WO2011128223A2

WO2011128223A2 - Supporting means for an elevator system

Info

Publication number: WO2011128223A2
Application number: PCT/EP2011/055239
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hans Bloechle; Florian Dold; Herbert Bachmann; Tobias Noseda
Original assignee: Inventio Ag
Priority date: 2010-04-12
Filing date: 2011-04-05
Publication date: 2011-10-20
Also published as: WO2011128223A3; CN102869596B; EP2558398A2; CN102869596A

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator supporting means, comprising two or more tension members which extend in the longitudinal of the supporting means and are embedded in a sheath, wherein each tension member has a torque under tension, and wherein a sum of all torques of the tension members in a supporting means results in approximately zero.

Description

Supporting means for an elevator installation

The present invention relates to a suspension element for an elevator installation, to a tension member for such a suspension element, to a method for producing such a suspension element and to an elevator installation with at least one such suspension element. An elevator usually comprises a movable cabin or platform for transporting persons and / or goods (hereinafter referred to as "cabin" for short) and a suspension element arrangement which has at least one suspension element, but usually several suspension elements. For moving the cabin along its trajectory is a drive system with at least one prime mover (hereinafter referred to as "drive"), which transmits a torque to one or more traction sheaves. At least one suspension element of the suspension element arrangement at least partially wraps around the at least one traction sheave, so that the cabin suspended from the suspension element is movably connected to the traction sheave and the drive via the suspension element. For this purpose, the traction sheave usually has one respective raceway groove for each suspension element of the suspension element arrangement. In order to reduce the lifting work to be applied, the suspension element arrangement can connect the cabin to one or more counterweights that can be moved in the opposite direction to the cabin and / or can be guided by one or more deflection pulleys attached to the cabin, the counterweight or firmly in the shaft. Traction sheaves and pulleys are referred to collectively as discs.

Lately more coated suspension elements have been used in elevator systems. Such jacketed suspension means increase traction on the traction sheave as compared to conventional steel ropes and may be of circular or more or less rectangular cross-section (see, for example, WO 99/43885).

Compared with jacketed suspension elements with a circular cross section, flat, belt-like suspension elements allow smaller deflection radii. But they are more susceptible to skew, which can lead to premature wear of the support means or the disc. A twisting of such flat, broad carrying straps about their longitudinal axis, as is necessary, for example, for the opposite slinging of successive slices with the same carrying means side, is generally problematic owing to their shape. table. The service life of suspension elements and discs is reduced and the maintenance effort and thus the overall operating characteristics are therefore not optimal.

An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator system with favorable operating characteristics. It is a further object of the present invention to provide support means for an elevator installation with which a suspension element arrangement of the elevator installation can be optimally adapted to the actual requirements.

According to a first aspect of the invention, suspension elements according to the invention for installation in a suspension element arrangement of an elevator installation have at least two tension members extending in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element. Each tension member has a torque under tension, wherein the sum of the torques of all the tensile carriers of a suspension means results in approximately zero. By this measure, each support means has only a slight tendency to twist during operation. A jacket of the suspension element at least partially surrounds the tension members and thereby forms at least part of an outer contour of the suspension element.

The tension members give the suspension elements of the elevator the required tensile strength and / or longitudinal rigidity. They may be made of metallic material and / or non-metallic material, such as natural and / or synthetic fibers (polymer fibers / ceramic fibers (glass, basalt, carbon fibers)), which are usually designed as rope-like tension members but may also be Tissue of such fibers or very thin high-strength metal wires may be provided as a tensile carrier, the latter in particular as a flat fabric.

The material of which the tension members are made is in the form of metal wires or fiber strands, the latter being made of fiber bundles with twisted or parallel fibers. Since fiber strands and wires in the constructions of ropes and strands are on the same "constructive level", they are also summarized below for the sake of simplicity by the term "wire" or "wires". Wires (ie fiber strands and metal wires) lie in a tension member stranded in front of strands, wherein the strands are present in certain embodiments of the inventive tension members also beaten in one or more layers to a rope. Tension members according to the invention can be used as a wire or as a strand, wherein regardless of whether the tension member is present as a rope or stranded wire, in addition to the strands beaten to the stranded wires more wires can be provided as cored wires and other thin strands as Fülllitzen. All of these long elements extending substantially in the longitudinal direction of the tension member, ie wires, flux cored wires, strands and filler strands, are often referred to collectively below as string elements.

It is particularly favorable if the tension members are stranded in such a way that either a defined torque results in a defined direction for the tension member, or if the overall torque for the tension member is approximately equal to zero.

A simple way to obtain a suspension element, the train carrier in the sum show a torque that is approximately zero, there is an even number to provide tensile carriers in the support means, the number of S-stranded tension members (= tensile load with resulting left-handed torque) and the Number of Z-stranded tension members (= tension member with resulting right-handed torque) is the same size and the rope geometry is the same, at least for pairs of Z-stranded and S-stranded tension members. In order to keep the suspension means narrow in particular two tension members or four tension members are provided in a suspension means.

The terms S-stranded or S-hulled and Z-stranded and Z-hauled are used in this document regardless of the number of strand layers and refer only to the resulting torque of the tension member. These terms therefore include cross-cut left-handed (standard marking: zS) To he gerträg he w ch ch chanced as equaled (standard designation: sS) Zugträger and cross-turned right-handed (standard designation: sZ) Zugträger and identically beaten right-handed (standard designation : currently) tension members.

Constructions according to the invention for the tension members, which are referred to below as "coreless construction", have proven particularly suitable for the suspension elements according to the invention. In these inventive coreless constructions three strand elements are beaten without a central wire or core around each other, which is why we speak of a coreless triple strand. Preferably, a tension member not only has such a coreless construction but a plurality of such coreless constructions in at least one layer, preferably in two layers, in particular cases also in three to five layers. It has been shown that tensile carriers with at least one such coreless construction have less wear and can absorb larger breaking forces with the same diameter than tensile carriers with other constructions, in particular with constructions whose strands have a central wire. They can also be used with smaller disc diameters, allowing the use of small motors with low power consumption and small footprint. Due to their long service life, elevator systems with suspension elements which include such tension members are also inexpensive in terms of maintenance and upkeep.

The lay lengths for tension members with such coreless geometries, in which 3 wires or strands are struck with each other and around each other, are preferably always the same. To facilitate the impact, a non-supporting central strand of a polyurethane, polyamide or other suitable material may be used.

