WO2011095054A1 - 高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机 - Google Patents

高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011095054A1
WO2011095054A1 PCT/CN2011/000174 CN2011000174W WO2011095054A1 WO 2011095054 A1 WO2011095054 A1 WO 2011095054A1 CN 2011000174 W CN2011000174 W CN 2011000174W WO 2011095054 A1 WO2011095054 A1 WO 2011095054A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
blade
wind wheel
wing
skeleton
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/000174
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋大龙
许金泉
王建辉
Original Assignee
国能风力发电有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 国能风力发电有限公司 filed Critical 国能风力发电有限公司
Priority to JP2012551471A priority Critical patent/JP2013519022A/ja
Priority to EP11739333.0A priority patent/EP2535563A4/en
Priority to AU2011213426A priority patent/AU2011213426A1/en
Publication of WO2011095054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011095054A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/214—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Musgrove or "H"-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/50—Bearings
    • F05B2240/51—Bearings magnetic
    • F05B2240/511—Bearings magnetic with permanent magnets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wind turbine technology, and provides a wind power generator, particularly an efficient high power vertical axis wind power generator.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Wind energy is a renewable energy source with the greatest application prospects other than water energy, and has been highly valued by countries all over the world. China has become the most active wind power market in the world. In 2009, the newly added wind power installed capacity in the country exceeded 8 million kilowatts, and the cumulative total capacity has reached more than 20 million kilowatts. Therefore, the market prospects of China's wind power equipment manufacturing industry and related fields are very broad.
  • Wind turbines are divided according to the direction of the rotating shaft and can be divided into two types: horizontal axis and vertical axis.
  • the solution to this problem in the prior art is to provide a flow guiding device on the windward side of the wind wheel to construct a guiding wind field, so that the incoming wind blows the wind wheel according to the channel provided by the guiding device to push the wind wheel to rotate.
  • This method of removing the wind resistance by introducing natural wind into the flow guiding passage and then pushing the wind turbine blade The law has the disadvantage of reducing the wind of the natural wind.
  • the wind direction of the natural wind will change frequently. If the flow guiding device does not change the direction of the flow with the wind direction, the wind energy loss caused by the deflector will be greater, if the design can follow the wind.
  • the flow guiding device that changes the direction of the flow to the change is bound to complicate the structure of the flow guiding device, which causes inconvenience in the use, management and maintenance in a particularly harsh environment such as a wind farm.
  • the wind turbine blades of the existing wind turbines are mostly triangular in shape and small in size.
  • the small and long blades are easily deformed and resonated by the wind, and are easily broken by the wind pressure, and have wind resistance.
  • the problem of poorness, the resonance at the time of rotation, can cause the problem of low power generation. Due to the above problems of such wind turbine blades, coupled with the current large-scale, high-power development of wind turbines, with the diameter of the wind turbine
  • the increase of the blade, the damage rate of the blade is higher, and the service life is shorter, which has a greater negative impact on the development of wind power generation.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to improve the defect that the generator wind wheel of the prior art is hindered by the wind to hinder the rotation of the wind wheel, so that the power and efficiency of the generator are not high, and providing a completely different principle from the existing established wind deflecting wind field.
  • a high-efficiency high-power vertical-axis wind power generator with an energizing wing capable of minimizing the resistance to the rotation of the wind wheel, thereby improving the rotational efficiency of the wind wheel; and a further object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine blade strength therein High-efficiency high-power vertical-axis wind turbine with high rigidity and light weight resistance;
  • An efficient high-power vertical-axis wind power generator includes a wind wheel rotatably fixed on a central tower, the wind wheel is provided with a plurality of blades, and is disposed between the wind wheel and the tower a generator set, the stator portion of the generator set is circumferentially disposed on the tower column, and the rotor portion is disposed on an outer circumference of the stator portion and is fixed to the hub of the wind wheel; Also included is an energizing wing that is a windshield object that is disposed on a bracket in a manner that does not block rotation of the blade, and that is in front of the windward side of the wind wheel, the booster wing The windshield surface corresponds to the blade of the wind wheel that receives the wind flow and is blocked by the windward side, so that the wind wheel is blocked by the side of the wind that is blocked by the wind flow, and the bracket is disposed on a fixed machine.
  • the booster wing is a plate type empowerment wing, and includes a plate member fixed to the bracket, the
  • the booster wing is a wind turbine type energizing wing, comprising at least one wind wheel rotatably disposed on a wind wheel shaft, the wind wheel shaft is fixed on the bracket, and the booster wing wind wheel is A cylindrical track formed by the outermost rotation of the blade constitutes the windshield.
  • the vertical axis wind turbine wind wheel is a vertical blade wind wheel, wherein the blades are connected to the hub in the wind wheel by two or more dry support rods, at least one of which is connected to the rotor of the wind power generator
  • the other hub is rotatably coupled to the central tower;
  • the blade is shaped as a vertical columnar body having a horizontal section that is a cross-sectional shape of the aircraft wing, that is, an outer side surface with respect to the rotating shaft of the wind wheel
  • the windward end face is a smooth transitional streamlined arc surface, the rounded transition between the outer side surface and the opposite inner side surface, forming a larger windward end, ie the blade head and a smaller tail; and/or the columnar body
  • the horizontal sections have the same size and shape in the vertical direction.
  • the wind wheel of the booster wing may also be the same as the wind wheel in the wind power generator.
  • a straight blade wind turbine wherein the blade is connected to a hub in the wind wheel through a support rod, the hub being rotatably fixed on the wind wheel rotating shaft disposed in parallel with the tower column, the blade shape being a vertical
  • the columnar body has a horizontal section of the cross-sectional shape of the aircraft wing, that is, the outer surface and the windward end surface are smooth streamlined curved surfaces with respect to the rotating shaft of the wind wheel, and a smooth transition between the outer side surface and the opposite inner side surface Forming a larger windward end, that is, a head of the blade and a smaller tail; and/or, the columnar body has the same size and shape in the vertical direction.
  • the wind wheel of the booster wing may also be a propeller type wind wheel or other form of wind wheel.
  • the wind turbine-style energizing wing which rotates under the action of the incoming airflow, can function as a blocking airflow on the wind turbine rotor to generate a resisting torque as the flat-plate energizing wing.
  • the wind wheel of the wind turbine type energizing wing may be one; or several may be disposed on the rotating shaft of the wind wheel.
  • the height of the blade on the wind wheel is equivalent to the height of the blade of the wind turbine of the wind power generator; or, when the wind wheel is In some cases, the sum of the height of the blades on each of the wind wheels and the vertical direction between the adjacent rotor blades is comparable to the height of the blades of the wind turbine.
  • a generator set is disposed between the wind wheel of the booster wing and the wind turbine shaft, and the wind wheel is connected to a rotor of the generator set to constitute a wind power generator.
  • a small genset device may be disposed between the wind wheel and the wind wheel shaft in the small wind wheel device formed by the wind wheel and the wind wheel shaft disposed in the booster wing.
  • the configuration of the smaller generator unit disposed on the booster wing may be substantially the same as or different from that of the large vertical axis wind turbine, and is a generator assembly in a conventional wind turbine.
  • the windshield surface of the booster wing is a plane or a solitary surface or a combination of a plane and a curved surface;
  • the outermost edge of the center column of the wind wheel corresponds at least to the outermost side of the side of the windward side of the wind wheel of the vertical axis wind turbine;
  • the width of the wind shield of the booster wing is one-third to one-half of the entire windward side of the wind turbine of the wind turbine; and/or,
  • the windward surface of the booster wing is adjacent to a side edge of the vertical tower wind turbine that is disposed at a center column of the wind wheel at a midpoint of the windward surface as a starting point to the center tower
  • the column is centered on a windward surface corresponding to a clockwise angle of 180 degrees to 330 degrees;
  • the windshield surface of the booster wing is a curved surface, and the two ends of the curved surface are:
  • two ends of the wind shield surface of the booster wing are disposed in the second quadrant of the center of the wind wheel as the origin of the coordinate system or extend from the second quadrant to the first quadrant Within the three quadrants.
  • the booster wing may be disposed on the center tower.
  • the bracket includes two support rods, one end of the two support rods is connected to the upper and lower ends of the booster wing, and the support rod is further One end is connected to the fixed frame, that is, the central tower, and the two supporting rods are respectively located above and below the wind wheel of the wind power generator, and the length thereof is such that the energizing wing is located The outer side of the circumferential trajectory of the rotor blade is rotated so as not to affect the movement of the vertical shaft generator wind wheel.
  • the booster wings can also be placed on other supports.
  • the bracket is disposed on the side of the vertical axis wind turbine rotor such that the booster wing is located outside of the circumferential trajectory of the rotor blade.
  • the booster wing is a wind wheel, and the upper and lower ends of the wind wheel shaft are respectively fixed to the two support rods On.
  • the bracket is also disposed on the side of the vertical axis wind turbine wind wheel.
  • the bracket is preferably designed as a movable structure.
  • the support rod may be rotatably and positionally fixed on the central tower.
  • a rail can be provided on the basis, and the bracket is movably positioned on the rail.
  • a displacement mechanism including an energizing wing, including a driving device, the driving device is disposed on the fixing frame, and is coupled to the bracket such that the bracket is displaced to increase the setting provided thereon
  • the windshield of the wing can block different sides of the wind wheel.
  • the blade in the wind turbine rotor includes a skeleton constituting a blade shape and a skin fixed to the outside of the skeleton, the skeleton including a blade skeleton, a skeleton rib, and a leaf-shaped support rod.
