WO2011111078A1 - Formulation pour l'élimination, la réduction et/ou la prévention de la formation de composés inorganiques et analogues - Google Patents

Formulation pour l'élimination, la réduction et/ou la prévention de la formation de composés inorganiques et analogues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011111078A1
WO2011111078A1 PCT/IT2010/000102 IT2010000102W WO2011111078A1 WO 2011111078 A1 WO2011111078 A1 WO 2011111078A1 IT 2010000102 W IT2010000102 W IT 2010000102W WO 2011111078 A1 WO2011111078 A1 WO 2011111078A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
formulation
enzyme
water
formulation according
referred
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2010/000102
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Elena Roda
Lucio Panizza
Original Assignee
Archimede R&D S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Archimede R&D S.R.L. filed Critical Archimede R&D S.R.L.
Priority to PCT/IT2010/000102 priority Critical patent/WO2011111078A1/fr
Publication of WO2011111078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011111078A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
    • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
    • C11D3/38636—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase containing enzymes other than protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, oxidase or reductase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
    • C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
    • C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
    • C09D5/1687—Use of special additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a formulation for removing, reducing and/or preventing the formation of inorganic compounds and the like, and for preventing their deposition on the surfaces of any object and/or apparatus and/or earthy environments.
  • the water that flows through the pipes of sewage systems and is therefore intended to be used for the most disparate purposes, including the supply of electrical household appliances, contains in various concentrations metallic ions such as the calcium ion, the magnesium ion, and/or the ferrous ion.
  • metallic ions such as the calcium ion, the magnesium ion, and/or the ferrous ion.
  • These ions are generally present in solution in water (in variable quantities) in the form of sulfates, chlorides, nitrates, carbonates or hydrogen carbonates; however, as a consequence of particular environmental conditions, they can precipitate and, in the case of calcium carbonates but also of other mineral salts which are in any case insoluble, indeed form scale incrustations.
  • incrustations that thus form on objects such as for example the walls of pipes, heaters, exchangers, et cetera cause very high load losses, with consequent reductions in efficiency, reliability, and even substantial economic damage; moreover, the reduction of the passage diameter in the pipes, caused by scale, can cause blockages and permanent failures of the structures involved.
  • scale does not damage only the surfaces of pipes and other infrastructures: when scale concentrates in soil, in fact, such soil becomes calcareous soil, which is substantially toxic for many plant organisms. Moreover, plant leaves are often withered and lack in vitality if they are watered constantly with scale-rich water.
  • the aim of the present invention is to solve the problems described above, by providing a formulation that is capable of reducing the concentration of inorganic compounds and the like, preferably in a fluid.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a formulation that can perform effectively an action of removal and/or reduction of inorganic compounds and the like, or can hinder their formation, without causing noxious effects for man and the environment.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a formulation that is suitable for use on any type of surface and material.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a formulation that ensures high reliability in operation.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a formulation that ensures durable and correct operation of electrical and/or electronic apparatuses that use water and/or other fluids, both as an element for their operation and as a fluid for their cleaning and/or maintenance.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a formulation that can be used in limited quantities so as to avoid needless waste.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a formulation that can be obtained easily starting from commonly commercially available elements and materials and has low risks of toxicity for man and/or the environment.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a formulation that has low costs and is safe in application.
  • a formulation for removing, reducing and/or preventing the formation of inorganic compounds and the like, compounds present in a fluid and/or deposited on surfaces characterized in that it comprises a catalyst of the decarboxylation reaction, to reduce the energy required for activation of the reaction and to accelerate its development, said catalyst being an enzyme selected preferably from the group of lyases, the group of hydrolases and the group of oxidoreductases.
  • the formulation according to the invention is capable of removing and/or reducing the quantity of inorganic compounds and the like that are present in a fluid and/or deposited on surfaces, and of preventing their formation and deposition on such surfaces, which can belong to any object and/or apparatus and/or earthy environment. It should be specified from the outset that according to the preferred but not exclusive application the fluid is constituted by water, but the formulation according to the invention might also be used with different fluids as a function of the specific requirements of application.
  • the inorganic compounds are preferably constituted by oxide salts with a generic formula of the type M W (XO Z ) Y , where M is selected between a metallic ion (for example the calcium ion, Ca 2+ the magnesium ion, Mg 2+ or the ferrous ion, Fe 2+ ) and/or a cationic entity.
  • M is selected between a metallic ion (for example the calcium ion, Ca 2+ the magnesium ion, Mg 2+ or the ferrous ion, Fe 2+ ) and/or a cationic entity.
