WO2011100970A2 - Système de chauffage - Google Patents

Système de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011100970A2
WO2011100970A2 PCT/DK2011/000008 DK2011000008W WO2011100970A2 WO 2011100970 A2 WO2011100970 A2 WO 2011100970A2 DK 2011000008 W DK2011000008 W DK 2011000008W WO 2011100970 A2 WO2011100970 A2 WO 2011100970A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heater
tank
panels
catalyst
heating system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2011/000008
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011100970A3 (fr
Inventor
Knud Jørgen RASMUSSEN
Knut Thorbjørn Næss RASMUSSEN
Original Assignee
Netek Ir System A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Netek Ir System A/S filed Critical Netek Ir System A/S
Priority to DK11709317.9T priority Critical patent/DK2536977T3/en
Priority to EP11709317.9A priority patent/EP2536977B1/fr
Publication of WO2011100970A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011100970A2/fr
Publication of WO2011100970A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011100970A3/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D23/00—Assemblies of two or more burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/18—Radiant burners using catalysis for flameless combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/30—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements
    • F26B3/305—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements the infrared radiation being generated by combustion or combustion gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2205/00—Assemblies of two or more burners, irrespective of fuel type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in a first aspect to a heater for generating heat by catalytic combustion of gaseous hydrocarbon.
  • the present invention relates in a second aspect to a heating system comprising one or more of such heaters.
  • the present invention relates in a third aspect to the use of the heater or the system according to the invention for drying and/or curing a coating of a coated surface of a structure.
  • the present invention relates in a fourth aspect to a method for drying and/or curing a coating of a coated surface of the interior of a tank.
  • the material which is brought to the surface is a mixture of crude oil, gas, sea water, mud, sand and gravel.
  • the crude oil In order to be able to fractionate the crude oil of this mixture into the various typically fractions, the crude oil must first be separated from the solid and the aqueous phases into a hydrocarbon fraction.
  • the tanks are usually coated on the inside and on the outside with an epoxy coating.
  • the inside coating of the tanks will be subject to abrasive actions which eventually will lead to exposure of the bare metal underneath.
  • the corrosive action will set in immediately. Accordingly, from time to time it will be necessary to recoat the interior of a tank.
  • the frequency of the necessity to recoat the interior of a tank is usually once every fourth year.
  • the full process of dismantling the piping, sandblasting the interior of the tank, cleaning the interior and application of a new internal coating and allowing this coating to cure may have a duration of seven or eight days. Although the curing process presently takes place with the aid of electrical heating, the duration of the present curing process alone may amount to six to seven days.
  • an oil production facility comprises several separation tanks
  • the shut-off of one separation tank for a whole week leads to a decreased production rate for this week.
  • the shut off of one separation tank for one day may impose a reduced production of up to 50,000 barrels of crude oil. With a price of crude oil of US$ 60 per barrel, this reduced production corresponds to a reduced turnover of US$ 21,000,000 in respect of one recoating process lasting seven days.
  • the necessity of shutting off one separation tank for seven days represents a problem for the oil company due to the huge loss in income.
  • the term "overall amount of reduced production rate” shall include the shut off time necessary when that single separation tank is shut off as well as the frequency with which that single separation tank needs to be shut off due to maintenance work.
  • the present invention relates to a heater 100 for generating heat by catalytic oxidation of gaseous hydrocarbon; said heater comprising: an arrangement 2 of one or more panels 4; wherein one or more of said panels each comprising: an enclosure 6 comprising a heat radiating front surface 8, and a back surface 10; a catalyst pad 12, said catalyst pad comprising a catalyst 14 capable of catalytically oxidising a hydrocarbon exothermically; a heat insulating material 16 arranged between said catalyst pad and said back surface; means 18 for supplying and distributing gas to said panel; characterised in that two points (P1,P2) exist on said one or more heat radiating front surfaces 8 of said one or more panels of said heater; said points (P1 ,P2) defines initial points of two normal vectors (vl,v2) respectively of said surfaces, wherein the mutual angle, a between said two normal vectors (vl,v2) lies within the range of 70 -180°.
  • the present invention relates to a heating system 200 comprising one or more of the heaters 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein said one or more heaters being mounted on an axle 22; said heating system furthermore comprising suspension means 42 for suspending said one or more heaters via suspension of said axles; said suspension means furthermore comprises attaching means 44 attaching said axle to said suspension means.
  • the present invention relates to a use of a heater 100 and/or a system 200 according the first or second aspect of the present invention for drying and/or curing a coating of a coated surface 78 of a structure or for a drying purpose in general.
  • the present invention relates to a method for drying and/or curing a coating of a coated surface of the interior of a tank by using a system 200 to the second aspect of the present invention.
  • the different aspects of the invention according to the present application have surprisingly shown to provide substantial reductions in the maintenance time necessary under which a separation tank is put out of service for recoating the interior. Furthermore, the different aspects of the invention according to the present application provide for substantially increased strengths of the applied coatings of the interior of a separation tank for use on an oil production facility.
  • the heater, the heating system and the use and the method of using the heater or the system according to the present invention provides for considerably reduced shut off periods in the situation wherein a separation tank on an oil production facility has to be taken out of service due to maintenance work in the form of recoating the interior of such a separation tank.
