WO2011042402A2 - Method for operating a spark-ignited combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for operating a spark-ignited combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011042402A2
WO2011042402A2 PCT/EP2010/064774 EP2010064774W WO2011042402A2 WO 2011042402 A2 WO2011042402 A2 WO 2011042402A2 EP 2010064774 W EP2010064774 W EP 2010064774W WO 2011042402 A2 WO2011042402 A2 WO 2011042402A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control device
combustion engine
internal combustion
ignition
dynamic operation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/064774
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2011042402A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Ogris
Khai Vidmar
Alois Hirsch
Wolfgang Bandel
Original Assignee
Avl List Gmbh
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avl List Gmbh filed Critical Avl List Gmbh
Priority to DE112010003987.9T priority Critical patent/DE112010003987B4/en
Publication of WO2011042402A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011042402A2/en
Publication of WO2011042402A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011042402A3/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15Digital data processing
    • F02P5/1502Digital data processing using one central computing unit
    • F02P5/1506Digital data processing using one central computing unit with particular means during starting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/60Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the driver demands or status
    • F02D2200/602Pedal position
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/70Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle exterior
    • F02D2200/701Information about vehicle position, e.g. from navigation system or GPS signal
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/0245Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by increasing temperature of the exhaust gas leaving the engine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/0255Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to accelerate the warming-up of the exhaust gas treating apparatus at engine start
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F02D41/064Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15Digital data processing
    • F02P5/1502Digital data processing using one central computing unit
    • F02P5/1504Digital data processing using one central computing unit with particular means during a transient phase, e.g. acceleration, deceleration, gear change
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a spark-ignited internal combustion engine, wherein in at least one engine operating region to increase the combustion chamber temperature, the ignition timing of at least one ignition device is pre-adjusted.
  • Emission limit values in particular for light road vehicles, are very stringent by legal requirements, for example by the Euro 6 standard, especially with regard to particulate and nitrogen oxide emissions. These requirements are aimed, among other things, at significantly reducing the number of particles in vehicle emissions.
  • the catalyst heating operation serves to bring the catalyst as quickly as possible to the light-off temperature (light-off temperature).
  • Various methods for heating the catalyst are known.
  • DE 101 14 050 A1 describes engine measures for heating a catalytic converter, wherein the engine measures consist of a multiple injection and / or an ignition retard adjustment.
  • the combustion is very sensitive to the formation of particles, both in terms of particle mass, as well as the number of particles. In particular, the particle mass and the number of particles multiply during dynamic processes.
  • WO 2006/105562 A1 describes a method for operating a spark-ignited internal combustion engine having at least one ignition device, wherein at least in one operating region a Rußabbrand is performed by increasing the thermal energy input, the ignition of the ignition device is adjusted immediately after the start of the engine.
  • This measure is completely independent of Katalysatoretzloom compassion and regardless of whether a dynamic or stationary operation is present and aims only to eliminate the deposits within the combustion chamber, in particular on the combustion chamber walls and the ignition device.
  • the object of the invention is to significantly reduce the number of particles and / or particulate mass in the emissions of a spark-ignition vehicle during the warm-up phase. According to the invention this is achieved in that the advance of the ignition is carried out during at least one Katalysatorterrorism horres. The advance of the ignition can also be done several times in the catalytic converter operation.
  • a catalyst heating operation it is checked via a control unit constantly or at defined time intervals, if a catalyst heating operation is present. If it is determined that the internal combustion engine is operated in a catalytic converter heating operation, it is checked in a further method step whether dynamic operation is imminent.
  • the two test steps can also be temporally swapped or simultaneous.
  • the imminent dynamic operating case for example, due to a dynamic operation triggering action of the driver, such. As clutch actuation, gear operation or accelerator pedal operation, or be established by vorrauquartde, based on a driving guidance system or navigation system route recognition.
