WO2011126221A2 - Power control system by using distributed generation - Google Patents

Power control system by using distributed generation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011126221A2
WO2011126221A2 PCT/KR2011/001772 KR2011001772W WO2011126221A2 WO 2011126221 A2 WO2011126221 A2 WO 2011126221A2 KR 2011001772 W KR2011001772 W KR 2011001772W WO 2011126221 A2 WO2011126221 A2 WO 2011126221A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
load
battery unit
distributed generation
control system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2011/001772
Other languages
French (fr)
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WO2011126221A3 (en
Inventor
Dong-Geun Lee
Young-Ghi Ghim
Jae-Yeol Oh
Chol-Ho So
Original Assignee
Ls Cable Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ls Cable Ltd. filed Critical Ls Cable Ltd.
Publication of WO2011126221A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011126221A2/en
Publication of WO2011126221A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011126221A3/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power control system, and more particularly to a power control system having a function of supplying reserve electric power when a load reaches a peak load or encounters power failure.
  • a power control system using a battery as a source of reserve power charges a battery with power at a time of low power consumption, for example in the middle of night and discharges the power to a power system at a time that a load consumes power over a peak load, such that the load can be supplemented with power.
  • Fig. 1 shows main configuration of a conventional power control system.
  • the power control system includes a power conditioning system (PCS) 50 connected between an existing grid 10 and a load 30, a battery unit 60 charged/discharged with power in connection with the power conditioning system 50, and a controller 70 for controlling the power conditioning system 50 and the battery unit 60 in accordance with measurement values input from a load sensor 40.
  • PCS power conditioning system
  • the power conditioning system 50 plays a role of receiving power from the battery unit 60, converting the power suitably for voltage and frequency of the grid 10 and then supplying the converted power to the load 30.
  • the battery unit 60 is charged with inexpensive power supplied at a time of low power consumption, for example in the middle of night, and discharges the power in accordance with the controller 70 if necessary.
  • the battery unit 60 is generally configured with a lead battery having large energy storage but a slow response speed.
  • the power control system configured as above stores and uses power provided from the grid 10, and thus the power control system just stores power only at a time of low power consumption, for example in the middle of night, and supplies the power only when the load reaches a peak load, so its operations are very restricted.
  • the power control system is not easily applied when power failure occurs at the power system, due to the limited capacity of the battery unit 60.
  • the battery unit 60 generally configured with a lead battery has a short life cycle and a low response speed, so rapid response is not possible when the load reaches a peak load.
  • the present invention is designed to solve the problems of the prior art, and therefore it is an object of the present invention to provide a power control system configured to be capable of supplying reserve power in a rapid and stable way not only at a time that a load reaches a peak load but also that the load encounters power failure.
  • a power control system connected to a grid to control power supplied to a load
  • the power control system including a battery unit configured to give a power charging/discharging function; a distributed generation configured to generate power by consuming fuel; a power conditioning system configured to receive power from the grid and charge the battery unit with the received power, the power conditioning system converting power discharged from the battery unit and power generated at the distributed generation suitably for the grid and supplying the converted power to the load; a controller configured to control the battery unit and the distributed generation such that at least one of the battery unit and the distributed generation supplies power to the load when the load demands reserve power.
  • the battery unit may include a first battery configured with an ultra capacitor or a super capacitor; and a second battery configured with a lead battery.
  • the controller preferably discharges the first battery prior to the second battery when the battery unit is discharged.
  • the distributed generation may be configured with a fuel cell or a gas turbine.
  • the power control system may further include a power system switch configured to separate the load from the grid when power failure occurs at the load.
  • the power control system may further include a power conversion switch interposed between the power conditioning system and the battery unit/the distributed generation.
  • the controller preferably controls the power conversion switch such that power is supplied from the distributed generation after power is primarily supplied from the battery unit.
  • a distributed generation generates and supply power to the load, so power can be stably supplied though the power failure lasts for a long time.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing main configuration of a conventional power control system
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing main configuration of a power control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a graph illustrating power capacity and the order of power supply of a first battery unit, a second battery unit and a distributed generation employed in the power control system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating operations of the power control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • controller 106 power system switch
