WO2011078102A1 - Novel phenoxypyrimidine derivative - Google Patents

Novel phenoxypyrimidine derivative Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011078102A1
WO2011078102A1 PCT/JP2010/072848 JP2010072848W WO2011078102A1 WO 2011078102 A1 WO2011078102 A1 WO 2011078102A1 JP 2010072848 W JP2010072848 W JP 2010072848W WO 2011078102 A1 WO2011078102 A1 WO 2011078102A1
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group
diabetic
pharmaceutical composition
phenyl
compound
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PCT/JP2010/072848
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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芳一 宇都
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第一三共株式会社
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/16Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P15/00Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P27/00Drugs for disorders of the senses
    • A61P27/02Ophthalmic agents
    • A61P27/12Ophthalmic agents for cataracts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06Antihyperlipidemics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compound having a specific chemical structure having an excellent acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (hereinafter also referred to as DGAT) inhibitory action and an excellent antifeedant action, or a pharmacologically Relates to acceptable salts.
  • DGAT diacylglycerol acyltransferase
  • triglyceride triacylglycerol or triglyceride, hereinafter also referred to as TG
  • TG triglyceride
  • TG ingested by the meal is broken down into free fatty acids and monoacylglycerol by the action of bile acids and pancreatic lipase in the lumen of the small intestine.
  • Micelles composed of free fatty acid, monoacylglycerol and bile acid are absorbed into small intestinal epithelial cells, and in the endoplasmic reticulum by the action of acylcoenzyme A synthase (hereinafter referred to as ACS), acylcoenzyme A: monoacylglycerol acyltransferase and DGAT.
  • ACS acylcoenzyme A synthase
  • TG in combination with phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoprotein, is secreted into the gastrointestinal lymphatic vessels as kilomicrons. Furthermore, TG is secreted into the blood via the lymph main duct and transported to the periphery for use.
  • TG is synthesized from glycerol 3-phosphate and free fatty acids by the action of ACS, glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase, lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, and DGAT (Non-patent Document 2).
  • ACS glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase
  • DGAT Non-patent Document 2
  • DGAT is an enzyme that is present in the endoplasmic reticulum in the cell and catalyzes the most important final step reaction in the TG synthesis pathway, that is, the reaction of transferring the acyl group of acylcoenzyme A to the 3-position of 1,2-diacylglycerol.
  • Non-Patent Documents 3 to 5 It has been reported that DGAT has two types of isozymes DGAT1 (Non-patent document 6) and DGAT2 (Non-patent document 7).
  • DGAT1 is highly expressed in the small intestine and adipose tissue
  • DGAT2 is highly expressed in the liver and adipose tissue
  • DGAT1 is mainly used for fat absorption from the small intestine and fat accumulation in the adipose tissue
  • DGAT2 is used for TG synthesis or VLDL in the liver. (Very low density lipoproteins) secretion and fat accumulation in adipose tissue.
  • DGAT is a key enzyme for TG synthesis in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and adipose tissue, and a drug that inhibits DGAT suppresses fat absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and fat accumulation in adipose tissue by suppressing TG synthesis, and obesity , Obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, or obesity-induced hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, lipid metabolism It is expected to be useful as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for abnormal diseases, insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular disorder, coronary artery disease, etc. 9 to 13).
  • An appetite suppressant directly or indirectly regulates the appetite control system, but its mechanism of action is roughly divided into central and peripheral.
  • An appetite suppressant acting centrally acts on the hypothalamic nervous system where the feeding center and satiety center exist and the monoamine nervous system in the brain that regulates the nervous system, thereby directly suppressing appetite.
  • an appetite suppressant that acts on the periphery acts on a mechanism that senses and transmits the intake of nutrients and the accumulation of surplus energy, and indirectly suppresses appetite.
  • Non-patent Document 14 gastrointestinal hormones secreted in close association with the digestion and absorption of food (Non-Patent Document 14) and from fat cells according to the energy accumulation (fat mass)
  • Non-patent Document 15 The mechanism by which secreted leptin (Non-patent Document 15) or the like transmits a signal that regulates appetite from the periphery to the center in a hormonal or neurological manner has been clarified.
  • These new appetite suppressants associated with peripheral signals are expected to be more effective and less effective for the treatment of obesity.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses cyclohexyl having a substituent on (1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino group.
  • a compound in which a carbonylamino group is bonded via an ethylene bond (Example E150) etc. and their use as DGAT inhibitors are described.
  • a phenyl group having a substituent is directly bonded to the (1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino group.
  • Patent Document 2 a phenyl group is substituted on the pyrazole ring side of the 3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino group, and a carboxyl group is formed on the amino group side through two aromatic rings. Bound compounds (compound no. 70) etc. and their use as DGAT inhibitors are described.
  • a pyridyl group is substituted on the pyrazole ring side of the 3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino group, and two amino rings and phenoxy ether are introduced on the amino group side. And a substituent such as a carboxyl group is bonded.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a compound having a substituted piperidine ring at the 4-position of the benzene ring of [(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl group ( Compound No. 75) etc. and their use as DGAT inhibitors are described.
  • the compound of the present invention has a substituted pyrimidine ring at the 4-position of the benzene ring of the [(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl group. Yes.
  • Patent Document 3 a cycloalkylmethyl group having a carboxyl group is substituted on the oxygen atom side of the 5- [4- (carbonylamino) phenyl] pyrimidin-2-yloxy group, and the carbonyl group side has a substituent.
  • Compounds with substituted phenyl groups Compound No. 405 and their use as DGAT inhibitors are described.
  • a phenyl group having a substituent on the oxygen atom side of the 5- [4- (carbonylamino) phenyl] pyrimidin-2-yloxy group is substituted, and 1-pyridine-2- The yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole group is substituted.
  • this compound is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglycerideemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral Neuropathy, including diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic Hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, lipid metabolism resulting from obesity or as an active ingredient of a medicament for the prevention and / or treatment of a disease selected from the group consisting of arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart disease and bulimia Abnormal diseases, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (including diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataracts, Gynecologic diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ova
  • the present invention comprises (1) general formula (I)
  • R represents a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, a carboxymethyl group, a C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group and a C 2- group.
  • a phenyl group which may be independently substituted with 1 to 3 groups independently selected from a C 7 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl group. Or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • R is a phenyl group independently substituted with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a carboxyl group, and a carboxymethyl group, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • R is 4-carboxylphenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-fluorophenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-chlorophenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-methylphenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-trifluoromethylphenyl group or A compound having a 4-carboxymethyl-2-chlorophenyl group or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • An acyl coenzyme A diacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitor containing the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the pharmaceutical composition inhibits acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase, inhibits the synthesis of triglyceride, and suppresses the absorption of triglyceride, thereby treating, improving, reducing and / or preventing symptoms.
  • the pharmaceutical composition for treatment and / or prevention of a disease.
  • the pharmaceutical composition inhibits acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase and inhibits the synthesis of triglyceride, thereby treating and / or treating diseases in which symptoms are treated, ameliorated, reduced and / or prevented.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceride disease, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic Nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, false
  • the pharmaceutical composition is obesity-induced hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic Nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, hypertension (8)
  • composition according to (8) wherein the pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment and / or prevention of hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, arteriosclerosis or hypertension caused by obesity.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic Nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, false
  • Hyperlipidemia hypertriglycerideemia, lipid metabolism disorder, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic kidney) , Including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, hypertension
  • diabetes diabetes
  • diabetic complications diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic kidney
  • Including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy cataract
  • gestational diabetes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
  • polycystic ovary syndrome arteriosclerosis
  • atherosclerosis diabetic arteriosclerosis
  • hypertension which is a composition for the treatment and / or prevention of cerebrovascular disorder, coronary artery disease, fatty liver, respiratory abnormalities, low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, gout or cholelithiasis.
  • composition for the treatment and / or prevention of hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, arteriosclerosis or hypertension caused by obesity.
  • Acyl coenzyme A diacylglycerol for administering to a warm-blooded animal a pharmacologically effective amount of the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof Acyltransferase inhibition method.
  • the disease is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy) , Including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macrovascular disease), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart
  • the method according to (32) which is a disease or bulimia.
  • the “halogen atom” is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
  • a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom is preferable.
  • the “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group” is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • a methyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • the “C 1 -C 6 halogenated alkyl group” is a group in which the same or different 1 to 5 “halogen atoms” are bonded to the “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group”.
  • the same or different 1 to 5 “halogen atoms” are groups (C 1 -C 2 halogenated alkyl groups) bonded to the “C 1 -C 2 alkyl group”, More preferably, it is a trifluoromethyl group.
  • the “C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group” is a group in which one oxygen atom bonded to the “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group” is bonded to a carbonyl group.
  • methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, s-butoxycarbonyl or t-butoxycarbonyl group preferably one of the above-mentioned “C 1 -C 4 alkyl”
  • the “C 2 -C 7 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl group” is a group in which one hydroxy group is bonded to the “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group” of the “C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group”.
  • 1-hydroxymethoxycarbonyl, 2-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl, 1-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl or 3-hydroxypropoxycarbonyl group, preferably “C 1 -C 3 ” of the above “C 2 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl group” 2 alkyl group ” is a group in which one hydroxy group is bonded (C 2 -C 3 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl group), more preferably a 2-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl group.
  • a phenyl group preferably a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, A phenyl group independently substituted with one or two groups selected from a ruboxyl group and a carboxymethyl group, more preferably a 4-carboxylphenyl group, a 4-carboxyl-2-fluorophenyl group, 4- A carboxyl-2-chlorophenyl group, a 4-carboxyl-2-methylphenyl group, a 4-carboxyl-2-trifluoromethylphenyl group or a 4-carboxymethyl-2-chlorophenyl group;
  • the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has all isomers (diastereoisomers, optical isomers, rotational isomers, etc.).
  • the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has various isomers because an asymmetric carbon atom is present in the molecule.
  • these isomers and mixtures of these isomers are all represented by a single formula, that is, the general formula (I). Therefore, the present invention includes all of these isomers and a mixture of these isomers in an arbitrary ratio.
  • an optically active raw material compound is used, or a compound according to the present invention is synthesized using an asymmetric synthesis or asymmetric induction method, or a synthesized compound according to the present invention is synthesized. If desired, it can be obtained by isolation using a conventional optical resolution method or separation method.
  • the compounds of the present invention may also contain unnatural proportions of atomic isotopes at one or more of the atoms that constitute such compounds.
  • the atomic isotope include deuterium ( 2 H), tritium ( 3 H), iodine-125 ( 125 I), carbon-14 ( 14 C), and the like.
  • the compound can also be radiolabeled with a radioisotope such as, for example, tritium ( 3 H), iodine-125 ( 125 I), or carbon-14 ( 14 C).
  • Radiolabeled compounds are useful as therapeutic or prophylactic agents, research reagents such as assay reagents, and diagnostic agents such as in vivo diagnostic imaging agents. All isotope variants of the compounds of the present invention, whether radioactive or not, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
  • the pharmacologically acceptable salt refers to a salt that has no significant toxicity and can be used as a medicine.
  • the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention has a basic group, it is reacted with an acid, and when it has an acidic group, it is reacted with a base to form a salt. Can do.
  • Examples of the salt based on the basic group include hydrohalides such as hydrofluoride, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, nitrate, perchlorate, sulfate, Inorganic acid salts such as phosphates; C 1 -C 6 alkyl sulfonates such as methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, etc.
  • Organic acid salts such as aryl sulfonate, acetate, malate, fumarate, succinate, citrate, ascorbate, tartrate, succinate, maleate; and glycine salt And amino acid salts such as lysine salt, arginine salt, ornithine salt, glutamate and aspartate.
  • examples of the salt based on the acidic group include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt, potassium salt and lithium salt, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt, metal salts such as aluminum salt and iron salt.
  • Inorganic salts such as ammonium salts, t-octylamine salts, dibenzylamine salts, morpholine salts, glucosamine salts, phenylglycine alkyl ester salts, ethylenediamine salts, N-methylglucamine salts, guanidine salts, diethylamine salts, triethylamine salts , Dicyclohexylamine salt, N, N′-dibenzylethylenediamine salt, chloroprocaine salt, procaine salt, diethanolamine salt, N-benzylphenethylamine salt, piperazine salt, tetramethylammonium salt, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane salt Amine salts such as organic salt
  • the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof may absorb a certain other solvent and become a solvate, and such a solvate is also a solvate of the present invention. Included in the salt.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has an excellent DGAT inhibitory action and feeding inhibitory action, and is a warm-blooded animal (preferably a mammal, Diseases (including humans): obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglycerideemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis , A disease selected from the group consisting of ischemic heart disease and bulimia, or hyperlipidemia, hypertriglycerideemia, lipid metabolism disorder, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, sugar caused by obesity Urinary disease, diabetic complications (including diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic
  • novel compound represented by the general formula (I) provided by the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has an excellent DGAT inhibitory action, and is a warm-blooded animal (preferably a mammalian animal). And is useful as an active ingredient of a medicament for the prevention and / or treatment of the above-mentioned diseases (including humans). Suitably, it can be used as a medicament for the treatment of the above-mentioned diseases.
  • the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention can be produced according to Method A described below.
  • solvent groups include hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, octane, petroleum ether, ligroin, cyclohexane; formamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl Amides such as -2-pyrrolidinone and hexamethylphosphoric triamide; ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethoxyethane, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and cyclopentyl methyl ether; methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i -Propanol, n-butanol, 2-but
  • the base used in the reaction of each step of the following method A is, for example, alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate, cesium carbonate; sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, lithium hydrogen carbonate, etc.
  • Alkali metal bicarbonates alkali metal acetates such as sodium acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, cesium acetate; alkali metal hydrides such as lithium hydride, sodium hydride, potassium hydride; sodium hydroxide, water Alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium oxide, barium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide; inorganic bases such as alkali metal fluorides such as sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride; sodium-t-butoxide, potassium-t -Alkali metal alkoxides such as butoxide; Alkali metal trialkylsiloxides such as methylsiloxide, potassium trimethylsiloxide, lithium trimethylsiloxide; N-methylmorpholine, trie
  • reaction temperature varies depending on the solvent, starting material, reagent, and the like
  • reaction time varies depending on the solvent, starting material, reagent, reaction temperature, and the like.
  • each target compound is collected from the reaction mixture according to a conventional method. For example, neutralize the reaction mixture as appropriate, or remove insoluble matter by filtration, add water and an immiscible organic solvent such as ethyl acetate, and separate the organic layer containing the target compound, It can be obtained by washing with water, drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, anhydrous sodium sulfate, etc., filtering, and then distilling off the solvent.
  • an immiscible organic solvent such as ethyl acetate
  • the obtained target compound is eluted with an appropriate eluent by applying a conventional method, for example, recrystallization, reprecipitation, etc., usually using methods commonly used for separation and purification of organic compounds, applying chromatography, and the like. Can be separated and purified.
  • a target compound insoluble in a solvent the obtained solid crude product can be purified by washing with a solvent.
  • the target compound in each step can be directly used in the next reaction without purification.
  • Method A is a method for producing a compound having the general formula (I).
  • R represents the same meaning as described above, and R a represents a hydroxy group and / or carboxyl group in which a hydroxy group and / or carboxyl group contained as a substituent in the R group may be protected.
  • R a represents a hydroxy group and / or carboxyl group in which a hydroxy group and / or carboxyl group contained as a substituent in the R group may be protected.
  • the same groups as those in the definition of the R group are shown.
  • Step A1 This step is a step of producing a compound having the general formula (IV).
  • This step is performed by reacting the compound having the general formula (II) with the compound (III) in the presence of a base in a solvent.
  • the compound having the general formula (II) is a known compound (for example, WO2006 / 004200, J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1887, etc.) or a known method using a known compound as a starting material (for example, , WO2006 / 004200, J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1887, etc.) or similar methods.
  • the solvent used in this step is preferably an amide, and more preferably N, N-dimethylacetamide.
  • the base used in this step is preferably an alkali metal carbonate, and more preferably potassium carbonate.
  • the reaction temperature in this step is usually 0 ° C. to 180 ° C., preferably 60 ° C. to 120 ° C.
  • the reaction time in this step is usually 0.5 hours to 72 hours, preferably 2 hours to 24 hours.
  • Step A2 This step is a step of producing a compound having the general formula (I).
  • a compound having the general formula (IV) is reacted with the compound (V) in a solvent in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base, and then, optionally, a protective group for a hydroxy group and / or a carboxyl group in Ra . This is done by removing.
  • the solvent used in this step is preferably a mixed solvent of amides and water, and more preferably a mixed solvent of N, N-dimethylacetamide and water.
  • the palladium catalyst used in this step is, for example, tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0), palladium-activated carbon, palladium acetate (II), palladium trifluoroacetate (II), palladium black, palladium bromide (II ), Palladium (II) chloride, palladium (II) iodide, palladium (II) cyanide, palladium (II) nitrate, palladium (II) oxide, palladium (II) sulfate, dichlorobis (acetonitrile) palladium (II), dichlorobis (Benzonitrile) palladium (II), dichloro (1,5-cyclooctadiene) palladium (II), acetylacetone palladium (II), palladium sulfide (II), [1,1'-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocen
  • the base used in this step is preferably an alkali metal carbonate, and more preferably potassium carbonate.
  • the reaction temperature in this step is usually 20 ° C. to 180 ° C., preferably 60 ° C. to 120 ° C.
  • the reaction time in this step is usually 0.5 hours to 72 hours, preferably 2 hours to 24 hours.
  • the protecting group of “optionally protected hydroxy group” and “optionally protected carboxyl group” in the definition of R a is a chemical group such as hydrogenolysis, hydrolysis, electrolysis or photolysis. This refers to a protecting group that can be cleaved by a method, and shows a protecting group commonly used in organic synthetic chemistry (for example, TW Greene et al., Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1999)). reference).
  • the “protecting group” of the “hydroxy group that may be protected” in the definition of R a is not particularly limited as long as it is a protecting group for a hydroxy group used in the field of synthetic organic chemistry.
  • Groups, C 2 -C 7 alkylcarbonyl groups such as acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, pentanoyl, valeryl, halogenated alkylcarbonyl groups such as chloroacetyl, dichloroacetyl, trichloroacetyl, trifluoroacetyl, alkoxy such as methoxyacetyl
  • Alkylcarbonyl groups such as alkylcarbonyl groups, acryloyl, propioloyl, methacryloyl, crotonoyl, isocrotonoyl, unsaturated alkylcarbonyl groups such as (E) -2-methyl-2-butenoyl; benzoyl, ⁇ -naphtho
  • the “protecting group” of the “optionally protected carboxyl group” in the definition of R a is not particularly limited as long as it is a protecting group for a carboxyl group used in the field of synthetic organic chemistry.
  • the compound of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof can be administered in various forms.
  • the administration form include oral administration by tablets, capsules, granules, emulsions, pills, powders, syrups (solutions), etc., or injections (intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal administration), Examples include parenteral administration such as instillation and suppository (rectal administration).
  • these various preparations are usually used in the pharmaceutical preparation technical field such as excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, flavoring agents, solubilizers, suspension agents, coating agents, etc. It can be formulated with the resulting adjuvant.
  • excipients such as lactose, sucrose, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, crystalline cellulose, silicic acid; water, ethanol, propanol, simple syrup, glucose Solution, starch solution, gelatin solution, carboxymethylcellulose, shellac, methylcellulose, potassium phosphate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc .; dried starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, laminaran powder, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid Disintegrators such as esters, sodium lauryl sulfate, monoglyceride stearate, starch, lactose; disintegrators such as sucrose, stearin, cocoa butter, hydrogenated oil; quaternary ammonium salts, sodium lauryl sulfate Moisturizers such as glycerin and starch; Adsorbents such as starch
  • the tablet which gave the normal coating for example, a sugar-coated tablet, a gelatin-encapsulated tablet, an enteric-coated tablet, a film-coated tablet, a double tablet, and a multilayer tablet.
  • excipients such as glucose, lactose, cocoa butter, starch, hydrogenated vegetable oil, kaolin, talc; binders such as gum arabic powder, tragacanth powder, gelatin, ethanol; laminaran, Disintegrants such as agar can be used.
