WO2011054817A1 - Carburants, leurs procédés de fabrication et additifs destinés à être utilisés dans des carburants - Google Patents

Carburants, leurs procédés de fabrication et additifs destinés à être utilisés dans des carburants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011054817A1
WO2011054817A1 PCT/EP2010/066632 EP2010066632W WO2011054817A1 WO 2011054817 A1 WO2011054817 A1 WO 2011054817A1 EP 2010066632 W EP2010066632 W EP 2010066632W WO 2011054817 A1 WO2011054817 A1 WO 2011054817A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alkyl amine
amine ethoxylate
emulsion
water
succinic anhydride
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/066632
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English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Francis Psaila
Patrick Grimes
Original Assignee
Alternative Petroleum Technologies Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alternative Petroleum Technologies Sa filed Critical Alternative Petroleum Technologies Sa
Priority to EP10776643A priority Critical patent/EP2496670A1/fr
Priority to US13/508,358 priority patent/US20120216447A1/en
Priority to JP2012537369A priority patent/JP2013510205A/ja
Publication of WO2011054817A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011054817A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
    • C09K23/017—Mixtures of compounds
    • C09K23/018—Mixtures of two or more different organic oxygen-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to emulsion fuels, methods for making them, additives for use in fuels and the use of additives in fuels.
  • Diesel fuel is a mixture of various paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons with a carbon number of between 10 and 22. Diesel fuel also contains small quantities of organic compounds containing sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen. There are various grades of diesel tailored to suit different applications from on- and off-highway transport engines, open flame boilers, and turbine fuels. Conventional diesel is therefore oleophilic and nonpolar.
  • EEFMA European Emulsion Fuels Manufacturers Association
  • Biodiesel is also known.
  • Biodiesel is a fatty acid alkyl ester.
  • the fatty acid functionality typically comprises a mixture of C 18 fatty acids such stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acids. Other fatty acids may also be present.
  • the ester functionality is usually methyl on cost grounds but other esters such as ethyl, iso-propyl and butyl have been used.
  • the fatty acid alkyl ester may be used as fuel alone or blended with conventional diesel to give fuels such as B20 and B50 which contain 20 and 50 vol% biofuel respectively.
  • Fatty acid methyl ester is sometimes referred to as FAME.
  • Fatty acid ethyl ester is sometimes referred to as FAEE.
  • the fatty acid ester is polar with a hydrophilic -COOR head and an oleophilic alkyl tails. Accordingly the fatty acid ester will have a significant effect on the oil/water interface.
  • Surfactants such as fatty amine ethoxylates (such as those derived from coco fatty acids) and polyz ' sobutylene succinate which give good emulsion stability in water in conventional diesel emulsions do not perform as well in fuels containing biodiesel.
  • a mixture of fatty acid amine ethoxylates together with a poly/ ' iObutylene succinic anhydride emulsifier obtainable by reacting a polyzsobutylene succinic anhydride ("PIBSA") containing at least 65mol%, more preferably at least 70mol% yet more preferably at least 80mol% still more preferably at least 85mol% vinylidene content with a tertiary alkanolamine can stabilise emulsions containing biodiesel.
  • the PIBSA is sometimes known as a highly reactive polyisobutylene or "HR-PIB" from Texas Petrochemicals LP.
  • the preparation of such polymers is known from US 4 152 499 and US 7 037 999. They are commercially available for example as Glissopal® from BASF TPC Isobutenes from Texas Petrochemicals and ULtravis®.
  • a water in oil emulsion comprising:
  • the diesel fuel can comprise 5 to 50vol% biodiesel.
  • the alkyl amine ethoxylate can comprises a mixture of polyoxyethylene tallow amine and polyoxyethylene coco amine.
  • the tertiary alkanolamine can be diethylethanolamine.
  • the emulsion can further comprise 0.01 to 0.1 wt% ammonium nitrate.
  • the emulsion can further comprise a cetane improver such as 2- ethylhexylnitrate.
  • the emulsion can further comprise ethylene glycol for example such that the ratio of ethylene glycol to water is in the range 1 :3 to 1 :13.
