WO2011047863A2

WO2011047863A2 - Vehicles having an explosion, fire and surge protection device

Info

Publication number: WO2011047863A2
Application number: PCT/EP2010/006446
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Späth
Original assignee: Spaeth Michael
Priority date: 2009-10-23
Filing date: 2010-10-21
Publication date: 2011-04-28
Also published as: EP2490915A2; DE102009050485B4; DE102009050485A1; WO2011047863A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle (10) comprising a liquid container (11), a filling body (15) made of an expanded material and a holding device (12) for the filling body in the liquid container. The invention further relates to the use of an expanded material for a liquid container of a transport vehicle. The filling body is provided essentially with a casing. The vehicle is particularly characterized by an explosion and fire protection and furthermore by a reduced surge effect.

Description

Vehicles with an explosion and fire as well

Surge protection device

The present invention relates to the field of

Vehicles of all kinds, preferably the transport vehicles of all kinds. In particular, the present invention relates to the

Explosion and fire protection and splash protection of vehicles with liquid containers, preferably transport vehicles that transport or store dangerous goods. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of so-called

Expanded materials for explosion protection and surge protection for transport vehicles.

It has long been known in the art that fuel tanks of vehicles can be filled with a network of thin metal foils or metal fibers to make the fuel tank explosion-proof. Such explosion and fire protection devices are based on the well-known over 100 years of the principle of Davy 'safety light in the field of mining.

A concrete explosion and fire protection device for fuel tanks of vehicles disclosed, for example, DE-A-43 21 662. The device comprises one of a

flexible, a cavity in the vehicle form adapted container and a container interior filling network structure of metal foils or metal fibers.

For the production of packing in

Liquid containers are also so-called

Stretch material known in the art. Thus, the DE-A-197 20 229 of the applicant Dr. Michael Späth a device for producing expanded material from a deformable film. The device processes metal foil by a cutting tool providing the metal foil with longitudinal cuts in the conveying direction and a further device causing a transverse extension of the foil. There are also experiments

has been carried out to produce the expanded material in different ways. For example, metal foil has been provided with cross-sections with respect to the processing direction with the metal foil stretched correspondingly longitudinally.

A further development with regard to the film produced is disclosed in DE-A-38 16 792 and in DE-A-43 27 670 (both to Dr. Michael Späth). There, the film is processed into spherical bodies.

Two opposing effects make it difficult to produce suitable stretched materials for filling liquid tanks of vehicles. If the honeycomb structure of the stretched film is very wide meshed, i. Although the webs of the cut film are chosen to be large, while the volume fraction of the expanded material in relation to the total volume of liquid and expanded material is small, i. the liquid occupies a relatively large proportion, but the mechanical stability is low. The expanded material may be due to its own weight or due to interactions between parts of the

Stretch material, such as occurring

Frictional forces, collapse. This runs the risk that a volume range in the liquid tank not with the

Stretch material is filled, so that by the

Stretch material caused fire protection is leveraged.

Conversely, with a close-meshed honeycomb structure, the Volume fraction of the expanded material is too large and also too much mass of expanded material is present.

One possible improvement with respect to this problem is disclosed in DE-A-197 56 807 of the applicant Dr.-Ing. Michael Späth revealed. The document discloses a method for

Production of expanded metal packings, in which the strip material supplied by a cutting and stretching machine is wound on two supply rolls. One of the two supply rolls is rewound. Subsequently, the strip material of the two supply rolls is wound into a common roll, so that in each case two superimposed turns during winding of a filling body are opposite to each other and the honeycomb of the webs can not slip into each other.

In the transmission of the state of the art

known filling of fuel tanks with expanded material on the filling of large liquid containers, there are a number of technical problems. In particular, there is the above-described problem that the stretched material is insufficiently suitable for use in large tanks. This is especially true for vehicles with large liquid containers, since in particular during operation of vehicles, the stretched material is compressed by shocks and by the surge of liquid in the liquid containers, thereby creating an area in the large tanks that is free of expanded material. This would make the stretch material largely ineffective.

