DE102017221739B4 - Method for operating a drive device and corresponding drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for operating a drive device which has an exhaust gas-generating internal combustion engine and a particle filter for filtering the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, a conditioning operation being carried out after the internal combustion engine has started to operate and / or after the particle filter has been regenerated, and wherein the particle filter is operated by targeted means during the conditioning operation Soot particle entry is conditioned and the internal combustion engine for conditioning the particle filter is used to produce soot particles with a different particle size distribution (d) and / or to produce a larger soot particle mass and / or a larger number of soot particles than during normal operation of the drive device, characterized in that the conditioning operation when a first catalyst threshold temperature is reached, started by a catalytic converter temperature (T) of an exhaust gas catalytic converter and until a second catalytic converter is reached Threshold temperature by the catalyst temperature (T) and / or until an engine threshold temperature is reached by an engine temperature (T) of the internal combustion engine and then terminated.

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a drive device which has an exhaust gas-generating internal combustion engine and a particle filter for filtering the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, a conditioning operation being carried out after the internal combustion engine has started operating and / or after the particle filter has been regenerated, the conditioning operation being carried out during the conditioning operation Particle filter is conditioned by targeted soot particle entry and to condition the particle filter, the internal combustion engine is operated to generate soot particles with a different particle size distribution and / or to produce a larger soot particle mass and / or a larger number of soot particles than during normal operation of the drive device. The invention further relates to a drive device.

The publication is for example from the prior art DE 102 35 76 A1 known. This relates to an exhaust gas filter for cleaning an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, formed from at least one strip-shaped filter layer with at least one filter area made of at least partially permeable material for a fluid and possibly a metal foil, the filter layer having at least one contact area with a catalytically active coating for converting gaseous components of the exhaust gas and a filter area for filtering out particles from the exhaust gas.

The publication also describes DE 10 2009 057 768 A1 a particle filter device for removing particles from the exhaust gas of a combustion system, with at least one retention device for mounting in an exhaust gas flow path of the combustion system, such that the retention device is flowed through by the exhaust gas during operation of the combustion system. Particles from the exhaust gas of a combustion system can be better removed if the retention device has a plurality of retention elements which are movable relative to one another and which are arranged in the exhaust gas flow path in the assembled state of the retention device, in such a way that the exhaust gas flows around them during operation of the combustion system.

The publication DE 10 2010 017 575 A1 describes a method for operating a spark-ignition internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder and at least one exhaust pipe for removing the exhaust gases from this at least one cylinder, in which a particle filter is provided for collecting and burning the soot particles in the exhaust gas and which is equipped with an engine control. The publication also describes an internal combustion engine for carrying out such a method. A method is to be demonstrated which - with only a slight hearing of the exhaust gas back pressure - guarantees or enables a high effectiveness of the particle filter. This is achieved by a method which is characterized in that the raw particle emission of the internal combustion engine is increased by adjusting at least one operating parameter in order to force the loading of the particle filter and thus to increase the efficiency of the filter.

It is an object of the invention to propose a method for operating a drive device which has advantages over known methods, in particular realizes a high filtering effect of the particle filter without structural measures.

This is achieved according to the invention with a method for operating a drive device with the features of claim 1. It is provided that the conditioning operation is started when a first catalyst threshold temperature is reached by a catalytic converter temperature of the exhaust gas catalytic converter and is carried out by an engine temperature of the internal combustion engine until a second catalytic converter threshold temperature is reached and / or until an engine threshold temperature is reached and then terminated.

Basically, provision is made for a conditioning operation to be carried out after the internal combustion engine has started to operate and / or after the particle filter has been regenerated, the particle filter being conditioned by targeted soot particle entry during the conditioning operation and the internal combustion engine for producing soot particles with a different particle size distribution and for conditioning the particle filter / or to generate a larger mass of soot particles and / or a larger number of soot particles than is operated during normal operation of the drive device.

