WO2011061422A1 - Installation de liaisons fond-surface disposees en eventail - Google Patents
Installation de liaisons fond-surface disposees en eventail Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011061422A1 WO2011061422A1 PCT/FR2010/052197 FR2010052197W WO2011061422A1 WO 2011061422 A1 WO2011061422 A1 WO 2011061422A1 FR 2010052197 W FR2010052197 W FR 2010052197W WO 2011061422 A1 WO2011061422 A1 WO 2011061422A1
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- pipe
- nth
- float
- flexible
- floats
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/01—Risers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/01—Risers
- E21B17/015—Non-vertical risers, e.g. articulated or catenary-type
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an installation of multiple bottom-surface connections between submarine pipes resting at the bottom of the sea and a floating support surface, comprising a multiplicity of hybrid towers consisting of a flexible pipe connected to a rising rigid pipe, or vertical riser, whose lower end is integral with an anchoring device comprising a base resting at the bottom of the sea.
- the technical sector of the invention is more particularly the field of the manufacture and installation of columns.
- the main and immediate application of the invention being in the field of oil production.
- the floating support generally comprises anchoring means to remain in position despite the effects of currents, winds and waves. It also generally comprises oil storage and processing means as well as means of unloading to removal tankers, the latter being present at regular intervals to carry out the removal of the production.
- the common name of these floating supports is the Anglo-Saxon term “Floating Production Storage Offloading” (meaning “floating medium of storage, production and unloading"), which is used the abbreviated term "FPSO" in the whole of the following description.
- a tour-hybrid link comprising:
- a connecting pipe generally a flexible connecting pipe, between the upper end of said riser and a floating support on the surface, said flexible connecting pipe taking, if appropriate, by its own weight in the form of a curve in a plunging chain, that is to say descending widely below the float and then up to that floating support.
- bottom-surface connections made by going up continuously to the subsurface of the resistant and rigid conduits consisting of tubular elements of thick steel welded or screwed together, in a chain configuration with a curvature continuously variable throughout their length in suspension, commonly called “Steel Catenary Riser” (SCR) meaning "chain-shaped steel riser” and also commonly called “catenary type rigid pipe” or “SCR type riser”.
- SCR Step Catenary Riser
- Such a catenary duct may go up to the floating support surface or only to a subsurface float that tensions its upper end, which upper end is then connected to a floating support by a plunger flexible connecting pipe.
- WO 00/49267 it has been proposed as connecting pipe between the riser whose top is tensioned by a float immersed surface and the floating support, rigid pipes SCR type and installs the float head of the riser at a distance larger of the surface especially at least 300 m from the surface, preferably at least 500 m.
- a multiple hybrid tower comprising an anchoring system with a tendon vertical consisting of a cable or a metal bar, or a pipe stretched at its upper end by a float. The lower end of the tendon is attached to a base resting at the bottom.
- Said tendon comprises guiding means distributed over its entire length through which passes a plurality of said risers vertical.
- Said base can be placed simply on the seabed and stay in place by its own weight, or remain anchored by means of batteries or any other device to keep it in place.
- the lower end of the vertical riser is adapted to be connected to the end of a bent sleeve, movable, between a high position and a low position, with respect to said base, to which this cuff is suspended and associated with a return means bringing it up in the absence of the riser.
- This mobility of the bent sleeve makes it possible to absorb the length variations of the riser under the effects of temperature and pressure.
- a stop device integral with it, comes to rest on the support guide installed at the head of the float and thus maintains the entire riser in suspension.
- connection with the submarine pipe resting on the seabed is generally effected by a pig-shaped or S-shaped pipe portion, said S being then made in a vertical or horizontal plane, the connection with said underwater pipe being generally carried out via an automatic connector.
- a pig-shaped or S-shaped pipe portion for connecting underwater wellheads to an FPSO-type floating support
- several wellheads are connected in parallel to a single base connection. surface so as to limit the occupation of the FPSO plating, because each of said bottom-surface links must be removed from its immediate neighbors to avoid any interference and shock, not only at the level of the floats, but also at the level of the flexible pipes and electrical cables connecting with said FPSO.
- a multiple hybrid tower comprising an anchoring system with a vertical tendon consisting of either a cable or a metal bar, or a pipe stretched at its upper end by a float.
- the lower end of the tendon is attached to a base resting at the bottom.
- Said tendon comprises guiding means distributed over its entire length through which pass a plurality of said risers vertical.
- Said base can be placed simply on the seabed and stay in place by its own weight, or remain anchored by means of batteries or any other device to keep it in place.
- the lower end of the vertical riser is adapted to be connected to the end of a bent sleeve, movable, between a high position and a low position, with respect to said base, to which this cuff is suspended and associated with a return means bringing it up in the absence of the riser.
- This mobility of the bent sleeve makes it possible to absorb the length variations of the riser under the effects of temperature and pressure.
- a stop device integral with it, comes to rest on the support guide installed at the head of the float and thus maintains the entire riser in suspension.
- the connection with the submarine pipe resting on the seabed is generally effected by a pig-shaped or S-shaped pipe portion, said S being then made in a vertical or horizontal plane, the connection with said underwater pipe being generally carried out via an automatic connector.
- This embodiment comprising a multiplicity of vertical risers held by a central structure comprising guide means is relatively expensive and complex to install.
- the installation must be prefabricated on the ground before being towed at sea, then once on site, cabane to be put in place.
- its maintenance also requires relatively high operating costs.
