WO2011077109A1 - Système de stockage d'énergie électrique - Google Patents

Système de stockage d'énergie électrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011077109A1
WO2011077109A1 PCT/GB2010/052047 GB2010052047W WO2011077109A1 WO 2011077109 A1 WO2011077109 A1 WO 2011077109A1 GB 2010052047 W GB2010052047 W GB 2010052047W WO 2011077109 A1 WO2011077109 A1 WO 2011077109A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy storage
electrical energy
storage system
enclosure
fluid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2010/052047
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Holden
Original Assignee
Hiltech Developments Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hiltech Developments Limited filed Critical Hiltech Developments Limited
Publication of WO2011077109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011077109A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/10—Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H01G11/18—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors against thermal overloads, e.g. heating, cooling or ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/08—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Ventilating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/14—Protection against electric or thermal overload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/667—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an electronic component, e.g. a CPU, an inverter or a capacitor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/121—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical energy storage system especially for high energy storage applications in a movable or portable situation.
  • the invention relates to an electrical energy storage system for use with electrically powered or hybrid vehicles, uninterrupted power supplies, distributed power applications, renewable energy capture situations such as wind turbines, solar and marine, military, especially offshore.
  • the invention is particularly related to electrical energy storage applications in which the storage system is subject to a mechanically rough regime, including vibration and mechanical shock such as might be encountered by a storage system on a vehicle.
  • the invention further relates to a system comprising a compact DC/DC converter and an energy store suitable for high power applications in a movable or portable situation.
  • the invention relates to a DC/DC converter and an energy store for use with electrically powered or hybrid vehicles.
  • a primary power source such as a primary fuel cell or a generator and in such applications it is frequently desirable to provide a secondary electrical storage system to reversibly store electrical power generated by the primary fuel cell or generator.
  • it is often desirable to recover energy and power from other parts of the vehicle such as the braking system for storage in the electrical storage system.
  • This hard cell can constitute a large part of the weight and dimensional envelop of the battery cell, and furthermore, contribute a large element to the manufacturing cost. It is often a reason for poor recycled recovery rates in relation to known battery technologies.
  • a hard casing for individual cells has traditionally been seen as desirable to protect the electrochemicaNy active components within, which can often be relatively lacking in robustness, are toxic and inflammable, or otherwise require mechanical isolation or protection.
  • Pouch cells are known and may reduce some of these disadvantages. Pouch cells are particularly used in some lithium ion battery systems.
  • a pouch cell uses a foil pouch, for example being of aluminium, to contain electrodes and electrolyte, instead of expensive and bulky metallic casings and the like.
  • the pouch is typically heat sealed.
  • the electrical contacts consist of conductive foil tabs that are welded to the electrodes and sealed to the pouch material.
  • a critical issue with pouch cells is their vulnerability and stability in use. This is particularly a problem for potential physical abuse both as cells and when stacked in large array high voltage energy storage systems.
  • the pouch is more prone to damage than a hard case in a number of ways. It offers less rigidity and protection in a rough use environment such as that encountered on a moving vehicle.
  • the pouch cell is also highly sensitive to torsional movement and sharp mechanical impact damage. Swelling within the cell may also occur when gas is generated during charging or discharging. Heat is generated. This can be particularly disastrous for some lithium based electrochemistries that are prone to thermal runaway. For these reasons pouch cells need to be
  • Pouch cells may be prone to oxygen or water ingress. This can reduce cell life.
  • a DC/DC converter would be designed with fins or some other heat transfer device to allow the converter to operate at an acceptable temperature.
  • the rate of heat transfer that is achievable by this route is however limited so putting a limit on the degree of miniaturisation that can be achieved.
  • higher rates of heat transfer can be achieved with a liquid cooling system but in general these lead to higher complexity.