  • the pre-adjustment of the ignition leads to an increase in the combustion chamber temperature. It has been found that by increasing the combustion chamber temperature by advancing the ignition of the ignition device, the number of particles and the particle mass in the emissions can be substantially reduced. This reduction in particulate emissions is attributable to the fact that the higher combustion chamber temperature promotes mixture formation, which results in a significant reduction in particle mass and particle number. Furthermore, dynamic processes are reduced in the engine warm-up phase, which also exert an influence on the particle formation.
  • the Fig. 1 shows the method according to the invention in a flow chart.
  • step 20 After a cold engine start 10, it is checked in step 20 whether there is a catalyst heating operation or whether the catalyst temperature is below the light-off temperature. If this is the case, a further test step 30 investigates whether a dynamic operating case is imminent. In case that If there is no catalyst heating operation or that the light-off temperature of the catalytic converter has been reached, the method can be terminated (step 50) and restarted only at the next engine start. Alternatively, the query 20 can be continued continuously or at defined time intervals in a loop indicated by the dotted line.
  • step 40 the ignition for the individual cylinder igniters is presented at least 5 °, preferably at least 10 ° (based on the catalyst heating operation), until either the dynamic one Operation is completed or until the light-off temperature of the catalyst is reached. If multiple dynamic operations are detected in the catalyst heating mode, the ignition can be advanced several times over a time interval direction early.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a spark-ignited combustion engine, wherein the ignition point of at least one igniting device is advanced in at least one engine operating area in order to raise the combustion chamber temperature. The aim of the invention is the clear reduction of the number of particles and/or the particle mass in the emissions of a spark-ignited vehicle during the warm-up phase. This is achieved in that the ignition point is advanced during at least one catalyst-heating operation.

Description

Verfahren zum Betreiben einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine  Method for operating a spark-ignited internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine, wobei in zumindest einem Motorbetriebsbereich zur Erhöhung der Brennraumtemperatur der Zündzeitpunkt zumindest einer Zündeinrichtung vorverstellt wird. The invention relates to a method for operating a spark-ignited internal combustion engine, wherein in at least one engine operating region to increase the combustion chamber temperature, the ignition timing of at least one ignition device is pre-adjusted.
Emissionsgrenzwerte, insbesondere für leichte Straßenkraftfahrzeuge, werden durch gesetzliche Auflagen, zum Beispiel durch die Euro-6-Norm, sehr streng festgelegt, vorallem hinsichtlich der Partikel- und Stickoxidemissionen. Diese Auflagen zielen unter anderem darauf ab, die Partikelanzahl in den Fahrzeugemissionen deutlich zu reduzieren. Emission limit values, in particular for light road vehicles, are very stringent by legal requirements, for example by the Euro 6 standard, especially with regard to particulate and nitrogen oxide emissions. These requirements are aimed, among other things, at significantly reducing the number of particles in vehicle emissions.
Der Katalysatorheizbetrieb dient dazu, den Katalysator möglichst rasch auf die Anspringtemperatur (Light-Off- Temperatur) zu bringen. Es sind verschiedene Verfahren zur Aufheizung des Katalysators bekannt. Die DE 101 14 050 AI beschreibt zum Beispiel motorische Maßnahmen zum Aufheizen eines Katalysators, wobei die motorischen Maßnahmen aus einer Mehrfacheinspritzung und/oder einer Zündwinkelspätverstellung bestehen. Gerade in dieser Motorwarmlaufphase ist die Verbrennung aber sehr sensibel für die Partikelentstehung, sowohl im Hinblick auf die Partikelmasse, als auch auf die Partikelanzahl. Im speziellen vervielfacht sich die Partikelmasse und die Partikelanzahl bei dynamischen Vorgängen. The catalyst heating operation serves to bring the catalyst as quickly as possible to the light-off temperature (light-off temperature). Various methods for heating the catalyst are known. For example, DE 101 14 050 A1 describes engine measures for heating a catalytic converter, wherein the engine measures consist of a multiple injection and / or an ignition retard adjustment. Especially in this engine warm-up phase, the combustion is very sensitive to the formation of particles, both in terms of particle mass, as well as the number of particles. In particular, the particle mass and the number of particles multiply during dynamic processes.