In one embodiment of the tension members, the cavities formed by the three-part arrangements are unfilled, so that when embedding the tension members in a jacket material, the cavities are filled with this jacket material. This has a positive effect on the life of the tension members of this geometry because of the better mutual shielding of the wires and strands. In addition, the better penetration of the tension member with the jacket material improves the bond between the tension member and the jacket of the suspension element, which also contributes to increasing the service life of the suspension element.

In a further embodiment, the resulting cavities in this triple arrangement are filled by cored wires or filler strands. Cored wires or filler strands are wires or strands of smaller diameter, which fit well in these gaps and do not necessarily contribute to the load capacity. They give the tension member greater dimensional stability with lateral pressure.

In further embodiments, the degree of filling is increased toward optimum filling of the hollows. The hollows are preferably filled with strand elements, ie filler strands, and / or cored wires. But you can also be filled with unsewn fiber material or a mixture of both. In other words, it is Zugträger this type with low and high degree of filling usable in the inventive suspension means, with a degree of filling of 0.6 ± 0.05 has been found to be advantageous. Another way to fill these cavities is the use of fiber reinforced plastic with or without texture. In this case, texture means that the reinforcing fibers in the plastic are oriented in a specific direction. For example, in the case of radial alignment, this increases the wear resistance and dimensional stability in the case of lateral pressure, while in the longitudinal direction, it counteracts elongation, which is particularly helpful with tension carriers made of fiber material can be.

For monitoring the suspension elements or the tension members in the suspension elements, signal-conveying or signal-inducing elements under signal measurement conditions are integrated into the tension members in preferred embodiments. In electrically non-conductive fiber materials, these are preferably electrically conductive or magnetic elements. For example, in additions with metal wires, these may also be magnetic elements, insulated electrical signal conductors or optical fibers. With a monitoring of the residual breaking force of the tensile carriers, the maintenance effort can be reduced and the maintenance work can be simplified. The suspension elements according to the invention preferably have a jacket made of a polymer, in particular a thermoplastic elastomer. According to the invention, the jacket of a suspension element can be produced in one layer from an elastomeric material or in multiple layers, wherein different elastomeric materials can be used for the different layers. The first material for a first layer and the second material for a second layer may thus be made of an identical material, such as both layers of EPDM or both layers of PU with identical chain length, identical additives and identical properties such as hardness, wear resistance, Modulus of elasticity, weather resistance, etc .. However, the two layers can also be made of a same material with different properties, for example, both layers of an ether-based PU with the same additives but different hardness due to different chain lengths or both layers of the same etherbasiertem PU with the same chain length but different abrasion resistance due to different additives. However, the layers can also be made only of a material of the same class of materials, for. B. both made of PU. But the one layer of ether-based PU and the other ester-based PU, resulting in the same hardness different weathering resistance etc. Likewise, the layers but also from very different Be made of materials, especially different plastics, such as PU and PA or EPDM and NBR.

Of course, this does not only apply to two-layer suspension but also to suspension systems with more than two layers. Suitable materials for the various layers are generally elastomers such as the following: polyurethane (PU), polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene (PE), polychloroprene (CR ), Polyethersulfone (PES), Polyphenylsulfide (PPS), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polyvinylchloride (PVC), Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-Rubber (EPDM). The materials mentioned are a non-exhaustive list; and the choice of material for the layers and the formation of the shell of the suspension means is not limited to the listed materials. In addition to the materials necessary or helpful additives can be added to the materials, as well as inhibitors against microbial attack, weatherability, plasticizers, adhesion promoters. The latter to increase the strength of the connection between the layers and between the layers and the tension members. Likewise, the incorporation of other fabrics and / or fabric fibers and / or carbon, glass or polyamide fibers, in particular aramid fibers and / or finely divided particles of metals and / or metal oxides and / or other fillers, such as. Nitride particles, possible.

The particles according to the invention have a spherical, cylindrical or amorphous basic shape with a longest extent of the particle, which is in the nanometer to micrometer range. An admixture of such relative to the base material comparatively hard particles can cause an increase in the abrasion resistance and rigidity of the respective layer. Also, carbon nanoparticles in the form of "nano-tubes", "nano-plates" or spherical nanoparticles or "black carbon" can be used in such a composite material, which is especially helpful in the occurrence of electrostatic problems m.

In a further exemplary embodiment, cotton, sisal, cellulose, silk or bast fibers having a volume fraction of up to 5% are added to the base material of a jacket material of at least one layer of the suspension element. The properties of the material (s) for the jacket include in particular the hardness, the flowability and consistency during processing, the connection properties with the rope-like tension members and / or with the material of the other position, the bending fatigue strength, the tensile and compressive strength, the wear properties, weathering, aging, fire resistance, color and the like.

In a manufacturing method for a two-layer support means, a first and a second layer are each formed in an extrusion process. In principle, it is also possible to use a vulcanizable thermoplastic elastomer material, such as EPDM. For a final shaping, a forming process or a machining or abrassives processing method can be connected to the extrusion process, wherein a possibly necessary vulcanization is then carried out only after the extrusion process and optionally after the possible forming process.

In particular embodiments of the invention, at least one of the layers of the shell may be formed of a transparent material in order to simplify testing of the suspension element or of the tension members embedded therein for damage. In addition, the first and / or the second layer may be executed in antistatic quality. In a further embodiment, for example, the second layer can be made luminescent in order to make the rotation of the traction sheave or the drum recognizable or to effect certain optical effects.

In a further embodiment, the layers can be made of different thicknesses. Depending on the requirement profile, the tension members can be arranged in the center of the suspension element, that is to say in a bending-poor zone of the suspension element, or in the connection plane between the layers or somewhere in between, in the case of layers of different thicknesses. Preferably, the tension members are arranged in a plane next to each other. This plane is arranged in particular parallel to axes of rotation of slides, when the support means is guided around the discs, and viewed suspension means and disc in this situation in section along the axis of rotation of the disc.

In order to give the suspension element according to the invention sufficient flexibility, sufficient tensile and creep strength, sufficient flexural fatigue strength, etc., it may be useful to embed the tension members in a separate layer of another material with different properties, so that these ends Layer referred to as a tensile layer clearly distinguished from the layers that form the outer contour. The shell material for that part of the outer contour which is intended to interact with the traction sheave may comprise, for example, an ether-based polyurethane or NBR elastomer (nitrile butadiene rubber) in multilayer sheath constructions, while that part of the outer contour which forms the outer back surface layer may each can be designed according to elevator system as a friction lining (eg EPDM) or as a sliding coating (eg PA). The two outer layer forming layers may be wholly or partially, directly or via an intermediate layer connected to the tension layer, the intermediate layer may be formed for example of a primer, which improves the required adhesion between said layers and / or the flexibility of the suspension element elevated.

