WO2011076029A1 - 一种实现快速重路由的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种实现快速重路由的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011076029A1
WO2011076029A1 PCT/CN2010/077275 CN2010077275W WO2011076029A1 WO 2011076029 A1 WO2011076029 A1 WO 2011076029A1 CN 2010077275 W CN2010077275 W CN 2010077275W WO 2011076029 A1 WO2011076029 A1 WO 2011076029A1
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Prior art keywords
path
forwarding
service flow
information table
path information
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PCT/CN2010/077275
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙蓓
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011076029A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011076029A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0668Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery by dynamic selection of recovery network elements, e.g. replacement by the most appropriate element after failure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/18End to end

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to data communication rerouting techniques, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for implementing fast rerouting. Background technique
  • the Fast Reroute (FRR) mechanism is a mechanism for protecting links and nodes.
  • FRR Fast Reroute
  • the route of the fast rerouting is as follows: A ⁇ B ⁇ C ⁇ D, which is composed of routing devices A, B, C, and D, is the main path of the route, and is composed of routing devices A, E, and D.
  • a ⁇ E ⁇ D is the backup path of the route.
  • the routing devices eight, B, C, D, and E are nodes on the path; when the node B or C on the primary path, or A ⁇ B, B ⁇
  • the service flow is switched to the backup path A ⁇ E ⁇ D to ensure the normal transmission of the service flow.
  • Multiprotocol Label Swtiching Traffic Engineering Fast ReRoute Virtual Private Network Fast Reroute (VPN FRR, Virtual Private Network) Fast ReRoute), Label Distribution Protocol Fast Reroute (LDP FRR), etc.
  • VPN FRR Virtual Private Network Fast Reroute
  • LDP FRR Label Distribution Protocol Fast Reroute
  • One method of active/standby switchover in the existing fast reroute is as follows: As shown in Figure 2, the master is detected. When a path or a node fails, the forwarding information of the backup path is used to overwrite the forwarding information of the original primary path, thereby switching the service flow to the backup path.
  • the disadvantages of this type of solution are: When the forwarding information is directly overwritten, the traffic flow must be lost or even abnormal due to incomplete forwarding information. When the primary path carries more traffic, the control plane of the routing device needs to be all The service flow forwarding entry of the bearer carries over the coverage operation, which greatly increases the burden on the control layer of the routing device and affects the switching performance.
  • Another method for active/standby switchover in the fast reroute that is currently in use is as follows: As shown in FIG. 3, a selection flag of the active and standby paths is added in the forwarding table of the service flow, such as an address table or a label table, and the main path is recorded. And forwarding information of the backup path. When the primary path is faultless, the setting selection flag is active, and the primary path is used to forward the service flow. When the primary path fails, the selection flag is set to be valid. In this case, the backup path is used to forward the service flow.
  • the disadvantage of this method is: When the primary path carries the service flow of multiple services, if the primary path fails, the selection flag in all forwarding tables needs to be switched, so that the burden on the control layer of the routing device is too heavy and affects the handover. Performance, and reduce the efficiency of the routing device; Moreover, each forwarding table records the forwarding information of the primary path and the forwarding information of the backup path, which inevitably causes a great waste of resources due to the need to repeatedly record a variety of information, and The routing device works less efficiently. Summary of the invention
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for implementing fast rerouting, which can reduce the burden of the control layer of the routing device in the fast rerouting, reduce the waste of resources caused by repeated recording, and improve the working efficiency of the routing device.
  • the present invention provides a method for implementing fast rerouting, the method includes: configuring, at a control plane of a routing device, a path information table including an active/standby path status identifier, and a forwarding table of each service flow carried on the primary path, and Correlating the forwarding table of each service flow with the path information table; when detecting that the primary path is faulty, setting the status identifier in the path information table to It is effective, and switches each service flow to the backup path and forwards it.
  • the method further includes: when configuring the path information table, setting the status identifier to be active, and defaulting each service flow to be forwarded through the primary path.
  • the path information table further includes the outbound interface forwarding information of the active and standby paths; the forwarding is: performing forwarding of the service flow through the primary path according to the outbound interface forwarding information of the primary path; or: The outbound interface of the backup path forwards information, and completes the forwarding of the service flow through the backup path.
  • the forwarding table of each service flow is associated with the path information table, and the index of the path information table is set in a forwarding table of each service flow.
  • the setting of the status identifier in the path information table is valid, and if yes, notifying the control plane of the routing device, and the control plane of the routing device sets the status identifier to be valid; Otherwise, the control plane of the routing device is not notified.
