WO2011085808A1 - Convertisseur de mesure pour détecter la densité d'un liquide - Google Patents

Convertisseur de mesure pour détecter la densité d'un liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011085808A1
WO2011085808A1 PCT/EP2010/050334 EP2010050334W WO2011085808A1 WO 2011085808 A1 WO2011085808 A1 WO 2011085808A1 EP 2010050334 W EP2010050334 W EP 2010050334W WO 2011085808 A1 WO2011085808 A1 WO 2011085808A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmitter
liquid
density
medium
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/050334
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Weiler
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/EP2010/050334 priority Critical patent/WO2011085808A1/fr
Publication of WO2011085808A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011085808A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/10—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials
    • G01N9/12—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials by observing the depth of immersion of the bodies, e.g. hydrometers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4297—Arrangements for detecting or measuring the condition of the washing water, e.g. turbidity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/10—Water cloudiness or dirtiness, e.g. turbidity, foaming or level of bacteria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/26—Indication or alarm to the controlling device or to the user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/10—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials
    • G01N9/12—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials by observing the depth of immersion of the bodies, e.g. hydrometers
    • G01N9/18—Special adaptations for indicating, recording, or control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring transducer for detecting the density of a liquid, which is movably insertable into the fluid and its density or is predetermined ⁇ adjustable that it floats on the surface of the liquid, according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • transducers for determining physical or chemical properties of the process medium are usually used, which must be fastened by means of expensive flanges or bushings on media-carrying containers or pipes.
  • this has the disadvantage that with a transmitter only the prevailing at the installation of the transmitter Me ⁇ dieneigenschaften can be determined.
  • Me ⁇ dieneigenschaften For location-dependent detection of the properties of the medium, a large number of transducers is required, each of which must be installed at the locations at which measured values are to be recorded.
  • this procedure is very expensive. From WO 2007/061306 Al a control system for process engineering equipment is known which has sensors and actuators that float in the medium moving.
  • the sensors described there are also transducers that serve to detect a physical or chemical size of the medium.
  • a location-dependent detection of a physical or chemical size of the medium is possible and processes in which the process medium is not homogeneously mixed, for example, or in which locally different process conditions occur, can be better managed, so that ultimately an increase in the quality of the products produced is achieved
  • the known transmitter is provided with an energy storage for its supply of the energy required for operation, by a drive device which serves to move the transmitter in the medium, however, a substantial part of the energy supply for a test drive ver ⁇ needs.
  • the energy storage must therefore be changed frequently or recharged in the case of a loadable memory. This is associated with a high maintenance and the mission of the transmitter are limited.
  • AI transmitter also be ⁇ known that can be movably inserted for data acquisition in a fluid medium.
  • the energy required for movement of the transmitter in the medium to comparable wrestlers, the specific gravity of the transmitter is a ⁇ adjustable. If the specific weight of the transmitter differs from the specific weight of the medium, measuring runs of the transmitter can be carried out practically without consumption of operating energy. The off eventual use of the difference between the weight of the measuring ⁇ converter and the lift force generated by its displacement in the medium allows a limited control of the obtained BEWE ⁇ transmission speed.
  • a radio interface is used as a means for outputting the location-dependent or measured values to, for example, a device for controlling the process taking place in the container.
  • the ultra-wideband, Bluetooth, WLAN, ZigBee or RFID called interfaces.
  • the output of the measured values can be be ⁇ already on site, or the measured values can time and location provided cached in the transmitter and transmitted after reaching a preferred communication point.
  • An on-site measurement of the measured values has the advantage that the measured values are present without further delay for further processing, for example, to guide a process taking place in a reactor. This can react very quickly to changes.
  • the location of the transmitter is performed using the radio signals transmitted or received with the radio interface. Such a location is possible with many known transmission standards. Is the different measured values thus its place of registration can be assigned so that a local profile of jeweili ⁇ gen physical or chemical quantity available.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a transmitter which is movable in the liquid used and with comparatively simple means is able to ei ⁇ NEN measurement of the specific gravity of the liquid to be ⁇ far.