  • the plurality of blade skeletons are the horizontal cross-sectional aircraft wing-shaped frames of the blade cylinders, and are arranged in a vertical direction at a set spacing in the vertical direction of the blades;
  • the skeleton rib is a plurality of straight rods, each of which surrounds a plurality of the blade skeleton frames aligned, each of the skeleton ribs and the frame of all the blade skeletons in a vertical direction Having a junction solid point forming a sidewall skeleton of the blade to support and/or secure the skin;
  • Both ends of the blade-shaped support raft are supported on a rod body fixed at an opposite position on the frame formed by the blade frame to support the shape of the frame.
  • the skeleton rib comprises four skeleton main ribs and a plurality of skeleton ribs, wherein the skeleton main ribs are distributed as follows: wherein the two skeleton main ribs are disposed on one side of the outer side surface of the corresponding blade, The other two main skeleton ribs are disposed on one side of the inner side surface of the corresponding blade, and on the horizontal section of the blade, four main skeleton ribs form a quadrilateral, and are disposed at a center of the vertical setting of the blade Around and such that the mass of the blade is balanced by the four main skeleton ribs.
  • the main rib of the skeleton is a rod having a large strength and/or rigidity, and the rib is a member having a small strength and/or rigidity; and/or,
  • a joint point of the skeleton main rib and the skeleton auxiliary rib and the blade skeleton meets and is fixed to an intersection of the leaf-shaped support rod and the blade skeleton.
  • a joint point of the skeleton main rib, the skeleton auxiliary rib, and the blade skeleton meets a connection point of the leaf support rod and the blade skeleton.
  • the outer surface of the streamlined shape of the blade is disposed in a circumferential direction along a set radius circle with respect to a vertical axis of the rotor shaft; or the blade flow is relative to a vertical axis of the rotor shaft
  • the outer side surface of the line shape is disposed in a direction that is set at an angle to a circumferential tangential direction along a circle of the set radius.
  • the utility model provides a vertical axis wind turbine wind wheel with an energizing wing, which is provided with an energizing wing in front of the windward side of the wind wheel, and generates a resistance torque on the wind turbine wind wheel by blocking the air flow, so that the wind wheel can be made
  • the rotational torque is increased to increase the efficiency of the wind turbine.
  • the efficiency of the wind turbine can be increased by more than 25%.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wind turbine wind turbine in the prior art
  • 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between power and wind speed of an existing wind power generator
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vertical axis wind turbine rotor with a plate type booster wing according to the present invention
  • Figure 3a is a structural schematic view showing the positional relationship between the plate of the plate type energizing wing and the wind wheel of the generator;
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the power of the present wind wheel with the energizing wings and the wind speed;
  • Figure 5 is a front view showing the structure of a vertical axis wind turbine rotor with a wind wheel type energizing wing provided by the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the main structure of a vertical axis wind turbine of an energizing wing composed of a plurality of wind wheels;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the structure of a blade of a vertical axis wind turbine rotor provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a top plan view showing a structure of a vertical axis wind turbine rotor equipped with the blades of Figure 1;
  • Figure 10 is a front view showing the structure of the wind wheel shown in Figure 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic front view showing the structure of a vertical axis wind turbine energizing wing displacement mechanism and a wind turbine type energizing wing thereof according to the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a top plan view of Figure 1.
  • the high-efficiency high-power vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the present invention comprises a vertical blade wind wheel rotatably fixed on a central tower, and the wind wheel is provided with a plurality of blades.
  • a generator set is arranged between the wind wheel and the tower column, and the stator part of the generator set is arranged around the tower column, and a sub-portion is disposed on an outer circumference of the stator portion and is fixed to a hub of the wind wheel;
  • the utility model further includes an energy-increasing wing
  • the energy-increasing wing is a wind-shielding object, which is disposed on a bracket in a manner not blocking the rotation of the blade, and is located in front of the windward side of the wind wheel
  • the booster wing The windshield surface corresponds to a blade of the wind wheel that receives the wind flow and is blocked by the windward side, so that the side of the wind wheel that is blocked by the wind flow is blocked, and the bracket is disposed on a fixed machine. On the shelf.
  • the invention solves the problem that the efficiency of the generator is reduced due to the wind wheel resistance torque caused by the wind, and the principle of cutting off the wind flow field is applied, and the wind deflecting object is blocked by the set wind deflecting object, so that it cannot function.
  • the corresponding blades on the wind wheel By blocking the wind deflecting object, the power generation of the generator can be increased, so that the wind deflecting object is called an energizing wing.
  • a preferred embodiment of the bracket includes two support rods, one end of which is connected to upper and lower ends of the booster wing, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the center tower. Two support rods are respectively located above and below the wind wheel of the wind power generator.
  • the energy-increasing wing may be a plate-type power-enhancing wing, and includes a plate member, such as a flat plate, which is fixed on the bracket. For example, upper and lower ends of the flat plate are fixed on the two support rods.
  • the energy-increasing wing of the plate may also be a wind-wheel-type booster wing, which comprises a wind wheel, such as a vertical blade wind wheel, which is rotatably disposed on a wind wheel shaft, the wind wheel shaft is fixed at the On the bracket, for example, the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine shaft are fixed to the two support rods.
  • a cylindrical track formed by the outermost rotation of the blades on the energizing wing wind wheel constitutes the wind shield.
  • a vertical axis wind turbine with a plate-type booster wing includes a vertical blade wind wheel 01, and the blade 02 on the vertical blade wind wheel 01 passes through at least two support rods 05.
  • at least one hub connected to the support rod is connected to the rotor in the generator assembly, and the rotor hub not connected to the generator assembly is rotatably arranged on the tower On column 03.
  • the stator corresponding to the generator rotor is also fixed on the tower 03.
  • the shape of the blade is a vertical columnar body, and the horizontal section is the sectional shape of the aircraft wing, that is, the outer surface and the windward end surface are smooth and flowing streamlined curved surfaces with respect to the rotating shaft of the wind wheel, and the windward surface spacing of the blades Larger, in the downwind direction, the spacing is gradually reduced, and the columnar body has the same horizontal cross-sectional shape and shape in the vertical direction.
  • the blades 02 on the vertical blade wind wheel 01 are connected to the hub in the wind wheel by at least two support rods 05, and the at least one support rod connected hub is connected to the rotor in the generator assembly, not to the generator assembly
  • the connected rotor hub is rotatably disposed on the tower 9.
  • the stator corresponding to the generator rotor is also fixed to the tower 9.
  • the utility model further includes an energy-increasing wing, which is a flat plate 1 , the upper and lower ends of which are respectively fixed to one ends of two upper and lower support rods (not shown), and the other ends of the two support rods are fixed to the central tower column 03, the two support rods are respectively located above and below the vertical wind turbine blade; the flat plate 1 of the booster wing is located outside the circular track a of the rotor blade.
  • an energy-increasing wing which is a flat plate 1 , the upper and lower ends of which are respectively fixed to one ends of two upper and lower support rods (not shown), and the other ends of the two support rods are fixed to the central tower column 03, the two support rods are respectively located above and below the vertical wind turbine blade; the flat plate 1 of the booster wing is located outside the circular track a of the rotor blade.
  • the energizing wing thus arranged does not affect the rotation of the wind wheel 01 of the generator, which is located in front of the windward side of the wind turbine, and the side of the flat plate surface and the wind wheel 01 that receives the incoming air flow and is blocked by the rotation
  • the blades of the windward side correspond to block the windward side of one side of the wind wheel, so that the generator vertical wind wheel receives the incoming air flow A so that one side of the blocked rotation is blocked.
  • An end of the booster wing plate 1 remote from the center tower is at least outside the outermost end of the one side of the side where the vertical blade wind turbine of the wind power generator is blocked.
  • the width of the flat plate is preferably at least one-third to one-half of the width S of the entire windward surface of the wind wheel 01, and the flat plate as shown in Fig. 3a has a width which is one-half of the width S of the windward surface.
  • the energizing wing may also be a curved plate, or a combination of a plane and a curved surface; the side of the flat plate near the central tower 03 is between 180 degrees and 330 degrees on the windward side, or The top view angle of the wind wheel 01, the two ends of the energizing wing arc surface are set at the center of the wind wheel as coordinates It is in the second quadrant of the origin or extends from the second quadrant to the third quadrant.
  • the end of the plate 1 or 2 near the center column is at a position of 330° from the midpoint of the windward surface (0°), or the width of the plate 1 is blocked at one side.
  • the section of the plate 1 near the center column is at a position of 320° from the midpoint of the windward side (0°).
  • the relationship between the curved plate or the coordinate system of the center of the plate and the curved surface of the combination of the plate-shaped booster wing and the center of the tower of the wind wheel may be: corresponding to the top view angle of the wind wheel of the vertical axis wind power generator, Both ends of the wind-shielding surface of the booster wing are disposed in the second quadrant of the center of the wind wheel as the origin of the coordinate system or extend from the second quadrant to the third quadrant. That is, the booster wing is a curved plate in the second quadrant that can also extend into the third quadrant.
  • the windward surface of the wind wheel corresponding to the second quadrant has at least a portion from the outermost end thereof to the side surface which can generate a resisting torque for the blade corresponding to the wind wheel.
  • One end of the booster wing may extend to the third quadrant after reaching the outer end of the second quadrant.
  • the energizing wing at this time can be an arc-shaped windshield surface, or a combination of a flat surface and a curved surface.