  • the prior art electrical heaters to a great extent provides for an indirect heating in that they heat the air present in the interior of a tank and subsequently, that air by diffusion heats the walls of the tank
  • the heater according to the first aspect and the heating system according to the second aspect of the present invention provides for a much more profound direct heating of the coating of the walls of the tank without much heating of the air inside the tank.
  • the heater provides for a heating effect resulting in the coating of the walls of the tank being heated to a temperature of above 100 °C.
  • this direct heating process will provide for a situation in which the applied coating to be cured will be cured homogenously in the sense that the interior of the coating cures approximately at the same speed as the outer parts of the coating.
  • the heater, the system, the use and the process according to the present invention provides for a complete curing during the time at which heat is provided by the heating system, i.e. during a time span of only a couple of hours.
  • This is in deep contrast to the electrical heating systems according to the prior art in which no complete curing can be accomplished during the time (up to 24 hours) at which heat is provided electrically.
  • it has been found that a not insignificant degree of curing takes place after the heating process has been terminated. A part of this curing process thus takes part after the tank has been brought into service once again.
  • the coating at this point in time is not fully cured, it is inevitably that the coating exhibits some undesirable soft characteristics, which in turn leads to faster abrasion of that partly cured coating.
  • Fig. la is a cross-sectional plan view of an arrangement of three panels of a heater according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • the three panels are arranged in an arrangement corresponding to a three-sided geometrical prism.
  • Fig lb is a perspective view of the heater of fig. la.
  • Fig. 2a is a cross-sectional plan view of an arrangement of four panels of a heater according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • the four panels are arranged in an arrangement corresponding to a four-sided geometrical prism.
  • Fig 2b is a perspective view of the heater of fig. 2a.
  • Fig. 3a is a cross-sectional plan view of an arrangement of five panels of a heater according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • the five panels are arranged in an arrangement corresponding to a five-sided geometrical prism.
  • Fig 3b is a perspective view of the heater of fig. 3a.
  • Fig. 4a is a cross-sectional plan view of an arrangement of six panels of a heater according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • the six panels are arranged in an arrangement corresponding to a six-sided geometrical prism.
  • Fig 4b is a perspective view of the heater of fig. 4a.
  • Fig. 5a is a cross-sectional plan view of an arrangement of seven panels of a heater according to a first aspect of the present invention. The seven panels are arranged in an arrangement corresponding to a seven-sided geometrical prism.
  • Fig 5b is a perspective view of the heater of fig. 5 a.
  • Fig. 6a is a cross-sectional plan view of an arrangement of seven panels of a heater according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • the seven panels are arranged in an arrangement corresponding to a seven-sided geometrical prisnx
  • Fig 6b is a perspective view of the heater of fig. 6a.
  • Fig. 7a is a cross-sectional plan view of an arrangement of a panel of a heater according to a first aspect of the present invention having a cylindrical shape.
  • Fig 7b is a perspective view of the heater of fig. 7a.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a panel making up the heater according to a first aspect of the present invention and showing various parts of that panel.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a heating system according to a first aspect comprising a heater and two beams.
  • Fig 10 is a perspective view showing an embodiment corresponding to the one of fig. 9 arranged within a tank.
  • Fig. 1 1 is a perspective view of another embodiment of heating systems according to a first aspect arranged within a tank and comprising one pivot joint and a girder.
  • Fig. 12 is a perspective view of another embodiment of heating systems according to a first aspect comprising arranged within a tank and comprising two pivot joints and a girder.
  • Fig. 13 is a depiction of simplified geometrical shapes corresponding to various configurations of arrangements of one or more panels making up a heater according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a plan view of another embodiment of a heating system according to a first aspect and comprising two pivot joints and a girder, wherein each girder is suspended in a hoist mechanism.
  • Fig. 15 is a plan view of the embodiment of the heating systems according to fig. 14 and arranged within a tank.
  • Fig. 16 is a perspective view illustrating a process of arranging a heating system within a tank by use of a wheeled cart.
  • Fig. 17 is a perspective view illustrating a wheeled cart useful for moving a heater in the process of arranging a heating system within a tank. Detailed description of the invention
  • the heater according to a first aspect of the present invention
  • the present invention relates in a first aspect to: a heater 100 for generating heat by catalytic oxidation of gaseous hydrocarbon; said heater comprising: an arrangement 2 of one or more panels 4; wherein one or more of said panels each comprising: an enclosure 6 comprising a heat radiating front surface 8, and a back surface 10; a catalyst pad 12, said catalyst pad comprising a catalyst 14 capable of catalytically oxidising a hydrocarbon exothermically; a heat insulating material 16 arranged between said catalyst pad and said back surface; means 18 for supplying and distributing gas to said panel.
  • the heater according to the first aspect according to the present invention is characterised in that two points (P1,P2) exist on said one or more heat radiating front surfaces 8 of said one or more panels of said heater; said points (P1,P2) defines initial points of two normal vectors (vl,v2) respectively of said surfaces, wherein the mutual angle, a between said two normal vectors (vl,v2) lies within the range of 70 - 180°.