  • Fig. 2 shows main configuration of a power control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power control system of this embodiment includes a battery unit 100 and a distributed generation (DG) 101 for providing reserve power to a load 30 connected to a grid 10, a power conditioning system 102 for converting and supplying power, and a controller 105 for controlling such that reserve power is supplied when the load 30 reaches a peak load or encounters power failure.
  • DG distributed generation
  • the grid 10 to which the load 30 is connected may be an electric power system constructed by KEPCO (Korea Electric Power Corporation) as an example.
  • KEPCO Kel Electric Power Corporation
  • the load 30 is operated with power received from the grid 10, and when the load 30 reaches a peak load or encounters power failure, the load 30 may be operated with reserve power received from the power control system.
  • the battery unit 100 includes a first battery 100a having a relatively small capacity and a high response speed and a second battery 100b having a relatively low response speed and a large capacity.
  • the first battery 100a adopts an ultra capacitor or a super capacitor
  • the second battery 100b adopts a lead battery.
  • the distributed generation (DG) 101 is used for producing and supplying power separately from the grid 10, and the distributed generation (DG) 101 may adopt a common fuel cell or gas turbine, which generates electric power by consuming fuel injected therein.
  • the power conditioning system 102 plays a role of receiving power from the grid 10 and charging the battery unit 100 with the power. Also, when it is required to supply reserve power to the load 30, the power conditioning system 102 converts power discharged from the battery unit 100 or power generated at the distributed generation (DG) 101 suitably for power transmission standards of the grid 10 and then transfers the converted power to the load 30.
  • DG distributed generation
  • the controller 105 controls operations of the power conditioning system 102 such that power of the battery unit 100 and/or the distributed generation (DG) 101 is supplied to the load 30, in case the load 30 demands reserve power.
  • DG distributed generation
  • the controller 105 controls the battery unit 100 to primarily discharge power. However, if the power of the battery unit 100 is insufficient or if power failure occurs, the controller 105 controls the distributed generation (DG) 101, which is capable of providing a large capacity of power, to generate and supply power.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows power capacity and the order of supplying power of the first battery 100a, the second battery 100b and the distributed generation (DG) 101, employed in the present invention.
  • the controller 105 controls to primarily discharge the first battery 100a having a relatively high response speed and then secondarily discharge the second battery 100b having a relatively large power capacity.
  • a power system switch 106 for separating the load 30 from the grid 10 at power failure is installed at the grid 10
  • a power conversion switch 103 is installed between the power conditioning system 102 and the battery unit 100/the distributed generation (DG) 101.
  • a PCS (Power Control System) sensor 104 for transmitting information about output power of the power conditioning system 102 and voltage, power level, phase and frequency of the power system to the controller 105 is provided between the grid 10 and the power conditioning system 102, and a load sensor 107 for transmitting data about power consumed by the load 30 and state of voltage and current to the controller 105 is provided at the load 30.
  • the PCS sensor 104 and the load sensor 107 may adopt PT (Potential Transformer) or CT (Current Transformer).
  • the controller 105 keeps monitoring information and state of the power conditioning system 102, the battery unit 100, the distributed generation (DG) 101, the power system switch 106 and the power conversion switch 103, collects data from the PCS sensor 104 and the load sensor 107, and controls supply of power to the load 30.
  • DG distributed generation
  • Step S101 the controller 105 of the power control system determines whether the load 30 reaches a peak load or encounters power failure.
  • discharge control is executed for discharging the battery unit 100 such that power of the battery unit 100 is supplied to the load 30.
  • power of the first battery 100a is primarily discharged to rapidly supplement power supplied to the load 30 (Step S103), and then the power of the second battery 2 is subsequently discharged such that a larger capacity of power is supplied to the load 30 (Step S105).
  • the distributed generation (DG) 101 is controlled to generate power and supply the power to the load 30 (Steps S107, S109, S110).
  • the load 30 is separated from the power system by using the power system switch 106 connected to the grid 10 (Step S102), and then it is controlled that the power of the battery unit 100 and the power of the distributed generation (DG) 101 are subsequently supplied to the load 30 (Steps S104, S106, S108).
  • Step S104 When power is supplied to the battery unit 100, the power of the first battery 100a is primarily discharged to rapidly supplement the power of the load 30 (Step S104), and then the power of the second battery 100b is subsequently discharged to the load 30 (Step S106).
  • the distributed generation (DG) 101 When power is supplied from the distributed generation (DG) 101, the distributed generation (DG) 101 is operated such that a large capacity of power generated from fuel is supplied to the load 30 (Step S108).
  • the power control system is operated such that the first battery 100a, the second battery 100b and the distributed generation (DG) 101 supply power to the load 30 in this order. Accordingly, when the load 30 reaches a peak load, power can be rapidly supplied to the load 30. In addition, though power failure occurring at the load lasts for a long time, sufficient power can be stably supplied to the load.
  • DG distributed generation
  • the power control system according to the present invention can be used for power systems that demand rapid and stable supply of reserve power when a load reaches a peak load or encounters power failure.

