WO2011039360A1

WO2011039360A1 - Outer sole for shoes and shoes comprising such outer soles

Info

Publication number: WO2011039360A1
Application number: PCT/EP2010/064674
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian Thagaard Hansen; Mario Iseppi
Original assignee: Christian Thagaard Hansen; Mario Iseppi
Priority date: 2009-10-04
Filing date: 2010-10-01
Publication date: 2011-04-07
Also published as: EP2305056B1; CA2776557A1; EP2305056A1; ES2457190T3; US20120192455A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an outer sole provided for a shoe, at least part of the outer sole comprising a grid structure consisting of intersecting lines, along the course of which the outer sole has increased flexibility. The invention is characterised in that the grid structure is irregularly formed by means of lines extending at least along the course of the connection curve (14-2) through the toe joints (c.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toes and (d.) between the respective central phalanx (12) and base phalanx of the second, third and fourth toes, and also along the course of the respective spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4), when the sole according to the invention is adapted to fit beneath the foot of the person. The invention also relates to a shoe comprising such an outer sole.

Description

Outsole for shoes and shoes with such outsoles

The present invention relates to a sole, more specifically an outsole for a shoe that helps users to implement a natural gear by using the sole according to the invention as much as possible. The sole, as well as the shoe with this sole, are each designed to positively affect the foot during all phases of walking.

A natural gait is biomechanically almost impossible for people who wear shoes. The natural gait and use of shoes are biomechanically incompatible, as all shoes automatically transform the natural gait into an unnatural gait.

Clinical studies have shown that the use of orthopedic inserts or supportive / cushioning alternatives leads to atrophy of the musculoskeletal system. It has also been proven that the proportion of atrophy of the musculoskeletal system or other related diseases and symptoms related to the feet is only a fraction in countries where most of the population walk barefoot or do not wear shoes of the proportion found in countries where the population normally uses shoes. The difference in the proportion in the respective countries can be attributed directly to the footwear and the obvious flaws in shoe design from a medical point of view. The fact that common shoes are unable to work with the mechanics of the feet is the most important factor in having problems with the feet and the gait. The limitation of natural movement and biomechanics cause increased stress, which leads to faulty biomechanical processes, discomfort and injury.

The object of the present invention is to provide the user with a sole and a shoe having this sole available, whose / their respective design, construction and geometric characteristics improves and emphasizes the natural movement of the foot during the course of movement.

In order to provide an all-encompassing appreciation of the present invention, first of all the closed cycle of motion of a walking human should be considered intellectually. This closed cycle of motion not only affects the foot but includes the entire lower limb. The foot must touch the ground for this. When the foot touches the ground, any movement of parts of that foot affects all other parts of the corresponding leg.

- Page 1 - The walking movement of each leg is divided into the stance phase and the swing phase. The stance phase, on the other hand, should be differentiated into three component phases cf. 1, which illustrates the human's walking on the right leg as an example:

(1 -)

The contact phase as the first component phase of the stance phase begins with the foot hitting the ground with the outer edge of the heel. The tibia is turned inwards, and the inside of the foot is slightly raised. The foot continues to roll inward until the metatarsal bones are full weight. The tibia turns outward again, and the ankle pronates (inwards) up to 8 °, preparing the foot for the forward phase. In this phase, it is important to slowly lower the foot through the muscles (Tibialis Anterior and Tibialis Posterior) to absorb the shock, just as the elbow flexes when catching a ball. At the end of the contact phase, the outside of the foot touches the ground and the phase ends with the full ground contact of the forefoot. The forefoot fans out and widens. The metatarsals are slowly touching the floor from outside to inside.

The fanning out of the metatarsal bones leads to a stimulation of the mechanoreceptors (sensory cells which convert mechanical forces into nerve excitation) which, in turn, use a reflex mechanism to ensure that other muscles, which are responsible for the stability of the entire limb, walk to be activated. These include, among other things, the anterior thigh muscle. This reflex, or this reaction is also called the "positive support reaction".