  • the first aspect of the present invention relates to a heater.
  • the heater is useful for drying and curing purposes which requires that IR radiation is radiated in a wide range of different spatial directions.
  • the heater of the first aspect of the present invention comprise one or more panels.
  • the heater comprises an arrangement of panels which provides for radiation of IR electromagnetic radiation in a wide range of different spatial directions. This result may be provided by the arrangement comprising one panel, such as a one panel having a cylindrical surface. Alternatively, the heater comprises more than one panel, such as three or more panels having surfaces corresponding to a geometrical prism.
  • Fig. la, lb, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b show arrangements 2 of different configurations of the panels 4 making up the heater according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • Each panel of the heater comprises an enclosure 6 comprising a heat radiating front surface 8, and a back surface 10.
  • the enclosure may comprise a metal box wherein a substantial part of one side is lacking.
  • the enclosure thereby comprises a front surface and a back surface.
  • the front surface and the back surface of the panel are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the heat radiating front surface is that surface of the heater from which the substantial part of IR radiation emits, hence the term "heat radiating front surface".
  • the surface from which a substantial part of IR radiation emits shall be interpreted to be that surface of the panel from which 50% or more of the total intensity of IR radiation emitted from said panel emits.
  • the term "the surface from which a substantial part of IR radiation emits” shall be interpreted to mean that surface of the panel from which 55% or more, such as 60% or more, e.g. 65% or more, for example 70% or more, such as 75% or more, e.g. 80% or more, for example 85% or more, or 90% or more, such as 95% or more of the total intensity of IR radiation emitted from said panel, emits.
  • the IR radiation provided by the heater originates from a catalytically oxidation of a gaseous hydrocarbon taking place.
  • the panel comprises a catalyst pad 12.
  • the catalyst pad comprising a catalyst 14 capable of catalytically oxidising said hydrocarbon exothermically.
  • the catalyst pad preferably comprises a heat resistant material of thin, long-fibres which has been impregnated with a catalyst.
  • a heat resistant material made of mineral wool and having long fibres may prove to be a suitable material for the catalyst pad.
  • the catalyst pad preferably defines a surface which is arranged in a metal box (making up the enclosure of the panel) wherein a substantial part of one side is lacking in such a way that the lacking part of the one side of the metal box exposes the catalyst pad.
  • the panel comprises a heat insulating material 16 arranged between said catalyst pad and said back surface.
  • the heat insulating material 16 may be replaced by a reflecting surface provided on the inside of the enclosure of the panel.
  • a reflecting surface may provide reflection of the electromagnetic IR radiation emitted on the surface of the catalyst in such a way that the electromagnetic IR radiation directed towards the inside of the enclosure eventually will be reflected so as to emit from the inside of the enclosure in a direction passing the heat radiating front surface, thereby reducing the heat dissipated in the material of the enclosure and thereby increasing the intensity of electromagnetic IR radiation emitted through the heat radiating front surface.
  • such a reflecting surface provided on the inside of the enclosure of the panel may be combined with a heat insulating material 16.
  • the panel of the heater comprises means for supplying and distributing gas to said panel. Accordingly a hydrocarbon gas can be supplied to a panel of the heater of the first aspect and that gas can be distributed inside said panel with the view to present on the heat radiating surface where it will come into contact with the catalyst.
  • Fig. 8 shows a panel 4 for use in the heater 200 according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the panel comprises an enclosure 6 having a back surface 10 and a heat radiating front surface 8.
  • the enclosure comprising a catalyst pad 12 impregnated with a catalyst, a heat insulation material 16 and tubing 18 for supplying and distributing a gaseous hydrocarbon within the catalyst pad.
  • the heater comprises the technical feature that: two points (P1 ,P2) exist on said one or more heat radiating front surfaces 8 of said one or more panels of said heater; said points (P1,P2) defines initial points of two normal vectors (vl,v2) respectively of said surfaces, wherein the mutual angle, a between said two normal vectors (vl,v2) lies within the range of 70 - 180°.
  • the heater according to the first aspect of the present invention is capable of radiating heat in the form of IR radiation in at least two different direction, viz. the direction of vector vl and the direction of vector v2 respectively, wherein the mutual angle between these two directions lies within the range of 70 - 180°.
  • the heat in the form of the IR radiation will radiate in a more dispersed manner because the IR radiation typically will spread out in an emission angle of approximately 21° on each side of the normal vector (vl or v2) of the heat emitting surface. At angles greater than approximately 21° on each side of the normal vector (vl or v2) of the heat emitting surface, it has been found that the IR radiation is emitted in a more diffuse manner.
  • the heater according to the first aspect of the present invention is very well suited for curing newly applied coatings, such as epoxy coatings inside a tank, e.g. a separation tank for an oil production facility because it provides for faster curing of the coating as well as improved tensile strength and thus improved quality of the applied coating.
  • the heater according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises the feature that three points (P1,P2,P3) exist on said one or more heat radiating front surfaces 8 of said one or more panels of said heater; said points (P1,P2,P3) defines initial points of three normal vectors (vl,v2,v3) respectively of said heat radiating front surfaces, wherein the mutual angle, a between any two of said three normal vectors (vl,v2,v3) lies within the range of 70 -180°.