- multi-riser towers have been described with vertical riser anchoring systems able to receive two risers side by side from the same base plate. anchoring, and whose floats at the head of said risers are integral and fixed to each other by means of a hinged structure in the form of a parallelogram.
- the two risers are also connected by means of tubular collars fixed on one of the risers and connected by rings sliding freely around the second riser, so that the two risers can follow substantially the same lateral movements while being relatively more independent in their vertical movements.
- the respective bases of the two hybrid towers when anchored by suction anchors anchored to the sea floor must be spaced a distance of at least 5 times, preferably at least 10 times , the diameter of said anchors to avoid interference in the solidity of the sea floor and ensure reliable anchoring, and
- the floats at the top of the risers are subject to displacements in a cone whose top is located at the level of the anchoring system, and whose angle requires to provide a sufficient distance between the different floats in head vertical risers to prevent them from coming up against each other.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide an installation of a large amount of multiple bottom-surface bonds and of various types on one side of an FPSO for preferably individually connecting a plurality of well heads and underwater installations installed at the bottom of the sea at great depth, that is to say beyond 1000m of water depth.
- the problem posed according to the present invention is therefore to provide an installation with a multiplicity of bottom-surface connections from the same floating support, whose methods of installation and installation of the installation allow that time :
- the number of bottom-surface links and their organization is defined with respect to estimated needs, said needs being almost systematically revised upward after the production of the field, either for the recovery of crude oil, or for the need to inject more water into the tank, or to recover or reinject more gas.
- the reservoir is depleted, it is generally necessary to drill new wells to reinject water or gas, or to drill production wells in new areas of the field, so that increase the overall recovery rate, which complicates all the bottom-surface links connected to the FPSO.
- Another problem posed according to the present invention is to be able to make and install such bottom-surface connections for submarine pipes at great depths, such as beyond 1,000 meters for example, and of type comprising a vertical hybrid tower and the transported fluid must be maintained above a minimum temperature until it reaches the surface, minimizing components subject to heat loss, avoiding the disadvantages created by the clean thermal expansion, or differential, of various components of said tower, so as to withstand extreme stresses and cumulative fatigue phenomena over the life of the structure, which currently exceeds 20 years.
- Another problem of the present invention is also to provide a facility of multiple bottom-surface connections with hybrid towers whose anchoring system is of high strength and low cost, and whose manufacturing processes and implementation In place of the various constituent elements are simplified and also of low cost, and can be achieved at sea from a laying ship.
- the present invention provides a bottom-surface bonding arrangement comprising a plurality of bottom-surface bonds arranged in a fan from the same floating support to a plurality of submarine pipes lying at the bottom of the sea, said bottom-surface links comprising at least:
- first hybrid tower each comprising:
- a first rigid pipe consisting of a first vertical riser, whose lower end is fixed to a first base anchored to the seabed and connected to a first underwater pipe resting at the bottom of the sea and whose end upper is tensioned substantially vertically by a first submerged submerged float, preferably at least 100m deep, to which it is connected, and
- a second rigid pipe consisting of a riser comprising a second vertical riser or a second SCR type rigid catenary pipe, the lower end of which is connected to a second submarine pipe resting at the bottom of the sea and whose upper end is tensioned by a second buoyancy element submerged in subsurface, preferably at least 50m deep, to which it is connected, and
- a second flexible connection line providing the connection between said floating support and the upper end of said second rigid pipe, each said second flexible pipe passing through a chute fixed to a said first float thus delimiting two portions of second flexible plunging pipe, respectively on either side of said first float, the hooked point of each said second flexible pipe on said plating being located in proximity, preferably juxtaposed against, the point of attachment of said first flexible pipe in connection with said first float supporting said second flexible pipe.
- the bottom-surface connection installation according to the invention comprises:
- first floats serve as intermediate support for said second flexible pipes longer than said first flexible pipes and thus to reduce the horizontal tension generated by said second flexible pipe at the upper end of said second rigid pipe, and without substantially increasing the horizontal tension at said first float, because they are balanced.
- the horizontal tensions generated by said flexible pipes at the upper ends of the rigid pipes and at the level of the floats to which they are connected are at the origin of the movements, lurching and lateral deflections of said upper ends of rigid pipes, in case of sea agitated.
- the essential function of the plunging flexible pipes is to absorb at least in part the movements of the upper ends of rigid pipes to which one of their ends is connected and / or the floating support movements to which their other end is connected. by mechanically decoupling the respective movements of the upper ends of rigid pipes to which they are connected and floating supports to which they are also connected at their other end.
- first portions of said second flexible ducts extending between the floating support and said first float are situated above said first flexible ducts insofar as said first float is located above the upper end of said first one. rigid pipe to which is connected an end of said flexible pipe.
- a said flexible connecting pipe takes by its own weight the form of a plunging chain curve, that is to say falling well below its points hooked at each end with the support respectively. floating and the end upper of the rigid pipe to which it is connected, as long as the length of said flexible pipe is greater than the distance between its point of attachment to the floating support and the upper end of said rigid pipe to which it is connected.
- said first float preferably each said first float, supports at least two said second flexible conduits preferably passing through respectively at least two said troughs attached to the same said first float.
- said second rigid pipe consists of a second vertical riser, whose lower end is fixed to a second base anchored to the seabed and connected to a said second underwater pipe resting at the bottom of the sea and whose upper end is tensioned substantially vertically by a second float immersed in subsurface, preferably at least 50m deep, to which it is connected.
- the distance between the floating support and the closest of said second bases is greater than the distance between said floating support and the farthest of said first bases.