  • an electrical energy storage system comprising :- an enclosure ;
  • each device comprising electrochemically active components contained within an electrochemically inert pouch;
  • the electrical energy storage system comprises a contained plural array of individual pouched electrical energy storage devices for the reversible storage of electrical energy. These may have a typical familiar electrochemistry. However, two specifically distinct features are proposed by which this arrangement is made stable and practical, particularly for operation in the difficult mechanically rough use environments, and with the large arrays necessary for high voltages, associated with portable or mobile storage systems such as might be required on an electrical vehicle.
  • the enclosure includes spacer formations whereby individual electrical storage devices making up the array are spaced apart.
  • the spacer formations maintain a separation between individual electrical storage devices and allow for expansion and contraction.
  • the enclosure is filled with a fluid, at least to the extent necessary to entirely cover the storage devices. This arrangement creates a number of advantageous features, particularly with the preferred applications in mind.
  • individual pouched devices are not merely cushioned mechanically, but are in part cushioned by the fluid which surrounds them. This simplifies the mechanical structure required for the spacer formation. At its simplest, any form of spacer which separates the devices so that the fluid can surround them and give a degree of mechanical cushioning is sufficient to achieve this beneficial effect.
  • the fluid may be selected to be relatively chemically inert, so as not to tend to penetrate the pouches or react chemically with the contents in a manner which tends to degrade them. In doing so, it also keeps out water and air which might otherwise penetrate over time through the pouches and cause such degradation. By keeping the devices entirely isolated from oxygen in the air, the fluid can significantly mitigate, and if appropriately selected essentially eliminate, the fire risk associated with devices that are prone to thermal runaway.
  • each pouched device making up the array is specifically spaced from its neighbours and second in that the fluid enabled thereby to circulate around the pouches can act to produce an additional cooling effect.
  • the electrical energy storage system further comprises a DC/DC converter in a contained volume in fluid communication with the fluid filling the enclosure containing the electrical energy storage devices so that the fluid therein additionally serves as a coolant fluid for the DC/DC converter.
  • the DC/DC converter is cooled by the same fluid as that which mechanically protects and in the preferred case also cools the electrical energy storage devices.
  • This fluid may be selected to be relatively chemically inert so as not to react chemically with the components within the converter.
  • the fluid surrounds components within the converter. In doing so it also keeps out water and air which might otherwise penetrate over time and cause degradation.
  • the DC/DC converter may be located in a contained volume separate from but fluidly communicating with the enclosure in which the electrical energy storage devices are contained.
  • An individual electrical energy storage device e.g. battery cell making up a system in accordance with the invention comprises a means to effect electrochemical storage of electrical energy in reversible manner over a large plurality of cycles, with suitable electrochemical component materials and at least a pair of electrodes contained within an electrochemically inert pouch, and external electrode contacts being provided in association with each pouch to provide for the reversible delivery of electrical energy into and out of the pouch in familiar manner.
  • suitable electrochemical component materials and at least a pair of electrodes contained within an electrochemically inert pouch, and external electrode contacts being provided in association with each pouch to provide for the reversible delivery of electrical energy into and out of the pouch in familiar manner.
  • the pouched active components of such a device will typically comprise at least one pair of electrodes with an electrochemical layer such as an electrolyte disposed between them.
  • Suitable examples of such electrical energy storage devices include secondary electrochemical cells, electric double layer capacitors
  • Storage devices for example comprising battery cells and / or super- capacitor cells for use in the invention can be of any specific power or specific energy and power density or energy density to meet the need of the specific application to provide energy storage.
  • Devices are selected to deliver the power and energy densities to meet the specific application and the invention is not limited to specific power and energy densities or to any electrochemistry size or weight, albeit in practice relatively high energy densities in conjunction with relatively high power densities would be the norm.
  • target power and energy densities for electrochemical cells for optimized high energy application in a storage device of the invention might be in excess of 600 Wh/kg, 100 Wh/I and 200 W/kg.
  • Target power and energy densities for supercapacitors for optimized high energy application in a storage device of the invention might be in excess of 5 Wh/kg, and 2 kW/kg. However each of these values depends on the way in which the storage device of the invention is used, eg At high powers the energy will fall. Preferred ranges will at least be in excess of ten percent of these numbers.