The primary function of this phase is to absorb the impact during the occurrence and to adapt to the different floor coverings (adaptation). Shoes that do not allow flexibility would, in the inventor's opinion, make this shock absorption impossible, thereby leading to foot and joint problems over time.

(2.)

The middle phase as the second component phase of the stance phase begins with the full ground contact of the forefoot and ends with the lifting of the heel from the ground. Body weight passes over the foot as the tibia and the rest of the body move forward. The primary function of the foot in this phase is to store and store the energy gained during the first component phase, preferably without loss, for the forward phase - comparable to a jumping rubber ball.

- Page 2 - The forward phase as the third component phase of the stance phase begins with the lifting of the heel, the muscles, ligaments and tendons are strained. The forefoot and hind foot together form a springboard that allows the toes to lift the body weight (forward) off the ground. The body is propelled forward during this component phase, with the weight shifting to the other foot when that other foot gets in contact with the ground. This phase lasts about 0.2 seconds and takes over 33% of the entire stance phase. During the beginning of this third component phase of the stance phase, the subtalar joint supinates and ensures that the center of pressure remains below the forefoot outer side. This in turn ensures that the cube leg (4) locks with the navicular bone (3). The foot transforms from the flexible adjuster into a rigid lever to propel the body forward during this phase. The locking of the cube leg (4) against the scaphoid (3) ensures by the bands involved for a very strong hold and spares the muscles that would otherwise be heavily used, since the vertical forces can exceed 125% of body weight in this moment , Towards the end of the forward phase, unlocking of the cube leg (4) is required after locking at the beginning of the forward phase. There is a co-contraction of the fibularis longus muscle (also called the peroneus muscle) and the tibialis anterior muscle, which leads to counter-contractions and produces a transverse pulling and supporting action that substantially aligns the bones of the metatarsal root. The supporting effect of the tendon of the musculus Peroneus longus around the cube leg (4) is essential for the control of the function of the transverse arch for stability and adaptability. In order to reach the end of the forward phase in which the big toe leaves the ground, the foot now has to rotate inwards - also called a pronation. If the cuboid bone (4) were not released or unlocked here, each joint would lose a small part of its movement and thus a small part of its forces necessary for unrolling: it would inhibit muscle strength, endurance, balance and the depth sensitivity come. There would also be a tendency for lateral ankle sprain, as this structure is basically a supination and the person could not achieve functional pronation. The natural flow of force through the foot shown in Figure 2 would be interrupted or restricted in such a case.

In the middle of the forward phase, the foot moves over the oblique axis (16) of the metatarsals 2 to 5 to the transverse axis (17) of the big toe, see the illustration of Figure 4. Figure 4 illustrates the oblique axis (16) Transverse axis (17) and the different lengths of the first and second metatarsal bone. At the same time,

- Page 3 - In this context, reference should also be made to FIG. 3, which shows the bone structure of a human foot and names all the essential bones mentioned in this document.

Before now the big toe leaves the ground, there is a dorsiflexion of the big toe together with the four small toes of the same foot and plantarflexion of the first metatarsal bone (8) together with the other metatarsals of the same foot. The dorsiflexion of the big toe is known as the windlass effect and is made possible by the contraction of the extensor hallicus longus muscle. With the dorsiflexion of the big toe, the sesame legs move forwards and upwards around the head of the metatarsal, maximizing the tension of the flexor hallicus longus muscle.

A very significant neutral event during the forward phase is the reflex activation of the toe flexors and toe extensors. When the stimulus arises below the outside of the foot, the muscles of the toe flexors are activated, and a stimulus below the inside of the foot activates the muscles of the toe extensors.

Since the metatarsal bone (8) of the big toe is shorter than that of the second toe - cf. 3, it is important that the toe flexors be activated when the sole of the foot is stimulated on the outside, otherwise the whole weight of the walking person and the forward forces would have to be borne by the metatarsal bones alone.

