WO2011098066A1 - Bougie d'allumage et procédé d'allumage par plasma de mélanges contenant un combustible, en particulier dans des turbines et des moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage et procédé d'allumage par plasma de mélanges contenant un combustible, en particulier dans des turbines et des moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011098066A1
WO2011098066A1 PCT/DE2011/000098 DE2011000098W WO2011098066A1 WO 2011098066 A1 WO2011098066 A1 WO 2011098066A1 DE 2011000098 W DE2011000098 W DE 2011000098W WO 2011098066 A1 WO2011098066 A1 WO 2011098066A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ignition
spark plug
coil
plug according
electrode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2011/000098
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Goldammer
Original Assignee
Stefan Goldammer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE201010000349 external-priority patent/DE102010000349B3/de
Priority claimed from DE201010016744 external-priority patent/DE102010016744A1/de
Application filed by Stefan Goldammer filed Critical Stefan Goldammer
Priority to EP11717926A priority Critical patent/EP2561589A1/fr
Publication of WO2011098066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011098066A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug and a method for plasma ignition of fuel-containing mixtures, in particular in internal combustion engines and turbines.
  • DE 100 37 536 C2 which describes such a spark plug and such a method, states that a high proportion of excited molecules requires atoms or radicals which are provided by a conventional ignition spark for effective ignition, in particular of lean mixtures.
  • a conventional spark is a sheet break between electrodes that leads to a predominantly thermal plasma.
  • the relevant engine raw emissions NOx, HC, CO, particles
  • This object should be achieved in the known system by means of a pulsed high-frequency discharge in a plasma field discharge, wherein the discharge takes place between dielectrically coated electrodes in order to produce a nonequilibrium plasma.
  • This has the disadvantage of a high design effort, an additional complicated handling of high-frequency technology and ignition voltage isolation at too low efficiency and has therefore not prevailed in practice.
  • EP 0 172 954 B1 describes a plasma jet ignition device having an ignition space, an apparatus for discharging electric energy to generate plasma radicals in the ignition space, and a device for generating a magnetic field in the ignition space, the magnetic field serving to to exert on the generated plasma radicals a driving force which drives the plasma radicals from the ignition space into the combustion chamber containing the fuel mixture.
  • the ignition space is connected via a connecting channel to a storage for gaseous plasma material.
  • the device for discharging electric energy contains a rod-shaped center electrode arranged on an axis of the ignition space and an annular ground electrode surrounding this center electrode.
  • the device for generating the magnetic field contains a magnetic field coil embedded in a ceramic cap, which surrounds the ignition space.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a comparison with the known plasma jet ignition devices simplified spark plug for plasma ignition of fuel-containing mixtures.
  • a center electrode and a ground electrode having spark plug for plasma ignition of fuel mixtures characterized by at least one connected to one end to ground, made of electrically conductive material existing coil, the other end in a skip the spark enabling distance from the center electrode is located and forms the ground electrode, and that the coil is arranged in the region of the ignition space such that during each ignition process at least one magnetic field is generated in order to effect a volumetric expansion of a Zündplasma plasma.
  • stray plasma coil From the non-equilibrium plasmas achieved by means of the coil, which may also be referred to as a stray plasma coil, results in an increased concentration of activated molecules, atoms and ionized radicals. Also associated with this is a high concentration of secondary radicals which provide increased volumetric increased presence of radicals in the fuel mixture and also achieve reliable ignition of lean fuel mixtures.
  • the center electrode is associated with at least two coils directed radially outward with their axes, the additional effect is produced that molecular orientation of the fuels takes place, which changes the conductivity and ignites the various gases at several locations in the combustion chamber.
  • the alignment can be influenced and various effects arise.
  • the non-equilibrium plasmas achieved by means of the coils result in an increased concentration of activated molecules, atoms and ionized radicals. This is also associated with a high concentration of secondary radicals, which ensure an increased volumetric expanded presence of radicals in the mixture and also achieve reliable ignition of lean mixtures.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the device or spark plug according to the invention are dealt with in subclaims 3 to 15.
