WO2011101029A1 - Système frigorifique et procédé d'équilibrage des niveaux d'huile entre les compresseurs d'un système frigorifique - Google Patents

Système frigorifique et procédé d'équilibrage des niveaux d'huile entre les compresseurs d'un système frigorifique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011101029A1
WO2011101029A1 PCT/EP2010/051985 EP2010051985W WO2011101029A1 WO 2011101029 A1 WO2011101029 A1 WO 2011101029A1 EP 2010051985 W EP2010051985 W EP 2010051985W WO 2011101029 A1 WO2011101029 A1 WO 2011101029A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
collecting container
line
refrigerant
compressor unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/051985
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Mahnert
Original Assignee
Carrier Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corporation filed Critical Carrier Corporation
Priority to PCT/EP2010/051985 priority Critical patent/WO2011101029A1/fr
Publication of WO2011101029A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011101029A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/22—Refrigeration systems for supermarkets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/16—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/03—Oil level

Definitions

  • the invention is related to a refrigeration system and a method for balancing the oil levels between compressors of a refrigeration system.
  • a refrigeration system that employs both a medium temperature compressor set and a low temperature compressor set and allows normal temperature refrigeration of normal cold consumers and freezing temperature refrigeration of freezing cold consumers.
  • Such refrigeration system is also referred to as booster refrigeration system.
  • a refrigeration system comprises a first compressor unit, a condenser/gas cooler, and a refrigerant collecting container; a normal refrigeration branch coupled between the refrigerant collecting container and a suction side of the first compressor unit, the normal refrigeration branch comprising a first expansion device and a first evaporator; a freezing branch coupled between the refrigerant collecting container and the suction side of the first compressor unit, the freezing branch comprising a second expansion device, a second evaporator, and a second compressor unit; refrigerant conduits for connecting said elements and for circulating a refrigerant therethrough; an oil balance line connecting at least two compressors of the first compressor unit; an oil collecting container being connected or connectible to at least one compressor of the second compressor unit; an oil refeeding line extending between the oil collecting container and the oil balance line; a pressure line attaching to the oil collecting container that can opened and closed; wherein, if the oil level in the oil collecting container exceeds a predetermined height, the
  • a method for balancing the oil levels between compressors of a refrigeration system comprises a first compressor unit, a condenser/gas cooler, and a refrigerant collecting container; a normal refrigeration branch coupled between the refrigerant collecting container and a suction side of the first compressor unit, the normal refrigeration branch comprising a first expansion device and a first evaporator; a freezing branch coupled between the refrigerant collecting container and the suction side of the first compressor unit, the freezing branch comprising a second expansion device, a second evaporator, and a second compressor unit; refrigerant conduits for connecting said elements and for circulating a refrigerant therethrough; an oil balance line connecting at least two compressors of the first compressor unit; an oil collecting container being connected or connectible to at least one compressor of the second compressor unit; an oil refeeding line extending between the oil collecting container and the oil balance line; and a pressure line attaching to the oil collecting container that can be opened and closed; the method comprising the
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a C0 2 booster refrigeration system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detail of the C0 2 booster refrigeration system of Fig. 1.
  • the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 comprises an oil refeeding and balancing concept that is described in further detail below.
  • the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 comprises, in flow direction of the refrigerant, a medium temperature compressor set 4 comprising two medium temperature compressors 4 connected in parallel, a condenser/gas cooler 6, an intermediate pressure expansion device 8, an intermediate pressure refrigerant collecting container 10 having a lower liquid space portion in which liquid refrigerant collects and an upper gaseous refrigerant portion in which gaseous refrigerant collects, and a common liquid line to both medium temperature (normal) cold consumers and low temperature (freezing) cold consumers.
  • the medium temperature cold consumers and the low temperature cold consumers as well as the respective expansion devices arranged before them are not depicted in Fig. 1.
  • the medium and low temperature cold consumers can be formed as refrigerating furnitures, like refrigerating cabinets, refrigerating chests or refrigerating islands, or as refrigerating rooms, that provide the goods arranged therein with refrigeration at normal or freezing temperatures.
  • the condenser/gas cooler 6 the refrigerant is cooled down against a secondary medium.
  • the secondary medium is air.
  • other secondary media such as water or air enriched with water particles, may also be used.
  • the condenser/gas cooler is referred to as a gas cooler, as the refrigerant leaves the gas cooler 6 in a gaseous phase.
  • a condensation may take place in the condenser/gas cooler 6, such that this refrigerant circuit element is referred to as a condenser.