- said first floats are not located equidistant from the same flat edging of said floating support to which the ends of said first flexible pipes are connected, and preferably, said first floats are all equidistant from the point of intersection C 0 of said vertical planes Pi of said first flexible pipes hung on the same plating of said floating support, thus forming a first circular row Ri of said first floats.
- first floats are not all located substantially equidistant from said intersection point C 0 located beyond the edge of said floating support, this means that said first floats are not aligned with each other in a straight row parallel to the said flat edged.
- a plurality of said second floats preferably at least the majority of said second floats, are situated at approximately the same distance L 2 from the point of intersection C 0 of said vertical planes Pi of said first flexible pipes hung on the same bordered by said floating support with which said second floats are connected, thus forming a second circular row R 2 of said second floats.
- first floats and / or said second floats are arranged in an order including a circular row, then said first bases and / or said respective second bases are also arranged in the same order, in particular in a circular row the case applicable.
- second flexible pipe in connection with a second float or “second flexible pipe in connection with a second base”, that said second flexible pipe and said second float or so-called second base respectively belong to the same second connection base- area.
- the different said second floats in connection with the same said first float are not all located at the same distance from said first float and the different said second bases in connection with the same said first float, are not all located at the same distance from the point of hanging on the floating support of said second bottom-surface link corresponding.
- second float or second base in connection with the same first float that said second bottom-surface links comprising said second floats and / or said second bases comprise said second flexible pipes supported by the same said first float.
- said second floats form at least a second circular row R 2 of second floats and a second third circular row R ' 2 of second floats further away the 2 than said second circular row of second floats.
- said second bases form at least a second circular row of said second bases and a third circular row of said second bases further from the floating support than said second circular row of second bases.
- At least two said second flexible pipes passing through the same said first float are attached to chutes arranged at different heights on said first float.
- At least two said second flexible pipes passing through the same said first float are attached to chutes disposed on opposite sides of said first float.
- an installation according to the invention further comprises at least one nth bottom-surface bond, n being an integer at least equal to 3 comprising:
- an upright rigid duct consisting of a riser comprising an uth vertical riser or an nth rigid catenary duct of the SCR type, the lower end of which is connected to an nth underwater pipe resting at the bottom of the sea and whose upper end is tensioned by an nth submerged submerged buoyancy element, preferably an nth end float, immersed at least 100m deep to which it is connected, and
- each of said n-1 intermediate floats being preferably a tensioning float of at least one, preferably all, of the (nl) ths rigid conduits, respectively (nl) ths bottom-surface bonds.
- a second or nth rigid pipe is a catenary type pipe constituted by the end of a second or respectively nth underwater pipe resting at the bottom. from the sea up to the subsurface along a chain curve, essentially in a continuously variable curve to a said second or respectively nth end float.
- said second or nth end float at the top of a said second or nth rigid catenary-type pipe is integral and fixed rigidly to at least one other said second or nth float in connection with a said second or respectively nth vertical riser, the different second, respectively nth end floats rigidly fixed together being in connection with the same said first float or the same n-1 said intermediate floats.
- the term "rigidly fixed” means that said two second floats are secured to each other in their movements by a rigid connection, and in particular any degree of freedom in rotation or translation of one of said second floats relative to the other is removed in the manner of a recess.
- the installation according to the present invention thus has reduced bulk and movements and increased stability as described in WO 2007/023233.
- This system of arrangement and cooperation of two so-called second rigid pipes constituted by two so-called second vertical risers each with a so-called second clean float at the top of the independent anchors allows on the one hand to manufacture the entire installation at sea from a laying and driving vessel and to simplify their respective installation at sea and on the other hand gives them a stability in operation by the mutual attachment of their floats, with identical movements of only the upper ends and the second floats, the minimum distance respected from the ground support points or second bases, although reduced, also contributing to the stabilization movements at the head of second risers. This allows to bring the two second floats without risk of interception between the 2 second floats in their respective movements.
- At least two so-called second or respectively nth floats in connection with the same first float are fixed rigidly to each other and two said second or respective nth respective bases in connection with respectively said two second or nth end floats being spaced apart from each other by a distance sufficient to secure the reliability of the anchoring, in particular by a distance of at least 5 times, preferably at least 10 times the diameter of said anchors .
- said second closest bases are located at a distance from each other of at most 50 m, preferably 25 to 50 m.
- said bases comprise suction anchors driven into the seabed.
- the two second vertical risers are linked at their upper end but comprise different anchors and spaced from each other, so that, in case of differential expansion due to different temperatures in each of the two vertical risers, it results in a deformation of the triangle whose vertex is the set of two second floats and whose base formed by the substantially horizontal line connecting the two said second bases.
- the bottom-surface connection installation comprises a said second rigid pipe of the catenary type constituted by the end of a said second underwater pipe resting at the bottom of the sea going back up to in subsurface according to a chain curve essentially in a continuously variable curvature, up to a said second float.
- the point of support and ground contact substantially variable at the discretion of the movements of the upper part of said chain, from which said second catenary duct (or SCR) back in subsurface, stabilizes the base of said chain in a limited area and thus serves as a second base.
- said second float at the top of said second rigid catenary or SCR pipe is integral and rigidly attached to another second float in connection with another second rigid pipe, but vertical riser type on the one hand , the different second floats rigidly attached to each other being in connection with the same said first float.
- said second floats are fixed together by fixing means located at 2 points on each second float vertically distant so as to secure the respective movements of the second two floats, preferably fixing means located in 2 points close respectively to the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical containers constituting said second floats.