  • the invention is based on the use of transducers whose density is predetermined or adjustable such that they are at the surface of the liquid in which they are inserted. are swimming, floating. This can be achieved on the one hand with transducers, the density of which is already determined during production and dependent on the particular fluid in which the transducers are to be used, and thus predetermined.
  • the Messumfor ⁇ mer can be provided with means for variably adjusting its specific gravity, so that they can change the density during their Einsat ⁇ zes locally. Both variants make it possible to design transducers in such a way that, due to their specific weight, they assume positions at boundary layers between different states of matter of a medium or between media of different densities.
  • the density of the transmitter is thus chosen such that it is located at the boundary layer and only partially immersed in the medium with the higher specific gravity. This is done by adjusting the density of the transmitter so that it is between the higher density of the medium at the interface below and the lower density of the medium on the interface.
  • the measuring principle is based on the fact that a ⁇ dipped for example at a boundary layer between the gaseous and the liquid physical state of a medium, the transmitter as far as into the liquid until the weight of the displaced liquid to the weight of the transmitter corresponds. The smaller the density of the liquid, the more the transmitter will submerge in the same weight.
  • the weight of the transmitter can be considered as the product of its specific weight and its volume ⁇ be calculated in a simple manner to calculate the density of the heavier medium may of course recognized as an alternative on the basis of the latter instead of the sizes Messumformeristens.
  • the depth of immersion of the transmitter in the heavier liquid ⁇ ness can automatically be at the surface of the transmitter or in the interior of ER- averages by means of a suitable sensor.
  • one or more sensors can more or less determine the level of the heavier fluid at the transmitter housing, whose measuring principle is based on optical effects, such as the utilization of photoresistors, phototransistors or photodiodes, on the conductivity of the liquid or on capacitive effects.
  • optical effects such as the utilization of photoresistors, phototransistors or photodiodes
  • a riser ⁇ pipe is used, which exits the bottom and top of the Meßumformergeoph se, so that the immersion depth is reflected in a corre ⁇ sponding level or level change in the riser.
  • the riser is located in a condenser, whose capacity also changes with level changes in the pipe.
  • the cause is the different dielectric constants of the medium of higher density and the medi ⁇ ums lower density.
  • the riser may alternatively be used in a plurality of capacitors, which each detect a portion of the riser.
  • the displacement volume Vo can be calculated as:
  • V 0 ⁇ h 2 (3r - h)) / 3 with h - immersion depth
  • the location of the boundary layer it ⁇ averages and thus a level measurement can be carried out by locating the transmitter.
  • the location can be determined, for example, based on the duration of the radio ⁇ signals and the known geometric conditions in the arrangement of transmitter and base stations. From the determined position of the transmitter results Finally, the level of the heavier medium in a container.
  • a particularly reliable determination of the insertion depth is made possible if an unambiguous alignment of the transmitter is set in the floating state by the position of the center of gravity of Messum ⁇ formers in the transmitter housing.
  • This can be achieved, for example, by transducers that are partially made of very high density material and have an eccentric cavity. This results in a likewise eccentric center of gravity, which comes to lie for example in a floating spherical transducer vertically below the center of the transmitter.
  • Very accurate density detection results can be achieved even with boundary layers between two liquid media of different densities if the transmitter housing has a stable outer shape overall and there is a container inside the housing that is used to adjust the density of the transmitter.
  • Preference ⁇ way are available to adjust the density means, with which liquid can be fed into the container or liquid can be removed from the container.
  • the transmitter namely, has an average density, which depends on the ratio Zvi ⁇ 's cavity in the container inflated with fluid portion of the container and the material of construction of the transmitter with a relatively high density. Over a narrow channel, which preferably has vertically downwards and thus ensure that the higher density fluid is passed into the loading ⁇ container, liquid of higher density can be pumped on or pumped out.
  • the adjustment of the container filling for example, by means of a valve and / or a micropump, which are controlled in a suitable manner, take place.
  • this can change its density by receiving or delivering the liquid medium targeted.
  • To increase the density medium is pumped into the container and pumped to reduce the density of the medium again.
  • This enables "dipping" or “rising” from one boundary layer to the next, for example, if several media, each with a different specific weight, are stacked on top of one another in a reactor. It is thus possible to determine successively the respective density of the different media.
