WO2011118711A1 - 電池パックおよび電池制御システム - Google Patents
電池パックおよび電池制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011118711A1 WO2011118711A1 PCT/JP2011/057189 JP2011057189W WO2011118711A1 WO 2011118711 A1 WO2011118711 A1 WO 2011118711A1 JP 2011057189 W JP2011057189 W JP 2011057189W WO 2011118711 A1 WO2011118711 A1 WO 2011118711A1
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- current value
- battery
- allowable current
- value
- battery module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an assembled battery that includes a plurality of secondary batteries, a battery pack that includes a battery management unit that manages the assembled battery, and a battery control system that manages and controls the battery pack.
- a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged is used as a battery that supplies the power. Since such a battery control system requires high power, a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series (hereinafter also referred to as “battery modules”), and a plurality of these battery modules are connected in parallel. An assembled battery is used.
- a battery pack composed of an assembled battery and a battery management unit composed of a CMU and a BMU that manages the assembled battery (hereinafter, this battery management unit is also referred to as BMS) is arranged at a predetermined location in the vehicle.
- the vehicle-side controller as the host system control unit communicates with the BMU to perform charge / discharge control of the assembled battery.
- Patent Document 1 As a technique related to a battery control system equipped with an assembled battery, there is Patent Document 1, and according to this Patent Document 1, a control circuit 4 (battery control unit 10 and vehicle control) which is a host system mounted on a hybrid vehicle. It is disclosed that the current in charging / discharging of the assembled battery is monitored by the unit 11). When an abnormality is detected in any one of the battery modules constituting the assembled battery, the control circuit 4 controls the cutting of the battery module in which the abnormality is detected, so that the entire assembled battery is used. It avoids being disabled.
- the assembled battery side only transmits a signal indicating that an abnormality has occurred in the battery module to the control circuit on the vehicle side, and the control circuit on the vehicle side that receives the signal disconnects the disconnection. If not, current exceeding the allowable current of the secondary battery constituting the assembled battery will flow continuously, accelerating deterioration of the secondary battery or causing an important failure.
- the current flowing through each battery module is simple due to variations in the internal resistance of the secondary battery in each battery module, differences in the wiring length connecting the modules, and differences in contact resistance at the terminal connection points.
- the required current from the control circuit is not evenly distributed to each battery module.
- the allowable current is set in any battery module. Excessive current may flow.
- an abnormality occurs in the battery module in which the current flows exceeding the allowable current.
- the control circuit disconnects the battery module in order to avoid the occurrence of an abnormality, the output current from the assembled battery is reduced.
- the present invention provides a battery pack capable of avoiding a situation in which the current value flowing through each battery module does not exceed an allowable current value without causing any abnormality in each battery module constituting the assembled battery, and management control of the battery pack
- An object of the present invention is to provide a battery control system.
- a battery pack includes an assembled battery in which a plurality of battery modules including a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series are connected in parallel to output current; A battery management unit that calculates an allowable current value of the current.
- the battery management unit includes: a first allowable current value calculation unit that calculates a first allowable current value of each of the plurality of battery modules; and the first allowable current value of one battery module among the plurality of battery modules.
- a second allowable current value calculation unit for calculating a second allowable current value of another battery module as a reference; and each of the second allowable current values is equal to or less than the first allowable current value of the battery module
- a calculation unit that sets a value corresponding to the sum of the first allowable current value and the second current value as the reference as the allowable current value; and corresponding to the sum calculated by the calculation unit
- An allowable power value notification unit for notifying a value to be transmitted to the outside.
- a battery control system includes: a power load; a plurality of battery modules including a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series; An assembled battery that outputs current to the first battery; a first allowable current value calculation unit that calculates a first allowable current value of each of the plurality of battery modules; and A second allowable current value calculation unit for calculating a second allowable current value of another battery module with reference to the first allowable current value; and the first allowable current value of the battery module to which each of the second allowable current values corresponds.
- a calculation unit that sets a value corresponding to the sum of the first allowable current value and the second current value as the reference as an allowable current value; Receiving Having; and the allowable current value higher system control unit that controls to operate below the load.
- the present invention it is possible to prevent the current exceeding the allowable current from flowing to the plurality of battery modules constituting the assembled battery. Thereby, it can prevent that the output of an assembled battery falls and the lifetime of the secondary battery which comprises a battery module deteriorates.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the battery control system according to the embodiment.
- the battery control system 100 is, for example, an electric vehicle, and performs control for supplying a necessary current from the assembled battery 50 to the power load 9 mounted on the battery control system 100.
- an electric vehicle is described as an example of a battery control system, but it may be an industrial vehicle such as a forklift, a mobile body such as a hybrid electric vehicle, a train, a ship, or an airplane. Further, it may be a stationary battery control system such as a household power supply that supplies power to an electric device as a power load.
- the battery control system 100 of the present invention can be used as another battery control system that drives the power load with electric power.
- the power load 9 is, for example, an electric motor connected to wheels.
- an electric motor connected to a propeller for example, an electric motor connected to a propeller.
- the battery control system 100 includes a battery pack including a battery pack 50 and a BMS (Battery Management System) 1.
- the BMS 1 corresponds to a battery management unit of the present invention, and includes a CMU (Cell Monitor Unit) 10a to 10c (hereinafter collectively referred to as CMU 10) and a BMU (Battery Management Unit) 20, and the secondary battery 2 is Monitor and control.
- the assembled battery 50 includes a battery module 30a configured to include secondary batteries 2a and 2b connected in series, a battery module 30b configured to include secondary batteries 2c and 2d connected in series, and connected in series. 30c including the secondary batteries 2e and 2f thus formed is connected in parallel.
- the battery modules 30a, 30 and 30c are collectively referred to as the battery module 30.
- the secondary batteries 2a to 2f are collectively referred to as the secondary battery 2.