In a multi-part design of the support means, an inventive elevator support means preferably different friction on the drive side (the drive pulley facing side of the support means) and guide side (the side facing away from the traction sheave of the support means). In order to optimize the required properties, such as friction coefficient, transverse stability, smoothness, noise reduction, torsional rigidity, coatings may be provided on the surfaces formed by the outer contour of the suspension element. These may be, for example, fabrics of metallic and / or synthetic and / or natural fibers and / or thin layers of plastic and / or composite material with metallic and / or synthetic and / or natural fibers and / or with finely divided particles of metals and / or or metal oxides. Such coatings may also be provided as sacrificial layers with respect to wear.

If a coating is provided, the coefficients of friction of the coating may also differ from the coefficients of friction of the underlying material of the respective side. For the purpose of optimizing the aforementioned rope force ratio, friction layers with coefficients of friction μ of 0.05 to 0.7 are preferred over steel disks and in particular 0.2 to 0.5, which are also abrasion resistant. In general, coefficients of friction in the range μ = 0.1 to 1, preferably μ = 0.2 to 0.6, and especially μ <0.3, are a good choice on the driving side. On the guide side, the coefficient of friction is preferably in the range μ = 0.1 to 1 and is preferably μ less than or equal to 0.3. According to one aspect of the invention, the overall height of the suspension element according to the invention is greater than or equal to its overall width. As a result, the flexural rigidity of the support means is increased by its transverse axis and it is counteracted jamming of the support means in the grooves of the traction sheave, the deflection and support disks.

According to one aspect of the invention, the support means according to the invention has an outer contour which, viewed in cross section with respect to the longitudinal axis of the suspension element, has a ratio of height h to width b of approximately 1. Preferably, this ratio h / b is in a range of 0.8 to 1 .3. By choosing such a height-to-width ratio, it is possible to provide a bias-insensitive suspension means. The outer contour also behaves mirror-symmetrically to a plane of symmetry. This results in a longer service life of the suspension element, which in turn has a positive effect on the maintenance costs of the elevator installation equipped with such a suspension element according to the invention. The support means is guided during operation in the longitudinal direction over the circumference of at least one disc (traction sheave or support or deflection plate) which is rotatably mounted about its axis of rotation. Particularly advantageous properties show inventive suspension means, the tension members are arranged parallel to each other in the width of the support means in a plane. In a first embodiment, the outer contour of the support means according to the invention has a first plane of symmetry which extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the suspension element and intersects the plane with the tension members at an arbitrary angle.

1 1 b Crossing line with the outer contour of the suspension element width b or height h of the suspension element. Supporting means with such a configuration can be easily seen from the outside in approximate knowledge of the support means structure, in which direction extends the plane of the tension members, which simplifies assembly.

If the outer contour of the suspension element also behaves mirror-symmetrically with respect to a second plane of symmetry, this simplifies manufacture, which saves costs. Embodiments of the suspension element according to the invention in which the at least one plane of symmetry extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis and is perpendicular to the plane with the tension carriers are even simpler to manufacture and more wear-resistant during operation of the elevator installation. This is because of the very balanced distribution of forces between the traction sheave and the traction carriers.

Similarly, it has a positive effect if the at least one plane of symmetry extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis and lies in the plane with the tension members or parallel to the plane with the tension members. It is also advantageous if the outer contour of the suspension element is mirror-symmetrical to two planes of symmetry and one of the two planes of symmetry extends over the width b of the suspension element and the other plane of symmetry extends over the height h of the suspension element. A further improvement of the properties, such as lower wear and better running properties, is achieved when the planes of symmetry are perpendicular to each other. Viewed in cross-section to the longitudinal axis, support means according to the invention have an outer contour, which is preferably circular, oval, hexagonal or octagonal, rectangular, square, trapezoidal, diamond-shaped or otherwise polygonal. Edges of these polygons are flattened, rounded or pointed.

To increase the contact pressure of the support means to a traction sheave, it is advantageous in view of an increase in traction or traction, that part of the outer contour, which cooperates as the contact surface of the support means with the traction sheave, with projections which cooperate with corresponding recesses of the traction sheave , The said projections extend as elongated elevations in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the suspension element and preferably come with correspondingly shaped depressions on the running surface of the traction sheave into engagement. At the same time ensure the projections with their engagement in the wells on the part of the traction sheave lateral guidance of the support means on the traction sheave.

Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the support means according to the invention formed by the outer contour over its entire length or only in corresponding sections, in which they come into contact with the drive letter and the various support and deflection pulleys of the elevator installation, be provided with special surface properties, in particular with special sliding properties. In another embodiment, the traction surface of the traction sheave meshing outer surface of the suspension element is for example with a traction-optimizing (depending on the situation this means: with traktionsvermindernder or traktionserhöhender) coating (eg PA film, TPFE-containing film, flocking, fiber spray coating, etc.), Surface structure (by blasting, sand, steel balls, glass, laser, grinding, polishing knurling, embossing, etc.) or the like provided. Alternatively, other properties, such as coefficient of friction, wear resistance, tear resistance, Walkeigenschaften etc. can be optimized by these measures. Alternatively or additionally, the support surface may also be provided with a fabric, for example a nylon fabric or aramid fabric, in order to adapt the said properties to the respective requirements. In the case of suspension elements with projections and recesses on the traction side, it is also possible to provide only those portions of the projections and / or recesses which are frictionally engaged with the traction sheave with a friction value-changing and / or noise-reducing coating, such as, for example, a PA film ,

A fabric of synthetic fibers and / or natural fibers may serve as the coating and / or layer, which fibers may be nylon, Nomex®, Kevlar®, hemp, sisal and so on. For use as a coating, the fabric may be coated or impregnated with thermoplastic or elastomeric or thermo-elastomeric plastic. In turn, come PU, polyesters, polyamides, EPDM

As an alternative to a coating, vapor deposition or flocking may also be provided. Advantageously, the coating covers the entire drive side of the drive pulley facing side and / or the entire opposite deflection / guide side, where they can wrap the suspension element completely. If only one side is coated or the two sides are coated differently, then it is advantageous if the coating does not project beyond the edges of the respective side. In special cases, it may also be useful to only partially coat one side or both sides of the suspension element.

In a method for producing the suspension element according to the invention, at least two tension members are embedded in a plane next to one another in a jacket made of a jacket material, wherein a material excess is provided on both sides of the plane containing the tension members. By material-removing editing in the areas with the material surplus then the outer contour is generated. Milling, grinding, cutting are used as material-removing machining methods.