  • the switching the service flow to the backup path and forwarding the information includes: according to the destination information of the packet in the received service flow, the routing device searches for the corresponding forwarding table, and obtains the path information table associated with the forwarding table. If the status indicator is valid, the service flow is forwarded through the outbound interface of the backup path.
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for implementing fast re-routing, the apparatus comprising a configuration unit, a detecting unit, a switching unit, and a forwarding unit.
  • the configuration unit is configured to configure the status of the active and standby paths on the control plane of the routing device.
  • the detecting unit is configured to detect whether the primary path is faulty, if If the primary path fails, the switching unit is started, otherwise the switching unit is not activated; the switching unit is configured to set the status identifier in the path information table to be valid, and switch each service flow to the backup path; The status identifier in the path information table forwards the service flow through the primary path or the backup path.
  • the forwarding unit is specifically configured to: when the status identifier in the path information table is active, forward the service flow through the primary path; and the status identifier in the path information table is valid. When the traffic is forwarded through the backup path.
  • the forwarding unit is specifically configured to: search for a corresponding forwarding table according to the destination information of the packet in the received service flow, obtain a status identifier in the path information table associated with the forwarding table, and according to the The status indicator in the path information table forwards the service flow through the outbound interface of the primary path or the outbound interface of the backup path.
  • the detecting unit is specifically configured to detect whether the primary path is faulty by using a bidirectional forwarding detection method or another detection method.
  • the method and the device for implementing the fast rerouting provided by the present invention configure the forwarding table of each service flow and the path information table including the status indicators of the active and standby paths respectively at the control plane of the routing device, and each forwarding table and path information table Correlation;
  • you need to switch paths you only need to change the status ID in the path information table to avoid setting up multiple forwarding tables, which greatly reduces the workload of the routing device control layer and greatly reduces the switching path required. Time, effectively improve the efficiency of routing equipment.
  • the present invention saves the outbound interface forwarding information of the active and standby paths and the shared information of the active and standby paths, which are required in the service flow forwarding process, in the path information table, so as to avoid writing forwarding information in each forwarding table, thereby enabling The resource of the entry in the routing device is greatly saved, and the working efficiency of the routing device can be further improved.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a path of fast rerouting
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for implementing fast re-routing in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another method for implementing fast re-routing in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of fast re-routing according to the present invention. Schematic diagram of the implementation process of the method;
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration entry implemented by the method of the present invention in the control plane of the routing device A in FIG. Schematic diagram
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the path for implementing 1:3 backup fast reroute.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another configuration entry implemented by the method of the present invention in a control plane of a routing device
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a package encapsulation process in the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation process of fast re-routing according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for implementing fast rerouting according to the present invention. detailed description
  • Step 101 Configure a path information table including the status identifiers of the active and standby paths on the control plane of the routing device, and carry the path information table on the main path. a forwarding table of the service flow, and associating the forwarding table of each service flow with the path information table;
  • Step 102 When detecting that the primary path is faulty, set the status identifier in the path information table to be valid, switch each service flow to the backup path, and forward.
  • the control plane of the routing device is used to set, delete, and update each entry according to the configuration of the user and the change of the network state.
  • the status identifier is set to be valid, and the default service flows are forwarded through the primary path.
  • the path information table includes the outbound interface forwarding information of the active and standby paths, so that the service flow can be forwarded through the primary path or the backup path, so that the path information is included.
  • the forwarding information of the primary path and the forwarding information of the backup path are included in the table.
  • the path information is not required to be overwritten when the forwarding path is switched, so that the packet forwarding information is incomplete due to the found path forwarding information. Loss and difference Often.
  • TE traffic engineering
  • PW Pseudo Wire
  • Each TE tunnel can carry multiple services.
  • a PW is configured in the routing device.
  • the PWs in the same path can carry multiple PWs at the same time.
  • Each TE tunnel can carry multiple service traffic at the same time.
  • the forwarding information of the outbound interface mainly includes a TE label that identifies the TE tunnel, and a MAC address that identifies the forwarding destination device.
  • the forwarding table of each service flow configured on the control plane of the routing device includes the MAC address of the routing device and the corresponding PW label, and the index i pointing to the path information table is also set to be associated with the path information table. In this way, the forwarding information of the primary path and the forwarding information of the backup path are recorded in the forwarding table of each service flow, which greatly saves the resource of the entry in the routing device.
  • the TE tunnel carries two PW service flows, namely service flow PW1 and service flow PW2.
  • the path information table and the forwarding table of each service flow can be configured in the control plane of the routing device A.
  • the outbound interface information of the primary path A ⁇ B ⁇ C ⁇ D is specifically: Port B, the MAC address of the destination device B, the TE label of the primary tunnel TE-B, and the outgoing interface of the backup path A ⁇ E ⁇ D are: Forwarding destination port E, MAC address of destination device E, and identifying the tunnel TE label TE-E.
