WO2011040412A1 - 組電池制御装置 - Google Patents
組電池制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011040412A1 WO2011040412A1 PCT/JP2010/066851 JP2010066851W WO2011040412A1 WO 2011040412 A1 WO2011040412 A1 WO 2011040412A1 JP 2010066851 W JP2010066851 W JP 2010066851W WO 2011040412 A1 WO2011040412 A1 WO 2011040412A1
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- voltage
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- cell
- reference voltage
- assembled battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an assembled battery control device.
- Patent Literature 1 has proposed an assembled battery control device having a function of detecting that a reference voltage for detecting overcharge or overdischarge of an assembled battery has changed spontaneously.
- this assembled battery control device when comparing the voltage of a unit cell constituting the assembled battery with a reference voltage, the reference voltage is relatively changed to a specific voltage by one step.
- the magnitude relationship between the reference voltage and the unit cell voltage does not reverse despite the relative change of the reference voltage, it is determined that the spontaneous change of the reference voltage is large. In this way, a spontaneous change in the reference voltage is detected.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an assembled battery control device that can improve the reliability of determination of a spontaneous change in a reference voltage.
- an assembled battery control device that monitors voltages of a plurality of cells that are connected in series with each other and constitute an assembled battery, Voltage detection means for detecting the voltage of the cell; A reference voltage generating means for generating a reference voltage; Voltage comparison means for comparing the cell voltage with a reference voltage; Switching means having a plurality of voltage switching circuits for relatively changing the reference voltage; While determining the state of the assembled battery based on the comparison result output from the voltage comparison means, the comparison result of the cell voltage detected by the voltage detection means and the reference voltage and the reference voltage is divided into multiple stages by the plurality of voltage switching circuits Determination means for determining the presence or absence of spontaneous change of the reference voltage based on the comparison result of the voltage comparison means when the relative change is made, The range of relative change of the reference voltage by the plurality of voltage switching circuits is set to the working voltage range used in the cell in the entire voltage range from the minimum voltage to the maximum voltage of the cell, The
- the voltage range in which the reference voltage is relatively changed is limited to the voltage range used in the cell, the number of detection voltage switching circuits provided in the switching unit can be minimized. . Therefore, an increase in the circuit scale of the assembled battery control device can be suppressed.
- the range of relative change of the reference voltage is set such that the upper limit value of the range indicates the overcharge of the cell, and the determination means sets the upper limit of the range of relative change of the reference voltage. When the value is exceeded, an abnormality determination that the cell is overcharged is performed.
- the range of the relative change in the reference voltage is set such that the lower limit value of the range indicates the overdischarge of the cell, and the determination means includes the range of the relative change in the reference voltage. When it is determined that the value falls below the lower limit value, the cell operation is stopped.
- the circuit configured to include the reference voltage generation means, the voltage comparison means, and the switching means is an overcharge / discharge detection circuit
- a plurality of overcharge / discharge detection circuits are provided for one of the plurality of cells.
- the redundancy of cell voltage monitoring can be increased.
- the voltage range for relative change of the reference voltage is limited to the voltage range used in the cell.
- the number of voltage switching circuits provided can be minimized. Therefore, even if the redundancy of overcharge / discharge monitoring is increased, an increase in the circuit scale of the assembled battery control device can be suppressed.
- the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the operating voltage range is a range set around the most frequently used voltage in the entire voltage range.
- the cell is mounted on a vehicle capable of traveling by at least one of the driving force output from the internal combustion engine and the driving force output from the traveling electric motor, and is used in the cell.
- the range is characterized by being within a range of ⁇ 20% or less, centered on 60% with respect to the full charge voltage of the cell.
- a so-called hybrid vehicle frequently uses a voltage of about 60% of the full charge voltage of the cell.
- Overcharge / discharge can be appropriately determined by limiting the range of the voltage to change the relative voltage to the range of 60% ⁇ 20%.
- the cell is mounted on a vehicle capable of traveling by the driving force output from the electric motor for traveling, and the operating voltage range used in the cell is 40 with respect to the full charge voltage of the cell. % To 80%.
- a voltage that is 80% of the full charge voltage of the cell is frequently used.