  • DC/DC converters for use in the invention can be of any specific power handling capability to meet the need of the specific application to provide energy recovery and delivery. Devices are selected to deliver the power to meet the specific application and the invention is not limited to converters of a specific design. Converters can also be of a design in which fixed input and output voltages are specified or in which both input and output voltages can be continually varied.
  • Some suitable secondary electrochemical battery cell active chemistries include but are not limited to: Nickel Cadmium (NiCd), Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH, Li-ion, Li-ion- polymer, Lithium Cobalt Oxide (L1C0O2), Lithium Cobalt dioxide (L1C0O2), LiMnOxide, Lithium Manganese Dioxide (LiMn 2 O 4 or LiMn 2 O2).
  • the electrical energy storage devices making up the array comprise supercapacitors
  • Some suitable secondary electrochemical super-capacitor cell active chemistries include but are not limited to C-C double layer supercapacitors, Li-C hybrid supercapacitors. Again, so long as the active components can be fitted into a soft cell/pouch of reasonable dimensions, the invention is not limited to specific electrochemistry.
  • Supercapacitors are especially preferred as the storage devices making up the array. Typical supercapacitors confer advantages including some or all of the following. They generally offer relatively very high rates of charge and discharge. They generally have low internal resistance, producing low heating even when closely packed in large arrays. They exhibit little degradation over multiple charge cycles, even over millions of cycles, compared with the hundreds or thousands of cycles for
  • rechargeable batteries exhibit high cycle efficiency and good reversibility.
  • the chemistry typically exhibits low toxicity, which combined with the multiple cycle and hence life time factors which tend to increase recycling possibilities.
  • Supercapacitor chemistries are typically not prone to thermal runaway.
  • the pouch contains the electrochemically active components. Positive and negative electrodes extend outwardly from the pouch for the input and output of electrical power so that the pouch can serve as a reversible electrical energy storage device.
  • the pouch provides a sealed containment for the electrochemically active components, and may for example be an envelope comprising paired opposing sheets of metal foil, polymeric material, or metallized polymeric material but is not limited to the foregoing mentioned materials. Sheets may typically be glued or heat sealed at the edges to complete an enclosure. A typical pouch may be square or rectangular.
  • Contact structures making electrical contact with the electrodes in the pouch extend outwardly of the pouch, for example on the same or alternatively opposing extremes thereof, and for example on the same or alternatively opposite sides of a square or rectangular pouch, in familiar manner.
  • the side where connection is made is not specifically material to the invention.
  • Suitable contact structures include projecting conductor formations such as metallic formations, for example comprising conductive metal foil.
  • Plural pouches may be arranged electrically in parallel or serially by provision of a common contact formation between them and/ or by connecting their respective contact structures in suitable parallel and / or serial manner.
  • the invention is not specifically limited to a particular electrical connection architecture.
  • the pouches making up an array in a system in accordance with the invention may be the same as each other, or may differ from each other, for example being different sizes and/or exploiting different chemistries.
  • a system might even for example mix electrochemical cells and
  • each sub-enclosure might contain a separate array of electrical storage devices arranged in one or more rows, and for example arranged in electrical parallel and / or series.
  • the enclosure may then define subdividing walls defining each sub-enclosure.
  • a series of pouches is inserted in a row or rows in an enclosure or sub-enclosure, each pouch being spaced from its immediate neighbour(s) by insertion of one or more spacer formations between it and its neighbours.
  • a pouch at the end of a row may similarly be spaced from an adjacent enclosure side wall.
  • a further spacer formation or other locating structure may additionally locate a pouch above an enclosure bottom and / or a top closure if present.
  • a spacer formation defines a spacing distance between a pouch and its neighbours or a surface of a container defining an enclosure or internal enclosure wall in such manner as to maintain a desired separation in such a way as to allow fluid to circulate between the pouch and its neighbours or the surface as the case may be and in the case of the preferred embodiment where a DC/DC converter is provided contained in such manner as to be in fluid communication with the enclosure in such a way as to allow fluid to circulate from there into and out of the containment volume in which the DC/DC converter is contained.