In another embodiment of this method, the following steps are carried out: 1. Producing an intermediate product by almost complete embedding of the tension members in a first layer of the shell of a first material, wherein the tension members are embedded in a plane lying side by side with excess material on the tension members completely enclosing side. 2. Material-removing or forming a first part of the outer contour on the side of the intermediate product having the material surplus. 3. Complete embedding of the tensile carriers by connecting a second layer of the same or a different jacket material on that side of the intermediate product called, on which the tension members are closer to the surface, also with excess material. 4. Material removal producing the second part of the outer contour to the support means with complete outer contour. Optionally, after the complete outer contour has been created, a surface treatment and / or coating of the entire suspension element or of parts of its surface can take place as a further step.

Carrying means simultaneously made side by side lying, the traction of this plurality of support means are all simultaneously embedded in a plane adjacent to each other in jacket material. After embedding the tension members and producing the complete outer contour, preferably also after any surface treatment and / or coating, the individual suspension elements are separated from one another. To separate the individual support means from each other various mechanical methods such as cutting, sawing, laser cutting, etc. are conceivable. Separating points are preferably incorporated in the product for separating with the plurality of support means which facilitate the separation. For example, in the case of joint production, predetermined breaking points, for example with a particularly small material height of the jacket material, can be provided as separating points between the individual suspension elements according to the invention, which considerably simplifies the separation process. In order to simplify the assembly, it is also possible to introduce the desired number of support means connected to each other in the elevator system and be provided only at or after assembly of each other a traction sheave whose individual grooves have a greater distance from each other than the individual suspension means via the predetermined breaking points. In this way, when entering the elevator system, the product is spread apart from the interconnected support means at the predetermined breaking points until the predetermined breaking points yield and several narrow suspension elements in the elevator installation are in use.

Another way to simplify the assembly is to connect a plurality of support means with a carrier tape or assembly tape, for example made of plastic or a fabric coated with adhesive, which is removed only during assembly of the support means in an elevator system. The carrier tape or assembly tape preferably remains on the product during assembly to hold together the desired number of mounting means for assembly.

With the choice of an inventive support means with the inventive tension members for an elevator system according to the invention, a traction sheave with a smaller compared to conventional systems diameter can be used to transfer the required traction force on the support means, since the inventive support means has an improved flexural fatigue strength. Thanks to the smaller pulley diameter, the torque to be applied to the traction sheave shaft is correspondingly lower for a given traction force, which allows the use of smaller and lighter traction machines with a lower energy consumption. The installation space for the drive can be made smaller, especially narrower. Since the diameters of electric motors behave approximately proportional to the producible torque, the dimensions of the drive machine and thus the entire installation space for the described drive arrangement can be kept to a minimum so that the elevator installation can also be designed as a machine room-less elevator installation. In accordance with the invention, as the drive machine (s) asynchronous motors and / or permanent magnet motors may be part of an elevator system according to the invention.

A disc which may have the function of a traction sheave or a deflecting or support disc in the elevator, according to the invention made of steel, gray cast iron or ductile iron, but may also consist of a plastic, such as polyamide. In the interest of optimal use of the available shaft space and the lowest possible, required at the prime mover torque, have the discs diameter D from 70mm to 260 mm, in particular 80mm to 150mm and preferably 125mm, the exact diameter of the traction sheave in each case depends on the design of the support means of the nominal load, the cabin weight and other parameters. The diameters of the tension members, also chosen in coordination with the other parameters, are in the range of 1, 3 mm to 5.2 mm, preferably from 1.7 mm to 4.8 mm and in particular 3.8 mm. The diameters of tension members and traction sheave are preferably chosen so that the ratio of the pulley diameter D to the tension member diameter d is less than or equal to 40 (D / d <40); preferably in the range 25 <D / d <35 and in particular at 29 <D / d <32 and especially at 30 and 31.

Further embodiments and advantages are part of further claims.

In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to preferred non-limiting examples shown in the figures. Identical elements in the figures are provided with the same reference numerals. 1 shows a schematic cross section through an elevator installation according to the invention;

Fig. 3 viewed in cross section a first embodiment of a

Tensile support of an inventive support means of such an elevator system as a coreless triple configuration;

Fig. 4 viewed in cross section a second embodiment of a

Zugträgers or a coreless threes configuration of such a tension member;

Fig. 5 to 7 in cross-section further embodiments of

Tension members with a plurality of coreless three-way configurations;

FIGS. 8 to 16, viewed in cross-section, show various embodiments of suspension elements according to the invention of the elevator installation according to the invention;

17a to 17e process steps of a production method according to the invention for a suspension element according to the invention; Fig. 18 shows a suspension element according to the invention produced by the method shown in Figs. 17a to 17e.

Lift systems according to the invention, which are equipped with suspension elements according to the invention, are described below. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first exemplary embodiment of an elevator installation 1 according to the invention with an elevator car 10 and a counterweight 32 in a shaft 12. The elevator shaft 12 has a shaft pit 36 in which buffer 38 for the elevator car 10 and buffer 40 for the counterweight 32 are located. The car 10 is suspended in a suspension ratio of 2: 1 and with the aid of a support means 20 according to the invention in the elevator shaft 12 upwards and downwards movable. Fig. 1 shows the elevator car 10 in its lower operating end position (i.e., the counterweight 32 in its upper position), and Fig. 2 shows the elevator car 10 in its upper operating end position (i.e., the counterweight 32 in its lower position). Here, the elevator car 10 and the counterweight along vertical guide rails (not shown), which are arranged for example on the walls of the elevator shaft 12, out. To move the elevator car 10, a drive machine 14 is provided, which is connected to a driven by the motor 16 of the prime mover 14 traction sheave 26 and with a controller (not shown). For carrying the elevator car 10 and for transmitting the forces from the engine 14 to the elevator car 10, a suspension element 25 is provided with at least one support means 20, the two free ends in the example shown here in the area of the elevator shaft 12 at attachment points or fixed points 28a and 28b are attached.

From the first attachment point 28a (on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2), the at least one support means 20 initially runs down along the elevator shaft 12, wraps around a counterweight support disc 30 to which a counterweight 32 hangs, and again runs upward in the direction of the traction sheave 26 After driving around the traction sheave 26, the support means 20 extends down again and wraps around the elevator car 10, which has for this purpose on its underside two Kabinentragscheiben 34a and 34b, which are respectively wrapped by the support means 20 with about 90 °. Subsequently, the support means 20 runs along the elevator shaft 12 again upwards to the second attachment point 28b (right in Fig. 1 and 2). Instead of the two car washers 34a, 34b on both sides of the cabin floor of the elevator car 10, it is alternatively also possible to attach the two car washers 34 at the top of the elevator car 10. In an analogous manner, the counterweight support disk 30 may be mounted on the lower side instead of on the upper side of the counterweight 32 so that the at least one suspension element 20 according to the invention underlies the counterweight 32 (not shown). In addition, suspension elements 20 according to the invention can of course also be used in elevator systems with any other suspension ratio, such as 1: 1, 3: 1, 4: 1, etc., with the appropriate number of deflection pulleys, support disks, if appropriate also several traction sheaves and a corresponding arrangement of fixed points 28a. 28b.