- the at least two so-called floats fixed together are inserted inside a peripheral screen of hydrodynamic shape, preferably cylindrical.
- the hooking points of said second flexible connection lines at the upper ends respectively of the second rigid pipes are located at different heights and preferably, said second flexible connection pipes have different lengths and curvatures.
- This configuration makes it possible to avoid the collision between the second flexible connection lines when they are animated by the effect of the swell, currents and / or the movement of the floating support.
- the hooking points of said second flexible connection pipes at the upper ends respectively of vertical risers and SCR-type rigid ducts are substantially at the same height and the second flexible ducts are of substantially the same length, of the same curvature. , and are connected to each other to be substantially integral with each other, so as to be subject, if necessary, to synchronous movements and to avoid any interference and shock between the second flexible pipes in case of motion related to the swell, currents and / or movements of the floating support.
- an installation according to the invention is characterized in that:
- one end of a second or nth flexible pipe is directly connected, preferably by a system of flanges, to the upper end of a second or respectively nth vertical riser, and
- the lower end of the second or ninth vertical riser comprises a terminal pipe element forming an inertial transition piece whose variation of inertia is such that the inertia of said terminal pipe element at its upper end is substantially identical to that of the pipe element of the running part of the second vertical riser to which it is connected, said inertia of the terminal pipe element gradually increasing to the lower end of said inertial transition piece, comprising a first fixing flange for fixing and embedding the lower end of said second or respectively nth vertical riser to a support and connection device secured to said second or respectively nth base anchored to the seabed, and an end portion of said second or respectively nth flexible pipe, on the side of its junction to the extr upper mity of said second or respectively nth riser, has a positive buoyancy, and at least the upper portion of the second or nth vertical riser also has a positive buoyancy, so that the positive buoyancy of said end portion of said second or nth flexible pipe and of said upper part of said second or
- said terminal portion of said second or n-th flexible conduit having positive buoyancy extends over a portion of the total length of said second or n-th flexible conduit, such as the portion of said second conduit extending between said first or second flexible conduit, respectively (nl) th float and the top of said second or respectively nth vertical riser has an S-shaped configuration, with a portion of the side of said first or (nl) th float having a concave curvature in the form of a chain with a plunging chain configuration and the remaining end portion of said second flexible pipe having a convex curvature in the form of a chain inverted by its positive buoyancy, the end of said end portion of said second or respectively nth flexible pipe, at the upper end of said second or respectively nnote riser, being located preferably above and substantially in alignment with the inclined axis Z X Z of said second riser at its upper end.
- vertical riser is used here to account for the substantially vertical theoretical position of the second or nth riser when the latter is at rest, provided that the axis of the second or nth riser can experience angular movements with respect to the vertical and move in a cone angle ⁇ 2 , the apex of which corresponds to the point of attachment of the lower end of the second or nth riser on said base.
- the upper end of said second or ninth vertical riser may be slightly curved. Therefore, the term “second or nth flexible pipe end portion substantially in alignment with the axis ⁇ of said second or nth upper riser” that the end of the inverted chain curve of said second or nth flexible pipe is substantially tangent at the end of said second or ninth vertical riser. In any case, in continuity of variation of curvature, that is to say without singular point, in the mathematical sense.
- inertia is meant here the moment of inertia of said inertial transition line element with respect to an axis perpendicular to the axis of said inertial transition conductor element, which reflects the bending stiffness in each planes perpendicular to the axis XX 'of symmetry of said pipe element, this moment of inertia being proportional to the product of the section of material by the square of its distance from said axis of the pipe element.
- the slope of the curve formed by the second or nth flexible pipe is such that the inclination of its tangent relative to the axis Z X Z of the upper part of said second or nth vertical riser increases continuously and progressively since the connection point between the upper end of the second or nth vertical riser and the end of said end portion of the second or nth flexible positive buoyancy pipe, no inflection point and no bend inversion point.
- the installation according to the present invention thus makes it possible to prevent the tensioning of the second or nth vertical riser by a second or nth surface or subsurface float, to which its upper end would be suspended, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to avoid the connection to said second or nth flexible pipe plunging via a device of gooseneck type.
- this type of installation confers increased stability in terms of angular variation (y 2 ) of the angle of excursion of the upper end of the second or nth vertical riser relative to a theoretical position of vertical rest, because this angular variation is reduced in practice to a maximum angle not exceeding 5 °, in practice of the order of 1 to 4 ° with the installation according to the invention, whereas, in the embodiments of the prior art, the angular excursion could reach 5 to 10 ° or more.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that, due to this small angular variation of the upper end of the second or nth vertical riser, it is possible to implement, at its lower end, a rigid recess on a second or nth base resting at the bottom of the sea, without having recourse to a transition piece of inertia of dimension too important and therefore too expensive. It is therefore possible to avoid the implementation of a flexible hinge, in particular of the spherical flexible ball type, provided that the junction between the lower end of the second or nth riser and said recess comprises an inertial transition piece .
- the positive buoyancy of the second or nth riser and the second or nth flexible pipe can be made in a known manner by coaxial peripheral floats surrounding said pipes, or, preferably, with respect to the second or nth rigid pipe of the vertical riser, a coating of positive buoyancy material, preferably also constituting an insulating material, such as syntactic foam, in the form of a shell enclosing said pipe.
- Such buoyancy elements resistant to very high pressures that is to say at pressures of about lOMPa per 1000m of water, are known to those skilled in the art and are available from the BALMORAL company (UK).