- FIG. 1 a configuration with a combination of numerals and letters a to f is collectively referred to and may be described using only numerals.
- the battery control system 100 consumes the power output from the assembled battery 50 or controls the charge / discharge of the assembled battery 50 by communicating with the power load 9 that charges the assembled battery 50 and the BMU 20.
- Unit 200 and a display unit 300 that displays some of the information calculated by the host system control unit 200.
- each battery module 30 constituting the assembled battery 50 includes two secondary batteries 2 connected in series, an ammeter 3 that measures a current flowing through the battery module 30, and each secondary battery 2. It is configured to include two voltmeters 4 that measure the voltage values of the positive terminal and the negative terminal, and two thermometers 5 that measure the temperature of the casing of each secondary battery 2.
- Each CMU 10a to 10c in the BMS 1 has a one-to-one correspondence with each of a plurality of battery modules 30a to 30c including a plurality of secondary batteries 2 connected in series. Note that the CMU 10 is not limited to the one-to-one correspondence for each battery module 30. For example, the CMU 10 may correspond to the secondary battery 2 one-to-one.
- the CMU 10a acquires the value of the current flowing through the battery module 30a from the ammeter 3a connected via the signal line. Further, the voltage and temperature of the secondary battery 2a in the battery module 30a are acquired from the voltmeter 4a and the thermometer 5a connected via the signal lines, respectively. Furthermore, the voltage and temperature of the secondary battery 2b in the battery module 30a are acquired from the voltmeter 4b and the thermometer 5b connected via signal lines, respectively.
- the CMU 10b acquires the value of the current flowing through the battery module 30b from the ammeter 3b connected via the signal line. Moreover, the voltage and temperature of the secondary battery 2c in the battery module 30b are acquired from the voltmeter 4c and the thermometer 5c connected via signal lines, respectively. Further, the voltage and temperature of the secondary battery 2d in the battery module 30b are obtained from the voltmeter 4d and the thermometer 5d connected via the signal lines, respectively.
- the CMU 10c acquires the value of the current flowing through the battery module 30c from the ammeter 3c connected via the signal line. Moreover, the voltage and temperature of the secondary battery 2e in the battery module 30c are acquired from the voltmeter 4e and the thermometer 5e connected via the signal lines, respectively. Further, the voltage and temperature of the secondary battery 2f in the battery module 30c are acquired from the voltmeter 4f and the thermometer 5f connected via the signal lines, respectively.
- the ammeters 3a to 3c are collectively referred to as an ammeter 3, the voltmeters 4a to 4f are collectively referred to as a voltmeter 4, and the thermometers 5a to 5f are collectively referred to as a thermometer 5.
- the CMU 10 and the ammeter 3 correspond to the current value acquisition unit of the present invention, and the CMU 10 and the thermometer 5 correspond to the temperature value acquisition unit of the present invention.
- the BMU 20 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the CMUs 10a to 10c.
- the BMU 20 determines the current flowing through each battery module 30 based on the current value, temperature value acquired from each of the CMUs 10a to 10c, the allowable current value calculated by the BMU 20 (details will be described later), and the like. Perform processing to limit the range. More specifically, the BMU 20 is electrically connected to the host system control unit 200 that controls the electric vehicle, and notifies the host system control unit 200 of information related to the allowable current value allowed as the assembled battery.
- the host system control unit 200 is a processing unit that controls the power load 9 mounted on the electric vehicle. More specifically, the host system control unit 200 controls the current value that the power load 9 requests from the assembled battery 50 based on the notification of the allowable current value from the BMU 20. As a result, in the assembled battery 50 that discharges or charges from the power load 9, the current values flowing through the battery modules 30a to 30c are within the allowable range. In this way, the battery control system 100 performs a process of limiting the current flowing through each battery module 30 and the power input / output in each battery module 30.
- the electric power load 9 is an electric motor mounted on an electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle is driven by transmitting power generated by the motor to driving wheels.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a connection example between the CMU 10 and a parameter measuring device such as an ammeter, a voltmeter, and a thermometer.
- the CMU 10 includes an ADC (Analog Digital Converter) (not shown) inside, and the current value of the battery module 30, the voltage value of each secondary battery 2, Converts analog signals of parameter values such as temperature into digital signals.
- the CMU 10 also includes a parameter value acquisition unit 121.
- the parameter value acquisition unit 121 converts a parameter value (current value, voltage value, temperature value) from the battery module 30 into a digital signal, and converts each of these parameter values. To get.
- the parameter value acquisition unit 121 of the CMU 10 includes a voltmeter (V) 4 (between the positive terminal 230 and the negative terminal 220 of each secondary battery 2 ( The voltage value of the secondary battery 2 is acquired from the voltmeter (V) 4 via the parameter value measuring device.
- the thermometer (T) 5 is connected to the thermometer (T) 5 (parameter value measuring device) attached to the casing 200 of the secondary battery 2. Data indicating the measured temperature value of each secondary battery 2 is acquired.
- the parameter value acquisition unit 121 of the CMU 10 transmits the current value via the ammeter (I) 3 connected in series to each secondary battery 2 of the battery module 30.
- the current value of each secondary battery 2 is acquired from the ammeter (I) 3.
- the CMU10 transmits each parameter value acquired from the secondary battery 2 to BMU20 via a signal line.
- the BMU 20 is connected to the three CMUs 10 via signal lines.
- This BMU 20 has a function of managing each secondary battery 2 connected via the CMU.
- the BMU 20 manages whether or not the voltage value of the secondary battery 2 is normal, and between each connected secondary battery 2. Voltage adjustment (cell balance) is performed, and the SOC (charge rate) of each secondary battery 2 is calculated based on various information of each secondary battery 2 transmitted from the CMU 10.