The drive device is intended for use for a motor vehicle, for example, and in this case is assigned to the motor vehicle. The drive device is used to provide a drive torque. If the drive device is assigned to the motor vehicle, it is provided and designed to drive the motor vehicle, in this respect to provide the drive torque which is directed to driving the motor vehicle. To provide the drive torque, the drive device has the internal combustion engine, which generates exhaust gas during its operation.

The internal combustion engine is, for example, as a gasoline engine or as Diesel engine before. In any case, the internal combustion engine generates exhaust gas, which in turn contains soot particles. The exhaust gas or the soot particles arise during the combustion of a fuel or fuel in the internal combustion engine. The soot particles are present in the exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine and are removed together with it.

They arise in particular from incomplete combustion of the fuel.

The particle filter is provided in order to at least partially remove the soot particles from the exhaust gas and thus to prevent the soot particles from being discharged into an external environment of the drive device. This is connected downstream in terms of flow with respect to the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. To this extent, the exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine, preferably completely, is supplied to the particle filter. The particle filter filters the soot particles at least partially out of the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas present downstream of the particle filter contains fewer soot particles than the exhaust gas upstream of the particle filter.

The soot particles filtered out remain in the particle filter and clog it over time. It is therefore necessary to regenerate the particle filter from time to time. For this purpose, the temperature of the particle filter or of the exhaust gas flowing through the particle filter is usually increased such that the soot particles burn. For this purpose, the particle filter can be provided with a catalytic coating which facilitates the burning or burning off of the soot particles, namely in such a way that the burning takes place at a lower temperature than without the coating.

During the regeneration of the particle filter, that is to say when the soot particles are burnt, ash is formed which remains at least partially permanently in the particle filter. On the one hand, a loading of the particle filter with soot particles can be distinguished from a loading of the particle filter with ash. The former can also be referred to as soot loading and the latter as ash loading. The total loading results from the soot loading and the ash loading, for example from a sum of the two values. The load or each of the loads describes the amount of the respective substance in the particle filter. The soot loading stands for the amount of soot in the particle filter and the ash loading for the amount of ash.

The filtration performance of the particle filter depends on various factors, namely in particular on its loading, for example on the soot loading and / or the ash loading and / or the total loading. In the case of the gasoline engine in particular, the filtration performance of the particle filter increases with increasing load, at least up to a certain upper limit, primarily due to the small particle size of the soot particles produced by the gasoline engine. In addition, the regeneration takes place, at least for the gasoline internal combustion engine, in such a way that the soot load is completely reduced so that it is zero or at least low after the regeneration.

In this respect, essentially only the ash charge remains after the regeneration. This means that the filtration performance of the particle filter after regeneration is lower than before and is largely determined by the ash load. In any case, both for the gasoline internal combustion engine and for the diesel internal combustion engine, the filtration performance of the particle filter is particularly low when the particle filter is completely empty, that is to say, for example, when the particle filter is brand new.

For this reason, it is provided to carry out the conditioning operation after the internal combustion engine has started operating and / or after the particle filter has been regenerated. During the conditioning operation, the filtration performance of the particle filter is improved, namely by specifically adding soot particles to it. For this purpose, the drive device or the internal combustion engine is operated in the conditioning operation, that is to say, for example, switched from the normal operation to the conditioning operation. After conditioning, it is again preferred to switch from conditioning operation to normal operation.

The normal operation of the drive device is to be understood as an operating mode in which the drive device is operated as fuel-efficiently as possible and / or with the lowest possible pollutant emissions. For example, in normal operation, it is provided to set them in such a way that the smallest possible soot particle mass is present in the exhaust gas during their operation.