Es ist bekannt, durch Vorverstellen des Zündzeitpunktes die Brennraumtemperatur zu erhöhen, um Ablagerungen im Brennraum zu vermeiden oder zumindest zu reduzieren. It is known to increase the combustion chamber temperature by advancing the ignition timing in order to avoid or at least reduce deposits in the combustion chamber.
So beschreibt die WO 2006/105562 AI ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest einer Zündeinrichtung, wobei zumindest in einem Betriebsbereich ein Russabbrand durch Erhöhen des thermischen Energieeintrages durchgeführt wird, wobei der Zündzeitpunkt der Zündeinrichtung unmittelbar nach dem Anlassen nach früh verstellt wird . Diese Maßnahme erfolgt völlig unabhängig vom Katalysatoraufheizbetrieb und unabhängig davon, ob ein dynamischer oder stationärer Betrieb vorliegt und zielt nur darauf ab, die Ablagerungen innerhalb des Brennraumes, insbesondere an den Brennraumwänden und der Zündeinrichtung, zu beseitigen. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Partikelanzahl und/oder Partikelmasse in den Emissionen eines fremdgezündeten Fahrzeuges während der Warmlaufphase deutlich zu verringern. Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass die Vorverstellung des Zündzeitpunktes während zumindest eines Katalysatorheizbetriebes durchgeführt wird . Die Vorverstellung der Zündung kann auch mehrmals im Katalysatorbetrieb erfolgen. For example, WO 2006/105562 A1 describes a method for operating a spark-ignited internal combustion engine having at least one ignition device, wherein at least in one operating region a Rußabbrand is performed by increasing the thermal energy input, the ignition of the ignition device is adjusted immediately after the start of the engine. This measure is completely independent of Katalysatoraufheizbetrieb and regardless of whether a dynamic or stationary operation is present and aims only to eliminate the deposits within the combustion chamber, in particular on the combustion chamber walls and the ignition device. The object of the invention is to significantly reduce the number of particles and / or particulate mass in the emissions of a spark-ignition vehicle during the warm-up phase. According to the invention this is achieved in that the advance of the ignition is carried out during at least one Katalysatorheizbetriebes. The advance of the ignition can also be done several times in the catalytic converter operation.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Vorverstellung des Zündzeitpunktes unmittelbar vor zumindest einem dynamischen Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine durchgeführt wird. It when the advance of the ignition is performed immediately before at least one dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine is particularly advantageous.
Dabei wird über eine Steuereinheit ständig oder in definierten Zeitintervallen geprüft, ob ein Katalysatorheizbetrieb vorliegt. Wenn festgestellt wird, dass die Brennkraftmaschine in einem Katalysatorheizbetrieb betrieben wird, wird in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt geprüft, ob ein dynamischer Betrieb unmittelbar bevorsteht. Die beiden Prüfungsschritte können auch zeitlich vertauscht oder gleichzeitig erfolgen. Der unmittelbar bevorstehende dynamische Betriebsfall kann beispielsweise aufgrund einer einen dynamischen Betrieb auslösenden Handlung des Fahrers, wie z. B. Kupplungsbetätigung, Gangbetätigung oder Gaspedalbetätigung, oder durch vorrauschauende, auf einem Fahrleitsystem oder Navigationssystem basierende Fahrtroutenerkennung festgestellt werden. In this case, it is checked via a control unit constantly or at defined time intervals, if a catalyst heating operation is present. If it is determined that the internal combustion engine is operated in a catalytic converter heating operation, it is checked in a further method step whether dynamic operation is imminent. The two test steps can also be temporally swapped or simultaneous. The imminent dynamic operating case, for example, due to a dynamic operation triggering action of the driver, such. As clutch actuation, gear operation or accelerator pedal operation, or be established by vorrauschauende, based on a driving guidance system or navigation system route recognition.