  • the status identifier of the path information table is set to lbit, and contains two sets, which are 0 and 1.
  • the status flag is set to 0 to indicate that the primary is valid, and the primary path A ⁇ B ⁇ C ⁇ D is used to forward each service flow; the status indicator is set to 1 to indicate that the standby is valid, and the backup path A ⁇ E ⁇ D is used to forward each service flow.
  • the default setting of the status identifier is 0, that is, the default setting is active. Only when the primary path is detected to be faulty, the status flag is set to 1 and the backup path is used.
  • the common information part of the active/standby path in the path information table mainly includes the statistics information of the TE tunnel and its QoS information, so as to reduce the duplicate records of the common information of each path as much as possible, so as to reduce the resources of the control layer entries. Waste.
  • the forwarding table of PW1 contains the MAC address of routing device A, the PW label X that identifies the PW1 service, and the index i that points to the path information table.
  • the forwarding table of PW2 contains the MAC address of routing device A, the PW label Y that identifies the PW2 service, and the index i that points to the path information table.
  • the path information table can be directly extended, and the outbound interface forwarding information of the N backup paths is saved in the path. Just in the information form.
  • the status identifier in the path information table may be set to multiple bits according to the number N of backup paths.
  • the fast rerouting path from routing device A to routing device D contains the primary path A ⁇ B ⁇ C ⁇ D, and the backup path 1 A ⁇ E ⁇ D , A ⁇ F ⁇ D of backup path 2 and A ⁇ G ⁇ D of backup path 3.
  • the forwarding table and path information table obtained by the specific configuration are as shown in FIG. 7, wherein the status identifier is set to 2 bits, including 4 sets, and the status identifier is set. 0 means the master is valid, 1 means the backup path 1 is valid, 2 means the backup path 2 is valid, and 3 means the backup path 3 is valid, to forward the service flow through the corresponding path respectively.
  • the status identifier in the path information table is set to be valid, specifically:
  • BFD Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
  • routing device A and destination device D periodically send detection packets at the configured interval. If there is a device fault in the primary path, or the chain of the primary path If the path is interrupted, the routing device A or the destination device D will not receive the detection packet. At this time, the detection layer of the routing device will notify the control plane to change the status identifier to be valid, so as to forward the subsequent service flow through the backup path.
  • the time interval for sending detection packets can be set to 3.33ms.
  • the service flow is switched to the backup path and forwarded, and the method includes: the routing device searches for the corresponding forwarding table according to the destination information of the packet in the received service flow, and obtains the status identifier of the path information table associated with the forwarding table. If it is valid, the service flow is forwarded through the outbound interface of the backup path.
  • the destination information of the packet in the received service flow includes the MAC address of the forwarding destination device of the packet and the port and/or VLAN that receives the packet, and the forwarding table corresponding to the packet is found according to the information;
  • the path information table of the path information table included in the found forwarding table is searched for the path information table, and the status identifier of the path information table is valid. Then, the information is forwarded according to the outbound interface of the backup path saved in the path information table.
  • Each packet in the stream is encapsulated and forwarded through the backup path.
  • the received packet carries the address information Smac of the source device that sends the packet, and the address information of the forwarding destination device of the packet. , Etype information and data (payload) information.
  • the outbound interface forwarding information of the backup path in the forwarding table and the path information table is encapsulated on the outside of the original packet: the PE label, the TE label, the Etype 1 information, the routing device address information Smac 1 that receives the packet, and the backup path.
  • Forward destination device address information Dmacl Forward destination device address information
  • the encapsulated packet is forwarded by the routing device to the destination forwarding device in the backup path, and then the destination forwarding device in the backup path completes the subsequent forwarding of the packet.
  • the fast rerouting method of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific implementation process of the fast rerouting shown in FIG.
  • Step 801 the control plane of the routing device writes the primary path forwarding information and the backup path forwarding information into the configured path information table.
  • the status identifier in the path information table is set to be active by default, and all the forwarding tables of the service flows carried on the primary path are pointed to the path information table;
  • Step 802 Search for an outbound interface of the primary path according to the destination information of the packet in the received service flow, and forward the service flow through the primary path.
  • the routing device finds the path information table index in the corresponding forwarding table, and then finds the path information table, and the setting of the status identifier is valid, and then determines that the service flow is passed through the outbound interface of the primary path.
  • the main path is forwarded.
  • Step 803 When the primary path fails by using BFD or other methods, the control plane of the routing device changes the status identifier in the path information table to be valid.