During the conditioning operation, the internal combustion engine is set such that it generates more soot particles, that is to say that the exhaust gas contains a larger mass of soot particles than during normal operation. Additionally or alternatively, the soot particles should have a different particle size or a different particle size distribution than during normal operation. The particle size is to be understood as the average size of the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas. For example, an equivalent diameter of the soot particles, in particular a average equivalent diameter, used as particle size. A geometric equivalent diameter is particularly preferably used, for example a volume-equivalent spherical diameter or a surface-equivalent spherical diameter. The particle size distribution shows the statistical distribution of the particle size for all soot particles, that is, the frequency with which the soot particles have a certain particle size. In other words, the particle size distribution represents a frequency distribution for different particle sizes of the soot particles.

The larger the soot particles, the larger their particle size, the higher the filtration performance of the particle filter, because this increases regardless of the particle size load. The larger the particle size of the soot particles, the more effectively the loading of the soot particle can be increased without undesired particles passing through the particle filter. To condition the particle filter, the particle size distribution can be changed in the direction of larger particle sizes, for example. For example, the larger soot particle mass is brought about solely by increasing the particle size, so that - statistically or on average - the number of soot particles in the exhaust gas during conditioning operation corresponds to or at least approximately corresponds to the number during normal operation.

Additionally or alternatively, however, it can also be provided that the number of soot particles contained in the exhaust gas is increased in the conditioning operation in comparison to the normal operation. This can be accompanied by an increase or decrease in particle size. For example, the particle size distribution is changed in the direction of smaller particle sizes. However, it can also be provided that the particle size during conditioning operation corresponds to or at least approximately corresponds to the particle size during normal operation.

Finally, it is provided according to the invention to selectively introduce particles into the particle filter in order to improve its filtration performance. The conditioning operation is preferably carried out when the loading of the particle filter is low, for example lower than a loading threshold value. It is preferably provided that the conditioning operation is carried out after the internal combustion engine has started operating and / or after the particle filter has been regenerated, for example, however, only if the load is less than the load threshold value. The start of operation of the internal combustion engine is to be understood as starting the internal combustion engine, which is associated with activating an ignition of the internal combustion engine and / or increasing the speed of the internal combustion engine from zero in the direction of an idle speed or to the idle speed.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that, in order to change the particle size distribution and / or the soot particle mass and / or the number of soot particles, the internal combustion engine is operated such that a combustion temperature is lower than during normal operation and / or a fuel mass flow introduced into a combustion chamber is larger than during normal operation, and / or a collision mass flow of fuel injected into the combustion chamber and impinging on a combustion chamber limitation is greater than during normal operation. The lower the combustion temperature, the more soot particles are produced during the operation of the internal combustion engine, in particular because the soot particles are not burned by the engine. In addition, the combustion takes place with a lower efficiency than at higher combustion temperatures.

Additionally or alternatively, the fuel mass flow can be increased, which is introduced into the combustion chamber during operation of the internal combustion engine. In other words, the fuel-air mixture present in the combustion chamber is set richer than during normal operation. The fuel mass flow is particularly preferably set such that there is a lack of air in the combustion chamber, so that the fuel introduced cannot be completely combusted due to the lack of oxygen.

Additionally or alternatively, the introduction of the fuel is carried out in such a way that the collision mass flow is greater than during normal operation. The collision mass flow is to be understood as the amount of fuel per unit of time that strikes the combustion chamber limitation. The combustion chamber limitation is to be understood to mean any device delimiting the combustion chamber. For example, the combustion chamber boundary is formed jointly by a cylinder wall, a cylinder roof and a piston crown. Other elements present in the combustion chamber, for example a spark plug or the like, also form part of the combustion chamber limitation.

If fuel strikes the combustion chamber boundary after it has been introduced, namely in a still liquid state, it is only incompletely burned during operation of the internal combustion engine, so that the soot particle mass and / or the particle size increases. The measures mentioned can be carried out in a simple manner without additional structural measures. For example, to increase the collision mass flow the fuel pressure increases or the time of introduction of the fuel changes. In other words, the injection time of the fuel is changed in such a way that wall wetting occurs more strongly. During homogeneous operation, this takes place with injection in the vicinity of a charge change, in operation with multiple injection by shifting a last injection towards an upper ignition dead center (ignition TDC).