- the BMU 20 corresponds to the charging rate calculation unit of the present invention.
- a storage means such as a memory (not shown) of the BMU 20 stores an allowable current value reference table 6 shown in FIG.
- the output allowable current at the time of discharging is shown, but the input allowable current used at the time of charging can be used similarly.
- the BMU 20 corresponds to the allowable current value reference table holding unit of the present invention.
- This allowable current value reference table 6 is based on the temperature of the secondary battery 2 (also referred to as a cell temperature) and the SOC (a value indicating the charging rate of the secondary battery 2). It is a table for calculating A). Each allowable current value in the allowable current value reference table 6 is obtained in advance by experiments or the like. Note that the allowable current value shown in FIG. 3 is an example, and various values can be entered depending on actual experiments and conditions. The temperature on the vertical axis is also an example, and a table may be created in increments of 5 ° C., or may be set as appropriate according to other usage ranges.
- And BMU20 calculates a 1st allowable electric current value based on the cell temperature in each secondary battery 2 which comprises an assembled battery, and the value of SOC in the secondary battery 2 so that it may mention later.
- various known methods can be applied to calculate the SOC.
- the SOC may be calculated based on the integrated value of the current detected by the ammeter 3 or calculated based on the voltage value of the secondary battery 2. May be.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing functional blocks of the CMU and BMU.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a processing flow of the battery control system.
- the processing flow of the battery control system 100 will be described in order with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5.
- the parameter value acquisition unit 121 of the CMUs 10a to 10c of the BMS 1 acquires the current value flowing through each battery module 30 from each of the ammeters 3a to 3c (step S101).
- the current value of the current flowing through the battery module 30a is Ia
- the current value of the current flowing through the battery module 30b is Ib
- the current value of the current flowing through the battery module 30c is Ic.
- the parameter value acquisition unit 121 of the CMU 10 outputs the acquired current values Ia to Ic to the BMU 20.
- the parameter value acquisition unit 121 of the CMUs 10a to 10c acquires the cell temperature from the thermometer 5 provided for each secondary battery 2 and outputs these values to the BMU 20, while the BMU 20
- the SOC is calculated for each secondary battery 2 by the above method (step S102).
- the CMU 10a acquires, for example, a temperature value from the thermometer 5a provided in the secondary battery 2a for the cell temperature related to the battery module 30a, and uses the acquired temperature value as the cell temperature related to the battery module 30a to the BMU 20 Output.
- BMU20 calculates the said SOC from the integrated value of the electric current regarding the secondary battery 2a which acquired the temperature value about SOC regarding the battery module 30a, for example. The same applies to the secondary battery 2b.
- the CMU 10b acquires, for example, a temperature value from the thermometer 5c provided in the secondary battery 2c for the cell temperature related to the battery module 30b, and outputs the acquired temperature value to the BMU 20 as the cell temperature related to the battery module 30b.
- BMU20 calculates the said SOC from the integrated value of the electric current regarding the secondary battery 2c which acquired the temperature value about SOC regarding the battery module 30b, for example. The same applies to the secondary battery 2d.
- the CMU 10c acquires a temperature value for the cell temperature related to the battery module 30c, for example, from a thermometer 5e provided in the secondary battery 2e, and outputs the acquired temperature value to the BMU 20 as a cell temperature related to the battery module 30c.
- BMU20 calculates the said SOC from the integrated value of the electric current regarding the secondary battery 2e which acquired the temperature value about SOC regarding the battery module 30c, for example. The same applies to the secondary battery 2f.
- the cell temperature and the SOC often have different values for each secondary battery 2, but in this embodiment, for simplification of the description, the cells in each secondary battery 2 arranged in a certain battery module 30.
- An example in which the cell temperature and the SOC are calculated by selecting any one secondary battery 2 in the battery module 30 on the assumption that the temperature and the SOC are substantially the same will be described.
- An example of calculating the cell temperature and SOC in the battery module 30 using another method will be described later.
- first allowable current value calculation unit 211 of the BMU 20 obtains the cell temperature and the SOC corresponding to each battery module 30, the first allowable current value calculation unit 211 in the battery module 30 based on the allowable current value reference table 6 illustrated in FIG.
- One allowable current value (first allowable current values in the battery modules 30a to 30c are defined as Ita, Itb, and Itc, respectively) is calculated (step S103).
- Each first allowable current value calculated for each battery module indicates an upper limit value of a current that can flow in each corresponding battery module.
- the upper limit value is set in a range in which each battery module can perform a normal operation.
- the cell temperature in the battery module 30a acquired in step S102 is 20 ° C. and the calculated SOC is 30%
- the first allowable current in the battery module 30a is determined from the allowable current value reference table 6.
- the value is calculated as 15A or the like.
- the second allowable current value calculation unit 221 of the BMU 20 After calculating the first allowable current value corresponding to each battery module 30, the second allowable current value calculation unit 221 of the BMU 20 then sets the battery module that has become the reference to each of the battery modules 30a to 30c. A current value in each of the other battery modules 30 when a current of one allowable current value flows (this current value is set as a second allowable current value) is calculated (step S104).
- the second allowable current values in the battery modules 30b and 30c with the battery module 30a as a reference are defined as Ipab and Ipac, respectively.
- the second allowable current values in the battery modules 30a and 30c when the battery module 30b is used as a reference are defined as Ipba and Ipbc, respectively, and the second allowable current in the battery modules 30a and 30b when the battery module 30c is used as a reference.
- the values are defined as Ipca and Ipcb, respectively.
- the first permissible current value in each battery module 30 is calculated from the permissible current value reference table 6 in step S ⁇ b> 103, but this value indicates the impedance variation between the battery modules 30. It is not a consideration. That is, each battery module 30 has its own impedance due to the difference in wiring length and contact resistance between the battery management unit and each battery module 30, and this impedance is generally not the same. The point is not taken into consideration. Therefore, if the total of the first allowable current values of the battery modules 30 is set as the allowable current value of the current output from the entire assembled battery (that is, the output current of the battery pack), in reality, due to the impedance variation described above.