  • Step 804 Search for the outbound interface of the backup path according to the destination information of the packet in the received service flow, and forward the service flow through the backup path.
  • the routing device finds the path information table index from the corresponding forwarding table, finds the path information table according to the index, and knows that the status identifier is valid, and determines that the service flow is performed through the outbound interface of the backup path. Forward along the backup path.
  • the apparatus for implementing the fast rerouting of the present invention is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the apparatus mainly includes a configuration unit 91, a detecting unit 92, a switching unit 93, and a forwarding unit 94, where:
  • the configuration unit 91 is configured to configure, on a control plane of the routing device, a path information table including the primary and backup path status identifiers, and a forwarding table of each service flow carried on the primary path, and the forwarding table of each service flow and the path information Table association
  • the detecting unit 92 is configured to detect whether the primary path fails, and if the primary path fails, Then the switching unit is activated, otherwise the switching unit is not activated;
  • the switching unit 93 is configured to set the status identifier in the path information table to be valid, and switch each service flow to the backup path.
  • the forwarding unit 94 is configured to forward the service flow through the primary path or the backup path according to the status identifier in the path information table.
  • the forwarding unit 94 is specifically configured to: when the status identifier in the path information table is active, the forwarding unit forwards the service flow through the primary path; the status identifier in the path information table is When the backup is valid, the forwarding unit forwards the service flow through the backup path.
  • the forwarding unit 94 searches for a corresponding forwarding table according to the destination information of the packet in the received service flow, and obtains a status identifier in the path information table associated with the forwarding table, according to the status in the obtained path information table. Indicates that the service flow is forwarded through the outbound interface of the primary path or the outbound interface of the backup path.