- Overcharge / discharge can be appropriately determined by limiting the amount to a range from% to -40% or less.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an assembled battery control system including an assembled battery control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which showed the voltage characteristic of the lithium ion battery. It is a figure for demonstrating the number of voltage switching circuits. It is a flowchart showing the content of the abnormality detection process which detects overcharge. It is a whole block diagram of the assembled battery control system containing the assembled battery control apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
- the assembled battery control device shown in the present embodiment is, for example, a vehicle capable of traveling by at least one of a driving force output from an internal combustion engine and a driving force output from a traveling electric motor, that is, a hybrid vehicle (HV vehicle) or the like. It can be applied to the monitoring of the onboard battery installed. Moreover, the assembled battery control device shown in the present embodiment can be applied to monitoring a vehicle battery mounted on a vehicle that can travel by a driving force output from the traveling electric motor, that is, an electric vehicle (EV vehicle) or the like. it can.
- a vehicle battery mounted on a vehicle that can travel by a driving force output from the traveling electric motor that is, an electric vehicle (EV vehicle) or the like. it can.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an assembled battery control including the assembled battery control device according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the assembled battery control system includes an assembled battery 1 and an assembled battery control device 2.
- the assembled battery 1 is a voltage source configured by connecting a plurality of cells 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d in series with each other. Each of the cells 1a to 1d is, for example, a rechargeable lithium ion secondary battery.
- the assembled battery 1 is used as a power supply source when assisting the engine with a motor when the vehicle is accelerated, for example, in the case of an HV vehicle.
- the assembled battery 1 is used as a power supply source of a motor that generates a driving force of an electric motor for traveling.
- the assembled battery control device 2 is a device configured to monitor the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d by comparing the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d with a specified value (threshold value). Since the cells 1a to 1d are secondary batteries, the assembled battery control device 2 monitors overcharge and overdischarge of the cells 1a to 1d.
- Such an assembled battery control device 2 includes an overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 and a battery ECU 4.
- the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 is a circuit configured to monitor the state of a plurality of cells 1a to 1d as one block.
- four cells 1a to 1d are formed as one block, and one overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 is connected to the one block.
- FIG. 1 shows one of the blocks and one overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3.
- the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 inputs the voltage at both ends of the corresponding block, and outputs the voltage at both ends to the battery ECU 4. For this reason, the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 outputs the positive terminal 10 for outputting the positive side voltage (VBB1) of the corresponding block and the negative terminal for outputting the negative side voltage (VBB2) of the corresponding block. 11 and switches 20 and 21.
- the positive electrode terminal 10 and the negative electrode terminal 11 are connected to the battery ECU 4 when a switch 20 and a switch 21 provided between the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 and the battery ECU 4 are turned on / off by the battery ECU 4.
- the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 includes reference voltage sources 30, 31, 32, and 33, a switching unit 40, comparators 50, 51, 52, and 53, an OR circuit 60, an AND circuit 61, and an I / F unit. 70.
- the reference voltage sources 30 to 33 are voltage sources that generate a constant reference voltage (V ref ) with reference to the potential on the negative side of the cells 1a to 1d.
- the reference voltage sources 30 to 33 are connected between the inverting input terminals ( ⁇ ) of the comparators 50 to 53 and the negative sides of the cells 1a to 1d, respectively.
- the switching unit 40 is a switch unit configured to generate a threshold voltage corresponding to a threshold from the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d. In other words, it serves to change the reference voltage relatively. This threshold voltage is output to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the comparators 50-53.
- the switching unit 40 has a plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 for each of the cells 1a to 1d in order to change the reference voltage relative to each other.
- Each voltage switching circuit 41 includes a pnp-type transistor 42, resistors 43, 44 and 45, and a diode 46.
- the emitter of the transistor 42 is connected to the positive side of the cell 1 a, and the collector of the transistor 42 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator 50 via the resistor 43.
- a resistor 44 is connected between the base of the transistor 42 and the positive side of the cell 1a, and a resistor 45 and a diode 46 are connected to the base.
- the diode 46 is connected to the collector of the transistor 47 provided in the switching unit 40, and is connected to the negative electrode side of the cell 1a via the collector and emitter of the transistor 47.
- the transistor 47 is common to the voltage switching circuits 41 related to the cells 1a to 1d connected in series.