Durch die Vorverstellung der Zündung kommt es zu einem Ansteigen der Brennraumtemperatur. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass durch das Ansteigen der Brennraumtemperatur durch Vorverstellen der Zündung der Zündeinrichtung die Partikelanzahl und die Partikelmasse in den Emissionen wesentlich reduziert werden kann. Diese Reduktion der Partikelemissionen ist darauf zurück zu führen, dass die höhere Brennraumtemperatur die Gemischbildung begünstigt, wodurch es zu einer deutlichen Reduzierung der Partikelmasse und der Partikelanzahl kommt. Des weiteren werden dynamische Vorgänge in der Motorwarmlaufphase vermindert, welche ebenfalls einen Einfluss auf die Partikelentstehung ausüben. The pre-adjustment of the ignition leads to an increase in the combustion chamber temperature. It has been found that by increasing the combustion chamber temperature by advancing the ignition of the ignition device, the number of particles and the particle mass in the emissions can be substantially reduced. This reduction in particulate emissions is attributable to the fact that the higher combustion chamber temperature promotes mixture formation, which results in a significant reduction in particle mass and particle number. Furthermore, dynamic processes are reduced in the engine warm-up phase, which also exert an influence on the particle formation.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen : The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. Show it :
Fig. 1 das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in einem schematischen Ablauf; 1 shows the method according to the invention in a schematic sequence;
und  and
Fig. 2 einen Vergleich der Partikelemissionen mit und ohne dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren. 2 shows a comparison of the particle emissions with and without the method according to the invention.
Die Fig . 1 zeigt das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in einem Flussdiagramm . Nach einem Motorkaltstart 10 wird im Schritt 20 geprüft, ob ein Katalysatorheizbetrieb vorliegt, bzw. ob die Katalysatortemperatur unterhalb der Anspringtemperatur liegt. Wenn dies der Fall ist, wird in einem weiteren Prüfungsschritt 30 untersucht, ob ein dynamischer Betriebsfall unmittelbar bevorsteht. Für den Fall, dass kein Katalysatorheizbetrieb vorliegt bzw. dass die Anspringtemperatur des Katalysators erreicht wurde, kann das Verfahren beendet (Schritt 50) und erst beim nächsten Motorstart erneut gestartet werden. Alternativ dazu kann die Abfrage 20 auch in einer durch die punktierte Linie angedeuteten Schleife kontinuierlich oder in definierten Zeitabständen fortgesetzt werden. The Fig. 1 shows the method according to the invention in a flow chart. After a cold engine start 10, it is checked in step 20 whether there is a catalyst heating operation or whether the catalyst temperature is below the light-off temperature. If this is the case, a further test step 30 investigates whether a dynamic operating case is imminent. In case that If there is no catalyst heating operation or that the light-off temperature of the catalytic converter has been reached, the method can be terminated (step 50) and restarted only at the next engine start. Alternatively, the query 20 can be continued continuously or at defined time intervals in a loop indicated by the dotted line.
Wenn erkannt wird, dass ein solcher dynamischer Betriebsfall unmittelbar bevorsteht, wird in Schritt 40 die Zündung für die Zündeinrichtungen der einzelnen Zylinder mindestens um 5°, vorzugsweise um mindestens 10° (bezogen auf den Katalysatorheizbetrieb) vorgestellt, und zwar solange, bis entweder der dynamische Betrieb beendet ist oder bis die Anspringtemperatur des Katalysators erreicht ist. Wenn mehrere dynamische Betriebe im Katalysatorheizbetrieb erkannt werden, kann die Zündung mehrmals über einen Zeitintervall Richtung früh verstellt werden. If it is detected that such a dynamic operation case is imminent, in step 40 the ignition for the individual cylinder igniters is presented at least 5 °, preferably at least 10 ° (based on the catalyst heating operation), until either the dynamic one Operation is completed or until the light-off temperature of the catalyst is reached. If multiple dynamic operations are detected in the catalyst heating mode, the ignition can be advanced several times over a time interval direction early.