  • a carrier conventionally known in this field can be widely used as a carrier, and examples thereof include polyethylene glycol, cocoa butter, higher alcohol, esters of higher alcohol, gelatin, semi-synthetic glyceride and the like.
  • solutions, emulsions or suspensions When used as an injection, it can be used as a solution, emulsion or suspension. These solutions, emulsions or suspensions are preferably sterilized and isotonic with blood.
  • the solvent used in the production of these solutions, emulsions or suspensions is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a medical diluent.
  • water, ethanol, propylene glycol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxylated isoforms are used. Examples include stearyl alcohol and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters.
  • a sufficient amount of sodium chloride, glucose or glycerin to prepare an isotonic solution may be included in the preparation, and a normal solubilizing agent, buffering agent, soothing agent, etc. may be included. You may go out.
  • the above-mentioned preparation may contain a coloring agent, a preservative, a fragrance, a flavoring agent, a sweetening agent, and the like as required, and may further contain other medicines.
  • the amount of the active ingredient compound contained in the preparation is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected within a wide range, but is usually 0.5 to 70% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight, based on the total composition.
  • the amount used varies depending on the symptoms, age, etc. of the patient (warm-blooded animal, particularly human), but in the case of oral administration, the upper limit is 2000 mg (preferably 100 mg) per day, and the lower limit is 0.1 mg ( Preferably 1 mg, more preferably 10 mg) is administered to adults 1 to 6 times per day depending on the symptoms.
  • the solvent specified in each example was used at the specified ratio. (Or, the ratio was changed as necessary.)
  • the abbreviations used in the examples have the following significance. mg: milligram, g: gram, mL: milliliter, MHz: megahertz.
  • 1 H NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
  • MS Mass spectrometry
  • reaction mixture was concentrated, acidified with 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid (10 mL), diluted with ethyl acetate, and stirred vigorously for 1 hour.
  • the precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 277 mg (98%) of the title compound as a white solid.
  • Example 4 4- (5- ⁇ 4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl ⁇ pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid
  • Example (1c) 4- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid methyl ester (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511.) (311 mg) and Example (1a) From the compound (462 mg) obtained in 1 above, 385 mg (68%) of a biaryl compound was obtained as a white solid. In the same manner as in Example (1d), 210 mg (56%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid from this biaryl compound (385 mg).
  • Example (1d) methyl 3- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoate (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511.) (148 mg) and Example (1a) From the compound obtained in (220 mg), 222 mg (83%) of a biaryl compound was obtained as a white solid. From this biaryl compound (222 mg), 99 mg (45%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid in the same manner as in Example (1d).
  • Example (1c) 5-bromo-2-phenoxypyrimidine (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511) (127 mg) and the compound (231 mg) obtained in Example (1a) were used. 191 mg (75%) of the title compound were obtained as a white solid.
  • Example 9 4- (5- ⁇ 4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl ⁇ pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid
  • Example (1c) In the same manner as in Example (1c), obtained in 4- (5-bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzonitrile (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511) (139 mg) and Example (1a). The title compound (150 mg, 57%) was obtained as a light brown solid from the obtained compound (229 mg).
  • reaction stop solution 70 ⁇ l
  • isopropanol / 1-heptane / water 80: 20: 2, v / v / v
  • water 30 ⁇ l
  • 1-heptane 100 ⁇ l
  • a 1-heptane layer 50 ⁇ l was spotted on a TLC plate and developed with a developing solvent consisting of 1-hexane / diethyl ether / acetic acid (85: 15: 1, v / v / v).
  • the radioactivity of the triglyceride fraction was quantified with a BAS2000 bioimage analyzer (Fuji Film), and the inhibitory activity of the test compound was calculated by the following formula by comparing with the control. The unreacted (0 minute incubation) radioactivity was used as the background.
  • Inhibition rate 100 ⁇ [(radioactivity at the time of addition of test compound) ⁇ (background)] / [(radioactivity of control) ⁇ (background)] ⁇ 100
  • the compounds of Examples 1 to 10 and 12 to 18 showed an inhibition rate of 50% or more at a test compound concentration of 1 ⁇ g / ml.
  • the DGAT inhibitory activity test is not limited to the above method.
  • microsomes prepared from the small intestine, adipose tissue, or liver of animals such as rats and mice may be used as the DGAT enzyme.
  • microsomes prepared from cultured cells (3T3-L1 adipocytes, primary cultured adipocytes, Caco2 cells, HepG2 cells, etc.) or cultured cells highly expressing DGAT can also be used as the DGAT enzyme.
  • a flash plate PerkinElmer in which the extraction operation is omitted can be used.
  • the compound of the present invention has excellent DGAT1 inhibitory biological activity.
  • the DGAT1 enzyme is important for digestion and absorption of neutral fat, and when small intestine DGAT1 is inhibited, the absorption of neutral fat is suppressed.
  • the biological activity of the DGAT1 inhibitory action was evaluated using as an index the suppression of neutral fat absorption after loading with neutral fat.
  • Male C57BL / 6N mice (7-12 weeks old, body weight 17-25 g, Nippon Charles River) fasted overnight were assigned to Vehicle Group 1, Vehicle Group 2 and each test compound group, respectively vehicle (0.5% Methylcellulose) Alternatively, each test compound (1 to 10 mg / kg) suspended in the vehicle was orally administered (5 mL / kg).
  • Lipoprotein lipase inhibitor (Pluronic-F127: Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd., 1 g / kg, dissolved in physiological saline at 20% by weight) was intraperitoneally administered (5 mL / kg) Distilled water was orally administered to Vehicle Group 1 and 20% neutral fat-containing emulsion (Intralipid 20%: Terumo Corporation) was orally administered (0.2 mL / mouse) to Vehicle Group 2 and Compound Group.
  • Neutral fat absorption inhibitory activity (%) 100-[(Neutral fat concentration of each test compound group)-(Neutral fat concentration of Vehicle group 1)] / [(Neutral fat concentration of Vehicle group 2)-( Vehicle group 1 neutral fat concentration)] ⁇ 100
  • the compounds of Examples 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 18 exhibited a neutral fat absorption inhibitory activity of 60% or more at a dose of 3 mg / kg or less.
  • mice Male C57BL / 6N mice (7-12 weeks old, body weight 17-25 g, Nippon Charles River) are reared individually and fed with a high fat diet (fat content 45 kcal%: Research Diet D12451) for over a week. I got used to it. Allocate animals evenly to the experimental groups based on the amount of food consumed during the period, fast overnight, and then add vehicle (0.5% Methylcellulose) or test compound suspended in vehicle (10 mg / kg) to each group. Oral administration (10 mL / kg) was performed. A high fat diet was fed 30 minutes after the administration, and the amount of food intake was measured 6 hours after the start of feeding. The feeding inhibitory activity of each test compound was calculated based on the following formula.
  • Feeding inhibitory activity (%) [(food consumption of vehicle group) ⁇ (food consumption of each test compound group)] / [(food consumption of vehicle group)] ⁇ 100
  • the compound of Example 1 showed an antifeedant activity of 25% or more at a dose of 10 mg / kg.
  • the compound of the present invention has an excellent antifeedant action.
  • the high-fat diet used for the feed is not limited to the above-mentioned high-fat diet, and for example, a rodent feed containing 45 to 60% neutral fat as calories can be used.
  • Formulation Example 1 Capsule 50 mg of the compound of Example 1 or 2 Lactose 128mg Corn starch 70mg Magnesium stearate 2mg ------- 250mg After mixing the powder of the above formulation and passing through a 60 mesh sieve, this powder is put into a 250 mg gelatin capsule to form a capsule.
  • Formulation Example 2 Tablet Example 1 or 2 compound 50 mg Lactose 126mg Corn starch 23mg Magnesium stearate 1mg ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 200mg
  • the powder of the above formulation is mixed, granulated and dried using corn starch paste, and then tableted by a tableting machine to make one tablet of 200 mg. This tablet can be sugar-coated if necessary.
  • the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has excellent DGAT inhibitory action and antifeeding action, and is useful as a medicine.

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Abstract

Disclosed is a compound having an excellent DGAT-inhibiting activity and an excellent anti-feeding activity, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. Specifically disclosed is a compound represented by general formula (I) [wherein R represents a phenyl group that may be substituted by 1 to 3 groups independently selected from a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, a carboxymethyl group, a C2-C7 alkoxycarbonyl group and a C2-C7 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl group] or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.

Description

新規フェノキシピリミジン誘導体New phenoxypyrimidine derivatives
 本発明は、優れたアシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ(Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase、以下、DGATともいう)阻害作用及び優れた摂食抑制作用を有する特定の化学構造を有する化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩に関する。 The present invention relates to a compound having a specific chemical structure having an excellent acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (hereinafter also referred to as DGAT) inhibitory action and an excellent antifeedant action, or a pharmacologically Relates to acceptable salts.
 肥満は、消費エネルギーに比較して摂取エネルギーが過剰な状態が持続することにより、脂肪細胞において中性脂肪(トリアシルグリセロールまたはトリグリセライド、以下、TGともいう)が蓄積し、その結果として体重が標準体重に比較して著しく増加した状態である(非特許文献1)。肥満は、高脂血症、高TG血症、糖尿病、高血圧症、動脈硬化症などの生活習慣病、脳血管障害、冠動脈疾患、呼吸異常、腰痛、変形性膝関節症、痛風、胆石症などをもたらし、肥満のうちこれらの合併症を有するもの、あるいは将来これらの合併症を生じる可能性があるものは、肥満症と定義され、一つの疾患として扱われている。 In obesity, triglyceride (triacylglycerol or triglyceride, hereinafter also referred to as TG) accumulates in adipocytes due to the persistence of excess energy compared to energy consumption, resulting in standard weight gain. It is in a state of significantly increasing compared to body weight (Non-Patent Document 1). Obesity is hyperlipidemia, hyperTGemia, diabetes, hypertension, lifestyle-related diseases such as arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular disorder, coronary artery disease, respiratory abnormalities, low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, gout, cholelithiasis, etc. Any obesity that has these complications or that may cause these complications in the future is defined as obesity and is treated as a disease.
 動物および植物は、脂質を不溶性のTGとして蓄え、必要に応じて、TGを分解してエネルギーを産生する。食事により摂取されたTGは、小腸内腔で胆汁酸および膵リパーゼの作用により、遊離脂肪酸およびモノアシルグリセロールに分解される。遊離脂肪酸、モノアシルグリセロールおよび胆汁酸からなるミセルは、小腸上皮細胞に吸収され、小胞体でアシルコエンザイムA合成酵素(以下、ACSという)、アシルコエンザイムA:モノアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼおよびDGATの作用により、新たにTGが合成される。TGは、リン脂質、コレステロールおよびアポリポタンパクと組み合わされて、キロミクロンとして胃腸のリンパ管に分泌される。さらに、TGは、リンパ主管を経て血中に分泌され、末梢に運ばれて利用される。一方、脂肪組織においても、グリセロール3-リン酸および遊離脂肪酸からACS、グリセロール3-リン酸アシルトランスフェラーゼ、リゾホスファチジン酸アシルトランスフェラーゼおよびDGATの作用により、TGが合成される(非特許文献2)。このように過剰に摂取されたTGは、脂肪組織に蓄積され、その結果として肥満が生じる。 Animals and plants store lipid as insoluble TG, and decompose TG as necessary to produce energy. TG ingested by the meal is broken down into free fatty acids and monoacylglycerol by the action of bile acids and pancreatic lipase in the lumen of the small intestine. Micelles composed of free fatty acid, monoacylglycerol and bile acid are absorbed into small intestinal epithelial cells, and in the endoplasmic reticulum by the action of acylcoenzyme A synthase (hereinafter referred to as ACS), acylcoenzyme A: monoacylglycerol acyltransferase and DGAT. TG is newly synthesized. TG, in combination with phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoprotein, is secreted into the gastrointestinal lymphatic vessels as kilomicrons. Furthermore, TG is secreted into the blood via the lymph main duct and transported to the periphery for use. On the other hand, in adipose tissue, TG is synthesized from glycerol 3-phosphate and free fatty acids by the action of ACS, glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase, lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, and DGAT (Non-patent Document 2). Thus, TG ingested excessively accumulates in adipose tissue, resulting in obesity.
 DGATは、細胞内の小胞体に存在する酵素であり、TG合成経路の最も重要な最終ステップの反応、すなわちアシルコエンザイムAのアシル基を1,2-ジアシルグリセロールの3位へ転移する反応を触媒する酵素である(非特許文献3乃至5)。DGATには、2種類のアイソザイムDGAT1(非特許文献6)およびDGAT2(非特許文献7)が存在することが報告されている。DGAT1は小腸および脂肪組織に、DGAT2は肝臓および脂肪組織にそれぞれ高発現していることから、DGAT1は主として小腸からの脂肪吸収および脂肪組織での脂肪蓄積に、DGAT2は肝臓でのTG合成もしくはVLDL(very low density lipoproteins)分泌、および脂肪組織での脂肪蓄積に関与していると考えられている。DGAT1およびDGAT2の役割の違いはまだ詳細には明らかにされていないが、DGATと肥満、脂質代謝、糖代謝などとの関連性が示唆されている(非特許文献8)。DGATは、消化管上皮細胞および脂肪組織におけるTG合成の鍵酵素であり、DGATを阻害する薬剤は、TG合成を抑制することにより、消化管における脂肪吸収および脂肪組織における脂肪蓄積を抑制し、肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、または、肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、高血圧症、動脈硬化症、脳血管障害、もしくは、冠動脈疾患などの治療剤もしくは予防剤として有用であると期待される(非特許文献9乃至13)。 DGAT is an enzyme that is present in the endoplasmic reticulum in the cell and catalyzes the most important final step reaction in the TG synthesis pathway, that is, the reaction of transferring the acyl group of acylcoenzyme A to the 3-position of 1,2-diacylglycerol. (Non-Patent Documents 3 to 5). It has been reported that DGAT has two types of isozymes DGAT1 (Non-patent document 6) and DGAT2 (Non-patent document 7). Since DGAT1 is highly expressed in the small intestine and adipose tissue, and DGAT2 is highly expressed in the liver and adipose tissue, DGAT1 is mainly used for fat absorption from the small intestine and fat accumulation in the adipose tissue, and DGAT2 is used for TG synthesis or VLDL in the liver. (Very low density lipoproteins) secretion and fat accumulation in adipose tissue. Although the difference in the roles of DGAT1 and DGAT2 has not yet been clarified in detail, the relationship between DGAT and obesity, lipid metabolism, sugar metabolism, etc. has been suggested (Non-patent Document 8). DGAT is a key enzyme for TG synthesis in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and adipose tissue, and a drug that inhibits DGAT suppresses fat absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and fat accumulation in adipose tissue by suppressing TG synthesis, and obesity , Obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, or obesity-induced hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, lipid metabolism It is expected to be useful as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for abnormal diseases, insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular disorder, coronary artery disease, etc. 9 to 13).
 食欲抑制薬は、直接あるいは間接的に食欲制御系を調節するものであるが、その作用メカニズムは中枢性と末梢性に大別される。中枢性に作用する食欲抑制薬は摂食中枢及び満腹中枢の存在する視床下部神経系や同神経系を調節する脳内モノアミン神経系に作用して食欲を直接的に抑制する。一方、末梢性に作用する食欲抑制薬は食事による栄養摂取や余剰エネルギーの蓄積状態を、感知し伝達する機構に作用して間接的に食欲を抑制する。 An appetite suppressant directly or indirectly regulates the appetite control system, but its mechanism of action is roughly divided into central and peripheral. An appetite suppressant acting centrally acts on the hypothalamic nervous system where the feeding center and satiety center exist and the monoamine nervous system in the brain that regulates the nervous system, thereby directly suppressing appetite. On the other hand, an appetite suppressant that acts on the periphery acts on a mechanism that senses and transmits the intake of nutrients and the accumulation of surplus energy, and indirectly suppresses appetite.
 近年、食物の消化・吸収と密接に関連して分泌される消化管ホルモン(CCK、GLP-1、PYYなど)(非特許文献14)や、エネルギー蓄積量(脂肪量)に応じて脂肪細胞から分泌されるレプチン(非特許文献15)などが、ホルモン性あるいは神経性に末梢から中枢へ食欲を調節するシグナルを伝えるメカニズムが明らかになってきている。これら末梢性シグナルに関連する新しい食欲抑制薬はより効果的で副作用の少ない肥満症治療薬になることが期待されている。 In recent years, gastrointestinal hormones (CCK, GLP-1, PYY, etc.) secreted in close association with the digestion and absorption of food (Non-Patent Document 14) and from fat cells according to the energy accumulation (fat mass) The mechanism by which secreted leptin (Non-patent Document 15) or the like transmits a signal that regulates appetite from the periphery to the center in a hormonal or neurological manner has been clarified. These new appetite suppressants associated with peripheral signals are expected to be more effective and less effective for the treatment of obesity.
 本発明の化合物に類似する構造を有する化合物として、特許文献1には、(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ基に置換基を有するシクロヘキシルカルボニルアミノ基がエチレン結合を介して結合している化合物(実施例E150)等及びそれらのDGAT阻害剤としての使用が記載されている。一方、本発明の化合物は、(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ基に置換基を有するフェニル基が直接結合している。また、特許文献2には、3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ基のピラゾール環側にフェニル基が置換し、アミノ基側に2個の芳香環を介してカルボキシル基が結合している化合物(化合物番号70)等及びそれらのDGAT阻害剤としての使用が記載されている。一方、本発明の化合物は、3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ基のピラゾール環側にピリジル基が置換し、アミノ基側に2個の芳香環及びフェノシキエーテルを介してカルボキシル基等の置換基が結合している。また、特許文献2には、[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル基のベンゼン環の4位に置換ピペリジン環を有する化合物(化合物番号75)等及びそれらのDGAT阻害剤としての使用が記載されている。一方、本発明の化合物は、[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル基のベンゼン環の4位に置換ピリミジン環を有している。また、特許文献3には、5-[4-(カルボニルアミノ)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ基の酸素原子側にカルボキシル基を有するシクロアルキルメチル基が置換し、カルボニル基側に置換基を有するフェニル基が置換している化合物(化合物番号405)等及びそれらのDGAT阻害剤としての使用が記載されている。一方、本発明の化合物は、5-[4-(カルボニルアミノ)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ基の酸素原子側に置換基を有するフェニル基が置換し、カルボニル基側に1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール基が置換している。 As a compound having a structure similar to the compound of the present invention, Patent Document 1 discloses cyclohexyl having a substituent on (1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino group. A compound in which a carbonylamino group is bonded via an ethylene bond (Example E150) etc. and their use as DGAT inhibitors are described. On the other hand, in the compound of the present invention, a phenyl group having a substituent is directly bonded to the (1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino group. In Patent Document 2, a phenyl group is substituted on the pyrazole ring side of the 3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino group, and a carboxyl group is formed on the amino group side through two aromatic rings. Bound compounds (compound no. 70) etc. and their use as DGAT inhibitors are described. On the other hand, in the compound of the present invention, a pyridyl group is substituted on the pyrazole ring side of the 3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino group, and two amino rings and phenoxy ether are introduced on the amino group side. And a substituent such as a carboxyl group is bonded. Patent Document 2 discloses a compound having a substituted piperidine ring at the 4-position of the benzene ring of [(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl group ( Compound No. 75) etc. and their use as DGAT inhibitors are described. On the other hand, the compound of the present invention has a substituted pyrimidine ring at the 4-position of the benzene ring of the [(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl group. Yes. In Patent Document 3, a cycloalkylmethyl group having a carboxyl group is substituted on the oxygen atom side of the 5- [4- (carbonylamino) phenyl] pyrimidin-2-yloxy group, and the carbonyl group side has a substituent. Compounds with substituted phenyl groups (Compound No. 405) and their use as DGAT inhibitors are described. On the other hand, in the compound of the present invention, a phenyl group having a substituent on the oxygen atom side of the 5- [4- (carbonylamino) phenyl] pyrimidin-2-yloxy group is substituted, and 1-pyridine-2- The yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole group is substituted.
