WO2011103854A1 - Procédé et dispositif de commande d'un frein - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de commande d'un frein Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011103854A1
WO2011103854A1 PCT/DE2011/000127 DE2011000127W WO2011103854A1 WO 2011103854 A1 WO2011103854 A1 WO 2011103854A1 DE 2011000127 W DE2011000127 W DE 2011000127W WO 2011103854 A1 WO2011103854 A1 WO 2011103854A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
electric motor
comparison
parameter
operating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2011/000127
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Levermann
Original Assignee
Hanning Elektro-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hanning Elektro-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Hanning Elektro-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2011103854A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011103854A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
    • F03D7/0248—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking by mechanical means acting on the power train
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/90—Braking
    • F05B2260/902—Braking using frictional mechanical forces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting the operating state of a brake, in particular a wind turbine brake, wherein a brake shoe of the brake is moved by means of an actuating element in a braking position in which the brake shoe presses with a braking force against a brake pad, and is moved to a non-braking position in which the brake shoe does not rest on the brake pad, that the actuator is coupled directly or via a transmission with an electric motor, which is controlled by means of an actuator.
  • the invention relates to a method for controlling an electric motor and an apparatus for performing the method according to the preamble of the claim.
  • a brake for wind turbines in which a brake shoe acting on a brake shoe for reciprocating the same is coupled to an electric drive.
  • the electric drive comprises an electric motor which is coupled via a lever with a transmission which converts the pivoting movement into an axial movement.
  • the transmission has an axially displaceable and rotatably guided in a housing spindle element, at one end of the brake shoe firmly
  • CONFIRMATION COPY is arranged.
  • detectors such as strain gauges can be used for this, but they are susceptible to errors in relatively harsh environmental conditions.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and a device for detecting the operating state of a brake or controlling the electric motor that automatically maintain an optimal operating state of the brake and malfunctions can be detected in a simple manner.
  • the inventive method in conjunction with the preamble of claim 1 is characterized in that at least one operating parameter of the electric motor and / or the actuator is measured and evaluated to the effect that at least one brake power or engine wear related state variable is determined.
  • operating parameters of an electric motor and / or an actuating unit are used to determine at least one braking-force-related state variable.
  • the braking force-related state quantity is also the operating state of the brake is known, which can be compensated for by changing the state variable by appropriate control means. If, for example, detected by detecting the current flow of the electric motor, that the predetermined braking force due to wear of the brake pad occurs only later in time, with a brake shoe of the brake from the non-braking position in the braking position must cover a larger travel, the brake power-related state variable is assigned to a degree of wear.
  • a change in the state variable can be checked by comparing the measured operating parameters with predetermined comparison parameters, whereupon, when the comparison parameters are exceeded, the setpoint specification is changed so that an extended travel path is set.
  • the determination of the at least one state variable can be used to change a desired value specification such that an adaptation of the current manipulated variable to the changed state variable takes place.
  • the invention in conjunction with the preamble of claim 11, characterized in that the comparison parameters are stored in a microprocessor-based comparison unit, at the output side followed by a directly acting on the electric motor actuator.
  • the particular advantage of the device according to the invention is that no additional detectors have to be attached to the electric motor or to the brake shoe in order to determine braking-force-related state variables.
  • the operating state of the brake or the braking-force-related state variable is effected solely by electrical operating parameters of the electric motor, which are compared in a comparison unit with predetermined comparison parameters.
  • the at least one comparison parameter forms a threshold value, which leads to a change in the setting parameters or the setpoint specification when exceeding or falling short of at least one of the measured operating parameters. It can thus be adapted to current conditions, an operating condition of the brake, so that the functionality of the brake is maintained at a same level.
  • the predetermined comparison parameters are stored in a comparison database, so that one by one either individual comparison parameters or time profiles of comparison parameters can be compared with the corresponding operating parameters.
  • the comparative data Bank assigned to a microcontroller and can be initialized or updated in a simple manner, depending on the application.
  • the comparison unit has a computer or a microprocessor (microcontroller), which optionally calculates a compensation value by which the original desired value is changed.
  • the comparison unit thus generates a modified setpoint value that is transmitted to an actuating unit and / or a control unit when there is a significant change in the braking-force-related state variable.
  • the electric motor is thus always optimally activated as a function of the braking-force-related state variable.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device according to the invention for controlling a brake
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a comparison unit of FIG
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of a comparison program that runs in a computer of the comparison unit.
  • a device according to the invention for controlling an electric brake is preferably used in brakes of a wind power plant or in a solar tracking device.
  • a brake 1 of the wind turbine is used to decelerate wind turbine blades and has a by a travel s linearly adjustable brake shoe 2, which acts in a braking position with a predetermined braking force on a stationary brake pad 3 of a brake housing 4 and spaced apart in a non-braking position to the brake pad 3 is, see braking position indicated by dashed line in Figure 1.
  • the brake shoe 2 is axially fixed to an actuator 5 of a transmission G.
  • the transmission G may be formed, for example, as a spindle gear or ball screw or planetary roller screw.
  • the transmission G is coupled to an electric motor M, which is preferably arranged coaxially with the transmission G.
  • the electric motor M may be formed, for example, as a synchronous motor or asynchronous motor, wherein a rotor of the same on the input side is coupled to the transmission G.
  • An actuating unit 6, which may have, for example, a pulse width modulation device and a converter unit, acts on the motor M.
  • the inverter unit can be For example, have a rectifier, a DC link and an inverter.
  • the device has a regulator unit 7 and a comparison unit 8.
  • the comparison unit 8 has a microcontroller 9 as a computer and a comparison database 10, by means of which, depending on the current operating state of the brake 1, a desired value S s oii is variable.
  • the comparison unit 8 electrical operating parameters B is the electric motor M and / or the actuator 6 is supplied.
  • At least a magnitude of voltage U and / or magnitude of current I and / or phase angle and / or mean of the magnitude of voltage U and / or the current intensity I over a time interval and / or a power magnitude P, Q can be transmitted, for example, by the adjusting unit 6 .