  • the booster wing plate can also be wider, as shown in Figure 3, which blocks one-half of the windward side of the wind wheel, or a section of the plate slab near the center tower that is at the midpoint of the windward side (0°) Location.
  • the booster wing is a wind wheel 2
  • the vertical axis wind turbine wind wheel with the wind wheel type booster wing includes a vertical blade wind wheel 01, Rotatablely fixed on a central tower 03, on which a plurality of blades 02 are provided through a support rod 021, and a vertical wing-type energizing wing 2 is rotated by the incoming air flow A, which can The same blocking air flow as the flat-plate energizing wing acts to generate a drag torque on the wind turbine rotor.
  • the structure of the booster wing wind wheel 2 may also be structurally shaped with the wind wheel 01 in the wind power generator.
  • the same shape, that is, the blade 23 is connected to the hub in the wind wheel through the support rod 21, the wheel hub is rotatably fixed on the wind wheel shaft 20, and the upper and lower ends of the wind wheel shaft 20 respectively pass through the two support rods 21 and the center
  • the tower 03 is connected, which is a rotatable and positional connection structure, so that the booster wing wind wheel can adjust the relative positional relationship between the tower and the generator wind wheel according to the wind direction and the need. It is also possible to connect a diagonal tie rod 22 between the top of the central tower and the upper end of the wind turbine shaft of the booster wing 2 to increase the stability of the connection between the booster and the tower.
  • the shape of the blade of the energizing wing wind wheel is a vertical columnar body whose horizontal section is the sectional shape of the aircraft wing, that is, the outer side surface and the windward end surface are smooth transitional streamlined curved surfaces with respect to the rotating shaft of the wind wheel.
  • the spacing between the outer side surface and the inner side surface is such that the windward surface of the blade has a large spacing, and the spacing is gradually decreased along the downwind direction.
  • the columnar body has the same horizontal cross-sectional shape and shape in the vertical direction.
  • the height of the blades on the booster wing wind wheel is comparable to the blade height of the wind turbine vertical blade wind wheel.
  • a small genset device may be disposed between the booster wing wind wheel 2 and the wind turbine shaft 20.
  • the structure of the small generator device is basically similar to that of a large vertical axis wind turbine.
  • the stator is disposed on the wind turbine shaft, the rotor is disposed on the periphery of the stator, and the blades are fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotor through the support rod 21'.
  • Such an energizing wing can not only block the airflow to generate a resisting torque on the wind turbine rotor, but also increase the power and efficiency of the generator.
  • it can additionally generate electric energy, which can be sent out with the wind turbine.
  • the electric power is combined and sent to the power grid to further increase the power generation of the wind power generator. This part of the electric energy can also be accumulated by connecting the power storage device for other purposes of the wind power generator.
  • the number of the wind wheels of the booster wing may also be several. As shown in Fig. 7, each vertical wind wheel 23 is connected to the wind wheel shaft 20. The longitudinal direction is fixed on the wind turbine shaft, and the sum of the height of the blades on each of the wind wheels and the vertical direction between the adjacent wind turbine blades is equivalent to the height of the blades of the vertical blade wind turbine.
  • the plurality of wind wheels may be the same wind turbine as the above-described energizing wing wind wheel shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, or may be other types of wind wheels, such as a screw. Propeller type wind wheel.
  • the blades on the corresponding wind wheel may be five pieces, which are evenly distributed on the circumference of the rotating shaft of the wind wheel.
  • the number of blades can also be eight or twelve.
  • the number of blades of the wind wheel 01 of the vertical axis wind turbine may be 4 to 24. If the number of blades is too small, the utilization of the wind farm is too low, so that the power of the wind turbine is small. If the number of blades is too large, the centrifugal force is too large, and an accident that causes the blades to fall off is likely to occur.
  • the bracket supporting the booster wing may be the aforementioned support rod structure rotatable about the center tower.
  • a driving mechanism may be disposed on the tower, which is connected to the support rod, and the driving mechanism drives the energizing wing to rotate around the tower column, thereby adjusting the relative position of the booster wing and the wind wheel according to the wind direction, or the wind speed is larger When the wing is not required, it is turned from the windward side of the wind wheel to the side of the wind side.
  • the bracket supporting the booster wing plate or the wind wheel may also be a bracket provided on the foundation beside the wind turbine.
  • a track can be placed on the foundation, such as a circular track in which the frame can be moved.
  • a displacement mechanism of an energizing wing is further included, including a driving device, and the driving device is disposed on the fixing frame, and is connected to the bracket, so that the bracket is Displacement causes the windshield of the booster wing disposed thereon to block different sides of the wind wheel.
  • the upper and lower ends of the wind turbine shaft 405 of the booster wing wind wheel 401 are respectively fixed to one ends of the upper and lower support rods, and the other ends of the two support rods are rotatably fixed at the center.
  • the two supporting rods are respectively located above and below the vertical wind turbine blade, and the energizing wing is a wind-shielding object, which is located outside the circular track a of the rotating blade of the wind wheel so that it does not The rotation of the vertical blade wind wheel is affected, and is located in front of the windward side of the wind wheel, blocking the windward side of one side of the wind wheel, so that the vertical wind wheel of the generator receives the air flow A so that one side of the blocked rotation is blocked.
  • the support bar may include two segments, wherein a section adjacent to the energizing wing is a single pole segment, one end of which is connected to the booster wing through the main connector described above, and One section is a double pole section, including two poles, for example, the split rods 413, 414 fixed in the support rod at the upper end of the booster wing and the split rod fixed in the support rod at the lower end of the booster wing (the same as the upper splitter) ), one end of the two split rods can also be fixed to the outer cymbal of the bearing 411 by the above structure, the split rods 413, 414 are fixed to the outer ring of the bearing 411 through the support rod connector 415, and the lower split rod passes through the support rod
  • the connector is fixed to the outer ring of the bearing 411, that is, two jacks are respectively opened on the side wall of the support rod connector, and the ends of the two split rods respectively inserted with one support rod are fixed, thereby realizing the
  • the aforementioned support rod including two poles can divide the gravity and the resistance of the support Solution, such a structure is stronger and stiffer than a single rod support rod.
  • the support rod of this structure can be made more compact, so that the resistance of the wind wheel can be reduced.
  • an outer ring of the bearing to which the upper support rod is coupled may be coupled to a driver 410 which drives the outer ring of the bearing to rotate.
  • the drive is fixed in a hollow central column, which may be a motor whose output shaft is connected to the outer ring of the bearing.
  • the electrical input of the motor can be connected to the grid.
  • the power storage mechanism can obtain power from the wind power generator, or a generator set can be arranged between the wind wheel of the wind turbine type empowerment wing and the wind turbine shaft, and the wind wheel is
  • the power-increasing wing acts as a generator to block the action of the corresponding blade, and the generated electric energy is saved by the power storage mechanism for driving the booster wing rotating mechanism.
  • the support device further includes a diagonal pull rod 407, wherein one end of the connecting structure is fixedly connected with the upper end of the booster wing, and the other end is provided with a rotatable connection structure rotatably connected with the central tower column, the diagonal pull rod
  • the connection structure connected to the center tower is positioned higher than the connection structure in which the support rod connected to the upper end of the booster wing is connected to the center tower.
  • the wind turbine blade of the present invention is shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10.
  • the blade of the vertical axis wind turbine rotor provided by the present invention comprises a skeleton constituting a blade shape and is fixed outside the skeleton. a skin (not shown), the shape of the blade being a vertical columnar body, the horizontal section of which is the sectional shape of the aircraft wing, that is, with respect to the rotating shaft 313 of the wind wheel (see Figs. 9, 10), the blade 311
  • the outwardly facing outer surface is a streamlined arcuate surface with a rounded transition between the outer side surface and the opposite inner side surface forming a larger windward end, i.e., the head of the blade and a smaller tail.
  • the spacing between the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the columnar body is substantially gradually reduced from the head to the tail; each of the levels in the vertical direction of the blade
  • the cross section is the same size and shape.
  • the blade 311 is streamlined with respect to the vertical axis of the rotor shaft 313.
  • the outer surface is disposed along the circumferential direction of the set radius circle, and the circle of the set radius is the radius of the wind wheel, which may be set according to factors such as the power generation capacity of the wind turbine design, the strength and rigidity of the component, and the like.
  • the blade is connected to the hub of the wind wheel through a support rod 312;
  • the blade may be disposed in the wind wheel in a manner that the outer surface of the streamlined shape of the blade is set in a tangential direction along a circumference along a set radius circle with respect to a vertical axis of the rotor shaft.
  • the direction setting of the angle for example along a spiral.
  • the blade is also connected to the hub of the rotor by a support rod.
  • Such vanes are disposed at or near the outer edge of the rotor, and the vanes are coupled to the rotor hub or the rotating components of the generator via support rods 312. Therefore, the blade is no longer a thin and long shape, and a large distance from the hub of the wind wheel to its outer edge may be a support rod connecting the blades, and the portion of the wind wheel for receiving the wind and rotating is only the outer portion.
  • the vertical columnar blade of the rim Since such a blade has an outer surface of the aircraft wing type, the airflow can be well utilized by the blade, and the rotation efficiency is high.
  • the support rod connecting the blade to the rotor hub can be made into a shape and structure having high strength and rigidity but a small wind resistance, for example, the rod section can be an elliptical section. In this way, the problem of poor wind resistance and low power efficiency of the existing wind turbine blades can be fundamentally changed.