WO2008/011130号公報WO2008 / 011130 WO2008/141976号公報WO2008 / 141976 WO2009/011285号公報WO2009 / 011285
 発明者らは、DGAT阻害作用及び摂食抑制作用を有する化合物について鋭意研究を行った結果、特定の化学構造を有する化合物が、優れたDGAT阻害作用を有しており、特にDGAT1に対して高い阻害作用を有することを見出した。また、本発明者らは、この化合物が、優れた摂食抑制作用を有していることを見出した。更に、本発明者らは、この化合物が、肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、虚血性心疾患及び過食症からなる群から選ばれる疾患の予防及び/又は治療のための医薬の有効成分として、又は肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、高血圧症、脳血管障害、冠動脈疾患、脂肪肝、呼吸異常、腰痛、変形性膝関節症、痛風、及び胆石症からなる群から選ばれる疾患の治療及び/又は予防のための医薬の有効成分として有用であることを見出した。 As a result of intensive studies on compounds having a DGAT inhibitory action and an antifeedant action, the inventors have found that a compound having a specific chemical structure has an excellent DGAT inhibitory action, particularly high for DGAT1. It was found to have an inhibitory effect. The present inventors have also found that this compound has an excellent antifeeding action. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that this compound is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglycerideemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral Neuropathy, including diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic Hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, lipid metabolism resulting from obesity or as an active ingredient of a medicament for the prevention and / or treatment of a disease selected from the group consisting of arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart disease and bulimia Abnormal diseases, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (including diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataracts, Gynecologic diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, hypertension, cerebrovascular disorder, coronary artery disease, fatty liver, respiratory abnormalities, low back pain, deformity It was found useful as an active ingredient of a medicament for the treatment and / or prevention of a disease selected from the group consisting of knee arthropathy, gout, and cholelithiasis.
 本発明は、(1)一般式(I) The present invention comprises (1) general formula (I)
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
[式中、
 Rは、ハロゲン原子、C-Cアルキル基、C-Cハロゲン化アルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、シアノ基、カルボキシル基、カルボキシメチル基、C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基及びC-Cヒドロキシアルコキシカルボニル基から選択される基で独立に1乃至3個置換されていてもよいフェニル基を示す。]を有する化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩に関する。
[Where:
R represents a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, a carboxymethyl group, a C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group and a C 2- group. A phenyl group which may be independently substituted with 1 to 3 groups independently selected from a C 7 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl group. Or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
 本発明において、好適には、
 (2) (1)において、
 Rが、フッ素原子、塩素原子、メチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、カルボキシル基及びカルボキシメチル基から選択される基で独立に1又は2個置換されているフェニル基である化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩。
In the present invention, preferably,
(2) In (1),
A compound in which R is a phenyl group independently substituted with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a carboxyl group, and a carboxymethyl group, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. Salt.
 (3) (1)において、
 Rが、4-カルボキシルフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-フルオロフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-クロロフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-メチルフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-トリフルオロメチルフェニル基又は4-カルボキシメチル-2-クロロフェニル基である化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩。
(3) In (1),
R is 4-carboxylphenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-fluorophenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-chlorophenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-methylphenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-trifluoromethylphenyl group or A compound having a 4-carboxymethyl-2-chlorophenyl group or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
 (4) 一般式(I)を有する化合物が、
[3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸、
3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
3-フルオロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
3-メチル-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、又は、
4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-トリフルオロメチル安息香酸
である化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩。
(4) A compound having the general formula (I)
[3-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] acetic acid ,
3-chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
3-fluoro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
3-methyl-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid, or ,
4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid Or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
 (5) 一般式(I)を有する化合物が、
[3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸、
3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
3-フルオロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
3-メチル-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、又は、
4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-トリフルオロメチル安息香酸
である化合物。
(5) A compound having the general formula (I)
[3-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] acetic acid ,
3-chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
3-fluoro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
3-methyl-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid, or ,
4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid A compound that is
 (6) (1)乃至(5)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩を有効成分として含有するアシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤。 (6) An acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitor containing the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
 (7) (1)乃至(5)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩を有効成分として含有する摂食抑制剤及び/又は食欲抑制剤。 (7) An eating inhibitor and / or an appetite suppressant containing the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
 (8) (1)乃至(5)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩を有効成分として含有する医薬組成物。 (8) A pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
 (9) 医薬組成物が、アシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害作用を有する(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (9) The pharmaceutical composition according to (8), wherein the pharmaceutical composition has an acylcoenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitory action.
 (10) 医薬組成物が、摂食抑制作用及び/又は食欲抑制作用を有する(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (10) The pharmaceutical composition according to (8), wherein the pharmaceutical composition has an antifeedant action and / or an appetite suppressive action.
 (11) 医薬組成物が、アシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害作用により、治療及び/又は予防される疾病の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (11) The pharmaceutical composition according to (8), for treating and / or preventing a disease wherein the pharmaceutical composition is treated and / or prevented by acylcoenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitory action.
 (12) 医薬組成物が、アシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ活性の亢進に起因する疾病の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (12) The pharmaceutical composition according to (8), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is used for treatment and / or prevention of a disease caused by an increase in acylcoenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity.
 (13) 医薬組成物が、アシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼを阻害させ、トリグリセライドの合成を阻害し、トリグリセライドの吸収が抑制されることにより、症状の治療、改善、軽減及び/又は予防がなされる疾病の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (13) The pharmaceutical composition inhibits acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase, inhibits the synthesis of triglyceride, and suppresses the absorption of triglyceride, thereby treating, improving, reducing and / or preventing symptoms. (8) The pharmaceutical composition for treatment and / or prevention of a disease.
 (14) 医薬組成物が、アシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼを阻害させ、トリグリセライドの合成が阻害されることにより、症状の治療、改善、軽減及び/又は予防がなされる疾病の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (14) The pharmaceutical composition inhibits acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase and inhibits the synthesis of triglyceride, thereby treating and / or treating diseases in which symptoms are treated, ameliorated, reduced and / or prevented. The pharmaceutical composition according to (8) for prevention.
 (15) 医薬組成物が、肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、虚血性心疾患又は過食症の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (15) The pharmaceutical composition is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceride disease, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic Nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, false The pharmaceutical composition according to (8) for the treatment and / or prevention of blood heart disease or bulimia.
 (16) 医薬組成物が、肥満又は肥満症の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (16) The pharmaceutical composition according to (8), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment and / or prevention of obesity or obesity.
 (17) 医薬組成物が、糖尿病の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (17) The pharmaceutical composition according to (8), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment and / or prevention of diabetes.
 (18) 医薬組成物が、肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、高血圧症、脳血管障害、冠動脈疾患、脂肪肝、呼吸異常、腰痛、変形性膝関節症、痛風又は胆石症の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (18) When the pharmaceutical composition is obesity-induced hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic Nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, hypertension (8) The pharmaceutical composition for treatment and / or prevention of symptom, cerebrovascular disorder, coronary artery disease, fatty liver, respiratory abnormality, low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, gout or cholelithiasis.
 (19) 医薬組成物が、肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、糖尿病、動脈硬化症又は高血圧症の治療及び/又は予防のための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (19) The pharmaceutical composition according to (8), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment and / or prevention of hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, arteriosclerosis or hypertension caused by obesity.
 (20) 医薬組成物が、小腸からの脂肪吸収を抑制するための(8)に記載の医薬組成物。 (20) The pharmaceutical composition according to (8), wherein the pharmaceutical composition suppresses fat absorption from the small intestine.
 (21) 医薬組成物を製造するための、(1)乃至(5)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩の使用。 (21) Use of the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof for producing a pharmaceutical composition.
 (22) 医薬組成物がアシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼを阻害するための組成物である(21)に記載の使用。 (22) The use according to (21), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a composition for inhibiting acylcoenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase.
 (23) 医薬組成物が摂食及び/又は食欲を抑制するための組成物である(21)に記載の使用。 (23) The use according to (21), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a composition for suppressing eating and / or appetite.
 (24) 医薬組成物が肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、虚血性心疾患又は過食症の治療及び/又は予防のための組成物である(21)に記載の使用。 (24) The pharmaceutical composition is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic Nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, false The use according to (21), which is a composition for the treatment and / or prevention of blood heart disease or bulimia.
 (25) 医薬組成物が肥満又は肥満症の治療及び/又は予防のための組成物である(21)に記載の使用。 (25) The use according to (21), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a composition for the treatment and / or prevention of obesity or obesity.
 (26) 医薬組成物が糖尿病の治療及び/又は予防のための組成物である(21)に記載の使用。 (26) The use according to (21), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a composition for treating and / or preventing diabetes.
 (27) 医薬組成物が肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、高血圧症、脳血管障害、冠動脈疾患、脂肪肝、呼吸異常、腰痛、変形性膝関節症、痛風又は胆石症の治療及び/又は予防のための組成物である(21)に記載の使用。 (27) Hyperlipidemia, hypertriglycerideemia, lipid metabolism disorder, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic kidney) , Including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, hypertension The use according to (21), which is a composition for the treatment and / or prevention of cerebrovascular disorder, coronary artery disease, fatty liver, respiratory abnormalities, low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, gout or cholelithiasis.
 (28) 医薬組成物が肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、糖尿病、動脈硬化症又は高血圧症の治療及び/又は予防のための組成物である(21)に記載の使用。 (28) The use according to (21), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a composition for the treatment and / or prevention of hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, arteriosclerosis or hypertension caused by obesity.
 (29) 医薬組成物が小腸からの脂肪吸収を抑制するための組成物である(21)に記載の使用。 (29) The use according to (21), wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a composition for suppressing fat absorption from the small intestine.
 (30) (1)乃至(5)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩の薬理的な有効量を温血動物に投与するアシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害方法。 (30) Acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol for administering to a warm-blooded animal a pharmacologically effective amount of the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof Acyltransferase inhibition method.
 (31) (1)乃至(5)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩の薬理的な有効量を温血動物に投与する摂食抑制及び/又は食欲抑制方法。 (31) Inhibition of feeding and / or administration of a pharmacologically effective amount of the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof to a warm-blooded animal Appetite suppression method.
 (32) (1)乃至(5)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩の薬理的な有効量を温血動物に投与する疾病の治療及び/又は予防方法。 (32) Treatment of diseases and / or diseases in which a pharmacologically effective amount of the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered to a warm-blooded animal Prevention method.
 (33) 疾病が肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、虚血性心疾患又は過食症である(32)に記載の方法。 (33) The disease is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy) , Including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macrovascular disease), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart The method according to (32), which is a disease or bulimia.
 (34) 疾病が肥満又は肥満症である(32)に記載の方法。 (34) The method according to (32), wherein the disease is obesity or obesity.
 (35) 疾病が糖尿病である(32)に記載の方法。 (35) The method according to (32), wherein the disease is diabetes.
 (36) 疾病が肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、高血圧症、脳血管障害、冠動脈疾患、脂肪肝、呼吸異常、腰痛、変形性膝関節症、痛風又は胆石症である(32)に記載の方法。 (36) Hyperlipidemia caused by obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, lipid metabolism disorder, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, Diabetic retinopathy, including diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, hypertension, brain (32) The method according to (32), which is vascular disorder, coronary artery disease, fatty liver, respiratory abnormalities, low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, gout or cholelithiasis.
 (37) 疾病が肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、糖尿病、動脈硬化症又は高血圧症である(32)に記載の方法。 (37) The method according to (32), wherein the disease is hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, arteriosclerosis or hypertension caused by obesity.
 (38) (1)乃至(5)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩の薬理的な有効量を温血動物に投与する小腸からの脂肪吸収を抑制する方法。 (38) Absorption of fat from the small intestine in which a pharmacologically effective amount of the compound described in any one of (1) to (5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is administered to a warm-blooded animal. How to suppress.
 (39) 温血動物がヒトである(30)乃至(38)から選択されるいずれか一項に記載の方法
である。
(39) The method according to any one of (30) to (38), wherein the warm-blooded animal is a human.
 本発明において、「ハロゲン原子」は、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子又は沃素原子である。好適には、フッ素原子又は塩素原子である。 In the present invention, the “halogen atom” is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom. Preferable is a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
 本発明において、「C-Cアルキル基」は、炭素数1乃至6個の直鎖又は分枝鎖アルキル基である。例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、s-ブチル、t-ブチル、ペンチル、イソペンチル、2-メチルブチル、ネオペンチル、1-エチルプロピル、ヘキシル、イソヘキシル又は4-メチルペンチル基であり、好適には、炭素数1乃至4個の直鎖又は分枝鎖アルキル基(C1-Cアルキル基)であり、より好適には、メチル基又はエチル基(C1-Cアルキル基)であり、更により好適には、メチル基である。 In the present invention, the “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group” is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. For example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, isohexyl or 4-methylpentyl group, suitable Is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (C 1 -C 4 alkyl group), more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group (C 1 -C 2 alkyl group). And even more preferred is a methyl group.
 本発明において、「C-Cハロゲン化アルキル基」は、同一又は異なる1乃至5個の前記「ハロゲン原子」が前記「C-Cアルキル基」に結合した基である。例えば、トリフルオロメチル、トリクロロメチル、ジフルオロメチル、ジクロロメチル、ジブロモメチル、フルオロメチル、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル、2,2,2-トリクロロエチル、2-ブロモエチル、2-クロロエチル又は2-フルオロエチル基であり、好適には、同一又は異なる1乃至5個の前記「ハロゲン原子」が前記「C1-Cアルキル基」に結合した基(C-Cハロゲン化アルキル基)であり、より好適には、同一又は異なる1乃至5個の前記「ハロゲン原子」が前記「C1-Cアルキル基」に結合した基(C-Cハロゲン化アルキル基)であり、更により好適には、トリフルオロメチル基である。 In the present invention, the “C 1 -C 6 halogenated alkyl group” is a group in which the same or different 1 to 5 “halogen atoms” are bonded to the “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group”. For example, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, dichloromethyl, dibromomethyl, fluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 2-chloroethyl or 2- A fluoroethyl group, and preferably a group (C 1 -C 4 halogenated alkyl group) in which the same or different 1 to 5 “halogen atoms” are bonded to the “C 1 -C 4 alkyl group”. More preferably, the same or different 1 to 5 “halogen atoms” are groups (C 1 -C 2 halogenated alkyl groups) bonded to the “C 1 -C 2 alkyl group”, More preferably, it is a trifluoromethyl group.
 本発明において、「C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基」は、1個の前記「C-Cアルキル基」が結合した酸素原子がカルボニル基に結合した基である。例えば、メトキシカルボニル、エトキシカルボニル、プロポキシカルボニル、イソプロポキシカルボニル、ブトキシカルボニル、イソブトキシカルボニル、s-ブトキシカルボニル又はt-ブトキシカルボニル基であり、好適には、1個の前記「C-Cアルキル基」が結合した酸素原子がカルボニル基に結合した基(C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基)であり、より好適には、メトキシカルボニル基又はエトキシカルボニル基(C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基)であり、更により好適には、メトキシカルボニル基である。 In the present invention, the “C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group” is a group in which one oxygen atom bonded to the “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group” is bonded to a carbonyl group. For example, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, s-butoxycarbonyl or t-butoxycarbonyl group, preferably one of the above-mentioned “C 1 -C 4 alkyl” A group (C 2 -C 5 alkoxycarbonyl group) in which an oxygen atom to which a group is bonded is bonded to a carbonyl group, and more preferably a methoxycarbonyl group or an ethoxycarbonyl group (C 2 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl group) And even more preferred is a methoxycarbonyl group.
 本発明において、「C-Cヒドロキシアルコキシカルボニル基」は、前記「C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基」の「C-Cアルキル基」に1個のヒドロキシ基が結合した基である。例えば、1-ヒドロキシメトキシカルボニル、2-ヒドロキシエトキシカルボニル、1-ヒドロキシエトキシカルボニル又は3-ヒドロキシプロポキシカルボニル基であり、好適には、前記「C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基」の「C-Cアルキル基」に1個のヒドロキシ基が結合した基(C-Cヒドロキシアルコキシカルボニル基)であり、より好適には、2-ヒドロキシエトキシカルボニル基である。 In the present invention, the “C 2 -C 7 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl group” is a group in which one hydroxy group is bonded to the “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group” of the “C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group”. . For example, 1-hydroxymethoxycarbonyl, 2-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl, 1-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl or 3-hydroxypropoxycarbonyl group, preferably “C 1 -C 3 ” of the above “C 2 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl group” 2 alkyl group ”is a group in which one hydroxy group is bonded (C 2 -C 3 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl group), more preferably a 2-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl group.
 本発明において、「ハロゲン原子、C-Cアルキル基、C-Cハロゲン化アルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、シアノ基、カルボキシル基、カルボキシメチル基、C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基及びC-Cヒドロキシアルコキシカルボニル基から選択される基で独立に1乃至3個置換されていてもよいフェニル基」は、1乃至3個のハロゲン原子、C-Cアルキル基、C-Cハロゲン化アルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、シアノ基、カルボキシル基、カルボキシメチル基、C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基及びC-Cヒドロキシアルコキシカルボニル基から選択される基が独立に置換されていてもよいフェニル基であり、好適には、フッ素原子、塩素原子、メチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、カルボキシル基及びカルボキシメチル基から選択される基で独立に1又は2個置換されているフェニル基であり、より好適には、4-カルボキシルフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-フルオロフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-クロロフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-メチルフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-トリフルオロメチルフェニル基又は4-カルボキシメチル-2-クロロフェニル基である。 In the present invention, “halogen atom, C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, C 1 -C 6 halogenated alkyl group, hydroxymethyl group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carboxymethyl group, C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group and C A phenyl group which may be independently substituted with 1 to 3 groups independently selected from a group selected from 2- C 7 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl groups ”means 1 to 3 halogen atoms, C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups, C 1 —; Groups independently selected from C 6 halogenated alkyl groups, hydroxymethyl groups, cyano groups, carboxyl groups, carboxymethyl groups, C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl groups and C 2 -C 7 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl groups are independently substituted. A phenyl group, preferably a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, A phenyl group independently substituted with one or two groups selected from a ruboxyl group and a carboxymethyl group, more preferably a 4-carboxylphenyl group, a 4-carboxyl-2-fluorophenyl group, 4- A carboxyl-2-chlorophenyl group, a 4-carboxyl-2-methylphenyl group, a 4-carboxyl-2-trifluoromethylphenyl group or a 4-carboxymethyl-2-chlorophenyl group;
 本発明の一般式(I)を有する化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩は、全ての異性体(ジアステレオ異性体、光学異性体、回転異性体等)を有する。 The compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has all isomers (diastereoisomers, optical isomers, rotational isomers, etc.).
 本発明の一般式(I)を有する化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩は、その分子内に不斉炭素原子が存在するので、種々の異性体を有する。本発明の化合物においては、これらの異性体およびこれらの異性体の混合物がすべて単一の式、即ち一般式(I)で示されている。従って、本発明はこれらの異性体およびこれらの異性体の任意の割合の混合物をもすべて含むものである。 The compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has various isomers because an asymmetric carbon atom is present in the molecule. In the compounds of the present invention, these isomers and mixtures of these isomers are all represented by a single formula, that is, the general formula (I). Therefore, the present invention includes all of these isomers and a mixture of these isomers in an arbitrary ratio.
 上記のような立体異性体は、光学活性な原料化合物を用いるか、又は不斉合成若しくは不斉誘導の手法を用いて本発明に係る化合物を合成するか、或いは合成した本発明に係る化合物を所望により通常の光学分割法又は分離法を用いて単離することにより得ることができる。 For the stereoisomer as described above, an optically active raw material compound is used, or a compound according to the present invention is synthesized using an asymmetric synthesis or asymmetric induction method, or a synthesized compound according to the present invention is synthesized. If desired, it can be obtained by isolation using a conventional optical resolution method or separation method.