Figure 1 is intended to reflect the walking on the right foot and thereby graphically divides the stance phase into its three sub-phases: the contact phase, the middle phase and the forward phase.

Figure 2 is intended to explain the natural power flow through the foot in more detail. The power flow begins slightly laterally in the heel and then flows forward between the first and second metatarsals and leaves the foot through the big toe.

It is known in the art, for example, by GB 2 431 857 A and by the US 2007 1 0 199 211 A, an outsole for shoes, which has a karoartiges profile with intersecting straight cuts. Along these cuts, the outsole has increased flexibility. A disadvantage of such an outsole is the fact that the flexibility is given to places that are unsuitable for human walking and along unfit fold lines.

- Page 4 - A comparison with this known prior art simplified form to implement a certain flexibility in the outsole of a shoe, discloses the German utility model DE 87 04 284 U, after the outsole filled with polyurethane resin, mainly in the ball area and toe area in the Form should have longitudinal slots.

According to a preferred embodiment of EP 1 418 826, an outsole is known having a range of increased flexibility, the area being defined by a medial posterior border of not less than 70% of the length of the foot, a medial frontal border of no more than 80% of the length of the foot and a lateral frontal limit of not more than 70% of the length of the foot is defined. As the flexibility of the known outsole is to be achieved verbally is not further elaborated, however, the drawings is a possible implementation with rectilinear transverse incisions in the outsole to take. A disadvantage of such a solution is the fact that such flexibility can not be reconciled with the requirements of the human skeleton.

The subject of US 2007/0 011 914 A is a sports shoe with a laced upper shoe on a formed below the continuous lacing of the upper shoe outsole, which has a karoartiges profile with intersecting slightly curved incisions. Since these cuts do not relate to the footboard of the shoe wearer, the disclosure of this document does not go beyond the disclosures of the previously acknowledged GB 2 431 857 A and US 2007/0 199 211 A.

Finally, from the older US 3,967,390 a shoe is known quasi in the form of a duck foot, said shoe having separately molded insertion zones for each toe. The never seriously pursued approach to building a shoe by its external shape, in a preferred embodiment, has a line of increased flexibility along a connecting curve of the articulation of all toes to the cuneiform legs or cube leg. An indication of the formation of the outsole with a lattice structure irregularly formed lines, however, this document is not apparent.

Starting from the reproduced in the previous paragraphs knowledge, as he represents the one hand, on the one hand and how the inventor on the other hand has identified the problems in the design of previous shoes and their soles, the inventor proposes now provided for a shoe outsole wherein at least a part of the outsole has a lattice structure of intersecting lines, along the course of which the outsole has increased flexibility, characterized in that the lattice structure is formed irregularly by means of lines which

- Page 5 - ^{On the} one hand at least by the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints

(a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toe and

(b.) between the respective middle phalanx (12) and the base phalanx (9) of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes

^■ and on the other hand by the course of the respective spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

are predetermined when the sole according to the invention is suitably positioned under the foot of its wearer.

For the purposes of the present invention, all outside, visible from below the shoe components of the shoe are preferably considered including the on the same horizontal plane as the visible components located shoe elements as outsole.

To the same extent, the inventor proposes a shoe with at least

An upper part for covering at least part of the foot of a shoe wearer

And a sole connected to the top, the sole having an insole adapted to be in contact with the underside of the wearer when the shoe is worn, and the sole having an outsole, at least a portion of the sole Outsole has a lattice structure of intersecting lines, along the course of which the outsole has increased flexibility, characterized in that the lattice structure is formed irregularly by means of lines that

^{On the} one hand at least by the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints

(a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toe and

are predetermined.

As a shoe in the context of the present invention apply conventional loafers, sports shoes, sandals or boots, without this list is to be interpreted as limiting in any way.