  • the blade provided by the invention is subjected to a large wind force, but it is also required to have a small rotational resistance, that is, its own weight is light, but it should also have sufficient strength and rigidity. Therefore, the skeleton of the blade can be designed like this:
  • the skeleton includes a blade skeleton 301, a skeleton main rib 303, a skeleton auxiliary rib 302, 307, and a leaf-shaped support rod.
  • the blade skeleton 301 is a plurality of frames of the aircraft wing shape constituting the horizontal section of the blade column body, and aligned in the vertical direction of the blade at a set pitch;
  • the skeleton main rib 303 and the skeleton auxiliary ribs 302, 307 are a plurality of vertically arranged rod members, for example a straight rod, each of the skeleton main ribs 303 and the skeleton secondary ribs 302, 307 of the blade are disposed around the frame of all the blade skeletons 301, each of the skeleton main ribs and the skeleton ribs and the all of the blade skeletons
  • the frame has a junction fixing point in a vertical direction, and fixes the skeleton main ribs and the skeleton ribs disposed around the blade skeleton 301 at a set interval to form the skin of the blade 311 to support the skin;
  • the leaf-shaped support raft supports are disposed between opposite sides of the frame formed by the blade skeleton 301.
  • the blade-shaped support rod is disposed in a plane in which the frame is located, and both ends thereof are fixed to the blade skeleton 301, that is, the leaf-shaped support Both ends of the rod are respectively fixed to the frames of the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the corresponding blade of the blade skeleton to support the shape of the frame holding the blade skeleton.
  • the blade-shaped support bar may be of two types, one being a plurality of straight-shaped blade-shaped support bars 304 disposed in parallel with each other between frames formed by the blade frame.
  • the skeleton main rib 303 and the skeleton sub-rib 302 are joined to the intersection of the leaf-shaped support rods 4 provided on the blade skeleton 301.
  • the tie rod may be fixed at a point of intersection with the main skeleton rib 303 and the leaf support rod 304.
  • the main rib of the skeleton is a member having a large strength and/or rigidity
  • the skeletal rib is a member having a small strength and/or rigidity
  • the distribution of the main ribs of the skeleton is preferably as follows: four skeleton main ribs 303 are disposed on one side of the outer side surface of the blade, and the other two are disposed on one side of the inner side surface of the blade. When viewed from the horizontal section of the blade, the four skeleton main ribs 303 form a quadrilateral The mass of the blade is placed around the vertical center of the blade and the mass of the blade is balanced by the four main skeleton bars.
  • the skeleton main rib 301 and the skeleton auxiliary rib can be made of the same light aluminum profile, or can be different Made of material, the main rib of the skeleton is a hollow rod with a larger cross section than the ribs of the skeleton.
  • longitudinal longitudinal partition walls may be provided in the longitudinal hollow chamber of the main rib of the skeleton to divide one large chamber into two smaller chambers.
  • the blade skeleton may also be a hollow shaft that is divided into two longitudinal chambers by longitudinal partition walls.
  • the longitudinal chamber of the hollow rod is divided by the partition wall, and the rod structure can effectively reduce the weight of the blade while improving its rigidity and strength.
  • the blade skeleton, the skeleton main rib, the skeleton secondary rib, and the blade-shaped support rod are preferably made of a lightweight aluminum profile.
  • Each of the rods in the skeleton is fixed by welding or gluing, and the adhesive used for the adhesive fixing may be an amphoteric adhesive.
  • Such a skeleton main rib and a blade skeleton structure can well ensure the rigidity and strength of the blade, and the weight of the blade is very light. This makes it possible to make the starting wind of the wind wheel constituted by the blade small, and the wind power generator can generate electricity when the wind power is small. After the test, the wind wheel formed by the blade can rotate and generate electricity under the secondary air.