  • Figure 1 shows an enlarged view in fragmentary form the upper end of a spark plug with a central electrode associated coil.
  • FIG. 2 corresponds to the representation of FIG. 1 with additionally indicated magnetic field.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the spark plug system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Figure 4 shows an enlarged view in fragmentary form the upper end of a spark plug with two of the center electrode associated coils.
  • FIG. 5 shows a side view of a modified embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the system shown in FIG.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show schematically illustrated coil systems with three or six coils whose axes are each at uniform angular intervals of each other.
  • Figure 9 shows a side view of a standard spark plug according to the invention in the region of the upper end of the center electrode associated with two coils.
  • the standard spark plug 1 shown in FIG. 9 is associated with two coils connected to ground in the ignition region of the center electrode 2, as will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6.
  • the screw-in thread 4 and the center electrode 2 are shown in a simplified representation.
  • the center electrode 2 projects into the interior of a coil 3 made of electrically conductive material, which is wound onto an insulating cylinder 7.
  • the ignition electrode of the center electrode 2 is located in a skipping of a spark enabling distance from the upper coil end, which is wound to form a second ignition contact ring pole end 3.1, whose diameter smaller than the winding diameter of the coil 3.
  • the other end of the coil is connected by means of a conductor 3.2 is connected to ground.
  • the axis of the coil 3 is in the extension of the spark plug and the central electrode axis.
  • the center electrode 12 surrounded by an insulating cylinder 16 is assigned two coils 13 directed radially outwards with their axes, the outer ends of which are connected to earth by means of the conductors 13. 2 and whose inner ends are connected to a common, the center electrode 12 are connected at a distance opposite ignition contact, which is formed by a lying in the extension of the central electrode axis pole ring 13.1.
  • the center electrode 22 has at its upper end two radially outwardly directed electrode branches 22.1 whose ends lie within two coils 23 directed radially outwards with their axes, the inner ends of which are connected to earth by means of the conductors 23.2.
  • the outer ends of the coils 23 have the form of ignition contacts forming ring pole ends 23.1, whose diameter is smaller than the coil diameter.
  • the inner ends of the coils 23 are connected by means of conductors 23.2 to ground.
  • the coils 23 are wound on insulating cylinder 27.
  • the center electrode 22 is surrounded by an insulating cylinder 26.
  • the coil system comprises three coils 13 whose axes are at an angular distance of 120 °.
  • six coils 13 are provided, whose axes are at an angular distance of 60 °.
  • the outer coil ends are connected to ground, while the inner coil ends are connected to a common pole ring 13.1, which forms the center electrode as the ignition electrode located axially at a distance from each other.
  • the coils are preferably made of a material selected from the group of nickel-manganese-silicon alloys, chromium-steel, nickel-barium and nickel-palladium alloys, platinum or, preferably, tungsten.
  • the coils are preferably wound from a wire having a diameter D4 between 0.3 mm and 1.2 mm.
  • the outer diameter D1 of each coil preferably has a value between 3 mm and 10 mm, while the inner diameter of the coil D2 has a value between 2.4 mm and 7.6 mm.
  • the outer diameter D3 of the ring pole ends is determined by the inner diameter D2 of the respective coils.
  • the coils may preferably be cast at least partially into a body of highly insulating, temperature-resistant material.
  • each coil may preferably be wound in a conical or multi-layer insulated manner.
  • the ignition system uses the ignition current, which flashes during a HV ignition discharge between the modified ignition contacts, in order to build up a pulsed magnetic field in one or more coils mounted on the spark plug head, that a) additionally accelerates the charge carriers present in the discharge plasma, b ) increases the reaction kinetics among the charge carriers in the plasma,
  • the released charge carriers energize the fuel mixture and one achieves a better utilization of the energy yield of the fuel mixture.
  • Tests carried out and test measurements have shown a fuel consumption reduction of 30% and a reduction of exhaust emissions by more than 80%.
  • the values D1 for the outer diameter of the pulse plasma coil are preferably between 3 mm and 10 mm.