- the positive buoyancy will be distributed evenly and uniformly over the entire length of said end portion 10a of the second or n-th flexible pipe and at least said upper portion 9b of said second or n-th rigid pipe.
- said end portion of the second or n-th flexible pipe having a positive buoyancy extends over a length of 30 to 60% of the length of the portion of second or nth flexible pipe extending between the first float and the upper end of the second or nth vertical riser, preferably about half this portion length second or nth flexible pipe.
- an installation according to the invention is characterized in that:
- said second or respectively nth vertical riser is connected at its lower end to at least a second or respectively nth underwater line resting at the bottom of the sea
- said second or ninth underwater line lying at the bottom of the sea comprises a first rigid elbow pipe element secured to said second or nth base resting at the bottom of the sea and said first rigid elbow pipe element is fixedly held relative to said second or nth base, with at its end a first connecting element part, preferably a male or female element of an automatic connector, and said first fastening flange at the lower end of said inertial transition piece is fixed to a second fastening flange at the end of a second rigid elbow pipe element secured to said fixed support and connection device; on said second or n-base and rigidly and rigidly supporting said second bent rigid pipe element, whose other end comprises a second connecting element part complementary to said first connecting element part and connected to it when said support and connection device is attached to said base.
- first rigid pipe element terminating said second or nth underwater pipe resting at the bottom of the sea with respect to said second or nth base, and the static geometry of said first and second pipe elements.
- said first end pipe member of said bottom-lying pipe may preferably also be bent to coincide with the end of said second bent rigid pipe member and allow easy connection by a underwater automaton type ROV at the bottom of the sea.
- the subject of the present invention is a method for operating a petroleum field using at least one installation according to the invention in which fluids are transferred between a floating support and ducts under -marines resting at the bottom of the sea, fluids comprising oil, preferably a plurality of said installations, in particular from 3 to 20 said installations according to the invention connected to the same floating support.
- connection elements including the type automatic connectors, comprising the lock between a male part and a complementary female part, this lock being designed to be very simply at the bottom of the sea using a ROV, robot controlled from the surface, without requiring direct manual intervention of personnel.
- FIG. 1 is a view from above of a fan-base bottom-fan connection installation according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a side view of two of the second bottom-surface bonds of the second bond-bonding group G3 of the bottom-surface links of FIG. 1.
- Figure 2A is a sectional view along the XOZ plane of a said first float of said first bottom-surface connection of Figure 2 showing the passage of the three second flexible pipes.
- FIG. 3 is a side view in the ZOY plane of the background-surface bond group G1 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3A is a view in the XOZ plane of vertical risers tensioned at their upper end by floats rigidly fixed to one another and only one of which is shown in the side view of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 3B is an alternative embodiment of the trunking arrangement for the first float of Figure 3.
- FIG. 4 is a variant of FIG. 2 in which the second bottom-surface connection does not comprise said second head float, but a second buoyancy element consisting of a distributed buoyancy along the end portion of the second conduit. flexible link connected to the upper part of the second rigid pipe.
- FIG. 1 there is shown in plan view a floating support 1, anchored by twelve rows of anchors and having on its side a structure lb integral with the edge of said floating support.
- Said structure 1b supports a plurality of connection interfaces 2.2-1 to 2-8 which are connected to a plurality of first flexible conduits 3a-1 to 3a-8 and second flexible lines 4a-1 to 4a-11 being part of first and second bottom-surface bonds 3-1 to 3-8 and 4-1 to 4-11, respectively.
- These pipes are mainly flexible pipes intended to convey crude oil, gas, or water that is injected into certain wells of the oil field. These pipes may be supplemented by umbilicals intended to control wellheads and other underwater equipment, or electric cables to provide power, for example to pumps or submarine valves.
- Said first floats are all spaced apart from each other by the same distance ⁇ _ ⁇ and are all situated at equal distance Li from the point of intersection C 0 of the vertical planes Pi of said first flexible pipes hung on the same plating of said floating support, thus forming a first circular row Ri of said first floats.
- first floats 3c-3,3c-5 and 3c-6 each support three so-called second flexible ducts passing through respectively three chutes fixed to each of said first floats, namely:
- Two of said second floats 4c-7 and 4c-9 form a third circular row R ' 2 of second floats farther away L' 2 than said second circular row of second floats.
- the two portions 4a '-j and 4a "-j second flexible pipes in connection with said second floats or said second bases are not necessarily located in the same vertical plane relative to each other and the second plunging portion of second flexible pipe 4a -j will pass through a vertical plane forming an angle diverging or converging with the vertical plane in which extends the first portion of second flexible pipe 4a'-j passing through a chute fixed on the same face of said same first float.
- a said second rigid pipe 4b-2 is a catenary type pipe or SCR formed by the end of a second underwater pipe 4e-2 resting at the bottom of the sea up to the subsurface along a chain curve, essentially according to a continuously variable curve to a said second terminal float 4c-2.
- Said second end float 4c-2 at the top of said second catenary-type rigid pipe 4b-2 is secured to and rigidly attached to said two second floats 4c-1 and 4c-3 in connection with the two vertical risers 4b-1 and 4b-2.
- Said second flexible pipes 4a-1, 4a-2 and 4a-3 pass through said first float 3c-3 on a chute 6a, 6b, 6c fixed above the chute 6a supporting the flexible pipe 4a-1, the latter being at the same level and on the face opposite the chute 6b of the other two second pipes 4a-1 and 4a-3.