  • a pouch is spaced to be entirely out of contact with its neighbours so as to allow completely free fluid circulation therebetween.
  • a suitable spacing distance as measured at closest approach between neighbouring pouches, might be of the order of 1 mm, and for example could be in excess of 3 mm to ensure effective fluid circulation. For close and efficient packing, it is unlikely in most cases to exceed 5 mm.
  • a spacing distance between a pouch and its neighbours, as measured at closest approach between neighbouring pouches, might be in the range 1 to 2 mm but this is an example only for a typical application, and the invention is not limited to particular spacings.
  • spacer formations maintaining a spacing distance between plural neighbouring pouches may comprise plural separate components, for example each separate component separating a single adjacent pair of pouches within the enclosure, or may comprise one or more space frame structures each defining plural spacer formations and thereby separating a larger plurality of pouches to an appropriate spacing distance or may comprise a combination of these.
  • the invention is rather distinctly characterised by the fact that the spacers are such as to define and maintain a spacing distance between each pouch and its neighbour in a relatively open manner such as to allow fluid to circulate between pouches, providing both a cooling and a mechanical supporting effect.
  • the spacer structure itself is not the sole mechanical supporting structure, and does not have mechanical support as its principal function. It co-operates with the fluid to achieve the desired effects.
  • a spacer formation may be specifically configured to facilitate flow of the fluid and/ or to have additional functionality.
  • a spacer formation may be adapted to allow for expansion and contraction of the electrical storage devices.
  • a spacer formation may be configured so as to minimise channelling.
  • a spacer formation may be configured so as direct the flow of circulating fluid onto the surface of the pouches.
  • the fluid which surrounds and covers the individual pouched electrical storage devices and which in the preferred embodiment additionally provides a cooling fluid for the DC/DC converter is preferably a liquid, and in particular a liquid having a relatively high viscosity.
  • the choice of a particular fluid is dependent upon the functionality of cooling required in the specific application and also upon the level of mechanical integrity in relation to vibration, mechanical shock and torsional moment to be endured by the energy storage system in the specific application.
  • the high viscosity enhances the mechanical damping effect as it circulates around the individual pouched devices, compensating for the rough environment which might be experienced for example in application on a moving electrical vehicle.
  • the liquid is chemically essentially inert, and is for example non-polar.
  • the liquid preferably has antioxidative properties.
  • Liquids comprising oils based on relatively long chain hydrocarbons are preferred, including mineral oils and comparable synthetic oils. Suitable examples include motor oils, and in particular oils developed for automotive transmission applications or electrical applications such as in transformers or capacitors or similar applications. Such oils have admirable properties in relation to viscosity and thermal transmission, and have the virtue of being established technology which is readily available in the automotive industry, and which is therefore particularly susceptible of being introduced into automotive applications of storage system of the present invention. However, the invention encompasses any suitable fluid.
  • the enclosure is preferably constructed in such manner as to facilitate fluid circulation.
  • a means to circulate fluid within the enclosure for example a pump, may be provided.
  • An enclosure could comprise a container that is a structural or non-structural element in the vehicle design.
  • bespoke shapes of container could be envisaged to fit particular locations on a vehicle to make efficient use of space.
  • An enclosure may be built into or constitute a structural element, for example comprising part of the chassis.
  • enclosures may be designed to fit into a particular space within a vehicle, for example door spaces, roof elements, seating arrangements.
  • An enclosure may be defined by a suitable container structure, for example having a base, side walls, and an optional top closure.
  • a container may have a flat base and vertical side walls and may for example be a rectangular box, or alternatively may be of bespoke shape to accommodate a structural or non-structural element in the vehicle design as above described. It is not intended by the above description to indicate that only one enclosure should be used. It may be preferable to locate electrical storage devices in different sites and it may be preferable to either house a DC/DC converter in the same enclosure as some or all of the electrical storage devices or in a different enclosure.