Furthermore, in the case of large liquid containers, the expanded material has greater shear forces or frictional forces

exposed. Since the known stretch material usually made Consists of expanded aluminum strips, which have extremely sharp and hard edges. When driving vehicles cause vibrations wear just when operating vehicles with large liquid containers, since the shear forces occurring there are correspondingly larger in the liquid containers due to the greater leverage in larger sized packing. Shocks occurring during the ride cause due to the shocks crumpling of the expanded material and thus to a reduction of the volume of the envelope of the packing.

The use of stretch material for vehicles has not been accomplished for another reason. The large liquid containers are provided with baffles to make the vehicles stable. These baffles technically complicate the arrangement of expanded material.

However, baffles are essential for vehicles having a large fluid container. While driving, the surge of a moving fluid significantly affects the driving dynamics. Liquid transporters, such as fire trucks, may deviate or even tip over in the event of a potential resonance disaster. This danger exists completely

especially with only partially filled containers.

There have been several attempts to baffles

replace. The reason for this is in a weight reduction, after all, baffles are heavy metal sheets. Furthermore occurs despite the presence of

Baffles in the liquid compartments a surge, which adversely affects the driving behavior. For example, there has been an attempt to use polyurethane (PU) foam for the surge reduction. However, PU foam has serious disadvantages. First, the liquid in the liquid container may attack the PU foam. This is especially the case when it comes to the

transported liquid is fuel. Second, in a fire of fuel vehicles, toxic fumes are produced. Third, PU foam is not heat resistant and, fourthly, is a later disposal of PU foam

expensive.

Starting from the prior art, the invention was

generally based on the task, the previously described

Overcome disadvantages in the prior art. In particular, the invention has the object to make vehicles fire and explosion proof over a long period of vehicle operation. Furthermore, the invention was particularly the task of providing a vehicle in which the surge can be reduced in liquid containers of vehicles of all kinds. This spill effect is z.T. also called Schwabeffekt in the prior art.

The Applicant has found that this object can be achieved by the subject matter of claim 1. Subject of the present invention - according to a first

According to the invention - is thus a vehicle comprising a liquid container, a arranged in the liquid container filler body of a stretched material and a holding device for the filler in the liquid container. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the relevant subclaims.

In the context of this invention, a stretched material is to be understood as meaning a band or a foil which is initially provided with a multiplicity of interrupted cuts or punches in order to be subsequently transversal to

Stretched longitudinally of these cuts or punches, i. to be stretched, with the result that the previously lying between the incisions or punches stripes are stretched to a latticework. The originals

Long cuts or punches allow the formation of a lattice network, which can be formed honeycomb or diamond-shaped cavities. Conversely, the tape or film could also be provided with cuts or punches transverse to the processing direction, with the stretching made longitudinally thereto.

The holding device in the liquid container offers several advantages. On the one hand, the holding device allows easy handling of the explosion- and fire-protected and reduced-swirl liquid container by the molded body of the expanded material in the construction of the

Liquid container lightly on the holding device

can be pushed. Furthermore, this is the

Liquid container maintenance-friendly, as the moldings can be easily removed from the tank. In addition, the holding device prevents the molded body is compressed due to its own weight, since at least a portion of the shaped body is arranged hanging on the holding device and because due to the holding device of the molded body is fixed, so that the shear and frictional forces a Prevent compression of the expanded material. Thus, a dimensionally stable filling body is retained in the liquid container and the filler remains sufficiently conformed in the liquid container. Due to the attachment is further achieved that the shaped bodies of expanded material less intense

rub against each other, so that abrasion is prevented in the moldings.

The expanded material surprisingly also has the advantage that additional, in particular conventional

Anti-surge devices in tanks whole or

can be partially omitted, since the expanded material of the liquid in the liquid container itself enough

Provides resistance and so a sloshing of the liquid during transport is greatly reduced. Even in the event that the liquid container has baffles to

For example, to allow the transport of different substances in the different compartments, there is a significant surge in the compartments. For this case, so also the advantage of surge reduction is given.