- the transistor 47 is driven in response to the clock signal CLK1 input to the clock terminal 12 provided in the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3. That is, when the connection point of the resistors 62 and 63 connected in series between the clock terminal 12 and the negative side of the cell 1d is connected to the base of the transistor 47, and the clock signal CLK1 is logic “H”, the transistor 47 Becomes conductive.
- the logic “H” or “L” of the clock signal CLK1 is generated when the battery ECU 4 turns on / off the switch 22 between the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 and the battery ECU 4.
- a plurality of such voltage switching circuits 41 are provided for one cell 1a.
- a resistor 48 and a resistor 49 are connected in series to both ends of the cell 1a, and each resistor 43 of the voltage switching circuit 41 provided for one cell 1a is connected to a connection point of the resistors 48 and 49, respectively. ing. This connection point is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator 50.
- each voltage switching circuit 41 is connected to the transistor 47, and the clock signals CLK 1 to CLKn are input to each transistor 47.
- n corresponds to the number of voltage switching circuits 41 provided in one cell 1a.
- the bases of the transistors 47 are connected from the connection points of the resistors 62 and 63 respectively connected to the clock terminals 13, 14, and 15 provided in the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 in the same manner as the clock signal CLK1. Respectively.
- the clock terminals 13, 14, and 15 are connected to the battery ECU 4 via the switches 23, 24, and 25. When the switches 23, 24, and 25 are turned on / off by the battery ECU 4, the clock signals CLK2 to CLKn are turned on. Is generated.
- a plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 are provided for one cell 1a.
- the clock signal CLK1 is set to logic “H”
- one transistor 47 is turned on.
- one transistor 42 of the plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 is turned on, so that the potential at the connection point of the resistors 48 and 49 changes. This has the same effect as lowering the threshold voltage compared with the voltage across the cell 1a.
- the threshold voltage value is set by controlling on / off of each transistor 42 of each voltage switching circuit 41. It is possible to switch in stages.
- the maximum value and the minimum value of the range in which the threshold voltage is switched in stages are the threshold voltage indicating overcharge and the threshold voltage indicating overdischarge.
- the comparators 50 to 53 compare the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d with the reference voltage.
- the threshold voltages switched by the switching unit 40 are input to the non-inverting input terminals of the comparators 50 to 53, and the reference voltages of the reference voltage sources 30 to 33 are input to the inverting input terminals, respectively. That is, a reference voltage based on the negative side voltage of each cell 1a to 1d is input to the inverting input terminal of each comparator 50 to 53, and the voltage across each cell 1a to 1d is input to the non-inverting input terminal.
- a predetermined partial pressure that is, a threshold voltage
- the OR circuit 60 is a logic circuit that generates a logical sum signal of the outputs of the comparators 50 to 53.
- the AND circuit 61 is a logic circuit that generates a logical product signal of the outputs of the comparators 50 to 53. Based on the combination of these logical sum signal, logical product signal, and clock signals CLK1 to CLKn, the battery ECU 4 determines overcharge or overdischarge.
- the logical sum of the clock signals CLK1 to CLKn, the output of the OR circuit 60, and the output of the AND circuit 61 is logic “H”. Means that all of the cells 1a to 1d are normal, not overcharged. Further, when the logical sum of the clock signals CLK1 to CLKn, the output of the OR circuit 60, and the output of the AND circuit 61 is logic “L”, whether or not at least one of the cells 1a to 1d is in the overcharge state 40, any one of the reference voltage sources 30 to 33 and the comparators 50 to 53 is abnormal.
- the I / F unit 70 is a constant current circuit that outputs the logical sum signal and the logical product signal to the battery ECU 4 based on the outputs of the OR circuit 60 and the AND circuit 61, respectively.
- Such an I / F unit 70 includes a resistor 71, a diode 72, a pnp transistor 73, a resistor 74, a resistor 75, and a resistor 76.
- the resistor 75 and the resistor 76 are connected in series, and the resistor 75 is connected to the positive side of the block (four cells 1a to 1d connected in series).
- the resistor 71 is connected between the output terminal of the OR circuit 60 and the positive side of the block.
- the diode 72 is connected between the positive side of the block and the output terminal of the OR circuit 60.
- the base of the transistor 73 is connected to the output terminal of the OR circuit 60, and the emitter of the transistor 73 is connected to the positive side of the block via the resistor 74. Further, the collector of the transistor 73 is connected to the resistor 76.