- Page 6 - Preferably, the lattice structure of the outsole in addition to at least one additional line, selected from the lines that

(c.) through the course of the connection curve (14-1) through the toe joints between the respective end phalanx (13) and the middle phalanges (12) of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes,

(d.) Through the course of the connection curve (14-3) through the toe joints of the respective base phalanx (9) and the metatarsals (8, 1 1) of the five toes,

(e.) Through the course of the connecting curve (14-4) of the articulation of the toes to the wedge legs (5, 6, 7) and to the cube leg (4),

(f.) Through the course of the connecting curve (14-5) in front of the navel (3),

(g.) through the course of the connecting curve (14-6) behind the navicular bone (3) to behind the cuboid bone (4),

Figure 5 illustrates the connection curves (14-1, 14-2, 14-3, 14-4, 14-5 and 14-6) on a human foot, along which the lines run along the course of which the invention Outsole has lines with increased flexibility.

It is crucial for the outsole proposed herein, that it at least below the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints (a.) Between the Endphalanx (10) and the Grundphalanx (9) of the big toe and (b .) has a range of increased flexibility between the respective center phalanx (12) and the second, third, fourth, and fifth toe floor phalanx (9), just as it is of fundamental importance that the outsole proposed herein be in the course of each of them Interspaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4) have areas of increased flexibility. It is clearly preferred if the proposed outsole below each joint of the five toes has increased flexibility, since then the sole and a sole having this shoe the ideas of the inventor to allow the natural movement of the foot even when wearing shoes on the best possible way.

The increased flexibility of the proposed outsole can be achieved by a reduced thickness of the sole, in which in the sole along the lines passing through the connecting curve (14-2) and optionally in addition by the connecting curves (14-1, 14- 3, 14-4, 14-5 and 14-6) and by the courses of the respective spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4) are given, profile notches or professional lein cuts are incorporated. These profile notches or cuts can be simple, but just as well as double or triple notches or cuts executed by the

- Page 7 - Double or triple repetition of the indentations or incisions further increases the flexibility and the adaptation to different foot geometries of the user can be improved.

However, the increased flexibility can also be achieved by changing sole material along said lines.

For optical reasons, a more unified distribution of the transverse lines between

- the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints (a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base toe (9) of the big toe and (b.) between the respective middle phalanx (12) and the bottom phalanx (9) of the second. , 3rd, 4th and 5th toes

- And the connecting curve (14-4) of the articulation of the toes to the wedge legs (5, 6, 7) or to the cuboid leg (4)

through the outer, inner, and middle arch of the foot, although with such a more unified distribution of the lines of increased flexibility, the curves between the connecting curves (14-2) and (14-4) are no longer exactly below the respective ones Joints of the five toes would be lost. Since such a variant embodiment could potentially be of particular commercial interest, this variant is also considered to be preferred for the purposes of the present invention.

The shoes proposed in this document with the outsole according to the invention, in which at least part of the outsole has a lattice structure of intersecting lines along the course of the outsole has increased flexibility, the

(a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toe and

are given, have in a very particularly preferred embodiment, in addition to an insole, which allows a painless and fatigue-free, natural walking to a particular extent.

In the thus proposed as a particularly preferred embodiment combination of outsole and insole, it is the inventor, for the underlying

- Page 8 - The problem is to provide the public with a shoe whose design, construction and geometric characteristics improve the natural movement of the foot during the course of movement and emphasize proposing a particularly consistent solution. Especially with a combination of an outsole, as proposed here, with an insole, as proposed here, there is a shoe according to the invention, the underlying problem, the public to provide a shoe available when using a natural gear as far as possible can be implemented, solves perfectly.

Such, particularly consistent solution of the problem thus happens with an insole for a shoe, wherein the insole has a flat back in the direction of the also proposed outsole of the shoe and a front dome-shaped formation (18), and wherein the insole is characterized through the features that

^■ the dome-shaped formation (18) has a base area of not more than 25% of the inner sole surface, and that

^■ the dome-shaped formation (18) is positioned below the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer.