  • the forwarding unit 94 forwards the service flow through the outbound interface of the backup path.
  • the forwarding unit 94 passes the service flow through the primary path. Outbound interface forwarding.
  • the detecting unit 92 may detect whether the primary path is faulty by using a bidirectional forwarding detection method.

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Description

一种实现快速重路由的方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及数据通信重路由技术, 尤其涉及一种实现快速重路由的方 法及装置。 背景技术
为了在网络出现故障时各通信业务倒换小于 50ms, 端到端的通信业务 收敛小于 Is,快速重路由机制被普遍运用。快速重路由( FRR, Fast ReRoute ) 机制是一种保护链路和节点的机制, 当主路径或节点发生故障时, 主路径 上的业务流将快速切换到备份路径上, 通过备份路径来保护主路径或节点, 以保证业务流的传输不被中断。
如图 1所示的快速重路由的路径示意图, 其中, 由路由设备 A、 B、 C、 D 组成的 A^B^C^D 为路由的主路径, 由路由设备 A、 E、 D 组成的 A^E^D则为路由的备份路径, 这里, 路由设备八、 B、 C、 D、 E均为路 径上的节点; 当主路径上的节点 B或者 C,或者其中的 A^B、 B^C、 C^D 的路径发生故障时, 就会将业务流切换到备份路径 A^E^D上, 以保证业 务流的正常传输。
目前对应于不同的应用场景有多种 FRR, 如: 多协议标记交换流量工 程快速重路由 (MPLS TE FRR , Multiprotocol Label Swtiching Traffic Engineering Fast ReRoute )、 虚拟专用网快速重路由 (VPN FRR, Virtual Private Network Fast ReRoute )、标记分发协议快速重路由(LDP FRR, Label Distribution Protocol Fast ReRoute )等。 具体地, 实现快速重路由中的主备 切换常用以下两种方法:
现有快速重路由中主备切换的一种方法为: 如图 2所示, 在检测到主 路径或者节点发生故障时, 用备份路径的转发信息覆盖原主路径的转发信 息, 从而将业务流切换到备份路径中。 此种方案弊端在于: 当直接进行转 发信息覆盖时, 必然存在业务流因为转发信息不完整而出现丟包甚至异常 的情况; 当主路径承载较多的业务流时, 路由设备的控制层面需要对所有 承载的业务流转发表项进行覆盖操作, 大大增加了路由设备控制层面的负 担, 影响切换性能。
现有正在使用的快速重路由中主备切换的另一种方法为: 如图 3所示, 在业务流的转发表如地址表或者标签表中增设主备路径的选择标志, 并记 录主路径及备份路径的转发信息。 在主路径无故障时, 设置选择标志为主 有效, 釆用主路径转发业务流; 在主路径发生故障时, 设置选择标志为备 有效, 此时则釆用备份路径来转发业务流。 但是, 此方法的缺点是: 在主 路径承载多个业务的业务流时, 如果主路径发生故障, 则需要切换所有转 发表中的选择标志, 使得路由设备控制层面的负担过重而影响其切换性能, 并降低了路由设备的工作效率; 而且, 每个转发表中都记录主路径的转发 信息和备份路径的转发信息, 必然会因为需要重复记录多种信息而造成极 大的资源浪费、 以及路由设备工作效率的降低。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种实现快速重路由的方法及 装置, 能降低快速重路由中路由设备控制层面负担, 减少由于重复记录造 成的资源浪费, 提高路由设备的工作效率。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
本发明提供了一种实现快速重路由的方法, 所述方法包括: 在路由设 备的控制层面配置包含主备路径状态标识的路径信息表、 以及承载在主路 径上各业务流的转发表, 并将所述各业务流的转发表与所述路径信息表关 联; 在检测到主路径发生故障时, 将所述路径信息表中的状态标识设置为 备有效, 切换各业务流至备份路径并转发。
在上述方案中, 所述方法进一步包括: 在配置所述路径信息表时, 设 置状态标识为主有效, 默认各业务流通过主路径转发。
在上述方案中, 所述路径信息表还包含主备路径的出接口转发信息; 所述转发为: 根据所述主路径的出接口转发信息, 完成业务流通过主路径 的转发; 或为: 根据所述备份路径的出接口转发信息, 完成业务流通过备 份路径的转发。
在上述方案中, 所述将各业务流的转发表与所述路径信息表关联, 具 体为: 在各业务流的转发表中设置指向所述路径信息表的索引。
在上述方案中, 所述设置所述路径信息表中的状态标识为备有效, 具 如果是, 则通知所述路由设备的控制层面, 路由设备的控制层面将所述状 态标识设置为备有效; 否则, 不通知所述路由设备的控制层面。
在上述方案中, 所述切换各业务流至备份路径并转发, 具体包括: 根 据所接收业务流中报文的目的信息, 路由设备查找对应的转发表, 得到该 转发表所关联路径信息表的状态标识为备有效, 则将业务流通过备份路径 的出接口转发。