 本発明の化合物は、このような化合物を構成する原子の1以上に、原子同位体の非天然割合も含有し得る。原子同位体としては、例えば、重水素(H)、トリチウム(H)、ヨウ素-125(125I)又は炭素-14(14C)などが挙げられる。また、前記化合物は、例えば、トリチウム(H)、ヨウ素-125(125I)又は炭素-14(14C)などの放射性同位体で放射性標識され得る。放射性標識された化合物は、治療又は予防剤、研究試薬、例えば、アッセイ試薬、及び診断剤、例えば、インビボ画像診断剤として有用である。本発明の化合物の全ての同位体変異種は、放射性であると否とを問わず、本発明の範囲に包含されるものとする。 The compounds of the present invention may also contain unnatural proportions of atomic isotopes at one or more of the atoms that constitute such compounds. Examples of the atomic isotope include deuterium ( 2 H), tritium ( 3 H), iodine-125 ( 125 I), carbon-14 ( 14 C), and the like. The compound can also be radiolabeled with a radioisotope such as, for example, tritium ( 3 H), iodine-125 ( 125 I), or carbon-14 ( 14 C). Radiolabeled compounds are useful as therapeutic or prophylactic agents, research reagents such as assay reagents, and diagnostic agents such as in vivo diagnostic imaging agents. All isotope variants of the compounds of the present invention, whether radioactive or not, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
 「その薬理上許容される塩」とは、著しい毒性を有さず、医薬として使用され得る塩をいう。本発明の一般式(I)を有する化合物は、塩基性の基を有する場合には酸と反応させることにより、又、酸性の基を有する場合には塩基と反応させることにより、塩にすることができる。 “The pharmacologically acceptable salt” refers to a salt that has no significant toxicity and can be used as a medicine. When the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention has a basic group, it is reacted with an acid, and when it has an acidic group, it is reacted with a base to form a salt. Can do.
 塩基性基に基づく塩としては、例えば、弗化水素酸塩、塩酸塩、臭化水素酸塩、沃化水素酸塩のようなハロゲン化水素酸塩、硝酸塩、過塩素酸塩、硫酸塩、燐酸塩等の無機酸塩;メタンスルホン酸塩、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸塩、エタンスルホン酸塩のようなC-Cアルキルスルホン酸塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸塩、p-トルエンスルホン酸塩のようなアリ-ルスルホン酸塩、酢酸塩、りんご酸塩、フマ-ル酸塩、コハク酸塩、クエン酸塩、アスコルビン酸塩、酒石酸塩、蓚酸塩、マレイン酸塩等の有機酸塩;及び、グリシン塩、リジン塩、アルギニン塩、オルニチン塩、グルタミン酸塩、アスパラギン酸塩のようなアミノ酸塩を挙げることができる。 Examples of the salt based on the basic group include hydrohalides such as hydrofluoride, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, nitrate, perchlorate, sulfate, Inorganic acid salts such as phosphates; C 1 -C 6 alkyl sulfonates such as methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, etc. Organic acid salts such as aryl sulfonate, acetate, malate, fumarate, succinate, citrate, ascorbate, tartrate, succinate, maleate; and glycine salt And amino acid salts such as lysine salt, arginine salt, ornithine salt, glutamate and aspartate.
 一方、酸性基に基づく塩としては、例えば、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、リチウム塩のようなアルカリ金属塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩のようなアルカリ土類金属塩、アルミニウム塩、鉄塩等の金属塩;アンモニウム塩のような無機塩、t-オクチルアミン塩、ジベンジルアミン塩、モルホリン塩、グルコサミン塩、フェニルグリシンアルキルエステル塩、エチレンジアミン塩、N-メチルグルカミン塩、グアニジン塩、ジエチルアミン塩、トリエチルアミン塩、ジシクロヘキシルアミン塩、N,N’-ジベンジルエチレンジアミン塩、クロロプロカイン塩、プロカイン塩、ジエタノールアミン塩、N-ベンジルフェネチルアミン塩、ピペラジン塩、テトラメチルアンモニウム塩、トリス(ヒドロキシメチル)アミノメタン塩のような有機塩等のアミン塩;及び、グリシン塩、リジン塩、アルギニン塩、オルニチン塩、グルタミン酸塩、アスパラギン酸塩のようなアミノ酸塩を挙げることができる。 On the other hand, examples of the salt based on the acidic group include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt, potassium salt and lithium salt, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt, metal salts such as aluminum salt and iron salt. Inorganic salts such as ammonium salts, t-octylamine salts, dibenzylamine salts, morpholine salts, glucosamine salts, phenylglycine alkyl ester salts, ethylenediamine salts, N-methylglucamine salts, guanidine salts, diethylamine salts, triethylamine salts , Dicyclohexylamine salt, N, N′-dibenzylethylenediamine salt, chloroprocaine salt, procaine salt, diethanolamine salt, N-benzylphenethylamine salt, piperazine salt, tetramethylammonium salt, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane salt Amine salts such as organic salts; and include glycine salts, lysine salts, arginine salts, ornithine salts, glutamic acid salts, amino acid salts such as aspartate.
 本発明の一般式(I)を有する化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩は、大気中に放置したり、又は、再結晶したりすることにより、水分子を取り込んで、水和物となる場合があり、そのような水和物も本発明の塩に包含される。 When the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof is left in the air or recrystallized to take in water molecules to become a hydrate. Such hydrates are also included in the salts of the present invention.
 本発明の一般式(I)を有する化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩は、他のある種の溶媒を吸収し、溶媒和物となる場合があり、そのような溶媒和物も本発明の塩に包含される。 The compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof may absorb a certain other solvent and become a solvate, and such a solvate is also a solvate of the present invention. Included in the salt.
 本発明の一般式(I)で表される化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩は、優れたDGAT阻害作用及び摂食抑制作用を有しており、温血動物(好ましくは哺乳類動物であり、ヒトを含む)における下記の疾患:肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、虚血性心疾患及び過食症からなる群から選ばれる疾患、又は肥満に起因する高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、高血圧症、脳血管障害、冠動脈疾患、脂肪肝、呼吸異常、腰痛、変形性膝関節症、痛風、及び胆石症からなる群から選ばれる疾患の予防及び/又は治療のための医薬として有用である。また、本発明により提供される一般式(I)で表される新規な化合物またはその薬理上許容される塩は、優れたDGAT阻害作用を有しており、温血動物(好ましくは哺乳類動物であり、ヒトを含む)における上記の疾患の予防及び/又は治療のための医薬の有効成分として有用である。好適には、上記の疾患の治療のための医薬として用いることができる。 The compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has an excellent DGAT inhibitory action and feeding inhibitory action, and is a warm-blooded animal (preferably a mammal, Diseases (including humans): obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglycerideemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis , A disease selected from the group consisting of ischemic heart disease and bulimia, or hyperlipidemia, hypertriglycerideemia, lipid metabolism disorder, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, sugar caused by obesity Urinary disease, diabetic complications (including diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis Disease selected from the group consisting of infectious disease, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, hypertension, cerebrovascular disorder, coronary artery disease, fatty liver, respiratory abnormalities, low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, gout, and cholelithiasis It is useful as a medicament for the prevention and / or treatment. Further, the novel compound represented by the general formula (I) provided by the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has an excellent DGAT inhibitory action, and is a warm-blooded animal (preferably a mammalian animal). And is useful as an active ingredient of a medicament for the prevention and / or treatment of the above-mentioned diseases (including humans). Suitably, it can be used as a medicament for the treatment of the above-mentioned diseases.
 本発明の一般式(I)を有する化合物は、以下に記載するA法に従って製造することができる。 The compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention can be produced according to Method A described below.
 下記A法の各工程の反応において使用される不活性溶媒は、反応を阻害せず、出発原料をある程度溶解するものであれば特に限定はなく、例えば、下記溶媒群より選択される。溶媒群は、ペンタン、ヘキサン、オクタン、石油エーテル、リグロイン、シクロヘキサンのような炭化水素類;ホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N-メチル-2-ピロリジノン、ヘキサメチルリン酸トリアミドのようなアミド類;ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、ジメトキシエタン、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、シクロペンチルメチルエーテルのようなエーテル類;メタノール、エタノール、n-プロパノール、i-プロパノール、n-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、2-メチル-1-プロパノール、t-ブタノール、イソアミルアルコール、ジエチレングリコール、グリセリン、オクタノール、シクロヘキサノール、メチルセロソルブのようなアルコール類;ジメチルスルホキシドのようなスルホキシド類;スルホランのようなスルホン類;アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ブチロニトリル、イソブチロニトリルのようなニトリル類;蟻酸エチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、酢酸ブチル、炭酸ジエチルのようなエステル類;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、4-メチル-2-ペンタノン、メチルイソブチルケトン、イソホロン、シクロヘキサノンのようなケトン類;ニトロエタン、ニトロベンゼンのようなニトロ化合物類;ジクロロメタン、1,2-ジクロロエタン、クロロベンゼン、ジクロロベンゼン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素のようなハロゲン化炭化水素類;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンのような芳香族炭化水素類;酢酸、蟻酸、プロピオン酸、ブチリル酸、トリフルオロ酢酸のようなカルボン酸類;N-メチルモルホリン、トリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トリブチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ジシクロヘキシルアミン、N-メチルピペリジン、ピリジン、2,6-ルチジン、4-ピロリジノピリジン、ピコリン、4-(N,N-ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン、2,6-ジ(t-ブチル)-4-メチルピリジン、キノリン、N,N-ジメチルアニリン、N,N-ジエチルアニリン、1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノナ-5-エン(DBN)、1,4-ジアザビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタン(DABCO)、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン(DBU)、ピペリジンのようなアミン類;水;及び、これらの混合溶媒からなる。 The inert solvent used in the reaction of each step of Method A below is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting materials to some extent, and is selected from the following solvent group, for example. Solvent groups include hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, octane, petroleum ether, ligroin, cyclohexane; formamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl Amides such as -2-pyrrolidinone and hexamethylphosphoric triamide; ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethoxyethane, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and cyclopentyl methyl ether; methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i -Propanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, t-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, octanol, cyclohexanol, Alcohols such as methyl cellosolve; sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; sulfones such as sulfolane; nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, isobutyronitrile; ethyl formate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, Esters such as butyl acetate and diethyl carbonate; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, isophorone and cyclohexanone; nitro compounds such as nitroethane and nitrobenzene; dichloromethane, 1, Halogenated hydrocarbons such as 2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, Carboxylic acids such as tyryl acid and trifluoroacetic acid; N-methylmorpholine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, diisopropylethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, N-methylpiperidine, pyridine, 2,6-lutidine, 4-pyrrolidinopyridine , Picoline, 4- (N, N-dimethylamino) pyridine, 2,6-di (t-butyl) -4-methylpyridine, quinoline, N, N-dimethylaniline, N, N-diethylaniline, 1,5 -Diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene (DBN), 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO), 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7 -Amine (DBU), amines such as piperidine; water; and a mixed solvent thereof.
 下記A法の各工程の反応において使用される塩基は、例えば、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸リチウム、炭酸セシウムのようなアルカリ金属炭酸塩類;炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸水素リチウムのようなアルカリ金属炭酸水素塩類;酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、酢酸リチウム、酢酸セシウムのようなアルカリ金属酢酸塩類;水素化リチウム、水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウムのようなアルカリ金属水素化物類;水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化バリウム、水酸化リチウムのようなアルカリ金属水酸化物類;弗化ナトリウム、弗化カリウムのようなアルカリ金属弗化物類等の無機塩基類;ナトリウム-t-ブトキシド、カリウム-t-ブトキシドのようなアルカリ金属アルコキシド類;ナトリウムトリメチルシロキシド、カリウムトリメチルシロキシド、リチウムトリメチルシロキシドのようなアルカリ金属トリアルキルシロキシド類;N-メチルモルホリン、トリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トリブチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ジシクロヘキシルアミン、N-メチルピペリジン、ピリジン、2,6-ルチジン、4-ピロリジノピリジン、ピコリン、4-(N,N-ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン、2,6-ジ(t-ブチル)-4-メチルピリジン、キノリン、N,N-ジメチルアニリン、N,N-ジエチルアニリン、1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノナ-5-エン(DBN)、1,4-ジアザビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタン(DABCO)、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン(DBU)のような有機塩基類;リチウムジイソプロピルアミド、リチウム ビス(トリメチルシリル)アミドのような有機金属塩基類;又は、プロリンのようなアミノ酸である。 The base used in the reaction of each step of the following method A is, for example, alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate, cesium carbonate; sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, lithium hydrogen carbonate, etc. Alkali metal bicarbonates; alkali metal acetates such as sodium acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, cesium acetate; alkali metal hydrides such as lithium hydride, sodium hydride, potassium hydride; sodium hydroxide, water Alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium oxide, barium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide; inorganic bases such as alkali metal fluorides such as sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride; sodium-t-butoxide, potassium-t -Alkali metal alkoxides such as butoxide; Alkali metal trialkylsiloxides such as methylsiloxide, potassium trimethylsiloxide, lithium trimethylsiloxide; N-methylmorpholine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, diisopropylethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, N-methylpiperidine, pyridine 2,6-lutidine, 4-pyrrolidinopyridine, picoline, 4- (N, N-dimethylamino) pyridine, 2,6-di (t-butyl) -4-methylpyridine, quinoline, N, N-dimethyl Aniline, N, N-diethylaniline, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene (DBN), 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO), 1,8 -Diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (D Organic bases such as U); organometallic bases such as lithium diisopropylamide, lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide; or an amino acid such as proline.
 下記A法の各工程の反応において、反応温度は、溶媒、出発原料、試薬等により異なり、反応時間は、溶媒、出発原料、試薬、反応温度等により異なる。 In the reaction of each step of Method A below, the reaction temperature varies depending on the solvent, starting material, reagent, and the like, and the reaction time varies depending on the solvent, starting material, reagent, reaction temperature, and the like.
 下記A法の各工程の反応において、反応終了後、各目的化合物は常法に従って、反応混合物から採取される。例えば、反応混合物を適宜中和し、又、不溶物が存在する場合には濾過により除去した後、水と酢酸エチルのような混和しない有機溶媒を加え、目的化合物を含む有機層を分離し、水等で洗浄後、無水硫酸マグネシウム、無水硫酸ナトリウム等で乾燥、ろ過後、溶剤を留去することによって得られる。得られた目的化合物は必要ならば、常法、例えば再結晶、再沈殿等の通常、有機化合物の分離精製に慣用されている方法を適宜組合せ、クロマトグラフィーを応用し、適切な溶離剤で溶出することによって分離、精製することができる。溶媒に不溶の目的化合物では、得られた固体の粗生成物を溶媒で洗浄して、精製することができる。また、各工程の目的化合物は精製することなくそのまま次の反応に使用することもできる。 In the reaction of each step of Method A below, after completion of the reaction, each target compound is collected from the reaction mixture according to a conventional method. For example, neutralize the reaction mixture as appropriate, or remove insoluble matter by filtration, add water and an immiscible organic solvent such as ethyl acetate, and separate the organic layer containing the target compound, It can be obtained by washing with water, drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, anhydrous sodium sulfate, etc., filtering, and then distilling off the solvent. If necessary, the obtained target compound is eluted with an appropriate eluent by applying a conventional method, for example, recrystallization, reprecipitation, etc., usually using methods commonly used for separation and purification of organic compounds, applying chromatography, and the like. Can be separated and purified. For a target compound insoluble in a solvent, the obtained solid crude product can be purified by washing with a solvent. In addition, the target compound in each step can be directly used in the next reaction without purification.
 A法は、一般式(I)を有する化合物を製造する方法である。 Method A is a method for producing a compound having the general formula (I).
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000003
 本発明において、Rは、前述したものと同意義を示し、Rは、Rの基に置換基として含まれるヒドロキシ基及び/又はカルボキシル基が、保護されてもよいヒドロキシ基及び/又はカルボキシル基である他、Rの基の定義における基と同様の基を示す。 In the present invention, R represents the same meaning as described above, and R a represents a hydroxy group and / or carboxyl group in which a hydroxy group and / or carboxyl group contained as a substituent in the R group may be protected. In addition to these, the same groups as those in the definition of the R group are shown.
 第A1工程
 本工程は、一般式(IV)を有する化合物を製造する工程である。
Step A1 This step is a step of producing a compound having the general formula (IV).
 本工程は、溶媒中、塩基の存在下、一般式(II)を有する化合物を、化合物(III)と反応させることにより行なわれる。 This step is performed by reacting the compound having the general formula (II) with the compound (III) in the presence of a base in a solvent.
 一般式(II)を有する化合物は、公知化合物(例えば、WO2006/004200号公報、J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1887等)であるか、或いは公知化合物を出発原料に公知の方法(例えば、WO2006/004200号公報、J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1887等)又はそれに類似した方法に従って容易に製造される。 The compound having the general formula (II) is a known compound (for example, WO2006 / 004200, J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1887, etc.) or a known method using a known compound as a starting material (for example, , WO2006 / 004200, J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1887, etc.) or similar methods.
 本工程において使用される溶媒は、好適には、アミド類であり、より好適には、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミドである。 The solvent used in this step is preferably an amide, and more preferably N, N-dimethylacetamide.
 本工程において使用される塩基は、好適には、アルカリ金属炭酸塩類であり、より好適には、炭酸カリウムである。 The base used in this step is preferably an alkali metal carbonate, and more preferably potassium carbonate.
 本工程における反応温度は、通常、0℃乃至180℃であり、好適には、60℃乃至120℃である。 The reaction temperature in this step is usually 0 ° C. to 180 ° C., preferably 60 ° C. to 120 ° C.
 本工程における反応時間は、通常、0.5時間乃至72時間であり、好適には、2時間乃至24時間である。 The reaction time in this step is usually 0.5 hours to 72 hours, preferably 2 hours to 24 hours.
 第A2工程
 本工程は、一般式(I)を有する化合物を製造する工程である。
Step A2 This step is a step of producing a compound having the general formula (I).
 本工程は、溶媒中、パラジウム触媒及び塩基の存在下、一般式(IV)を有する化合物を、化合物(V)と反応させた後、所望によりRにおけるヒドロキシ基及び/又はカルボキシル基の保護基を除去することにより行なわれる。 In this step, a compound having the general formula (IV) is reacted with the compound (V) in a solvent in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base, and then, optionally, a protective group for a hydroxy group and / or a carboxyl group in Ra . This is done by removing.
 本工程において使用される溶媒は、好適には、アミド類と水の混合溶媒であり、より好適には、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミドと水の混合溶媒である。 The solvent used in this step is preferably a mixed solvent of amides and water, and more preferably a mixed solvent of N, N-dimethylacetamide and water.
 本工程において使用されるパラジウム触媒は、例えば、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)、パラジウム-活性炭素、酢酸パラジウム(II)、トリフルオロ酢酸パラジウム(II)、パラジウム黒、臭化パラジウム(II)、塩化パラジウム(II)、沃化パラジウム(II)、シアン化パラジウム(II)、硝酸パラジウム(II)、酸化パラジウム(II)、硫酸パラジウム(II)、ジクロロビス(アセトニトリル)パラジウム(II)、ジクロロビス(ベンゾニトリル)パラジウム(II)、ジクロロ(1,5-シクロオクタジエン)パラジウム(II)、アセチルアセトンパラジウム(II)、硫化パラジウム(II)、[1,1′-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリド、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)、テトラキス(アセトニトリル)パラジウム(II)テトラフルオロボレート又は塩化アリールパラジウムダイマーのような2価のパラジウム触媒又は0価のパラジウム触媒であり、好適には、0価のパラジウム触媒であり、より好適には、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)である。 The palladium catalyst used in this step is, for example, tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0), palladium-activated carbon, palladium acetate (II), palladium trifluoroacetate (II), palladium black, palladium bromide (II ), Palladium (II) chloride, palladium (II) iodide, palladium (II) cyanide, palladium (II) nitrate, palladium (II) oxide, palladium (II) sulfate, dichlorobis (acetonitrile) palladium (II), dichlorobis (Benzonitrile) palladium (II), dichloro (1,5-cyclooctadiene) palladium (II), acetylacetone palladium (II), palladium sulfide (II), [1,1'-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] Palladium (II) dichroic A divalent palladium catalyst such as Lido, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0), tetrakis (acetonitrile) palladium (II) tetrafluoroborate or arylpalladium chloride dimer, preferably a zerovalent palladium catalyst, , A zero-valent palladium catalyst, and more preferably tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0).