- the different bottom-surface connections are installed along the edge of the floating support fan, which allows to increase the number of the fact that the connection interfaces between said second Flexible pipes and said second rigid pipes are farther away L 2 from the floating support than the connection interfaces between the first flexible pipes and the first rigid pipes situated at a distance l_i from the floating support.
- the axis of a corridor is distant from the axis of the neighboring corridor: of a length I, at the level of the interface supports 2b-2c between the flexible pipes and the floating support 2 , and
- the axes of said corridors extend in the vertical plane Pi containing the first flexible pipes and two corridor axes consecutive pass through the planes Pi and Pi + 1 spaced an angle ai, the different angles ai here being all of the same value, of the order of 5 to 10 °.
- the angle a'i of the angular sector of a corridor is less than or equal to the value of the angles ai between two axes of consecutive corridors.
- the angle of angular displacement a'i has the same vertex C 0 as the angle ai between two planes Pi and Pi + 1.
- the angle a'i has a bisector passing through said plane Pi.
- a ' i depends on the angular deflection angles ⁇ of the first rigid pipes or first vertical risers 3 bi with respect to their anchoring point at the bottom of the sea in a vertical plane XOZ or XOY and the height of said first rigid pipe or riser vertical 3 bi and / or water level under said first float 3ci, for a height h of first float of 1000 to 3500 m.
- ⁇ less than 5 °, preferably from 3 to 5 °, to implement spacings of first floats such that the angles ⁇ 1 have a value of 5 to 10 °.
- Some second floats 4c-7,4c-9 and connection interfaces between second flexible pipes and second rigid pipes are connected to a third row R ' 2 similar to the second row R 2 , but slightly outwardly shifted, so as to increasing the distance between two neighboring second floats to reach a distance 13 as shown on the second link group G3 in Fig. 1, further increasing the safety distance from the dreaded impacts and interferences between the various second floats and various second flexible pipes.
- FIG. 2 shows in side view 2 second connections, namely 4-7 and 4-8 of the group G3 of the second bottom-surface connection of FIG. 1.
- a first ground-surface connection 3-6 consisting of a rigid riser 3b-6 connected to a first base 3d-6, for example a suction anchor, via a flexible mechanical connection capable of taking up the vertical traction forces created by the float 3c- 6 in solidarity with the upper end of said riser by means of a chain 5a.
- the riser 3b-6 is connected in a known manner, using a gooseneck device 8, at its upper end 3b ', and at its lower end to a first submarine pipe 3e-6 resting at the bottom. from the sea 12, via an S-shaped junction conduit 5c.
- FIG. 2A which is a side view along the axis YY 'of the first float 3c-6, the latter comprises three main chutes 6a-6b-6c intended to support said second flexible pipes 4a-7,4a. 8 and 4a-9, and a fourth smaller chute 6d for supporting electrical cables or various other umbilicals to reach the second row R 2 .
- the different chutes 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d are supported by a support structure 6-1.
- the two second pipes 4a-7 and 4a-8 shown in FIG. 2 are arranged on the two troughs 6a, 6c juxtaposed on the same face 7a of the float, the second flexible pipe 4a-9, not shown in FIG. FIG. 2A passing on the chute 6b on the diametrically opposite face 7b of the float 3c-6.
- FIGS. 3, 3A and 3B there is shown in side view the group G1 of the second bonds 4-1, 4, 2,4-3 of FIG. 1 in connection with the first bottom-surface bond 3-3. wherein in the second row R2, there are three second floats 4c-1, 4c-2 and 4c-3 interconnected as previously described.
- the two risers 4b-1, 4b-3 in FIG. 3A together form an angle ⁇ of 1 to 10 ° by the spacing L4 of their bases 4d-1, 4d-3.
- ⁇ 1 to 10 ° by the spacing L4 of their bases 4d-1, 4d-3.
- the first rigid pipes of the first bottom-surface connections 3 can take a slope that is positive or negative depending on the effects of the swell, the current and the wind on the floating support and on each of the first floats, the dimensions of which are considerable.
- FIG. 1 shows grouping variants of a plurality of second bottom-surface bonds, as follows:
- the three second floats 4c-4,4c-5 and 4c-6 are substantially regularly spaced apart from one another on the second row R2 because the second flexible pipe 4a-5 is deflected in its second portion 4a-5 after passage of the chute 6 on the first float 3c-5.
- the second flexible pipe 4a-6 extends substantially in the same plane Pb for these two portions 4a'6 and 4a-6.
- second additional bottom-surface connections can be installed, in particular connection interfaces between the second flexible pipes and second rigid pipes arranged at rows R 2 or R ' 2 , and passing second flexible pipes at the free ducts of the first floats 3c-1, 3c-2,3c-4,3c-7 and 3c-8 .
- the first row Ri and the second row R 2 have been described as circles of center C 0 . But it is clear that the purpose of the invention is to physically separate from each other the connection interfaces of the bottom-surface connections of the same row Ri or R 2 -R ' 2 , any rectilinear or curvilinear arrangement can be adopted for each of those rows. Similarly, it is understood that one can advantageously consider additional rows to arrange the second floats.
- FIG. 4 there is shown an alternative embodiment in which the second rigid duct or second vertical riser 4b is tensioned not by a second float, but by a second buoyancy element consisting of an end portion 10a of the portion flexible pipe extending from the first float 3c to the upper end 4b 'of the vertical riser 4b.