In FIGS. 1 and 2 only one suspension element 20 according to the invention is shown, but typically at least two suspension elements 20 belong to a suspension element arrangement 25 which run parallel to one another in the sense described above. 1 and 2, the engine 14 is disposed in an engine room 22 above the hoistway 12, with the engine room 22 separated from the hoistway 12 by a hoistway 24, a bridge, or the like

However, the elevator installation 1 according to the invention can also be a machine room-less elevator installation. The drive machine 14 is then alternatively mounted in the area of the shaft pit 36, or on one or more of the guide rails for the elevator car 10 and / or for the counterweight 32, wherein this can be done at any height of the shaft. However, the drive machine 14 can also be fastened to a support structure arranged in the shaft, preferably in its upper region, which may be e.g. may have the shape of a cross member and / or a plurality of angle bracket and / or a platform.

The attachment points 28a, 28b for the free ends of the at least one support means 20 according to the invention are not necessarily positioned in the upper region of the elevator shaft 12. They can also be arranged in the lower region of the elevator shaft 12 or at any intermediate heights, with a correspondingly adapted course of the suspension element 20. Also, the two attachment points 28a, 28b need not be arranged at the same (vertical) height; Be provided height positions. Optionally, the free ones can Ends of the at least one inventive support means 20 also be fixed directly to the counterweight 32 and / or to the elevator car 10. Depending on the design of the suspension, it may be necessary to provide, in addition to the support disks 30, 34, deflection pulleys which deflect the suspension elements 20 according to the invention in the desired direction or create desired distances. For this purpose, the deflection and / or support disks may have different diameters, adapted to their position and function. Their diameter in relation to the pulley diameter plays only a minor role; ie, if necessary, the Umlenkoder support disks can have both a larger and a smaller diameter than the traction sheave.

Depending on the requirements and design of the support means assembly 25, it may be desirable to provide guide washers (not shown) which position the support means 20 or stabilize it in the desired position. In particular, as assistance in the running in and running of the at least one inventive support means 20 on the traction sheave 26 and the traction sheave 26 such guide discs are used meaningful, where they can also act as pinch rollers there positioned.

According to one aspect of the invention, support means 20 according to the invention have tension members 44 which themselves are already twisted or twisted, the terms "low-rotation" and "rotation-free" being understood as in the standard EN 12385-2: 2002 (D ) for wire ropes or especially in DIN3069 and DIN3071. If the tension members 44 are designed as a cable, they can in principle be designed analogously to spiral cables, round stranded cables or shaped cord cables and be twisted in a single, double or triple manner. According to another aspect of the invention, the tension members 44 according to the invention have at least one "coreless triple configuration" 74, as shown in FIG. In such a coreless threefold configuration, three strand elements 73 are wound around each other, in which case the term "strand element" comprises 73 steel wires or fiber strands and such stranded strands. FIG. 3 shows a coreless three-way configuration 74 in which three strands 59 are wound around one another as the central strand elements 73. These strands may be beaten from fiber strands 65 or beaten from steel wires 70.

In another embodiment, which is not explicitly shown here, the three central strand elements 73 instead of strands of wires, the so-called main wires 76 are beaten. As already noted above, wire is understood to mean both a metallic wire 67 and, in particular, a steel wire, and a fiber strand 65 formed from fiber material and composed of individual fiber bundles. FIG. 4 shows a coreless triple configuration 74 similar to that shown in FIG 3. As a central strand elements 73, three high-strength steel wires 67 are wound around each other in a coreless manner and thus form the three main wires 76. External interspaces 80 forming between the main wires 76 are filled with filling elements 78. The fillers 78 in this example are cored steel wires 67 of similar or the same strength as steel main wires 76. Conversely, the strand members 73 may be fiber strands rather than steel wires 67 and the fill members 78 may be fill fiber strands. Mixed configurations with strand elements 73 of steel wires and filling elements of filler fiber strands - and vice versa - are also possible, but their properties are difficult to predict beforehand, so that their use is associated with a correspondingly higher experimental effort.

FIG. 5 shows a tension member 44, formed from a first inner triple configuration 74, which is designed analogously to that of FIG. 3. That is, it comprises three coreless main wires 76 and in the outer spaces 80 formed between the main wires 76 cored wires 78. Around the inner triple configuration 74 are wound around 8 more coreless triple configurations 74 ', however, analogous to that of FIG Fig. 3 are constructed; that is, they each comprise only three coreless main wires 76 without fillers 78 in their outer interstices 80. In this context, the terms main wires 76 and cored wires 78 are meant for both fiber bundles made of fiber bundles 65 made of fiber material and for metal and especially steel Wires 67. The fiber material used is primarily natural or synthetic fibers, which are made of one of the following fiber materials or a mixture of two or more of the following fiber materials: cotton, sisal, hemp, polyethylene, polyester, HMPE / HPPE., Vectran®, nylon , Rayon, aramid, glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers. As metallic materials for the construction of tension members 44, especially steel and in particular high-strength steel wires are used.

Preferably, the steel wires have a tensile strength between 1400 N / mm ² and 4500 N / mm ² , in particular 1770 N / mm ² , 1960 N / mm ² , 2160 N / mm ² , 2450 N / mm ² , 3530 N / mm ² . The wire diameters are between 0.01 mm and 0.8 mm, in particular at 0.07 mm, 0.09 mm; 0.12mm, 0.175mm; 0.21mm, 0.25mm, 0.28mm.

The tensile carriers preferably have a breaking strength of 10 kN to 90 kN, in particular 15 kN, 25 kN, 30 kN, 35 kN, 40 kN, 45 kN, 90 kN.