- step S104 the allowable current value is calculated again using the first allowable current value of each battery module 30 as a reference so that any battery module 30 does not exceed the allowable current value.
- the second allowable current values Ipab and Ipac when the battery module 30a is used as a reference are the following values.
- Ipab Ib ⁇ Ita / Ia
- Ipac Ic ⁇ Ita / Ia
- Ipba Ia ⁇ Itb / Ib
- Ipbc Ic ⁇ Itb / Ib
- Ipcb Ib ⁇ Itc / Ic
- Ipcb Itc It becomes.
- the determination unit 231 of the BMU 20 uses the first allowable current value of the corresponding battery module 30 calculated in step S ⁇ b> 103 as the second allowable current value of the other battery module 30 calculated based on a certain battery module 30. It is determined for each battery module 30 whether or not it exceeds it, and it is determined whether there is one or a plurality of combinations of the second allowable current values of the battery modules satisfying this determination (step S105). Specifically, for example, when the battery module 30a is used as a reference, the BMU 20 determines whether or not the following relationship is satisfied. Iab ⁇ Itb and Ipac ⁇ Itc
- this relationship indicates that when a current corresponding to the rate of increase in current in the battery module 30a flows to the other battery module 30b and the battery module 30c, the battery module 30b and the battery module 30c exceed the first allowable current value. It is judged whether or not In this case, the combination of the second allowable current values (referred to as case 1) is Ita, Ipad, Ipac in the order of the battery module 30a, the battery module 30b, and the battery module 30c. Since the first allowable current value of the battery module 30a is used as a reference, the second allowable current value of the battery module 30a is the same value as the first allowable current value.
- the determination formula based on the first allowable current value of the battery module 30b is as follows: Ipba ⁇ Ita and Ipbc ⁇ Itc It becomes.
- the combination (referred to as case 2) is Ipba, Itb, Ipbc in the order of the battery module 30a, the battery module 30b, and the battery module 30c.
- the determination formula based on the first allowable current value of the battery module 30c is as follows: Ipca ⁇ Ita and Ipcb ⁇ Itb It becomes.
- the combination (referred to as case 3) is Ipca, Ipcb, Itc in the order of the battery module 30a, the battery module 30b, and the battery module 30c.
- step S105 it is determined that at least one combination satisfying the above relationship is present in cases 1 to 3, but at least one combination satisfying the above relationship is necessarily present.
- Existence can be mathematically proved, and therefore the determination unit 231 of the BMU 20 determines that at least one combination satisfies the above relationship.
- step S105 When it is determined in step S105 that there is one combination satisfying the above relationship, the calculation unit 241 of the BMU 20 determines the allowable current value (Imax) of the current output from the entire assembled battery in the combination, that is, the battery pack. ) Is calculated (step S106). Specifically, each combination of second allowable current values satisfying the above relationship is added to obtain an allowable current value (Imax). For example, if the combination based on the first allowable current value of the battery module 30a satisfies the above relationship in step S105, the allowable current value Imax of the entire assembled battery is expressed by the following expression.
- the allowable current value Imax of the entire assembled battery is expressed by the following equation.
- the allowable current value Imax of the entire assembled battery is expressed by the following equation.
- step S105 if the combination based on the first allowable current value of the battery module 30a satisfies the above relationship, the allowable current value notification unit 251 of the BMU 20 sets the allowable current value Imax of the entire assembled battery as a value.
- the allowable current value Imax in the combination is notified to the host system control unit 200 on the vehicle side (step S108).
- the determination unit 231 of the BMU 20 causes the calculation unit 241 to calculate the allowable current value (Imax) for each combination, and the value is Select the largest combination. Subsequently, the calculation unit 241 outputs the allowable current value Imax of the combination selected by the determination unit 231 to the allowable current value notification unit (step S107).
- the BMU 20 compares the respective Imax values, and sets the larger value as the allowable current value Imax of the entire assembled battery to the host system control unit 200. Notice. In this case, if the compared values of Imax are the same value, the value is notified to the outside (in this embodiment, the host system control unit 200 of the electric vehicle) as the allowable current value Imax of the entire assembled battery.
- the value of Imax in the battery module 30b and the battery module 30c is compared. However, depending on the number of battery modules 30 connected in parallel, there may be three or more.
- the determination unit 231 of the BMU 20 also determines that the largest value is the allowable current value Imax of the entire assembled battery.
- the allowable current value notification unit 251 of the BMU 20 notifies the allowable current value Imax calculated in step S106 or step S107 to the host system control unit 200 on the vehicle side (step S108).
- the BMU 20 repeats the processing from step S101 to step S108 every predetermined period.
- the predetermined period may be, for example, every second or every few minutes, and the interval of the predetermined period may be shortened as the change rate of the requested current from the power load 9 increases.
- the host system control unit 200 mounted on the vehicle side limits the current value that the power load 9 requests from the assembled battery 50 with the allowable current value as an upper limit. Further, the host system control unit 200 controls the display unit 300 to display a message that prompts the driver to call attention. Various messages can be applied as the message.For example, it is displayed that the current supplied as power is close to the allowable current value, and the driver's intended acceleration cannot be obtained. The remaining amount (for example, 20% remaining) may be displayed.
- the battery control system of the present embodiment it is possible to prevent a current exceeding the allowable current from flowing to a plurality of battery modules constituting the assembled battery, thereby reducing the output of the assembled battery. It is possible to prevent the life of the secondary battery constituting the battery module from being deteriorated.
