WO2011124506A2

WO2011124506A2 - Power plant and method for generating electrical power using steam

Info

Publication number: WO2011124506A2
Application number: PCT/EP2011/054820
Authority: WO
Inventors: Huseyin Atala
Original assignee: Huseyin Atala
Priority date: 2010-03-29
Filing date: 2011-03-29
Publication date: 2011-10-13
Also published as: DE102010013098A1; WO2011124506A3; EP2553337A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a power plant (1) and method for generating electrical power using steam. The power plant (1) comprises a liquid tank (10) for receiving a liquid from which steam is to be generated, a pipe system (20) connected to the liquid tank (10) such that said pipe system can be fed with liquid from the liquid tank (10), and a plurality of separate combustion chambers (37) each disposed at the pipe system (20) at a predetermined distance from each other for heating the liquid from the liquid tank (10) into steam in the pipe system (20).

Description

Power plant and method for generating electrical energy with steam

description

The invention relates to a power plant and a method for generating electrical energy with steam. Conventional steam power plants generate steam in a boiler made of water, which is further heated in a downstream superheater to temperatures of about 600 ° C and is fed via piping to a turbine. By in the

Pipelines pressurized steam will set the turbine in motion. This movement (mechanical energy) is converted by a generator into electrical energy, which can be fed, for example, into power grids and thus fed to a consumer. After the turbine, the partially cooled steam flows into a condenser in which the steam condenses and thus becomes water again. The water is collected in a water tank and can be returned from there to the steam boiler.

By flowing over the turbine and the condenser, the steam is contaminated by, for example, oil on the turbine, which is why the steam must be purified by means of complex processes, such as the Taprogge process, before it is fed into the water tank. In addition, today known steam power plants have an efficiency of approximately only 45%.

Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide a power plant and a method for generating electrical energy with steam available, in which a pollution of the environment is avoided with toxins and yet a higher efficiency of the power plant and the method can be achieved, than before common.

The object is achieved by a power plant for generating electrical energy with steam according to claim 1. The power plant has a liquid container for receiving a liquid from which to generate steam, a pipe system, which with the

Liquid container is connected so that it can be fed with liquid from the liquid container, and a plurality of separate combustion chambers, each with a predetermined distance from each other are arranged on the pipe system, for heating the liquid from the liquid container in the pipe system to steam.

Advantageous further embodiments of the power plant are specified in the dependent claims.

The pipe system may comprise a plurality of juxtaposed tubes which are arranged side by side so as to form a substantially hollow cylindrical body in cross-section. It is advantageous if the pipe system comprises a plurality of juxtaposed tubes, each two in the

Substantially rectilinear shaped and juxtaposed pipe sections, which are interconnected by a bent portion. Here, the two rectilinear pipe sections of a pipe may have different sized pipe diameter.

In addition, the rectilinear pipe sections of a pipe, the first

Pipe diameters are arranged side by side so that they form a first ring in cross-section, wherein the other rectilinear pipe sections of a tube having a second pipe diameter which is smaller than the first pipe diameter can be arranged side by side so that they Seen cross-section form a second ring, and wherein the first ring may have a larger ring diameter than the second ring and may be arranged around the first ring around.

The power plant can also have at least one heating device for heating the tube section of the two substantially rectilinearly shaped and arranged side by side

Pipe sections of a pipe of the pipe system, which has the smaller pipe diameter. In this case, the at least one heating device may be fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the rectilinear pipe section with a smaller pipe diameter and achieves a heating heat of approximately 850 ° C.

It is advantageous if the pipe system is embedded in a tile layer, which is in the

Viewed cross-section has a hollow cylindrical body which is externally surrounded by at least one brick layer and a concrete layer disposed thereon. It is also possible that the power plant has pipes for heating, which of the cavity of the

hollow cylindrical body around the rectilinear pipe sections with different

Pipe diameters are bent and lead back into the cavity.

The object is also achieved by a method according to claim 10. The method is for generating electrical energy with steam, and comprises the steps of: receiving a liquid from which steam is to be generated in a liquid container; Feeding the liquid from the liquid container into a pipe system; and heating the liquid from the liquid container in the pipe system to steam by means of a plurality of separate combustion chambers, each at a predetermined distance from each other at the

Pipe system are arranged. With the power plant and method described above, a new type of steam generation is provided in a power plant, in which a pollution of the environment with toxins during operation of the power plant is avoided and still a very high efficiency of

Power plant and the process can be achieved.

In addition, the fuel demand, so primary energy is comparatively low, since with a combustion chamber steam in several tubes can be heated simultaneously. This results in a good efficiency. In addition, the power plant is designed structurally simpler than previously known power plants, so that both the construction and maintenance of the power plant is simplified, which in each case contributes to cost reduction.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a power plant according to the first

Embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional enlarged view of a part of the power plant according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a further three-dimensional enlarged view of a part of the power plant according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

4A-B are each a schematic three-dimensional exterior view of

Steam generating device of Fig. 1, wherein in Fig. 4A is a part of a

Steam generating device of the power plant is shown in section;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional plan view of a pipe system in a vault of

Steam generating device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional sectional view of a part of

Steam generating device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a further schematic three-dimensional sectional view of a part of

Steam generating device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is yet another schematic three-dimensional sectional view of a part of

Steam generating device of Fig. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross section of the steam generating device of FIG. 1; FIG.

10 is a three-dimensional sectional view of a portion of

Steam generating device of Fig. 1; Fig. 1 1 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of heating pipes in the steam generating device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 12 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a part of a power plant according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is another schematic three-dimensional view of a part of the power plant of Fig. 12; and

14 is another schematic three-dimensional view of a part of the power plant of FIG. 12.

In the following description, the same and equivalent parts are given the same reference numerals.

(First embodiment)

Fig. 1 shows a view of a power plant 1 with a liquid container 10, a

Pipe system 20, a steam generating device 30, in which a part of the pipe system 20 is guided with steel channels 22, a turbine 40, a collecting container 50, and

Fuel containers 60. Into the collecting container 50 hot air is optionally introduced mixed with water from the steam generating device 30 via pipelines. The air can be cleaned in the collection container 50 of any toxins contained therein and then released to the environment. In the collecting container 50, liquid such as water may be included. The fuel tank 60 serve to receive fuel, which is usable in the power plant 1 for generating steam.

Fig. 2 shows a simplified representation of the part of the power plant 1 of Fig. 1 between the liquid container 10 and the steam generating means 30. Here, in Fig. 2, the collecting container 50 is not shown and the steel channels 22 are illustrated only as tubes. In addition, the turbine 40 is partially shown in section.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid container 10 is disposed at one end of the power plant 1. The liquid container 10 is filled with groundwater, for example, which can be introduced into the liquid container 10 via unillustrated pipelines. For this purpose, preferably five pipes, not shown, are provided in a wall of the liquid container 10 and to pumps, in particular motor pumps,

connected, which pump the liquid into the liquid container 10. By controlling the delivery rate of the pumps and / or shut-off valves on the liquid container 10, the amount of liquid present in the liquid container 10 can be regulated.