The baffles were originally prevented from using the stretch material for large liquid tanks, in particular fuel or fuel tanks. Thus serves the

Packing of the expanded material the explosion and fire and splash protection.

According to a preferred embodiment of the

The vehicle according to the invention comprises the holding device a rod, in particular a rod, the front side and / or arranged on the rear side in the liquid container or

is fixed and protrudes into the liquid container.

In this preferred embodiment, it is the technically simplest solution to install a holding device in the liquid container. The rod penetrates at least a portion of the expanded material, so that at least a portion of the expanded material rests, so as for example a compression of the expanded material

prevent. Preferably, the holding device, in particular the rod, comprises of the filling body, so that the filling body is held in the liquid container.

The fuel tanks according to the prior art, which are filled with a stretch material, have only a small height, so that the stretch material readily reaches its full effect. In the present invention, the vehicles may have liquid containers having a height of 0.80 m or more, more preferably 1.50 m or more, and more preferably 2.20 m or more, most preferably about 1.95 m , Even at these magnitudes, there is no significant compression of the

Stretch material by own weight and / or shear or

Frictional forces, so that in the upper part of the

Liquid container no or only a small free space arises.

Because of the materials used to produce the expanded material, as described below, the volume displacement of the filler in the liquid container is less than 6% by volume, preferably less than 4% by volume, more preferably in the range from 1.5 to 3% by volume. -% to keep. Ie in one Container that is the envelope of the packing, the volume of the packing is 6 vol .-% or less, preferably 4 vol .-% or less, more preferably 1.5 to 3 vol .-%. When using aluminum as the basis for the stretch material used, the mass of stretch material is 20 to

80 g / l, preferably 35 to 50 g / l filling volume. In the context of this invention, aluminum should of course also be understood as meaning an alloy based on aluminum. According to a preferred embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention, the liquid container of the vehicle is a hollow cylinder with a wall, a front lid and a rear lid or a leaning

Hollow cylinder with a wall, a front lid and a rear lid, wherein the lid in the

Top view represent a circle or an ellipse, wherein the holding device, in particular the rod, approximately centered and arranged approximately perpendicular to the front and / or rear lid. However, the holding device may also be additionally secured by one or more cross braces to the wall of the liquid container. With lid is meant in the context of this invention, the tail of a container which forms a cylindrical or a cuboid container. Accordingly, the lid need not necessarily be removable or mandatory to open.

This embodiment is a

technically advantageous solution, the expanded material in the

To attach liquid container. In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, webs of web are made of expanded material so that the filler of the expanded material forms a cylinder. As below described, the packing of the expanded material can also by the Gegenwickelverfahren, as described in DE-A-197 56 807 of the applicant. Michael Späth reveals being made. The cylinder may also be compressed, so that the filling body is in the form of an oblique cylinder, ie a cylinder whose cross-sectional area represents an ellipse. These inclined cylinders can be made under very high pressure, which is applied perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. Also in this preferred embodiment, the rod can by cross bracing with the wall of the

Be connected liquid container.

The filler of the expanded material is in a preferred embodiment of the present invention with the opening fitting fit on the rod before.

In this preferred embodiment is the

Packing of the expanded material in the form of a cylinder or an oblique cylinder, wherein the packing of the expanded material has an opening and is held in the fuel tank by the holding device, in particular the rod, through the opening of the cylinder or the oblique cylinder is present. At this

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid container is essentially a hollow cylinder or a slender hollow cylinder filled with winding stretched material

are conformed in the liquid container and which are locked by a rod in the liquid container, which pierce the core of the roll, wherein the rod is attached to a lid or on both lids of the liquid container. The rod is in this case approximately on the central longitudinal axis of the liquid container. However, the vehicle according to the invention should not be limited to those in which the liquid container is in the form of a cylinder or an oblique cylinder. Thus, a vehicle is particularly preferred in which the liquid container is an approximately cuboid hollow body with walls, a front lid and a rear lid, wherein the lid in plan view rectangles or rectangles with rounded corners, wherein the

Holding device, in particular the rod, approximately centered and arranged approximately perpendicular to the front and / or rear lid. However, the holding device may also be secured by cross braces to the wall of the liquid container.