  • the above structure of the skeleton can make the blade have high strength and rigidity, and the ultimate wind force can be up to 50 m/s, and can work normally under the wind of typhoon at 35 m / sec. Therefore, the wind power generator using the wind turbine blade provided by the present invention can continue to generate electricity safely under the high wind conditions in which the general fan is to be stopped.
  • the blade of the wind wheel has changed the blade shape of the prior art, and is not easily deformed, broken, and has a long service life. Therefore, the wind wheel is used in the wind field, and the operation is stopped due to weather or failure, and the power grid can be Long-term and stable access to wind energy. This provides a reliable guarantee for the vigorous development of wind power generation, and is of great significance to the national economy and the people's livelihood, the protection of the environment, and sustainable economic development. Further, the blade has the advantages of simple combined processing and high molding precision.

Description

高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机 技术领域 本发明属于风力发电机技术领域， 提供一种风力发电机， 尤其是一种 高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机。 背景技术 风能是水能之外最具规模应用前景的可再生能源，受到世界各国的高 度重视。 中国已成为世界上最活跃的风电市场。 2009 年全国新增风电装 机容量超过 800万千瓦， 累计总容量已达 2000万千瓦以上。 因此， 我国 风力发电设备制造业及相关领域的市场前景十分广阔。
风力发电机按旋转轴的方向来分， 可分为水平轴和垂直轴两种。
在现有技术中， 垂直轴风力发电机越来越显示出其高效、 功率大和便 于安装使用、 寿命长等优点。 但是， 在垂直设置的风轮被风吹动旋转时， 风轮的转动速度并不能随风力成比例增加，在风力不是很大的情况下这一 情况更加突出， 究其原因是， 如图 1所示， 当来风气流（图 1中平行的若 干箭头所示）沖击风轮时， 在其迎风面的一侧受到的是驱动风轮转动的有 效推力， 而在另一侧受到的则是阻止风轮转动的阻力， 上述两种力的合力 是来风气流致使风轮旋转作功的有效动力。 由于迎风面上一侧风阻的存 在，显著降低了垂直轴风轮受来风获得的驱动力，使得发电机的效率降低。
现有技术中解决这一问题的方法是在风轮迎风面设置导流装置，构建 一个导流风场，使得来风按照导流装置提供的通道吹向风轮而推动风轮转 动。 这种通过将自然风引入导流通道， 再推动风轮叶片的消除风阻力的方 法， 存在降低自然风风力的缺点， 同时， 自然风的风向会频繁变化， 如果 导流装置不随风向改变导流方向， 导流装置带来的风能损耗将更大， 如果 设计可以随风向变化而改变导流方向的导流装置，势必使得导流装置的结 构变得复杂， 这给在风场这样特定严酷的环境中的使用、 管理和维护都会 带来不便。
现有风力发电机的风轮叶片多为大小头三角形式， 小头细长， 这种又 细又长的叶片， 受风力容易变形和产生共振， 且受风压很容易折断， 存在 抗风能力差的问题， 旋转时的共振， 可造成发电功率偏低的问题， 由于这 类风轮叶片的上述问题， 加上现在的风力发电机有向大型化、 大功率方向 发展， 随着风轮直径的增大， 叶片的损坏率更高， 使用寿命更短， 给风力 发电的发展带来较大的负面影响。 发明内容 本发明的首要目的在于改进现有技术发电机风轮受到风力产生阻碍 风轮转动的阻力使得发电机功率和效率不高的缺陷，提供一种与现有建立 导流风场原理完全不同， 能够最大限度地减少阻止风轮转动的阻力， 从而 提高风轮的转动效率的带有增能翼的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机； 本发明进一步的目的在于提供一种其中风轮叶片强度、 刚度高， 重量 轻阻力小的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机；
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 包括一风轮， 其可转动地固设在 一中心塔柱上， 所述风轮上设有若干叶片， 在所述风轮和塔柱之间设置发 电机组， 该发电机组的定子部分环绕设置在塔柱上， 转子部分设置在所述 定子部分的外周， 并与风轮的轮毂固联； 还包括一增能翼， 该增能翼为一挡风物体， 其以不阻挡所述叶片的转 动的方式设置在一支架上， 且在所述风轮迎风面的前方， 该增能翼的挡风 面与所述风轮的接受来风气流而转动受阻的一侧迎风面的叶片相对应，使 得所述风轮由于来风气流而转动受阻的侧面被挡住，该支架设置在一固定 机架上。 用与现有技术完全不同的理念， 即应用了切断风流场的原理， 通过设置的 挡风物体， 将对风轮产生阻力矩的气流挡住， 使其不能作用于风轮相应的 叶片。 通过该挡风物体的阻拦， 可以增加发电机的发电功率， 故而称该挡 风物体为增能翼。
所述增能翼是板式增能翼， 其包括一板件， 其固设在所述支架上， 该 者，
所述增能翼是风轮式增能翼， 其包括至少一风轮， 其可转动地设置在 一根风轮轴上， 该风轮轴固设在所述支架上， 该增能翼风轮上叶片的最外 侧旋转形成的圓柱体轨迹构成所述挡风面。
本垂直轴风力发电机风轮为垂直叶片风轮，其中的叶片通过两根或多 干支撑杆连接到风轮中的轮毂上，所述轮毂的至少一个与所述风力发电机 的转子相连接， 另外的所述轮毂与所述中心塔柱可转动地连接； 该叶片的 形状为一垂直的柱状体， 其水平截面为飞机机翼的断面形状， 即相对于风 轮的转轴， 其外侧表面和迎风的端面为圓滑过渡的流线型弧面， 该外侧表 面与相对的内侧表面之间的圆滑过渡，形成较大的迎风端即叶片的头部和 较小的尾部； 和 /或， 该柱状体在垂直方向上各水平截面大小形状相同。
所述增能翼的所述风轮也可以是与本风力发电机中的风轮相同，为垂 直叶片风轮， 其中的叶片通过支撑杆连接到风轮中的轮毂上， 该轮毂可转 动地固定在与所述塔柱平行设置的所述风轮转轴上，该叶片的形状为一垂 直的柱状体， 其水平截面为飞机机翼的断面形状， 即相对于风轮的转轴， 其外侧表面和迎风的端面为圆滑过渡的流线型弧面，该外侧表面与相对的 内侧表面之间的圆滑过渡， 形成较大的迎风端即叶片的头部和较小的尾 部； 和 /或， 该柱状体在垂直方向上各水平截面大小形状相同。
所述增能翼的风轮也可以为螺旋桨式风轮， 或是其它形式的风轮。 风轮样式的增能翼， 在来风气流的作用下旋转， 其可以起到与平板样 式的增能翼相同的阻断气流作用在风力发电机风轮上产生阻力矩的作用。
所述风轮式增能翼的所述风轮可以是一个； 也可以为若干个， 其均设 置在所述风轮转轴上。
当所述增能翼的所述风轮是一个时，所述风轮上的叶片的高度与所述 风力发电机的所述风轮的所述叶片高度相当； 或者， 当所述风轮是若干个 时，各个所述风轮上的叶片的高度以及相邻风轮叶片之间的垂直方向的间 隙之和与风力发电机的所述风轮的所述叶片高度相当。
更进一步地，在所述增能翼的所述风轮和所述风轮轴之间设置发电机 组， 所述风轮连接所述发电机组的转子， 构成风力发电机。
所述增能翼中设置的风轮与风轮轴构成的小风轮装置中的所述风轮 和所述风轮轴之间可以设有小型发电机组装置。该增能翼上设置的较小型 的发电机装置的结构形式与大型垂直轴风力发电机的结构形式可以是基 本相同的， 也可以是不同的， 而为常规风力发电机中的发电机组件。
所述增能翼的所述挡风面为平面或孤面或平面和弧面结合的形状；和
/或，
所述增能翼的所述挡风面的远离所述垂直轴风力发电机中设置所述
Figure imgf000007_0001
风轮的中心塔柱的最外侧边缘边至少与所述垂直轴风力发电机的所述风 轮的所述迎风面的所述侧面的最外侧对应； 和 /或，
所述增能翼的所述挡风面的宽度为所述风力发电机的风轮整个迎风 面的三分之一至二分之一； 和 /或，
所述增能翼的所述挡风面靠近所述垂直轴风力发电机中设置所述风 轮的中心塔柱的一侧边缘在所述迎风面的中点为起始点起以所述中心塔 柱为中心顺时针转角 180度至 330度所对应的迎风面上； 或者，
所述增能翼的所述挡风面为弧面， 该弧面的两端是：
对应所述垂直轴风力发电机中风轮的俯视角度，所述增能翼的挡风面 的两端设置在所述风轮中心为坐标系原点的第二象限内或者从第二象限 延伸至第三象限范围内。
这样的增能翼可以确保风轮基本不产生不利于转动发电的阻力矩。 所述增能翼可以设置在所述中心塔柱上， 具体地， 所述支架包括两根 支撑杆， 两根支撑杆的一端与所述增能翼的上下两端连接， 该支撑杆的另 一端连接在所述固定机架即所述中心塔柱上，该两才艮支撑杆分别位于所述 风力发电机的所述风轮的上方和下方，且其长度为使得所述增能翼位于所 述风轮叶片回转圓周轨迹的外面，使之不会影响到本垂直轴发电机风轮的 运动。
所述增能翼也可以设置在其他支承物上。 例如， 所述支架设置在所述 垂直轴风力发电机风轮旁边的基础上，使得所述增能翼位于所述风轮叶片 回转圓周轨迹的外面。
作为板体的所述增能翼，该板体的上下两端分别固设在两根所述支撑 杆上。