In a preferred embodiment, the dome-shaped formation (18) of the claimed in the preferred embodiment insole below the medial side of the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer at the border of the cube leg (4) on the one hand to the navicular (3) and on the other hand Heel bone (2) positioned. In this connection, reference is made again to FIG. 3, which shows the bone structure of a human foot and names all the essential bones which are mentioned in this document. On the other hand, reference is made to FIG. 6, which likewise shows the human foot with reference to its bones essential for the invention, as well as the target point of the dome-shaped formation according to the present invention relating to the shoe in one of its preferred embodiments.

The dome-shaped formation (18) of the insole is made elastic - for example, made of permanently elastic plastics and / or gel materials, with design variations with different hardnesses are considered preferred. Numerous experiments based on the present specification have shown that the base surface of the dome-shaped formation (18) in a preferred embodiment can even only have a proportion of not more than 20% or even no more than 15% of the insole surface. In very particularly preferred embodiments, it is even possible for the base area of the coupling

- page 9 - Migen formation (12) on an area of 10% or less, most preferably even to reduce an area in a range of less than 4% to 8% of the insole surface. In this case, however, the wearer of such a shoe should train intensively on these proposed insole with dome-shaped formation (18), which have a particularly greatly reduced base area, since otherwise it might be perceived as less pleasant.

The dome-shaped formation (18) is usually in the form of a base and spit-side rounded truncated cone or truncated pyramid, wherein the height (21) of the dome-shaped formation (18) is preferably in a range of 3 to 20 mm , The cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer facing rounded tip (19) of the conical or truncated pyramid may thus be circular or square. In a most preferred and considered by the inventor as the best embodiment, the conical or truncated pyramid at least on its the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer facing rounded tip (19) on a rectangle or an ellipse, wherein the rectangle or the ellipse has a longitudinal / transverse ratio in a range in a range of 1: 1 or greater 1: 1 to 4: 1, and most preferably in a range of 1, 2: 1 to 3: 1.

If the conical or truncated pyramid at its the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer facing rounded tip (19) has a rectangle or an ellipse with a longitudinal / transverse ratio at least in a range in a range of 1: 1 or greater than 1: 1 to 4: 1, the dome-shaped formation (18) can be assigned a longitudinal axis (22) at its tip (19). In the experiments on which this document is based, it has proven to be particularly effective if the longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped formation (18) runs along the medial edge of the cube leg (4) and in particular, and preferably with the longitudinal axis of the insole, forms an angle (φ ) from 5 ° to 75 °.

A particularly preferred range for the angle (φ) between the longitudinal axis (16) of the dome-shaped formation (12) and the longitudinal axis of the insole is given from 5 ° to 50 ° and especially from 5 ° to 35 °, wherein the highest preference is on an angular range (φ) of 25 ° to 35 °.

To illustrate the dome-shaped formation (18) as a truncated cone, reference is made in particular to the figure 7, which shows a corresponding truncated cone. The position of the angle (φ) is further illustrated in particular in FIG.

- Page 10 - In a first possible embodiment of the insole according to the invention, this insole with the dome-shaped formation (18) is insoluble. This can be implemented by insole and dome-shaped formation (18) are made separately and then glued insoluble; likewise, this can be implemented by insole and dome-shaped molding (18) are integrally molded from a suitable plastic material, without being limited to these two implementation options in any way.

In a second possible embodiment of the insole according to the invention, both the insole and the dome-shaped formation (18) connection components, wherein the connection components of the insole with the connection components of the dome-shaped formation (18) are formed so that insole and dome-shaped formation ( 18) are difficult to detachably connected to each other. This solubility is desired when the inventor preferred possibility of an exchange of the dome-shaped formation (18) should be given while retaining the insole. In a possible replacement of the dome-shaped formation (18) this can be particularly easy and comfortable to replace if worn or in the desire for a different hardness and / or another outer shape or extent.