- the configuration for the AND circuit 61 is the same as the configuration for the OR circuit 60 described above. According to such a configuration, each transistor 73 is turned on / off by the output of the OR circuit 60 and the AND circuit 61, so that the combined resistance value of the I / F unit 70 changes.
- the resistor 76 of the I / F unit 70 is connected to the negative side of the block via the resistor 64 provided in the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3, and the connection point between the resistor 76 and the resistor 64 is the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3.
- the output terminal 16 is connected to the battery ECU 4 when a switch 26 provided between the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 and the battery ECU 4 is turned on / off by the battery ECU 4.
- the logical sum signal or logical product signal output from the I / F unit 70 is used as the output (OCDS) of the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 and input to the battery ECU 4.
- the battery ECU 4 has a function of determining the state of the assembled battery 1 based on the comparison results output from the comparators 50 to 53. That is, the battery ECU 4 determines whether or not the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d are within a certain voltage range, based on the output (OCDS) of the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 and the logic combination of the clock signals CLK1 to CLKn. Thereby, the battery ECU 4 detects overcharge or overdischarge of the cells 1a to 1d, and consequently determines the state of the assembled battery 1.
- the battery ECU 4 also outputs the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d detected by the block voltage detector 4a and the outputs of the comparators 50 to 53 when the reference voltage is relatively changed by a plurality of voltage switching circuits 41. And a function for determining whether or not there is a spontaneous change in the reference voltage. For this reason, the battery ECU 4 includes a block voltage detection unit 4a.
- the block voltage detector 4a detects a block voltage, that is, a voltage in which four cells 1a to 1d are connected in series. For this reason, the block voltage detection unit 4 a is connected to the positive terminal 10 through the switch 20 and is connected to the negative terminal 11 through the switch 21. Then, the block voltage detector 4a obtains the average value of the voltages of one cell by dividing the detected block voltage by the number of cells 1a to 1d. The estimated values of the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d thus obtained are used for detecting spontaneous changes in the reference voltage in the switching unit 40.
- the battery ECU 4 detects a spontaneous change in the reference voltage as follows. First, the block voltage detector 4a detects the block voltage. Further, the battery ECU 4 obtains the outputs of the comparators 50 to 53 when the voltage switching circuit 41 of the switching unit 40 is switched to relatively change the reference voltage. That is, the battery ECU 4 acquires the outputs of the OR circuit 60 and the AND circuit 61.
- the battery ECU 4 compares the comparison result of the magnitude relationship between the estimated value of the voltage of the cells 1a to 1d detected by the block voltage detection unit 4a and the reference voltage, and the reference voltage is relative to the plurality of stages by the plurality of voltage switching circuits 41.
- the comparison result of the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 when changed (that is, the output of the OR circuit 60 and the AND circuit 61) is compared. As a result, if the comparison results match, it is determined that there is no abnormality, and if the comparison results do not match, it is determined that a spontaneous change in the reference voltage has occurred.
- Such a battery ECU 4 includes a microcomputer (not shown) composed of a CPU, ROM, EEPROM, RAM, etc., and monitors overcharge / discharge of each of the cells 1a to 1d of the block and spontaneously generates a reference voltage according to a program stored in the microcomputer. Detect changes.
- the above is the overall configuration of the assembled battery control system and the assembled battery control device 2 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the voltage characteristics of a lithium ion battery, in which the horizontal axis indicates the state of charge (SOC) between the cells, and the vertical axis indicates the cell terminal voltage (voltage across one cell).
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the number of voltage switching circuits 41.
- the SOC being 100% corresponds to the fact that one cell 1a to 1d is fully charged.
- the voltage characteristics of the lithium ion battery increase rapidly until the cell terminal voltage is about 3.3 V when the SOC is 0 to several percent.
- the cell terminal voltage increases at a constant rate.
- the rate of increase is larger than the several percent to 100% until the SOC reaches about 120%. It rises at an increasing rate.
- the cell terminal voltage when the SOC is 120% is about 5.0V.
- the total voltage range 80 of the battery is a range from the minimum voltage to the maximum voltage, the total voltage range 80 is 0V to 5.0V. That is, the total voltage range 80 of each of the cells 1a to 1d is 0V to 5.0V. This corresponds to a SOC range of 0% to 120%.