本发明还提供了一种实现快速重路由的装置, 所述装置包括配置单元、 检测单元、 切换单元、 转发单元; 其中: 配置单元, 用于在路由设备的控 制层面上配置包含主备路径状态标识的路径信息表、 以及承载在主路径上 各业务流的转发表, 并将所述各业务流的转发表与所述路径信息表关联; 检测单元, 用于检测主路径是否发生故障, 如果主路径发生故障, 则启动 切换单元, 否则不启动切换单元; 切换单元, 用于将所述路径信息表中的 状态标识设置为备有效, 切换各业务流至备份路径; 转发单元, 用于根据 所述路径信息表中的状态标识, 将业务流通过主路径或备份路径转发。 在上述方案中, 所述转发单元, 具体用于: 在所述路径信息表中的状 态标识为主有效时, 将业务流通过主路径转发; 在所述路径信息表中的状 态标识为备有效时, 将业务流通过备份路径转发。
在上述方案中, 所述转发单元, 具体用于: 根据所接收业务流中报文 的目的信息, 查找对应的转发表, 得到该转发表所关联路径信息表中的状 态标识, 并根据所述路径信息表中的状态标识, 将业务流通过主路径的出 接口或备份路径的出接口转发。
在上述方案中, 所述检测单元, 具体用于釆用双向转发检测方法或其 他检测方法检测主路径是否发生故障。
本发明所提供的实现快速重路由的方法及装置, 通过在路由设备的控 制层面分别配置各业务流的转发表和包含主备路径状态标识的路径信息 表, 并将各转发表与路径信息表关联; 在需要切换路径时, 只需更改路径 信息表中的状态标识即可, 避免了对多个转发表进行设置, 极大地减轻了 路由设备控制层面的工作负担, 能够大大缩短切换路径所需时间, 有效提 高路由设备的工作效率。
另外, 本发明将业务流转发过程中需要的主备路径的出接口转发信息、 及主备路径的共用信息都保存在路径信息表中, 避免在每个转发表都写入 转发信息, 从而能大大节省路由设备中的表项资源, 也可进一步提高路由 设备的工作效率。 附图说明
图 1为一种快速重路由的路径示意图;
图 2为现有技术中实现快速重路由的一种方法的实现流程示意图; 图 3为现有技术中实现快速重路由的另一种方法的实现流程示意图; 图 4为本发明的快速重路由方法的实现流程示意图;
图 5为图 1中路由设备 A控制层面釆用本发明的方法实现的配置表项 示意图;
图 6为实现 1 : 3备份快速重路由的路径示意图。
图 7为路由设备的控制层面釆用本发明的方法实现的另一种配置表项 示意图;
图 8为本发明中报文的封装过程示意图;
图 9为本发明的快速重路由的具体实现流程示意图;
图 10为本发明的实现快速重路由的装置组成示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明技术方案的具体实现方式做详细说明。
本发明实现快速重路由的方法, 请参照图 4所示, 主要包括以下步骤: 步骤 101 :在路由设备的控制层面上配置包含主备路径状态标识的路径 信息表、 以及承载在主路径上各业务流的转发表, 并将所述的各业务流的 转发表关联所述路径信息表;
这里, 业务流的转发表和路径信息表可以通过索引的方式进行关联。 步骤 102: 在检测到主路径发生故障时, 将所述路径信息表中的状态标 识设置为备有效, 切换各业务流至备份路径并转发。
其中, 路由设备的控制层面用于根据用户的配置和网络状态的变化, 来对各表项进行设置、 删除、 更新等操作。
其中, 在步骤 101 中在配置所述路径信息表时, 设置状态标识为主有 效, 默认各业务流通过主路径转发。
其中, 在步骤 101 中, 除包含主备路径的状态标识外, 所述路径信息 表还包含主备路径的出接口转发信息, 以便使得业务流可以通过主路径或 备份路径转发, 如此, 路径信息表中同时包含了主路径的转发信息和备份 路径的转发信息, 不需要在切换转发路径时, 将路径信息再进行覆盖, 避 免切换路径时的报文由于查找到的路径转发信息不完整而导致的丟包和异 常。
对于流量工程( TE, Traffic Engineering )隧道 载一个或多个伪线( PW, Pseudo Wire )业务而言, 在主路径及备路径中都存在对应的 TE隧道, 每个 TE隧道可以承载多个业务的流量。 在路由设备中都设置有每个业务流量对 应的 PW, 同一路径的 TE隧道上可以同时承载多个 PW, 实现每个 TE隧 道上可以同时承载多个业务流量。
其中, 所述出接口的转发信息主要包括标识 TE隧道的 TE标签、 以及 标识转发目的设备的 MAC地址。
而在路由设备的控制层面配置的各业务流的转发表中包含了路由设备 自身的 MAC地址、对应的 PW标签, 并同时设置指向路径信息表的索引 i, 以与路径信息表关联。 这样, 就避免了在每个业务流的转发表中都记录主 路径的转发信息和备份路径的转发信息, 极大的节省了路由设备中的表项 资源。
例如, 对于如图 1所示的快速重路由, TE隧道上承载了两个 PW业务 流, 分别为业务流 PW1、 业务流 PW2。
在配置时, 可以在路由设备 A的控制层面中配置路径信息表及各业务 流的转发表。
参照图 5所示, 路由设备 A控制层面的配置表项示意图, 在路由设备 A的控制层面上配置的路径信息表中, 主路径 A^B^C^D的出接口信息 具体为: 转发目的端口 B、 目的设备 B的 MAC地址、 标识主隧道的 TE标 签 TE-B,备份路径 A^E^D的出接口信息具体为: 转发目的端口 E、 目的 设备 E的 MAC地址、 标识备隧道的 TE标签 TE-E。
其中, 路径信息表的状态标识设置为 lbit, 包含两个置位, 分别为 0 和 1。 其中, 状态标识置 0表示主有效, 釆用主路径 A^B^C^D转发各 业务流;状态标识置 1表示备有效,釆用备份路径 A^E^D转发各业务流。 一般, 状态标识的缺省设置为 0, 即缺省设置为主有效, 只有在检测到主路 径发生故障时, 才将状态标识置 1釆用备份路径。