In the bottom of the liquid container 10 are a plurality of openings,

For example, 30 openings through which liquid or water from the

Liquid container 10 in connected to the openings liquid container drain pipes 21st can be directed. More specifically, a liquid container drain pipe 21 is preferably connected to each of the openings. As shown in Fig. 2, the

Liquid container drain pipes 21 arranged in a row next to each other. Each of the liquid container drainage pipes 21 leads into one below the liquid container 10

arranged steel channel 22, which, as mentioned, is shown in Fig. 2 for the sake of simplicity as a tube and also part of the pipe system 20. That is, under the

Liquid container 10, ten steel channels 22 are arranged side by side in Fig. 2 in a direction which is directed from the liquid container 10 to the steam generating means 30. In the liquid container drain pipes 21, pumps not shown may be mounted, which may increase the water pressure.

From the liquid container 10, which is for example 20 m wide, 50 m long and 3 m deep and over the last 50 m of the steam generating ducts (corresponding to the inner tubes 26 described later) with its narrow, 20 m wide side, facing the overall system, is arranged 10 pipes, which are also to be opened and closed by means of shut-off valves, preferably lead to the 10 steam-generating ducts. These 10 tubes can be filled by means of pumps which are mounted under the liquid container 10 at the beginning of the tubes. They are used, if necessary, to provide a constant and even supply of liquid into the tubes. Each 1 tube leads liquid in one of these channels, divides there into 3 tubes and runs through the total length of this

Steam generation channel.

It is also advantageous if the liquid container drain pipes 21 are each made in three tubes side by side, as shown in FIG. 3. Here, the 3 juxtaposed liquid container drain pipes 21 are continued in each one of the steel channels 22. The 3 liquid container drain pipes 21 in a steel channel 22 in this case have from the beginning of the steel channel 22 to the end of each unillustrated holes through which the liquid from the 3 liquid container drain pipes 21 can escape into the steel channel 22. In this case, the holes are preferably arranged uniformly. In addition, in the left in Fig. 3 arranged liquid container drain pipe 21 of the three directly

juxtaposed liquid container drain pipes 21, the holes arranged right, and in the right in Fig. 3 arranged liquid container drain pipe 21 of the three juxtaposed liquid container drain pipes 21, the holes are arranged on the left. In the middle liquid container drain pipe 21 of the three directly juxtaposed liquid container drain pipes 21 in Fig. 3, the holes are arranged both on the right and on the left. That is, the holes in the liquid tank drainage pipes 21 are respectively associated with the other liquid tank drainage pipes 21 arranged in the group of three directly juxtaposed liquid tank drainage pipes 21 adjacent to the respective liquid tank drainage pipes 21. However, the holes in the liquid tank drainage pipes 21 are not disposed directly opposite to each other but offset from one another, that is, on one side of the liquid container drain pipes 21, the rows of holes formed from holes are arranged higher than on the other side, as in a sprinkler. In the liquid container drain pipes 21 are respectively

Shut-off valves 21 a arranged, with which the liquid supply from the liquid container 10 in the steel channels 22 is adjustable. At the liquid container 10 facing the end of the steel channel 22, which is shown in Fig. 3, is preferably not shown

Heated fan arranged.

2, four heating tubes 23 (see also FIG. 3), which are arranged lengthwise next to each other or one above the other, and at their other end in a tube distributor 24, also run in each steel channel 22 from below in FIG (see Figures 12 to 14). Here, the manifold 24 may have a transverse to the heating tubes 23 pipe section which is closed at its ends and at the tube walls, the heating tubes 23 are connected (see Fig .. 12 to 14). Four heating pipes 25 lead from the pipe distributor 24 to the steam generating device 30. As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the four heating pipes 25 are guided in a bend from the pipe distributors 24 upwards to the steam generating device 30.

Although not shown, the heating tubes 23 may pass through the steel channel 22 in a spiral, so that the heating tubes 23 in the steel channel 22 preferably cover a total of three times the length of the steel channel 22. That the

Liquid container 10 facing the end of the steel channels 22 is shown in Fig. 3, in which the Flüssigkeitsbehälterabflussrohre 21 as a bundle of three in a row

juxtaposed tubes are shown. The system is protected

Heating pipes 23, pipe manifold 24 and heating pipes 25 with an insulating layer 22a (Fig. 3) made of concrete, bricks and tiles, which is guided under the steel channels 22, wherein the tubes 23, 25 run outside the steel channels 22 through the tiling layer of the insulating layer 22a. The

Heating pipes 23 open after they have passed through the steel channels 22 seen from the steam generating device 30, in the collecting container 50, as well as from Fig. 1 can be seen.

As illustrated in Fig. 2 (see also Fig. 12 to 14), a so-called inner tube 26 is connected to each of the steel channels 22 at its end remote from the liquid container 10, which from the steel channel 22 upwards to the plane of

Steam generating device 30 is guided. Here, the inner tubes 26 are bundled in the manner shown in Fig. 2, so that they are arranged side by side in the lengthwise in the

Steam generating device 30 can be performed. More specifically, the inner tubes 26 are arranged with their tube lengths side by side so as to be separated from their

Seen tube cross-section from lying on a ring, which in turn lies within a ring which is formed from correspondingly bundled outer tubes 27. This arrangement of the inner and outer tubes 26, 27 is better shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 9 and is under

Reference to these figures will be described in more detail later.

The outer tubes 27 are also connected to the turbine 40 and lead them to the steam generated in the power plant 1, so that the turbine 40 can convert the energy of the steam into motion and thus mechanical energy. The mechanical energy is in turn converted into electricity and thus electrical energy. After passing through the turbine 40, the steam is purified by means of a condenser, in which the vapor is partially condensed and becomes liquid and, in addition, can be cleaned of toxins optionally present in it Liquid container 10 passed. The capacitor is shown in Fig. 1 and 2 for the sake of simplicity as a condensation tube 28.

FIGS. 4A and 4B each show an external view of the steam generator 30, from which it can be seen that the steam generator 30 is largely channel-shaped. At its one end, which faces the turbine 40 and the liquid container 10, the aforementioned inner and outer tubes 26, 27 exit. At its other end, the steam generating device 30 has an approximately pear-shaped thickening, which is referred to below vault 31. In the vault 31, the inner tubes 26 are transferred into the outer tubes 27, as shown in Fig. 5. That is, each of the inner tubes 26 forms a substantially rectilinear pipe section of a pipe, which serves as another in the

Substantially rectilinear pipe section of one of the outer tubes 27 has, and which also has a bent pipe section, which connects the two rectilinear pipe sections, or an inner tube 26 and an outer tube 27, as shown in Fig. 5 and also shown in FIG. 4A. The bent pipe section has a bending line which is fitted into the shape of the arch 31 or corresponds to it. Since the inner tubes 26 have a smaller outer tube diameter than the outer tubes 27, the tube outer diameter of the inner tubes 26 in the vault 31 is adapted to the tube outer diameter of the outer tubes 27. Preferably, this adjustment of the tube outer diameter over the length of the bent pipe section can be made gradually and start where the respective inner tube 26 enters the vault 31.