- the cell temperature and the SOC are treated as almost the same in the battery module 30, but the cell temperatures and the SOCs of a plurality of secondary batteries 2 constituting a certain battery module 30 are compared.
- the cell temperature and the SOC for the battery module 30 may be calculated.
- the modified example will be described below.
- the BMU 20 acquires the cell temperatures Ta and Tb from the secondary batteries 2a and 2b in step S102, and calculates the SOCa and SOCb in the secondary batteries 2a and 2b by the above-described known method.
- the CMU 10a acquires each cell temperature from the thermometer 5a for the cell temperature of the secondary battery 2a constituting the battery module 30a, and from the thermometer 5b for the cell temperature of the secondary battery 2b, The acquired temperature value is output to the BMU 20.
- the CMU 10b and the CMU 10c also perform the same processing as the CMU 10a, acquire the cell temperature of the secondary battery 2 connected to each, and output it to the BMU 20.
- step S103 the BMU 20 acquires the allowable current values of the secondary batteries 2a and 2b from the allowable current value table 6 for the battery module 30a. Then, the BMU 20 determines the smaller one of the acquired two allowable current values as the first allowable current value in the battery module 30a. If the larger value is set as the first allowable current value, a current exceeding the allowable current value flows through one of the secondary batteries 2a and 2b constituting the battery module 30a.
- the BMU 20 detects the cell temperature and calculates the SOC for each of the secondary batteries 2c to 2f in the same manner as described above for the battery module 30b and the battery module 30c, and calculates the first allowable current value for each battery module 30. To decide. As described above, according to the first modification, the cell temperature and the SOC are calculated for each secondary battery 2 constituting the battery module 30, and the allowable current values of the secondary batteries 2 are compared to obtain the first allowable current value. Has been decided.
- the first allowable current value obtained for each battery module does not exceed the allowable current value of any secondary battery constituting the battery module, and the first allowable current value in each battery module 30 is calculated more accurately. can do.
- the host system control unit 200 that has received the notification of the allowable current value from the BMU 20 has described the example of limiting the required current requested by the power load 9 with the allowable current value, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the battery control system is a hybrid vehicle equipped with an engine instead of an electric vehicle
- the difference between the required current of the power load 9 and the allowable current value, that is, the shortage of the current is substantially determined by the power from the engine. You may control so that it may supplement.
- Modification 2 will be described.
- the host system control unit 200 mounted on the hybrid vehicle After receiving the notification of the allowable current value from the BMU 20, the host system control unit 200 mounted on the hybrid vehicle holds the allowable current value in a storage unit such as a memory (not shown). On the other hand, the host system control unit 200 monitors the value of the requested current from the power load 9 and monitors from time to time whether the requested current exceeds the allowable current value Imax notified from the BMU 20.
- the host system control unit 200 sets the required power of the engine related to the difference. calculate. Subsequently, the host system control unit 200 generates a control signal to drive the engine based on the calculated necessary power related to the difference so as to obtain power corresponding to the shortage current (the difference described above) from the engine. .
- the engine can compensate that the power of the hybrid vehicle is insufficient due to the allowable current value Imax notified from the BMU 20, and further, the output of the assembled battery can be reduced. It can prevent that the lifetime of the secondary battery which comprises a battery module deteriorates.
- the secondary batteries 2 constituting the battery module 30 may have substantially the same cell temperature and SOC, or the cell temperature and the SOC are obtained for each secondary battery 2 to obtain the first allowable current value.
- An allowable current value may be determined. For example, it is assumed that the first allowable current values in the battery modules 30a to 30c are 15A, 14A, and 16A, respectively.
- the BMU 20 uses the first allowable current value of each battery module 30 as a reference, and the current value (second allowable current value) in the other battery module 30 when the first allowable current flows through the battery module serving as the reference. ) Is calculated.
- the second allowable current value in the case based on each battery module 30 is as follows.
- the BMU 20 determines the first allowable current value corresponding to each second allowable current value in all the battery modules 30 for each case. Determine if there are one or more cases that do not exceed. In case 2, the second allowable current value of the battery module 30a exceeds the corresponding first allowable current value. In case 3, the second allowable current values of the battery module 30a and the battery module 30b correspond to the first allowable current values. Since one allowable current value is exceeded, it is determined that only the case 1 corresponds to an allowable combination.
- the host system control unit 200 that has received the notification of the allowable current value Imax from the BMU 20 performs control to limit the required current of the power load 9 with the allowable current value Imax (30 A) as an upper limit. That is, when a current value exceeding the allowable current value Imax is requested from the power load 9, the higher system control unit 200 operates the power load 9 with the allowable current value Imax.
- the CMU 10 and the BMU 20 in the battery control system 100 described above have a computer system therein.
- the process described above is stored in a computer-readable recording medium in the form of a program, and the above process is performed by the computer reading and executing this program.
- the CMU 10 may be provided with a part of the processing function of the BMU 20 (for example, current value measurement), or the BMU 20 may be provided with a part of the processing function of the CMU 10.