The diameter of the tension members 44 is preferably between 0.8 mm and 20.0 mm. It is in particular between 1.0 mm and 6 mm and between 2.0 mm and 5.0 mm.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, three main wires 76 are wound around one another in a first smallest three-strand strand 74, viewed from the diameter. Three smaller cored wires 78a are stranded together with the main wires 76 to fill in the gaps 80a formed between the three main wires 76. In a second, next larger triple strand 82, three first triple strands 74 are wound around each other, whereby the interspaces 80b are filled by filler wires 78b. In a next larger third triple strand 84, which also forms the tension member 44 in this example, three second triple strands 82 are wound around each other, wherein the intermediate spaces 80c are occupied by small first triads 74. For strands with a larger diameter, this principle can be repeated several times.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 7 corresponds to that of FIG. 6, except that the degree of filling is higher here. This is achieved by, for example, filling the intermediate spaces 80b in the second triple strands 82 with further filler wires 86a. In addition, the spaces 80c between the large, third, triple strands 84 - that through the triple strands 74 into two spaces 80c 'and 80c " are divided, also filled by further cored wires 86b and 86c. In this way, the spaces 80b and 80c ', 80c "are also filled with a triple structure of strand members 73. As indicated by the dashed line in Fig. 7, the centers of the tri-structures are each on an isosceles triangle Tension members 44, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, have longer life and good flexural properties, and two of the second triple strands 82 are S-struck and one of the second three-strands 84 is joined together with the three first threes. Strands 74 Z-beaten, torsion strands 84 or tension members 44 are obtained so that they are virtually free of torsion. With the cored wires 78a, 78b, 86a, 86b, 86c, the balance of the torques can be finely tuned.

Lifting means 20 are designed with tension members 44 which comprise one or preferably a plurality of coreless three-way configurations 74, as described above, so reduces the susceptibility of breakage of the tension members in the support means life increases and maintenance and operating costs decrease.

In a further embodiment, signal-carrying lines are incorporated in the tension members, which serve for position finding and / or speed measurement of the elevator car and / or for monitoring the suspension element 20 and its Ablegereife. The signal-carrying lines may be strand elements, which are incorporated, for example, as electrical conductors in fiber tension members or optical fibers in fiber tension members or in steel tension members.

85 The signal-carrying conductors can be combined with all of the embodiments of tension members described in this document or integrated into the jacket of all the suspension elements described in this document. Further, the features or elements of individual embodiments described herein, can also be combined in an easily recognizable manner meaningful with other features shown here or elements of other embodiments.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the suspension element 20 has an outer contour 46 or a cross-section 46 which is mirror-symmetrical at least with respect to a plane of symmetry 48/52 (compare FIGS. 8 to 13). The outer contour 46 of the suspension element 20 is generally defined by the jacket 45, which surrounds the tension members 44. The jacket 45 of the inventive support means 20 is made of an elastomer, which is preferably can be processed thermoplastic. This may preferably be a natural or synthetic rubber, such as NBR, HNBR, EPM and EPDM, chloroprene, or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Particularly suitable are EPD, EPDM and ether-based polyurethanes. Also suitable are ester-based polyurethane, polyamides, in particular polyether block amides (PEBAX®); and polyester, in particular TPC (eg Hytrel®). The hardness of these materials after curing should be between Shore A70 and Shore A95, especially Shore A80, Shore A85, Shore A90, Shore A95. If two different elastomers are processed in a suspension element 20, the hardnesses can be adapted to the given requirements, whereby preferably two TPU materials with different hardness or two EPDM materials with different hardness are used. Ester-based and / or ether-based PU are also excellent.

In special cases, a coating 200 may still be applied over the jacket 45 (cf., FIG. 10). In these cases, coating 200 and sheath 45 should be designed such that the outer contour 46 of the suspension element 20 formed by these two elements is mirror-symmetrical to at least one plane of symmetry 48 or 52.

Fig. 8 to 10 show suspension means 20 with a ratio height h to width b much smaller. 1 Fig. 8 shows a flat belt with a rectangular cross-section and two mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry 48 or 52. In Figure 9 is a poly-V belt with a plurality of V-ribs 210 shown on its traction side. He has with respect to its cross-section / outer contour 46 only one plane of symmetry 52 perpendicular to the plane of the tension members 44 and a V-rib angle beta of 90 °. Per V-rib 210, a tension member 44 according to the invention is provided. Fig. 10 shows a V-ribbed belt 20 with only two V-ribs 210 whose V-rib angle beta is between 80 ° and 120 °. However, this narrow V-ribbed belt with a V-ribbed angle beta of 90 ° also shows the best guiding properties. Two tension members 44 are provided per rib 210 in this example. All support means 20 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 had an even number of tension members 44, which is greater than 2, with the torques of the tension members canceling out. In another embodiment, the support means 20 have a ratio of height h to width b which is approximately one. Preferably, this ratio h / b is in a range of 0.8 to 1.3 with a tolerance of about ± 0.05. Fig. 1 1 to 15 each show such Supporting means 20 with two tension members 44 and a jacket 45 enclosing the tension member 44 of polymer material. The suspension element 20 has an outer contour / cross-section 46 which is mirror-symmetrical at least to a first plane of symmetry 48. The two tension members 44 are each designed in such a way that the sum of their torques results in approximately zero. Due to the canceling torques of the tension members 44, the suspension element 20 has a relatively low tendency to twist during operation in an elevator installation. Due to the mirror-symmetrical configuration of the outer contour 46 of the support means 20, this tendency is further reduced. In addition, the mirror symmetry facilitates the manufacture of the suspension element 20 and has a positive effect on the distribution of the forces acting on the suspension element 20 within the suspension element 20.

The outer contours 46 of the suspension elements 20, which are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, form approximately a square or a rhombus (FIG. 11) or a parallelogram (FIG. 12) viewed in cross section with respect to the longitudinal axis 50. It is particularly advantageous if, as in the example of FIG. 10, a plane of symmetry 48 extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis 50 and the height h of the suspension element 20 and the other mirror axis 52 extends along the longitudinal axis 50 and the width b of the suspension element 20 , This not only has a positive effect on the tendency to twist and the production of the support means, but also simplifies the production of grooves for the support means 20 in pulleys and traction sheaves. Due to this special mirror symmetry, disks (traction sheaves, support disks and deflecting disks) can be formed identically by 90 ° or 180 ° even when deflecting the suspension element 20.

It is particularly advantageous if, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the tension members 44 lie in the plane of symmetry 52. This arrangement of the tension members 44, results in a position in the low-bending zone of the support means, which in turn results in lower bending alternating voltages. Due to the parallel to the axis of rotation of the discs aligned uniform distribution of the tension members 44 also results in a uniform weight distribution on the discs and a uniform load of the support means 20. Because the tension members 44 are also arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry 48, the force entries in the Surface pressure on the discs uniformly distributed to the tension members 44 in the support means 20. This applies not only to two tension members in a suspension element but also to a larger number of tension members 44 in the same number Supporting means 20. Together results in a smoother running of the suspension element 22 over the panes, wherein the suspension elements 20 according to the invention can be used without twisting or also twisted in elevator systems according to the invention.