所述增能翼是风轮的，该风轮轴的上下端分别固定在两根所述支撑杆 上。
所述支架也设置在所述垂直轴风力发电机风轮旁边的基础上。
吹向本发电机风轮的风向通常是会有变化的，增能翼的位置也就应该 能够随风轮迎风面的改变和改变。 另外， 有些时候， 不需要使用增能翼挡 风， 则需要将增能翼从迎风面移到背风面或顺风面， 为了使用这一需求， 所述支架最好设计成可运动的结构。 具体的， 所述支撑杆可以是可转动且 可定位地固设在所述中心塔柱上。
而对于支架支承的所述基础上的方案中， 在所述基础上可设置轨道， 所述支架可移动地设于该轨道上定位。
还包括一增能翼的位移机构， 包括一驱动装置， 所述驱动装置设置在 所述固定机架上， 其与所述支架相连接， 使得该支架位移而使设于其上的 所述增能翼的挡风面挡住所述风轮的不同侧面。
所述风力发电机风轮中的叶片包括构成叶片形状的骨架和固定在该 骨架外面的蒙皮， 所述骨架包括有叶片骨架、 骨架筋和叶型支撑杆，
所述叶片骨架为若干个，其为叶片柱状体的所述水平截面飞机机翼形 状的框架， 在叶片的垂直方向以设定间距对正排布；
所述骨架筋为若干直杆件，各个骨架筋环绕在对正排布的若干所述叶 片骨架框架的周围，每根所述骨架筋与所有所述叶片骨架的所述框架在一 垂直方向上有一交汇固联点， 形成叶片的侧壁骨架来支撑和 /或固联所述 蒙皮；
所述叶型支撑杵的两端支撑固定在所述叶片骨架形成的所述框架上 相对位置的杆体上， 以支撑保持该框架的形状。
所述骨架筋包含四根骨架主筋和若干根骨架副筋，所述骨架主筋是这 样分布的： 其中两根所述骨架主筋设置在对应叶片的所述外侧表面一侧， 另外两根所述骨架主筋设置在对应叶片的所述内侧表面一侧，在所述叶片 的水平截面上， 四根所述骨架主筋构成一四边形， 并设在所述叶片的垂直 设置下质量中心的周围且使得所述叶片的质量由该四根骨架主筋平衡。
所述骨架主筋为其强度和 /或刚度较大的杆件， 所述骨架副筋为强度 和 /或刚度较小的杆件； 和 /或，
所述骨架主筋和骨架副筋与所述叶片骨架的连接点与所述叶型支撑 杆和所述叶片骨架的交点交汇固定。
所述骨架主筋、骨架副筋与所述叶片骨架的连接点交汇于所述叶型支 撑杆和所述叶片骨架的连接点。
相对于所述风轮转轴的垂直轴线，所述叶片流线形的所述外侧表面在 沿设定半径圓的圆周方向设置； 或者， 相对于所述风轮转轴的垂直轴线， 所述叶片流线形的所述外侧表面在与沿设定半径圆的圓周切线方向夹设 定角度的方向设置。
本发明提供的带有增能翼的垂直轴风力发电机风轮通过在风轮迎风 面的前面设置增能翼， 通过阻断气流作用在风力发电机风轮上产生阻力 矩， 可以使风轮的旋转力矩增大， 提高风力发电机的效率。 通过设置增能 翼， 风力发电机的效率可以增大 25%以上。 本风力发电机中的叶片， 该基 本形状来源於飞机机翼， 通过组成垂直柱状体的骨架和蒙皮结构， 尤其是 骨架中的叶片骨架、叶片支撑杆和骨架主副筋的特殊的结构设置和使用轻 型材料制作， 使得本发明提供的叶片的重量轻、 强度、 刚度高， 组合加工 简单， 成型精度高、 抗风能力强、 效率高。 附图概述 图 1为现有技术中风力发电机风轮迎风时的示意图； 图 2为现有风力发电机的功率与风速关系图；
图 3 为本发明提供的带有板式增能翼的垂直轴风力发电机风轮的结 构的示意图；
图 3a 为示出板式增能翼的平板与发电机风轮位置关系的结构示意 图；
图 4为具有增能翼的本风轮的功率与风速的关系图；
图 5 为本发明提供的带有风轮式增能翼的垂直轴风力发电机风轮的 主视结构示意图；
图 6为图 5的俯视结构示意图；
图 7 为多个风轮组成的增能翼的垂直轴风力发电机的主视结构示意 图；
图 8 为本发明提供的垂直轴风力发电机风轮的叶片的立体结构示意 图；
图 9为安装有图 1中所迷的叶片的垂直轴风力发电机风轮的一种结构 的俯视结构示意图；
图 10为图 9所示的风轮的主视结构示意图；
图 11为本发明提供的垂直轴风力发电机增能翼位移机构及其上连接 风轮式增能翼的主视结构示意图；
图 12为图 1的俯视结构示意图。 本发明的最佳实施方式 本发明提供的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 包括一垂直叶片风轮， 其可转动地固设在一中心塔柱上， 所述风轮上设有若干叶片， 在所述风轮 和塔柱之间设置发电机组， 该发电机组的定子部分环绕设置在塔柱上， 转 子部分设置在所述定子部分的外周， 并与风轮的轮毂固联；
还包括一增能翼， 该增能翼为一挡风物体， 其以不阻挡所述叶片的转 动的方式设置在一支架上， 且位于所述风轮迎风面的前方， 该增能翼的挡 风面与所述风轮的接受来风气流而转动受阻的一侧迎风面的叶片相对应， 使得所述风轮由于来风气流而转动受阻的侧面被挡住，该支架设置在一固 定机架上。
本发明解决因来风造成风轮阻力矩而使发电机效率降低的问题是应 用了切断风流场的原理， 通过设置的挡风物体， 将对风轮产生阻力矩的气 流挡住， 使其不能作用于风轮相应的叶片。 通过该挡风物体的阻拦， 可以 增加发电机的发电功率， 故而称该挡风物体为增能翼。
所述支架的一优选实施例是， 包括两根支撑杆， 两根支撑杆的一端与 所述增能翼的上下两端连接， 该支撑杆的另一端连接在所述中心塔柱上， 该两根支撑杆分别位于所述风力发电机的所述风轮的上方和下方。
所述增能翼可以是板式增能翼， 其包括一板件例如为一平板， 其固设 在所述支架上， 例如， 该平板的上下两端固设在两根所述支撑杆上， 该板 所述增能翼也可以是风轮式增能翼， 其包括一风轮， 例如为一垂直叶 片风轮， 其可转动地设置在一根风轮轴上， 该风轮轴固设在所述支架上， 例如， 该风轮轴的上下端固定在两根所述支撑杆上。 该增能翼风轮上叶片 的最外侧旋转形成的圓柱体轨迹构成所述挡风面。
具体的， 如图 3a所示， 一种带有板式增能翼的垂直轴风力发电机， 包括一垂直叶片风轮 01， 所述垂直叶片风轮 01上的叶片 02通过至少两 个支撑杆 05连接到风轮中的轮毂上， 至少一根支撑杆连接的轮毂与发电 机组件中的转子相连接，不与发电机组件连接的风轮轮毂可转动地设在塔 柱 03上。 而与发电机转子对应的定子也固设在塔柱 03上。 该叶片的形状 为一垂直的柱状体， 其水平截面为飞机机翼的断面形状， 即相对于风轮的 转轴， 其外侧表面和迎风的端面为圆滑过渡的流线型弧面， 叶片的迎风面 间距较大， 沿顺风方向， 间距逐渐减小， 该柱状体在垂直方向上水平截面 大小形状相同。
所述垂直叶片风轮 01上的叶片 02通过至少两个支撑杆 05连接到风 轮中的轮毂上， 至少一根支撑杆连接的轮毂与发电机组件中的转子相连 接， 不与发电机组件连接的风轮轮毂可转动地设在塔柱 9上。 而与发电机 转子对应的定子也固设在塔柱 9上。
还包括一增能翼， 为一平板 1， 其上下两端分别固联在上下两根支撑 杆 （图中未示出） 的一端， 该两根支撑杆的另一端固定在所述中心塔柱 03 上， 该两根支撑杆分别位于所述垂直风轮叶片的上方和下方； 该增能 翼的平板 1 , 其位于所述风轮叶片回转圓周轨迹 a的外面。 这样设置的增 能翼不会影响发电机的风轮 01的旋转，该增能翼位于风轮迎风面的前方， 平板板面与所述风轮 01 的接受来风气流而转动受阻的一侧迎风面的叶片 相对应， 挡住所述风轮的一侧迎风面， 使得发电机垂直风轮接受来风气流 A而使得转动受阻的一侧面被挡住。
所述增能翼平板 1 的远离所述中心塔柱的一端在所述风力发电机的 所述垂直叶片风轮被遮挡的所述一侧的最外端的外侧，至少与该最外端对 应。 平板的宽度优选至少为风轮 01的整个迎风面宽度 S的三分之一至二 分之一， 如图 3a所示的平板 即为其宽度是迎风面宽度 S的二分之一。
所述增能翼也可以是弧形板， 或平面和弧面结合的形状； 所述平板靠 近所述中心塔柱 03的一侧在迎风面的 180度至 330度之间， 或者， 对应 所述风轮 01 的俯视角度， 所述增能翼弧面的两端设置在风轮中心为坐标 系原点的第二象限中或从第二象限延伸至第三象限的范围内。
例如， 如图 3、 3a所示的平板 1或 2， 的靠近中心塔柱的一端在迎风 面中点（0° )为起始点起的 330° 的位置上， 或平板 1宽度在一侧挡住风 轮迎风面的三分之一或迎风面对应的中心角 60。 ， 或者， 平板 1 的靠近 中心塔柱的一段在迎风面中点（0° )为起始点起的 320° 的位置上。 这样 的增能翼可以确保风轮不产生不利于转动发电的阻力矩。
另外，弧形板或平面和弧面组合形状板式增能翼两侧边缘与风轮的塔 柱中心所做的坐标系的关系可以是：对应所述垂直轴风力发电机中风轮的 俯视角度，所述增能翼的挡风面的两端设置在所述风轮中心为坐标系原点 的第二象限内或者从第二象限延伸至第三象限范围内。即增能翼是在第二 象限内的弧形板， 该弧形板还可以延伸到第三象限。 其中的第二象限对应 的风轮迎风面，从其最外端向内至少一部分为可使风轮对应的叶片产生阻 力矩的所述侧面。所述增能翼的一端到达第二象限的外端后还可以向第三 象限延伸一段。 这时的增能翼即可以为弧形挡风面， 或平面和弧面组合的 挡风面。
增能翼平板也可以宽一些， 如图 3中的平板 Γ , 其挡住风轮迎风面 的二分之一， 或者， 平板 Γ 的靠近中心塔柱的一段在迎风面中点 （0° ) 的位置上。
如图 5、 6所示， 在另一个实施例中， 增能翼为风轮 2， 本带有风轮 式增能翼的垂直轴风力发电机风轮， 包括一垂直叶片风轮 01， 其可转动 地固设在一中心塔柱 03上， 其上通过支撑杆 021设有若干叶片 02, 竖直 风轮样式的增能翼 2, 在来风气流 A的作用下旋转， 其可以起到与平板样 式的增能翼相同的阻断气流作用在风力发电机风轮上产生阻力矩的作用。 增能翼风轮 2的结构也可以是与所述风力发电机中的所述风轮 01结构形 状相同， 即其中的叶片 23通过支撑杆 21， 连接到风轮中的轮毂上， 该轮 毂可转动地固定在风轮轴 20上，风轮轴 20的上下两端分别通过两根支撑 杆 21与中心塔柱 03连接， 其为可转动且定位的连接结构， 使得增能翼风 轮可以根据风向和需要调整和发电机风轮之间的相对位置关系。还可以在 中心塔柱的顶部和增能翼风轮 2 的风轮轴的上端之间连接一斜拉杆 22， 以增加增能翼与塔柱的连接稳定性。该增能翼风轮的叶片的形状为一垂直 的柱状体， 其水平截面为飞机机翼的断面形状， 即相对于风轮的转轴， 其 外侧表面和迎风的端面为圆滑过渡的流线型弧面，外侧表面和内侧表面之 间的间距为， 叶片的迎风面间距较大， 沿顺风方向， 间距逐渐减小， 在垂 直方向上， 该柱状体在垂直方向上水平截面大小形状相同。 所述增能翼风 轮上的叶片的高度与所述风力发电机垂直叶片风轮的叶片高度相当。更进 一步地，所述增能翼风轮 2和风轮轴 20之间可以设有小型发电机组装置。 该小型发电机装置的结构形式与大型垂直轴风力发电机的结构形式基本 相似， 定子设置在风轮轴上， 转子设置在定子的外围， 叶片通过支撑杆 21 ' 固定在转子的周面上。这样的增能翼不仅可以起到阻断气流作用在风 力发电机风轮上产生阻力矩的作用， 提高发电机的功率和效率， 同时， 还 能够额外发出电能，该电能可以与风力发电机发出的电力合并起来输送到 电网上， 更加提高本风力发电机的发电功率， 也可以通过连接蓄电装置而 将这一部分电能蓄积起来， 用于本风力发电机的其他用途。