  • a high energy storage system may comprise plural enclosures suitably electrically connected, each of which comprises plural pouched storage devices in the manner above described optionally provided in conjunction with and suitably electrically connected with one or more DC/DC
  • the volume within the enclosure which contains the fluid may be provided with one or more thermal transfer means to add and/or remove thermal energy from the fluid.
  • a thermal transfer means may comprise heating means to input thermal energy to the fluid.
  • the thermal transfer means is preferably thermally connected to an external heat source.
  • a thermal transfer means may comprise cooling means to remove thermal energy from the fluid.
  • the thermal transfer means is preferably thermally connected to an external radiator to dissipate such heat.
  • a thermal transfer means may have both functionalities.
  • one or more elongate thermal transfer means may be provided extending along the length of an enclosure.
  • the enclosure defines one or more rows of pouched energy storage devices, and at least one elongate thermal transfer means is provided extending along the length of the enclosure parallel to each such row, for example towards the bottom of the enclosure below the pouched structures.
  • a particularly convenient form of thermal transfer means comprises a heat tube passing through the enclosure.
  • a heat tube comprises a metallic tube of a metal with good thermal conductivity, such as copper or aluminium, which is substantially evacuated inside. Application of a thermal gradient to such a tube can produce very rapid heat transfer along the thermal gradient.
  • Such a heat tube can offer two potential functionalities. First, where there is otherwise a danger of elevated temperature either as a result of conformance of the system or operating conditions, and for example in hot ambient temperatures, the thermal transfer means can remove heat from the system. Second, in cold conditions, and for example in cold ambient temperatures, the thermal transfer means may be used to deliver heat to the system.
  • a thermal transfer means in particular in the form of heat tube, is provided with both heating and cooling capabilities, and control means are additionally provided to maintain electronic closed loop control of the temperature of the system. In this manner, the temperature of the system can be maintained within a desired operating range, and the electrical storage devices making up the system can always operate under the generally same conditions, suitably optimised for optimised performance, whether the external environment is hot or cold, and whatever the system load.
  • a high energy storage system in accordance with the principles of the invention may require tens or hundreds of individual pouched storage devices to achieve a desired working voltage.
  • a desired working voltage can be up to 1 ,500 V.
  • each individual storage device operates at 3.7 volts. Therefore, a potentially very large number of devices is needed.
  • each pouched storage device is provided with a conducting tag such as to enable external monitoring of its performance, and in particular at least its operating voltage.
  • the devices are conveniently arrayed within the enclosure such that each such tag extends up beyond the level of the fluid within the enclosure.
  • the tags provide a specific in- use monitoring system for the performance of individual pouched devices, and can give early warning of failure of such devices, allowing for repair of the system as appropriate.
  • the tags are monitored together in a single electrical monitoring circuit.
  • a closure for the enclosure may comprise a printed circuit board, and each individual tag may be soldered to the printed circuit board after the enclosure has been filled.
  • the printed circuit board then has a connection to every pouched storage device which can be used to monitor the voltage at each device.
  • the printed circuit board may itself include a monitoring circuit, or may connect to one elsewhere. This allows predictive diagnostics to be used to monitor cells actively during use and to predict potential failure. These diagnostics can be used when the whole system is subject to periodic service to replace and recondition.
  • the monitoring tag may be attached to the pouch at the same time as the electrodes contact structures conveniently making use of the same technology.
  • the electrode contact structures and monitoring tag if present may for example be ultrasonically welded.
  • Figure 1 is a view of a single electrical energy storage pouch for use in an apparatus in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a view of an embodiment of a high energy storage system illustrating the principles of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a single pouched electrical energy storage device, a large plurality of which make up the high energy storage system at Figure 2.
  • the pouched device 1 comprises a pouch volume 5 which contains the electrochemically active components of the device.
  • the device is a typical electrochemical cell.
  • the invention is not limited in any way to any particular pouched electrochemical device, but is applicable to a range of generally available electrochemical cell and supercapacitor technologies, with supercapacitors being particularly attractive in the envisaged preferred application in electric and hybrid vehicles.