 本工程において使用される塩基は、好適には、アルカリ金属炭酸塩類であり、より好適には、炭酸カリウムである。 The base used in this step is preferably an alkali metal carbonate, and more preferably potassium carbonate.
 本工程における反応温度は、通常、20℃乃至180℃であり、好適には、60℃乃至120℃である。 The reaction temperature in this step is usually 20 ° C. to 180 ° C., preferably 60 ° C. to 120 ° C.
 本工程における反応時間は、通常、0.5時間乃至72時間であり、好適には、2時間乃至24時間である。 The reaction time in this step is usually 0.5 hours to 72 hours, preferably 2 hours to 24 hours.
 上記において、Rの定義における「保護されてもよいヒドロキシ基」及び「保護されてもよいカルボキシル基」の保護基とは、加水素分解、加水分解、電気分解、光分解のような化学的方法により開裂し得る保護基をいい、有機合成化学で一般的に用いられる保護基を示す(例えば、T. W. Greeneら,Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1999年)参照)。 In the above, the protecting group of “optionally protected hydroxy group” and “optionally protected carboxyl group” in the definition of R a is a chemical group such as hydrogenolysis, hydrolysis, electrolysis or photolysis. This refers to a protecting group that can be cleaved by a method, and shows a protecting group commonly used in organic synthetic chemistry (for example, TW Greene et al., Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1999)). reference).
 上記において、Rの定義における「保護されてもよいヒドロキシ基」の「保護基」は、有機合成化学の分野で使用されるヒドロキシ基の保護基であれば特に限定はされないが、例えば、ホルミル基、アセチル、プロピオニル、ブチリル、ペンタノイル、バレリルのようなC-Cアルキルカルボニル基、クロロアセチル、ジクロロアセチル、トリクロロアセチル、トリフルオロアセチルのようなハロゲン化アルキルカルボニル基、メトキシアセチルのようなアルコキシアルキルカルボニル基、アクリロイル、プロピオロイル、メタクリロイル、クロトノイル、イソクロトノイル、(E)-2-メチル-2-ブテノイルのような不飽和アルキルカルボニル基等の「アルキルカルボニル基」;ベンゾイル、α-ナフトイル、β-ナフトイルのようなアリールカルボニル基、2-ブロモベンゾイル、4-クロロベンゾイルのようなハロゲン化アリールカルボニル基、2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル、4-トルオイルのようなC-Cアルキル化アリ-ルカルボニル基、4-アニソイルのようなC-Cアルコキシ化アリールカルボニル基、4-ニトロベンゾイル、2-ニトロベンゾイルのようなニトロ化アリールカルボニル基、2-(メトキシカルボニル)ベンゾイルのようなC-Cアルコキシカルボニル化アリールカルボニル基、4-フェニルベンゾイルのようなアリール化アリールカルボニル基等の「アリールカルボニル基」;前記「C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基」、2,2,2-トリクロロエトキシカルボニル、2-トリメチルシリルエトキシカルボニルのようなハロゲン又はトリ-(C-Cアルキル)シリル基で置換されたC-Cアルコキシカルボニル基等の「アルコキシカルボニル基」;テトラヒドロピラン-2-イル、3-ブロモテトラヒドロピラン-2-イル、4-メトキシテトラヒドロピラン-4-イル、テトラヒドロチオピラン-2-イル、4-メトキシテトラヒドロチオピラン-4-イルのような「テトラヒドロピラニル又はテトラヒドロチオピラニル基」;テトラヒドロフラン-2-イル、テトラヒドロチオフラン-2-イルのような「テトラヒドロフラニル又はテトラヒドロチオフラニル基」;トリメチルシリル、トリエチルシリル、イソプロピルジメチルシリル、t-ブチルジメチルシリル、メチルジイソプロピルシリル、メチルジ-t-ブチルシリル、トリイソプロピルシリルのようなトリ-(C-Cアルキル)シリル基、ジフェニルメチルシリル、ジフェニルブチルシリル、ジフェニルイソプロピルシリル、フェニルジイソプロピルシリルのような(C-Cアルキル)ジアリールシリル又はジ-(C-Cアルキル)アリールシリル基等の「シリル基」;メトキシメチル、1,1-ジメチル-1-メトキシメチル、エトキシメチル、プロポキシメチル、イソプロポキシメチル、ブトキシメチル、t-ブトキシメチルのような(C-Cアルコキシ)メチル基、2-メトキシエトキシメチルのような(C-Cアルコキシ)-(C-Cアルコキシ)メチル基、2,2,2-トリクロロエトキシメチル、ビス(2-クロロエトキシ)メチルのような(C-Cハロゲン化アルコキシ)メチル等の「アルコキシメチル基」;1-エトキシエチル、1-(イソプロポキシ)エチルのような(C-Cアルコキシ)エチル基、2,2,2-トリクロロエチルのようなハロゲン化エチル基等の「置換エチル基」;ベンジル、α-ナフチルメチル、β-ナフチルメチル、ジフェニルメチル、トリフェニルメチル、α-ナフチルジフェニルメチル、9-アンスリルメチルのような1乃至3個のアリ-ル基で置換されたC-Cアルキル基、4-メチルベンジル、2,4,6-トリメチルベンジル、3,4,5-トリメチルベンジル、4-メトキシベンジル、4-メトキシフェニルジフェニルメチル、2-ニトロベンジル、4-ニトロベンジル、4-クロロベンジル、4-ブロモベンジル、4-シアノベンジルのようなC-Cアルキル、C-Cアルコキシ、ニトロ、ハロゲン、シアノ基でアリ-ル環が置換された1乃至3個のアリ-ル基で置換されたC-Cアルキル基等の「アラルキル基」;ビニルオキシカルボニル、アリルオキシカルボニルのような「アルケニルオキシカルボニル基」;ベンジルオキシカルボニル、4-メトキシベンジルオキシカルボニル、3,4-ジメトキシベンジルオキシカルボニル、2-ニトロベンジルオキシカルボニル、4-ニトロベンジルオキシカルボニルのような、1又は2個のC-Cアルコキシ又はニトロ基でアリ-ル環が置換されていてもよい「アラルキルオキシカルボニル基」であり、好適には、アルキルカルボニル基、シリル基又はアラルキル基である。 In the above, the “protecting group” of the “hydroxy group that may be protected” in the definition of R a is not particularly limited as long as it is a protecting group for a hydroxy group used in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. Groups, C 2 -C 7 alkylcarbonyl groups such as acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, pentanoyl, valeryl, halogenated alkylcarbonyl groups such as chloroacetyl, dichloroacetyl, trichloroacetyl, trifluoroacetyl, alkoxy such as methoxyacetyl “Alkylcarbonyl groups” such as alkylcarbonyl groups, acryloyl, propioloyl, methacryloyl, crotonoyl, isocrotonoyl, unsaturated alkylcarbonyl groups such as (E) -2-methyl-2-butenoyl; benzoyl, α-naphthoyl, β-naphthoyl Arylcarbonyl groups such as 2-bromobenzoyl, 4-chlorobenzoyl halide arylcarbonyl group such as yl, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl, 4-C 1 -C 6 alkylated ants such as toluoyl - ylcarbonyl Groups, C 1 -C 6 alkoxylated arylcarbonyl groups such as 4-anisoyl, nitrated arylcarbonyl groups such as 4-nitrobenzoyl, 2-nitrobenzoyl, C 2- such as 2- (methoxycarbonyl) benzoyl An “arylcarbonyl group” such as a C 7 alkoxycarbonylated arylcarbonyl group, an arylated arylcarbonyl group such as 4-phenylbenzoyl; the aforementioned “C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group”, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl , 2-Trimethylsilylethoxycal An “alkoxycarbonyl group” such as a C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group substituted with a halogen such as bornyl or a tri- (C 1 -C 6 alkyl) silyl group; tetrahydropyran-2-yl, 3-bromotetrahydropyran "Tetrahydropyranyl or tetrahydrothiopyranyl group" such as 2-yl, 4-methoxytetrahydropyran-4-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-2-yl, 4-methoxytetrahydrothiopyran-4-yl; tetrahydrofuran- “Tetrahydrofuranyl or tetrahydrothiofuranyl group” such as 2-yl, tetrahydrothiofuran-2-yl; trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, isopropyldimethylsilyl, t-butyldimethylsilyl, methyldiisopropylsilyl, methyldi-t-butylsilyl Birds such as triisopropylsilyl - (C 1 -C 6 alkyl) silyl group, diphenylmethyl silyl, diphenyl butylsilyl, diphenyl isopropylsilyl, such as phenyl diisopropylsilyl (C 1 -C 6 alkyl) diarylsilyl or di - A “silyl group” such as (C 1 -C 6 alkyl) arylsilyl group; methoxymethyl, 1,1-dimethyl-1-methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, propoxymethyl, isopropoxymethyl, butoxymethyl, t-butoxymethyl; (C 1 -C 6 alkoxy) methyl groups such as, (C 1 -C 6 alkoxy)-(C 1 -C 6 alkoxy) methyl groups such as 2-methoxyethoxymethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxymethyl (C 1 -C, such as bis (2-chloroethoxy) methyl, “Alkoxymethyl groups” such as 6- halogenated alkoxy) methyl; 1-ethoxyethyl, (C 1 -C 6 alkoxy) ethyl groups such as 1- (isopropoxy) ethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl and the like “Substituted ethyl groups” such as ethyl halide groups; 1 to 3 such as benzyl, α-naphthylmethyl, β-naphthylmethyl, diphenylmethyl, triphenylmethyl, α-naphthyldiphenylmethyl, 9-anthrylmethyl C 1 -C 6 alkyl group substituted with allyl group, 4-methylbenzyl, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl, 3,4,5-trimethylbenzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, 4-methoxyphenyldiphenyl Methyl, 2-nitrobenzyl, 4-nitrobenzyl, 4-chlorobenzyl, 4-bromobenzyl, 4-cyanoben C 1 -C 6 alkyl, such as Gilles, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, nitro, halogen, a cyano group - Le ring of 1 to 3 substituted ants - C 1 -C substituted with Le group “Aralkyl groups” such as 6 alkyl groups; “alkenyloxycarbonyl groups” such as vinyloxycarbonyl and allyloxycarbonyl; benzyloxycarbonyl, 4-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 3,4-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 2-nitro An “aralkyloxycarbonyl group” in which the aryl ring may be substituted with one or two C 1 -C 6 alkoxy or nitro groups, such as benzyloxycarbonyl and 4-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl; Is an alkylcarbonyl group, a silyl group or an aralkyl group.
 上記において、Rの定義における「保護されてもよいカルボキシル基」の「保護基」は、有機合成化学の分野で使用されるカルボキシル基の保護基であれば特に限定はされないが、例えば、前記「C-Cアルキル基」;エテニル、1-プロペニル、2-プロペニル、1-メチル-2-プロペニルのような「C-Cアルケニル基」;エチニル、1-プロピニル、2-プロピニル、1-メチル-2-プロピニルのような「C-Cアルキニル基」;前記「C-Cハロゲン化アルキル基」;ヒドロキシメチル、2-ヒドロキシエチルのようなC-Cヒドロキシアルキル基;アセチルメチルのような(C-Cアルキルカルボニル)-(C-Cアルキル基);前記「アラルキル基」;又は前記「シリル基」であり、好適には、C-Cアルキル基又はアラルキル基である。 In the above, the “protecting group” of the “optionally protected carboxyl group” in the definition of R a is not particularly limited as long as it is a protecting group for a carboxyl group used in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. “C 1 -C 6 alkyl group”; “C 2 -C 6 alkenyl group” such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl; ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, “C 2 -C 6 alkynyl group” such as 1-methyl-2-propynyl; the aforementioned “C 1 -C 6 halogenated alkyl group”; C 1 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl such as hydroxymethyl and 2-hydroxyethyl A group; such as acetylmethyl (C 2 -C 7 alkylcarbonyl)-(C 1 -C 6 alkyl group); said “aralkyl group”; or “silyl group” And preferably a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group or an aralkyl group.
 保護・脱保護が必要な工程は、既知の方法(例えば、”Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” (Theodora W. Greene、Peter G. M.Wuts著、 1999年、Wiley-Interscience Publication発行)等に記載の方法)に準じて行われる。 Processes that require protection / deprotection are described in known methods (for example, “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” (written by Theodora W. Greene, Peter G. M.Wuts, 1999, published by Wiley-Interscience Publication)). Method).
 本発明の化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩は、種々の形態で投与することができる。その投与形態としては、例えば、錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、乳剤、丸剤、散剤、シロップ剤(液剤)等による経口投与、または注射剤(静脈内、筋肉内、皮下または腹腔内投与)、点滴剤、坐剤(直腸投与)等による非経口投与を挙げることができる。これらの各種製剤は、常法に従って主薬に賦形剤、結合剤、崩壊剤、滑沢剤、矯味矯臭剤、溶解補助剤、懸濁剤、コーティング剤等の医薬の製剤技術分野において通常使用し得る補助剤を用いて製剤化することができる。 The compound of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof can be administered in various forms. Examples of the administration form include oral administration by tablets, capsules, granules, emulsions, pills, powders, syrups (solutions), etc., or injections (intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal administration), Examples include parenteral administration such as instillation and suppository (rectal administration). These various preparations are usually used in the pharmaceutical preparation technical field such as excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, flavoring agents, solubilizers, suspension agents, coating agents, etc. It can be formulated with the resulting adjuvant.
 錠剤として使用する場合、担体として、例えば、乳糖、白糖、塩化ナトリウム、グルコース、尿素、デンプン、炭酸カルシウム、カオリン、結晶セルロース、ケイ酸等の賦形剤;水、エタノール、プロパノール、単シロップ、グルコース液、デンプン液、ゼラチン溶液、カルボキシメチルセルロース、セラック、メチルセルロース、リン酸カリウム、ポリビニルピロリドン等の結合剤;乾燥デンプン、アルギン酸ナトリウム、寒天末、ラミナラン末、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸カルシウム、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸モノグリセリド、デンプン、乳糖等の崩壊剤;白糖、ステアリン、カカオバター、水素添加油等の崩壊抑制剤;第4級アンモニウム塩類、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム等の吸収促進剤;グリセリン、デンプン等の保湿剤;デンプン、乳糖、カオリン、ベントナイト、コロイド状ケイ酸等の吸着剤;精製タルク、ステアリン酸塩、硼酸末、ポリエチレングリコール等の潤沢剤等を使用することができる。また、必要に応じ通常の剤皮を施した錠剤、例えば糖衣錠、ゼラチン被包錠、腸溶被錠、フィルムコーティング錠あるいは二重錠、多層錠とすることができる。 When used as a tablet, as a carrier, for example, excipients such as lactose, sucrose, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, crystalline cellulose, silicic acid; water, ethanol, propanol, simple syrup, glucose Solution, starch solution, gelatin solution, carboxymethylcellulose, shellac, methylcellulose, potassium phosphate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc .; dried starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, laminaran powder, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid Disintegrators such as esters, sodium lauryl sulfate, monoglyceride stearate, starch, lactose; disintegrators such as sucrose, stearin, cocoa butter, hydrogenated oil; quaternary ammonium salts, sodium lauryl sulfate Moisturizers such as glycerin and starch; Adsorbents such as starch, lactose, kaolin, bentonite and colloidal silicic acid; Use of lubricants such as purified talc, stearate, boric acid powder and polyethylene glycol can do. Moreover, it can be set as the tablet which gave the normal coating as needed, for example, a sugar-coated tablet, a gelatin-encapsulated tablet, an enteric-coated tablet, a film-coated tablet, a double tablet, and a multilayer tablet.
 丸剤として使用する場合、担体として、例えば、グルコース、乳糖、カカオバター、デンプン、硬化植物油、カオリン、タルク等の賦形剤;アラビアゴム末、トラガント末、ゼラチン、エタノール等の結合剤;ラミナラン、寒天等の崩壊剤等を使用することができる。 When used as pills, as carriers, for example, excipients such as glucose, lactose, cocoa butter, starch, hydrogenated vegetable oil, kaolin, talc; binders such as gum arabic powder, tragacanth powder, gelatin, ethanol; laminaran, Disintegrants such as agar can be used.
 坐剤として使用する場合、担体としてこの分野で従来公知のものを広く使用でき、例えばポリエチレングリコール、カカオバター、高級アルコール、高級アルコールのエステル類、ゼラチン、半合成グリセリド等を挙げることができる。 When used as a suppository, a carrier conventionally known in this field can be widely used as a carrier, and examples thereof include polyethylene glycol, cocoa butter, higher alcohol, esters of higher alcohol, gelatin, semi-synthetic glyceride and the like.
 注射剤として使用する場合、液剤、乳剤または懸濁剤として使用することができる。これらの液剤、乳剤または懸濁剤は、殺菌され、血液と等張であることが好ましい。これら液剤、乳剤または懸濁剤の製造に用いる溶媒は、医療用の希釈剤として使用できるものであれば特に限定はなく、例えば、水、エタノール、プロピレングリコール、エトキシ化イソステアリルアルコール、ポリオキシ化イソステアリルアルコール、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類等を挙げることができる。なお、この場合、等張性の溶液を調製するのに充分な量の食塩、グルコースまたはグリセリンを製剤中に含んでいてもよく、また通常の溶解補助剤、緩衝剤、無痛化剤等を含んでいてもよい。 When used as an injection, it can be used as a solution, emulsion or suspension. These solutions, emulsions or suspensions are preferably sterilized and isotonic with blood. The solvent used in the production of these solutions, emulsions or suspensions is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a medical diluent. For example, water, ethanol, propylene glycol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxylated isoforms are used. Examples include stearyl alcohol and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters. In this case, a sufficient amount of sodium chloride, glucose or glycerin to prepare an isotonic solution may be included in the preparation, and a normal solubilizing agent, buffering agent, soothing agent, etc. may be included. You may go out.
 また、上記の製剤には、必要に応じて、着色剤、保存剤、香料、風味剤、甘味剤等を含めることもでき、更に、他の医薬品を含めることもできる。 In addition, the above-mentioned preparation may contain a coloring agent, a preservative, a fragrance, a flavoring agent, a sweetening agent, and the like as required, and may further contain other medicines.
 上記製剤に含まれる有効成分化合物の量は、特に限定されず広範囲に適宜選択されるが、通常、全組成物中0.5乃至70重量%、好ましくは1乃至30重量%含む。 The amount of the active ingredient compound contained in the preparation is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected within a wide range, but is usually 0.5 to 70% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight, based on the total composition.
 その使用量は患者(温血動物、特に人間)の症状、年齢等により異なるが、経口投与の場合には、1日あたり、上限として2000mg(好ましくは100mg)であり、下限として0.1mg(好ましくは1mg、さらに好ましくは10mg)を成人に対して、1日当り1乃至6回症状に応じて投与することが望ましい。 The amount used varies depending on the symptoms, age, etc. of the patient (warm-blooded animal, particularly human), but in the case of oral administration, the upper limit is 2000 mg (preferably 100 mg) per day, and the lower limit is 0.1 mg ( Preferably 1 mg, more preferably 10 mg) is administered to adults 1 to 6 times per day depending on the symptoms.
 以下、実施例および試験例を挙げて、本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明の範囲はこれらに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Test Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
 実施例のカラムクロマトグラフィーにおける溶出はTLC(Thin Layer Chromatography,薄層クロマトグラフィー)による観察下に行われた。TLC観察においては、TLCプレートとしてメルク(Merck)社製のシリカゲル60F254を、展開溶媒としてはカラムクロマトグラフィーで溶出溶媒として用いられた溶媒を、検出法としてUV検出器を採用した。カラム用シリカゲルは同じくメルク社製のシリカゲルSK-85(230~400メッシュ)、もしくは富士シリシア化学 Chromatorex NH(200 - 350メッシュ)を用いた。通常のカラムクロマトグラフィーの他に、Biotage社の自動クロマトグラフィー装置(SP-1)を適宜使用した。溶出溶媒は各実施例で指定した溶媒を指定された比率で用いた。(もしくは適宜必要に応じて比率を変化させた。)尚、実施例で用いる略号は、次のような意義を有する。
mg : ミリグラム,g : グラム,mL: ミリリットル,MHz : メガヘルツ。
Elution in the column chromatography of the examples was performed under observation by TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). In TLC observation, silica gel 60F 254 manufactured by Merck was used as a TLC plate, a solvent used as an elution solvent in column chromatography was used as a developing solvent, and a UV detector was used as a detection method. As silica gel for the column, silica gel SK-85 (230-400 mesh) manufactured by Merck Co., Ltd. or Fuji Silysia Chemical Chromatorex NH (200-350 mesh) was used. In addition to ordinary column chromatography, an automated chromatography apparatus (SP-1) manufactured by Biotage was used as appropriate. As the elution solvent, the solvent specified in each example was used at the specified ratio. (Or, the ratio was changed as necessary.) The abbreviations used in the examples have the following significance.
mg: milligram, g: gram, mL: milliliter, MHz: megahertz.