Within the scope of a further embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the conditioning operation is carried out before normal operation. For example, after starting the internal combustion engine, it is provided to first carry out the conditioning operation and then to switch to normal operation. In other words, a switch is made from the conditioning operation to normal operation and the internal combustion engine is operated accordingly to generate soot particles with a smaller particle size and / or to produce a smaller soot particle mass than during the conditioning operation.

For example, it is provided that the conditioning operation is carried out only once after each start of operation of the internal combustion engine, or at least checked on the basis of the loading whether it is necessary to carry out the conditioning operation and to carry out the conditioning operation if this condition applies. The normal operation is then carried out, so that no restrictions result from changed operating parameters of the internal combustion engine for driving the motor vehicle. With such a procedure, there are no losses during operation of the drive device.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the conditioning operation is carried out after a heating operation serving to heat up the particle filter and / or an exhaust gas catalytic converter of the drive device. The heating operation serves to heat the particle filter or the exhaust gas catalytic converter, that is to say to raise the temperature in the direction of or to a respective operating temperature. The operating temperature of the particle filter and / or the operating temperature of the exhaust gas catalytic converter is to be understood in each case that temperature which is intended to be present during permanent, intended operation. For example, an optimum filtration performance of the particle filter or an optimal conversion performance of the exhaust gas catalytic converter is achieved at the operating temperature.

During the operation of the internal combustion engine, that is to say also during the conditioning operation, it generates pollutants which are contained in the exhaust gas or are removed together with it. In order to prevent these pollutants from getting into the external environment of the drive device during the conditioning operation, the particle filter or the exhaust gas catalytic converter should first be heated up, so that the filtration performance or the conversion performance increases. As a result, pollutant emissions from the drive device are already significantly reduced during the conditioning operation. The particulate filter is heated in particular when the exhaust gas catalytic converter is integrated in the particulate filter, for example in the form of a catalytic coating of the particulate filter.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the combustion temperature is set lower during the conditioning operation than during the heating operation. First of all, the internal combustion engine is operated at a higher combustion temperature during the heating operation, which precedes the conditioning operation. In contrast, during the conditioning operation, the combustion temperature is reduced in order to increase the particle size and / or the soot particle mass. The combustion temperature can then be set higher again during normal operation following the conditioning operation than during the conditioning operation. To carry out the conditioning operation, the combustion temperature is temporarily lowered. This enables a particularly efficient and simple possibility to carry out the conditioning operation.

The invention provides that the conditioning operation is started when a first catalyst threshold temperature is reached by a catalyst temperature of the exhaust gas catalytic converter. The catalyst temperature is preferably measured using a temperature sensor. However, it can also be calculated using a model or otherwise estimated. For example, the heating operation is carried out to increase the catalyst temperature. As soon as the exhaust gas catalytic converter or its catalytic converter temperature has reached the first catalytic converter threshold temperature, it can be assumed that its conversion capacity is sufficient to carry out a sufficient cleaning of the pollutants from the exhaust gas. In addition, it can be provided that the conditioning operation is started after a certain delay period has elapsed after the internal combustion engine has started operating.

Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that the conditioning operation only after expiration start or initiate the determined delay time. The delay period begins with the start of operation and has a certain length. It is preferably provided that both conditions must be fulfilled, that is, both the delay period has elapsed and the catalyst temperature must have reached the catalyst threshold temperature. Both conditions can be implemented with simple means, in particular using already existing devices of the drive device, so that in particular no additional devices are necessary.