6 shows a sectional view of the steam generating device 30, in which, for better illustration, the inner tubes 26 and outer tubes 27 are shown in the direction of the vault 31 without steam generating device 30. To each an inner tube 26 and a

Outer tube 27 is at predetermined intervals another tube, which is also referred to later as a U-shaped tube 29, laid, which will be described in more detail later with reference to FIG. 10 and FIG. In addition, it can be seen from FIG. 6 that the

Steam generating device 30 is constructed of several layers, which are arranged around the tube bundle of inner and outer tubes 26, 27. This structure of

Steam generating device 30 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 7 to 10.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the steam generating device 30 has a cylindrical shape except for its vault 31. Here, the

Steam generating device 30 as the outermost layer a concrete layer 32 with a ring thickness of for example about 1 meter. On the concrete layer 30, two brick layers 33a, 33b are arranged on top of each other in the steam generating device 30, wherein in the brick layer 33a the bricks are arranged transversely to the bricks of the brick layer 33b. Towards the interior of the steam generating device 30, the tile layers 33a, 33b are adjoined by a tile layer 34 in which the outer tubes 27 are arranged in a ring with a larger ring diameter than the ring in which the inner tubes 26 are arranged. That is, between the inner tubes 26 and outer tubes 27 and the U-shaped tubes 29, which, as shown in Fig. 6 to Fig. 8 and previously described, in the

Steam generating means 30 are arranged, are a plurality of individual tiles layered such that in the steam generating device 30 results in an overall annular tile layer 34, as illustrated in Fig. 7 to Fig. 10. That is, the tile layer 34 forms in the interior of the ring formed by it a gas-filled, for example air, cavity 35, which is preferably lined with a steel layer 36. In the cavity 35, both ends of each of the tubes 29 open, so that the tubes 29 are placed in a substantially U-shape around each an inner and outer tube 26, 27. At the bottom of the U-shaped tube 29, a pipe piece 29 a is attached, which up to the

Concrete layer of the steam generating device 30 is led out. In the pipe section 29 a and thus the U-shaped tube 29 can therefore from outside the

Steam generating means 30 media are introduced into the cavity 35 of the steam generating means 30 lined on its inner wall with the steel layer 36, as described in more detail later. The U-shaped tubes 29 are each provided between combustion chambers 37 which are spaced a predetermined distance along the length of the

Steam generating device 30 are arranged.

The U-shaped tubes 29 are mounted in such a way that they can absorb the pressure which comes from the direction of the arch 31 with their collecting opening and, after the U-shaped arch or the bottom of the US, has the outlet opening of the U-shaped tubes 29 in

Direction of the turbine 40 and the liquid container 10 facing the end of the

Steam generating device 30.

The combustion chambers 37 (see Fig. 9) are outwardly around the tile layer 34, through which the inner tubes 26 lead, as a ring with a width (in the direction of the length of the

Steam generating device 30) arranged substantially smaller than the length of

Steam generating device 30 may be. More precisely, the width of the

Combustion chambers 37 by more than a factor of 100 smaller than the length of

Steam generating device 30 be. Therefore, along the length of the

Steam generating device 30 a plurality of combustion chambers 37 arranged. Into each of the combustion chambers 37, an unillustrated fuel supply pipe for supplying

Fuel from the fuel tanks 60 into the annular combustors 37. Via the fuel supply pipes, heated air can also be introduced into the combustion chamber 37 by means of hot air devices to keep a heat previously generated by burning fuel constant. Each fuel supply pipe 38 is connected to a not shown

Supply line system connected to the fuel tanks 60. The supply of fuel to each individual fuel supply pipe 38 is, for example, by means of a valve

apparently / closable. Supply lines of the supply power system and the supply line system are isolated.

In addition, cavity heating tubes 39 (see Fig. 8 to Fig. 10) lead from the combustion chambers 37 into the cavity 35 in order to also conduct heat from the combustion chamber 37 into the cavity 35. If required, ventilation ducts 39a can also be provided, which lead from the cavity 35 through all the layers to the outside on the concrete layer 32 of the steam generator 30 and with which the steam generator 30 can be cooled, if that

should be required. For this purpose, the ventilation ducts 39a from the outside as needed completely or only partially opened or closed. Just before the ventilation ducts 39 a lead into the cavity 35, the ventilation ducts 39 a, which are preferably also formed as a steel pipe, a bend, so that the cold air, which they

transport, in the direction of the vault 31 of the steam generating device 30 can be performed.

The U-shaped tubes 29 between the combustion chambers 37 can be arranged at a smaller distance from each other than the individual combustion chambers 37. The U-shaped tubes 29, the combustion chambers 37, the fuel supply pipes 38, the cavity heating pipes 39 and the ventilation ducts 39a are both in the elongated Channel-shaped section of the

Steam generating device 30 and her vault 31 available. In the area of the expansion of the arch 31, the circumference of the combustion chambers 37 also increases accordingly. In addition, the above-described layer construction of concrete layer 32, brick layers 33a, 33b, etc. is also in the vault 31 as well as in the elongated channel-shaped portion of the steam generating device 30th

In the region of the arch 31, heaters 29b are mounted in the U-shaped tubes 29 at the location at which the arc of a U-shaped tube 29 reaches its highest point. Herein, the heaters 29b are in both directions of the arc. For heating the heaters 29b, the power generated by the power plant 1 can be used. For this purpose, an unillustrated power cable in a designated slot, which is also not shown, led from the outside to the respective heater 29b. The heaters 29 b can also in all U-shaped tubes 29 of the

Steam generating device 30 may be provided.

The cavity 35 is at the turbine 40 end facing the

Steam generator 30 is closed by a plate, not shown, through which the heating tubes 25 lead into the cavity. The plate is preferably a steel plate on which the heating tubes 25 are welded, for example.

The steel channels 22 are also surrounded by an insulating layer, not shown, which is preferably a brick layer 22a, as shown in Fig. 3. Here, the steel channels 22 preferably have a rectangular, in particular square cross-section. In this case, the transition between angular steel channel 22 and round inner tube is to be formed as a correspondingly shaped funnel 22b (see also Fig. 14). In addition, the spaces between the steel channels 22 are preferably completely filled with bricks, so that the

Heat loss can be kept as low as possible. During operation of the power plant 1, the steel channels 22 are filled with liquid only up to half their height. Of the

Liquid level in the steel channels 22 can be regulated with the completely or partially closable drain from the liquid container 10 into the liquid container drain pipes 21.

The liquid container 10 preferably also has insulation to store as much as possible the heat of the liquid received therein. For this, the walls of the Liquid container 10, for example, consist of a brick layer of a

Concrete layer is surrounded. The bottom of the liquid container 10 may consist of a

Tile layer exist, which between the under the liquid container 10th

passing through steel channels 22 and the liquid container 10 and connects both together. Inside, the liquid container 10 may be lined with a sufficiently thick layer of durable steel. Here, the execution of this steel layer as a pan on the entire bottom of the liquid container 10, which also covers the lower portion of the inner walls of the liquid container 10, is advantageous. In addition, the liquid container 10 is preferably covered with a roof, in which openings are provided for a walkability of the liquid container 10 for maintenance and control purposes and for releasing steam. For releasing steam can also be arranged on or in the openings also suction devices, which cover steam from the

Aspirate liquid container 10.