  • These operating parameters Bi st are continuously compared with predetermined and, for example, stored in the comparison database 10 comparison parameters B v .
  • the comparison parameters B v each form a threshold value st is exceeded by the corresponding measured operating parameter Bj_ for generating a compensation value A leads to the the desired value Ss o ii is changed into a modified target value
  • the predetermined comparison parameters B v are dimensioned so that when over / underrun at least one of the same occurs the change of the braking force-related state variable Z.
  • the brake power-related Stand size Z mean the current state of wear of the brake 1. For example, if the wear of the brake 1 has increased, the brake shoe 2 must be moved by a larger travel s to press with the predetermined braking force on the brake pad. The electric current or the torque generated by the electric motor M thus adjusts itself later in time, so that the deteriorated state of wear of the brake 1 is closed by comparing the current time characteristic I (t) with a predetermined and stored current profile (comparison parameter B v ) can be.
  • the selected current operating parameters Bi St are dependent on wear-related characteristic values of the electric motor M and / or braking-force-related characteristic values of the brake shoe 2 and / or the brake lining 3. These characteristic values can be used to define the braking-force-related and / or motor wear-related state variable. If necessary, external sensor signals can be used for this purpose. From Figure 3 it can be seen that when it exceeds the comparison parameter B v by the current B is a change in the state variable Z is detected, see comparison step 12. As a consequence, the target value S so ii, which is sequentially interrogated in constant time intervals T, to the compensation value a is increased to the modified setpoint S * so ii, step 12.
  • the setpoint S so n or the modified setpoint S * so n are applied to an input of the controller unit 7, which may have, for example, a PID controller or PI controller.
  • the controller unit 7 downstream actuating unit 6 is so generated by a the setpoint values S as n, S * ii predetermined control signal, with which the electric motor M is powered.
  • the number of revolutions of the motor can be specified in order to effect the predetermined travel path s of the brake shoe 2.
  • a torque and thus a predetermined holding force acting on the brake pad 3 can be generated via the stator current.
  • a return branch 14 leads to the input of the control unit 7, so that the electric motor M is always controlled to the desired value S * S oii in dependence on the current operating parameters T t , which are determined in the control unit 6.
  • operating parameters Bi St determined on the electric motor M and / or on the transmission G can also be supplied to the comparison unit 8 and / or the control unit 7.
  • the determined operating parameters Bi St can be an indication of state variables such as wear, noise, loops, corrosion of the electric motor M and / or the brake shoe 2 and the brake pad 3.
  • the wear of the brake pads 3, the amount of braking force and tolerances in the brake housing 4 are taken into account.
  • it can be determined by comparison with comparison data stored in the comparison database 10 whether limit values are exceeded.
  • the limit values serve here as absolute comparison data values which, as threshold values, effect a correction of the motor drive by applying the checking program described above and stored in the computer 9.
  • Increases, for example, surprisingly, the current consumption of the electric motor M can be determined by checking the operating parameters B * is n so generated in the comparing unit 8, a modified target value S which causes a corresponding correction control signal.
  • the electric motor M can be brought to a standstill, or a reversal of motion of the electric motor M is initiated in order to eliminate the fault condition.
  • a rotational and / or vertical movement of the solar modules can be controlled. This relates in particular to the tracking of the solar modules as a function of the current position of the sun, the electric motor M being used to drive and brake the solar modules.
  • the electric motor M can only be controlled, wherein the control unit 7 and the return branch 7 are omitted.
  • the current operating parameter B ist of the electric motor M is measured and stored in the comparison database 10 as reference data.
  • This reference data is used as comparison data for the measured in the further course of the operation of another operational parameter B is.
  • individual or several operating parameters can thus be monitored and evaluated over a longer period of time.
  • the aging of the electric motor M or the brake can be determined as a function of the operating intensity.
  • operating parameters in the same or different lengths of time intervals can be checked for deviation from the reference data determined during commissioning.
  • the comparison is not limited to individual values, but may also relate to time profiles of operating parameters.
  • the invention also enables the isolated recognition of the operating state of the electric motor M.
  • operating parameters Bi st of the electric motor are determined and evaluated exclusively in a non-braking position of the control element 2.
  • the evaluation comprises the comparison of the current operating parameter Bi St with a predetermined stored operating parameter B v .
  • This makes it possible to determine a motor wear-related state variable Z, by means of which the wear of the electric motor M can be concluded. It is possible to determine the degree of wear of the electric motor M thus what influence on the timing of replacement of the electric motor M by a new or reconditioned electric motor M. For example, if a motor wear-dependent boundary parameter exceeded B v .st by the measured operational parameters Bj, is a Error signal generated and transmitted to a monitoring unit.
  • a limiting current intensity value of the electric motor M can serve as the limit parameter, and if this limit parameter is exceeded during ongoing operation of the electric motor M, for example, it can be concluded that a bearing of the electric motor M is only able to function to a limited extent or not at all.
  • an exchange of components of the electric motor M or of the entire electric motor M can now be prepared and carried out.
  • the error signal can be transmitted wirelessly or via a cable to a central monitoring unit. This ensures that the electric motor M has a high reliability.
  • the wind turbine can also operate in a grinding operation.
  • the actuator 2 is in a "dragging" braking operation with less braking force to the brake pad 3 as in a "standing” braking operation in which a maximum braking force acting on the brake pad 3.
  • the grinding braking operation enables damped movement of the wind wheels in certain operating situations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de détection de l'état de fonctionnement d'un frein, en particulier d'un frein d'installation aérogénératrice. Un segment de frein peut être mis par un élément de positionnement dans une position de freinage dans laquelle le segment de frein est appliqué avec une force de freinage contre une garniture de frein et dans une position de non-freinage dans laquelle le segment de frein ne repose pas sur la garniture de frein. L'élément de positionnement est couplé avec un moteur électrique, soit directement soit par l'intermédiaire d'une transmission et il est piloté par une unité de positionnement. Au moins un paramètre de fonctionnement du moteur électrique et/ou de l'unité de positionnement est mesuré et analysé afin de déterminer au moins une grandeur d'état liée à la force de freinage ou à l'usure du moteur.
PCT/DE2011/000127 2010-02-24 2011-02-10 Procédé et dispositif de commande d'un frein WO2011103854A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010002313.2 2010-02-24
DE102010002313A DE102010002313A1 (de) 2010-02-24 2010-02-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern einer Bremse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011103854A1 true WO2011103854A1 (fr) 2011-09-01