The invention provides that the conditioning operation is carried out until a second catalyst threshold temperature is reached by the catalyst temperature and / or until an engine threshold temperature is reached by an engine temperature of the internal combustion engine and then terminated. The conditioning operation is carried out until one or more of the conditions mentioned are met. It may be sufficient that exactly one of the conditions is met. However, it is preferable to check whether several or all of the conditions mentioned have been met and the conditioning operation is only terminated when these have been met. In addition, it can be provided that the conditioning operation is carried out by a total loading of the particle filter until the end of a specific conditioning period from the start of the conditioning operation and / or until an overall loading threshold value is reached, and is then ended.

For example, it can be checked whether the catalyst temperature has reached or exceeded the second catalyst threshold temperature. The second catalyst threshold temperature is higher than the first catalyst threshold temperature. Additionally or alternatively, the engine temperature is compared to the engine threshold temperature. The conditioning operation can only be ended when the engine temperature has reached or exceeded the engine threshold temperature. The engine temperature is preferably measured using a temperature sensor. The engine temperature can also be determined in a different way, for example by means of a model.

It is particularly easy to implement the condition that the conditioning operation is only ended when the specific conditioning period has expired. The conditioning period begins with the start of the conditioning operation and has a certain length. Additionally or alternatively, the total load of the particle filter can be determined and compared with the total load threshold value. The conditioning operation is only ended when the total load has reached or exceeded the total load threshold value. Instead of the total load, the soot load or the ash load can also be used and correspondingly compared with a soot load threshold or an ash load threshold. The use of the conditions mentioned ensures that the particle filter has a sufficient filtration capacity after the conditioning operation. In addition, the conditions can be implemented in a simple manner.

A particularly preferred further embodiment of the invention provides that the particle filter is regenerated by a soot loading of the particle filter when a first soot loading threshold value is reached, by performing a regeneration operation, in particular until the total loading threshold value is reached by the total loading and / or until a second soot loading threshold value is undershot due to the soot loading. The soot loading of the particle filter is measured, for example, in particular determined using a differential pressure measurement. As an alternative, the soot loading can also be determined in another way, for example by means of a corresponding model.

If the soot loading reaches or exceeds the first soot loading threshold value, it is necessary to carry out the regeneration operation during which the soot particles present in the particle filter are burned and at least partially converted to ash. In other words, the particle filter is regenerated during the regeneration operation and its soot load is reduced. The regeneration operation is provided, for example, when the total load of the particle filter reaches or exceeds the total load threshold value.

It can be provided that the conditioning operation is carried out first until the total load of the particle filter reaches or exceeds the total load threshold. Immediately afterwards, the regeneration operation is carried out, in which the total load of the particle filter is reduced again. However, because the soot particles present in the soot particle are converted to ash, a higher filtration capacity remains after the regeneration operation than before the conditioning operation.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the regeneration operation is carried out until the soot loading reaches or falls below the second soot loading threshold value. The second soot loading threshold is smaller than the first soot loading threshold, so that a regeneration operation Reduction of soot loading is achieved. This procedure has the advantage that a sufficient filtration performance of the particle filter is always achieved.

Finally, it can be provided within the scope of a preferred further embodiment of the invention that the conditioning time period is determined as a function of the total load and / or the soot load and / or an age of the particle filter. The conditioning period is preferably the period over which the conditioning operation is carried out at least. To this extent, the conditioning operation is not ended before the conditioning period expires. The conditioning period can be selected depending on at least one of the following parameters: total load, soot load and age of the particle filter.

For example, the conditioning time span is chosen to be shorter the higher the total load and / or the soot load. The total load is preferably weighted higher than the soot load. Conversely, the higher the age of the particle filter, the shorter the conditioning time period, because with increasing age the total load usually rises due to the ash remaining in the particle filter. Specifying the conditioning time period on the basis of the parameters explained is particularly easy to implement and requires no additional facilities.