  • the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 further comprises a suction line 14 from the medium temperature cold consumers (not shown) and leading to the medium temperature compressor set 4.
  • the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 further comprises a suction line 20 returning gaseous refrigerants from the low temperature cold consumers (not shown) and leading to a low temperature compressor set 22 comprising two low temperature compressors 22 connected in parallel.
  • the refrigerant line coming from the intermediate pressure expansion device 8 connects to an upper portion of the intermediate pressure refrigerant collecting container 10, and the liquid line 12 to the medium and low temperature cold consumers 12 connects to a lower portion of the refrigerant collecting container 10.
  • a flash gas line 16 having a control valve 18 arranged therein.
  • this flash gas line 16 excess flash gas from the intermediate pressure refrigerant collecting container 10, in particular from its upper gas space portion can be sucked off from the medium temperature compressor set 4 in case the control valve 18 is opened.
  • the common pressure line 24 coming from the low temperature compressor set 22 attaches to the portion of the flash gas line 16 positioned after the control valve 18 such that in normal operation of the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 the refrigerant that is compressed by the low temperature compressor set 22 to the input pressure of the medium temperature compressor set 4 is led to the medium temperature compressor set 4 and compressed therein, together with the gaseous refrigerant returning from the medium temperature cold consumers over the suction line 14 to high pressure.
  • an oil balance line 34 of the medium temperature compressors 4 By means of this oil balance line 34 the oil levels within the oil sumps of the medium temperature compressors 4 is balanced automatically.
  • an oil collecting container 26 that is connected, by means of an oil line 30, to the oil sumps of the low temperature compressors 22.
  • this oil line 30 has a first common part and then branches into a first line portion leading to the oil sump of the first low temperature compressor 22 and into a second line portion leading to the oil sump of the second low temperature compressor 22.
  • this oil line 30 there is provided an appropriate means for opening and closing the same.
  • this means is formed by a solenoid valve 32 that is arranged in the first common part of the oil line 30. If this solenoid valve 32 is in its open position, excess oil from the oil sumps of the low temperature compressors 22 flows into the oil collecting container 26 and collects therein.
  • an oil refeeding line 36 that attaches with its first end to a lower portion at or within the oil collecting container 26 and attaches with its second end to the oil balance line 34 of the medium temperature compressors 4.
  • this oil refeeding line 26 there can be arranged a further valve 38.
  • this valve is formed by a solenoid valve 38, that is configured for opening and closing the oil refeeding line 36.
  • the intermediate pressure expansion device 8 expands the high pressure refrigerant that has been cooled by the condenser/gas cooler 6 to an intermediate pressure.
  • Typical pressure levels are 10 to 120 bar at the high pressure side between the medium temperature compressors 4 and the intermediate pressure expansion device 8 and 5 to 40 bar at the intermediate pressure side between the intermediate pressure expansion device 8 and the expansion devices arranged before the cold consumers (not shown in Fig. 1 ).
  • the intermediate pressure level is approx. 34 bar (corresponding to a temperature of -1 °C).
  • the low temperature evaporation pressure within the oil collecting container 26 can be approximately 10 bar (corresponding to a temperature of -40°C).
  • the medium temperature evaporation pressure within the oil refeeding line after the solenoid valve 38 can be at approximately 29 bar (corresponding to a temperature of -10°C).
  • the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 further comprises an intermediate pressure line 40 extending between the gas space portion of the refrigerant collecting container 10 and an upper portion of the oil collecting container 26.
  • this intermediate pressure line 40 there is arranged a solenoid valve 42 being configured to open and close this intermediate pressure line 40 as needed.
  • both the flash gas line 16 and the intermediate pressure line 40 join at a connection point that is positioned above the refrigerant collecting container 10 and both have a common portion leading from the upper gaseous space portion of the refrigerant collecting container 10 upwardly to this connection point.
  • a liquid level switch 28 that detects if the oil level within the oil collecting container 26 exceeds a predetermined height or falls below this predetermined height again and generates a switching signal by means of which the valve 32 can be closed and opened and the valves 42 and 38 can be opened and closed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detail of the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2.
  • FIG. 2 only the right low temperature compressor 22 of the two low temperature compressors 22 is shown for simplicity. There is depicted an oil sight glass 44 being connected to the oil sump of the low temperature compressor 22. This oil sight glass 44 is connected to the oil line 30 leading to the oil collecting container 26.
  • the intermediate pressure line 40 connects to the uppermost portion of the oil collecting container 26, whereas the oil refeeding line 36 connects to a quite low point within the oil collecting container 26.
  • This connection point is depicted as an oil tapping point 46 arranged close to the bottom of the oil collecting container 26.