- the assembled battery 1 is mounted on, for example, an HV vehicle or an EV vehicle as described above.
- the working voltage ranges 81 and 82 for the entire voltage range 80 are set by these HV vehicles and EV vehicles. That is, the entire voltage range 80 of the cells 1a to 1d is 0 to 5.0V, but a part of this range is used.
- the used voltage ranges 81 and 82 are voltage ranges used in the cells 1a to 1d in the entire voltage range 80, and are ranges set around the most frequently used voltage in the entire voltage range 80. This makes it possible to appropriately determine overcharge and overdischarge with respect to the voltage that is used most frequently.
- the operating voltage range 81 used in each of the cells 1a to 1d is the full charge voltage of the cells 1a to 1d.
- the range is 60% ⁇ 20%. That is, the operating voltage range 81 of the cells 1a to 1d in the HV vehicle corresponds to a cell terminal voltage corresponding to SOC of 40% to 80%.
- the range of the cell terminal voltage is, for example, 3.6V to 3.8V.
- the use voltage range 81 is a range of 60% ⁇ 20% with respect to the full charge voltage of the cells 1a to 1d. It is preferable to limit to. Furthermore, if it limits according to use frequency, it is possible to further limit a use voltage range by setting it as +/- 20% or less, for example, +/- 10%.
- the operating voltage range 82 used in each of the cells 1a to 1d is, for example, 20 with respect to the full charge voltage of the cells 1a to 1d. % To 90%. That is, the working voltage range 82 corresponds to a cell terminal voltage corresponding to an SOC of 20% to 90%.
- the most frequently used voltage in the entire voltage range 80 that is, the SOC is 80%
- the used voltage range 82 is 80% to ⁇ 40% with respect to the full charge voltage of the cells 1a to 1d. Is preferable ( ⁇ 40% to + 0% with respect to 80%).
- the range of the cell terminal voltage is, for example, 3.5V to 4.0V. Furthermore, if it is limited according to the frequency of use, it is possible to further limit the operating voltage range by setting it to ⁇ 40% or less, for example ⁇ 20%.
- the voltage of the cells 1a to 1d in the HV vehicle and EV vehicle exceeds the use voltage range 81, 82, it is regarded as an abnormal voltage, and when it falls below the use voltage range 81, 82, it is regarded as an operation prohibition voltage.
- the range of relative change of the reference voltage by the plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 is set in some of the use voltage ranges 81 and 82 in the entire voltage range 80 of the cells 1a to 1d.
- the relative change range of the reference voltage is such that the upper limit value of the range is set to a voltage indicating overcharge of the cells 1a to 1d, and the lower limit value of the range is set to a voltage indicating overdischarge of the cells 1a to 1d.
- the plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 are set to be a part of the number corresponding to the entire voltage range 80, that is, a range corresponding to the use voltage ranges 81 and 82, and the number of voltage switching circuits 41 is also used. A number suitable for the voltage ranges 81 and 82 is set.
- the voltage switching interval is 0.2 V in the entire voltage range 80, that is, 0 V to 5.0 V
- 25 voltage switching circuits 41 are required.
- the operating voltage ranges 81 and 82 are 3.
- the number of voltage switching circuits 41 is five.
- the range of relative change in the reference voltage is limited to the use voltage ranges 81 and 82, the number and circuit scale of the voltage switching circuits 41 can be suppressed.
- the error determination deviation amount is up to a reference voltage of 0.4V.
- the switching width of the voltage by the voltage switching circuit 41 becomes 4.4 V when the voltage is shifted from the upper limit of use of 4.0 V by 0.4 V, and the abnormality detectability decreases. Therefore, depending on the upper limit of use, if the voltage switching interval is set to 0.1V, as shown in FIG. 3, the abnormality determination is “first measurement voltage + maximum 0.2V”, and the abnormality detection is upper limit of use 4.0V. Can be suppressed to 4.2V.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the contents of an abnormality detection process for detecting overcharge / discharge.
- This abnormality detection process is performed by executing a program stored in the battery ECU 4.
- the abnormality detection process is started, for example, when the power source of the battery ECU 4 is turned on or off, or when the battery ECU 4 receives a command from the outside.