  • the invention further provides the use of alkyl amine ethoxylate comprising at least 25wt% do to d 4 alkyl amine ethoxylate and at least 25wt% Ci 6 to C ⁇ % alkyl amine ethoxylate, and the product obtainable by reacting a polyisobutylene succinic anhydride of molecular weight 900 to 2600 with 1 to 2 moles of a tertiary
  • alkanolamine per mole of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in stabilizing water in oil emulsions comprising dies el fuel.
  • the invention still further provides a composition
  • a composition comprising 1 to 500 parts by weight alkyl amine ethoxylate at least 25wt% of the alkyl amine ethoxylate being Cto to Ci 4 alkyl amine ethoxylate and at least 25wt% of the alkyl amine ethoxylate being Cj6 to Cis alkyl amine ethoxylate; and 3 to 100 parts by weight of the product obtainable by reacting a polyisobutylene succinic anhydride adduct of molecular weight 900 to 2600 with 1 to 2 moles of a tertiary alkanolamine per mole of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.
  • the above composition can be used to stabilise a water in oil emulsion comprising 70 to 99 parts by weight diesel fuel and 5 to 30 parts by weight water.
  • the invention yet further provides a method of making an emulsion comprising blending a) 70 to 99wt% diesel fuel said diesel fuel comprising 0 to 50vol% biodiesel; b) 0.5 to 30wt% water;
  • the fuel base generally contains 5 to 50vol% for example 5 to 1 lvol% of biodiesel such as fatty acid methyl ester. Typically the biodiesel conforms to
  • the biodiesel and diesel blend may conform to EN590.
  • the fuel base may comprise 70 to 99wt%, such as 80 to 95wt% for example
  • Water preferably deionised water, comprises 0.5 to 30wt%, such as 5 to 25wt% for example 12 to 15wt% of the fuel.
  • the fuel further comprises 0.01 to 5wt% for example 0.03 to 3wt% such as 0.1 to 2wt% alkyl amine ethoxylate surfactant.
  • the fuel comprises 0.03 tol% alkyl amine ethoxylate surfactant.
  • At least 25wt% for example at least 35wt% such as at least 40wt% of the alkyl amine ethoxylate surfactant is Cio to C 14 alkyl amine ethoxylate surfactant.
  • At least 25wt% for example at least 35wt% such as at least 40wt% of the alkyl amine ethoxylate surfactant is Ci 6 to C[ 8 alkyl amine ethoxylate surfactant.
  • the amine can be a monoamine or a diamine or a mixture thereof.
  • each mole of functionality amine is reacted with 3 to 8 preferably 4 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • Cio to C 14 alkyl amine ethoxylate surfactant it is meant that at least 25% of the alkyl amine ethoxylate has a hydrocarbon chain containing at Cio to CM carbon atoms. Mixtures of Cio to Q 4 hydrocarbon chains to make up the requisite amount fall within the definition.
  • Cio to Q 4 hydrocarbon chains to make up the requisite amount fall within the definition.
  • Ci 6 to Ci 8 alkyl amine et oxylate surfactant it is meant that at least 25% of the alkyl amine ethoxylate has a hydrocarbon chain containing at C 16 to Cfs carbon atoms. Mixtures of Ci 6 to C s hydrocarbon chains to make up the requisite amount fall within the definition.
  • the hydrocarbon chains may be saturated or unsaturated or mixtures thereof but the term alkyl is used in respect of all.
  • the alkyl amine ethoxylate will generally be derived from plant or animal sources. Few, if any, commercially available plant or animal sources of fatty acids have the desired chain length profile and mixtures of them will therefore generally be used. In general the alkyl chain will not be subjected to hydrogenation but it may be hydro genated.
  • coconut oil typically contains a large proportion of esters of capric, lauric and myristic acid. Palm kernel oil typically contains large amounts of esters of lauric and myristic acid. These oils either alone or in mixture can comprise a source of fatty acid for the Cio to Ci 4 alkyl amine ethoxylate surfactant.
  • An example of a Cjo to Ci alkyl amine ethoxylate containing surfactant is Ethomeen® C/15. This is a monoamine ethoxylated with 5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine functionality.
  • Tallow, canola, olive, palm, soybean and sunflower oils are each good sources of fatty acids in the C 16 to C
  • Ci 6 to C [ 8 alkyl amine ethoxylate containing surfactants are Ethomeen® T/15 and SV/15 which are respectively tallow and soybean based. Each are monoamines ethoxylated with 5 moles of ethylene oxide. Another example this time a tallow diamine with three moles of ethylene oxide is Ethoduomeen®. These products are produced by Akzo Nobel.