The connection components between insole and dome-shaped formation (18) are in this case preferably selected from the list, comprising

^■ Velcro straps,

^Recessed grooves in the insole and groove-engaging springs below the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18);

^Recessed grooves in the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) and groove-engaging springs on the front of the insole.

In the event that grooves in the insole are used as connecting components between insole and dome-shaped formation (18), it is considered a preferred embodiment if these recessed grooves in the insole are at an angle of 80 ° to 100 ° to Longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped formation (18) extend. In such an angle selection, in which the recessed grooves in the insole and correspondingly engage the grooves engaging in the grooves below the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) almost at right angles to the longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped formation (18) Insole and dome-shaped formation (18) particularly resistant to each other, which is why such alignment of grooves and springs is particularly suitable for sports shoes. In a very particularly preferred embodiment of this described embodiment, the embodiments described in

- Page 1 1 - Sole embedded grooves to at least one outer edge of the insole, so that the springs below the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) can be inserted from the outer edge of the insole in the recessed grooves of the insole.

In the event that grooves are made in the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) as connecting components between the insole and the dome-shaped formation (18), it is considered preferable for these recessed grooves to be along the longitudinal axis (22). the dome-shaped formation (18) extend. The corresponding to the recessed grooves along the longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped shape (18) springs are formed on the front of the insole. If the grooves in the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) are guided to the outer edge of the dome-shaped formation (18), an insertion of the grooves from the end of the springs is particularly simple and convenient. Locking elements in the grooves and associated springs prevent on the one hand accidental slipping of the dome-shaped formation (18) relative to the insole and facilitate the other an exact alignment of the dome-shaped formation (18) to the insole.

If the connection components between insole and dome-shaped formation (18) are realized by means of grooves and springs inserted into the grooves, it is particularly preferred if the recessed grooves undercut and the springs are correspondingly widening outwardly formed.

In a further preferred embodiment, the formation of the dome-shaped formation (12) and its connection to the insole by means of a preferably three-part component structure with base (12-1), centerpiece (12-2) and dome (12-3) realized , In this case, the base (12-1) below the insole, usually made of an inelastic, durable plastic or carbon fiber, is ideally in the midst of a lower side corresponding to the base (12-1) corresponding to the base (12-1) receiving formation of the Insole positioned and includes connecting elements for non-positive connection with the center piece (12-2). These connecting elements for the frictional connection of the base (12-1) and center piece (12-2) can be designed, for example, as matching outer-pin elements with a snap-in function.

The center piece (12-2) itself, like the base (12-1) also, is preferably made of an inelastic, durable plastic or carbon fiber and is positioned above the base (12-1) in the plane of the insole wherein the insole for this purpose has a continuous hole in the outer shape of the central piece (12-2). Ideally, the middle piece (12-2) for its installation from above fit through the

- Page 12 - Hole in the insole are performed until it is then pressed to connect to the base (12-1) on this.

At the top, the middle piece (12-2) is preferred

° either at least one recessed groove, in which case the dome (12-3) has the appropriate at least one engaging in this groove spring,

° or at least one spring, in which case the dome (12-3) has the matching at least one groove into which the spring of the middle piece (12-2) can engage.

Said dome (12-3) is designed to be elastic, made for example of permanently elastic plastic and / or gel material, which is optionally coated with a suitable outer material.

In a particular case of the preferred embodiment described above, the base (12-1) and center piece (12-2) may also be formed as a contiguous workpiece, either from below, prior to its proper insertion through the hole in the insole the two individually manufactured pieces base (12-1) and center piece (12-2) assembled and optionally glued, or which is made directly in one piece, in which case this workpiece has a lower part as the base (12-1) and an upper part Center piece (12-2) has.

It is particularly preferred if the insole is glued and / or sewn as an integral part of the proposed shoe with the outsole of the shoe and optionally in addition to the upper part of this shoe.

It is equally possible if the insole is prepared as an insert for a shoe as proposed here according to one of the claims 2 to 4.