In this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the packing of the expanded material in the form of a cuboid or a cuboid with rounded corners, wherein the filler of the expanded material has an opening and is held in the liquid container by the holding device, in particular the rod, through the opening of the cuboid is present. The packing in the form of

Curbs or cuboids with rounded corners can be made by folding the stretch material in zig-zag form.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling body is made of the

Stretch material in the form of one or more segments in the liquid container. This preferred embodiment has the advantage that the filler is easy to manufacture, and the segments by an easy to be performed Method can be introduced into the liquid container to be filled. The segments can be made by winding webs of stretched material.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling body of the

Stretch material provided with a sheath. The shell causes a protection of the filling body, which may be necessary as occurring between filler and container inside

Frictional forces or friction forces occurring between two segments of a filling body can cause abrasion of the materials. In particular, the sheath consists of a plastic and / or wire mesh, more preferably, the sheath of a plastic fabric and / or a

Stainless steel wire mesh. This envelope forms an envelope of the filling body, so that at least the lateral surface of the

Segments and the side areas of the segments with a

Plastic and / or wire mesh are provided. The shell may be attached to the surface of the filler by a support grid and / or by supporting struts.

An unexpected advantage of the sheath is that compression due to shear or friction forces is prevented because the expanded aluminum material can not rub against each other.

As described above, the dimensional stability of the

Stretch material of importance to the present invention. The dimensional stability, however, is of further factors

influenced, such as the thickness of the metal foil. However, the metal foil should not be too strong as that Total volume of the packing should not displace too much volume.

It has been found that a particularly advantageous expanded material is produced from a metal foil, in particular from an aluminum foil, the thickness of the foil preferably being in the range from 30 μm to 100 μm, more preferably from 50 μm to 90 μm, and very particularly preferred is about 70 pm. The use of metal foils for

Production of the expanded material also has the advantage of acting antibacterial.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stretched material is preferably prepared by continuously parallel with a cutting unit and

staggered longitudinal cuts in the metal foil are produced, and the cut metal foil with a stretching unit comprising two toothed belts transverse to the longitudinal direction of the metal foil

is stretched by the timing belt to grasp the two edges of the metal foil and a casserole body over it

Running metal foil spreads to a stretched

To obtain metal foil.

Similar to the principle as in DE-A-197 56 807 of

Applicant Michael Späth described that

Stretch material from the metal foil in a particular

preferred embodiment of the present invention

be prepared by two sheets of stretched or spread metal foil are placed in opposite directions and the resulting webs are wound. The core of the roll is with an opening for the holding device Mistake. This also a special dimensional stability of the produced packing is achieved.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling body of the

Stretch material from the metal foil a winding from the

Stretch material, wherein the winding has an opening in the core, through which the holding device, in particular the rod, is passed. The core of the roll is in the center of the roll. Through the opening in the center, i. in the core of the roll, the holding device,

in particular the rod, be guided to the winding in the

To attach liquid container. Under a vehicle is under the present

Invention to understand any vehicle on land, sea or air. The vehicle may be a road vehicle, in particular a tanker truck, a semi-trailer, a

Semi-trailer, a fire truck or a trailer. It may also be a rail vehicle, in particular a

Tank car, or be a ship. Furthermore, in the context of this invention, the vehicle may be an aircraft or a helicopter. This is true despite the everyday usage, according to which an aircraft or a helicopter is not a vehicle in the narrower sense. In an aircraft or a helicopter be through the molded body of the expanded material in one

Liquid container passing through a holding device

attached, achieves the same benefits as any other vehicle. Preferably, the vehicle is suitable for transporting dangerous goods or liquid or gaseous

combustible substances. Generally, in the context of the invention, a liquid or gaseous substance should be understood to mean that it is a fluid of any kind.

With regard to the gaseous substances, it should be mentioned that the exit velocity of gases from a leaky container can be reduced so as to reduce the risk of explosion and fire.