  • Fig. 13 shows that three points (P1,P2,P3) being initial points of normal vectors (vl,v2,v3) exist on the sides of such geometrical shapes in such a way that the mutual angle a, between any two of these three vectors (vl,v2,v3) lies within the range of 70 -180°.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the radiating heat in the form of IR radiation will be radiated in at least three different directions, viz. the direction of vector vl, the direction of vector v2, and the direction of vector v3 respectively. In this way the heat in the form of IR radiation can be radiated in directions spanning a range of at least 140° (70° + 70°). Such an embodiment will provide for even better curing when the heater is used for curing a coating of the interior of a tank because the spatial distribution of radiating IR electromagnetic waves are spread even more.
  • the mutual angle, a between the two vectors (vl,v2) or between any two of the three vectors (vl,v2,v3) of the heat radiating surfaces of the heater according to the first aspect of the present invention lies within the range of 70 - 175°, such as 75 - 170°, for example 80 - 165°, such as 85 - 160°, e.g. 90 - 155°, such as 95 - 150°, for example 100 - 145°, such as 105 - 140°, such as 1 10 - 135°, such as 1 15 - 130°, for example 120 - 125°.
  • 70 - 175° such as 75 - 170°
  • 80 - 165° such as 85 - 160°
  • 90 - 155° such as 95 - 150°
  • 100 - 145° such as 105 - 140°
  • 1 10 - 135° such as 1 15 - 130°, for example 120 - 125°.
  • the mutual angle, a. between the two vectors (vl,v2) or between any two of the three vectors (vl,v2,v3) of the heat radiating surfaces of the heater according to the first aspect of the present invention lies within the range of 70 - 160°. Examples of arrangements of panels having this configuration are shown in Fig. la, lb, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b.
  • the panels 4 are arranged around a central axis 20. Examples of arrangements of panels having this
  • Fig. la lb, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b.
  • the heater according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises an axle.
  • Such an embodiment provides for the possibility to have the heater making rotational movements, thereby improving the evenness of the spatial distribution of the IR radiation.
  • the axle is essentially coinciding with a central axis 20 of said heater.
  • the. panels 4 of the heater are arranged in an arrangement 2 essentially corresponding to the sides of a geometrical prism. This embodiment provides for an even spatial distribution of the radiated electromagnetic IR waves.
  • the geometrical prism is a polygonal prism having n sides, wherein n is 3 or more, such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
  • n is 3 or more, such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
  • the catalyst 14 comprises or consists of a metal selected from the group comprising: platinum, palladium and rhodium, vanadium and iridium.
  • Such metal/alloys have shown to be capable of efficiently catalytically oxidising a gaseous hydrocarbon in the desired way.
  • one or more of said panels 4 are provided with preheating means 24, such as electrical preheating means, in order to facilitate initiation of the catalytically oxidation of the hydrocarbon by virtue of activation of the catalyst.
  • said preheating means are capable of heating the catalyst pad to a temperature of approximately 110 °C in case the hydrocarbon gas is propane and of approximately 160 °C in case the hydrocarbon gas is natural gas or methane.
  • the heater according to the first aspect of the present invention itself or one or more of said panels 4 making up the heater is provided with safety shut off gas valve(s) 26.
  • a valve enables shutting. off the supply of gas to the panel or the heater in case of e.g. a malfunction which may otherwise result in overheating of the panel(s).
  • one or more of the heat radiating front surfaces 8 of the heater are planer or having a curved geometrical shape, e.g. a shape corresponding to part of a cylinder surface. An example of such an embodiment is shown in fig. 7a and 7b.
  • a planer heat radiating front surface of the panel provides for easier and less expensive manufacturing costs. However, if the heat radiating front surfaces are curved, still more increased dispersion angels of the emitted electromagnetic IR waves can be obtained.
  • the means for supplying gas 18 comprises tubing 32 and/or manifolds 34 of the heater.
  • The, tubing and/or manifolds provide for delivery of the gaseous hydrocarbon.
  • the means for distributing gas 18 comprises tubing 36 and/or one or more perforated distribution plates 38 arranged in the heater.
  • Fig. 8 shows such a panel comprising tubing 36.
  • Such an embodiment provides for very good distribution of the gaseous hydrocarbon in the catalyst mat.
  • the distribution plate may comprise a plate-like structure having an inlet for supply of gaseous hydrocarbon. Furthermore the distribution plate is perforated with a number of tiny holes which allows the gas to be distributed into the catalyst mat, whereafter it will flow to the heat radiating surface of the panel. On its way to the heat radiating surface of the panel or on said heat radiating surface the gas will meet a catalyst material, such as platinum, onto which it will be broken down to carbon dioxide and water under the evolution of heat. It is preferred that also the tubing supplying gas to said distribution plate; or taking the place of a distribution plate is provided with perforation holes for better distribution of the gas.
  • one or more of said one or more heaters further comprising ventilation means for supplying air from the surroundings into the enclosure of the one or more of said panels.
  • the ventilation means may comprise one or more ventilators and/or the ventilation means may be arranged on the back surface(s) of the corresponding panel.