FIG. 12 shows a second embodiment of the support means 20 according to the invention with two symmetry planes 48, 52 which are likewise arranged perpendicular to one another. However, as clearly shown in the figure, the planes of symmetry 48 and 52 each form an angle with respect to the planes defining the height h and the width b of the suspension element 20. In addition, the two planes 48, 52 form only planes of symmetry with respect to the outer contour 46 of the suspension element 20, but not with respect to the tension members 44. The tension members 44 are not mirror-symmetrical to either of the two planes of symmetry 48, 52 and lie in the plane in this example which defines the width b of the suspension element 20. As can be easily recognized from FIG. 11, the mounting with such a suspension element 20 is simpler, since height h and width b of the suspension element 20 can be distinguished better. An accidental mounting with the support means 20 perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the discs stationary tension members 44 can be avoided.

With regard to the planes of symmetry 48, 52 and the position of the tension members 44 in the plane of symmetry 52, the embodiment of FIG. 13 corresponds to that of FIG. 11. However, the outer contour 46 of the suspension element 20 shown here corresponds, viewed in cross section to the longitudinal axis 50 of the suspension element 20, to an oval that has centrally arranged projections on both sides extending into the width b (in the future referred to as "broad sides"). This embodiment improves not only the assembly but also the possibilities to guide the support means 20 during operation.

FIGS. 14 to 16 show further embodiments of the suspension element 20 according to the invention. The mirror symmetries of the outer contours 46 and the tension members 44 again behave like those of the embodiments in FIGS. 10 and 12.

In the example of FIG. 14, the outer contour 46 differs from the previous exemplary embodiments in that, viewed in cross section with respect to the longitudinal axis 50, it represents a polygon, in particular a regular octagon. The ratio of height and width in this case is equal to 1. The torques of the tension members 44 cancel each other out by the fact that the two tension members 44 have equal magnitude but oppositely directed torques. The behavior of this suspension 20 during operation is characterized by low tendency to twist, low bending stresses and in relation to the width b of the support means 20 high breaking strength.

The embodiments of FIGS. 15 and 16 likewise have polygonal outer contours 46. Viewed in cross section to the longitudinal axis 50, the outer contours 46 each result from a central rectangle (indicated by thin lines), which encloses two tension members 44 each. The tension members 44 are distributed uniformly over the width b of the suspension element 20 in the jacket 45. They are arranged side by side on the symmetry plane 52 of the respective suspension element 20 extending in the length 50 and width b. On both broad sides of the respective support means 20, at least two projections 54 are provided, which are separated by a groove 56, whereby the polygonal outer contour 46 with a ratio of width b to height h is less than or equal to 1.

In FIG. 14, two projections 54 which are trapezoidal in cross-section are separated from each other by a groove 56 of triangular cross-section. FIG. 16 shows an example with two triangular projections in cross section on the two broad sides, separated by a triangular groove 56 of equal size in cross section.

The support means in FIGS. 8 to 16 are made of a jacket material 45, which surrounds the tension members 44 on all sides and essentially determines the outer contour 46 of the suspension element. As already described, the sheath may be formed of different materials 45a and 45b. The inventive support means 20 may thus be made in one layer, but it may also include more than two layers. Thus, for example, the bending-poor zone 64 with the inventive tension members may be a separate layer of its own jacket material. The material properties of this layer are then particularly adapted to the requirements of the bending-poor zone so the material is e.g. especially adhesive against the tension members.

In the following, a possible method for producing a suspension element 20 with a single-layer or multi-layer jacket will be described with reference to the steps illustrated in FIGS. 17a to 17e. The manufacturing method shown in FIGS. 17a to 17e is also a rational method which enables the simultaneous production of a plurality of suspension elements 20 according to the invention. Step 1: Almost completely embedding the tension members 44 in a first layer 45a of the jacket 45 of a first material with excess material on the side completely enclosing the tension members (compare Fig. 17a). Step 2: Material removal or forming of a first part 46a of the outer contour 46 on the material surplus side of the intermediate product with the tension members 44 (see Fig. 17b). Step 3: Complete embedding of the tension members 44 with the same or a different jacket material on the side opposite the outer contour 45b, also with surplus material (see Fig .. 17c). Step 4: Material removal producing the second part 46b of the outer contour 46 to the support means 20 with complete outer contour 46 (see Fig. 17d). Step 5: Separation of the individual suspension elements 20 according to the invention from one another at the predetermined separation points 47 (see FIG. 17e). At most before and / or after step 5: a surface treatment or coating of a part or the entire outer contour 46. Depending on the desired mirror symmetry of the resulting inventive support means 20, the corresponding outer contour is generated in steps 2 and 5.

FIG. 18 shows a suspension element 20 according to the invention, as resulting, for example, from the production method according to the invention as shown in FIGS. 17a to 17e. That is, in this example results in an approximately diamond-shaped cross-section of the support means 20 with two mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry 48 and 52. The plane of symmetry 48 is defined by the longitudinal axis 50 and the height h of the support means 20, the plane of symmetry 52 through the longitudinal axis 50 and the Width b of the support means 20. Both planes of symmetry 48, 52 intersect the corners 49, 53 of the diamond-shaped outer contour 46 in the middle. The corners 49 on the broad sides of the support means 20, which are cut by the plane of symmetry 48, are rounded. As shown in Fig. 18 above, the corners on the broad sides but also without rounding (corner 49 ') may be formed. The corners 49 have an angle α of 90 ° in this example. However, in the case of a cross-sectionally diamond-shaped outer contour 46, other angles in the range between 50 ° and 90 ° are also expedient, in particular 55 °, 75 °, 80 °, 87 °. The corners 53, which are cut by the plane of symmetry 52, therefore also include an angle of 90 °, which is not made here extra. Instead of being rounded off, these corners 53 are cut off in accordance with their separation from the interconnected suspension elements 20 (see Fig. 17e), with sectional planes running parallel to the plane of symmetry 48. The height h of the inventive support means 20 is greater than its width b. If a plurality of support means 20 in a method gem. 17a to 17b, it is possible to produce the support means 20 in the alignment of the plane of symmetry 52 with surplus material, so that after the separation of the individual support means from each other, the cutting planes can be reworked so that they have the same corner geometry, as the corners 49 on the broad sides, and the ratio of height h to width b of the support means is about 1. For this or for easier separation at the separation points 47, it is possible to combine the tension members 44 in Zugträgergruppen. Zugträgerlücken exist between the Zugträgergruppen, which define the Zugträger as belonging to a Zugträgergruppe and at the same time define the separation point in the middle. The Zugträgergruppen include an even number of tension members 44 whose torques cancel each other, so that the sum of all torques in a Zugträgergruppe is zero.