- the second buoyancy element is not a float, but a portion of flexible pipe of positive buoyancy is described in the patent application on behalf of the applicant FR-2930587 filed April 24, 2008. More specifically, the portion 10 of the second flexible connecting pipe 4a extending from the first float 3c to the upper end 4b 'of the vertical riser 4b comprises:
- a first concave part 10b, 4a up to a substantially median point of inflection 10f, approximately half of the flexible pipe portion 10, in the form of a pipe in a plunging-pit configuration due to its negative buoyancy.
- a convex terminal portion 10a extending from the central inflection point 10f to the end 10c of the second pipe flexible, has a positive buoyancy by a plurality of floats lOd, preferably evenly spaced along and around the convex end portion 10a of the flexible pipe.
- the rigid steel rising pipe or "vertical riser” 4b is equipped with buoyancy means, not shown, such as semi-shells of syntactic foam distributed preferably uniformly over all or part of the length of said rigid pipe, and comprising at its lower end an inertia transition piece 14 equipped with a first fastening flange 14a at its lower end.
- the first fastening flange 14a is fixed on a second fastening flange 15a constituting the upper part of a support and connection device 15, itself anchored on a pile 16 integral with the base 4d resting at the bottom of the sea. 12, said support device and connection 15 for connecting the lower end of the riser 4 to a 4th pipe resting at the bottom of the sea, as explained below.
- the flexible pipe portion 10 has a variation of continuous curvature, first concave in the plunge chain configuration portion 10b, and then convex in the positive buoyancy end portion 10a with a point of inflection 10f between the two, thereby forming a S disposed in a substantially vertical plane.
- the advantage of this flexible pipe is to allow its initial portion 10b plunging to dampen the excursions of the first risers 3b and floating support 1 so as to stabilize the end 10c of the flexible pipe connected to the second rigid pipe rising 4b .
- the end of the portion of the floating end portion 10c of the flexible pipe carries a first fastening flange member 13 with the upper end of a rigid pipe extending from the seabed recessed at a 4d base resting at the bottom of the sea.
- the vertical riser 4b is "tensioned" on the one hand by the buoyancy of the end portion 10a of the flexible pipe, but on the other hand and above all by floats regularly distributed at least over the upper part 4b ', preferably all along the rigid pipe, especially in the form of syntactic foam advantageously acting as both an insulation and buoyancy system.
- floats and this syntactic foam can be distributed along and around the rigid pipe over its entire length or, preferably, only on a portion of its upper part.
- the base 4d if it is at a depth of 2500 meters, it can be limited to coating the rigid pipe 4b of syntactic foam over a length of 1000 m from its upper end, which allows to implement a syntactic foam that must withstand less pressure than if it had to withstand pressures up to 2500 m, and therefore a radically reduced cost compared to a syntactic foam to withstand said depth of 2500 m.
- the rigid pipe 4b according to the invention is therefore “tensioned" by a said second buoyancy element consisting in the convex end portion with positive buoyancy of said flexible pipe, but without implementation of a float surface or subsurface as in the prior art, which limits the effects of the current and the swell, and thus drastically reduces the excursion of the upper part of the vertical riser and therefore the efforts at the bottom of riser at the recess.
- the fastening flange system 13 between the upper end of the vertical riser 4b and the flexible pipe 4a, and the connection of the fastening flanges 14a, 15a between the lower end to the inertia transition piece 14 and the support connection make sealed connections between the relevant conduits.
- the base 4d resting at the bottom of the sea supports a first curved or curved end pipe element 5b of said underwater pipe 4c resting at the bottom of the sea.
- This first curved or curved end pipe element 5b comprises at its end a first male or female part of an automatic connector 15b, which is disengaged laterally with respect to an orifice 16a and pile 16 passing through said base, but positioned in a fixed manner and determined with respect to the axis ZZ 'of said pile.
- the support and connection device 15 supports a second rigid elbow pipe element 5b having at its upper end said second attachment flange 15a and at its lower end, a second complementary female or male portion of an automatic connector 15b.
- the support and connection device 15 consists of structural elements supporting said second rigid bent pipe element 5b, said rigid structure elements also ensuring the connection between said second attachment flange 15a and a lower support plate 15d supporting face a tubular pile 16 called tubular anchoring insert.
- the fixing system of the upper end of the rigid pipe 4b with the flexible pipe 4a, 10 and the tensioning of said pipes gives greater stability to the upper end of the rigid pipe 4b with an angular variation ⁇ not exceeding operation at 5 ° C.
- the lower end pipe element of the rigid pipe 4b comprises a conical transition piece 14 whose inertia in cross section increases gradually from a value substantially identical to the inertia of the pipe element of the riser 4b to which it is connected, in the tapered upper part of the transition piece 14, to a value 3 to 10 times greater than the level of its lower part connected to said first fastening flange 14a.
- inertia The coefficient of variation of inertia essentially depends on the bending moment that the vertical riser must bear at said transition piece, said moment being a function of the maximum excursion of the upper part of the rigid steel pipe 4b, thus of the angle ⁇ .