The invention further relates to a drive device, in particular for performing the method according to the statements in the context of this description, which has an internal combustion engine producing exhaust gas and a particle filter for filtering the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. It is provided that the drive device is designed to carry out a conditioning operation after the internal combustion engine has started operating and / or after the particle filter has been regenerated, the particle filter being conditioned by targeted soot particle entry during the conditioning operation and the internal combustion engine for generating soot particles to condition the particle filter is operated with a different particle size distribution and / or to produce a larger soot particle mass and / or a larger number of soot particles than during normal operation of the drive device. Furthermore, it is provided that the conditioning operation is started when a first catalyst threshold temperature is reached by a catalytic converter temperature of the exhaust gas catalytic converter and is carried out by an engine temperature of the internal combustion engine until a second catalytic converter threshold temperature is reached and / or until an engine threshold temperature is reached and then terminated.

The advantages of such a procedure or of such a configuration of the drive device have already been pointed out. Both the drive device and the method for operating it can be further developed in accordance with the explanations in the context of this description, so that reference is made to this extent.

• 1 ein Diagramm, in welchem eine Katalysatortemperatur und eine Motortemperatur sowie Filtrationsleistungen eines Partikelfilters einer Antriebseinrichtung über der Zeit aufgetragen sind, sowie
• 2 ein Diagramm, in welchem zwei Häufigkeitsverteilungen über einer Partikelgröße für unterschiedliche Betriebsarten der Antriebseinrichtung aufgetragen sind.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing, without the invention being restricted. It shows:

• 1 a diagram in which a catalyst temperature and an engine temperature as well as filtration performance of a particle filter of a drive device are plotted over time, and
• 2nd a diagram in which two frequency distributions are plotted against a particle size for different operating modes of the drive device.

The 1 shows a diagram in which a course 1 an engine temperature of an internal combustion engine of a drive device over time t is applied. There is also a course in the diagram 2nd a catalytic converter temperature of an exhaust gas catalytic converter of the drive device, the exhaust gas catalytic converter being used to purify exhaust gas that is generated by the internal combustion engine during its operation. Eventually, courses show 3rd and 4th the filtration efficiency η a particle filter, which is used to filter the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.

It is preferably provided that the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is fed completely to both the exhaust gas catalytic converter and the particle filter and then, ie after both the exhaust gas catalytic converter and the particle filter have flowed through the exhaust gas, into an external environment of the drive device. The history 3rd shows the filtration efficiency η of the particle filter for a conventional method for operating the drive device.

The history 4th shows the filtration efficiency η for an improved operating method of the drive device. Within its framework, it is provided that a conditioning operation is carried out after the internal combustion engine has started to operate and / or after the particle filter has been regenerated. The conditioning company serves to make the filtration efficient η or to improve the filtration performance of the particle filter by specifically introducing soot particles into it.

For conditioning the particle filter, it is provided that the internal combustion engine be operated during the conditioning operation to produce soot particles with a different particle size or a different particle size distribution and / or to generate a larger soot particle mass and / or soot particle number than during normal operation of the drive device. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the internal combustion engine starts operating at the time t ₀ . This is followed by a heating operation during which the internal combustion engine is operated for the rapid heating up of the exhaust gas catalytic converter. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the heating operation up to the point in time t ₁ carried out and immediately afterwards switched to the conditioning operation for conditioning the particle filter.

It is clearly recognizable that at the time t ₁ the catalytic converter temperature of the exhaust gas catalytic converter has almost reached its operating temperature Ts. The conditioning company is up to the point in time t ₂ carried out. It can be clearly seen that by conditioning the particle filter during the conditioning operation, its filtration performance according to the course 4th increases significantly faster than when a normal operating method is carried out, in which normal operation immediately follows heating-up operation. Normal operation becomes for the embodiment shown here from the time t ₂ carried out.

