between 1 and 4 mm.

25 13. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 12, wherein the thickness of the projections is 2 mm.

14. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 13, wherein the total thickness of the insulating part is between 30 and 50 mm.

30

15. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 14, wherein the total thickness of the insulating element (AT) is between 40 and 100 mm.

16. Enclosure according to any of claims 5 to 15, wherein said element

35 (AT) is closed-cell material.