  • the excess oil from the oil sumps of the low temperature compressors 22 is fed via the oil sight glass 44 and the oil line 30 into the oil collecting container 26. If the liquid level switch 28 detects that the oil level within the oil collecting container 26 exceeds a predetermined height then the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 is switched into the oil balancing and refeeding operation that can be carried out simultaneously to the normal refrigeration operation.
  • the solenoid valve 32 in the oil line 30 is closed preventing further oil flow from the oil sumps of the low temperature compressors 22 into the oil collecting container 26. Furthermore, the solenoid valve 42 within the intermediate pressure line 40 and the valve 38 within the oil refeeding line 36 are opened such that intermediate pressure gaseous refrigerant is pressed into the oil collecting container 26 and presses oil from the oil collecting container 26 through the oil refeeding line 36 to the oil balance line 34 of the medium temperature compressors 4.
  • the excess oil from the low temperature compressor 22 flows automatically into the oil container 26.
  • pressurized gaseous refrigerant is led into the oil collecting container 26 thereby effecting oil flow from the oil collecting container 26 to the oil balance line 34.
  • the liquid level switch 28 detects that the oil level within the oil collecting container 26 falls under the predetermined height again and closes the solenoid valve 42 before gaseous refrigerant can enter into the oil refeeding line 36. If the liquid level switch 28 detects that the oil level within the oil collecting container 26 has fallen under the predetermined height again, then also the valve 38 is closed again and the solenoid valve 32 is opened again.
  • the solenoid valve 38 can also be formed as a simple non-return valve allowing oil flow in one direction if the pressure within the oil refeeding line 36 exceeds the predetermined value and always preventing oil back-flow in the other direction.
  • the gaseous refrigerant that has entered the upper portion of the oil collecting container 26 can be sucked off by the normal temperature compressors 22 in normal operation.
  • a control unit can be present that receives the switching signal from the liquid level switch 28 and opens and closes the valves 30, 38 and 42 based on this switching signal.
  • This control unit can also effect the normal control of the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 and its elements shown in Fig. 1 and, additionally, the cold consumers and the respective expansion devices.
  • valve 38 can be realized by a relay having two alternating contacts.
  • the pressure line attaching to the oil collecting container 26 can supply pressurized refrigerant that presses the excess oil from the oil collecting container 26 through the oil refeeding line 36 to the oil balance line 34 from anywhere, either from at least one point in the C0 2 booster refrigeration system 2 or from an external source.
  • the oil collecting container 26 can be connected to any point within the intermediate pressure portion of the refrigeration system.
  • C0 2 carbondioxide
  • the oil levels of the medium temperature compressors and the low temperature compressors are balanced automatically.
  • the excess amount of oil that regularly collects at the low temperature compressor side, in particular in the oil collecting container, is automatically fed back to the medium temperature compressor side, in particular to the oil balance line of the medium temperature compressors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système frigorifique selon la revendication (1), comportant une première unité (4) de compresseur, un condenseur/refroidisseur (6) de gaz et un récipient (10) de collecte d'agent frigorigène; un circuit de réfrigération normale couplé entre le récipient (10) de collecte d'agent frigorigène et un côté aspiration de la première unité (4) de compresseur, le circuit de réfrigération normale comportant un premier dispositif de détente et un premier évaporateur; un circuit de congélation couplé entre le récipient (10) de collecte d'agent frigorigène et le côté aspiration de la première unité (4) de compresseur, le circuit de congélation comportant un deuxième dispositif de détente, un deuxième évaporateur et une deuxième unité (22) de compresseur; des conduits d'agent frigorigène servant à relier lesdits éléments et à faire circuler un agent frigorigène à travers ceux-ci; une canalisation (34) d'équilibrage d'huile reliant au moins deux compresseurs de la première unité (4) de compresseur; un récipient (26) de collecte d'huile relié ou susceptible d'être relié à au moins un compresseur de la deuxième unité (22) de compresseur; une canalisation (36) de renvoi d'huile s'étendant entre le récipient (26) de collecte d'huile et la canalisation (34) d'équilibrage d'huile; et une canalisation (40) de pression se raccordant au récipient (26) de collecte d'huile et susceptible d'être ouverte et fermée. Si le niveau d'huile dans le récipient (26) de collecte d'huile dépasse une hauteur prédéterminée, la canalisation (40) de pression est ouverte, provoquant ainsi un écoulement d'huile du récipient (26) de collecte d'huile à la canalisation (34) d'équilibrage d'huile.
PCT/EP2010/051985 2010-02-17 2010-02-17 Système frigorifique et procédé d'équilibrage des niveaux d'huile entre les compresseurs d'un système frigorifique WO2011101029A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/051985 WO2011101029A1 (fr) 2010-02-17 2010-02-17 Système frigorifique et procédé d'équilibrage des niveaux d'huile entre les compresseurs d'un système frigorifique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/051985 WO2011101029A1 (fr) 2010-02-17 2010-02-17 Système frigorifique et procédé d'équilibrage des niveaux d'huile entre les compresseurs d'un système frigorifique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011101029A1 true WO2011101029A1 (fr) 2011-08-25