The 2nd shows a diagram in which courses 5 and 6 two different particle size distributions show, the particle size distribution the frequency q over the particle size in the form of the equivalent diameter d the soot particle describes. The internal combustion engine is now operated such that the course during normal operation 5 is present, whereas the course during conditioning operation for conditioning the particle filter 6 is present. It becomes clear that the course 6 has its maximum with a larger particle size than the course 5 . By operating the internal combustion engine such that the average particle size during the conditioning operation is different, in particular larger, than during normal operation, the filtration performance of the particle filter is increased rapidly.

Overall, the described method for operating the drive device enables a rapid increase in the filtration performance of the particle filter. This is possible without additional facilities. Rather, the method can easily be applied to existing drive devices.

Reference list

1

History of the engine temperature

2nd

Course of the catalyst temperature

3rd

Filtration efficiency without conditioning

4th

Filtration efficiency with conditioning

5

Particle size distribution

6

Particle size distribution

d

Equivalence diameter

t

time

t ₀

Start of operation of the internal combustion engine

t ₁

Beginning of the conditioning business

t ₂

End of conditioning business

T

Temperature of the engine and / or the catalytic converter

T _s

Operating temperature of the catalyst

q

frequency

η

Filtration efficiency

Claims (10)

Method for operating a drive device which has an exhaust gas-generating internal combustion engine and a particle filter for filtering the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, a conditioning operation being carried out after the internal combustion engine has started to operate and / or after the particle filter has been regenerated, and wherein the particle filter is operated by targeted means during the conditioning operation Soot particle entry is conditioned and the internal combustion engine for conditioning the particle filter is used to produce soot particles with a different particle size distribution (d) and / or to produce a larger soot particle mass and / or a larger number of soot particles than during normal operation of the drive device, characterized in that the conditioning operation when a first catalytic converter threshold temperature is reached, started by a catalytic converter temperature (T) of an exhaust gas catalytic converter and until a second catalytic converter is reached gate threshold temperature by the catalyst temperature (T) and / or until an engine threshold temperature is reached by an engine temperature (T) of the internal combustion engine and then terminated. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that to change the particle size distribution and / or the soot particle mass and / or the number of soot particles, the internal combustion engine is operated in such a way that - a combustion temperature is lower than during normal operation, and / or - a fuel mass flow introduced into a combustion chamber is greater than during of normal operation, and / or - a collision mass flow impinging on a combustion chamber limitation of the fuel introduced into the combustion chamber is greater than during normal operation. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conditioning operation is carried out before normal operation. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conditioning operation is carried out after a heating operation serving to heat up the particle filter and / or the exhaust gas catalytic converter of the drive device. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combustion temperature is set lower during the conditioning operation than during the heating operation. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conditioning operation is started after a certain delay period from the start of operation of the internal combustion engine. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conditioning operation is carried out until the end of a specific conditioning time period from the start of the conditioning operation and / or until an overall loading threshold value is reached by means of an overall loading of the particle filter and then terminated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particle filter is regenerated by a soot loading of the particle filter when a first soot loading threshold value is reached, in that a regeneration operation is carried out, in particular until the total loading threshold value is reached by the total loading and / or until a second soot loading threshold value is undershot due to the soot loading. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conditioning time period is determined as a function of the total load and / or the soot load and / or an age of the particle filter. Drive device, in particular for carrying out the method according to one or more of the preceding claims, which has an exhaust gas-generating internal combustion engine and a particle filter for filtering the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, the drive device being designed to start the engine after operation and / or to regenerate the engine Particle filter to perform a conditioning operation, and during the conditioning operation, the particle filter is conditioned by targeted soot particle entry and to condition the particle filter, the internal combustion engine for producing soot particles with a different particle size distribution (d) and / or for producing a larger soot particle mass and / or a larger number of soot particles is operated during normal operation of the drive device, characterized in that the conditioning operation when a first catalyst threshold temperature d Started by a catalyst temperature (T) of an exhaust gas catalytic converter and carried out until a second catalyst threshold temperature is reached by the catalyst temperature (T) and / or until an engine threshold temperature is reached by an engine temperature (T) of the internal combustion engine and then terminated.

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