- step 100 voltage measurement is performed. That is, the output (OCDS) of the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 when the clock signals CLK1 to CLKn are input to the voltage switching circuits 41 of the switching unit 40 and the threshold voltage is switched stepwise is input to the battery ECU 4. .
- step 110 it is determined whether or not the operating voltage range is 81 or 82 based on the output (OCDS) obtained in step 100 and the clock signals CLK1 to CLKn. In other words, it is determined whether the voltage of each of the cells 1a to 1d is overcharged or overdischarged, or is a normal value.
- the process proceeds to step 150, and when within the use voltage range 81 or 82, the process proceeds to step 120.
- Steps 120 to 140 are processes for detecting spontaneous changes in the reference voltage.
- the measurement voltage is switched.
- the block voltage detector 4a detects the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d, and further estimates the voltage per cell and compares the magnitude relationship with the reference voltage. Further, the magnitude relationship between the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d and the reference voltage when the reference voltage is relatively changed in a plurality of stages by the plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 of the switching unit 40 is compared.
- step 130 a determination process is performed. That is, it is determined whether or not the above comparison results match. If the comparison results match, there is no abnormality, and if they do not match, it is determined that a spontaneous change in the reference voltage has occurred.
- step 140 the determination result obtained in step 130 is stored. In this way, the abnormality detection process ends.
- Steps 150 to 170 are processes when the voltages of the cells 1a to 1d are abnormal.
- step 150 it is determined whether or not the voltage determined not to be in the use voltage range 81 or 82 in step 110 exceeds the upper limit of the use voltage range 81 or 82, that is, the overcharge threshold voltage. If it is determined in this step that the upper limit of the use voltage range 81 or 82 is exceeded, the process proceeds to step 160, and if it is determined that the use voltage range is not exceeded, the process proceeds to step 170.
- step 160 if it is determined in step 150 that the upper limit of the operating voltage range 81, 82 is exceeded, that is, if the voltage of the cells 1a to 1d exceeds the upper limit value of the relative change range of the reference voltage, the cell 1a to Since 1d is overcharged, this abnormal state is saved.
- step 170 if it is determined in step 150 that the upper limit of the working voltage range 81, 82 is not exceeded, that is, if it is determined that the lower limit value of the relative change range of the reference voltage is not reached, the cells 1a to 1d. An operation prohibiting process for prohibiting (stopping) the operation is performed. Thus, the abnormality detection process ends.
- the present embodiment is characterized in that a plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 are provided in the switching unit 40, and a spontaneous change in the reference voltage is detected by relatively changing the reference voltage in a plurality of stages.
- the reference voltage can be divided more finely than when the reference voltage is switched by only one stage and the spontaneous change of the reference voltage is detected, the determination accuracy of the spontaneous change of the reference voltage can be improved.
- the determination accuracy of the spontaneous change of the reference voltage is improved, it is possible to reliably determine the spontaneous change of the reference voltage with respect to the assembled battery 1 used in the HV vehicle or EV vehicle for which safety and reliability are desired. it can.
- the range of relative change of the reference voltage by the plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 is characterized in that it is set within some of the use voltage ranges 81 and 82 in the total voltage range 80 of each cell 1a to 1d. .
- the voltage switching circuit 41 it is not necessary to provide the voltage switching circuit 41 so that the reference voltage can be changed relative to the entire voltage range 80 of the cells 1a to 1d. Therefore, the number of detection voltage switching circuits 41 for the cells 1a to 1d can be reduced. It can be minimized. Therefore, an increase in the circuit scale of the assembled battery control device 2 can be suppressed.
- overcharge or overdischarge of the cells 1a to 1d is detected, and in the case of overcharge, failure due to overcharge of the cells 1a to 1d can be prevented by making an abnormality determination. Therefore, the safety of the cells 1a to 1d can be improved.
- overdischarge the operation of the cells 1a to 1d is stopped, so that further discharge of the cells 1a to 1d can be prevented and the reliability of the cells 1a to 1d can be improved.
- the block voltage detection unit 4a corresponds to the “voltage detection means” of the claims, and the reference voltage sources 30 to 33 are claimed. This corresponds to the “reference voltage generating means” in the range.
- the comparators 50 to 53, the OR circuit 60, and the AND circuit 61 correspond to “voltage comparison means” in the claims, and the battery ECU 4 corresponds to “determination means” in the claims.