 以下の実施例において、核磁気共鳴(以下、1H NMR)スペクトルは、テトラメチルシランを標準物質として、ケミカルシフト値をδ値(ppm)にて記載した。分裂パターンは一重線をs、二重線をd、三重線をt、四重線をq、多重線をm、ブロードをbrで示した。 In the following examples, nuclear magnetic resonance (hereinafter, 1 H NMR) spectra are described with chemical shift values as δ values (ppm) using tetramethylsilane as a standard substance. The splitting pattern is indicated by s for single lines, d for double lines, t for triple lines, q for quadruple lines, m for multiple lines and br for broad lines.
 質量分析(以下、MS)は、EI(Electron Ionization)法、ESI(Electron Spray Ionization)法、もしくはFAB(Fast Atom Bombardment)法で行った。 Mass spectrometry (hereinafter referred to as MS) was performed by EI (Electron Ionization) method, ESI (Electron Spray Ionization) method, or FAB (Fast Atom Bombardment) method.
 (実施例1)
[3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸
(Example 1)
[3-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] acetic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000004
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000004
(1a)1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸[4-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン-2-イル)フェニル]アミド
 1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸(WO2008011130 A2)(2.17 g)、4-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン-2-イル)-フェニルアミン(1.85 g)、ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イルオキシ-トリス(ジメチルアミノ)ホスホニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート(BOP試薬)(4.13 g)、そしてトリエチルアミン(1.4 mL) のジメチルアセトアミド(20 mL)中の混合物を7日間撹拌した。混合物を酢酸エチルで希釈し、水と飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、そして濃縮した。残渣物をクロマトグラフィー(ジクロロメタン/酢酸エチル)で精製し、得られたオイルをメタノール中で激しく撹拌した。析出した固体をろ取し、減圧下乾燥し、標記化合物 3.00 g (78%) を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.67(1H, s), 9.67-8.64(1H, m), 8.17-8.11(1H, m), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.79(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.68(2H, d, J=8.7Hz), 7.59-7.56(1H, m), 1.30(12H, s).
(1b)[4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-クロロフェニル]酢酸 メチルエステル
 (3-クロロ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)酢酸 メチルエステル(WO2006004200A1)(3.69 g)、5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(3.58 g)、炭酸カリウム(5.10 g)のジメチルアセトアミド(30 mL)の懸濁液を80 ℃で10時間加熱した。反応混合物を酢酸エチルで希釈し、水と飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、そして濃縮した。残渣物をクロマトグラフィー(ジクロロメタン/酢酸エチル)で精製し、標記化合物 5.90 g(90%)を薄黄色オイルとして得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.58(2H, s), 7.45(1H, d, J=2.0Hz), 7.29-7.21(2H, m), 3.73(3H, s), 3.64(2H, s)
MS(ESI) m/z:358 (M + H)+
(1a) 1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [4- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- [1,3,2] dioxaborolane-2 -Yl) phenyl] amide 1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (WO2008011130 A2) (2.17 g), 4- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl -[1,3,2] dioxaborolan-2-yl) -phenylamine (1.85 g), benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris (dimethylamino) phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP reagent) (4.13 g), and triethylamine ( 1.4 mL) of the mixture in dimethylacetamide (20 mL) was stirred for 7 days. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography (dichloromethane / ethyl acetate) and the resulting oil was stirred vigorously in methanol. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 3.00 g (78%) of the title compound as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.67 (1H, s), 9.67-8.64 (1H, m), 8.17-8.11 (1H, m), 8.04 ( 1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.79 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.68 (2H, d, J = 8.7Hz), 7.59-7.56 (1H, m), 1.30 (12H, s).
(1b) [4- (5-Bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-chlorophenyl] acetic acid methyl ester (3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid methyl ester (WO2006004200A1) (3.69 g), 5-bromo-2 A suspension of chloropyrimidine (3.58 g) and potassium carbonate (5.10 g) in dimethylacetamide (30 mL) was heated at 80 ° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography (dichloromethane / ethyl acetate) to give 5.90 g (90%) of the title compound as a pale yellow oil.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.58 (2H, s), 7.45 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 7.29-7.21 (2H, m), 3.73 (3H, s), 3.64 (2H, s)
MS (ESI) m / z: 358 (M + H) <+> .
 (1c)[3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)-アミノ]-フェニル}-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-フェニル]-酢酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1a)で得た化合物(516 mg)、(1b)で得た[4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-クロロフェニル]酢酸 メチルエステル(401 mg)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)(65 mg)、そして炭酸カリウム(319 mg)のジメチルアセトアミド/水(20:1, 10 mL)の懸濁液を80 ℃で8時間加熱した。反応混合物を酢酸エチルで希釈し、水と飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、そして濃縮した。残渣物をクロマトグラフィー(ジクロロメタン/酢酸エチル)で精製し、標記化合物 289 mg(42%)を無色透明アモルファスとして得た。
MS(ESI) m/z:609 (M + H)+.
(1d)[3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸
 実施例(1c)で得た[3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)-アミノ]-フェニル}-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-フェニル]-酢酸 メチルエステル(289 mg)の1,4-ジオキサン(5 mL)溶液に、水酸化テトラブチルアンモニウム(1 mol/L 水溶液、1 mL)を室温で加えた。19時間後、反応混合物を濃縮し、1 N 塩酸水溶液(10 mL)で酸性化し、酢酸エチルで希釈し、そして1時間激しく撹拌した。析出した固体をろ取し、減圧下乾燥し、標記化合物 277 mg (98%) を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=12.5(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.67(1H, s), 9.01(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=5.9Hz), 8.15(1H, dd, J=7.8 and 7.8Hz), 8.05(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.90(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.77(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.60-7.54(2H, m), 7.40-7.33(2H, m), 3.68(2H, s)
MS(ES) m/z:595 (M + H)+
(1c) [3-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) -amino] -phenyl} -pyrimidine-2 -Iloxy) -phenyl] -acetic acid methyl ester Methyl [4- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-chlorophenyl] acetate obtained in Example (1a) (516 mg), (1b) A suspension of ester (401 mg), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) (65 mg), and potassium carbonate (319 mg) in dimethylacetamide / water (20: 1, 10 mL) at 80 ° C. Heated for hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography (dichloromethane / ethyl acetate) to obtain 289 mg (42%) of the title compound as a colorless transparent amorphous.
MS (ESI) m / z: 609 (M + H) + .
(1d) [3-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) [Phenyl] acetic acid [3-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl) -amino] obtained in Example (1c) ] -Phenyl} -pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -phenyl] -acetic acid methyl ester (289 mg) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (1 mol / L aqueous solution, 1 mL) Was added at room temperature. After 19 hours, the reaction mixture was concentrated, acidified with 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid (10 mL), diluted with ethyl acetate, and stirred vigorously for 1 hour. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 277 mg (98%) of the title compound as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 12.5 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.67 (1H, s), 9.01 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 5.9Hz), 8.15 (1H, dd, J = 7.8 and 7.8Hz), 8.05 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.90 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.77 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.60-7.54 (2H, m), 7.40-7.33 (2H, m), 3.68 (2H, s)
MS (ES) m / z: 595 (M + H) <+> .
 (実施例2)
[4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸
(Example 2)
[4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] acetic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000005
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000005
(2a)[4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)酢酸 メチルエステル(3.08 g)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(3.59 g)から、標記化合物 4.84 g (81%)を薄ベージュ色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.57(2H, s), 7.37(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.15(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 3.72(3H, s), 3.66(2H, s).
(2b)[4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(2a)で得た[4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸 メチルエステル(171 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(244 mg)から、ビアリール体 197 mg(64%)を白色固体として得た。このビアリール体(197 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 120 mg (62%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=12.3(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 8.98(2H, s), 8.65-8.63(1H, m), 8.16-8.12(1H, m), 8.06-8.03(1H, m), 7.89(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.76(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.59-7.56(1H, m), 7.35(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.19(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 3.32(2H, s);
MS(FAB) m/z:561 (M + H)+
(2a) [4- (5-Bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] acetic acid methyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1b), (4-hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid methyl ester (3.08 g) and 5-bromo- From 2-chloropyrimidine (3.59 g), 4.84 g (81%) of the title compound was obtained as a light beige solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.57 (2H, s), 7.37 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.15 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.66 (2H, s).
(2b) [4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] acetic acid In the same manner as in Example (1c), [4- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] acetic acid methyl ester (171 mg) obtained in Example (2a) and the compound obtained in Example (1a) (244 mg) gave 197 mg (64%) of a biaryl compound as a white solid. From this biaryl compound (197 mg), 120 mg (62%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid in the same manner as in Example (1d).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 12.3 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 8.98 (2H, s), 8.65-8.63 (1H, m), 8.16-8.12 (1H, m), 8.06-8.03 (1H, m), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.76 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.59-7.56 (1H , m), 7.35 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.19 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 3.32 (2H, s);
MS (FAB) m / z: 561 (M + H) <+> .
 (実施例3)
3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
(Example 3)
3-chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000006
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000006
(3a)4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-クロロ安息香酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、3-クロロ-4-ヒドロキシ-安息香酸 メチルエステル(J . Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1887)(3.09 g)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(3.21 g)から、標記化合物 4.35 g (76%)を薄黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.59(2H, s), 8.19(1H, d, J=1.9Hz), 8.04(1H, dd, J=8.6 and 2.0Hz), 7.33(1H, d, J=8.6Hz), 3.95(3H, s).
(3b)3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(3a)で得た4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-クロロ安息香酸 メチルエステル(349 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(458 mg)から、ビアリール体 468 mg(79%)を白色固体として得た。このビアリール体(468 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 385 mg (84%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=13.4(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.67(1H, s), 9.04(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=5.5Hz), 8.17-8.00(4H, m), 7.90(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.80(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.62-7.56(2H, m).
MS(ESI) m/z:581 (M + H)+
(3a) 4- (5-Bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-chlorobenzoic acid methyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1b), 3-chloro-4-hydroxy-benzoic acid methyl ester (J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1887) (3.09 g) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (3.21 g) gave 4.35 g (76%) of the title compound as a pale yellow solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.59 (2H, s), 8.19 (1H, d, J = 1.9Hz), 8.04 (1H, dd, J = 8.6 and 2.0Hz), 7.33 ( 1H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 3.95 (3H, s).
(3b) 3-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid Acid In the same manner as in Example (1c), 4- (5-bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-chlorobenzoic acid methyl ester (349 mg) obtained in Example (3a) and Example (1a) ) From the compound (458 mg) obtained in), a biaryl compound (468 mg, 79%) was obtained as a white solid. In the same manner as in Example (1d), 385 mg (84%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid from this biaryl compound (468 mg).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 13.4 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.67 (1H, s), 9.04 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 5.5Hz), 8.17-8.00 (4H, m), 7.90 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.80 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.62-7.56 (2H, m).
MS (ESI) m / z: 581 (M + H) <+> .
 (実施例4)
4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
Example 4
4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000007
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000007
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸 メチルエステル(Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511.)(311 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(462 mg)から、ビアリール体 385mg(68%)を白色固体として得た。このビアリール体(385 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 210 mg (56%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=13.0(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.67(1H, s), 9.03(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=5.5Hz), 8.17-8.13(1H, m), 8.05(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 8.06-8.03(1H, m), 7.90(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.80(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.60-7.57(1H, m), 7.38(2H, d, J=8.6Hz).
MS(ESI) m/z:547 (M + H)+
In the same manner as in Example (1c), 4- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid methyl ester (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511.) (311 mg) and Example (1a) From the compound (462 mg) obtained in 1 above, 385 mg (68%) of a biaryl compound was obtained as a white solid. In the same manner as in Example (1d), 210 mg (56%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid from this biaryl compound (385 mg).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 13.0 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.67 (1H, s), 9.03 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 5.5Hz), 8.17-8.13 (1H, m), 8.05 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 8.06-8.03 (1H, m), 7.90 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.80 ( 2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.60-7.57 (1H, m), 7.38 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz).
MS (ESI) m / z: 547 (M + H) <+> .
 (実施例5)
3-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
(Example 5)
3- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000008
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000008
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、3-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸 メチルエステル(Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511.)(148 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(220 mg)から、ビアリール体 222 mg(83%)を白色固体として得た。このビアリール体(222 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 99 mg (45%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=13.2(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 9.01(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=6.6Hz), 8.16-8.12(1H, m), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.89(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.89-7.85(1H, m), 7.79(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.75-7.73(1H, m), 7.62-7.51(3H, m).
MS(FAB) m/z:547 (M + H)+; m/z 585 (M+K)+
In the same manner as in Example (1c), methyl 3- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoate (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511.) (148 mg) and Example (1a) From the compound obtained in (220 mg), 222 mg (83%) of a biaryl compound was obtained as a white solid. From this biaryl compound (222 mg), 99 mg (45%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid in the same manner as in Example (1d).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 13.2 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 9.01 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 6.6Hz), 8.16-8.12 (1H, m), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.89-7.85 (1H, m), 7.79 ( 2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.75-7.73 (1H, m), 7.62-7.51 (3H, m).
MS (FAB) m / z: 547 (M + H) + ; m / z 585 (M + K) + .
 (実施例6)
3-フルオロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
(Example 6)
3-Fluoro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000009
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000009
(6a)4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-フルオロ安息香酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、3-フルオロ-4-ヒドロキシ-安息香酸 メチルエステル (J. Org. Chem. 1952, 17, 1425.)(984 mg)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(1.12 g)から、標記化合物 1.83 g (97%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=8.88(2H, s), 7.90(2H, dd, J=9.0 and 9.0Hz), 7.61(1H, dd, J=8.2 and 8.2Hz), 3.89(3H, s).
(6b)3-フルオロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(6a)で得た4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-フルオロ安息香酸 メチルエステル(230 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(323 mg)から、ビアリール体 321 mgを薄黄色固体として得た。このビアリール体(321 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 221 mg (56%)を薄ベージュ色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=13.3(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 9.03(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=3.1Hz), 8.16-8.12(1H, m), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.91-7.87(4H, m), 7.80(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.63-7.56(2H, m).
MS(FAB) m/z:565 (M + H)+; m/z 587 (M+K)+.
HRMS m/z calcd for C27H17F4N6O4565.1247, found 565.1250。
(6a) 4- (5-Bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-fluorobenzoic acid methyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1b), 3-fluoro-4-hydroxy-benzoic acid methyl ester (J. Org Chem. 1952, 17, 1425.) (984 mg) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (1.12 g) gave 1.83 g (97%) of the title compound as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 8.88 (2H, s), 7.90 (2H, dd, J = 9.0 and 9.0Hz), 7.61 (1H, dd, J = 8.2 and 8.2Hz) , 3.89 (3H, s).
(6b) 3-Fluoro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid Acid In the same manner as in Example (1c), 4- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-fluorobenzoic acid methyl ester (230 mg) obtained in Example (6a) and Example (1a) From the compound obtained in (323 mg), 321 mg of a biaryl compound was obtained as a pale yellow solid. In the same manner as in Example (1d), 221 mg (56%) of the title compound was obtained as a light beige solid from this biaryl compound (321 mg).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 13.3 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 9.03 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 3.1Hz), 8.16-8.12 (1H, m), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.91-7.87 (4H, m), 7.80 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.63- 7.56 (2H, m).
MS (FAB) m / z: 565 (M + H) + ; m / z 587 (M + K) + .
HRMS m / z calcd for C 27 H 17 F 4 N 6 O 4 565.1247, found 565.1250.
 (実施例7)
3-メチル-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
(Example 7)
3-Methyl-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000010
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000010
(7a)4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-メチル安息香酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、4-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル安息香酸 メチルエステル(Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 2005, 3, 2271.)(5.63 g)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(6.56 g)から、標記化合物 8.63 g (79%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=8.83(2H, s), 7.96(1H, s), 7.86(1H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.31(1H, d, J=8.6Hz), 3.86(3H, s), 2.16(3H, s).
(7b)3-メチル-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(7a)で得た4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-メチル安息香酸 メチルエステル(162 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(234 mg)から、ビアリール体 264 mg(91%)を無色アモルファスとして得た。このビアリール体(264 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 173 mg (67%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=12.9(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 9.00(2H, s), 8.63(1H, d, J=5.5Hz), 8.16-8.12(1H, m), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.95-7.85(2H, m), 7.89(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.78(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.59-7.56(1H, m), 7.29(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 2.18(3H, s)
MS(FAB) m/z:561 (M + H)+.
HRMS m/z calcd for C28H19F3N6O4561.1498, found 561.1499。
(7a) 4- (5-Bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-methylbenzoic acid methyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1b), 4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid methyl ester (Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 2005, 3, 2271.) (5.63 g) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (6.56 g) gave 8.63 g (79%) of the title compound as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 8.83 (2H, s), 7.96 (1H, s), 7.86 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.31 (1H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 3.86 (3H, s), 2.16 (3H, s).
(7b) 3-Methyl-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid Acid In the same manner as in Example (1c), 4- (5-bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-methylbenzoic acid methyl ester (162 mg) obtained in Example (7a) and Example (1a) ), 264 mg (91%) of a biaryl compound was obtained as a colorless amorphous form from the compound (234 mg) obtained in (1). From this biaryl compound (264 mg), 173 mg (67%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid in the same manner as in Example (1d).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 12.9 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 9.00 (2H, s), 8.63 (1H, d, J = 5.5Hz), 8.16-8.12 (1H, m), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.95-7.85 (2H, m), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.78 ( 2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.59-7.56 (1H, m), 7.29 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 2.18 (3H, s)
MS (FAB) m / z: 561 (M + H) + .
HRMS m / z calcd for C 28 H 19 F 3 N 6 O 4 561.1498, found 561.1499.
 (実施例8)
1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 [4-(2-フェノキシピリミジン-5-イル)フェニル]アミド
(Example 8)
1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [4- (2-phenoxypyrimidin-5-yl) phenyl] amide
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000011
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000011
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、5-ブロモ-2-フェノキシピリミジン(Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511)(127 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(231 mg)から、標記化合物 191 mg (75%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 8.98(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=4.0Hz), 8.14(1H, dd, J=7.8 and 7.8Hz), 8.04(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 7.89(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.78(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J=7.2 and 4.9Hz), 7.48(2H, dd, J=7.9 and 7.8Hz), 7.30(1H, d, J=7.5Hz), 7.26(2H, d, J=8.6Hz).
MS(FAB) m/z:503 (M + H)+; m/z:541 (M + K)+
In the same manner as in Example (1c), 5-bromo-2-phenoxypyrimidine (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511) (127 mg) and the compound (231 mg) obtained in Example (1a) were used. 191 mg (75%) of the title compound were obtained as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 8.98 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 4.0Hz), 8.14 (1H, dd, J = 7.8 and 7.8Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 7.8Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.78 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 7.2 and 4.9Hz), 7.48 (2H, dd, J = 7.9 and 7.8Hz), 7.30 (1H, d, J = 7.5Hz), 7.26 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz) .
MS (FAB) m / z: 503 (M + H) + ; m / z: 541 (M + K) + .
 (実施例9)
4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-トリフルオロメチル安息香酸
Example 9
4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000012
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000012
(9a)4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-トリフルオロメチル安息香酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、4-ヒドロキシ-3-トリフルオロメチル安息香酸 メチルエステル(Tetrahedron Letters  1991,  32,  7525.)(970 mg)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(853 mg)から、標記化合物 639 mg (38%)を薄黄色オイルとして得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.60(2H, s), 8.44(1H, s), 8.31(1H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.36(1H, d, J=8.3Hz), 3.97(3H, s).