  • X is an element selected preferably from carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, phosphorus, boron, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine and hydrogen.
  • W, Y and Z are charges that give the salt a neutral or balanced charge.
  • the inorganic compounds on which the formulation acts to remove them and/or prevent their formation and/or deposition might be inorganic salts such as salts of carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, sulfates, magnesium nitrates, calcium, strontium, or inorganic salts of chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, calcium, potassium, bromine, carbon, strontium, boron, silicon, fluorine, argon, nitrogen and/or a mixture of these compounds.
  • inorganic salts such as salts of carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, sulfates, magnesium nitrates, calcium, strontium, or inorganic salts of chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, calcium, potassium, bromine, carbon, strontium, boron, silicon, fluorine, argon, nitrogen and/or a mixture of these compounds.
  • the inorganic compounds are constituted by carbonates of calcium and/or magnesium, capable of precipitating and forming deposits, incrustations, until they constitute layers of a material known as scale.
  • the formulation comprises a catalyst of the decarboxylation reaction, which is capable of reducing the quantity of energy required to activate such reaction and of accelerating its development;
  • a catalyst of the decarboxylation reaction which is capable of reducing the quantity of energy required to activate such reaction and of accelerating its development;
  • such catalyst is an enzyme selected preferably from the group of lyases, the group of hydrolases, and the group of oxidoreductases.
  • the enzyme, of the lyase group belongs to the subgroup of carbon anhydrases (which are present abundantly in the tissues of mammals but also in plants, algae and bacteria).
  • Carbon anhydrases have a high turnover number, which in chemistry is defined as the number of substrate molecules processed by a molecule of enzyme in the unit time (in the case of carbon anhydrase, indeed, this turnover number assumes values on the order of 10 5 -10 6 processed molecules per second).
  • Carbon anhydrase is, as is known, capable of catalyzing the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water into protons and bicarbonate ions, according to the chemical equation given hereafter:
  • the formulation comprises the enzyme in a percentage comprised between 0.00001% and 30%, the percentages being referred to the weight of the enzyme with respect to the total weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation comprises the enzyme in a percentage comprised preferably between 0.00001% and 5%, the percentages being referred to the weight of the enzyme with respect to the total weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation comprises the enzyme in a percentage comprised preferably between 0.00001% and 0.01%, where the percentages refer to the weight of the enzyme with respect to the total weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation according to the invention comprises a buffer element.
  • a buffer element allows, in known manners, to adjust the pH of the environment in which the formulation is intended to act. This allows to keep the value of the pH equal to (or in any case close to) a predefined value, which therefore can be chosen as the value at which the activity of the enzyme, as a catalyst of the decarboxylation reaction, is greatest.
  • the buffer element is preferably selected among a borate, a phosphate, an acetate, a citrate, a sulfate.
  • the formulation is in the solid state, with a form selected preferably among a tablet, a pellet and a powder, optionally encapsulated.
  • the enzyme is contained therein in a concentration comprised between 0.05 U/g and 50,000 U/g, the values being referred to the total weight of the formulation; more particularly, the enzyme has a concentration comprised between 0.05 U/g and 2500 U/g; even more particularly, the formulation according to the invention comprises the enzyme in a concentration comprised between 0.05 U/g and 125 U/g.
  • the formulation in the solid state can be, for example, released into the water and/or fluid to be treated, in order to obtain the decalcification effect, and can also be introduced in the piping or in any case in the areas affected by the flow of water and in general of fluids, and can also be spread on the surfaces that are subject to the risk of formation of scale deposits.
  • the formulation is in the liquid state, for example of the type of a cream, a gel or a liquid with any value of density and viscosity.
  • the enzyme is contained therein in a concentration comprised between 0.05 U/ml and 50,000 U/ml, and the values are referred to the total quantity of formulation; more particularly, the enzyme is comprised in the formulation according to the invention at a concentration comprised between 0.05 U/ml and 2500 U/ml and even more particularly the concentration is comprised between 0.05 U/ml and 125 U/ml.
  • the formulation has a state of the aerosol type and also according to this embodiment there are many methods of use thereof, all of which are within the protective scope claimed herein (likewise for additional methods according to which the formulation appears in a form that is different from the ones proposed in the preceding sections).
  • the formulation comprises at least one surfactant in order to give such formulation also a detergent function.
  • the product that contains the formulation according to the invention can be used to treat surfaces (such as contact surfaces) of sanitary fixtures, electrical household appliances, piping, pipe fittings and the like, indeed in order to eliminate incrustations such as scale.