- a battery pack capable of avoiding a situation where the current value flowing through each battery module exceeds the allowable current value without causing any abnormality in each battery module constituting the assembled battery, and a battery control system for managing and controlling the battery pack can do.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2010年3月26日に、日本に出願された特願2010-072196号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
そして組電池を構成する各電池モジュールのうちいずれかの電池モジュールに異常が検知された場合、制御回路4は、異常が検知された電池モジュールを切断する制御を行うことにより、組電池全体が使用不可となることを回避している。
すなわち、特許文献1によれば、電池モジュールに異常が検知された後に当該電池モジュールの接続を切断しており、少なからず組電池全体としての出力が低下してしまうことは避けられない。なお、特に電気自動車やハイブリッド車などの車両にあっては、如何に少ないといっても運転状況(例えば、高速道路や登坂車線を走行中の場合)によっては突然の出力低下は出来るだけ避けねばならないことは言うまでもない。
そして、許容電流を超える電流が電池モジュールに流れた場合、許容電流を超えて電流が流れた電池モジュールでは異常が発生してしまう。一方、異常発生を回避するために制御回路がこの電池モジュールの接続を切断すれば組電池からの出力電流が低下してしまう。
図1は同実施形態による電池制御システムの構成を示すブロック図である。
電池制御システム100は、例えば電気自動車であり、電池制御システム100に搭載された電力負荷9に対して組電池50から必要な電流を供給する制御を行う。なお、以下の説明においては電池制御システムとして電気自動車を例に説明するが、例えばフォークリフトなどの産業車両、ハイブリッド電気自動車、電車、船、飛行機などの移動体であってもよい。また、電力負荷としての電気機器に電力を供給する家庭用電源など、定置用の電池制御システムであってもよい。すなわち、電力負荷を電力で駆動する他の電池制御システムとして本発明の電池制御システム100を用いることが可能である。電力負荷9は、産業車両、ハイブリッド電気自動車、電車などの移動体の場合には、例えば、車輪に接続された電気モータである。一方、船、飛行機などの移動体の場合には、例えば、プロペラに接続された電気モータである。
組電池50は、直列に接続された二次電池2a,2bを含んで構成される電池モジュール30a、直列に接続された二次電池2c,2dを含んで構成される電池モジュール30b、直列に接続された二次電池2e,2fを含んで構成される30cが並列に接続された構成を取る。
以下の説明では、電池モジュール30a、30及び30cを総称して電池モジュール30とする。また、二次電池2a~2fを総称して二次電池2とする。同様に、図1において数字とa~fの文字とを組み合わせた符号が付された構成を総称して、数字のみの符合により説明する場合がある。
そして、BMS1内の各CMU10a~10cは、複数の直列に接続された二次電池2を含んで構成される複数の電池モジュール30a~30cそれぞれに1対1に対応している。なお、CMU10は、電池モジュール30毎に1対1に対応している例に限られず、例えばCMU10が二次電池2と1対1に対応していてもよい。
なお、電流計3a~3cを総称して電流計3、電圧計4a~4fを総称して電圧計4、温度計5a~5fを総称して温度計5とする。なお、CMU10および電流計3が本発明の電流値取得部に相当しており、CMU10および温度計5が本発明の温度値取得部に相当する。
より具体的には、BMU20は、電気自動車を制御する上位システム制御部200と電気的に接続されており、上位システム制御部200へ組電池として許容される許容電流値に関する情報を通知する。
これにより、電力負荷9に対する放電や、電力負荷9からの充電を行う組電池50において、各電池モジュール30a~30cを流れる電流値が許容範囲に収まる。このようにして電池制御システム100は、各電池モジュール30を流れる電流や、各電池モジュール30において入出力する電力を制限する処理を行う。
なお電力負荷9は本実施形態では電気自動車に搭載される電動モータであり、このモータで発生する動力が駆動輪へ伝達されることにより電気自動車が駆動される。
図2において、CMU10は、その内部に図示しないADC(Analog Digital Converter)を備えており、このADCを介して電池モジュール30の電流値、各二次電池2の電圧値、各二次電池2の温度などのパラメータ値のアナログ信号をデジタル信号に変換する。
また、CMU10はパラメータ値取得部121を備えており、このパラメータ値取得部121は電池モジュール30からのパラメータ値(電流値、電圧値、温度値)をデジタル信号に変換してこれらの各パラメータ値を取得する。
また、CMU10の取得するパラメータ値が温度である場合、二次電池2の筐体200に取り付けられた温度計(T)5(パラメータ値計測装置)を介して、当該温度計(T)5によって計測された各二次電池2の温度値を示すデータを取得する。
また、CMU10の取得するパラメータ値が電流値である場合、CMU10のパラメータ値取得部121は、電池モジュール30の各二次電池2に直列に接続された電流計(I)3を介して、当該電流計(I)3から各二次電池2の電流値を取得する。
BMU20は、本実施の形態においては3つのCMU10と信号線を介して接続されている。このBMU20はCMUを介して接続された各二次電池2を管理する機能を備え、例えば二次電池2の電圧値が正常か否かを管理し、接続された各二次電池2間での電圧調整(セルバランス)を行い、CMU10から送信された各二次電池2の各種情報に基づいて各二次電池2のSOC(充電率)を算出する。なおBMU20が、本発明の充電率算出部に相当する。
なお、図3に示す許容電流値は一例であり、実際の実験や条件により種々の値が入り得る。また、縦軸の温度に関しても一例であり、5℃刻みでテーブルを作成してもよいし、他の使用範囲に応じて適宜設定してもよい。
図3はCMUおよびBMUの機能ブロックを示す図である。
図5は電池制御システムの処理フローを示す図である。
次に、図3および図5を用いて電池制御システム100の処理フローについて順を追って説明する。
まず、BMS1のCMU10a~10cのパラメータ値取得部121は、電流計3a~3cのそれぞれから、各電池モジュール30を流れる電流値を取得する(ステップS101)。なお、電池モジュール30aに流れる電流の電流値をIa、電池モジュール30bに流れる電流の電流値をIb、電池モジュール30cに流れる電流の電流値をIcとする。
CMU10のパラメータ値取得部121は、取得した電流値Ia~IcをBMU20へ出力する。