  • other physical or chemical properties may be measured by adjustable density transducers aimed at different locations in the reactor.
  • a group of transmitters can automatically configure themselves using built-in wireless communication to populate all relevant locations in the medium with transducers. This can for example be done by a transmitter as
  • Master configures all available neighbors with different values of the density to be set, so that they then have the appropriate amount of medium in their containers. Record to set the desired density.
  • liquid and solid is present substantially in the three states of matter, such transmitters offer the possibility, portable use these first with a density which is lower than that of the liquid Medi ⁇ around in the liquid.
  • measurements are first made at the boundary layer between the gaseous and liquid state of matter.
  • the density in the liquid state of aggregation is additionally determined and reported as a measured value to a process control. Thereafter, fluid can be pumped into the container of the transmitter and is ⁇ ne density can be increased over that of the liquid medium addition.
  • the housing of the transmitter is substantially spherical and has ei ⁇ nen diameter between 5 and 10 cm.
  • a transmitter is characterized by a particularly good handling when inserting or removing from the process and provides enough space for the various components of the transmitter.
  • the risk of jamming or wedging the transmitter in a container or pipe is particularly low due to its spherical shape.
  • the above-mentioned, comparatively easy to calculate formula for the dependence of the displacement volume of the immersion depth of the transmitter can be specified.
  • the transmitter has on its upper side a device for determining the incident luminous flux.
  • a device for determining the incident luminous flux By evaluating the light Stroms can be determined in a particularly simple manner, whether foam has formed on the boundary layer to which the transmitter is located. If defined light conditions have been created in the environment of the transmitter, it can be determined by means of a simple, light-sensitive sensor system whether the light arrives at the transmitter only attenuated and thus is covered by foam. Reliable information about possibly existing
  • Foaming is important in many processes for process control. In addition, based on the information about foam formation, the accuracy of a level measurement can be improved.
  • the photosensitive sensor preferably has a photo ⁇ diode or alternatively a phototransistor, which is or incorporated into the surface of the transmitter in such a way that with respect to the photosensitivity senk ⁇ right orientation is ensured upwards. In this direction is above the transmitter vorzugswei ⁇ se a defined light source that emits a monochromatic light.
  • the thickness and concentration of a foam layer above the photosensitive sensor ensures an exponential decrease in light intensity, which reaches the sensor.
  • This Ge ⁇ releasing applies generally to the decrease in the intensity of in-absorbing substances traveling radiation. It represents the relationship for calculating the thickness of an existing foam layer as a function of the attenuation of optical radiation in the light-damping foam.
  • a particularly reliable statement about the presence of a foam layer can therefore be obtained if the threshold value, below which the presence of foam is closed, is predetermined as a function of a calibration value determined in the foam-free state.
  • Threshold additionally given in dependence on a further calib ⁇ rierhongs, which was determined in foam with known properties. From the two quantities, an extinction coefficient can be determined in an advantageous manner, which is used in Lambert-Beer's law as a parameter for characterizing the damping properties of the foam. With this knowledge, a quantitative statement about the thickness of a foam layer is advantageously possible. At a suitably selected operating point of the photosensitive sensor system, a measurement signal can be obtained from the incident light, which is approximately proportional to the intensity of the incident light over a large range.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of a transmitter, a sectional view of a transmitter with adjustable specific gravity, a transmitter with detection of foaming and a sectional view of a transmitter to explain the means for determining the immersion depth.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a transmitter 1 is provided ⁇ .
  • This is equipped with a device 2 for adjusting the specific gravity of the transmitter 1, which can be controlled by a control and evaluation device 5 and returns to this a signal for displaying the currently set ⁇ density.
  • a sensor 3 is the respective immersion depth of the transmitter 1 detected in a Me ⁇ dium.
  • the sensor 3 delivers to the drive and off ⁇ values means 5, a measurement signal 4 corresponding to the respective immersion depth.
  • the incident on the top of the transmitter 1 luminous flux is detected and given a corresponding signal 11 to the drive and evaluation device 5.
  • Further sensors of the transmitter 1, which serve to detect further physical or chemical quantities of the medium, are not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity.