- transition piece 14 To achieve this transition piece 14 is used high yield strength steels and in extreme cases of stress, it may be necessary to manufacture transition parts 14 of titanium.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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BR112012011697A BR112012011697B1 (pt) | 2009-11-17 | 2010-10-15 | instalação de ligações fundo-superfície dispostas em leque |
EP10785475.4A EP2501889B1 (fr) | 2009-11-17 | 2010-10-15 | Installation de liaisons fond-surface disposees en eventail |
US13/510,380 US8647019B2 (en) | 2009-11-17 | 2010-10-15 | Facility having fanned seabed-to-surface connections |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0958096A FR2952671B1 (fr) | 2009-11-17 | 2009-11-17 | Installation de liaisons fond-surface disposees en eventail |
FR0958096 | 2009-11-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011061422A1 true WO2011061422A1 (fr) | 2011-05-26 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2010/052197 WO2011061422A1 (fr) | 2009-11-17 | 2010-10-15 | Installation de liaisons fond-surface disposees en eventail |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8647019B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2501889B1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112012011697B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2952671B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011061422A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
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FR2983233A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-05-31 | Saipem Sa | Installation de liaisons fond-surface flexibles multiples sur au moins deux niveaux |
WO2014170615A1 (fr) | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-23 | Saipem S.A. | Support flottant ancré sur touret comprenant une conduite de guidage et de déport de conduite flexible au sein dudit touret |
WO2014184480A1 (fr) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-20 | Saipem S.A. | Dispositif d'ancrage d'un support de goulottes d'une installation fond-surface |
RU2574892C1 (ru) * | 2011-11-30 | 2016-02-10 | Саипем С.А. | Установка с множеством гибких соединений "дно-поверхность", расположенных на, по меньшей мере, двух уровнях |
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FR2971322B1 (fr) | 2011-02-03 | 2014-05-02 | Saipem Sa | Limiteur de courbure de ligne flexible sous-marine et installation de liaison fond-surface en comprenant |
US10378331B2 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2019-08-13 | Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited | Monitoring integrity of a riser pipe network |
GB2504695B (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2018-05-30 | Statoil Petroleum As | Subsea processing |
JP7098336B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-17 | 2022-07-11 | 千代田化工建設株式会社 | 係留システム及び係留システムの製造方法 |
GB2586725B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2022-06-08 | Odebrecht Oleo E Gas S A | Composite material riser and flowline connection system applicable to hybrid riser, and its construction method |
JP2023033658A (ja) * | 2020-02-19 | 2023-03-13 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 浮体装置およびケーブル布設構造 |
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FR2826051A1 (fr) * | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-20 | Bouygues Offshore | Installation de liaison fond-surface d'une conduite sous-marine reliee a un riser par au moins un element de conduite flexible maintenu par une embase |
WO2002103153A1 (fr) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-27 | Saipem Sa | Installation de liaison d'une conduite sous-marine reliee a un riser |
US6688348B2 (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2004-02-10 | Fmc Technologies, Inc. | Submerged flowline termination buoy with direct connection to shuttle tanker |
FR2839110A1 (fr) * | 2002-04-29 | 2003-10-31 | Technip Coflexip | Systeme de colonne montante reliant une installation sous-marine fixe a une unite de surface flottante |
WO2003102350A2 (fr) | 2002-05-30 | 2003-12-11 | Gray Eot, Inc. | Appareil de connexion et de deconnexion de tige de forage |
WO2007023233A1 (fr) | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-01 | Saipem S.A. | Installation comprenant au moins deux liaisons fond-surface d’au moins deux conduites sous-marines reposant au fond de la mer. |
FR2890098A1 (fr) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-02 | Saipem S A Sa | Installation comprenant au moins deux liaisons fond-surface d'au moins deux conduites sous-marines reposant au fond de la mer |
US20080311804A1 (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-18 | Christian Bauduin | Disconnectable riser-mooring system |
FR2930587A1 (fr) | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-30 | Saipem S A Sa | Installation de liaison fond-surface d'une conduite rigide avec une conduite flexible a flottabilite positive et une piece de transition d'inertie |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2983233A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-05-31 | Saipem Sa | Installation de liaisons fond-surface flexibles multiples sur au moins deux niveaux |
WO2013079857A1 (fr) | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-06 | Saipem S.A. | Installation de liaisons fond-surface flexibles multiples sur au moins deux niveaux |
CN103958819A (zh) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-07-30 | 塞佩姆股份公司 | 包括至少两个水平高度的多重柔性海底到海面连接装置 |
AU2012343668B2 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-08-20 | Saipem S.A. | Multiple flexible seafloor-surface linking apparatus comprising at least two levels |
AU2012343668C1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-12-03 | Saipem S.A. | Multiple flexible seafloor-surface linking apparatus comprising at least two levels |
RU2574892C1 (ru) * | 2011-11-30 | 2016-02-10 | Саипем С.А. | Установка с множеством гибких соединений "дно-поверхность", расположенных на, по меньшей мере, двух уровнях |
US9518682B2 (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2016-12-13 | Saipem S.A. | Multiple flexible seafloor-surface linking apparatus comprising at least two levels |
WO2014170615A1 (fr) | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-23 | Saipem S.A. | Support flottant ancré sur touret comprenant une conduite de guidage et de déport de conduite flexible au sein dudit touret |
WO2014184480A1 (fr) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-20 | Saipem S.A. | Dispositif d'ancrage d'un support de goulottes d'une installation fond-surface |
US9702109B2 (en) | 2013-05-13 | 2017-07-11 | Saipem S.A. | Device for anchoring a raceway mounting of a seabed-to-surface facility |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8647019B2 (en) | 2014-02-11 |
US20120230770A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
BR112012011697A2 (pt) | 2018-03-27 |
FR2952671B1 (fr) | 2011-12-09 |
FR2952671A1 (fr) | 2011-05-20 |
EP2501889B1 (fr) | 2013-08-07 |
EP2501889A1 (fr) | 2012-09-26 |
BR112012011697B1 (pt) | 2019-12-03 |
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