  • Other ventilation means may be used with the same effect.
  • one or more of said panels have a design in which the gaseous
  • hydrocarbon is supplied to a heat radiating front surface 8 which is gas permeable.
  • said one or more of said panels comprising a temperature sensor 28, such as a thermocouple for measuring the temperature at a predefined point of said one or more panels.
  • said one or more of said panels having individually controllable regulation means 30 for individually regulating the supply of gaseous hydrocarbon to said one or more panels.
  • Such regulation means may regulate individually the supply of gaseous hydrocarbon to each panel itself, or it may regulate individually the supply of gaseous
  • hydrocarbon to more than one panel, such as e.g. the panel making up one heater.
  • the regulation may take place on the basis of the temperature of the panel and/or on the temperature of the heat radiating front surface(s) of one or more of such panels.
  • the panel is provided with a heat insulating material 16 arranged between said catalyst pad and said back surface.
  • the heat insulating material 16 is selected from the group comprising mineral wool and or glass wool. Such material are inexpensive, easy to handle, and provides for excellent heat insulation.
  • Fig. 8 shows such a panel comprising a heat insulating material 16.
  • the catalyst pad 12 comprises fibrous mat(s) impregnated with said catalyst.
  • the catalyst pad 12 is arranged between said heat radiating front surface 8 and said back surface 10.
  • one or more of the panels with means for protection 40 of the heat radiating front surface against impact.
  • Such means for protection may be in the form of a metal lattice.
  • the heater comprising one or more panels of the above specified kind can easily be assembled from the parts making up the heater, i.e. the enclosure(s), the catalyst pad comprising the catalyst, the heat insulation material, the means for supplying and distributing gas. Individually panels may be fixed to one another with brackets or any other suitable means for assembling the panels.
  • the panels per se are commercially available, one may decide to purchase the panels and assemble such panels into the desired configuration of the heater.
  • the panels per se are commercially available from Netek IR System A/S, Mariager DK-9550, Denmark. Suitable panels are the panels from Netek IR System A/S having the product Nos.
  • the standard panels from Netek IR system A/S and having the following product numbers are very suitable for use as a heater according to the first aspect of the present invention: Model 6.6, Model 6.24, Model 8.8, Model 8.40, Model 8.51, Model 12.12, Model 12.24, Model 12.24, Model 12.36, Model 12.48, Model 12.60, Model 15.30, Model 16.40, Model 16.51 , Model 18.24, Model 18.36, Model 18. 48, Model 18.60, Model 18.72, Model 24.24, Model 24.30, Model 24.36, Model 24.48, Model 24.60, Model 24.72.
  • the heater according to the first aspect of the present invention for the curing of a coating inside a tank, it is preferred to use the heater in the form of a heating system.
  • the present invention relates to a heating system 200 comprising one or more of the heaters 100 according to the first aspect, wherein said one or more heaters being mounted on an axle 22; said heating system furthermore comprising suspension means 42 for suspending said one or more heaters via suspension of said axle(s); said suspension means furthermore comprises attaching means 44 attaching said axle to said suspension means.
  • the axle of the heating system provides for suspending one or more heaters on suspension means.
  • the suspension means serves the purpose of holding the one or more heaters in the desired position in the interior of a tank which is to be subjected to the heating effect of the heaters.
  • the axle is attached to the suspension means by means of attaching means.
  • the attaching means may be a bearing or the like which allows for rotational movement of the axle and hence the heater inside the tank.
  • the axle of the system may comprise a common axle or may comprise separate axles, which in turn may or may not be connected to each other.
  • Fig. 9, 10, 1 1 and 12 shows examples of the heating system according to the present invention.
  • the suspension means 42 comprises one or more beams 46 having fixing means 48 for being releasable fixed in the interior of a tank.
  • This embodiment of the heating system of the second aspect of the present invention is shown in fig. 9, 10 and 15.
  • one or more beams are releasably fixed to e.g. opposite sides of the tank's interior.
  • one or more heaters according to the first aspect of the present invention is lowered into the tanks interior. Inside the tank one or more axles is provided to the heater(s) if not already present on the heater(s). Then, the heather is attached to the one or more beams by attaching means which suitably may be one or more bearings or the like.
  • this embodiment of the system according to the second aspect of the present invention provides for a very simple set-up in the process of heating the interior of a tank, such as a separation tank used on an oil production facility with the view to cure a newly applied coating, such as an epoxy coating.
  • said fixing means 48 of said heating system according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises a telescopic arrangement 50 of the beam(s).
  • Fig. 9 shows one type of a telescopic arrangement 50 of the beams 46.
  • said fixing means 48 of said heating system comprises threads 52 for adjusting the lengths of said beams.
  • said fixing means comprises magnet(s) 54 arranged at the ends of said beams.
  • said fixing means comprises beams having tapered ends 56.
  • the heating system comprises 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 heaters 100. Examples of such arrangements of panels are shown in fig. Fig. la, lb, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 7a and 7b. In theory however, there is no limit on the number heaters applicable in the system.
  • the attaching means comprises one or more bearings 58.
  • An example of such an embodiment is shown in fig. 10.