具体的には、CMU10aは、電池モジュール30aに関するセル温度について、例えば二次電池2aに設けられた温度計5aから温度値を取得し、この取得した温度値を電池モジュール30aに関するセル温度としてBMU20へ出力する。また、BMU20は、電池モジュール30aに関するSOCについて、例えば温度値を取得した二次電池2aに関する電流の積算値から当該SOCを演算する。なお、二次電池2bについても同様である。
なお、他の手法を用いて電池モジュール30内のセル温度およびSOCを算出する例については後述する。
ここでは、上記ステップS102で取得された電池モジュール30aにおけるセル温度が20℃であり、算出されたSOCが30%である場合には、許容電流値参照テーブル6より電池モジュール30aにおける第一許容電流値は15Aなどと算出される。
そして、この第二許容電流値につき、例えば電池モジュール30aを基準とした場合の電池モジュール30bおよび30cにおける第二許容電流値をそれぞれIpab、Ipacと定義する。また、電池モジュール30bを基準とした場合の電池モジュール30aおよび30cにおける第二許容電流値をそれぞれIpba、Ipbcと定義し、電池モジュール30cを基準とした場合の電池モジュール30aおよび30bにおける第二許容電流値をそれぞれIpca、Ipcbと定義する。
従って、各電池モジュール30のそれぞれの第一許容電流値の合計を組電池全体から出力される電流(すなわち、電池パックの出力電流)の許容電流値としてしまうと、実際には上述したインピーダンスバラツキにより許容電流値を超えてしまう電池モジュール30が出てきてしまう(後述の実施例にて具体的に例示)。
そこで、本実施形態では、ステップS104として、いずれの電池モジュール30も許容電流値を超えないように各電池モジュール30の第一許容電流値をそれぞれ基準として許容電流値を改めて算出している。
Ipab=Ib×Ita/Ia、Ipac=Ic×Ita/Ia
(ちなみに、電池モジュール30aの第二許容電流値Ipaaは、Ipaa=Ia×Ita/Ia となり、電池モジュール30aの第一許容電流値Itaと同じ値となる)
また、同様に、電池モジュール30bを基準とした場合と電池モジュール30cを基準とした場合の第二許容電流値はそれぞれ、
Ipba=Ia×Itb/Ib、Ipbc=Ic×Itb/Ib、Ipbb=Itb
Ipca=Ia×Itc/Ic、Ipcb=Ib×Itc/Ic、Ipcb=Itc
となる。
具体的には、例えば電池モジュール30aを基準とした場合、BMU20は下記の関係が満たされるか否かを判定することとなる。
Ipab≦Itb、且つ、Ipac≦Itc
Ipba≦Ita、且つ、Ipbc≦Itc
となる。この際の上記組合わせ(ケース2という)は、電池モジュール30a、電池モジュール30b、電池モジュール30cの順に、Ipba、Itb、Ipbc、となる。
電池モジュール30cの第一許容電流値を基準とした場合の判定式は、
Ipca≦Ita、且つ、Ipcb≦Itb
となる。この際の上記組合わせ(ケース3という)は、電池モジュール30a、電池モジュール30b、電池モジュール30cの順に、Ipca、Ipcb、Itc、となる。
なお、ステップS105においては、上記の関係を満たす組合わせが、ケース1乃至ケース3の中で必ず1組以上存在するとして判定を行っているが、上記の関係を満たす組合わせが必ず1つ以上存在することは数学的に証明可能であり、従ってBMU20の判定部231は少なくとも1つの組合わせが上記の関係を満たすと判定することになる。
例えば、ステップS105で電池モジュール30aの第一許容電流値を基準とした組合わせが上記の関係を満たすとすれば、組電池全体の許容電流値Imaxは、以下の式で表される。
続いて算出部241は、判定部231が選択した組合わせの許容電流値Imaxを許容電流値通知部へ出力する(ステップS107)。
なおBMU20は、ステップS101乃至ステップS108までの処理を所定の期間毎に繰り返す。ここで、所定期間としては例えば1秒毎でも数分毎でもよく、さらには電力負荷9からの要求電流の変化率が大きいほど上述した所定期間の間隔を短くしてもよい。
さらに上位システム制御部200は、表示部300を制御して運転者へ注意喚起を促すメッセージを表示させる。メッセージとしては種々の内容が適用できるが、例えば現在において動力として供給される電流が上記許容電流値に近く、運転者の意図した加速が得られない旨を表示したり、上記許容電流値からの残分(例えば残20%など)を表示してもよい。
なお、上述した実施の形態では、セル温度とSOCは電池モジュール30内ではほぼ同じものとして扱ったが、ある電池モジュール30を構成する複数の二次電池2それぞれのセル温度とSOCを比較して電池モジュール30についてのセル温度とSOCを算出してもよい。以下にその変形例について説明する。
また、CMU10bおよびCMU10cも、CMU10aと同様な処理を行い、それぞれに接続された二次電池2のセル温度を取得してBMU20へ出力する。
仮に大きい方の値を第一許容電流値としてしまうと、電池モジュール30aを構成する二次電池2a、2bのうちの1つは許容電流値を超える電流が流れることになってしまうからである。
このように本変形例1によれば、電池モジュール30を構成する二次電池2毎にセル温度とSOCを算出し、二次電池2それぞれの許容電流値を比較して第一許容電流値を決定している。
上述した実施の形態においては、BMU20から許容電流値の通知を受けた上位システム制御部200は、電力負荷9が要求する要求電流を許容電流値で制限する例について説明したが、これに限らない。
例えば、電池制御システムが電気自動車でなくエンジンも搭載したハイブリッド車両である場合には、電力負荷9の要求電流と許容電流値との差分、すなわち電流の不足分をエンジンからの動力で実質的に補うように制御してもよい。以下、本変形例2について説明する。
続いて、上位システム制御部200は、算出した上記差分に関する必要動力に基づいて、不足した電流(上記した差分)分に相当する動力をエンジンから得るように制御信号を生成してエンジンを駆動させる。
次に本発明を具体的に適用した実施例を示す。
例えば、電池制御システムを図1のように構成し、ある時点における電池モジュール30a~30cに流れる電流値がそれぞれ12A、8A、4Aだったとする。この場合において、まずBMU20は、CMU10を介して各電池モジュール30におけるセル温度とSOCの値から、許容電流値参照テーブル6に基づき第一許容電流値を取得する。
例えば、電池モジュール30a~cにおける第一許容電流値はそれぞれ、15A、14A、16Aだったとする。
具体的に各電池モジュール30各々を基準としたケースにおける第二許容電流値は以下のとおりとなる。
電池モジュール30bに流れる電流:8A×15/12=10A
電池モジュール30cに流れる電流:4A×15/12=5A
電池モジュール30aに流れる電流:12A×14/8=21A
電池モジュール30cに流れる電流:4A×14/8=7A
電池モジュール30aに流れる電流:12A×16/4=48A
電池モジュール30bに流れる電流:8A×16/4=32A
また、CMU10がBMU20の処理機能の一部(例えば電流値の計測等)を備えるようにしてもよいし、BMU20がCMU10の処理機能の一部を備えるようにしてもよい。
2・・・二次電池
3・・・電流計
4・・・電圧計
