WO2011053267A1

WO2011053267A1 - Method for extracting crude oil

Info

Publication number: WO2011053267A1
Application number: PCT/UA2010/000081
Authority: WO
Inventors: Иван Петрович ТУРИВНЕНКО; Сергей Иванович ТУРИВНЕНКО; Наталья Ивановна ЛЕУСЕНКО
Original assignee: Turivnenko Ivan Petrovich; Turivnenko Sergey Ivanovich; Leusenko Nataliya Ivanovna
Priority date: 2009-11-02
Filing date: 2010-11-01
Publication date: 2011-05-05
Also published as: UA97145C2

Abstract

The crude oil extraction method according to I. P. Turivnenko comprises carrying out geological prospecting operations and drilling transport and product output wells in the area of an oil-bearing formation, acting on the same using a thermal energy source to the point of an aggregate conversion into a gas phase, and subsequently cooling the gas phase until it condenses into separate fractions, e.g. in a rectifying column operating in cooling mode. The thermal action is carried out using energy from a nuclear radiation source situated in a sealed, radiopaque container, in which the energy of the self-absorbed radiation builds up and is converted into thermal energy.

Description

The method of oil production

The invention relates to methods for oil recovery. At present, proven reserves of traditional oil (with existing volumes of its development) will last for about 40-50 years. This does not mean that during the indicated period all oil reserves will be uniquely exhausted. There is a constant improvement of oil production technologies aimed at the possibility of developing previously unprofitable fields and extracting the maximum amount of oil from an oil reservoir. The process of improving oil production technology can be traced according to this scheme:

1 - surface oil collection; 2 - oil production through wells; 3 - mine production of high viscosity oil; 4 - downhole production of gushing oil; 5 - career methods of developing high-viscosity oil fields; 6 - downhole oil production by water flooding; 7 - thermal methods; 8 - electrothermal methods for the production of high-viscosity oil; 9 - thermal mine development of high-viscosity oil deposits, which is a combination of mine drainage development with methods of artificially affecting an oil-bearing productive formation with various coolants.

The process of improving oil production technologies has been reflected in many patented solutions.

A known method of producing viscous oil (RF Patent N ° 1487555) by pumping a heat carrier into the formation — a solvent with a viscosity lower viscosity of the formation oil, in which, in order to prevent the loss of asphalt-resinous substances in the formation, losses of associated oil metals and increase its production, into the formation in as a heat carrier solvent fractions of oil are pumped with a boiling point greater than 210 ° C at an injection temperature of 150-300 ° C. (based on losses during transportation).

The method includes drilling production and heating wells in an oil reservoir, installing a thermal contact cracking (TKK) installation of oil, installing an oil dehydration device, a local oil pipeline, supplying hot solvent, producing petroleum coke with asphalt-resinous substances and ash components of oil and “refined” hot oil .

Heavy, highly viscous oil from the oil reservoir flows through a production well through a local oil pipeline to an oil dehydration unit, from which the dehydrated oil is fed through a local oil pipeline to a thermal contact cracking unit (TCC) and processed until coke is formed. Hot fractions taken from the TKK plant with a boiling point above 210 ° C in the right amount are fed into the injection well and pumped into the oil reservoir at a temperature of fractions of 150-300 ° C.

Petroleum coke containing asphalt-resinous substances, metals and other ash components, as well as hot oil of the remaining demetallized and deasphalted fractions are removed from the TKK plant. The hot coolant-solvent injected into the reservoir causes the oil reservoir to heat up, which leads to a decrease in the viscosity of the oil, to a change in the molecular surface forces, to the expansion of oil and rocks, and the dilution of high-viscosity oil with a less viscous diluent. Under the influence of these factors, oil recovery is significantly increased.

When choosing the parameters, the authors were guided by the fact that in the industrial oil formations lying at depths of 250-550 m, heavy oil with a density of 950 kg / m is contained. Oil contains up to 24.5% resins and asphaltenes, 2% sulfur and 0.035% vanadium pentoxide. The oil viscosity at 20 ° C is 864.8 MPa.s. Fractions with a boiling point above 210 ° C, the amount of which in this oil is 64.8%, obtained at the thermal contact cracking unit (TCC), are fed into the formation. For a 10 m thick layer lying at a depth of 250-320 m, the optimal injection temperature is 150 ° C, and for a 20 m layer lying at a depth of 350-460 m, the injection temperature will be 200 ° C.

At the TKK plant with a capacity of 500 thousand tons / year for raw materials (oil), 324 thousand tons / year of fractions with a boiling point above 210 ° С can be pumped into the reservoir. Depending on the amount of injected coolant-solvent, the rate of field development will vary.

The described process is not only technologically complex, but also energy-intensive. Requires a thermal contact cracking unit, reverse and aversive pipelines at the production site. The method is obviously unprofitable.

A known method of producing viscous oil during thermal exposure to the reservoir (patent RU JV22211318), including drilling a continuous well with its entrance and exit to the surface, installing a casing in it, cementing the annulus, perforating the casing, installing tubing strings in it pipes, supplying coolant through them to dilute the oil around the wellbore, after which products are selected for the outlet section, provided that the coolant is continued to be pumped through the inlet section of the well. The method allows for the production of viscous oil from a horizontal well by lifting it from the well with a coolant.