  • the fuel yet further comprises a PIBSA derived emulsifier.
  • the PIBSA from which the emulsifier is made contains at least 70mol% vinylidene and has a number average molecular weight in the range 900 to 2 600 such as 1 400 to 2 000 especially about 1 300.
  • the PIBSA of molecular weight 900 to 2 600 is obtained by blending two or more PIBSAs.
  • PIBSA of molecular weight 1 300 can be achieved by blending a mixture of 65 parts by weight of material having molecular weight of 950 with 35 parts by weight of material having molecular weight of 2 350
  • the PIBSA is further reacted with between one and two molar equivalents of a tertiary alkanolamine or mixture of tertiary alkanol amines.
  • Tertiary alkanolamines include dimethylethanolamine and diethylethanolamine.
  • the PIBSA is mainly in the form of monosuccinate. Less than 30 mol % preferably less than 20mol% of the PIBSA is in the form of the disuccinate.
  • the emulsifier is present in an amount ranging from 0.03 to lwt% for example 0.05 to 0.5wt% such as 0.1 to 0.3wt%.
  • the aqueous phase may contain a water soluble additive.
  • a water soluble additive for example is ammonium nitrate which acts as an emulsion stabiliser.
  • Ammonium nitrate where present may be used in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 wt% preferably 0.04 to
  • Cetane improvers may be used.
  • Examples of cetane improvers are alkyl nitrates such as 2-ethylhexyl nitrate and alkyl peroxides such as di /er/-butyl peroxide. If present preferably 2-ethylhexyl nitrate is used. Typically 2 000 to 8 OOOppm of cetane improver is used.
  • Antifreeze chemicals can also be used. Typically they are used to suppress the freezing point of water to -15°C or less. Examples of antifreezes are ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. Typically where present and depending on the ambient temperatures to which the fuel will be exposed the mass ratio of glycol to water is in the range 1 :3 to 1 :13.
  • the additives can be mixed together for example by dissolving in a
  • hydrocarbon such as an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon or mixture thereof solvent.
  • the water, fuel base and additive mixture can be mixed and emulsified in
  • Optical microscopic examination of the emulsion using 400x magnification with a calibrated graticule for sizing of individual particles is routinely carried out to evaluate subjectively the size and population of the larger droplets.
  • Phase contrast and polarised light microscopy can assist in determining the presence of multiple emulsion and similar phenomena. Capturing images is also a useful facility.
  • Microscopy has the advantage of enabling the viewing of the undiluted emulsion. However it views only a drop and care needs to be exercised to ensure that the drop is representative of the bulk. Skilled microscopy can differential and rank various emulsions in order of size distribution accurately. Microscopy is not able to clearly resolve particles below 0.5 ⁇ .
  • a comparative system for ranking emulsions into categories can be useful.
  • the centrifuge test can accelerate the sedimentation process but it cannot be used to predict the aging of the surfactants.
  • the centrifuge test has been modified in order to characterise in detail the robustness of the emulsion by measuring the sediment formed after 5, 15, 25 and 35 minutes of centrifuge.
  • a storage stability test which involves placing a sample (usually 100 a tall, clear glass, flat bottomed seal tube and standing in the dark for up to 3 months, without agitation and at ambient temperature ( ⁇ 20°C). Periodically (typically after 1, 3, 7 days, 2, 3, 4 weeks, 2 and 3 months) the tubes are examined carefully. Observations are made for (a) signs of 'free 5 water; droplets or layers formed at the bottom of the tubes; (b) the volume of 'white' sediment band formed at the bottom of the tube which is measured with a ruler and expressed as a % of the total height of the fluid in the tube; (c) the volume of 'clear oil' formed at the top of the sample. This is also expressed as a % volume.
  • a CoulterTM LS 13 320 was used to measures particle size distributions by measuring the pattern of light scattered by the particles in the sample. It uses a 5 mW laser diode with a wavelength of 750 nm (or 780 nm) as the main illumination source with a secondary tungsten- halogen light source for the Polarization Intensity Differential Scattering (PIDS) system. The light from the tungsten-halogen lamp is projected through a set of filters which transmit three wavelengths (450 nm, 600 nm, and 900 nm) through two orthogonally oriented polarizers at each wavelength.