  • the control and evaluation device 5 calculates a measurement value for the density of a medium into which the measuring transducer 1 is inserted in a floating manner .
  • the measured value is temporarily stored in a memory 9 together with an indication of the location at which the transmitter 1 is located at the time of the measurement and the time of the measurement.
  • the memory 9 also he ⁇ karte calibration and threshold values are stored at a start-up of the transmitter. 1
  • the determined measured value is transmitted via a radio link 8 as an indication signal whose content corresponds to the respective measured value to a reading device not shown in FIG.
  • the location of the measurement is determined by a location device, for example by means of a GPS receiver or another radio location device.
  • the information about the density of the medium obtained with the aid of the transmitter 1 can be used to improve the management of a process in which the media density is detected with the aid of the transmitter 1.
  • the housing 21 of the Mes ⁇ sumformers 20 is made of a material, for example stainless steel, manufactured, which has a comparatively high specific gravity.
  • An unambiguous alignment of the transmitter 20 is thereby achieved that a thickening housing 22 is provided in the lower region of its Gerosu ⁇ ses 21 so that the center of gravity of the transmitter 20 from the center away to the un ⁇ th is shifted. This leads to a clear orientation of the transmitter 20 in the floating state.
  • a container 23 which can receive a liquid medium or can be completely emptied.
  • a micropump 24 For filling or emptying of the container 23, a micropump 24 is provided, which is connected by a channel 25, which exits from the housing 21 at the lowest point, with the surrounding ⁇ exercise.
  • the micropump 24 is formed such that by the Ka ⁇ nal 25 a liquid medium is employed in which the transmitter 20 floating, pumped or to increase the density of the measuring ⁇ converter 20 in the interior of the container 23 to lower the specific gravity of the Transmitter 20 can be transported out of this again into the environment.
  • the transmitter 20 is thus able to change its specific weight in a wide range and adapt to the particular application.
  • the principle of foam detection will now be explained with reference to FIG.
  • a foam layer 32 Above the liquid medium 31, a foam layer 32 has formed, over which in turn a medium 33 is in the gaseous state.
  • a light flux incident on the top of the foam layer 32 is izes sym ⁇ by an arrow 34th
  • the measuring transducer 30 is provided on its upper side with a photodiode 35, which detects the intensity of the part of the luminous flux 34 which passes through the foam layer 32 and reaches the photodiode 35.
  • the detected luminous flux falls below a predetermined value
  • FIG. 4 serves to explain an advantageous device for the automatic determination of the immersion depth of a transmitter 40.
  • a vertically oriented riser 42 Arranged inside the transmitter housing 41 is a vertically oriented riser 42 which emerges openly from the housing 41 both at the underside of the transmitter 40 and at its top.
  • a "level" that is, an altitude of a boundary layer in the riser pipe 42.
  • the capacitance of a capacitor 43 which is built around the riser 42 changes
  • the capacitance change can be detected, for example, as a shift in the resonant frequency of an electrical resonant circuit and evaluated in the control and evaluation device 5 (FIG means for determining the depth of immersion is characterized by high accuracy and relatively low energy consumption.
  • FOG means for determining the depth of immersion is characterized by high accuracy and relatively low energy consumption.
  • other physical effects such as light refraction due to un ⁇ ter Kunststoffmaschinenas of the various media, are evaluated by the condensation Ator 43 replaced by a located at the same location photodiode array and the riser 42 is made transparent.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un convertisseur de mesure (1) pour enregistrer la densité d'un liquide (31), qui peut être inséré de façon mobile dans le liquide et dont la densité est prédéfinie ou est réglable de telle sorte qu'il flotte sur la surface du liquide (31). Pour l'enregistrement de la densité du liquide, qui représente dans de nombreux cas une grandeur importante pour l'optimisation du processus, on dispose de moyens (42, 43) pour la détermination automatique de la profondeur d'immersion du convertisseur de mesure dans le liquide et pour générer un signal de mesure (4) approprié. Un dispositif d'analyse (5) calcule en fonction du signal de mesure (4) et de la densité du convertisseur de mesure une valeur de mesure pour la densité du liquide et enfin un signal est délivré par le convertisseur de mesure pour l'affichage de la valeur de mesure.