From the cavity 35 of the steam generating device 30 are preferably 10 tubes, for example, about 5 cm in diameter, which to the steam generating channels

(Heat exchanger) and split there at the beginning of these channels in each case two tubes, for example, about 2 cm in diameter. In the first example, about 50 m of these channels, these tubes continue in zigzag shape at the top and bottom of the channel. The next, for example, about 100 m, they continue to run in a straight shape and are in the connection, when they have left the channels, in curved form on the pointing to the heat exchanger wall of the liquid container 10 in this (see also Fig. 1 to Fig. 3). Then they run on the bottom of the liquid container 10 on the opposite wall of the liquid container 10 away and then they are for

Holding container 50 continued. To prevent too high a temperature in the liquid container 10, before coming out of the heat exchangers tubes in the

Liquid container 10 occur, a derivative, preferably in the form of a tube present to possibly too hot or too much liquid through pipes outside the liquid container 10 to the receiving container 50 can be derived. Preferably, this derivative is openable and closable by means of a valve.

This results in the advantage that by using the prevailing in the steam generating device 30 heat of about 1200 ° C to 1400 ° C, the temperature of the steam in the

Heat exchangers and thus the pressure with which this to the inner tubes 26 of the

Steam generating device 30 is guided, can be increased. At the same time, the temperature of the liquid in the liquid container 10 can be raised. Thus, energy, so fuel, such as oil or natural gas, etc., can be saved, since now the steam, when it comes into the inner tubes 26 of the steam generator 30, already has a higher heat.

The preferably 10 tubes, which, as described above, later lead to the heat exchangers, are arranged in the cavity 35 of the steam generator 30, which for example has a diameter of about 2 m, on the wall, which is for example a steel wall, circular and also fixed there. For example, about 10 meters before the exit lead these tubes through the tile wall to the inner tubes 26 and open into it. They then run inside the inner tubes 26 to the beginning of the heat exchanger channels and branch there as previously described.

The cavity 35 of the steam generating device 30 is closed by a steel plate, through which a tube of, for example, 20 cm in diameter passes through, into which air can be blown by means of a compressor. In the distance of

For example, about 5 m is located in the cavity 35, a second steel plate, for example, has 10 openings, for example, about 5 cm in diameter. From here lead, for example, 10 tubes, for example, about 5 cm diameter air through the entire cavity 35 to its end in the vault 31, make a turn around there and then run back the entire length until, as described above, in the inner tubes 26 open.

Now, the operation and the function of the power plant 1 will be described in more detail.

When or before starting the power plant 1, the liquid container 10 with the particular for the steam cycle of the power plant 1 liquid, such as groundwater or water of a river or lake filled. When using river and / or seawater, this may still need to be cleaned, so that the parts of the power plant 1 coming into contact therewith are not damaged by pollutants in the water. In addition, the steel channels 22 are filled up to half their height with the liquid by passing over the

Liquid container drain pipes 21 fluid is drained from the liquid container 10. Alternatively, when heating the power plant 1 liquid from a the

Steam generating system 30 annularly circulating tube (not shown) are introduced into the inner tubes 26, which then runs in the steel channels 22. For this purpose, the liquid is introduced into the inner tubes 26 in the inner tubes 26 counter to the direction of flow of steam in the inner tubes 26, so that the discharge point is not unnecessarily loaded by vapor pressure in the inner tubes 26.

In addition, heaters not shown also on the inner wall of the inner tubes 26 and the outer tubes 27 may be mounted such that they along the entire length of the inner tubes 26 and outer tubes 27 are movable back and forth. These heaters are to be designed so that they can generate heat of up to about 850 ° C. In this way, heat can be uniformly generated at all positions of the inner tubes 26 and the outer tubes 27, so that the inner tubes 26 and the outer tubes 27 are uniformly heated to a temperature of 900 ° C to 1300 ° C. Once the outer tubes 27 and the inner tubes 26 and the surrounding tiles or the tile layer 34 have reached this temperature, the heaters used for their heating can be dismantled, since the inner tubes 26 and the outer tubes 27 only at startup of the power plant 1 means these heaters are heated. For example, the outer tubes 27 can be heated in front of the inner tubes 26. In an area near the liquid container 10 facing the end of the inner tubes 26 may be provided in the inner tubes 26 constantly also not shown heaters to supply heat at the beginning of the passage of the steam through the inner tubes and thereby put him under pressure and thus increasing its speed. The temperature of the steam is in this area about 300 ° C, wherein the already prevailing in the inner tubes temperature is about 800 ° C. Subsequently, all opening and closing options of the indoor and

Outer tubes 26, 27 closed in the entire steam generating device 30.

Thereafter, the combustion chambers 37 surrounding the inner tubes 26 in the initial region of the steam generating device 30, for example up to 200 m from the steel ducts, are filled via the fuel supply tubes with fuel such as natural gas or oil, etc., which is in communication with the fuel supply tubes Air mixed. As soon as the fuel / air mixture into the welding torch (not shown in FIG

Heating phase) heated combustors 37 (temperature is about 600 ° C. to 800 ° C., ignites and burns.) The resulting combustion heat is conducted via the cavity heating pipes 39 and the U-shaped tubes 29 into the cavity 36 and heats the steel layer 36 However, at the same time, the inner tubes 26 are also heated since the cavity heating tubes 39 and the U-shaped tubes 29 always pass between the inner tubes 26. In addition, the tile layer 34 around the cavity 35 and the inner tubes 26 around As a result, the inner tubes 26 as well as the outer tubes 27 are additionally heated and the temperature in them rises to 1200 ° C. Heat generated by the described processes does not only become due to the tiled layers of the tile layer 34 between the inner tubes 26 and outer tubes 27 in the cavity 35 but also to the inner tubes 26 and outer tubes 27 are discharged and that 70% of it to the I nnenrohre 26 and 30% thereof to the outer tubes 27th

In this first phase, black smoke is generated in the cavity 35, which contains toxins, but which can then be led through the heating tubes 25, 23 to the collecting container 50, since the gas in the cavity 36 is heated and expands. Since gas, for example air, in the heating tubes 25, the tube connectors 24 and the heating tubes 23 with the gas, for example air, in the cavity 36 is in communication, also heated gas flows from the cavity 36 in the heating tubes 25, the tube connector 24 and As a result, the still cold gas in the heating tubes 25, the tube connector 24 and the heating tubes 23 is pressurized, so that it gradually mixed with the incoming warm gas from the cavity and also heats up. As a result, the heating pipes 25, which heat

Pipe connector 24 and the heating tubes 23. The heated heating tubes 23, which may be laid helically in the steel channels 22, as described above, heat by their installation under the liquid surface in the steel channels 22 turn the liquid in the

Steel channels 22 on. As a result, the walls of the steel channel 22 are gradually heated to about 200 to 300 ° C. In addition, without a different supply of energy gradually in the steel ducts 22 steam at a temperature of about 300 ° C, which escapes from the steel channel 22 in the inner tubes 26. Thus, the steel channels 22 has the function of a