  • axle(s) that attach the axle(s) to the beam(s) have proven very beneficial.
  • other means for attaching the axle(s) to the beam(s) may be used instead.
  • Such means may simply comprise U-shaped brackets attached to the beam(s) and having the opening (of the U-shape) pointing upward, wherein the axle may rest so as to prevent a transverse displacement of said axle during a heating process.
  • the heating system comprises one heater, wherein said heater is fixed on an axle 22; and wherein said axle is mounted in a bearing 58, said bearing being connected to a first end 60 of a first pivot joint 62, wherein a second end 64 of said first pivot joint 60 is connected to a girder 66 for lowering into the interior of a tank. Examples of such an embodiment are shown in fig. 11, 12, 14 and 15.
  • a heater mounted on an axle which in turn is connected to a girder is lowered into the tank's interior by lowering the girder into the tank.
  • the axle is mounted in a bearing which allows for a rotational movement of the heater of the heating system.
  • the bearing is connected to a first end of a pivot joint.
  • the second end of the pivot joint is connected to the girder. The pivot joint allows for arranging the heater in the desired orientation within the tank.
  • this embodiment of the system according to the second aspect of the present invention provides for a very simple set-up in the process of heating the interior of a tank, such as a separation tank used on an oil production facility with the view to cure a newly applied coating, such as an epoxy coating.
  • a newly applied coating such as an epoxy coating.
  • the bearing may be omitted.
  • the axle is directly connected to a first end of said first pivot joint.
  • this heating system comprises a second pivot joint 68 which is arranged between said second end 64 of the first pivot joint 60 and said girder 66. Examples of such an embodiment are shown in fig. 12, 14 and 15.
  • said first pivot joint 60 and said second pivot joint 68 being arranged in mutual positions allowing for at least being able to make pivoting movements essentially in the same plane.
  • Such arrangements provide for better flexibility in arranging the heater in the desired orientation within the tank.
  • the heating system comprises means for automatically pivoting said one or more of said pivot joints.
  • Such means for automatically pivoting said one or more of said pivot joints may inter alia comprise pneumatic actuators, electrical motors or hydraulic systems.
  • the heating system comprising pivot joints furthermore comprises a hoist mechanism 70 for lowering and raising the heater into and out of the interior of a tank 72. Examples of such an embodiment are shown in fig. 14 and 15.
  • the heating In order to obtain a better spatial distribution of the electromagnetic IR waves, it will be preferred to provide the heating with an actuator for providing rotating the heater(s) around its/their corresponding axle(s). This applies whether the system is an embodiment comprising the beam(s) or is an embodiment comprising the girder.
  • the actuator is able to rotate the axle(s) in an unrestricted number of degrees in one or in both directions.
  • the actuator for rotating the heater(s) around its axle allows for a movement of the axle in one or both direction of 10 - 180°, such as 20 - 170°, e.g. 30 - 160°, such as 40 - 150°, for example 50 - 140°, such as 60 - 130°, e.g. 70 - 120°, such as 80 - 110°, such as 90 - 100°.
  • the actuator 74 may inter alia be an electrical motor, a pneumatic motor or a hydraulic motor.
  • said heating system further comprising automatically controlling means 76 for controlling the supply of gaseous hydrocarbon on the basis of e.g. a temperature, such as a temperature on the heat radiating front surface of one or more of the panels.
  • Such an embodiment allows for controlling the amount of energy in the form of IR radiation emitted from the heat radiating from surfaces of one or more of the panels of the heating system.
  • the present invention relates to use of a heater 100 according to the first aspect and/or a system 200 according to the second aspect for drying and/or curing a coating of a coated surface 78 of a structure or for a drying purpose in general.
  • the use relates to drying and/or curing a coating of a coated surface 78 of a tank, such as a separation tank of an oil production facility.
  • the use relates to drying and/or curing a coating of an inner surface 78 of a tank, such as a separation tank of an oil production facility.
  • the present invention relates to a method for drying and/or curing a coating of a coated surface of the interior of a tank by using a heating system 200 according to the second aspect of the present invention.
  • the fourth aspect may relate to a method for drying and/or curing a coating of a coated surface of the interior of a tank either by using a heating system in the embodiment where the heating system comprises one or more beams or in the embodiment where the heating system comprises a pivot joint and a girder.
  • the heating system comprises one or more beams or in the embodiment where the heating system comprises a pivot joint and a girder.
  • the method according to the fourth aspect makes use of the embodiment of the heating system comprising beams for suspending the heater.
  • the method comprises the following steps: i) releasably fixing the suspension means 42 comprising one or more beams 46 to at least one surface 78 of the interior of said tank; ii) attaching the axle 22 of each of the heaters to at least one attaching means 44 of said suspension means; iii) optionally preheating the catalyst 14 of the catalyst pad 12 of at least one of the heaters 100 in order to facilitate a catalytic reaction of said catalyst by activation of said catalyst; iv) supplying a stream of gaseous hydrocarbon to said catalyst pad 12; v) optionally performing rotational movements of the axle 22 of at least on of the heaters 100 in order to obtain, in the space making up the interior of the tank, an improved spatial distribution of the IR electromagnetic waves emitted from the heat radiating front surface(s) 8 of the corresponding heater 100.