This phenomenon can be attributed to the so-called bleve effect (for English: Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor

Explosion). It has been shown that containers containing a stretched material as a packing, do not burst so quickly when heating the container due to rapid heat transfer within the container. Furthermore, the filler causes a slower outflow of liquid from the liquid container with existing leaks. Further, it is prevented that the flame of a fluid leaked from the liquid container does not strike into the liquid container and sets the fluid in the liquid container on fire.

The object underlying the invention is further solved by the subject matter of claim 13. A further subject of the present invention - according to a second aspect of the present invention - is thus the use of a filling body according to the invention of a stretch material for liquid container of a vehicle. Further, in particular advantageous embodiments of this

Invention aspect are the subject of the relevant subclaims. In the context of this invention, a liquid container should generally be understood as meaning liquid containers provided for the transport of fluids, in particular of gaseous or liquid substances, preferably of fuels or fuels.

According to the invention, the fillers of a stretched material are preferably used for vehicles of all kinds, preferably road vehicles of all kinds, in particular for one

Road tanker, a fire truck, a semi-trailer, one

Semi-trailer, a trailer or a transport vehicle, which is suitable for the transport of dangerous goods or liquid or gaseous combustible materials, further

preferred for rail vehicles of all kinds, in particular

Tank wagons, furthermore preferred for ships of all kinds, furthermore for airplanes or helicopters.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of this aspect of the invention is a stretched material for the

Liquid container used, wherein the liquid container has an inner diameter of 0.80 m or more, especially 1.50 m or more, more preferably 2.20 m or more, most

preferably of about 1.95 m.

The packing of the expanded material can preferably be inserted in the form of several segments in the liquid container.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the filling body made of the expanded material can be provided with a casing, in particular with a casing made of a plastics material. and / or wire mesh, particularly preferably with a sheath made of a synthetic fabric and / or a stainless steel wire mesh. As already described, the thickness of the metal foil of

Importance for the dimensional stability of the produced

Stretch material. Therefore, in the inventive

Use a stretched material preferred, the

Stretch material of a metal foil, in particular of an aluminum foil, more preferably made of an aluminum foil with a thickness of 30 μπ \ to 100 μιη, more preferably from 50 μπι to 90 μπ \ and most preferably of about 70 μπι is produced. The expanded material of the metal foil is preferably produced by continuously parallel and staggered longitudinal cuts in the metal foil being produced by a cutting unit, and the cut metal foil is stretched with a draw unit comprising two toothed belts transverse to the longitudinal direction of the metal foil by the toothed belts covering the two edges of the metal foil capture and a casserole spreads the overlying metal foil to a

To obtain stretched metal foil. Further, in order to improve the dimensional stability of the packing, the stretched material may be made of the metal foil by oppositely stacking two sheets of a spread metal foil and winding the thus obtained webs with the core of the package provided with an opening for the holding device. It goes without saying that in the following special embodiments and embodiments, which only in

In connection with an aspect of the invention are described, apply accordingly also in relation to the other aspects of the invention, without this needing an explicit mention.

Exemplary embodiments:

With the figures described below, advantageous embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail.

Figure 1 shows an example of a transport vehicle 10, in which the container 11 is in the form of a cylinder. By doing

Container is disposed along the longitudinal axis of a holding device 12 in the form of a rod, wherein the holding device is attached according to Figure 1 only on the front cover 13 and not on the rear-side cover 14 of the container. The

Holding device 12 holds a winding 15 of expanded material. For the sake of simplicity, only one packing is shown. It is not shown that the filler represents a winding 15 of expanded material.

Figure 2 shows a plan view of a winding 15 of a stretched material 21. A web of a stretched material 21 is folded in the middle, so that the two then

superimposed halves are in opposite directions. Starting from the fold, the resulting web is wound so that an opening 22 remains in the core of the coil, which can be arranged in register on the rod.