Steam generation, so that they can also be referred to as pre-steam generator, while the steam generator 30 and the function of

Overheating has. In the inner tubes 26, the steam is controlled by the temperature of the inner tubes 26 and further heating by means of the combustion chambers 37, preferably in the region of

Steam generating device 30 before the vault 31, for example, at 1650 m to 1850 m after the steel channels 22, and the U-shaped tubes 29 further heated. Again, arises in the cavity 35 again contaminated with toxic smoke, but burns on his way through the 1200 ° C hot cavity 35, so that it at its exit from the

Steam generation plant 30 and the steel channel 22 barely contains toxins. Nevertheless, he is also led to the collection container 50 and the existing cleaning system. Of this approximately 200 m long (based on a steam generating device 30 with a length of about 2000 m) long section, which was heated as just described, radiates about 40% of the heat on the not yet heated cavity 35 from. The same process takes place in all the combustion chambers 37 in the vault 31 (for example, 15 combustion chambers 37), so that further heat on the not yet heated portion of the cavity 35 in the

Steam generator 30 emits. Thus, the aforementioned percentage is increased to about 50%.

After these described first heating processes are completed, the

Combustion chambers 37 heated in the portion of the steam generating device 30, which, based on a 2000 m long steam generating device 30, between 200 m and 1650 m of their length.

As a result of the further heating of the steam, its volume and the pressure exerted on the inner tubes 26 continue to increase. Thus, the steam flows over the bent pipe sections in the vault 31 of the steam generating device 30 in the outer tubes 27. By further

Heating the steam by means of the combustion chambers 37, the U-shaped tubes 29, the

Heaters 29b, the heat in the cavity 36 in the vault 31, the heated

Tile layer 34 and by the enlarged in the outer tubes 27 tube cross-section of the steam is further heated and gets even further under pressure. As a result, the steam gets an ever greater flow velocity and flows faster through the outer tubes 27 in the direction of the turbine 40. Overall, the steam in the steam generator 30 is heated to 800 ° C to 1200 ° C.

The steam conducted by the outer tubes 27 from the steam generating device 30 strikes the turbine 40 at a temperature of approximately 600 to 800 ° C., which is thereby set in motion. As a result, 40 or electrical energy can be generated by means of the turbine. Preferably, the turbine 40 is arranged such that its central axis is at the same height as the central axis of the cavity of the steam generator 30. In other words, the centers of the turbine 40 and the cavity 36 are at the same height, so that a straight line is formed when connecting both centers with a line in the shortest path.

The turbine 40 is surrounded by walls and a roof made of reinforced concrete, which connect directly to the steam generating device 30, and begin after her, and also end behind the turbine. The turbine 40 is supported and mounted to withstand the forces which the steam coming from the steam generator 30 develops without

Damage survives. The now coming from the turbine 40 and now cooled steam is passed through the condensation tube 28 into the liquid container 10. At this time, the steam in the condensing pipe 28 is further cooled, as mentioned above. Meanwhile, the liquid in the liquid container 10 is likewise warmed up by the heat of the steel channels 22 under the liquid container 10, to a temperature of approximately 60 to 80 ° C. The liquid can now start again the cycle described above.

The inner tubes 26 have after leaving the steam generator 30 an outflow to the liquid container 10 and the collecting container 50. The drain can be opened and closed as needed. In addition, there may be a port through which air can be blown into the inner tubes 26 with the aid of a compressor

To drive thermal resistance.

The heating tubes 23 and 25 and the heating manifold 24 are not mandatory and may also be omitted.

Second Embodiment

According to this embodiment, the power plant 1 has, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, in addition to the turbine 40, a further turbine 41, which is driven by hot air from two heating tubes 25 and in this way can generate electricity or electrical energy , A condensation tube 42 leads from the turbine 41 into the liquid container 10 and has the same function as the condensation tube 28 of the first embodiment. If necessary, the turbine 41 can also be used as a pump, which liquid from the

Liquid container 10 in the heating tubes 23, 25, the manifold 24 and the cavity 35 pumps.

All other parts of the power plant 1 according to this embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment and are given the same reference numerals. Therefore, further description in this regard is omitted here.

(Third Embodiment)

In addition to the execution of the power plant 1 according to the first or second

Embodiment may be in the steel channels 22 of this embodiment

Hot air system for even more heating of the liquid or the steam in the steel channels 22 provide. For this purpose, hot air devices at the beginning of the steel channel 22, that is, at its end remote from the steam generating device 30 may be provided so that they blow in a region above the liquid surface hot air into the respective steel channel 22 and thus not only the heat in the steel channel 22nd but also increase the vapor pressure in the direction of the steam generating device 30. As further modification, in the steel channels 22 below the liquid surface

Heating devices are mounted, which together can reach a heat of about 850 ° C in the steel channels 22. In this way, the liquid in the

Liquid container 10 are heated to up to 100 to 120 ° C.

(fourth embodiment)

In another embodiment, the power plant is constructed in a modular manner. In addition to modules, which may include, for example, the turbine, the liquid feed, the liquid storage, condensation equipment and / or the vault, it is particularly advantageous to perform the area in which the heating of the liquid, the steam generation and / or the further steam heating is carried out in a modular manner. Several such modules can be joined together and used to heat the liquid, the steam generation and / or the further steam heating. As already described for other exemplary embodiments, each of these modules has a substantially tubular structure, the wall consisting of several layers. Inside is a cavity, which can be used, for example, for the removal of combustion gases. Preferably, this cavity is tube-like and has a diameter <100, preferably <50, more preferably less than 25 cm. In the fourth embodiment, with a total length of the region in which the heating of the liquid, the steam generation and / or the further steam heating takes place, from about 10 to 15 m, a cavity diameter of about 20 cm is provided.

A compensation layer, which can be, for example, a (metal) wire mesh or another suitable material, is initially arranged around this cavity. This layer is preferably comparatively thin and serves for the stabilization and the additional maintenance of the further layers. In particular, this compensation layer serves to (local) fluctuations in the extent of the individual layers, which can be determined, for example, by (local)

Temperature changes can be caused to compensate. The compensation layer is dimensioned such that the fluctuations in the expansion of the individual layers can be compensated. This layer is preferably <10 cm, preferably <5 cm, particularly preferably <2.5 cm. In the fourth embodiment, the compensation layer has a thickness of about 1, 5 cm.

Radially outside this leveling layer, a layer of a heat storage medium is arranged. This medium may be, for example, tiles, bricks, bricks, ceramics and other - especially inorganic - materials. Radially outside this layer again follows a leveling layer, which preferably again has the properties of the already mentioned compensation layers. This layer is preferably 2.5 to 50 cm, preferably 5 to 30 cm, particularly preferably 10 to 20 cm thick. In the fourth embodiment, the heat storage layer has a thickness of about 15 cm.