  • a wheeled cart 80 is temporarily arranged within the tank 72 for moving the heater into the desired position.
  • a method according to this embodiment is illustrated in Fig. 16.
  • the stresses exerted on a worker's body is reduced in that he can move the heater on a cart instead of carrying the cart within the tank's interior.
  • An example of the cart itself is depicted in fig. 17.
  • the method according to the fourth aspect makes use of the embodiment of the heating system comprising girders and pivot joints.
  • the method comprises the following steps: a) lowering the girder 66 comprising the heater 100 into the interior of said tank; b) optionally pivoting the one or the two pivot joints 62,68 in order to adjust the orientation of the heater; c) optionally preheating the catalyst 14 of the catalyst pad 12 of at least one of the heaters 100 in order to facilitate a catalytic reaction of said catalyst by activation of said catalyst 14; d) supplying a stream of gaseous hydrocarbon to said catalyst pad; e) optionally performing rotational movements of the axle 22 of at least on of the heaters in order to obtain, in the space making up the interior of the tank, an improved spatial distribution of the IR electromagnetic waves emitted from the heat radiating front surface(s) 8 of the corresponding heater 100.
  • FIG. 12 A method according to this embodiment is illustrated in Fig. 12.
  • air is supplied to the tanks interior by one end of a venting hose 82 being arranged in the tank's interior, and by the other end of said venting hose being connected to a running ventilator 84 thereby supplying air to the interior of said tank 72.
  • a coating being a polymer coating, such as an epoxy coating, a polyurethane coating, an acrylic coating, a coating of a non-aqueous-solvent based lacquer or a coating of an aqueous-solvent based lacquer.
  • a polymer coating such as an epoxy coating, a polyurethane coating, an acrylic coating, a coating of a non-aqueous-solvent based lacquer or a coating of an aqueous-solvent based lacquer.
  • the following examples illustrate methods of coating and drying/curing of an epoxy coating applied to a metal surface.
  • the drying/curing process took place outside at a surrounding air temperature of approximately 0 °C.
  • Example 1 Manufacture of a heater according to the present invention
  • This example illustrates a heating system according to the present invention having a preferred configuration.
  • the heating system of this example was made up of four heaters which were arranged "in line" on separate axles by connecting these axles.
  • Each heater comprised four panels each measuring approximately 1530 mm in length and 305 mm in width and 60 mm in depth.
  • the four panels of each heater were arranged in a configuration corresponding to four-sided geometrical prism.
  • Each panel was of a type commercially available as Infracat 12.60 EX from Netek IR System A/S, Manager, DK-9550, Denmark.
  • the heater comprised two end plates carrying an axle wherein the four panels were attached to the end plates via brackets.
  • Example 2a Coating of the interior of a separation tank according to the prior art
  • a separation tank on an oil production facility was detached from all its supply lines and attached piping etc.
  • the separation tank had an essentially cylindrical form having convex ends (as seen from the outside).
  • the dimension of the separation tank was: length: 9000 mm and diameter: 3000 mm.
  • the interior's original coating was sandblasted so as to remove said original coating. Subsequently a new coating was applied by traditional roll application.
  • the new coating was an epoxy coat of the type Chesterton ARC 855 HT from the supplier Chesterton.
  • the Chesterton ARC 855 HT is available from Jakob Albertsen Komposit A/S, Denmark.
  • the de-moisturiser was of the type electric regenerative rotational de-moisturiser having a capacity of 5,000 m dry air/h and an effect of 44 kW.
  • the heater was an electrical heater having an effect of 45 kW.
  • the de-moisturized and heated air was blown into the tanks interior via a venting hose.
  • the tank was left for heating and de-moisturisation for 3 - 4 days at a maximum obtainable coating temperature of 20 °C.
  • the venting hose of the heater and de-moisturiser was removed from the tank's interior.
  • Example 2b Preparing tests plates for pull-off tests of steel plates coated in a process corresponding to that of Example 2a
  • a number of removable steel plates made of the same material as the steel tank of Example 2a were subjected to the same cleaning, coating and curing process as the ones performed in Example 2a. Subsequently, the applied coating of the steel plates was subjected to pull-off tests according to the ISO 4624 standard.
  • Example 3a Coating of the interior of a separation tank according to the present invention
  • Example 2a was repeated up to and including the step of application of the epoxy coating. Thereafter, a heating system according to the present invention of the type which is depicted in Fig. 9 was installed in the interior of the tank. Gas hoses and wires for electrical controlling and for supplying electrical power to the preheaters to the system were installed as well. The preheaters were switched on and allowed for heating for 10 minutes. Thereafter the supply of propane was initiated. The desired operation temperature of 60 - 90 °C (as measured on the coating of the interior walls of the tank) was reached within 5 minutes.
  • the actuators of the system were switched on so as to achieve a back-and-forth-like rotational movement of the heaters of the system in a rotational window
  • the thickness of the coating was subsequently controlled and the spots on the interior wall, where the system had occupied a little bit of the surface of the walls and thereby shadowed for full IR radiation of the tank were marked. Subsequently, these markings were coated with the same type of epoxy coating by the same application means.