Figure 3 shows the cross section of a portion of a filling body 30, with a sleeve 31 in the core of the winding 15 of a

Stretch material, with a coating in the side regions 32 of the filling body 30, with a coating in the jacket region 34 of the filling body 30. The filler body 30 has the winding 15 and connected to the sleeve 31 struts 36. In the area 37 (represented by a symbolic X) ropes are available for punishment.

Claims

1

Claims:

1. vehicle comprising a liquid container, a arranged in the liquid container filler made of a stretched material and a holding device for the filler in the liquid container.

2. Vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the holding device comprises a rod, and / or wherein the

Holding device, in particular the rod, front and / or rear side is fixed in the liquid container.

3. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the holding device, in particular the rod, is covered by the filling body, so that the filler in the

Liquid container is held.

4. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler body is provided from the expanded material with a sheath, in particular with a sheath of a plastic and / or wire mesh, more preferably with a sheath of a plastic fabric and / or a stainless steel wire mesh.

5. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid container is a hollow cylinder with a wall, a front cover and a rear-side cover or an oblique hollow cylinder with a wall, a front lid and a rear lid, wherein the lid in the 2

Top view a circle or an ellipse

represent, and / or wherein the holding device, in particular the rod, approximately centered and about

is attached vertically to the front and / or rear lid.

Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the liquid container is an approximately cuboidal

Hollow body with walls, a front cover and a rear lid, wherein the lid in plan view rectangles or rectangles with

represent rounded corners, and / or wherein the holding device, in particular the rod, about

centered and arranged approximately perpendicular to the front and / or rear lid.

Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the filling body of the expanded material in the form of a

Cylinder or an oblique cylinder is present, wherein the filler of the expanded material a

Having opening and is held in the liquid container by the holding device,

in particular the rod is guided by the opening of the cylinder or the oblique cylinder.

Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4 or 6, in which the filling body of the expanded material in the form of a cuboid or a cuboid with rounded corners is present, wherein the filling body of the

Stretch material has an opening and in the

Liquid container is held by the 3

Holding device, in particular the rod, is guided by the opening of the cuboid.

Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, in which the filling body of the expanded material represents a winding of expanded material made of a metal foil, and / or wherein the metal foil preferably a

Aluminum foil is, and / or wherein the aluminum foil has a thickness of 30 pm to 100 μπι, preferably from 50 μπι to 90 μπι, more preferably of about 70 μπι

having .

A vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler of the stretched material constitutes a stretched material wrap, the wrap being made of the metallic foil by oppositely overlapping two sheets of spread metal foil and winding the thus obtained web.

Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler of the expanded material from the metal foil is a winding of the expanded material, wherein the winding in the core has an opening through which the holding device, in particular the rod, is passed.

12. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims,

the vehicle being a transport vehicle,

in particular a road vehicle, more preferably one

Road tanker, a fire truck, a semi-trailer, a semi-trailer, a trailer or a 4

Transport vehicle suitable for transporting dangerous goods or liquid or gaseous combustible materials; a rail vehicle, more preferably a tank car; a ship; an airplane or a helicopter is.

Use of a filler of a stretched material according to any one of claims 1 to 12 for a

Liquid or gas container of a vehicle.

Use according to claim 13, in which the vehicle is a transport vehicle, preferably a road vehicle of any kind, in particular a road tanker

Fire truck, semi-trailer, semi-trailer, trailer or transport vehicle suitable for transporting dangerous goods or liquid or gaseous combustible materials; a rail vehicle of any kind, in particular a tank car; one

Ship; an airplane or a helicopter is.

Use according to one of claims 13 or 14, wherein the packing of the expanded material in the form of several segments in the liquid container

present.

Use according to one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the filling body of the expanded material is provided with a sheath, in particular with a sheath of a plastic and / or wire mesh, especially

preferably with a sheath made of a plastic fabric and / or stainless steel wire mesh. 5

Use according to one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the stretched material of a metal foil, in particular of an aluminum foil, more preferably of an aluminum foil having a thickness in the range of 3 μκι to 100 μπι, more preferably from 50 μπι to 90 μπι and most preferably of about 70 μιη is produced.