所述增能翼的所述风轮也可以为若干个， 如图 7所示， 每个竖直风轮 23， 连接在所述风轮轴 20上。 纵向固设在所述风轮轴上， 各个所述风轮 上的叶片的高度以及相邻风轮叶片之间的垂直方向的间隙之和与所述垂 直叶片风轮的叶片高度相当。 这时， 若干个风轮可以是与上述如图 5、 6 所示的增能翼风轮相同结构的风轮， 也可以是其它形式的风轮， 例如为螺 旋桨式风轮。
这时， 对应风轮上的叶片可以是五片， 均布在风轮转轴的圆周上。 叶 片数量也可以是八个、 十二个。 而本垂直轴风力发电机的风轮 01 的叶片 数可以是 4- 24个。 如果叶片数目太少， 则对风场的利用率太低， 使得风 力发电机的功率小。 如果叶片数目太多， 则其离心力过大， 容易出现使叶 片脱落飞出的事故，
通过在风力发电机的风轮的前面设置增能翼，提高发电机的发电功率 和效率是明显的， 比较图 2和图 4所示， 两幅图的横坐标为叶片位置角， 单位为 "度" ， 纵坐标为叶片从风气流获得的有效驱动力矩值。 图 2所示 为没有设置本增能翼的发电机风轮， 风轮单叶片的扭矩在其转动的一周 中， 有效驱动力矩在 0以下的负值约占 25%。 图 4显示出安装了增能翼后 风力发电机的扭矩图， 可以看出， 曲线一直处于 0以上。 由此可以清楚地 看出， 有了增能翼后可以增加功率 20%-25%左右， 并且可以明显降低启动 风轮所需最低风速，使得使用本增能翼的风力发电机可在低风速情况下的 发电。
支撑所述增能翼的支架可以是前述的可绕中心塔柱转动的支撑杆结 构。 可以在所述塔柱上设置驱动机构， 其连接所述支撑杆， 通过该驱动机 构驱动增能翼绕塔柱转动， 从而根据风向调节增能翼与风轮的相对位置， 或者在风速较大不需要增能翼时将其从风轮的迎风面转到顺风面一侧。
支撑增能翼平板或风轮的支架也可以是设置在风力发电机旁边地基 上的支架。 为了使得增能翼可以调整位置， 可在地基上设置一个轨道， 例 如为一圆环形的轨道， 支架可在该轨道中移动。
如图 11、 12所示， 还包括一增能翼的位移机构， 包括一驱动装置， 所述驱动装置设置在所述固定机架上， 其与所述支架相连接， 使得该支架 位移而使设于其上的所述增能翼的挡风面挡住所述风轮的不同侧面。 具体的如图 11、 12所示， 增能翼风轮 401的风轮轴 405的上下两端 分别固联在上下两根支撑杆的一端，该两根支撑杆的另一端可转动地固定 在中心塔柱 409上，该两根支撑杆分别位于所述垂直风轮叶片的上方和下 方， 该增能翼为一挡风物体， 其位于所述风轮叶片回转圆周轨迹 a的外面 使之不会影响垂直叶片风轮的旋转， 并位于风轮迎风面的前方， 挡住所述 风轮的一侧迎风面，使得发电机垂直风轮接受来风气流 A而使得转动受阻 的一侧面被挡住。在两根支撑杆其中之一的与中心塔柱 409即上述的固定 机架的连接结构上连接驱动机构， 驱动所述支撑杆绕中心塔柱转动， 继而 带动所述增能翼转动， 来改变所述增能翼与风轮的位置关系， 以适应风向 的变化。
如图 11、 12所示， 所述支撑杆可以是包括两段， 其中靠近所述增能 翼的一段为单根杆段， 其一端与所述增能翼通过上述的主连接器连接， 另 一段为双杆段， 包括两根分杆， 例如固于增能翼上端的支撑杆中的分杆 413、 414 和固于增能翼下端的支撑杆中的分杆 （与上端的分杆相同） ， 该两根分杆的一端也可以通过上述的结构与轴承 411 的外圏固联， 分杆 413、 414通过支撑杆连接器 415与轴承 411外圈固联， 下部的分杆通过 支撑杆连接器与轴承 411外圈固联， 即在支撑杆连接器的侧壁上相应处开 设两个插孔， 分别插设一个支撑杆的两个分杆的端头固定， 即可实现其与 所述中心塔柱可转动地连接；在所述单根杆段和两根分杆之间设有一三通 连接器 412， 该三通连接器上设有三个连接部， 其成 Y形分布， 一侧的一 个连接部连接所述单根杆段的另一端，该三通连接器另一侧的两个连接部 分别连接两个所述分杆的另一端。
前述包括两分杆的支撑杆，可以对其支撑的重力和受到的阻力进行分 解， 这样的结构比起单杆的支撑杆其强度和刚度更大。 在承受同样重力和 阻力时， 这种结构的支撑杆可以做的更加纤细一些， 这样， 还可以降低风 轮的阻力。
如图 11所示， 在上支撑杆所连接的轴承的外圈可连接一驱动器 410, 其驱动所述轴承的外圈转动。 该驱动器设置在空心的中心塔柱内固定， 其 可以是一电机， 该电机的输出轴连接轴承的外圈。 该电机的电能输入端可 以连接电网。 也可以连接本风力发电机上设置的蓄电机构， 该蓄电机构可 以从风力发电机上得到电量， 也可以是， 风轮式增能翼的风轮与风轮轴之 间设置发电机组，风轮在用作增能翼起到阻挡相应叶片作用的同时又作为 发电机， 发出的电能由蓄电机构储蓄， 用来驱动增能翼旋转机构。
所述支撑装置中还包括一斜拉杆 407， 其一端设置连接结构与所述增 能翼上端固联，其另一端设置可转动连接结构与所述中心塔柱可转动地连 接，所述斜拉杆与所述中心塔柱连接的所述连接结构位置高于与所述增能 翼的上端连接的所述支撑杆与所述中心塔柱连接的所述连接结构。
本风力发电机风轮叶片如图 8、 9、 10所示， 如图 1所示， 本发明提 供的垂直轴风力发电机风轮的叶片， 包括构成叶片形状的骨架和固定在该 骨架外面的蒙皮（图中未示出） ， 该叶片的形状为一垂直的柱状体， 其水 平截面为飞机机翼的断面形状，即相对于风轮的转轴 313 (参见图 9、 10 ) , 叶片 311朝外的外侧表面为流线形状弧面，该外侧表面与相对的内侧表面 之间的圓滑过渡， 形成较大的迎风端即叶片的头部和较小的尾部。
相对于所述风轮转轴 313的垂直轴线，其柱状体的外侧表面和内侧表 面之间的间距从所述头部到尾部基本上是逐渐减小的；在叶片的垂直方向 上各所述水平截面大小形状相同。
如图 6所示， 相对于风轮转轴 313的垂直轴线， 叶片 311流线形的所 述外侧表面在沿设定半径圓的圓周方向设置，这里的设定半径的圓即为风 轮的半径， 其可以是根据风力发电机设计发电功率、 构件的强度、 刚度等 因素设定的。 该叶片与所述风轮的轮毂之间通过支撑杆 312连接；
所述叶片在风轮中的设置方式还可以是，相对于所述风轮转轴的垂直 轴线，所述叶片流线形的所述外侧表面在与沿设定半径圆的圆周切线方向 夹设定角度的方向设置， 例如沿螺旋线设置。 该叶片与所述风轮的轮毂之 间也是通过支撑杆连接。
这种叶片设置在风轮的外缘或接近外缘处，叶片与风轮轮毂或者发电 机的转动部件之间是通过支撑杆 312连接的。 因此， 叶片不再是又细又长 的形状， 在风轮的轮毂到其外缘很大的一段距离可以是连接叶片的支撑 杆， 而风轮上用于接受风力而转动的部分仅是外缘的垂直柱状的叶片。 这 样的叶片由于其具有飞机机翼式的外侧表面，气流流过可以很好地被叶片 利用， 转动效率很高的。 而将叶片与风轮轮毂连接的支撑杆， 其可以做成 强度和刚度都较高但风阻很小的的形状和结构，例如杆截面可以为椭圓形 截面。 这样， 就可以从根本上改变现有风轮叶片抗风能力差和功率效率较 低的问题。
本发明提供的叶片， 其要承受较大风力， 但还要求其转动阻力要小， 即其自身重量要轻， 但还应具有足够的强度、 刚度。 因此， 本叶片的骨架 可以这样设计：
如图 8所示， 所述骨架包括有叶片骨架 301、 骨架主筋 303、 骨架副 筋 302、 307和叶型支撑杆，
叶片骨架 301为若干个，其为构成叶片柱状体的所述水平截面的飞机 机翼形状的框架， 在叶片的垂直方向以设定间距对正排布；
骨架主筋 303和骨架副筋 302、 307为若干垂直设置的杆件， 例如为 直杆， 所述叶片的每根骨架主筋 303和骨架副筋 302、 307都绕所有叶片 骨架 301的所述框架设置，每根所述骨架主筋和骨架副筋与所有所述叶片 骨架的所述框架在一垂直方向上有一交汇固联点，按设定间距固定叶片骨 架 301周围设置的各个骨架主筋和骨架副筋形成叶片 311的音架侧壁支撑 所述蒙皮；
叶型支撑扞支撑设在叶片骨架 301形成的框架的相对的侧边之间，例 如，叶型支撑杆设置在该框架所在的平面内，其两端与叶片骨架 301固联， 即叶型支撑杆的两端分别固定在叶片骨架的对应叶片相对的所述外侧表 面和内侧表面的框架上， 以支撑保持叶片骨架的框架的形状不变。
叶型支撑杆可以是包括两种，一种是相互平行地设置在所述叶片骨架 形成的框架之间的若干直杆的叶型支撑杆 304。
所述骨架主筋 303和骨架副筋 302与所述叶片骨架 301上设置的所述 叶型支撑杆 4的交点交汇固定。
还有一类是斜拉杆 306， 其一端固定在所述外侧表面一根叶型支撑直 杆 304的一端，其另一端固定在所述内侧表面另一f艮叶型支撑杆 304的一 端； 且进一步地， 斜拉杆可以是固定在与所述骨架主筋 303和叶型支撑杆 304的交汇固定点上
所述骨架主筋为其强度和 /或刚度较大的杆件， 所述骨架副筋为强度 和 /或刚度较小的杆件。
骨架主筋的分布优选如下方案：四根骨架主筋 303两根设置在叶片外 侧表面一侧，另外两根设置在叶片内侧表面一侧，在叶片的水平截面上看 , 四根骨架主筋 303构成一四边形，在叶片的垂直设置质量中心的周围且使 得叶片的质量由该四根骨架主筋平衡。
骨架主筋 301和骨架副筋可以是同样轻型铝型材制作，也可以是不同 材质制作， 骨架主筋为截面较所述骨架副筋大的空心杆体。
为了提高骨架主筋的刚度和强度，所述骨架主筋的杆纵向空心腔室中 可以设有纵向间隔壁， 将一个大腔室分割为两个较小的腔室。
所述叶片骨架也可以为空心杆体，该杆纵向空腔通过纵向间隔壁分割 成两个纵向腔室。
将空心杆件的纵向腔室通过间壁分割开，这样的杆件结构可以在提高 其刚性和强度的同时， 有效减轻叶片的重量。
所述叶片骨架、 骨架主筋、 骨架副筋和叶型支撑杆优选轻型铝制型材 制作。 骨架中的各个杆件之间通过焊接或胶粘固联， 胶粘固联使用的胶粘 剂可以是两性胶粘剂。