Abstract

A power control system is connected to a grid to control power supplied to a load. The power control system includes a battery unit configured to give a power charging/discharging function; a distributed generation configured to generate power by consuming fuel; a power conditioning system configured to receive power from the grid and charge the battery unit with the received power, the power conditioning system converting power discharged from the battery unit and power generated at the distributed generation suitably for the grid and supplying the converted power to the load; a controller configured to control the battery unit and the distributed generation such that at least one of the battery unit and the distributed generation supplies power to the load when the load demands reserve power.

Description

POWER CONTROL SYSTEM BY USING DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
The present invention relates to a power control system, and more particularly to a power control system having a function of supplying reserve electric power when a load reaches a peak load or encounters power failure.
Cross-Reference to Related Application
This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2010-0031930 filed in Republic of Korea on April 7, 2010, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
A power control system using a battery as a source of reserve power charges a battery with power at a time of low power consumption, for example in the middle of night and discharges the power to a power system at a time that a load consumes power over a peak load, such that the load can be supplemented with power.
Fig. 1 shows main configuration of a conventional power control system. Referring to Fig. 1, the power control system includes a power conditioning system (PCS) 50 connected between an existing grid 10 and a load 30, a battery unit 60 charged/discharged with power in connection with the power conditioning system 50, and a controller 70 for controlling the power conditioning system 50 and the battery unit 60 in accordance with measurement values input from a load sensor 40.
The power conditioning system 50 plays a role of receiving power from the battery unit 60, converting the power suitably for voltage and frequency of the grid 10 and then supplying the converted power to the load 30.
The battery unit 60 is charged with inexpensive power supplied at a time of low power consumption, for example in the middle of night, and discharges the power in accordance with the controller 70 if necessary. The battery unit 60 is generally configured with a lead battery having large energy storage but a slow response speed.
The power control system configured as above stores and uses power provided from the grid 10, and thus the power control system just stores power only at a time of low power consumption, for example in the middle of night, and supplies the power only when the load reaches a peak load, so its operations are very restricted.
In particular, the power control system is not easily applied when power failure occurs at the power system, due to the limited capacity of the battery unit 60. In addition, the battery unit 60 generally configured with a lead battery has a short life cycle and a low response speed, so rapid response is not possible when the load reaches a peak load.
The present invention is designed to solve the problems of the prior art, and therefore it is an object of the present invention to provide a power control system configured to be capable of supplying reserve power in a rapid and stable way not only at a time that a load reaches a peak load but also that the load encounters power failure.
In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power control system connected to a grid to control power supplied to a load, the power control system including a battery unit configured to give a power charging/discharging function; a distributed generation configured to generate power by consuming fuel; a power conditioning system configured to receive power from the grid and charge the battery unit with the received power, the power conditioning system converting power discharged from the battery unit and power generated at the distributed generation suitably for the grid and supplying the converted power to the load; a controller configured to control the battery unit and the distributed generation such that at least one of the battery unit and the distributed generation supplies power to the load when the load demands reserve power.
The battery unit may include a first battery configured with an ultra capacitor or a super capacitor; and a second battery configured with a lead battery.
The controller preferably discharges the first battery prior to the second battery when the battery unit is discharged.
The distributed generation may be configured with a fuel cell or a gas turbine.
The power control system may further include a power system switch configured to separate the load from the grid when power failure occurs at the load.
Also, the power control system may further include a power conversion switch interposed between the power conditioning system and the battery unit/the distributed generation.
The controller preferably controls the power conversion switch such that power is supplied from the distributed generation after power is primarily supplied from the battery unit.
According to the present invention, when a load reaches a peak load, power is supplied to the load by a battery with a high response speed before a large-capacity battery discharges power thereto, thereby ensuring rapid response to the power failure.
In addition, after power is supplied by the battery, a distributed generation generates and supply power to the load, so power can be stably supplied though the power failure lasts for a long time.
Other objects and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing main configuration of a conventional power control system;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing main configuration of a power control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a graph illustrating power capacity and the order of power supply of a first battery unit, a second battery unit and a distributed generation employed in the power control system of the present invention; and
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating operations of the power control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
< Reference Symbols of Main Components >
10: grid 20: power cable
30: load 100: battery unit
101: distributed generation 102: power conditioning system
103: power conversion switch 104: PCS sensor
105: controller 106: power system switch
107: load switch