  • the heating system was once again mounted in the tank's interior; this time in a position where the suspensions means did not shadow the newly applied coating.
  • the start-up procedure of the heating system was repeated and the heating was commenced for 1 hour at a desired operation temperature of 60 - 90 °C (as measured on the coating of the interior walls of the tank). Finally, the heating system was shut off and removed from the tank's interior.
  • Example 3b Preparing tests plates for pull-off of steel plates coated in a process corresponding to that of Example 3a
  • a number of removeable steel plates made of the same material as the steel tank of Example 2a and 3a were subjected to the same cleaning, coating and curing process as the ones performed in Example 3 a. Subsequently, the applied coating of the steel plates were subjected to pull-off tests according to the ISO 4624 standard.
  • the pull-off tests performed on the coated steel plates cured according to the present invention exhibited an improved strength of approximately 30%.
  • This improved strength of the coating obtained by the use and the method according to the third and the fourth aspect of the present invention obviously implies improved abrasive resistance against the rough condition encountered during a separation process on an oil production facility.
  • the heater and the heating system according to the first and second aspect of the present invention provides for huge savings in terms of reduced loss of production rate on an oil production facility due to highly shortened shut-off time of the separation tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de chauffage, un système de chauffage, l'utilisation d'un tel système de chauffage pour traiter thermiquement un revêtement, et un procédé pour traiter thermiquement un revêtement. L'élément de chauffage (100) génère de la chaleur par oxydation catalytique d'hydrocarbure gazeux ; et ledit élément de chauffage comprend : un agencement (2) d'un ou de plusieurs panneaux (4) ; ledit ou lesdits panneaux comprenant chacun : une enceinte (6) qui comprend une surface avant à rayonnement thermique (8), et une surface arrière (10) ; une plage de catalyseur (12), ladite plage de catalyseur comprenant un catalyseur (14) capable d'oxyder un hydrocarbure de façon catalytique et exothermique ; un matériau isolant thermique (16) agencé entre ladite plage de catalyseur et ladite surface arrière ; des moyens (18) pour fournir et distribuer du gaz audit panneau. L'élément de chauffage est caractérisé en ce que deux points (P1, P2) existent sur ladite ou lesdites surfaces avant à rayonnement thermique (8) dudit ou desdits panneaux dudit élément de chauffage ; lesdits points (P1, P2) définissent des points initiaux de deux vecteurs normaux (v1, v2) respectivement desdites surfaces, l'angle mutuel, α, entre lesdits deux vecteurs normaux (v1, v2) se trouvant au sein de la plage de 70 à 180 °. La présente invention concerne également un système de chauffage qui comprend un ou plusieurs tels éléments de chauffage. En outre, la présente invention concerne l'utilisation de l'élément de chauffage ou du système pour sécher et/ou traiter thermiquement un revêtement d'une surface de revêtement d'une structure et un procédé pour sécher et/ou traiter thermiquement un revêtement.
PCT/DK2011/000008 2010-02-16 2011-02-16 Système de chauffage WO2011100970A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK11709317.9T DK2536977T3 (en) 2010-02-16 2011-02-16 Use of a catalytic heating device for drying and / or curing
EP11709317.9A EP2536977B1 (fr) 2010-02-16 2011-02-16 Utilisation d'un chauffage catalytique pour sécher et/ou durcir

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA201000130A DK177389B1 (en) 2010-02-16 2010-02-16 A heating system
DKPA201000130 2010-02-16

Publications (2)

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WO2011100970A2 true WO2011100970A2 (fr) 2011-08-25
WO2011100970A3 WO2011100970A3 (fr) 2013-01-03

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013174383A1 (fr) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-28 Mærsk Olie Og Gas As Séchage et cuisson sur site de systèmes de peinture utilisant des radiateurs à infrarouge catalytiques

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB503027A (en) 1936-10-14 1939-03-30 Munk & Schmitz Ag Improvements in and relating to the lining of vats and tanks

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5992409A (en) * 1996-12-02 1999-11-30 Catalytic Systems Technologies Ltd. Catalytic radiant tube heater and method for its use
FR2791419B1 (fr) * 1999-03-25 2001-05-04 Sunkiss Aeronautique Equipement d'emission surfacique d'un rayonnement infra-rouge, du type tunnel, comportant des dispositifs de combustion catalytique
US20090053664A1 (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-02-26 Csps Metal Company Ltd. Catalytic patio heater

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB503027A (en) 1936-10-14 1939-03-30 Munk & Schmitz Ag Improvements in and relating to the lining of vats and tanks

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013174383A1 (fr) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-28 Mærsk Olie Og Gas As Séchage et cuisson sur site de systèmes de peinture utilisant des radiateurs à infrarouge catalytiques
DK178004B1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2015-02-23 Mærsk Olie Og Gas As On-site drying and curing of paint systems using catalytic infrared radiators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2536977T3 (en) 2015-07-13
DK177389B1 (en) 2013-03-04
DK201000130A (en) 2011-08-17
WO2011100970A3 (fr) 2013-01-03
EP2536977B1 (fr) 2015-04-08
EP2536977A2 (fr) 2012-12-26

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