However, the inflow of oil into the wellbore is insignificant due to backpressure on the formation and significant heat loss due to the removal of the coolant from the well during production lifting. This disadvantage is partially eliminated by the decision (according to the patent of the Russian Federation N ° 2191895),

which includes the descent into the casing string of concentrically two tubing strings, the supply through the inner coolant string to the end of the casing string, the gas supply between the casing string and tubing to the beginning of the horizontal part of the barrel and the selection of products from this part between the tubing strings pipes.

The method allows for the production of viscous oil from a horizontal well by raising it from the well with gas and to reduce heat loss associated with the removal of coolant from the well along with the product, but the heat loss remains significant due to the fact that the coolant is removed from the well while raising the product .

The method of producing high-viscosity oil according to the patent of the Russian Federation JVs 2307242 provides a solution aimed at increasing the influx of oil from the formation into the well by reducing the back pressure on the formation, reducing heat loss by reducing the removal of coolant from the well when raising the product.

The inventive perforated casing is installed in a horizontal well and cemented to the horizontal part. Additionally, a vertical well is drilled, which is crossed by a drilled hole in the terminal horizontal part and communicated with it. The coolant is fed into the horizontal well along the tubing string to the beginning of the horizontal part, and the products are taken from the vertical well to ensure a given injectivity. The flow of coolant into the reservoir is continued until the oil is diluted around the horizontal part of the trunk. The well is stopped for exposure to thermocapillary impregnation. Then, products are selected from vertical well to the estimated decrease in flow rate. In this case, the dynamic level is maintained below the intersection of the wells. The feed - shutter speed - selection cycle is repeated in the same way until the bottomhole zone is drained.

A common feature for the described patented solutions is the thermal effect on the formation by injecting various coolants into it. Other methods are known for liquefying oil during its production (RF Patent jY ° 2195549).

A method for producing highly viscous oil, including pumping a displacing agent through an injection well, selecting products through production wells, and using a diluent in pumping. As a diluent, hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria with nutrient salts in an aqueous solution are used in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria - 0.05-0.15, nutrient salts - 0.07-0.3, and the rest. The composition is pumped cyclically.

A known method of microbiological treatment of an oil reservoir, including the injection of microbial biomass of biochemical production of protein-vitamin concentrates (RF patent 2118677). This method is not effective enough due to the fact that the decrease in oil viscosity occurs only due to the formation of gas, the microbial biomass used does not affect heavy oil fractions, and the nutrients contained in the waste are a good medium for the formation of sulfate-reducing bacteria that cause corrosion of oil industry equipment.

A known method of producing highly viscous waterlogged oil, including reducing the viscosity of oil by pumping a mixture of a surfactant with a solvent (AS USSR 1798487). However, this method is not effective enough, and also when using the method requires constant industrial control.

Thus, the methods of liquefying oil by microbiological and chemical methods are not effective and have not been applied in the mining industry.

Known article Vorobyov A.E. (RUDN), Dzhimieva RB (Vladikavkaz Mining College). “Environmental development of oil shale and high-viscosity oil fields”, which provides an analysis of the effectiveness of various methods of oil production including thermal mine as the most promising. Thermal mine development is described by the example of the Yarega oil field, where it is implemented in the form of several systems: one-horizon, two-horizon, two-level with contouring discharge workings and panel. All of them differ from each other by the location of underground production and injection wells relative to the formation. The steam injection volume in the thermal-mine system for the development of high-viscosity oil fields is 0.5-0.8 of the pore volume of the productive oil-containing formation.

However, the author admits that “the thermal mine method for producing highly viscous oil has the following disadvantages: a large amount of mining and drilling operations, significant costs for maintaining and ventilating the mine workings, large heat losses for heating the surrounding rocks and the mine atmosphere (leading to a decrease in the efficiency of the process and violation of the thermal regime in mine workings), the complexity of monitoring and regulating the production of high-viscosity oil due to the large number of necessary wells ”, in addition, the need for single injection of coolant leads to large losses "useful heat, increase as the implementation of the work. Therefore, in the future, an innovative method of electrotherm production of high viscosity oils was developed.

A known method of producing viscous oil from a formation (RF patent N ° 2273499), including drilling into the oil formation of rows of rising electrode wells between which an electric current passes, and production wells in front of electrode wells to deliver oil to a collection reservoir, rows of rising wells are drilled from field drifts located under the oil reservoir, and in the electrode wells of the upper field drift, an aqueous electrolyte solution is supplied at a pressure of 1.5-5 atm at the same time as the current is supplied, providing the movement of the displaced oil along the entire front ostiraniya formation towards production wells. The electrolyte is an aqueous solution of salts of NaCl, or HCl, or H2S04.