  • PIDS Polarization Intensity Differential Scattering
  • the PIDS assembly provides the primary size information for particles in the 0.04 ⁇ to 0.4 ⁇ range. It also enhances the resolution of the particle size distributions up to 0.8 ⁇ .
  • the combined PIDS and laser assembly enables size distribution from 0.04 microns to 2000 microns to be observed.
  • the emulsion was allowed to cool for two hours before centrifuge and particle size analyses were carried out. Changes in particle size were monitored for up to 3 months. Storage stability samples were set aside and observations of sediment, free water and clear oily layer were earned out over a 3 month period.
  • Surfactant formulations BA1 to BA4 were made by mixing together the components set forth in Table 1. Amounts are given in wt%
  • Isopar® M is a isoparaffinic hydrocarbon available from ExxonMobil.
  • Ethoduomeen® and Ethomeen® are amine ethoxylates . They are available from Akzo Nobel. As hereinbefore noted the C/15 contains a significant proportion of CJO to Ci4 alkyl units and the T/13, SV/15 and T/15 contain significant proportions of Ci 6 to C] 8 alkyl units.
  • PIBSAa is a 1 :2 mole ratio salt of a high vinylidene PIBSA of molecular weight 1000 with diethylethanolamine "DEEA".
  • Emulsions were prepared with the four additives BAl, 2, 3, and 4. In all cases the water content of the emulsions was 13wt%.
  • the additive treat rate was 2wt% and 2.5wt%.
  • the base fuel was US #2 diesel a conventional fuel obtained from a commercial outlet.
  • Additive BA8 was then optimized for concentration of surfactant and amount of ammonium nitrate.
  • the additive compositions shown in Table 6 were prepared
  • PIBSAb is a similar product to PIBSAa.
  • the PIBSAb product is based on the 2350 molecular weight high vinylidene PIB, which is reacted with maleic anhydride to give the mono succinic anhydride which is reacted with water and DEEA to form a mixture of salt, ester and succinimide.
  • the surfactant ratio was further optimized by trials with differing surfactant ratios.
  • the additives shown in Table 13 The additives shown in Table 13.
  • EES6535SX is obtained by reacting a 65:35 mass ratio mixture of
  • the invention can be used to stabilize emulsions of other distillate containing fuels such as marine gas oil (“MGO”) and Marine Fuel Oil (“MFO”) which is also known as Residual Fuel Oil (“RFO”) and mixtures thereof such as Intermediate Fuel Oil (“IFO”) which is also known as Marine Diesel Fuel (“MDF”) as can be seen from the following experiments using IFO380 which is to say IFO having a kinematic viscosity at 50°C of 380mm /s using a emulsifier BA27 having the following composition :
  • MGO marine gas oil
  • MFO Marine Fuel Oil
  • RFO Residual Fuel Oil
  • IFO Intermediate Fuel Oil
  • MDF Marine Diesel Fuel
  • Emulsions of the IFO380 were prepared by preheating the ingredients to 60°C and mixing for three minutes at 2400rpm using an UltraTurrax T25. All proportions are by weight.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une émulsion d'eau dans l'huile comprenant : a) 70 à 99 % en poids de carburant diesel, ledit carburant diesel comprenant 0 à 50 % en volume de carburant mélangé comprenant du biodiesel ; b) 0,5 à 30 % en poids d'eau ; c) 0,01 à 5 % en poids d'éthylate d'alkylamine, au moins 25 % de l'éthylate d'alkylamine étant un éthylate de (alkyl en C10 à C14)amine et au moins 25 % en poids de l'éthylate d'alkyl amine étant un éthylate de (alkyl en C16 à C18)amine ; et d) 0,03 à 1 % en poids du produit pouvant être obtenu par réaction d'un polyisobutylène-anhydride succinique de masse moléculaire 9000 à 2600 avec 1 à 2 moles d'une alcanolamine tertiaire. L'émulsion est stable et est utile comme carburant mélangé comprenant du biodiesel.
PCT/EP2010/066632 2009-11-06 2010-11-02 Carburants, leurs procédés de fabrication et additifs destinés à être utilisés dans des carburants WO2011054817A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10776643A EP2496670A1 (fr) 2009-11-06 2010-11-02 Carburants, leurs procédés de fabrication et additifs destinés à être utilisés dans des carburants
US13/508,358 US20120216447A1 (en) 2009-11-06 2010-11-02 Fuels, methods of making them and additives for use in fuels
JP2012537369A JP2013510205A (ja) 2009-11-06 2010-11-02 燃料、それらの製造方法および燃料における使用のための添加物