(9b)4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-トリフルオロメチル安息香酸
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(9a)で得た4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-トリフルオロメチル安息香酸 メチルエステル(215 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(265 mg)から、ビアリール体 205 mg(56%)をオフホワイト色アモルファスとして得た。このビアリール体(205 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 144 mg (72%)を薄黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=13.5(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 9.05(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=4.0Hz), 8.33-8.23 (1H, m), 8.30(1H, s), 8.17-8.12(1H, m), 8.05(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.91(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.81(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.68(1H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.60-7.56(1H, m).
MS(FAB) m/z:615 (M + H)+
(9a) 4- (5-Bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid methyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1b), 4-hydroxy-3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid methyl ester ( Tetrahedron Letters 1991, 32, 7525.) (970 mg) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (853 mg) gave 639 mg (38%) of the title compound as a pale yellow oil.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.60 (2H, s), 8.44 (1H, s), 8.31 (1H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.36 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 3.97 (3H, s).
(9b) 4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-trifluoro Methylbenzoic acid Performed in the same manner as in Example (1c), with 4- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid methyl ester (215 mg) obtained in Example (9a) From the compound (265 mg) obtained in Example (1a), 205 mg (56%) of a biaryl compound was obtained as an off-white amorphous substance. In the same manner as in Example (1d), 144 mg (72%) of the title compound was obtained as a pale yellow solid from this biaryl compound (205 mg).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 13.5 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 9.05 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 4.0Hz), 8.33-8.23 (1H, m), 8.30 (1H, s), 8.17-8.12 (1H, m), 8.05 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.91 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.81 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.68 (1H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.60-7.56 (1H, m).
MS (FAB) m / z: 615 (M + H) <+> .
 (実施例10)
2-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸メチルエステル
(Example 10)
2- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid methyl ester
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000013
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000013
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、2-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸 メチルエステル(Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511)(260 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(383 mg)から、標記化合物 489 mg (定量的収量)を薄茶色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 8.95(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=3.9Hz), 8.17-8.12(1H, m), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.98(1H, dd, J=7.8 and 1.9Hz), 7.89(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.77(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.73(1H, dd, J=7.4 and 2.0Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J=7.8 and 4.3Hz), 7.45(1H, dd, J=8.2 and 7.0Hz), 7.46(1H, d, J=7.4Hz), 3.62(3H, s).
MS(FAB) m/z:561 (M + H)+; m/z:599 (M+K)+
In the same manner as in Example (1c), 2- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid methyl ester (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511) (260 mg) and Example (1a) From the obtained compound (383 mg), 489 mg (quantitative yield) of the title compound was obtained as a light brown solid.
1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 8.95 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 3.9Hz), 8.17 -8.12 (1H, m), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.98 (1H, dd, J = 7.8 and 1.9Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.77 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.73 (1H, dd, J = 7.4 and 2.0Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 7.8 and 4.3Hz), 7.45 (1H, dd, J = 8.2 and 7.0Hz), 7.46 (1H, d, J = 7.4Hz), 3.62 (3H, s).
MS (FAB) m / z: 561 (M + H) + ; m / z: 599 (M + K) + .
 (実施例11)
2-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
Example 11
2- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000014
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000014
 実施例10で得た2-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸メチルエステル(382 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 144 mg (39%)を薄灰色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=12.9(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 8.94(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=4.7Hz), 8.16-8.12(1H, m), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.97(1H, dd, J=7.8 and 1.9Hz), 7.88(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.76(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.70(1H, dd, J=8.6 and 7.0Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J=7.8 and 5.5Hz), 7.42(1H, dd, J=8.0 and 7.2Hz), 7.35(1H, d, J=9.0Hz).
MS(FAB) m/z:547 (M + H)+; m/z:585 (M+K)+
2- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid obtained in Example 10 In the same manner as in Example (1d), 144 mg (39%) of the title compound was obtained as a light gray solid from the methyl ester (382 mg).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 12.9 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 8.94 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 4.7Hz), 8.16-8.12 (1H, m), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.97 (1H, dd, J = 7.8 and 1.9Hz), 7.88 (2H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.76 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.70 (1H, dd, J = 8.6 and 7.0Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 7.8 and 5.5Hz), 7.42 (1H, dd, J = 8.0 and 7.2Hz), 7.35 (1H, d, J = 9.0Hz).
MS (FAB) m / z: 547 (M + H) + ; m / z: 585 (M + K) + .
 (実施例12)
1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 {4-[2-(4-ヒドロキシメチルフェノキシ)ピリミジン-5-イル]フェニル}アミド
(Example 12)
1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid {4- [2- (4-hydroxymethylphenoxy) pyrimidin-5-yl] phenyl} amide
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000015
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000015
(12a)[4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]メタノール 
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、4-ヒドロキシベンジルアルコール(1.25 g)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(1.95 g)から、標記化合物 665 mg (23%)を薄黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=8.80(2H, s), 7.38(2H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.17(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 5.21(1H, t, J=5.7Hz), 4.51(2H, d, J=5.8Hz).
(12b)1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 {4-[2-(4-ヒドロキシメチルフェノキシ)ピリミジン-5-イル]フェニル}アミド
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(12a)で得た[4-(5-ブロモピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]メタノール(141 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(227 mg)から、標記化合物 254 mg (96%)を白色固体として得た。
H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 8.97(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=6.6Hz), 8.14(1H, dd, J=8.8 and 6.8Hz), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.89(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.77(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J=7.4 and 4.7Hz), 7.40(2H, d, J=8.3Hz), 7.19(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 5.23(1H, t, J=5.6Hz), 4.53(2H, d, J=5.5Hz)
MS(FAB) m/z:533 (M + H)+; m/z:571 (M+K)+
(12a) [4- (5-Bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] methanol
In the same manner as in Example (1b), 665 mg (23%) of the title compound was obtained as a pale yellow solid from 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (1.25 g) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (1.95 g). .
1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 8.80 (2H, s), 7.38 (2H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.17 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 5.21 (1H , t, J = 5.7Hz), 4.51 (2H, d, J = 5.8Hz).
(12b) 1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid {4- [2- (4-hydroxymethylphenoxy) pyrimidin-5-yl] phenyl} amide Example ( In the same manner as in 1c), [4- (5-bromopyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] methanol (141 mg) obtained in Example (12a) and the compound (227 mg) obtained in Example (1a) This afforded 254 mg (96%) of the title compound as a white solid.
H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 8.97 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 6.6Hz), 8.14 ( 1H, dd, J = 8.8 and 6.8Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.77 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.58 ( 1H, dd, J = 7.4 and 4.7Hz), 7.40 (2H, d, J = 8.3Hz), 7.19 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 5.23 (1H, t, J = 5.6Hz), 4.53 ( (2H, d, J = 5.5Hz)
MS (FAB) m / z: 533 (M + H) + ; m / z: 571 (M + K) + .
 (実施例13)
1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 [4-(2-p-トリルオキシピリミジン-5-イル)フェニル]アミド
(Example 13)
1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [4- (2-p-tolyloxypyrimidin-5-yl) phenyl] amide
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000016
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000016
(13a)5-ブロモ-2-p-トリルオキシピリミジン 
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、p-クレゾール(1.1 mL)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(1.93 g)から、標記化合物 2.49 g (94%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.57(2H, s), 7.24(2H, d, J=7.8Hz), 7.07(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 2.38(3H, s).
(13b)1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 [4-(2-p-トリルオキシピリミジン-5-イル)フェニル]アミド
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(13a)で得た5-ブロモ-2-p-トリルオキシピリミジン(136 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(235 mg)から、標記化合物 170 mg (64%)をオフホワイト色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 8.97(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=4.7Hz), 8.14(1H, dd, J=9.4 and 7.8Hz), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.89(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.77(2H, d, J=8.7Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J=8.0 and 5.3Hz), 7.26(2H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.12(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 2.34(3H, s).
MS(FAB) m/z:517 (M + H)+
(13a) 5-Bromo-2-p-tolyloxypyrimidine
In the same manner as in Example (1b), 2.49 g (94%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid from p-cresol (1.1 mL) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (1.93 g).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.57 (2H, s), 7.24 (2H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.07 (2H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 2.38 (3H, s).
(13b) 1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [4- (2-p-tolyloxypyrimidin-5-yl) phenyl] amide Example (1c) and In the same manner, from the 5-bromo-2-p-tolyloxypyrimidine (136 mg) obtained in Example (13a) and the compound (235 mg) obtained in Example (1a), 170 mg (64 mg %) Was obtained as an off-white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 8.97 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 4.7 Hz), 8.14 (1H, dd, J = 9.4 and 7.8Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.77 (2H, d, J = 8.7Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 8.0 and 5.3Hz), 7.26 (2H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.12 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 2.34 (3H, s).
MS (FAB) m / z: 517 (M + H) <+> .
 (実施例14)
1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 [4-(2-m-トリルオキシピリミジン-5-イル)フェニル]アミド
(Example 14)
1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [4- (2-m-tolyloxypyrimidin-5-yl) phenyl] amide
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000017
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000017
(14a)5-ブロモ-2-m-トリルオキシピリミジン
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、m-クレゾール(1.1 mL)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(1.93 g)から、標記化合物 2.50 g (94%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz, CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.58(2H, s), 7.33(1H, t, J=7.6Hz), 7.10(1H, d, J=7.5Hz), 7.00(1H, s), 6.99(1H, d, J=8.6Hz), 2.39(3H, s).
(14b)1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 [4-(2-m-トリルオキシピリミジン-5-イル)フェニル]アミド
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(14a)で得た5-ブロモ-2-m-トリルオキシピリミジン(137 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(237 mg)から、標記化合物 195 mg (73%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.67(1H, s), 8.98(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=4.7Hz), 8.15(1H, dd, J=7.8 and 7.8Hz), 8.05(2H, d, J=7.8Hz), 7.90(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.78(1H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J=7.2 and 4.9Hz), 7.35(1H, dd, J=7.7 and 7.7Hz), 7.11-7.03(3H, m), 2.35(3H, s).
MS(FAB) m/z:517 (M + H)+
(14a) 5-Bromo-2-m-tolyloxypyrimidine In the same manner as in Example (1b), from m-cresol (1.1 mL) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (1.93 g), the title compound 2.50 g (94%) was obtained as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.58 (2H, s), 7.33 (1H, t, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.10 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.00 (1H, s), 6.99 (1H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 2.39 (3H, s).
(14b) 1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [4- (2-m-tolyloxypyrimidin-5-yl) phenyl] amide Example (1c) and In the same manner, from the 5-bromo-2-m-tolyloxypyrimidine (137 mg) obtained in Example (14a) and the compound (237 mg) obtained in Example (1a), 195 mg (73 %) Was obtained as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.67 (1H, s), 8.98 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 4.7 Hz), 8.15 (1H, dd, J = 7.8 and 7.8Hz), 8.05 (2H, d, J = 7.8Hz), 7.90 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.78 (1H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 7.2 and 4.9Hz), 7.35 (1H, dd, J = 7.7 and 7.7Hz), 7.11-7.03 (3H, m), 2.35 (3H, s).
MS (FAB) m / z: 517 (M + H) <+> .
 (実施例15)
1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 [4-(2-o-トリルオキシピリミジン-5-イル)フェニル]アミド
(Example 15)
1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [4- (2-o-tolyloxypyrimidin-5-yl) phenyl] amide
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000018
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000018
(15a)5-ブロモ-2-o-トリルオキシピリミジン
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、o-クレゾール(1.1 mL)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(1.93 g)から、標記化合物 2.56 g (97%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.56(2H, s), 7.31-7.19(3H, m), 7.10(1H, d, J=7.9Hz), 2.18(3H, s).
(15b)1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 [4-(2-o-トリルオキシピリミジン-5-イル)フェニル]アミド
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(15a)で得た5-ブロモ-2-o-トリルオキシピリミジン(134 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(232 mg)から、標記化合物 104 mg (40%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 8.97(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=5.8Hz), 8.15(1H, dd, J=8.2 and 7.4Hz), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.89(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.77(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J=7.6 and 5.3Hz), 7.35(1H, d, J=6.6Hz), 7.29(1H, dd, J=9.0 and 7.5Hz), 7.23-7.15(2H, m), 2.12(3H, s).
MS(FAB) m/z:517 (M + H)+
(15a) 5-Bromo-2-o-tolyloxypyrimidine In the same manner as in Example (1b), from o-cresol (1.1 mL) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (1.93 g), the title compound 2.56 g (97%) was obtained as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.56 (2H, s), 7.31-7.19 (3H, m), 7.10 (1H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 2.18 (3H, s).
(15b) 1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [4- (2-o-tolyloxypyrimidin-5-yl) phenyl] amide Example (1c) and In the same manner, from the 5-bromo-2-o-tolyloxypyrimidine (134 mg) obtained in Example (15a) and the compound (232 mg) obtained in Example (1a), the title compound 104 mg (40 mg %) Was obtained as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 8.97 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 5.8Hz), 8.15 (1H, dd, J = 8.2 and 7.4Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.77 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 7.6 and 5.3Hz), 7.35 (1H, d, J = 6.6Hz), 7.29 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 and 7.5Hz), 7.23-7.15 (2H, m), 2.12 ( 3H, s).
MS (FAB) m / z: 517 (M + H) <+> .
 (実施例16)
3,5-ジメチル-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
(Example 16)
3,5-dimethyl-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000019
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000019
(16a)4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3,5-ジメチル安息香酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、4-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジメチル安息香酸 メチルエステル(J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 183.)(1.81 g)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(1.92 g)から、標記化合物 3.11 g (93%)をオフホワイト色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.56(2H, s), 7.84(2H, s), 3.91(3H, s), 2.17(6H, s).
MS(FAB) m/z:337 (M + H)+; m/z:375 (M+K)+.
(16b) 3,5-ジメチル-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(16a)で得た4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3,5-ジメチル安息香酸 メチルエステル(167 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(229 mg)から、ビアリール体 256 mg(88%)を無色アモルファスとして得た。このビアリール体(256 mg)から実施例(1d)と同様の方法で、標記化合物 172 mg (69%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=12.9(1H, brs), 10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 8.98(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=3.9Hz), 8.14(1H, dd, J=8.8 and 6.8Hz), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.89(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.78(2H, d, J=7.1Hz), 7.77(2H, s), 7.58(1H, dd, J=7.4 and 4.7Hz), 2.13(6H, s).
MS(FAB) m/z:575 (M + H)+; m/z:613 (M+K)+
(16a) 4- (5-Bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid methyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1b), 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid methyl ester (J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 183.) (1.81 g) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (1.92 g) gave 3.11 g (93%) of the title compound as an off-white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.56 (2H, s), 7.84 (2H, s), 3.91 (3H, s), 2.17 (6H, s).
MS (FAB) m / z: 337 (M + H) + ; m / z: 375 (M + K) + .
(16b) 3,5-Dimethyl-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy ) Benzoic acid In the same manner as in Example (1c), 4- (5-bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid methyl ester (167 mg) obtained in Example (16a) and From the compound (229 mg) obtained in Example (1a), 256 mg (88%) of a biaryl compound was obtained as a colorless amorphous. In the same manner as in Example (1d), 172 mg (69%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid from this biaryl compound (256 mg).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 12.9 (1H, brs), 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 8.98 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 3.9Hz), 8.14 (1H, dd, J = 8.8 and 6.8Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.78 (2H, d, J = 7.1Hz), 7.77 (2H, s), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 7.4 and 4.7Hz), 2.13 (6H, s).
MS (FAB) m / z: 575 (M + H) + ; m / z: 613 (M + K) + .
 (実施例17)
1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボン酸 {4-[2-(4-シアノフェノキシ)-ピリミジン-5-イル]フェニル}アミド
(Example 17)
1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid {4- [2- (4-cyanophenoxy) -pyrimidin-5-yl] phenyl} amide
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000020
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000020
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)ベンゾニトリル(Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511)(139 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(229 mg)から、標記化合物 150 mg (57%)を薄茶色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.66(1H, s), 9.04(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=5.4Hz), 8.14(1H, dd, J=8.8 and 6.8Hz), 8.04(1H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.97(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.90(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.80(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J=8.2 and 4.7Hz), 7.51(2H, d, J=9.0Hz).
MS(FAB) m/z:528 (M + H)+; m/z:566 (M+K)+
In the same manner as in Example (1c), obtained in 4- (5-bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzonitrile (Org. Lett., 2009, 11, 2511) (139 mg) and Example (1a). The title compound (150 mg, 57%) was obtained as a light brown solid from the obtained compound (229 mg).
1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.66 (1H, s), 9.04 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 5.4Hz), 8.14 (1H, dd, J = 8.8 and 6.8Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 8.2Hz), 7.97 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.90 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.80 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 8.2 and 4.7Hz), 7.51 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz).
MS (FAB) m / z: 528 (M + H) + ; m / z: 566 (M + K) + .
 (実施例18)
2-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸 メチルエステル
(Example 18)
2-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid methyl ester
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000021
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000021
(18a) 4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-2-クロロ安息香酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、2-クロロ-4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸 メチルエステル(WO 2006004200)(4.29 g)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(4.46 g)から、標記化合物 7.94 g (定量的収量)を薄ベージュ色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.60(2H, s), 7.95(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.33(1H, d, J=2.0Hz), 7.16(1H, dd, J=8.6 and 2.4Hz), 3.94(3H, s).
(18b)2-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸 メチルエステル
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(18a)で得た化合物(172 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(229 mg)から、標記化合物 174 mg (58%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.67(1H, s), 9.05(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=4.7Hz), 8.15(1H, dd, J=8.6 and 7.0Hz), 8.05(1H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.96(1H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.91(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.81(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.64(1H, d, J=2.4Hz), 7.59(1H, dd, J=4.9 and 3.3Hz), 7.41(1H, dd, J=8.6 and 2.4Hz), 3.89(3H, s).
MS(FAB) m/z:595 (M + H)+; m/z:617 (M+Na)+; m/z:633 (M+K)+
(18a) 4- (5-Bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -2-chlorobenzoic acid methyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1b), 2-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (WO 2006004200) (4.29 g) and 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (4.46 g) afforded 7.94 g (quantitative yield) of the title compound as a light beige solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) = 8.60 (2H, s), 7.95 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.33 (1H, d, J = 2.0Hz), 7.16 (1H, dd, J = 8.6 and 2.4Hz), 3.94 (3H, s).
(18b) 2-chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid Acid methyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1c), from the compound (172 mg) obtained in Example (18a) and the compound (229 mg) obtained in Example (1a), 174 mg (58% ) Was obtained as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.67 (1H, s), 9.05 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 4.7 Hz), 8.15 (1H, dd, J = 8.6 and 7.0Hz), 8.05 (1H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.96 (1H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.91 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.81 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.64 (1H, d, J = 2.4Hz), 7.59 (1H, dd, J = 4.9 and 3.3Hz), 7.41 (1H, dd, J = 8.6 and 2.4Hz) , 3.89 (3H, s).
MS (FAB) m / z: 595 (M + H) + ; m / z: 617 (M + Na) + ; m / z: 633 (M + K) + .
 (実施例19)
4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸 2-ヒドロキシエチルエステル
(Example 19)
4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid 2-hydroxyethyl ester
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000022
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000022
(19a)4-(5-ブロモ-ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸 2-ヒドロキシエチルエステル
 実施例(1b)と同様の方法で、4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸 2-ヒドロキシエチルエステル(1.82 g)と5-ブロモ-2-クロロピリミジン(1.93 g)から、標記化合物 965 mg (29%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=8.86(2H, s), 8.08(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.40(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 4.94(1H, t, J=5.9Hz), 4.30(2H, t, J=4.9Hz), 3.71(2H, dt, J=5.2 and 5.1Hz).
(19b)4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸 2-ヒドロキシエチルエステル
 実施例(1c)と同様の方法で、実施例(19a)で得た化合物(169 mg)と実施例(1a)で得た化合物(228 mg)から、標記化合物 191 mg (65%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ(ppm)=10.5(1H, s), 9.67(1H, s), 9.04(2H, s), 8.64(1H, d, J=6.7Hz), 8.17-8.04(1H, m), 8.11(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.91(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 7.80(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.66-7.54(2H, m), 7.42(2H, d, J=9.0Hz), 4.96(1H, t, J=5.6Hz), 4.31(2H, t, J=4.9Hz), 3.73(2H, dt, J=5.2 and 5.0Hz).