5・・・温度計
6・・・許容電流値参照テーブル
10・・・CMU
20・・・BMU
200・・・上位システム制御部
300・・・表示部
Claims (4)
- 直列に接続された複数の二次電池からなる電池モジュールが、並列に複数接続されて電流の出力を行う組電池と;
前記電流の許容電流値を算出する電池管理部と;
を有し、
前記電池管理部は、
前記複数の電池モジュールの各々の第一許容電流値を算出する第一許容電流値算出部と;
前記複数の電池モジュールのうち1つの電池モジュールの前記第一許容電流値を基準として他の電池モジュールの第二許容電流値を算出する第二許容電流値算出部と;
前記第二許容電流値の各々がそれぞれ対応する前記電池モジュールの前記第一許容電流値以下の値の場合には、前記基準とした前記第一許容電流値と前記各々の前記第二電流値の和に対応する値を前記許容電流値とする算出部と;
前記算出部が算出した前記和に対応する値を外部へ通知する許容電力値通知部と;
を備える電池パック。 - 前記電池管理部は、
前記複数の二次電池のそれぞれの温度値を取得する温度値取得部と;
前記複数の二次電池のそれぞれの充電率を算出する充電率算出部と;
前記二次電池の温度および充電率と予め対応づけられた第一許容電流値を格納した許容電流値参照テーブルを保持する許容電流値参照テーブル保持部と;
前記第二許容電流値の各々がそれぞれ対応する前記電池モジュールの前記第一許容電流値以下の値かを判定する判定部と;
をさらに備え、
前記第一許容電流値算出部は、前記許容電流値参照テーブル、前記温度値、および前記充電率に基づいて、前記電池モジュール毎に前記第一許容電流値を算出し;
前記第二許容電流値算出部は、基準となった前記1つの電池モジュールに前記第一許容電流値に示される電流が流れた場合における電流の増加率に基づいて、前記他の電池モジュールにおける前記第二許容電流値を当該他の電池モジュールの前記第一許容電流値を基準に算出し;
前記判定部は、各電池モジュールのそれぞれを基準とした前記複数の電池モジュールの組合わせの各々に対し、前記第二許容電流値の各々がそれぞれ対応する前記電池モジュールの前記第一許容電流値以下の値かを判定し;
前記算出部は、前記判定部による判定を満たす前記組合わせにおける前記各電池モジュールの第二許容電流値の和に対応する値を算出する;
請求項1に記載の電池パック。 - 電力負荷と;
直列に接続された複数の二次電池からなる電池モジュールが、並列に複数接続されて前記電力負荷に対して電流の出力を行う組電池と;
前記複数の電池モジュールの各々の第一許容電流値を算出する第一許容電流値算出部と;
前記複数の電池モジュールのうち1つの電池モジュールの前記第一許容電流値を基準として他の電池モジュールの第二許容電流値を算出する第二許容電流値算出部と;
前記第二許容電流値の各々がそれぞれ対応する前記電池モジュールの前記第一許容電流値以下の値の場合には、前記基準とした前記第一許容電流値と前記各々の前記第二電流値の和に対応する値を許容電流値とする算出部と;
前記許容電流値を受け、前記電力負荷に対して前記許容電流値以下で動作するよう制御する上位システム制御部と;
を有する電池制御システム。 - 前記電力負荷に接続された車輪と;
前記車輪に接続されたエンジンと;
をさらに有し、
前記上位システム制御部は、前記エンジンの駆動を制御するとともに、
前記電力負荷の要求する要求電流値が前記許容電流値より大きい場合には、前記要求電流値と前記許容電流値との差分に相当する電流分を前記エンジンの駆動で補う制御を行う
請求項3に記載の電池制御システム。
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KR1020127003307A KR101323511B1 (ko) | 2010-03-26 | 2011-03-24 | 전지 팩 및 전지 제어 시스템 |
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WO2013060212A1 (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-05-02 | Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited | Distributed batterry management system and method of identification distribution using the same |
US9222986B2 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2015-12-29 | Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited | Distributed battery management system and method of identification distribution using the same |
CN107364363A (zh) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-21 | 安徽华凯新能源科技有限公司 | 电动叉车动力电池组用新型充电机 |
WO2019039114A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-02-28 | ソニー株式会社 | 蓄電制御装置、蓄電制御方法及び蓄電システム |
JPWO2019039114A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-23 | 2020-08-06 | ソニー株式会社 | 蓄電制御装置、蓄電制御方法及び蓄電システム |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101323511B1 (ko) | 2013-10-29 |
JP5517692B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
US20120166031A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
EP2555371A4 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
CN102474118B (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
JP2011205827A (ja) | 2011-10-13 |
CN102474118A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
US8958934B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 |
KR20120049253A (ko) | 2012-05-16 |
EP2555371A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
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