  • the formulation can also be used as a component of a product designed to lower the hardness of drinking water, hardness being understood as content of calcium and magnesium ions (in the form of salts of sulfates, chlorides, nitrates, carbonates or hydrogen carbonates) in water.
  • the formulation can be used as a component of a product for reducing the hardness of water intended for non-food use, and as noted in the preceding section the hardness is understood as the content of calcium and/or magnesium ions (in the form of salts of sulfates, chlorides, nitrates, carbonates or hydrogen carbonates) in water.
  • the hardness of the water can be correlated directly to the presence of salts of carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, sulfates and nitrates (on which the formulation according to the invention indeed acts).
  • the enzyme differently from known types of formulation, can reduce hardness gradually, at the same time keeping in solution a percentage of salts that are useful for example for human and plant health, thus complying with applicable statutory provisions that recommend for water intended for living organisms a minimum hardness value of 15 French degrees.
  • water treated with the formulation according to the invention can be used to water plants or for water intended to circulate within electrical or electronic apparatuses and devices of various kinds.
  • the detergent thus has, simultaneously with the degreasing and/or cleaning effect for the surfaces, the capacity to reduce the hardness of the washing water (and thus prevent any gelatinous precipitates from reducing the degreasing effect).
  • Use of the formulation is also provided as an additive in detergent products of various types, such as those intended for cleaning kitchenware, detergent products which can also be used in industrial and/or domestic dishwashers.
  • detergent products that have received the addition of the formulation according to the invention can also be aimed at cleaning other electrical household appliances, electrical or electronic devices, or other objects that are subject to the deposition of scale, ensuring in any case the removal of incrustations and therefore a longer life of the objects (and a more effective and efficient operation over time).
  • the use of the formulation according to one of the uses listed above thus allows to remove scale deposits (or prevent their formation) by means of an element (the enzyme) that is natural, easy to handle (also to introduce it in various types of formulation), is biodegradable and completely biocompatible.
  • the enzyme is actively capable of converting into gaseous carbon dioxide the salts (in particular the carbonate salts) that are present in the water (or other fluid) and/or as deposits on any surface.
  • the products that contain the formulation according to the invention therefore do not contain (or contain in amounts that are significantly lower than those of known products) components or elements that are noxious or toxic for man or for the environment.
  • enzymes have a high specificity, since they are capable of converting only the molecules of that specific type of substrate whose steric hindrance is such as to make them easily accessible to the cavity (also known as active site) formed by the protein envelope of the enzyme. This aspect avoids the danger that the formulation according to the invention might attack and corrode also the products and objects from which it has to remove the scale incrustations (as occurs with known scale removing solutions).
  • the formulation according to the invention can be used effectively also in contact with delicate surfaces such as those made of marble or ceramic, for which traditional scale removing formulations are not recommended indeed due to the risk of corrosion.
  • the formulation (which can be used as decalcifier for plants) has the following components:
  • the quantity of enzyme in a 10-ml product formulation is equal to 4999.8 U/ml.
  • the following formulation can be used for example within an iron as a scale remover for the iron itself.
  • the quantity of enzyme in a 10-ml product formulation is equal to 12499.8 U/ml.
  • the quantity of enzyme in a 500-ml product formulation is equal to 24.996 U/ml.
  • a formulation usable as a scale remover product for washing machines is provided.
  • the quantity of enzyme in a 6-g product formulation is equal to 20833 U/g. Example 5.
  • Formulation usable as a brightener tablet for dishwashers is a brightener tablet for dishwashers.
  • Non-ionic surfactants ⁇ 3% w/w
  • Limonene 0.005% w/w
  • the quantity of enzyme in a 6-g product formulation is equal to 10417 U/g.
  • Formulation usable as scale removing gel is
  • the quantity of enzyme in a 500-ml product formulation is equal to 24.996 U/ml.
  • the effectiveness of the formulation was tested by performing laboratory tests using a kit for simplified titration of the substances (or compounds of multiple substances) that are responsible for water hardness.
  • titration in general is a set of experimental operations aimed at the quantitative determination of a substance (or of a compound) in a specific matrix context.
  • the calcium and magnesium ions react more or less quantitatively with chemical species that are rich in pairs of valency electrons that are not involved in bonds, species known as ligands.
  • some organic molecules are particularly suitable for analyses of the complexometric type: these are substances known as polydentate, i.e., which form multiple bonds with the same metal.
  • ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid EDTA generally referenced as Y 4"
  • This is a tetraprotic acid, i.e., it has four ionizable acid groups.
  • the reaction of interest in complexometric titration is:
  • the metallic ion is bonded quantitatively to the EDTA ligand.
  • the indicator commonly proposed for these titrations is eriochrome black T (NET), an organic molecule with an acid nature that has bonding capacities (the SO 3" group and the two OH ' groups): it is clear that the complexing capacity of this indicator, as well as of the EDTA ligand, depends strictly on the pH of the medium, since these substances are weak proton donors or acceptors.
  • NET eriochrome black T
  • the species H 2 In ' is red in color, and so is the color of the NET complexed with most metals. Therefore, the pH of the medium must be higher than 7, so that the blue color of NET (Hln 2 ) predominates in order to be able to then distinguish it from the red color of the NET bonded to the metal.
  • Example 1 The formulation having the composition of Example 1 was tested as a decalcifier for plants at a final concentration for use of the enzyme equal to 0.01 mg/ml.
  • the reduction of water hardness was as follows:
  • Example 2 The formulation having the composition of Example 2 was tested at a final concentration of use of the enzyme equal to 0.05 mg/ml.
  • the reduction in water hardness was as follows:
  • Example 3 The formulation having the composition of Example 3 was tested at a final concentration of use of the enzyme equal to 0.01 mg/ml. Water hardness reduction was as follows:
  • Example 5 The formulation having the composition of Example 5 was tested as a brightener for dishwashers at a final concentration of use of the enzyme equal to 0.0025 mg/m.
  • the reduction in water hardness was as follows:
  • Example 6 The formulation having the composition of Example 6 was tested as a scale remover in gel form at a final concentration of use of the enzyme equal to 0.01 mg/ml.
  • the reduction in water hardness was as follows:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet une formulation pour l'élimination, la réduction et/ou la prévention de la formation de composés inorganiques et analogues, de composés qui peuvent être présents dans un fluide et/ou déposés sur des surfaces, comprenant un catalyseur de la réaction de décarboxylation, pour réduire l'énergie requise pour l'activation de la réaction et pour accélérer le développement de la réaction, le catalyseur étant une enzyme choisie de préférence dans le groupe des lyases, le groupe des hydrolases et le groupe des oxydoréductases.
PCT/IT2010/000102 2010-03-10 2010-03-10 Formulation pour l'élimination, la réduction et/ou la prévention de la formation de composés inorganiques et analogues WO2011111078A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2010/000102 WO2011111078A1 (fr) 2010-03-10 2010-03-10 Formulation pour l'élimination, la réduction et/ou la prévention de la formation de composés inorganiques et analogues

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2010/000102 WO2011111078A1 (fr) 2010-03-10 2010-03-10 Formulation pour l'élimination, la réduction et/ou la prévention de la formation de composés inorganiques et analogues

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WO2011111078A1 true WO2011111078A1 (fr) 2011-09-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109748403A (zh) * 2018-12-08 2019-05-14 上海电力学院 一种用于抑止硫酸钙垢形成的高分子阻垢剂及其制备方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998017592A1 (fr) * 1996-10-22 1998-04-30 Reddy Malireddy S Systeme de milieux biochimiques pour reduire la pollution
WO1998026807A1 (fr) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Novo Nordisk A/S Procede de traitement enzymatique d'un film biologique
WO2004041988A1 (fr) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-21 Sanchez, Thierry Procede d'elimination du biofilm
WO2009138455A1 (fr) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Archimede R&D S.R.L. Composition d'enzyme destinée à réduire la libération d'ingrédients pharmaceutiquement actifs dans l'environnement

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998017592A1 (fr) * 1996-10-22 1998-04-30 Reddy Malireddy S Systeme de milieux biochimiques pour reduire la pollution
WO1998026807A1 (fr) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Novo Nordisk A/S Procede de traitement enzymatique d'un film biologique
WO2004041988A1 (fr) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-21 Sanchez, Thierry Procede d'elimination du biofilm
WO2009138455A1 (fr) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Archimede R&D S.R.L. Composition d'enzyme destinée à réduire la libération d'ingrédients pharmaceutiquement actifs dans l'environnement

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109748403A (zh) * 2018-12-08 2019-05-14 上海电力学院 一种用于抑止硫酸钙垢形成的高分子阻垢剂及其制备方法
CN109748403B (zh) * 2018-12-08 2021-10-08 上海电力学院 一种用于抑止硫酸钙垢形成的高分子阻垢剂及其制备方法

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