- the switching unit 40 corresponds to “switching means” in the claims.
- the present embodiment is characterized in that a plurality of overcharge / discharge detection circuits 3 are provided for one block.
- FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of an assembled battery control system including the assembled battery control device 2 according to the present embodiment.
- N first to Nth overcharge / discharge detection circuits 3 are provided in parallel for one block. That is, a plurality of reference voltage sources 30 to 33, comparators 50 to 53, and a switching unit 40 are provided for one cell 1a to 1d among the plurality of cells 1a to 1d.
- the battery ECU 4 detects overcharge and overdischarge from the detection results of the respective overcharge / discharge detection circuits 3 and compares the results with each other.
- a plurality of block voltage detectors 4 a may be provided corresponding to each overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3.
- the overdischarge of one cell 1a to 1d is monitored by the plurality of overcharge / discharge detection circuits 3, the redundancy of the overcharge / discharge detection of the cells 1a to 1d can be increased. Even if any of the overcharge / discharge detection circuits 3 undergoes a spontaneous change in the reference voltage, the voltage monitoring can be continued by adopting the results of the other overcharge / discharge detection circuits 3.
- the range of relative change of the reference voltage by the plurality of voltage switching circuits 41 in one overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 as described above can be reduced. Since it is set within a part of the use voltage range 81, 82 of the total voltage range 80 of each cell 1a-1d, the voltage switching circuit 41 provided in each switching unit 40 of the plurality of overcharge / discharge detection circuits 3 Each number can be minimized. Therefore, an increase in the circuit scale of the assembled battery control device 2 can be suppressed.
- the lithium ion secondary battery has been described as an example of each of the cells 1a to 1d constituting the assembled battery 1.
- other secondary batteries may be employed.
- the assembled battery 1 may not be mounted on an HV vehicle or an EV vehicle.
- the assembled battery control device 2 may not be mounted on the vehicle.
- the block voltage detection unit 4a detects the voltage of one block, but may be configured to detect the voltage of one cell 1a, for example.
- the circuit configuration of the overcharge / discharge detection circuit 3 shown in the above embodiments is merely an example, and other circuit configurations may be used.
- the assembled battery 1 has been described as being used as a power supply source in an HV vehicle or an EV vehicle.
- the assembled battery 1 can be supplied with power from an external power source (commercial power source) outside the vehicle. It may be used as a battery of a vehicle so-called plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHV vehicle).
- PSV vehicle plug-in hybrid vehicle
- the operating voltage range is an intermediate range between the operating voltage range 81 of the HV vehicle and the operating voltage range 82 of the EV vehicle.
Abstract
Description
セルの電圧を検出する電圧検出手段と、
基準電圧を発生する基準電圧発生手段と、
セルの電圧を基準電圧と比較する電圧比較手段と、