The method of electrothermal extraction has the advantage that it eliminates the need for injection of a high-temperature liquid or gaseous heat carrier, and the organization on the surface of the infrastructures generating these heat carriers. Although the use of an aqueous solution of salts also relates to its disadvantages. The heat source is stable and adjustable in terms of heat transfer. Based on this, the specified patent is accepted by the authors as a prototype.

This method fully includes all the disadvantages that are inherent in the other methods described above, but they are also added related to the peculiarities of the use of electricity as a heat source in fire hazardous conditions, as well as the difficulty of implementation, the need to provide electricity and create its source.

Analyzing the above descriptions of patents, one conclusion can be drawn: all of them are special cases of the development of the same well-known technologies and do not introduce any radically new approaches to them. In general, they can be described as methods of translation. oil in a fluid state, i.e. a simple viscosity reduction by applying an active agent to the formation (hot water, steam, a chemical solvent, applying an electric field) and, in this form, transporting it to refineries for cracking. The temperature of the active agents does not allow reaching such a degree of dilution of the oil at which it can be hollow extracted from the well.

At present, when the development of technology requires more and more oil refining products, oil production technologies, in which a significant (depending on the magnitude of the thermal effect) part of the oil or its fractions is not extracted, it is environmentally and economically inefficient: they are all labor-intensive, because . suggest large earthworks, pollute the production zone, suggest large energy losses, limited possibility of heating temperature of the collector of the block in which the oil is located.

Thus, no matter how different known oil production technologies are, a temperature of heat exposure is used everywhere that provides only a change in the viscosity of the oil, while the minimum is determined by the melting temperature of paraffin-resin-asphaltene substances and ranges from 45-55 ° C, and the maximum is limited the possibility of coke formation and in practice is equal to 150-180 ° C. .

The basis of the invention is the task of improving the method of oil production by changing its state of aggregation to the gas phase by heat exposure under conditions of natural occurrence, transportation and separation of the gas phase of the oil by a cooling effect before condensation to the individual components of the fraction and, as a result, reducing the labor intensity and energy intensity of production, complete oil recovery from the reservoir, reducing the cost of production due to the continuous reduction of energy costs, guaranteed by the continuity of heat transfer source.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known method of oil production, based on preliminary geological exploration of the reservoir, drilling wells in an underground oil reservoir, installing the product and transport systems on the surface, changing the physical state of the oil by thermal exposure to the reservoir according to the invention, changing the physical the state of oil is brought to the stage of aggregate conversion to the gas phase in places of its natural occurrence, by the action of thermal energy of a nuclear source radiation embedded in a radiopaque closed container, in which the energy of the absorbed radiation is converted into heat, and placed directly in or near the oil reservoir, and the gas phase is separated under conditions of its cooling until condensation to separate components of the oil fraction. Condensation to individual fractions is, for example, in a distillation column with a cooling mode of operation.

The main advantage of the proposed method compared to other known methods and prototype is:

- the nature of the source of thermal energy is a closed radion-tight container whose refractoriness exceeds the technological temperature of the conversion of oil into gas. The source of heat in it is a source of nuclear radiation, the level of radioactivity of which and the time of heat transfer are calculated by methods known in nuclear energy. A source of nuclear radiation, being in the confined space of the container, converts the energy of the absorbed radiation into heat. The operating time of such a source in stable mode corresponds to half-life of a nuclear source and is determined by calculations. Therefore, the process of oil production through its aggregate conversion will not require updating coolants due to the absence of heat losses, which will reduce the resource and energy costs of the technology.

Environmental safety is ensured by extensive experience in the use and transportation of nuclear waste over the surface over long distances.

The conversion of oil into gas ensures the complete extraction of all fractions of oil from the reservoir without loss.

Exclusion of laborious operations.

Sposbb is as follows:

Based on the results of geological studies, studying the characteristics of the oil reservoir, the area is drained with a network of wells or two wells are drilled with an entrance and exit to the day surface - transport and product discharge. Based on the volume of the reservoir, the depth of its occurrence, the nature of the surrounding rock, calculate the source of thermal energy. After removing the transport protection from the container, which brings it into working condition, it is lowered into the oil reservoir. The product outlet well has a valve that opens when a certain gas pressure from the bowels is reached. The increase in pressure due to changes in the state of aggregation of oil, thermal expansion of the surrounding rocks will contribute to the expulsion of gas to the surface, even without a pump-compressor unit. From the patent and scientific and technical literature, we do not know the claimed combination of distinctive features.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

And claims

1. The method of oil production Turivnenko IP, based on the preliminary geological exploration of the reservoir, drilling wells in an underground oil reservoir, the installation of product and transport systems on the surface, changing the physical state of the oil by thermal exposure to the reservoir, characterized in that the change in physical condition oil is brought to the stage of aggregate conversion to the gas phase in places of its natural occurrence, by exposure to thermal energy of a nuclear radiation source embedded in a radio-opaque This is a closed container in which the energy of the absorbed radiation is converted into heat, and it is placed directly in or near the oil reservoir, and the gas phase is separated under conditions of its cooling until condensation to separate components of the oil fraction.

2. The method of oil production under item 1, characterized in that the condensation into individual fractions is, for example, in a distillation column with a cooling mode of operation.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)