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PCT/EP2010/051985 WO2011101029A1 (fr) 2010-02-17 2010-02-17 Système frigorifique et procédé d'équilibrage des niveaux d'huile entre les compresseurs d'un système frigorifique

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105509357A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-04-20 嵊州高翔冷链设备股份有限公司 一种多用途压缩冷凝机组

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1550832A1 (fr) * 2003-12-10 2005-07-06 Linde Kältetechnik GmbH & Co.KG Système frigorifique (de type complexe) et procédé d'utilisation d'un système frigorifique (de type complexe)
WO2006015741A1 (fr) 2004-08-09 2006-02-16 Linde Kältetechnik Gmbh Circuit frigorifique et procede de fonctionnement d'un circuit frigorifique
WO2009039873A1 (fr) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Carrier Corporation Circuit de réfrigérant et procédé pour gérer de l'huile dans celui-ci

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1550832A1 (fr) * 2003-12-10 2005-07-06 Linde Kältetechnik GmbH & Co.KG Système frigorifique (de type complexe) et procédé d'utilisation d'un système frigorifique (de type complexe)
WO2006015741A1 (fr) 2004-08-09 2006-02-16 Linde Kältetechnik Gmbh Circuit frigorifique et procede de fonctionnement d'un circuit frigorifique
WO2009039873A1 (fr) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Carrier Corporation Circuit de réfrigérant et procédé pour gérer de l'huile dans celui-ci

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105509357A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-04-20 嵊州高翔冷链设备股份有限公司 一种多用途压缩冷凝机组
CN105509357B (zh) * 2015-12-30 2018-03-27 嵊州高翔冷链设备股份有限公司 一种多用途压缩冷凝机组

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