基準電圧を相対変化させる電圧切替回路を複数有する切替手段と、
電圧比較手段が出力する比較結果に基づいて組電池の状態を判定する一方、電圧検出手段により検出されたセルの電圧と基準電圧との比較結果と複数の電圧切替回路により基準電圧が複数段に相対変化させられたときの電圧比較手段の比較結果とに基づいて基準電圧の自発変化の有無を判定する判定手段と、を備え、
複数の電圧切替回路による基準電圧の相対変化の範囲は、セルの最小電圧から最大電圧までの全電圧範囲のうちセルで使用される使用電圧範囲に設定されており、
判定手段は、複数の電圧切替回路により切り替えられた複数段の基準電圧とセルの電圧との各比較に基づいて基準電圧の自発変化を検出することを特徴とする。
過充放電検出回路は、複数のセルのうちの1つのセルに対して複数設けられていることを特徴とする。
以下、本発明の第1実施形態について図を参照して説明する。本実施形態で示される組電池制御装置は、例えば、内燃機関から出力される駆動力および走行用電動モータから出力される駆動力の少なくとも一方により走行可能な車両すなわちハイブリッド車(HV車)等に搭載される車載バッテリの監視に適用することができる。また、本実施形態で示される組電池制御装置は、走行用電動モータから出力される駆動力により走行可能な車両すなわち電気自動車(EV車)等に搭載される車載バッテリの監視に適用することができる。
本実施形態では、第1実施形態と異なる部分についてのみ説明する。本実施形態では、1つのブロックに対して複数の過充放電検出回路3を設けたことが特徴となっている。
上記各実施形態では、組電池1を構成する各セル1a~1dとしてリチウムイオン二次電池を例に説明したが、他の二次電池を採用しても良い。また、組電池1はHV車やEV車に搭載されるものでなくても良い。言い換えると、組電池制御装置2は、車両に搭載されなくても良い。
1a~1d セル
4a ブロック電圧検出部(電圧検出手段)
30~33 基準電圧源(基準電圧発生手段)
50~53 比較器(電圧比較手段)
60 OR回路(電圧比較手段)
61 AND回路(電圧比較手段)
41 電圧切替回路
40 切替部(切替手段)
4 電池ECU(判定手段)
80 セルの全電圧範囲
81 HV車の使用電圧範囲
82 EV車の使用電圧範囲
Claims (7)
- 互いに直列接続されて組電池を構成する複数のセルの電圧を監視する組電池制御装置であって、
前記複数のセル内の少なくとも1つのセルの電圧を検出する電圧検出手段と、
基準電圧を発生する基準電圧発生手段と、
前記少なくとも1つのセルの電圧を前記基準電圧と比較する電圧比較手段と、
前記基準電圧を相対変化させる電圧切替回路を複数有する切替手段と、
前記電圧比較手段が出力する比較結果に基づいて前記組電池の状態を判定する一方、前記電圧検出手段により検出された前記少なくとも1つのセルの電圧と前記基準電圧との比較結果と前記複数の電圧切替回路により前記基準電圧が複数段に相対変化させられたときの前記電圧比較手段の比較結果とに基づいて前記基準電圧の自発変化の有無を判定する判定手段と、を備え、
前記複数の電圧切替回路による前記基準電圧の相対変化の範囲は、前記少なくとも1つのセルの最小電圧から最大電圧までの全電圧範囲のうち該少なくとも1つのセルで使用される使用電圧範囲に設定されており、
前記判定手段は、前記複数の電圧切替回路により切り替えられた複数段の基準電圧と前記少なくとも1つのセルの電圧とのそれぞれの比較に基づいて前記基準電圧の自発変化を検出することを特徴とする組電池制御装置。 - 前記基準電圧の相対変化の範囲は、当該範囲の上限値が前記少なくとも1つのセルの過充電を示す電圧に設定されており、
前記判定手段は、前記基準電圧の相対変化の範囲の上限値を上回る場合、前記少なくとも1つのセルが過充電であるという異常判定を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組電池制御装置。 - 前記基準電圧の相対変化の範囲は、当該範囲の下限値が前記少なくとも1つのセルの過放電を示す電圧に設定されており、
前記判定手段は、前記基準電圧の相対変化の範囲の下限値を下回ると判定した場合、前記少なくとも1つのセルの動作を停止させることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の組電池制御装置。 - 前記基準電圧発生手段、前記電圧比較手段、および前記切替手段を備えて構成される回路を過充放電検出回路とすると、
前記過充放電検出回路は、前記複数のセルのうちの各セルに対して複数設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか1つに記載の組電池制御装置。 - 前記使用電圧範囲は、前記全電圧範囲のうちの最も使用頻度が高い電圧を中心に設定された範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の組電池制御装置。
- 前記各セルは、内燃機関から出力される駆動力および走行用電動モータから出力される駆動力の少なくとも一方により走行可能な車両に搭載され、
前記少なくとも1つのセルで使用される使用電圧範囲は、該少なくとも1つのセルの満充電電圧に対して60%±20%以下の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載の組電池制御装置。 - 前記各セルは、走行用電動モータから出力される駆動力により走行可能な車両に搭載され、
前記少なくとも1つのセルで使用される使用電圧範囲は、該少なくとも1つのセルの満充電電圧に対して80%から-40%以下までの範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載の組電池制御装置。
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EP10820527.9A EP2485364B1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-28 | Control device for an assembled battery |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2485364A4 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
JP2011078163A (ja) | 2011-04-14 |
US8907626B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
CN102549874B (zh) | 2015-03-11 |
KR101350370B1 (ko) | 2014-01-13 |
US20120187908A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
JP5333126B2 (ja) | 2013-11-06 |
KR20120079129A (ko) | 2012-07-11 |
CN102549874A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2485364B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
EP2485364A1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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