  • the pouch in the embodiment comprises metallized polymer sheet material which is heat sealed at the edges 3 to define the pouched enclosure 5 containing the electrodes and other electrochemically active elements such as electrolyte and any structural components.
  • the sheet material environmentally isolates the active components within the pouch 5 from the external environment, and in use the active components of the device 1 from the fluid in the filled enclosure making up the device of the invention.
  • the sheet material thus needs to be substantially inert relative to both the internal contents of the pouch 5 and to the fluid. Any suitable sheet material to achieve this could be envisaged, for example including multiple layers for different properties.
  • Polymeric and metal foil sheets are particularly preferred, and maybe heat sealed, welded, glued, bonded or otherwise connected together to complete the pouch.
  • each electrode within the pouched area 5 is in electrical connection with an external electrode contact formation 7.
  • each external electrode contact formation comprises a thin plate aluminium sheet.
  • Other configurations of external electrode in particular generally comprising projecting conductor structures extending out from the pouch in generally similar manner, could be envisaged, for example in the form of other metal sheet, foil, perforated foil grid, expanded metal grid etc.
  • the notional voltage of a device as illustrated in Figure 1 is 3.7 V.
  • a typical high energy storage system for a vehicle requires several hundred volts, and perhaps up to 1500 volts. Accordingly, a large plurality of such devices will be arrayed together in a high energy storage system in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 A suitable embodiment is illustrated schematically in Figure 2.
  • a large plurality of devices 1 are arrayed in a container 1 1 which defines an enclosure for the devices, in the embodiment in two parallel rows.
  • the container comprises a simple rectangular box.
  • a container may be of bespoke shape to comprise a structural or non-structural element in the vehicle design.
  • the devices 1 in the enclosures defined by the container 1 1 are spaced apart by suitable spacing formations making up a space frame (not specifically shown, but to the spacing illustrated schematically by the spaces 13). This maintains at least a minimum separation of 1 mm between adjacent pouches allowing for circulation of fluid between pouches.
  • the container 1 1 is then filled with a suitable liquid, for example vehicle transmission oil, up to a height at least entirely covering the individual devices 1 .
  • a suitable liquid for example vehicle transmission oil
  • Vehicle transmission oil or transformer oil or capacitor oil are particularly preferred since they are already generally optimised for a number of the conditions likely to be experienced, and in particular has a viscosity which will provide a degree of mechanical cushioning, and have a good ability to conduct heat as they circulate.
  • both of the principal functions of the inert fluid are admirably performed by such oils.
  • External electrodes 17 are conductively connected to the electrode structure 7 on the individual devices 1 to allow for the drawing of and input of electrical energy out of and into the high energy storage system.
  • the individual storage devices 1 are arrayed with an even and constant spacing by means of the space frame which primarily serves to locate them, but does not in itself have has its primary purpose
  • the transmission fluid provides a thermal transfer function. The spacing of the devices 1 and the circulation of the fluid together tend to eliminate hot spots and maintain a constant temperature within the container.
  • evacuated copper heat tubes 19 which pass the length of the container through the circulating fluid towards the bottom of the container below the pouches.
  • These heat tubes operating in conjunction with suitable heat input and/or extraction systems (not shown) allow for very rapid heating and cooling of the system via the circulating transmission oil.
  • Provision of a suitable control system (not shown) enables the container to be operated at a generally constant temperature regardless of operating load conditions, external temperature etc.
  • the circulating oil can be heated in cold conditions, and cooled in hot external conditions or conditions of high load.
  • the fluid level is above the electrochemical cells and therefore reduces the risk of fire or thermal runaway because in the event that a particular cell overheats and catches fire the only oxygen available to it is that oxygen within the cell. Access to further oxygen is prevented by the fluid.
  • the invention therefore also substantially reduces or eliminates any risk of fire either for battery or super-capacitor cells.
  • a DC/DC converter is so provided.
  • the DC/DC converter is surrounded by the same fluid as that which mechanically protects and in the preferred case also cools the electrical energy storage devices and benefits from the attendant advantages.