这样的骨架主筋和叶片骨架结构， 可以很好地保证叶片的刚度和强 度， 而叶片的重量则很轻。 这就可以使得由该叶片构成的风轮的启动风力 很小， 该风力发电机可以在风力很小时就能发电。 经试验可以， 本叶片构 成的风轮可以在二级风下转动发电。 而骨架的上述结构， 又可以使得本叶 片的强度、 刚度很大， 其承受的极限风力可达 50m/s , 能够在 35米 /秒即 将近台风的风力下正常工作。 因此， 使用本发明提供的风轮叶片的风力发 电机， 在一般风机都要停车的大风情况下可以继续安全发电。 这一点对于 风力发电向电网供电是非常有意义的。加上本风轮的叶片一改现有技术存 在诸多问题的叶片形状， 不易变形、 折断， 寿命长， 所以， 风场中使用本 风轮， 因气候或故障停止工作的情况很少， 电网可以持久稳定地获得风能 电量。 这对于大力发展风力发电提供了可靠的保障， 对国计民生、 保护环 境、可持续的经济发展都有重要意义。再有，本叶片还具有组合加工简单， 成型精度高的优点。
以上对本发明所提供的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机进行了详细的 说明。 对本领域的技术人员而言， 在不背离本发明实质精神的前提下对它 所做的任何显而易见的改动， 都将构成对本发明专利权的侵犯， 将承担相 应的法律责任。 工业实用， ϋ 本发明的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 应用于工业发电领域。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在于， 包括一风轮， 其可转动地固设在一中心塔柱上， 所述风轮上设有若干叶片， 在所述风轮 和塔柱之间设置发电机组， 该发电机组的定子部分环绕设置在塔柱上， 转 子部分设置在所述定子部分的外周， 并与风轮的轮毂固联；
还包括一增能翼， 该增能翼为一挡风物体， 其以不阻挡所述叶片的转 动的方式设置在一支架上， 且位于所述风轮迎风面的前方， 该增能翼的挡 风面与所述风轮的接受来风气流而转动受阻的一侧迎风面的叶片相对应， 使得所述风轮由于来风气流而转动受阻的侧面被挡住，该支架设置在一固 定机架上。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在 于， 所述增能翼是板式增能翼， 其包括一板件， 其固设在所述支架上， 该 者，
所述增能翼是风轮式增能翼， 其包括至少一风轮， 其可转动地设置在 一根风轮轴上， 该风轮轴固设在所述支架上， 该增能翼风轮上叶片的最外 侧旋转形成的圓柱体轨迹构成所述挡风面。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在 于， 所述垂直轴风力发电机的所述风轮为垂直叶片风轮， 其中的叶片通过 两根或多根支撑杆连接到风轮中的轮毂上，所述轮毂的至少一个与所述风 力发电机的转子相连接， 另外的所述轮毂与所述中心塔柱可转动地连接； 该叶片的形状为一垂直的柱状体， 其水平截面为飞机机翼的断面形状， 即 相对于风轮的转轴， 叶片朝外的外侧表面为流线形状弧面， 该外侧表面与 相对的内侧表面之间的圆滑过渡，形成较大的迎风端即叶片的头部和较小 的尾部； 和 /或， 该柱状体在垂直方向上各水平截面大小形状相同。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在 于， 所述增能翼的所述风轮为垂直叶片风轮， 其中的叶片通过支撑杆连接 到风轮中的轮毂上，该轮毂可转动地固定在与所述塔柱平行设置的所述风 轮转轴上， 该叶片的形状为一垂直的柱状体， 其水平截面为飞机机翼的断 面形状， 即叶片朝外的外侧表面为流线形状弧面， 该外侧表面与相对的内 侧表面之间的圓滑过渡， 形成较大的迎风端即叶片的头部和较小的尾部； 和 /或， 该柱状体在垂直方向上各水平截面大小形状相同； 或者，
所述增能翼的风轮为螺旋桨式风轮。
5. 根据权利要求 2或 4所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特 征在于， 所述增能翼的所述风轮是一个； 或者， 所述增能翼的所述风轮为 若干个， 其均设置在所述风轮转轴上； 或者，
在所述增能翼的所述风轮和所述风轮轴之间设置发电机组，所述风轮 连接所述发电机组的转子， 构成风力发电机。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在 于， 当所述增能翼的所述风轮是一个时， 所述风轮上的叶片的高度与所述 风力发电机的所述风轮的所述叶片高度相当； 或者， 当所述风轮是若干个 时，各个所述风轮上的叶片的高度以及相邻风轮叶片之间的垂直方向的间 隙之和与风力发电机的所述风轮的所述叶片高度相当。
7. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 4所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在于，所述增能翼的远离所述中心塔柱的一侧至少与所述风力发电 机的所述风轮接受来风气流而转动受阻的一侧迎风面的最外侧对应。
8. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 4所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在于，所述增能翼的所述挡风面为平面或弧面或平面和弧面结合的 形状； 和 /或，
所述增能翼的所述挡风面的远离所述垂直轴风力发电机的中心塔柱 的最外侧边缘边至少与所述垂直轴风力发电机的所述风轮的所述迎风面 的所述侧面的最外侧对应； 和 /或，
所述增能翼的所述挡风面的宽度为所述风力发电机的风轮整个迎风 面的三分之一至二分之一； 和 /或，
所述增能翼的所述挡风面靠近所述垂直轴风力发电机的中心塔柱的 一侧边缘在所述迎风面的中点为起始点起以所述中心塔柱为中心顺时针 转角 180度至 330度所对应的迎风面上； 或者，
所述增能翼的所述挡风面为弧面， 该弧面的两端是：
对应所述垂直轴风力发电机中风轮的俯视角度，所述增能翼的挡风面 的两端设置在所述风轮中心为坐标系原点的第二象限内或者从第二象限 延伸至第三象限范围内。
9. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 4所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在于， 所述支架包括两根支撑杆， 两根支撑杆的一端与所述增能翼 的上下两端连接， 该支撑杆的另一端连接在所述中心塔柱上， 该两根支撑 度为使得所述增能翼位于所述风轮叶片回转圆周轨迹的外面； 或者， 所述支架设置在所述垂直轴风力发电机风轮旁边的基础上，使得所述 增能翼位于所述风轮叶片回转圓周轨迹的外面。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在 于， 所述支撑杆可转动且可定位地固设在所述中心塔柱上； 或者，
在支承所述支架的所述基础上设置轨道，所述支架可位移地设于该轨 道上。
11. 根据权利要求 1或 9所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特 征在于， 还包括一增能翼的位移机构， 包括一驱动装置， 所述驱动装置设 置在所述固定机架上， 其与所述支架相连接， 使得该支架位移而使设于其 上的所述增能翼的挡风面挡住所述风轮的不同侧面。
12. 根据权利要求 1或 3所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特 征在于，所述风力发电机风轮中的叶片包括构成叶片形状的骨架和固定在 该骨架外面的蒙皮， 所述骨架包括有叶片骨架、 骨架筋和叶型支撑杆， 所述叶片骨架为若干个，其为叶片柱状体的所述水平截面飞机机翼形 状的框架， 在叶片的垂直方向以设定间距对正排布；
所述骨架筋为若干直杆件，各个骨架筋环绕在对正排布的若干所述叶 片骨架框架的周围，每根所述骨架筋与所有所述叶片骨架的所述框架在一 垂直方向上有一交汇固联点， 形成叶片的侧壁骨架来支撑和 /或固联所述 蒙皮；
所述叶型支撑杆的两端支撑固定在所述叶片骨架形成的所述框架上 相对位置的杆体上， 以支撑保持该框架的形状。
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征 在于， 所述骨架筋包含四根骨架主筋和若干根骨架副筋， 所述骨架主筋是 这样分布的： 其中两根所述骨架主筋设置在对应叶片的所述外侧表面一 侧， 另外两根所述骨架主筋设置在对应叶片的所述内侧表面一侧， 在所述 叶片的水平截面上， 四根所述骨架主筋构成一四边形， 并设在所述叶片的 垂直设置下质量中心的周围且使得所述叶片的质量由该四根骨架主筋平 衡。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征 在于， 所述骨架主筋为其强度和 /或刚度较大的杆件， 所述骨架副筋为强 度和 /或刚度较小的杆件； 和 /或，
所述骨架主筋和骨架副筋与所述叶片骨架的连接点与所述叶型支撑 杆和所述叶片骨架的交点交汇固定；
所述骨架主筋、骨架副筋与所述叶片骨架的连接点交汇于所述叶型支 撑杆和所述叶片骨架的连接点。
15. 根据权利要求 3所述的高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机， 其特征在 于， 相对于所述风轮转轴的垂直轴线， 所述叶片流线形的所述外侧表面在 沿设定半径圓的圆周方向设置； 或者， 相对于所述风轮转轴的垂直轴线， 所述叶片流线形的所述外侧表面在与沿设定半径圓的圓周切线方向夹设 定角度的方向设置。
PCT/CN2011/000174 2010-02-08 2011-01-31 高效大功率垂直轴风力发电机 WO2011095054A1 (zh)

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CN112145342A (zh) * 2020-10-13 2020-12-29 刘建东 一种聚风式垂直轴风力发电机
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