In Fig. 2 sind im mittleren und unteren Bereich die aktuelle Partikelmasse PM, die aktuelle Partikelanzahl PN, die kumulative Partikelmasse PMC und die kumulative Partikelanzahl PNC für einen dynamischen Betriebsbereich innerhalb eines NEDC- Fahrzyklus (New European Driving Cycle) über der Zeit t aufgetragen. Weiters sind im oberen Abschnitt des Diagramms die Geschwindigkeit v des Fahrzeugs sowie der Zündzeitpunkt t, über der Zeit t aufgetragen. Die Kurven 1 bezeichnen dabei jeweils den Fall ohne Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und die Kurven 2 mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren. In FIG. 2, in the middle and lower regions, the actual particulate mass PM, the actual particle number PN, the cumulative particulate mass PM C, and the cumulative particle number PN C for a dynamic operating range within a New European Driving Cycle over time t applied. Furthermore, in the upper section of the diagram, the speed v of the vehicle and the ignition time t, are plotted against the time t. The curves 1 in each case denote the case without application of the method according to the invention and the curves 2 with the method according to the invention.
Deutlich ist zu entnehmen, dass sowohl die aktuellen, als auch die kumulativen Werte für die Partikelmasse PM, PMC und für die Anzahl der Partikel PN, PNC bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (Kurven 2) deutlich besser sind als die Werte welche sich ohne Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (Kurven 1) ergeben. Durch Vorverstellen der Zündung der Zündeinrichtung kann somit sowohl die Partikelanzahl PM, als auch die Partikelmasse PN in den Emissionen wesentlich reduziert werden. Diese Reduktion der Partikelemissionen ist darauf zurück zu führen, dass die höhere Brennraumtemperatur zufolge der Vorverstellung des Zündzeitpunktes die Gemischbildung begünstigt, wodurch es zu einer deutlichen Reduzierung der Partikelmasse und der Partikelanzahl kommt. Des weiteren werden dynamische Vorgänge in der Motorwarmlaufphase vermindert, welche ebenfalls einen Einfluss auf die Partikelentstehung ausüben. It can be clearly seen that both the current and the cumulative values for the particle mass PM, PM C and for the number of particles PN, PN C when using the method according to the invention (curves 2) are significantly better than the values obtained without Application of the method according to the invention (curves 1) result. By Vorverstellen the ignition of the ignition device thus both the particle number PM, and the particle mass PN can be significantly reduced in the emissions. This reduction in particulate emissions is due to the fact that the higher combustion chamber temperature, due to the advance of the ignition timing favors the formation of mixtures, resulting in a significant reduction of the particle mass and the number of particles. Furthermore, dynamic processes are reduced in the engine warm-up phase, which also exert an influence on the particle formation.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT APPLICATIONS
1. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine, wobei in zumindest einem Motorbetriebsbereich zur Erhöhung der Brennraumtemperatur der Zündzeitpunkt zumindest einer Zündeinrichtung vorverstellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorverstellung des Zündzeitpunktes während zumindest eines Katalysatorheizbetriebes durchgeführt wird . 1. A method for operating a spark-ignited internal combustion engine, wherein in at least one engine operating range for increasing the combustion chamber temperature of the ignition timing of at least one ignition device is advanced, characterized in that the advance of the ignition is carried out during at least one Katalysatorheizbetriebes.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorverstellung des Zündzeitpunktes unmittelbar vor zumindest einem dynamischen Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine durchgeführt wird . 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the advance of the ignition is performed immediately before at least one dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch eine Steuereinrichtung ständig oder in definierten Zeitintervallen geprüft wird, ob ein Katalysatorheizbetrieb vorliegt und/oder ob die Katalysatortemperatur unterhalb der Anspringtemperatur des Katalysators liegt. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that is checked by a control device constantly or at defined time intervals, if a catalyst heating operation is present and / or if the catalyst temperature is below the light-off temperature of the catalyst.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch eine Steuereinrichtung ständig oder in definierten Zeitintervallen geprüft wird, ob unmittelbar ein dynamischer Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine bevorsteht. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that is checked by a control device constantly or at defined time intervals, whether immediately a dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine is imminent.