  • the container 1 1 will typically be provided with a closure lid (not shown) in a preferred case, as above described, the closure lid may incorporate monitoring means, for example in the form of a printed circuit board, into which monitoring tags communicating with each of the pouches maybe electrically connected and for example soldered.
  • monitoring means for example in the form of a printed circuit board
  • monitoring tags communicating with each of the pouches maybe electrically connected and for example soldered.
  • at least operating voltage can be monitored dynamically for each of the devices 1 in the array.
  • a variation in operating voltage outside a predetermined tolerance limit can give an effective early warning of likely failure of a device 1 .
  • periodic maintenance of the storage system is made possible during which potentially failing individual devices may be replaced before they fail to the point of comprising the entire system.
  • a contained array of individual electrical energy storage devices in accordance with the principles of the invention illustrated in Figure 2 offers an admirable combination of mechanic and thermal stability and control controllability in a highly flexible system configurable to a range of shapes and mechanical and electrical use environments but offers the potential to overcome many of the disadvantages of prior art systems which attempt to distribute and protect arrays of pouched cells by purely mechanical means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de stockage d'énergie électrique, comprenant une enveloppe ; une pluralité de dispositifs de stockage d'énergie électrique destinés à stocker de manière réversible de l'énergie électrique et organisés en réseau dans l'enveloppe, chaque dispositif comprenant des composants actifs électrochimiquement contenus dans une poche inerte électrochimiquement ; une pluralité de formations d'écartement, destinées à écarter les dispositifs de stockage électrique formant le réseau les uns des autres ; un fluide remplissant l'enveloppe au moins suffisamment pour immerger les dispositifs de stockage d'énergie électrique. Facultativement, le système de stockage d'énergie électrique est fourni avec un convertisseur continu-continu, de préférence situé dans un volume fermé qui communique fluidiquement avec l'enveloppe contenant les dispositifs de stockage d'énergie électrique, de telle sorte que le fluide joue en plus le rôle de fluide de refroidissement pour le convertisseur continu-continu.
PCT/GB2010/052047 2009-12-21 2010-12-08 Système de stockage d'énergie électrique WO2011077109A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0922221.7 2009-12-21
GB0922221A GB0922221D0 (en) 2009-12-21 2009-12-21 High energy storage system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011077109A1 true WO2011077109A1 (fr) 2011-06-30

Family

ID=41717238

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2010/052047 WO2011077109A1 (fr) 2009-12-21 2010-12-08 Système de stockage d'énergie électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB0922221D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011077109A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9825343B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2017-11-21 Johnson Controls Technology Company Battery module passive thermal management features and positioning
WO2018152515A1 (fr) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Appareil supercondensateur haute tension multicouche à cellules multiples
US10658717B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2020-05-19 Cps Technology Holdings Llc Battery module active thermal management features and positioning
US10720683B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2020-07-21 Cps Technology Holdings Llc Battery module thermal management features for internal flow
EP3912220A4 (fr) * 2019-01-16 2022-11-16 Kiritz, Alexander Appareil de continuité de l'alimentation électrique

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1274137A1 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2003-01-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Bloc-piles
US20050285563A1 (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-29 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power supply unit compactly accommodating components and having uniform battery characteristic
EP1744383A1 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2007-01-17 NEC Lamilion Energy, Ltd. Dispositif electrique avec revetement de film, element d"armature, et systeme de logement pour dispositif electrique avec revetement de film
US20070141452A1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Yong-Sam Kim Rechargeable battery and battery module
US20070190409A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2007-08-16 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Packaging structure of electric storage cells
WO2007102672A1 (fr) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-13 Lg Chem, Ltd. Module de batterie