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to the description, it should be understood that the terms used in the specification and the appended claims should not be construed as limited to general and dictionary meanings, but interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to technical aspects of the present invention on the basis of the principle that the inventor is allowed to define terms appropriately for the best explanation. Therefore, the description proposed herein is just a preferable example for the purpose of illustrations only, not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so it should be understood that other equivalents and modifications could be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows main configuration of a power control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 2, the power control system of this embodiment includes a battery unit 100 and a distributed generation (DG) 101 for providing reserve power to a load 30 connected to a grid 10, a power conditioning system 102 for converting and supplying power, and a controller 105 for controlling such that reserve power is supplied when the load 30 reaches a peak load or encounters power failure.
The grid 10 to which the load 30 is connected may be an electric power system constructed by KEPCO (Korea Electric Power Corporation) as an example. The load 30 is operated with power received from the grid 10, and when the load 30 reaches a peak load or encounters power failure, the load 30 may be operated with reserve power received from the power control system.
The battery unit 100 includes a first battery 100a having a relatively small capacity and a high response speed and a second battery 100b having a relatively low response speed and a large capacity. Preferably, the first battery 100a adopts an ultra capacitor or a super capacitor, and the second battery 100b adopts a lead battery.
The distributed generation (DG) 101 is used for producing and supplying power separately from the grid 10, and the distributed generation (DG) 101 may adopt a common fuel cell or gas turbine, which generates electric power by consuming fuel injected therein.
The power conditioning system 102 plays a role of receiving power from the grid 10 and charging the battery unit 100 with the power. Also, when it is required to supply reserve power to the load 30, the power conditioning system 102 converts power discharged from the battery unit 100 or power generated at the distributed generation (DG) 101 suitably for power transmission standards of the grid 10 and then transfers the converted power to the load 30.
The controller 105 controls operations of the power conditioning system 102 such that power of the battery unit 100 and/or the distributed generation (DG) 101 is supplied to the load 30, in case the load 30 demands reserve power.
When the load 30 demands reserve power, the controller 105 controls the battery unit 100 to primarily discharge power. However, if the power of the battery unit 100 is insufficient or if power failure occurs, the controller 105 controls the distributed generation (DG) 101, which is capable of providing a large capacity of power, to generate and supply power. Regarding this configuration, Fig. 3 schematically shows power capacity and the order of supplying power of the first battery 100a, the second battery 100b and the distributed generation (DG) 101, employed in the present invention.
In case the battery unit 100 discharges power, the controller 105 controls to primarily discharge the first battery 100a having a relatively high response speed and then secondarily discharge the second battery 100b having a relatively large power capacity.
For the above power supply control of the controller 105, a power system switch 106 for separating the load 30 from the grid 10 at power failure is installed at the grid 10, and a power conversion switch 103 is installed between the power conditioning system 102 and the battery unit 100/the distributed generation (DG) 101.
In addition, a PCS (Power Control System) sensor 104 for transmitting information about output power of the power conditioning system 102 and voltage, power level, phase and frequency of the power system to the controller 105 is provided between the grid 10 and the power conditioning system 102, and a load sensor 107 for transmitting data about power consumed by the load 30 and state of voltage and current to the controller 105 is provided at the load 30. The PCS sensor 104 and the load sensor 107 may adopt PT (Potential Transformer) or CT (Current Transformer).
The controller 105 keeps monitoring information and state of the power conditioning system 102, the battery unit 100, the distributed generation (DG) 101, the power system switch 106 and the power conversion switch 103, collects data from the PCS sensor 104 and the load sensor 107, and controls supply of power to the load 30.
Now, operations of the power control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to Fig. 4.
When the load 30 demands reserve power (S100), the controller 105 of the power control system determines whether the load 30 reaches a peak load or encounters power failure (Step S101).
In case the load 30 reaches a peak load as a result of the determination, discharge control is executed for discharging the battery unit 100 such that power of the battery unit 100 is supplied to the load 30. During the discharge control process, power of the first battery 100a is primarily discharged to rapidly supplement power supplied to the load 30 (Step S103), and then the power of the second battery 2 is subsequently discharged such that a larger capacity of power is supplied to the load 30 (Step S105).
After that, it is determined whether the load 30 is sufficiently supplemented with the power supplied from the battery unit 100, and then if it is recognized that the charging power of the battery unit 100 is insufficient, the distributed generation (DG) 101 is controlled to generate power and supply the power to the load 30 (Steps S107, S109, S110).
Meanwhile, in case power failure occurs at the load 30 as a result of the determination of the step S101, the load 30 is separated from the power system by using the power system switch 106 connected to the grid 10 (Step S102), and then it is controlled that the power of the battery unit 100 and the power of the distributed generation (DG) 101 are subsequently supplied to the load 30 (Steps S104, S106, S108).
When power is supplied to the battery unit 100, the power of the first battery 100a is primarily discharged to rapidly supplement the power of the load 30 (Step S104), and then the power of the second battery 100b is subsequently discharged to the load 30 (Step S106).
When power is supplied from the distributed generation (DG) 101, the distributed generation (DG) 101 is operated such that a large capacity of power generated from fuel is supplied to the load 30 (Step S108).
As described above, the power control system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is operated such that the first battery 100a, the second battery 100b and the distributed generation (DG) 101 supply power to the load 30 in this order. Accordingly, when the load 30 reaches a peak load, power can be rapidly supplied to the load 30. In addition, though power failure occurring at the load lasts for a long time, sufficient power can be stably supplied to the load.
The present invention has been described in detail. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.
The power control system according to the present invention can be used for power systems that demand rapid and stable supply of reserve power when a load reaches a peak load or encounters power failure.