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein unmittelbar bevorstehender dynamischer Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine aufgrund einer einen dynamischen Betrieb auslösenden Handlung des Fahrers festgestellt wird . 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an imminent dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine is determined due to a dynamic operation triggering action of the driver.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einen dynamischen Betrieb auslösende Handlung aus einer Kupplungsbetätigung, einem Gangwechsel, einer Gaspedalbetätigung besteht. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the dynamic operation triggering action consists of a clutch operation, a gear change, an accelerator pedal operation.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein unmittelbar bevorstehender dynamischer Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine aufgrund eines vorrausschauenden Fahrleitsystems oder eines Navigationssystems festgestellt wird. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an imminent dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine is determined on the basis of a forward-looking driving control system or a navigation system.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorverstellung des Zündzeitpunktes mehrmals während eines Katalysatorbetriebes durchgeführt wird . 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the advance of the ignition is performed several times during a catalytic converter operation.
9. Steuereinrichtung zum Betreiben einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine, wobei in zumindest einem Motorbetriebsbereich zur Erhöhung der Brennraumtemperatur der Zündzeitpunkt zumindest einer Zündeinrichtung vorverstellbar ist, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgebildet ist, den Zündzeitpunktes zumindest einer Zündeinrichtung während zumindest einer Katalysatorheizbetrieb vorzustellen. 9. Control device for operating a spark-ignited internal combustion engine, wherein in at least one engine operating range for increasing the For performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control device is adapted to present the ignition timing of at least one ignition device during at least one Katalysatorheizbetrieb combustion chamber temperature of the ignition timing of at least one ignition device.
10. Steuereinrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgebildet ist, den Zündzeitpunkt unmittelbar vor zumindest einem dynamischen Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine vorzustellen. 10. Control device according to claim 9, characterized in that the control device is designed to introduce the ignition point immediately before at least one dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine.
11. Steuereinrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgebildet ist, ständig oder in definierten Zeitintervallen zu ermitteln, ob ein Katalysatorheizbetrieb vorliegt und/oder ob die Katalysatortemperatur unterhalb der Anspringtemperatur des Katalysators liegt. 11. Control device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the control device is adapted to determine constantly or at defined time intervals, whether a catalyst heating operation is present and / or whether the catalyst temperature is below the light-off temperature of the catalyst.
12. Steuereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgebildet ist, ständig oder in definierten Zeitintervallen zu ermitteln, ob unmittelbar ein dynamischer Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine bevorsteht. 12. Control device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the control device is adapted to determine constantly or at defined time intervals, whether immediately a dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine is imminent.
13. Steuereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgebildet ist, einen unmittelbar bevorstehenden dynamischen Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine aufgrund einer Lastanforderung des Fahrers festzustellen ist. 13. Control device according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the control device is adapted to detect an imminent dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine due to a load request of the driver.
14. Steuereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgebildet ist, einen unmittelbar bevorstehenden dynamischen Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine aufgrund eines vorrausschauenden Fahrleitsystems oder eines Navigationssystems festzustellen. 14. Control device according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the control device is adapted to detect an imminent dynamic operation of the internal combustion engine due to a forward-looking driving control system or a navigation system.
PCT/EP2010/064774 2009-10-06 2010-10-05 Method for operating a spark-ignited combustion engine WO2011042402A2 (en)

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DE112010003987A5 (en) 2013-04-11
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DE112010003987B4 (en) 2024-02-01
WO2011042402A3 (en) 2011-06-23

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