MS(FAB) m/z:591 (M + H)+
(19a) 4- (5-Bromo-pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid 2-hydroxyethyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1b), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 2-hydroxyethyl ester (1.82 g) and 5 From bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (1.93 g), 965 mg (29%) of the title compound was obtained as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 8.86 (2H, s), 8.08 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.40 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 4.94 (1H , t, J = 5.9Hz), 4.30 (2H, t, J = 4.9Hz), 3.71 (2H, dt, J = 5.2 and 5.1Hz).
(19b) 4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid 2-hydroxy Ethyl ester In the same manner as in Example (1c), from the compound (169 mg) obtained in Example (19a) and the compound (228 mg) obtained in Example (1a), the title compound 191 mg (65%) Was obtained as a white solid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) = 10.5 (1H, s), 9.67 (1H, s), 9.04 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 6.7 Hz), 8.17 -8.04 (1H, m), 8.11 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.91 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 7.80 (2H, d, J = 8.6Hz), 7.66-7.54 (2H, m), 7.42 (2H, d, J = 9.0Hz), 4.96 (1H, t, J = 5.6Hz), 4.31 (2H, t, J = 4.9Hz), 3.73 (2H, dt, J = 5.2 and 5.0 Hz).
MS (FAB) m / z: 591 (M + H) <+> .
 (試験例1)
(1)DGAT1酵素の調製
 US2007/0249620号公報に記載されている方法に従って、DGAT1酵素を調整、保存した。
(2)DGAT1阻害活性試験
 以下の組成の反応液[175 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0)、8 mM MgCl2、1 mg/ml BSA、0.3 mM 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol(10倍濃度のEtOH溶液を10%添加)、10μM [14C]-oleoyl-CoA (約50 mCi/mmol)、0.5% triton X-100、試験例1(1)で得られるDGAT1酵素(10μg)、試験化合物またはビークル(DMSO/MeOH, 7:3溶液、5%添加)、総容量50μl]を室温(23℃)で30分間インキュベーションした。反応液にイソプロパノール/1-ヘプタン/水(80:20:2, v/v/v)からなる反応停止液(70μl)を加えて撹拌し、次いで、水(30μl)および1-ヘプタン(100μl)を加えて撹拌した。1-ヘプタン層(50μl)をTLCプレートにスポットして、1-ヘキサン/ジエチルエーテル/酢酸(85:15:1, v/v/v)からなる展開溶媒にて展開した。BAS2000バイオイメージアナライザ(富士フィルム)によりトリグリセライド画分の放射活性を定量して、コントロールと比較することにより試験化合物の阻害活性を以下の式により算出した。なお、未反応(0分間インキュベーション)の放射活性をバックグラウンドとした。
(Test Example 1)
(1) Preparation of DGAT1 enzyme According to the method described in US2007 / 0249620, DGAT1 enzyme was prepared and stored.
(2) DGAT1 inhibitory activity test Reaction solution [175 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 8 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mg / ml BSA, 0.3 mM 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol (10-fold concentration) 10% EtOH solution), 10 μM [ 14 C] -oleoyl-CoA (about 50 mCi / mmol), 0.5% triton X-100, DGAT1 enzyme (10 μg) obtained in Test Example 1 (1), test compound Or a vehicle (DMSO / MeOH, 7: 3 solution, 5% added), total volume 50 μl] was incubated at room temperature (23 ° C.) for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added a reaction stop solution (70 μl) consisting of isopropanol / 1-heptane / water (80: 20: 2, v / v / v) and stirred, then water (30 μl) and 1-heptane (100 μl) Was added and stirred. A 1-heptane layer (50 μl) was spotted on a TLC plate and developed with a developing solvent consisting of 1-hexane / diethyl ether / acetic acid (85: 15: 1, v / v / v). The radioactivity of the triglyceride fraction was quantified with a BAS2000 bioimage analyzer (Fuji Film), and the inhibitory activity of the test compound was calculated by the following formula by comparing with the control. The unreacted (0 minute incubation) radioactivity was used as the background.
 阻害率 = 100-[(試験化合物添加時の放射活性)-(バックグラウンド)]/[(コントロールの放射活性)-(バックグラウンド)]×100
 実施例1乃至10及び12乃至18の化合物は、試験化合物濃度1 μg/mlにおいて50%以上の阻害率を示した。
Inhibition rate = 100 − [(radioactivity at the time of addition of test compound) − (background)] / [(radioactivity of control) − (background)] × 100
The compounds of Examples 1 to 10 and 12 to 18 showed an inhibition rate of 50% or more at a test compound concentration of 1 μg / ml.
 なお、DGAT阻害活性試験は上記の方法に限定されず、例えば、ラット、マウス等の動物の小腸、脂肪組織または肝臓から調製したミクロソームをDGAT酵素として使用してもよい。また、培養細胞(3T3-L1脂肪細胞、初代培養脂肪細胞、Caco2細胞、HepG2細胞等)またはDGATを高発現させた培養細胞から調製したミクロソームをDGAT酵素として使用することもできる。さらに、多数の試験化合物を短時間で効率よく評価するためには、抽出操作を省略したフラッシュプレート(PerkinElmer)を使用することができる。 The DGAT inhibitory activity test is not limited to the above method. For example, microsomes prepared from the small intestine, adipose tissue, or liver of animals such as rats and mice may be used as the DGAT enzyme. Alternatively, microsomes prepared from cultured cells (3T3-L1 adipocytes, primary cultured adipocytes, Caco2 cells, HepG2 cells, etc.) or cultured cells highly expressing DGAT can also be used as the DGAT enzyme. Furthermore, in order to efficiently evaluate a large number of test compounds in a short time, a flash plate (PerkinElmer) in which the extraction operation is omitted can be used.
 上記の結果から、本発明の化合物は、優れたDGAT1阻害生物活性を有する。 From the above results, the compound of the present invention has excellent DGAT1 inhibitory biological activity.
 (試験例2)
 DGAT1酵素は中性脂肪の消化吸収に重要であり、小腸DGAT1が阻害されると中性脂肪の吸収が抑制される。中性脂肪負荷後の中性脂肪吸収抑制を指標として、DGAT1阻害作用の生物活性を評価した。1晩絶食させた雄性C57BL/6Nマウス(7-12週齡、体重17-25 g、日本チャールズリバー)をVehicle群1、Vehicle群2および各試験化合物群に割り付け、それぞれvehicle(0.5% Methylcellulose)またはvehicleに懸濁させた各試験化合物(1乃至10 mg/kg)を経口投与(5 mL/kg)した。一定時間後にリポプロテインリパーゼ阻害剤(Pluronic-F127:シグマアルドリッチ(株)、1 g/kg、重量比20%で生理食塩水に溶解)を腹腔内投与(5 mL/kg)し、直後に、Vehicle群1には蒸留水を、Vehicle群2および化合物群には20%中性脂肪含有エマルジョン (イントラリピッド20%:テルモ(株))を経口投与(0.2 mL/マウス)した。投与後1乃至4時間の一定時間後に、尾静脈または右心室より採血を行い、速やかに血漿を分離回収した後、血漿中の中性脂肪濃度を市販のキット (トリグリセライド E テスト ワコー:和光純薬工業(株))を用いて測定した。本法ではリポプロテインリパーゼ阻害剤の投与により血中に流入した中性脂肪の分解が抑制され、中性脂肪は血中に蓄積するが、その由来は消化管にて吸収された外因性のものと肝臓より放出された内因性のものに二分される。各試験化合物の中性脂肪吸収抑制活性は下記計算式に基づき、内因性中性脂肪の影響を除いて算出した。なお、各試験化合物が内因性中性脂肪濃度に影響しないことは別途確認されている。
(Test Example 2)
The DGAT1 enzyme is important for digestion and absorption of neutral fat, and when small intestine DGAT1 is inhibited, the absorption of neutral fat is suppressed. The biological activity of the DGAT1 inhibitory action was evaluated using as an index the suppression of neutral fat absorption after loading with neutral fat. Male C57BL / 6N mice (7-12 weeks old, body weight 17-25 g, Nippon Charles River) fasted overnight were assigned to Vehicle Group 1, Vehicle Group 2 and each test compound group, respectively vehicle (0.5% Methylcellulose) Alternatively, each test compound (1 to 10 mg / kg) suspended in the vehicle was orally administered (5 mL / kg). Lipoprotein lipase inhibitor (Pluronic-F127: Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd., 1 g / kg, dissolved in physiological saline at 20% by weight) was intraperitoneally administered (5 mL / kg) Distilled water was orally administered to Vehicle Group 1 and 20% neutral fat-containing emulsion (Intralipid 20%: Terumo Corporation) was orally administered (0.2 mL / mouse) to Vehicle Group 2 and Compound Group. After 1 to 4 hours after administration, blood is collected from the tail vein or right ventricle, and plasma is promptly separated and collected, and then the neutral fat concentration in the plasma is measured using a commercially available kit (Triglyceride E Test Wako: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (Industry Co., Ltd.). In this method, the administration of lipoprotein lipase inhibitor suppresses the degradation of neutral fat flowing into the blood, and neutral fat accumulates in the blood, but its origin is exogenous absorbed in the digestive tract And it is divided into endogenous ones released from the liver. The neutral fat absorption inhibitory activity of each test compound was calculated based on the following formula, excluding the influence of endogenous neutral fat. It has been separately confirmed that each test compound does not affect the endogenous triglyceride concentration.
 中性脂肪吸収抑制活性(%)=100-[(各試験化合物群の中性脂肪濃度)-(Vehicle群1の中性脂肪濃度)]/[(Vehile群2の中性脂肪濃度)-(Vehicle群1の中性脂肪濃度)]×100
 実施例1、3、4、6、7、9及び18の化合物は、3 mg/kg以下の用量で60%以上の中性脂肪吸収抑制活性を示した。
Neutral fat absorption inhibitory activity (%) = 100-[(Neutral fat concentration of each test compound group)-(Neutral fat concentration of Vehicle group 1)] / [(Neutral fat concentration of Vehicle group 2)-( Vehicle group 1 neutral fat concentration)] × 100
The compounds of Examples 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 18 exhibited a neutral fat absorption inhibitory activity of 60% or more at a dose of 3 mg / kg or less.
 (試験例3)
 雄性C57BL/6Nマウス (7-12週齢、体重17-25 g、日本チャールズリバー)を個体別に飼育し、高脂肪食(脂肪含有率 45 kcal%:リサーチダイエット社D12451)を1週間以上給餌して馴化させた。期間中の摂餌量に基づいて実験群に動物を均等に割り付け、一晩絶食させた後、vehicle (0.5% Methylcellulose)またはvehicleに懸濁させた試験化合物(10 mg/kg)を各群に経口投与(10 mL/kg)した。投与30分後に高脂肪食を給餌し、給餌開始後6時間での摂餌量を測定した。各試験化合物の摂食抑制活性は下記計算式に基づき算出した。
(Test Example 3)
Male C57BL / 6N mice (7-12 weeks old, body weight 17-25 g, Nippon Charles River) are reared individually and fed with a high fat diet (fat content 45 kcal%: Research Diet D12451) for over a week. I got used to it. Allocate animals evenly to the experimental groups based on the amount of food consumed during the period, fast overnight, and then add vehicle (0.5% Methylcellulose) or test compound suspended in vehicle (10 mg / kg) to each group. Oral administration (10 mL / kg) was performed. A high fat diet was fed 30 minutes after the administration, and the amount of food intake was measured 6 hours after the start of feeding. The feeding inhibitory activity of each test compound was calculated based on the following formula.
 摂食抑制活性(%)=[(Vehicle群の摂餌量)-(各試験化合物群の摂餌量)]/[(Vehicle群の摂餌量)]×100
 実施例1の化合物は、10 mg/kgの用量で25%以上の摂食抑制活性を示した。
Feeding inhibitory activity (%) = [(food consumption of vehicle group) − (food consumption of each test compound group)] / [(food consumption of vehicle group)] × 100
The compound of Example 1 showed an antifeedant activity of 25% or more at a dose of 10 mg / kg.
 上記の結果から、本発明の化合物は、優れた摂食抑制作用を有する。 From the above results, the compound of the present invention has an excellent antifeedant action.
 なお、餌に使用する高脂肪食は上記の高脂肪食に限定されず、例えば、カロリーとして45乃至60%の中性脂肪を含有するげっ歯類用飼料を使用することができる。 Note that the high-fat diet used for the feed is not limited to the above-mentioned high-fat diet, and for example, a rodent feed containing 45 to 60% neutral fat as calories can be used.
 製剤例1:カプセル剤
実施例1又は2の化合物  50mg
乳糖          128mg
トウモロコシデンプン   70mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム  2mg
ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー
            250mg
上記処方の粉末を混合し、60メッシュのふるいを通した後、この粉末を250mgのゼラチンカプセルに入れ、カプセル剤とする。
Formulation Example 1: Capsule 50 mg of the compound of Example 1 or 2
Lactose 128mg
Corn starch 70mg
Magnesium stearate 2mg
------- 250mg
After mixing the powder of the above formulation and passing through a 60 mesh sieve, this powder is put into a 250 mg gelatin capsule to form a capsule.
 製剤例2:錠剤
実施例1又は2の化合物  50mg
乳糖          126mg
トウモロコシデンプン   23mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム  1mg
ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー
            200mg
上記処方の粉末を混合し、トウモロコシデンプン糊を用いて造粒、乾燥した後、打錠機により打錠して、1錠200mgの錠剤とする。この錠剤は必要に応じて糖衣を施すことができる。
Formulation Example 2: Tablet Example 1 or 2 compound 50 mg
Lactose 126mg
Corn starch 23mg
Magnesium stearate 1mg
ー ー ー ー ー ー ー ー ー ー ー ー ー ー 200mg
The powder of the above formulation is mixed, granulated and dried using corn starch paste, and then tableted by a tableting machine to make one tablet of 200 mg. This tablet can be sugar-coated if necessary.
 本発明の一般式(I)を有する化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩は、優れたDGAT阻害作用及び摂食抑制作用を有し、医薬として有用である。 The compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has excellent DGAT inhibitory action and antifeeding action, and is useful as a medicine.

Claims (19)

  1.  一般式(I)
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001

    [式中、
     Rは、ハロゲン原子、C-Cアルキル基、C-Cハロゲン化アルキル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、シアノ基、カルボキシル基、カルボキシメチル基、C-Cアルコキシカルボニル基及びC-Cヒドロキシアルコキシカルボニル基から選択される基で独立に1乃至3個置換されていてもよいフェニル基を示す。]を有する化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩。
    Formula (I)
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001

    [Where:
    R is a halogen atom, C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, C 1 -C 6 halogenated alkyl group, hydroxymethyl group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carboxymethyl group, C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl group and C 2-. A phenyl group which may be independently substituted with 1 to 3 groups independently selected from a C 7 hydroxyalkoxycarbonyl group; Or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  2.  請求項1において、Rが、フッ素原子、塩素原子、メチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、カルボキシル基及びカルボキシメチル基から選択される基で独立に1又は2個置換されているフェニル基である化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩。 The compound according to claim 1, wherein R is a phenyl group independently substituted with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a carboxyl group, and a carboxymethyl group, or Its pharmacologically acceptable salt.
  3.  請求項1において、Rが、4-カルボキシルフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-フルオロフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-クロロフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-メチルフェニル基、4-カルボキシル-2-トリフルオロメチルフェニル基又は4-カルボキシメチル-2-クロロフェニル基である化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩。 In Claim 1, R is 4-carboxylphenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-fluorophenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-chlorophenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-methylphenyl group, 4-carboxyl-2-triphenyl A compound which is a fluoromethylphenyl group or a 4-carboxymethyl-2-chlorophenyl group or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  4.  一般式(I)を有する化合物が、
    [3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル]酢酸、
    3-クロロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
    4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
    3-フルオロ-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、
    3-メチル-4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)安息香酸、又は、
    4-(5-{4-[(1-ピリジン-2-イル-3-トリフルオロメチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボニル)アミノ]フェニル}ピリミジン-2-イルオキシ)-3-トリフルオロメチル安息香酸
    である化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩。
    A compound having the general formula (I)
    [3-Chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) phenyl] acetic acid ,
    3-chloro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
    4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
    3-fluoro-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid,
    3-methyl-4- (5- {4-[(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoic acid, or ,
    4- (5- {4-[(1-Pyridin-2-yl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl) amino] phenyl} pyrimidin-2-yloxy) -3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid Or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  5.  請求項1乃至4から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩を有効成分として含有するアシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害剤。 An acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitor containing the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
  6.  請求項1乃至4から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩を有効成分として含有する摂食抑制剤及び/又は食欲抑制剤。 An antifeedant and / or an appetite suppressant containing the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
  7.  請求項1乃至4から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩を有効成分として含有する医薬組成物。 A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
  8.  医薬組成物が、アシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ阻害作用を有する請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。 The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 7, which has an acylcoenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitory action.
  9.  医薬組成物が、摂食抑制作用及び/又は食欲抑制作用を有する請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。 The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 7, wherein the pharmaceutical composition has an anti-feeding action and / or an appetite-suppressing action.
  10.  医薬組成物が、アシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼを阻害させ、トリグリセライドの合成を阻害し、トリグリセライドの吸収が抑制されることにより、症状の治療、改善、軽減及び/又は予防がなされる疾病の治療及び/又は予防のための請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。 The pharmaceutical composition inhibits acylcoenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase, inhibits the synthesis of triglyceride, and suppresses the absorption of triglyceride, thereby preventing the treatment, amelioration, reduction and / or prevention of symptoms. 8. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 7 for treatment and / or prevention.
  11.  医薬組成物が、アシルコエンザイムA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼを阻害させ、トリグリセライドの合成が阻害されることにより、症状の治療、改善、軽減及び/又は予防がなされる疾病の治療及び/又は予防のための請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。 For the treatment and / or prevention of a disease in which the pharmaceutical composition inhibits acylcoenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase and the synthesis of triglyceride is inhibited, thereby treating, ameliorating, reducing and / or preventing symptoms. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 7.
  12.  医薬組成物が、肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、虚血性心疾患又は過食症の治療及び/又は予防のための請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。 The pharmaceutical composition is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceride disease, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, Diabetic retinopathy, including diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart disease Or the pharmaceutical composition of Claim 7 for the treatment and / or prevention of bulimia.
  13.  医薬組成物が、肥満又は肥満症の治療及び/又は予防のための請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。 The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 7, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is for the treatment and / or prevention of obesity or obesity.
  14.  医薬組成物が、糖尿病の治療及び/又は予防のための請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。 The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 7, which is used for the treatment and / or prevention of diabetes.
  15.  医薬組成物を製造するための、請求項1乃至4から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩の使用。 Use of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof for producing a pharmaceutical composition.
  16.  医薬組成物が肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、虚血性心疾患又は過食症の治療及び/又は予防のための組成物である請求項15に記載の使用。 If the pharmaceutical composition is obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, lipid metabolism disorder, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, Diabetic retinopathy, including diabetic macroangiopathy), cataract, gestational diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart disease Or use of Claim 15 which is a composition for the treatment and / or prevention of bulimia.
  17.  請求項1乃至4から選択されるいずれか一項に記載された化合物又はその薬理上許容される塩の薬理的な有効量を温血動物に投与する疾病の治療及び/又は予防方法。 A method for treating and / or preventing a disease, comprising administering to a warm-blooded animal a pharmacologically effective amount of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  18.  疾病が肥満、肥満症、高脂血症、高トリグリセライド血症、脂質代謝異常疾患、インスリン抵抗性症候群、耐糖能異常、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症(糖尿病性末梢神経障害、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性大血管症を含む)、白内障、妊娠糖尿病、非アルコール性脂肪肝炎、多嚢胞卵巣症候群、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、糖尿病性動脈硬化症、虚血性心疾患又は過食症である請求項17に記載の方法。 Diseases are obesity, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic Retinopathy, including diabetic macrovascular disease), cataract, gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetic arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart disease or binge eating The method of claim 17, wherein the disease is
  19.  温血動物がヒトである請求項17又は18に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the warm-blooded animal is a human.
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