  • a coil inner diameter D2 between 2.4 mm and 7.6 mm is calculated.
  • the arrangement, the number of coil turns, the shape (also conical as shown in Figure 8) and the length H of a pulse-plasma coil is variable and depends on the particular application.
  • the field lines of the magnetic fields constructed by means of the coils extend in the direction of the arrow, whereby the position of the north pole N and the south pole S according to the invention are also determined.
  • the center electrode consists of a multicore twisted material structure, which is geometricallywelspleist at the end according to the arrangement of the pulse plasma coils.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Le but de l'invention est d'augmenter le rendement lors de l'allumage par plasma de mélanges contenant un combustible, en particulier dans des turbines et des moteurs à combustion interne, en soumettant des particules ou un plasma à l'influence d'un champ magnétique. A cet effet, on crée au moins un champ magnétique dans la zone de la chambre d'allumage pendant chaque processus d'allumage afin d'entraîner une augmentation de volume d'un plasma généré par une étincelle d'allumage, en faisant appel à une bougie d'allumage munie d'une électrode centrale (2) et d'au moins une bobine (3) en matériau électroconducteur, qui est raccordée à la masse par une de ses extrémités et dont l'autre extrémité formant un contact d'allumage faisant office d'électrode de masse se situe à une distance de l'électrode centrale qui permet de faire jaillir une étincelle d'allumage.
PCT/DE2011/000098 2010-02-10 2011-02-03 Bougie d'allumage et procédé d'allumage par plasma de mélanges contenant un combustible, en particulier dans des turbines et des moteurs à combustion interne WO2011098066A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11717926A EP2561589A1 (fr) 2010-02-10 2011-02-03 Bougie d'allumage et procédé d'allumage par plasma de mélanges contenant un combustible, en particulier dans des turbines et des moteurs à combustion interne

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010000349.2 2010-02-10
DE201010000349 DE102010000349B3 (de) 2010-02-10 2010-02-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Plasmazündung brennstoffhaltiger Gemische, insbesondere in Verbrennungsmotoren und -turbinen
DE201010016744 DE102010016744A1 (de) 2010-05-03 2010-05-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Plasmazündung brennstoffhaltiger Gemische, insbesondere in Verbrennungsmotoren und -turbinen
DE102010016744.4 2010-05-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011098066A1 true WO2011098066A1 (fr) 2011-08-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2011/000098 WO2011098066A1 (fr) 2010-02-10 2011-02-03 Bougie d'allumage et procédé d'allumage par plasma de mélanges contenant un combustible, en particulier dans des turbines et des moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2561589A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011098066A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112412629A (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-02-26 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 一种可调伸缩式自动控制点火器装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1674977A (en) * 1926-05-29 1928-06-26 Michael Ludgin Spark plug
GB444439A (en) * 1934-08-11 1936-03-20 Martin O Marra Improved sparking-plug with renewable electrodes for internal combustion engines
EP0172954B1 (fr) 1983-07-20 1989-06-21 Luigi Tozzi Dispositif d'allumage à jet de plasma
US5469013A (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-11-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Large discharge-volume, silent discharge spark plug
DE10037536C2 (de) 2000-08-01 2002-11-21 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung einer Plasmazündung in Verbrennungsmotoren

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1674977A (en) * 1926-05-29 1928-06-26 Michael Ludgin Spark plug
GB444439A (en) * 1934-08-11 1936-03-20 Martin O Marra Improved sparking-plug with renewable electrodes for internal combustion engines
EP0172954B1 (fr) 1983-07-20 1989-06-21 Luigi Tozzi Dispositif d'allumage à jet de plasma
US5469013A (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-11-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Large discharge-volume, silent discharge spark plug
DE10037536C2 (de) 2000-08-01 2002-11-21 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung einer Plasmazündung in Verbrennungsmotoren

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112412629A (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-02-26 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 一种可调伸缩式自动控制点火器装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2561589A1 (fr) 2013-02-27

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