This is followed by a radially outer layer of a thermally highly conductive material, such as steel. This layer simultaneously forms the radially inner boundary the inner combustion chamber. In this combustion chamber run a plurality of pipes through which the medium to be heated can be passed. Between the individual pipelines interspaces are arranged such that the pipelines are well accessible to a heat transfer medium, heat radiation and / or combustion gases. This makes it possible to provide a large surface, at which a heat transfer can take place in the interior of the pipes. Preferably, the pipes are spaced from each other and from the boundaries of the combustion chamber, so that combustion exhaust gases or other heat transport medium can be transported between them and the

Surfaces washed around. Where possible, the pipelines run in such a way that they provide a large surface area for heat transport. Also, the cross-section of the respective piping may be designed so that the surface area is increased compared to the surface of a pipe having a circular cross-section. For example, the pipes may be flattened e.g. be oval. In a further embodiment, they run in a loop or meander shape through the combustion chamber. On the radially outer side of the combustion chamber, this is through a further layer of a thermally highly conductive material such

for example, a steel jacket, completed. Preferably, each of the layers surrounding the combustion chamber made of thermally conductive material <5 cm, preferably <2.5 cm, particularly preferably <1 cm thick. In the fourth embodiment, these layers have a thickness of about 0.5 cm. The expansion of the combustion chamber can be designed according to the requirements and the required Wärmetramsport through the walls of the pipes. Depending on the number of pipes, their course and / or their dimensions, different strengths are advantageous. Thicknesses between 1 and 100 cm, preferably between 2.5 and 50 cm, particularly preferably between 5 and 25 cm are preferred for the combustion chamber. In the fourth embodiment, the combustion chamber has a thickness of about 6 cm.

Radially outside, this inner combustion chamber is followed by another layer of heat storage medium. As well as the already mentioned layer of heat storage medium may be, for example, tiles, bricks, tiles, ceramics and other - especially inorganic - materials. This layer is also surrounded radially inwardly and outwardly by a respective compensating layer, which preferably again has the properties of the already mentioned compensating layers. Preferably, this layer as well as the radially inner heat storage layer 2.5 - 50 cm, preferably 5 - 30 cm, particularly preferably 10 - 20 cm strong. In the fourth embodiment, the heat storage layer has a thickness of about 15 cm.

Further radially outside, this heat storage layer is followed by another combustion chamber. This is similar to the inner combustion chamber is formed and is also of

limited to thermally conductive layers. Due to the fact that this combustion chamber is arranged radially further out, the circumference is larger. With the same radial extent, therefore, the volume is greater. Accordingly, with the same radial expansion, it is possible to provide a larger heat transfer surface in this combustion chamber.

Preferably, the waste heat or the exhaust gas and / or the heat transfer medium used in the inner combustion chamber from the inner combustion chamber is transferred to this outer combustion chamber to increase the energy yield. Additionally with additional separately supplied energy So a particularly advantageous energy balance can be achieved. The medium to be heated in the pipelines disposed in the outer combustion chamber moves substantially opposite to the medium in the inner combustion chamber. However, it is also possible for the medium in the piping system of the outer combustion chamber to be looped or meander-shaped. Essentially opposite means in this

Connection that the medium to be heated leaves the outer combustion chamber on the side on which the medium to be heated is introduced into the inner combustion chamber.

For the outer combustion chamber, thicknesses between 1 and 100 cm, preferably between 2.5 and 50 cm, more preferably between 5 and 25 cm are preferred. In the fourth

Embodiment, the outer combustion chamber has a thickness of about 6 cm. The combustion exhaust gas leaving the outer combustion chamber and / or the outer one

Combustion chamber used heat transfer medium is passed for further energy recovery in the inner cavity. There it serves for the surrounding of this cavity

Heat storage medium in addition to heat and thus give about this heat storage medium energy to the inner combustion chamber. This can further increase energy efficiency. The exhaust gases are thus used in addition to the preheating.

Next radially outside there is an insulating layer, which in dependence on the

Insulating material, the desired temperature difference and the maximum temperature can be designed. The insulating layer is preferably a space in which there is a reduced gas pressure. The gas pressure is preferably <100 mbar, preferably <50 mbar, more preferably <20 mbar, particularly preferably <10 mbar. Except vacuum (different thicknesses), other insulating layers can be used. Depending on the thermal

Resistance can also be used various materials, which are e.g. have good insulating properties by gas inclusions. Examples of this may e.g. Glass or rock wool, heat-resistant foams, airgel and / or others and / or

Combinations of these be. Preferably, the material used is selected so that the insulating layer can be kept as thin as possible, so that the material requirements and thus the costs can be kept relatively low. Preference is given to insulation layers which are <100 cm, preferably <50 cm, more preferably <25 cm, particularly preferably <10 cm are strong. In the fourth embodiment, the insulation layers has a thickness of about 10 cm.

In the longitudinal direction, a device is arranged in each case at the beginning and at the end of a module, by means of which the combustion chambers energy can be supplied. These may be, for example, burners for natural gas, crude oil, other gaseous energy sources (eg biogas, synthesis gas, hydrogen), other liquid fuels (eg biofuels, ethanol, petroleum fractions, oils, fatty acid esters and others) and for solids (such as coal, biomass ) act. It is possible that the energy is generated in these devices and is transmitted by means of a heat carrier in the combustion chambers or provide the facilities only required for combustion materials and their combustion takes place in the above-described combustion chambers. Preferably, these devices are arranged so that each module in the longitudinal direction at the beginning of the module at least one, preferably at least two, more preferably at least 3 means for supplying energy into the interior Having combustion chamber and in the longitudinal direction at the end of the module at least one, preferably at least two, more preferably at least 3 means for supplying energy into the outer combustion chamber. Furthermore, it is also possible that further devices for supplying energy are arranged on the respective opposite side of a combustion chamber. Thus, by the very large number of means for supplying energy is a very precise control of the temperature in each

Combustion chamber possible. This allows the operation of the power plant under optimal conditions, so that a maximum energy yield can be achieved. The oxygen necessary for combustion sourcing the means for supplying energy to the environment or oxygen is supplied to these facilities from the outside. For monitoring the respective temperature, at least one temperature sensor is arranged in the interior of each combustion chamber. Preferably, each combustion chamber comprises at least as many

Temperature sensors such as means for supplying energy in order to ensure the most homogeneous temperature distribution in the circumferential direction can.

The pipelines of the respective modules have coupling mechanisms, by means of which they are connected to the corresponding pipes of adjacent modules or other

Power plant facilities can be connected. Preferably, a power plant comprises at least 2 such modules, preferably at least three modules. By the respective at least 2 combustion chambers per module, each with at least one device for supplying energy such a power plant thus comprises at least 4 combustion chambers or

Facilities for supplying energy. A significantly larger number of combustion chambers or devices for supplying energy is preferred. Preference is given to at least 5, particularly preferably at least 7 combustion chambers and preferably at least 5, more preferably at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, particularly preferably at least 9 means for supplying energy. In the fourth embodiment, 3 modules are connected in series with each other within the power plant. The length of a single module can be adapted to the respective needs. The modules are preferably comparatively short in order to be able to ensure the most homogeneous possible energy distribution within the respective combustion chambers. Preferably, each module has an extent of <20 m, preferably <10 m, particularly preferably <5 m in the longitudinal direction. In the fourth

Embodiment, each of the modules is 3 m long. The entire power plant thus has a longitudinal extent of 5 - 50 m, preferably 7.5 - 40 m, more preferably 10 - 30 m.