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0919452.3A GB2475090B (en) 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Fuels, methods of making them and additives for use in fuels
GB0919452.3 2009-11-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011054817A1 true WO2011054817A1 (fr) 2011-05-12

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PCT/EP2010/066632 WO2011054817A1 (fr) 2009-11-06 2010-11-02 Carburants, leurs procédés de fabrication et additifs destinés à être utilisés dans des carburants

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US (1) US20120216447A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2496670A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013510205A (fr)
KR (1) KR20120110169A (fr)
EC (1) ECSP12011952A (fr)
GB (1) GB2475090B (fr)
WO (1) WO2011054817A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2873714A1 (fr) 2013-11-18 2015-05-20 Nanotechlab S.A. Emulsion d'eau/huile végétale

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US20130118058A1 (en) * 2011-05-10 2013-05-16 Thu Thi Le Nguyen Diesel microemulsion biofuels
WO2018206904A2 (fr) 2017-05-10 2018-11-15 Quadrise International Ltd Émulsions huile dans l'eau

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US4152499A (en) 1977-01-22 1979-05-01 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Polyisobutenes
US5360458A (en) * 1989-03-02 1994-11-01 The Lubrizol Corporation Oil-water emulsions
WO2000015740A1 (fr) * 1998-09-14 2000-03-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Compositions emulsionnees eau/carburant
WO2004099350A1 (fr) * 2003-04-30 2004-11-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Tensioactifs ethoxyles pour emulsions eau dans huile
US7037999B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2006-05-02 Texas Petrochemicals Lp Mid-range vinylidene content polyisobutylene polymer product and process for producing the same

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US20060048443A1 (en) * 1998-09-14 2006-03-09 Filippini Brian B Emulsified water-blended fuel compositions
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US20040111955A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Mullay John J. Emulsified water blended fuels produced by using a low energy process and novel surfuctant
US7413583B2 (en) * 2003-08-22 2008-08-19 The Lubrizol Corporation Emulsified fuels and engine oil synergy
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Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4152499A (en) 1977-01-22 1979-05-01 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Polyisobutenes
US5360458A (en) * 1989-03-02 1994-11-01 The Lubrizol Corporation Oil-water emulsions
WO2000015740A1 (fr) * 1998-09-14 2000-03-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Compositions emulsionnees eau/carburant
US7037999B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2006-05-02 Texas Petrochemicals Lp Mid-range vinylidene content polyisobutylene polymer product and process for producing the same
WO2004099350A1 (fr) * 2003-04-30 2004-11-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Tensioactifs ethoxyles pour emulsions eau dans huile

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2873714A1 (fr) 2013-11-18 2015-05-20 Nanotechlab S.A. Emulsion d'eau/huile végétale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120216447A1 (en) 2012-08-30
ECSP12011952A (es) 2012-12-28
GB2475090B (en) 2012-01-25
GB0919452D0 (en) 2009-12-23
JP2013510205A (ja) 2013-03-21
KR20120110169A (ko) 2012-10-09
GB2475090A (en) 2011-05-11
EP2496670A1 (fr) 2012-09-12

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