其中,路径信息表中的主备路径的共用信息部分主要包含 TE隧道的统 计信息、 以及其 QoS信息等, 这样可以尽可能的减少各路径共用信息的重 复记录, 以减少对控制层面表项资源的浪费。
业务流 PW1的转发表包含了路由设备 A的 MAC地址、 标识 PW1业 务的 PW标签 X、 及指向路径信息表的索引 i。
业务流 PW2的转发表包含了路由设备 A的 MAC地址、 标识 PW2业 务的 PW标签 Y、 及指向路径信息表的索引 i。
当需要实现 1 : N备份时, 即存在一个主路径和 N ( N不小于 2 )个备 份路径时, 可以直接将路径信息表进行扩展, 将 N个备份路径的出接口转 发信息都保存在路径信息表中即可。 其中, 路径信息表中的状态标识可以 根据备份路径的数量 N设置为多个 bit。
例如, 如果需要实现 1 : 3备份时, 如图 6所示, 路由设备 A到路由设 备 D 的快速重路由路径包含了主路径 A^B^C^D、 备份路径 1 的 A^E^D、备份路径 2的 A^F^D和备份路径 3的 A^G^D。对于在主路 径上承载了 PW1和 PW2两种业务流的情况, 具体配置得到的转发表和路 径信息表如图 7所示, 其中的状态标识设置为 2bit, 包含 4个置位, 状态标 识置 0表示主有效、 置 1表示备份路径 1有效、 置 2时表示备份路径 2有 效、 置 3表示备份路径 3有效, 以分别通过相应路径将业务流转发。
其中, 在步骤 102 中检测到主路径发生故障时, 设置所述路径信息表 中的状态标识为备有效, 具体为:
通过双向转发检测 (BFD , Bidirectional Forwarding Detection )方法或 其他检测方法检测主路径是否发生故障, 如果是, 则通知所述路由设备的 控制层面, 路由设备的控制层面再将所述状态标识设置为备有效; 否则, 不通知所述路由设备的控制层面。
例如, 对于如图 1所示的快速重路由过程, 路由设备 A与目的设备 D 会按照配置的时间间隔周期性地互发检测报文, 如果主路径中有设备出现 故障, 或者主路径的链路中断, 路由设备 A或目的设备 D就会收不到检测 报文, 此时, 路由设备的检测层面就会通知控制层面将状态标识更改为备 有效, 以便通过备份路径转发后续业务流。 其中, 发送检测报文的时间间 隔可以设置为 3.33ms。
其中, 步骤 102中切换各业务流至备路径并转发, 具体包括: 路由设备根据所接收业务流中报文的目的信息, 查找对应的转发表, 得到该转发表所关联路径信息表的状态标识为备有效, 则将业务流通过备 份路径的出接口转发。
具体地, 所接收业务流中报文的目的信息包含了该报文的转发目的设 备的 MAC地址和接收该报文的端口和 /或 VLAN, 根据这些信息找到该报 文对应的转发表; 再由所找到的转发表中所包含的指向路径信息表的索引 查找路径信息表, 得到路径信息表的状态标识为备有效; 之后根据路径信 息表所保存的备份路径的出接口转发信息, 将业务流中各报文进行封装并 通过备份路径转发。
其中, 将报文进行封装的具体的过程如下: 如图 8所示, 接收到的报 文中携带了发送该报文的源设备的地址信息 Smac、 该报文的转发目的设备 的地址信息 Dmac、 Etype信息和数据(payload )信息。 根据找到的转发表 及路径信息表中备份路径的出接口转发信息, 在原报文的外面依次封装: PE标签、 TE标签、 Etype 1信息、 接收该报文的路由设备地址信息 Smac 1、 备份路径上的转发目的设备地址信息 Dmacl。 封装后的报文由路由设备转 发至备份路径中的目的转发设备中, 再由备份路径中的目的转发设备完成 该报文的后续转发。 下面结合附图 9 所示快速重路由的具体实现过程, 对本发明的快速重 路由方法做进一步详细说明。
如图 9所示, 实现快速重路由的具体实现过程可以包括以下流程: 步骤 801 : 根据用户设置,路由设备的控制层面将主路径转发信息和备 份路径转发信息写入已配置的路径信息表中, 路径信息表中状态标识缺省 设置为主有效, 同时将所有承载在该主路径上业务流的转发表指向该路径 信息表;
步骤 802: 根据所接收业务流中报文的目的信息查找主路径的出接口, 将业务流通过主路径转发;
根据报文的目的信息, 路由设备查找到对应转发表中的路径信息表索 引, 进而找到路径信息表, 由其中的状态标识的设置为主有效, 则确定通 过主路径的出接口将业务流通过主路径转发。
步骤 803: 在通过 BFD或其他方法检测主路径发生故障, 路由设备的 控制层面将路径信息表中状态标识更改为备有效;
步骤 804: 根据所接收业务流中报文的目的信息, 查找备份路径的出接 口, 将业务流通过备份路径转发。
根据其中报文的目的信息, 路由设备从对应转发表中找到路径信息表 索引, 根据索引找到路径信息表, 并得知其中的状态标识为备有效, 则确 定通过备份路径的出接口将业务流沿备份路径转发。
本发明的实现快速重路由的装置, 请参照图 10所示, 所述装置主要包 括配置单元 91、 检测单元 92、 切换单元 93、 转发单元 94, 其中:
配置单元 91 , 用于在路由设备的控制层面上配置包含主备路径状态标 识的路径信息表及承载在主路径上各业务流的转发表, 并将各业务流的转 发表与所述路径信息表关联;
检测单元 92, 用于检测主路径是否发生故障, 如果主路径发生故障, 则启动切换单元, 否则不启动所述切换单元;
切换单元 93 , 用于将所述路径信息表中的状态标识设置为备有效, 切 换各业务流至备份路径;
转发单元 94, 用于根据所述路径信息表中的状态标识, 将业务流通过 主路径或备份路径转发。
其中, 所述转发单元 94, 具体用于: 在所述路径信息表中的状态标识 为主有效时, 所述转发单元将业务流通过主路径转发; 在所述路径信息表 中的状态标识为备有效时, 所述转发单元将业务流通过备份路径转发。