Family

ID=44201176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2011/000127 WO2011103854A1 (fr) 2010-02-24 2011-02-10 Procédé et dispositif de commande d'un frein

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102010002313A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011103854A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014212594B4 (de) 2014-06-30 2024-05-16 Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH Verfahren zur Erkennung des Verschleißes eines Bremssystems und Bremssystem

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003076818A1 (fr) 2002-03-08 2003-09-18 Hanning & Kahl Gmbh & Co. Kg Frein, en particulier pour aerogenerateur
DE10212612A1 (de) * 2002-03-21 2003-10-02 Lucas Automotive Gmbh Elektrisch betätigbare Fahrzeugbremse
DE10361042B3 (de) * 2003-12-23 2005-05-25 Lucas Automotive Gmbh Feststellbremse und Verfahren zur Steuerung derselben
DE102008011148A1 (de) * 2008-02-26 2009-10-08 Nordex Energy Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose eines Bremssystems einer Drehverbindung einer Windenergieanlage

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003076818A1 (fr) 2002-03-08 2003-09-18 Hanning & Kahl Gmbh & Co. Kg Frein, en particulier pour aerogenerateur
DE10212612A1 (de) * 2002-03-21 2003-10-02 Lucas Automotive Gmbh Elektrisch betätigbare Fahrzeugbremse
DE10361042B3 (de) * 2003-12-23 2005-05-25 Lucas Automotive Gmbh Feststellbremse und Verfahren zur Steuerung derselben
DE102008011148A1 (de) * 2008-02-26 2009-10-08 Nordex Energy Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose eines Bremssystems einer Drehverbindung einer Windenergieanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010002313A1 (de) 2011-08-25

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