US20080299452A1 (en) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Densei-Lambda K.K. Battery pack
WO2009002096A1 (fr) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 Lg Chem, Ltd. Bloc-piles de taille moyenne et grande ayant une meilleure efficacité du refroidissement
US20090253026A1 (en) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-08 Societe De Vehicules Electriques Electrical Battery Comprising Flexible Generating Elements and a System for the Mechanical and Thermal Conditioning of Said Elements

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1274137A1 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2003-01-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Bloc-piles
EP1744383A1 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2007-01-17 NEC Lamilion Energy, Ltd. Dispositif electrique avec revetement de film, element d"armature, et systeme de logement pour dispositif electrique avec revetement de film
US20050285563A1 (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-29 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power supply unit compactly accommodating components and having uniform battery characteristic
US20070190409A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2007-08-16 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Packaging structure of electric storage cells
US20070141452A1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Yong-Sam Kim Rechargeable battery and battery module
WO2007102672A1 (fr) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-13 Lg Chem, Ltd. Module de batterie
US20080299452A1 (en) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Densei-Lambda K.K. Battery pack
WO2009002096A1 (fr) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 Lg Chem, Ltd. Bloc-piles de taille moyenne et grande ayant une meilleure efficacité du refroidissement
US20090253026A1 (en) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-08 Societe De Vehicules Electriques Electrical Battery Comprising Flexible Generating Elements and a System for the Mechanical and Thermal Conditioning of Said Elements

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9825343B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2017-11-21 Johnson Controls Technology Company Battery module passive thermal management features and positioning
US10658717B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2020-05-19 Cps Technology Holdings Llc Battery module active thermal management features and positioning
US10720683B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2020-07-21 Cps Technology Holdings Llc Battery module thermal management features for internal flow
WO2018152515A1 (fr) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Appareil supercondensateur haute tension multicouche à cellules multiples
US11127538B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2021-09-21 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Multi-cell multi-layer high voltage supercapacitor apparatus including graphene electrodes
US11721494B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2023-08-08 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Multi-cell multi-layer high voltage supercapacitor apparatus including graphene electrodes
EP3912220A4 (fr) * 2019-01-16 2022-11-16 Kiritz, Alexander Appareil de continuité de l'alimentation électrique
US11863010B2 (en) 2019-01-16 2024-01-02 Alexander Kiritz Power continuity apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0922221D0 (en) 2010-02-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR102172515B1 (ko) 배터리 모듈
US11594776B2 (en) Battery module including heat shrinkable tube
EP3474345B1 (fr) Module de batterie, bloc-batterie comprenant le module de batterie, et automobile comprenant le bloc-batterie
JP6456508B2 (ja) バッテリーモジュール
US11942597B2 (en) Solid-state battery and solid-state battery module
JP5621111B2 (ja) 熱的安定性を改良したバッテリーセル及びそれを使用する中型または大型バッテリーモジュール
EP3358668B1 (fr) Module de batterie, bloc-batterie et véhicule le comportant
KR101983391B1 (ko) 전지모듈 냉각장치 및 이를 포함하는 전지모듈 어셈블리
CN101855748A (zh) 具有优异散热性能的电池模块和换热构件
RU2425436C2 (ru) Батарея с устройством контроля температуры
US11469471B1 (en) Battery pack heat dispensing systems
WO2013123269A1 (fr) Système d'encapsulation de batterie grand format
EP1033730B1 (fr) Module de condensateur, groupe de modules et boîtier pour ces modules
WO2011077109A1 (fr) Système de stockage d'énergie électrique
US20240063449A1 (en) Solid-state battery module
JP5582246B2 (ja) 蓄電装置
JP2010061988A (ja) 蓄電装置
JP6812056B2 (ja) 熱膨張性テープを含む安全性の改善したバッテリーセル及びその製造方法
JP2010186715A (ja) 組電池の放熱構造及び組電池
KR102586103B1 (ko) 배터리 시스템, 배터리 시스템 내부 누출 검출 방법, 및 배터리 시스템을 포함하는 차량
JP2017073337A (ja) 組電池
KR102115511B1 (ko) 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩
KR101764837B1 (ko) 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩
KR20170041569A (ko) 배터리 모듈, 이러한 배터리 모듈을 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 이러한 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 10800987

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 10800987

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1