In order to rationalize the manufacturing process and to increase the number of pieces per unit of production time, it is possible not only in the manufacturing process, as shown in FIGS. 17a to 17d, to manufacture a plurality of support means 20 according to the invention simultaneously. This can also be helpful during assembly, for example during the assembly of a plurality of support elements 20 guided side by side via a traction sheave. If the predetermined separation points are designed so that they can be easily detached, the desired number of suspension elements can remain connected for assembly purposes and be pulled together in the elevator system. The separation of the individual support means 20 at the predetermined separation points is then only on site.

Further examples of elevator installations in which suspension means according to the invention can be used are disclosed in EP144348 B1 in FIGS. 1 to 12 and the associated description. Therein, different types of suspension of the elevator car and arrangements of elevator components such as the prime mover, the counterweights, the elevator car guide rails, the traction sheaves, the pulleys, the car washers and the counterweight washers and the leadership of the support means and positioning of the Tragmittelenden disclosed. In other elevator systems with suspension elements 20 according to the invention, it is possible or necessary to twist the suspension element on its way between its two fixed points. This means that the suspension element is cut off on its way between the two fixed points. wisely guided twisted about its longitudinal axis, in particular rotated by 180 °. The patent EP1550629B1 deals with this special case of a suspension element guide. As shown there in Fig. 3 together with the associated description, the support means between two pulleys is arranged rotated about its longitudinal axis, so that a contoured Tragmitteloberfläche, with complementary contoured peripheral surfaces of both pulleys can engage. The support means 20 according to the invention described in detail elsewhere in this description are particularly suitable for such an application, since they are each designed to be rotatable about their longitudinal axis 50, without inclining too much to spin. Accordingly, the mentioned disclosure of EP1550629 B1 is fully referenced for the embodiment of possible variants of the present invention.

In elevator systems with higher operating speeds, a so-called sub-cable is used in addition to support means for moving and carrying the car and possibly counterweight. Lower ropes are stretched over a located in the pit 36 deflection pulley between the cabin floor and bottom counterweight 32. In this way, they provide for a weight balance in the process of car 10 and counterweight 32 and prevent a "jumping" of the elevator car 10 and the counterweight 32, especially when the counterweight 32 and the elevator car 10 touches or catches (not shown) As a sub-cable, the above-described inventive suspension means 20 can be used.

FIGS. 1 to 7 of the patent application WO02 / 03801A1 show a further embodiment of an elevator installation with two elevator cars. In this embodiment, in particular a drive machine arrangement is shown above the upper elevator car, which is not suitable for conventional designs because of the close arrangement of the traction sheaves and deflecting discs. The arrangements mentioned can all be realized with advantage in conjunction with the suspension elements 20 disclosed in this specification according to the invention. Accordingly, the mentioned disclosure of WO02 / 03801A1 is fully referenced for the configuration of possible variants of the present invention. Another type of elevator system has instead of a traction sheave on a drum on which the or the support means are wound up. The invention is also suitable for such applications.

Claims

claims

1 . Lifting support means with two or more tension members (44) extending in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element (20), which are embedded in a jacket (45), each tension member (44) having a torque under tension and a sum of all torques of the tension members (44 ) approximately in a suspension element (44)

Zero results.

2. Supporting means according to claim 1, wherein the jacket (45) is made of a polymer and comprises a thermoplastic elastomer.

3. Supporting means according to claim 2, wherein the jacket (45) comprises EPDM or polyurethane.

4. Supporting means according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tension members (44) are made of steel wires or fiber material.

5. Supporting means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tension members (44) comprise a coreless threefold configuration (74) of three coreless stranded strands (73), wherein a strand element (73) of a wire (76) or of a Wires (76) stranded strand (59) is formed.

6. Supporting means according to claim 5, wherein at least one filling element 78 is arranged in outer intermediate spaces (80), which result between coreless stranded strands (73) of a coreless three-way configuration (74).

7. support means according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in each case three strand elements (73) are stranded to a coreless strand element (82, 84, 86) next higher order.

8. Supporting means according to one of claims 5 to 7, wherein three strand elements (73) of an order have approximately the same diameter and are supplemented by three thinner in diameter strand elements (74, 78a, 78b).

9. suspension means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the jacket (45) forms a polygonal outer contour (46), at least opposite to an axis of symmetry

(48, 52) is mirror-symmetrical.

10. The suspension element according to claim 9, wherein the outer contour (46) viewed in cross-section has substantially the shape of a rhombus, a square, a rectangle or a parallelogram.

1 1. Elevator installation with a suspension element arrangement, characterized by a suspension element (20) according to one of claims 1 to 10.

12. elevator installation according to claim 1 1, wherein a traction sheave (24) has a diameter D which is in the range of 70 mm to 260 mm, preferably from 80 mm to 150 mm and in particular 125 mm and / or wherein the tension members have a diameter in the range from 1.3 mm to 5.2 mm, preferably from 1.7 mm to 4.8 mm and in particular at 3.8 mm and / or wherein the ratio of the drive pulley diameter D to the tensile carrier diameter d is less than or equal to 40 ( D / d <40), preferably in the range 25 <D / d <35 and in particular at 29 <D / d <32.

13. A method for producing a suspension according to one of claims 1 to 10, the method comprising the steps of: a) embedding at least two tension members (44) in a jacket (45) of a jacket material with excess material on both sides of the tension members (44) ; b) producing the outer contour (46) by material-removing machining, in particular, milling, grinding, cutting.

14. A method for producing a suspension element (20) according to claim 13, wherein the following steps are carried out in detail: a) producing an intermediate product (100) by almost complete embedding of the tension members (44) in a first layer (45a) of the jacket 45 a first material wherein the tension members (44) are embedded in a plane (51) lying side by side with excess material on the side completely enclosing the tension members (44); b) Material removing or forming a first part

(46a) the outer contour (46) on the material surplus having side of the intermediate product (100); c) embedding the tension members (44) completely by connecting a second layer (45b) of the same or another covering material on that side of the intermediate product (100) on which the tension members are closer to the surface, also with excess material; d) material-removing production of the second part (46b) of the outer contour to the support means (20) with complete outer contour (46).

15. The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein a plurality of support means (20) are made simultaneously adjacent to each other and the tension members (44) of said support means (20) at the same time in a plane (51) are embedded side by side in jacket material, and in the after manufacture the entire outer contour (46) the individual support means (20) are separated from each other, preferably at predetermined separation points (47).