PCT/EP2010/050334 2010-01-13 2010-01-13 Convertisseur de mesure pour détecter la densité d'un liquide WO2011085808A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/050334 WO2011085808A1 (fr) 2010-01-13 2010-01-13 Convertisseur de mesure pour détecter la densité d'un liquide

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/050334 WO2011085808A1 (fr) 2010-01-13 2010-01-13 Convertisseur de mesure pour détecter la densité d'un liquide

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WO2011085808A1 true WO2011085808A1 (fr) 2011-07-21

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3761243A1 (fr) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-06 ABB Schweiz AG Capteur et procédé de surveillance de chaîne logisitique
US11225746B2 (en) 2018-08-27 2022-01-18 Ecolab Usa Inc. System and technique for extracting particulate-containing liquid samples without filtration

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19839112A1 (de) * 1998-08-27 2000-03-09 Bartec Componenten & Syst Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Volumenbestimmung
US6057773A (en) * 1994-02-25 2000-05-02 Shukla; Ashok K. Unanchored sensor for fluid characteristics
US20030227394A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-12-11 The Procter & Gamble Co Sensor device and methods for using same
WO2007061306A1 (fr) 2005-11-23 2007-05-31 Technische Universiteit Delft Systeme de regulation, et capteur et actionneur destines a etre utilises dans ce systeme de regulation
WO2009000283A1 (fr) * 2007-06-22 2008-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Convertisseur de mesure de niveau de remplissage
WO2009033495A1 (fr) * 2007-09-10 2009-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour la mesure localisée d'une grandeur physique ou chimique d'un milieu, transducteur de mesure et système d'entraînement pour un tel dispositif
WO2009033496A1 (fr) 2007-09-10 2009-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour la mesure localisée d'une grandeur physique ou chimique dans un milieu, transducteur de mesure et système d'entraînement pour un tel dispositif
WO2009110784A1 (fr) * 2008-03-05 2009-09-11 Lely Patent N.V. Dispositif de mesure destiné à être disposé dans un réservoir de lait, agencement de mesure comprenant un dispositif de mesure et procédé de surveillance d'un réservoir de lait et/ou d'une quantité de lait présente dans le réservoir de lait

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6057773A (en) * 1994-02-25 2000-05-02 Shukla; Ashok K. Unanchored sensor for fluid characteristics
DE19839112A1 (de) * 1998-08-27 2000-03-09 Bartec Componenten & Syst Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Volumenbestimmung
US20030227394A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-12-11 The Procter & Gamble Co Sensor device and methods for using same
WO2007061306A1 (fr) 2005-11-23 2007-05-31 Technische Universiteit Delft Systeme de regulation, et capteur et actionneur destines a etre utilises dans ce systeme de regulation
WO2009000283A1 (fr) * 2007-06-22 2008-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Convertisseur de mesure de niveau de remplissage
WO2009033495A1 (fr) * 2007-09-10 2009-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour la mesure localisée d'une grandeur physique ou chimique d'un milieu, transducteur de mesure et système d'entraînement pour un tel dispositif
WO2009033496A1 (fr) 2007-09-10 2009-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour la mesure localisée d'une grandeur physique ou chimique dans un milieu, transducteur de mesure et système d'entraînement pour un tel dispositif
WO2009110784A1 (fr) * 2008-03-05 2009-09-11 Lely Patent N.V. Dispositif de mesure destiné à être disposé dans un réservoir de lait, agencement de mesure comprenant un dispositif de mesure et procédé de surveillance d'un réservoir de lait et/ou d'une quantité de lait présente dans le réservoir de lait

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11225746B2 (en) 2018-08-27 2022-01-18 Ecolab Usa Inc. System and technique for extracting particulate-containing liquid samples without filtration
US11739460B2 (en) 2018-08-27 2023-08-29 Ecolab Usa Inc. System and technique for extracting particulate-containing liquid samples without filtration
EP3761243A1 (fr) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-06 ABB Schweiz AG Capteur et procédé de surveillance de chaîne logisitique
WO2021001378A1 (fr) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-07 Abb Schweiz Ag Capteur et procédé de surveillance d'un circuit d'approvisionnement

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