A module for producing a steam generating device in a power plant for generating electrical energy with steam is preferably designed such that the module can be connected to other modules, the module has a predetermined cross-section and has at least two combustion chambers, wherein an inner combustion chamber closer to a central Ache of the module is arranged as another outer combustion chamber, run through each combustion chamber piping.

It is also possible in a further embodiment that between the already

a first second liquid container and the first module or the first combustion chamber of the steam generating device, a further second liquid container is arranged, in which is a smaller amount of liquid stored as in the first liquid container can be adjusted to a predetermined temperature. Due to the comparatively small amount of liquid, a more accurate adjustment of the temperature is possible, with which the liquid leaves this second liquid container and with which it can be supplied to further downstream devices. The tempering of the liquid can be done by any suitable means. So are

For example, electric temperature control, fossil fuel heating, solar energy, or use of waste heat from other processes possible. For example, this can be done by means of heat exchangers. Preferably, the liquid in this container is already adjusted to a temperature slightly below its boiling point, more preferably to a temperature which is less than 20 ° C, more preferably less than 10 ° C below the boiling point of the liquid used. When using water therefore temperatures> 80 ° C, more preferably> 90 ° C are preferred.

Also upstream of the first combustion chamber may optionally be arranged a device in which the liquid is already transferred to the gaseous state.

Accordingly, in the first and the following combustion chambers, only the overheating of the steam already generated takes place. To generate the steam in this additional

Steam generating device is preferably used, the waste heat of the combustion gases. Preferably, therefore, the combustion exhaust gases which are discharged through the central cavity of the individual combustion chambers used. In a preferred

Embodiment, the hot combustion exhaust gases are passed in a conduit system made of a thermally conductive material through this additional steam generator. The already set to a predetermined temperature liquid is brought directly into contact or via a heat exchanger with the hot line system, whereby it is supplied to the necessary energy for evaporation and steam is formed. Steam generation preferably takes place by spraying the tempered liquid onto a pipeline in which the hot combustion exhaust gases are conducted. For example, this can be done such that liquid is sprayed from a plurality of openings or nozzles on an example, spirally extending exhaust pipe. Upon contact with the via exhaust pipe made of a thermally conductive material whose outside temperature is above the boiling point of the liquid, the liquid evaporates and can be supplied through an outlet opening as a vapor of the first combustion chamber. Unevaporated liquid is collected at the bottom of this steam generator and returned to one of the liquid containers. Preferably, the return takes place in the second liquid container, in which the liquid already has a temperature near the boiling point.

(General)

All of the above-described embodiments of the power plant 1 and of the method can be used individually or in all possible combinations. In particular, the following modifications are conceivable. Although it has previously been described that the power plant 1 has a turbine 40, if required the power plant can also have more than one turbine 40, to which the steam is led out of the steam generating device 30. For this purpose, the steam from the outer tubes 27 must be divided only suitable for the number of turbines 40 used in each case. Moreover, it is possible that the roof of the liquid container 10 is a saddle roof. This is preferably placed on the liquid container 10 that the walls of the

Liquid container 10 for inspection and maintenance purposes are accessible above. For this purpose, corresponding doors or access hatches are to be provided in the area of the saddle roof. As far as possible, the aforementioned hot air devices and heaters with by the

Power plant 1 generated electricity supplied.

All the above-mentioned pipes may be made of steel, which can withstand temperatures above 600 ° C and, for example, with the inner and outer tubes 26, 27 up to 1200 ° C permanently. Preferably, this is austenitic steel. In addition, all parts and layers, which are referred to in this description as consisting of steel, suitable to withstand the temperatures permanently, which are called in the description for them. If necessary, it is also austenitic steel or other suitable steel.

All previously described introductions of liquid, air, fuel, etc. into the power plant 1 as well as the temperature at various points in the power plant 1 can be measured by means of suitable sensors. If necessary, the values determined by the sensors can be regulated to predetermined desired values via a control device.

In the region of the end of the outer tubes 27 of the steam generating device 30, that is in the region in front of the turbine 40, the outer tubes 27 can each have a valve

have openable / closable branches over which steam can be vented from the outer tubes 27, for example, to reduce the vapor pressure on the turbine 40, if desired or required.

Depending on the power to be generated by the power plant 1, it is possible, for example, to choose between oil or natural gas as the fuel. Here, oil has a higher calorific value. If oil is used as fuel in the power plant 1, a heat of about 1200 ° C can be generated. If natural gas is introduced into the pipes, through which water can be introduced in the direction of the steam, the heat can be increased to 1500 ° C.

For example, the parts of the power plant 1 previously described in connection with the figures may have the following dimensions:

Liquid container 10: length 50 m, width 20 m, depth 3 m; Wall thickness: 1 m, of which 0.8 m brick layer, 0.2 m concrete layer; Steel layer at the bottom about 1 cm thick and at the

Interior walls up to 1 m high; Roof thickness: 0.2 cm; remaining wall thickness for accessibility: 0.8 m; 6 roof openings, 3 on each side of the saddle roof, and 2 doors, 1 each on each side of the gable roof. Steel channels 22: length approx. 150 m, width x height approx. 1 mx 1 m; Way of the heating pipes 23 in

Steel channel 22 about 450 m; Liquid level in the steel channel 22 each 0.5 m; Distance of

Heating tubes 23 from the liquid surface in the steel channel 22 about 0.065 m; Brick layer over the steel channels 22: thickness 0.4 m;

Heating pipes 23: pipe diameter 50 cm;

Heating pipes 25: pipe diameter 10 cm;

Protective layers for system of the heating pipes 23, pipe manifold 24 and heating pipes 25:

Concrete layer thickness 0.15 m; Brick thickness 0.3 m; Tile layer thickness 0.3 m.

Inner tubes 26: tube diameter 50 cm

Outer tubes 27: tube diameter 80 cm

Steam generating device 30: length about 650 m to about 2000 m, of which the channel-like elongated section about 500 m to about 1850 m and the vault 31 each about 150 m long; Diameter about 12.80 m; widest diameter of the vault 31: approx. 20 to 24 m.

Concrete layer 32: thickness 1 m

Brick layer 33a, 33b: each 0.8 m thick

Tile layer 34: thickness about 2.00 to about 5.00 m, preferably about 3.30 m or 2.80 m;

Distance of the inner tubes 26 in the tile layer 34 to the cavity 35: about 0.5 m; Distance of the outer tubes 27 to the edge of the tile layer 34: about 0.5 m.

Cavity 35: Diameter in the channel-like elongated section about 2 m, in the vault 31 correspondingly wider.

Combustion chamber 37: width approx. 5 cm; Distance between the individual combustion chambers 37: 10 m, so that in the steam generating device 30 including the vault 31 about 200

Combustion chambers 37 are present. Preferably, the combustion chambers are lined with a steel layer or made of steel, which withstands the resulting temperatures permanently. Distance of the combustion chambers 37 of both the inner tubes 26 and the outer tubes: about 25 cm.