具体地, 所述转发单元 94根据所接收业务流中报文的目的信息, 查找 对应的转发表, 得到该转发表所关联路径信息表中的状态标识, 则根据所 得到路径信息表中的状态标识, 将业务流通过主路径的出接口或备份路径 的出接口转发。
具体地, 在所述状态标识为备有效时, 所述转发单元 94将业务流通过 备份路径的出接口转发, 在所述状态标识为主有效时, 所述转发单元 94将 业务流通过主路径的出接口转发。
其中, 所述检测单元 92可以釆用双向转发检测方法来检测主路径是否 发生故障。
釆用本发明的实现快速重路由的装置, 实现快速重路由的具体过程已 在上文详述, 在此不再赘述。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进 等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种实现快速重路由的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括: 在路由设备的控制层面配置包含主备路径状态标识的路径信息表、 以 及承载在主路径上各业务流的转发表, 并将所述各业务流的转发表与所述 路径信息表关联;
在检测到主路径发生故障时, 将所述路径信息表中的状态标识设置为 备有效, 切换各业务流至备份路径并转发。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述实现快速重路由的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法 进一步包括: 在配置所述路径信息表时, 设置状态标识为主有效, 默认各 业务流通过主路径转发。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述实现快速重路由的方法, 其特征在于, 所 述路径信息表还包含主备路径的出接口转发信息;
所述转发为: 根据所述主路径的出接口转发信息, 完成业务流通过主 路径的转发; 或为: 根据所述备份路径的出接口转发信息, 完成业务流通 过备份路径的转发。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述实现快速重路由的方法, 其特征在于, 所述将 各业务流的转发表与所述路径信息表关联, 具体为: 在各业务流的转发表 中设置指向所述路径信息表的索引。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述实现快速重路由的方法, 其特征在于, 所述设 置所述路径信息表中的状态标识为备有效, 具体为:
通过双向转发检测方法检测主路径是否发生故障, 如果是, 则通知所 述路由设备的控制层面, 路由设备的控制层面将所述状态标识设置为备有 效; 否则, 不通知所述路由设备的控制层面。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述实现快速重路由的方法, 其特征在于, 所述切 换各业务流至备份路径并转发, 具体包括: 根据所接收业务流中报文的目 的信息, 路由设备查找对应的转发表, 得到该转发表所关联路径信息表的 状态标识为备有效, 则将业务流通过备份路径的出接口转发。
7、 一种实现快速重路由的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括配置单元、 检测单元、 切换单元、 转发单元; 其中:
配置单元, 用于在路由设备的控制层面上配置包含主备路径状态标识 的路径信息表、 以及承载在主路径上各业务流的转发表, 并将所述各业务 流的转发表与所述路径信息表关联;
检测单元, 用于检测主路径是否发生故障, 如果主路径发生故障, 则 启动切换单元, 否则不启动切换单元;
切换单元, 用于将所述路径信息表中的状态标识设置为备有效, 切换 各业务流至备份路径;
转发单元, 用于根据所述路径信息表中的状态标识, 将业务流通过主 路径或备份路径转发。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述实现快速重路由的装置, 其特征在于, 所述转 发单元, 具体用于:
在所述路径信息表中的状态标识为主有效时, 将业务流通过主路径转 发; 在所述路径信息表中的状态标识为备有效时, 将业务流通过备份路径 转发。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述实现快速重路由的装置, 其特征在于, 所述转 发单元, 具体用于: 根据所接收业务流中报文的目的信息, 查找对应的转 发表, 得到该转发表所关联路径信息表中的状态标识, 并根据所述路径信 息表中的状态标识, 将业务流通过主路径的出接口或备份路径的出接口转 发。
10、 根据权利要求 7所述实现快速重路由的装置, 其特征在于, 所述 检测单元, 具体用于釆用双向转发检测方法检测主路径是否发生故障。
PCT/CN2010/077275 2009-12-22 2010-09-25 一种实现快速重路由的方法及装置 WO2011076029A1 (zh)

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CN102611629B (zh) * 2012-04-05 2015-05-13 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 Mpls中快速重路由方法和装置
CN104168057A (zh) * 2013-05-20 2014-11-26 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种主备链路倒换方法、装置及系统
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