Claims (6)

  1. A power control system connected to a grid to control power supplied to a load, the power control system comprising:
    a battery unit configured to give a power charging/discharging function;
    a distributed generation configured to generate power by consuming fuel;
    a power conditioning system configured to receive power from the grid and charge the battery unit with the received power, the power conditioning system converting power discharged from the battery unit and power generated at the distributed generation suitably for the grid and supplying the converted power to the load;
    a controller configured to control the battery unit and the distributed generation such that at least one of the battery unit and the distributed generation supplies power to the load when the load demands reserve power.
  2. The power control system according to claim 1, wherein the battery unit includes:
    a first battery configured with an ultra capacitor or a super capacitor; and
    a second battery configured with a lead battery.
  3. The power control system according to claim 2, wherein the controller discharges the first battery prior to the second battery when the battery unit is discharged.
  4. The power control system according to claim 1, wherein the distributed generation is configured with a fuel cell or a gas turbine.
  5. The power control system according to claim 1, further comprising a power system switch configured to separate the load from the grid when power failure occurs at the load.
  6. The power control system according to claim 1, further comprising a power conversion switch interposed between the power conditioning system and the battery unit/the distributed generation,
    wherein the controller controls the power conversion switch such that power is supplied from the distributed generation after power is primarily supplied from the battery unit.
PCT/KR2011/001772 2010-04-07 2011-03-14 Power control system by using distributed generation WO2011126221A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2010-0031930 2010-04-07
KR1020100031930A KR20110112678A (en) 2010-04-07 2010-04-07 Power control system by using distributed generation

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KR101418580B1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2014-07-10 주식회사 희수정보통신 CCTV monitor with an electric source in case of emergency
KR101363859B1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2014-02-20 주식회사 포스코 Uninterruptible power supply system
KR102220496B1 (en) * 2014-10-15 2021-02-25 삼성중공업 주식회사 Fuel cell system

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