- page 13 - List of Terms:

(1) anklebone (talus)

(1 a) Articular surface of the ankle bone

(1 b) neck of the ankle bone

(1 c) head of the ankle bone

(2) heel bone (calcaneus)

(3) navicular (Naviculare)

(4) cuboid (Cuboideum)

(5, 6, 7)

Cuneiform (Cuneiforme l-lll)

(8) largest metatarsal bone (metatarsalia I)

(9) toe bones (basal phalanx, present on all five toes)

(10) toe bones (end phalanx of the big toe)

(1 1) shortest metatarsal bone (metatarsalia II)

(12) Toe bones (middle phalanx of the second toe, also present in the 3rd, 4th and 5th

Toe)

(13) toe bones (end phalanx of the second toe, also present in the 3rd, 4th and 5th

Toe)

(14-1) Connecting curve through the toe joints between the respective end phalanx and the middle phalanx of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes

(14.2) Connecting curve through the toe joints between (a) the end phalanx and the base toe of the big toe, and (b) between the respective center phalanx and phalanx of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes

(14.3) Connecting curve through the toe joints of the respective phalanx and the metatarsals of the five toes

(14-4) Connecting curve of the toe to the wedge legs or to the cube leg

(14-5) Connecting curve in front of the navicular

(14-6) Connecting curve behind the navicular bone, continued behind the cuboid bone

(15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

- Page 14 - longitudinal curve starting from the navicular bone (3) or cuboidal leg (4) forward along the respective spaces between the five toes

(16) Oblique axis of the metatarsal bones 2 to 5

(17) Transverse axis of the big toe

(φ) Angle between the longitudinal axis of the dome-shaped formation and the longitudinal axis of the insole

(18) dome-shaped shape

(19) Tip of the dome-shaped dome-shaped shape

(20) Base of the dome-shaped dome-shaped shape

(21) Height of the dome-shaped shape

(22) Longitudinal axis at the top of the dome-shaped shape

- Page 15 -

Claims

claims

Outsole for a shoe, wherein at least a part of the outsole has a lattice structure of intersecting lines, along the course of the outsole has increased flexibility, characterized in that the lattice structure is formed irregularly by means of lines that

(a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toe and

are predetermined. Shoe with

An upper part for covering at least part of the foot of a shoe wearer

(a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toe and

are predetermined.

- page 16 - Outer sole for a shoe according to one of the claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the lattice structure preferably has at least one additional line selected from the lines which,

are predetermined when the sole according to the invention is positioned appropriately under the foot of its wearer.

Outer sole for a shoe or shoe according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the increased flexibility is achieved by one or two-fold Profileinkerbungen in the outsole.

Shoe according to one of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the shoe additionally comprises an insole, wherein the insole has a flat back in the direction of the outsole of the shoe and a front dome-shaped shape,

characterized in that

^■ the dome-shaped portion (18) has a base area of a maximum of 25% of the inner sole surface;

Shoe according to claim 5, characterized in that the dome-shaped formation (18) below the medial side of the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer at the border of the cube leg (4) on the one hand to the navicular bone (3) and on the other hand to the heel bone (2) is positioned.

- page 17 - Shoe according to one of the claims 5 to 6, characterized in that the dome-shaped formation (18) has a base area of not more than 10% of the insole surface.

Shoe according to one of the claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the dome-shaped formation (18) has a longitudinal / transverse ratio in a range of 1, 2: 1 to 3: 1.

Shoe according to one of the claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the dome-shaped formation (18) has a height (21) in a range of 3 to 20 mm.

Shoe according to one of the claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped formation (18) runs along the medial edge of the cube leg (4) and in particular, and preferably with the longitudinal axis of the insole, forms an angle (φ) of 5 ° to 35 °

Shoe according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that both the insole and the dome-shaped formation (18) comprise connection components, wherein the connection components of the insole are formed with the connection components of the dome-shaped formation (18) for detachable connection of insole and dome-shaped Molding (18).

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