Combustion chamber feed pipe: Material: steel, inner pipe diameter about 5 cm, pipe wall thickness at least 1 cm, length at least from a combustion chamber 37 to the outside of the steam generating device 30th

Cavity heating tube 39: tube diameter 10 cm; Distance between individual

Cavity heating pipes 1 m.

Ventilation ducts 39a: diameter 10 cm; Distance between individual ventilation shafts 10 m.

Distance between annular pipes outside the steam generating plant 30, through which water in either the inner tubes 26 or in the outer tubes 27 can be introduced to fill when heating the power plant 1, the steel channels 22 or the operation of the power plant 1, the steam in the inner tubes 26th and / or the outer tubes 27 by means of water to cool: about 200 m to about 600 m. At a length of the steam generating device 30 of 2000 m, viewed from the steel ducts, for example at 600 m, 1200 m and / or 1700 m, an annular pipe may be provided around the steam generating plant 30 for introducing water into the outer pipes 27. At about 1000 m, an annular tube may be provided around the steam generating plant 30 for introducing water into the inner tubes 26. For shorter steam generating facilities than 2000 m, the arrangement and the distance between the annular tubes outside the steam generating plant 30 results accordingly.

In connection with these annular tubes outside the steam generating plant 30, the following should be noted.

From the aforementioned steel channels 22 lead pipes with a diameter of 0.50 m to the inner tubes 26, which transport the resulting steam in the steel ducts 22 in the inner tubes 26. Before they enter the inner tubes 26, it is advantageous if there is also a way to open and close them. The steam has a temperature of about 150 to 250 ° C when entering the inner tubes 26. He meets the pipes, which already have one

Temperature of 1000 ° C have. It is then continued in the direction of vault 31 and receives in about the middle of the steam generating plant 30 (at a length of 2000 m, this is about 1000 m), a temperature of 1000 ° C to 1200 ° C. The purpose of the long path the steam travels from the steel channels 22 to and through the steam generator 30 is to achieve the highest possible pressure and force with which the steam is transported from the outer tubes 27 towards the turbines 40, 41 becomes.

10 m after the highest point of the vault 31, water can be shot in under high pressure into the tubes which lead the steam to the outer tubes 27. For this purpose, the pipes through which this water is introduced, mounted in an inclined position so that the water is guided in the direction that also has the steam. This place where the

If water-bearing pipes hit the steam-carrying pipes, they must be additionally reinforced. This applies to all pipes that transport steam from the vault 31 to the outer pipes. 300 m after the vault, this process is repeated again. In addition, it is repeated again after another 500 m and then again after 600 m. At this last point of the water supply, the temperature of the steam should be brought down to at least 600 ° C.

This water, which increases the pressure under which the steam is passed through the outer tubes 27, on the one hand, but also serves for cooling in the last place, is with the aid of

Pipelines of 0.80 m diameter from the liquid container 10 passed through pumps to the plant. These pipes are protected by brick layers of approx. 0.80 m thickness. The water from the liquid container 10 has a temperature of 100 to 120 ° C and is supplied in an amount of 50 liters per second. By a connection to the groundwater, which may for example also be located at the point where the steam in the outer tubes 27 has to be brought down to a temperature of 600 ° C, water can be supplied. This groundwater is replaced by other pipes again by pumping to the places of Outer tubes 27 outlined above, including the connection points in the vault. All of these junctions, where water is routed into the outer tubes, can be opened and closed. In case of danger, the groundwater may also be used to immediately reduce the heat and pressure in the steam generator 30.

After the process of cooling described above, the steam is continued in the direction of the turbines. Upon exiting the steam generator 30, the steam has a temperature of 600 ° C. Per outer tube 27 300 liters of steam per second come to the turbine 40th

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 power plant

10 liquid containers

20 pipe system

21 liquid container drain pipe

21 a shut-off valve

22 steel channel

22a insulating layer

23 heating pipe

24 pipe distributor

25 heating pipe

26 inner tube

27 outer tube

28 condensation tube

29 U-shaped tube

29a pipe section

29b heating device

30 steam generating device

31 vaults

32 concrete layer

33a, 33b brick layer

34 tile layer

35 cavity

36 steel layer

37 combustion chamber

39 cavity heating tube

39a ventilation shaft

40 turbine

41 turbine

42 condensation tube

50 receptacles

60 fuel tanks

Claims

Power plant and method for generating electrical energy with steam Claims

1 . Power plant (1) for generating electrical energy with steam, with

a liquid container (10) for receiving a liquid from which steam is to be generated,

a pipe system (20) which is connected to the liquid container (10) such that it can be supplied with liquid from the liquid container (10), and a plurality of separate combustion chamber (37), each with a

predetermined distance from each other along the length of a

Steam generating means are arranged for heating the liquid from the liquid container (10) in the steam generating means to steam.

2. Power plant according to claim 1, wherein the pipe system (20) comprises a plurality of juxtaposed tubes (26, 27) which are arranged side by side so that they form a substantially hollow cylindrical body in cross-section.

3. Power plant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pipe system (20) a plurality of

comprises juxtaposed tubes (26, 27), each having two in the

Substantially rectilinear shaped and juxtaposed pipe sections (26, 27) which are interconnected by a bent portion.

4. Power plant according to claim 3, wherein the two rectilinear pipe sections (26, 27) of a pipe have different sized pipe diameters.

5. Power plant according to claim 4,

wherein the rectilinear pipe sections (27) of a pipe having a first pipe diameter are arranged side by side so as to form a first ring when viewed in cross section, wherein the other rectilinear pipe sections (26) of a pipe having a second pipe diameter smaller than the first pipe diameter are arranged side by side so as to form a second ring when viewed in cross section, and

wherein the first ring has a larger ring diameter than the second ring and is disposed around the first ring.

6. Power plant according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising at least one heating device for heating the pipe section of the two substantially rectilinear shaped and juxtaposed pipe sections (26) of a pipe of the pipe system (20), which has the smaller pipe diameter.

7. Power plant according to claim 6, wherein the at least one heating device on the

Inner wall of the pipe section of the rectilinear pipe section with smaller

Pipe diameter is firmly mounted and achieved a heat of about 850 ° C.

8. Power plant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pipe system (20) in a tile layer (34) is embedded, which has seen in cross section a hollow cylindrical body, the outside of at least one brick layer (33 a, 33 b) and a concrete layer thereon ( 32) is surrounded.

9. Power plant according to claim 8, further comprising pipes (29) for heating, which of the

Cavity (35) of the hollow cylindrical body are bent around the rectilinear pipe sections (26, 27) with different pipe diameters and again in the cavity (35) lead.

10. A method of generating electrical energy with steam, comprising the steps

Picking up a liquid from which steam is to be produced, in one

Liquid container (10),

Feeding the liquid from the liquid container (10) into a pipe system (20), and heating the liquid from the liquid container (10) in the pipe system (20) to steam by means of a plurality of separate combustion chambers (37), each at a predetermined distance from each other along the length of a

Steam generating device are arranged.