EP2305056B1 - External sole for shoes and shoes with the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a sole, more particularly an outsole for a shoe, which helps the users to be able to implement a natural gait by using the sole according to the invention as far as possible. The sole, as well as the sole having this sole, are each designed to support the foot during all phases of walking.

A natural gait is biomechanically almost impossible for people who wear shoes. The natural gait and use of shoes are biomechanically incompatible, as all shoes automatically transform the natural gait into an unnatural gait.

Clinical studies have shown that the use of orthopedic inserts or supportive / cushioning alternatives leads to atrophy of the musculoskeletal system. It has also been proven that the proportion of atrophy of the musculoskeletal system or other related diseases and symptoms related to the feet is only a fraction in countries where most of the population walk barefoot or do not wear shoes of the proportion found in countries where the population normally uses shoes. The difference in the proportion in the respective countries can be attributed directly to the footwear and the obvious flaws in shoe design from a medical point of view. The fact that common shoes are unable to work with the mechanics of the feet is the most important factor in having problems with the feet and the gait. The limitation of natural movement and biomechanics cause increased stress, which leads to faulty biomechanical processes, discomfort and injury.

The object of the present invention is to provide the user with a sole and a shoe having this sole, whose respective design, construction and geometric characteristics improve and emphasize the natural movement of the foot during the course of the movement.

In order to provide an all-encompassing appreciation of the present invention, first of all the closed cycle of motion of a walking human should be considered intellectually. This closed cycle of motion not only affects the foot but includes the entire lower limb. The foot must touch the ground for this. When the foot touches the ground, any movement of parts of that foot affects all other parts of the corresponding leg.

The movement of each leg is divided into stance phase and swing phase. The stance phase, on the other hand, should be differentiated into three component phases cf. to FIG. 1 that exemplifies man's walking on the right leg:
(1.)

The contact phase as the first component phase of the stance phase begins with the foot hitting the ground with the outer edge of the heel. The tibia is turned inwards, and the inside of the foot is slightly raised. The foot continues to roll inward until the metatarsal bones are full weight. The tibia turns outward again, and the ankle pronates (inwards) up to 8 °, preparing the foot for the forward phase. In this phase, it is important to slowly lower the foot through the muscles (Tibialis Anterior and Tibialis Posterior) to absorb the shock, just as the elbow flexes when catching a ball. At the end of the contact phase, the outside of the foot touches the ground and the phase ends with the full ground contact of the forefoot. The forefoot fans out and widens. The metatarsals are slowly touching the floor from outside to inside.

The fanning out of the metatarsal bones leads to a stimulation of the mechanoreceptors (sensory cells that convert mechanical forces into nerve excitation), which in turn, by means of a reflex mechanism, activate other muscles that are responsible for the stability of the entire limb while walking. These include, among other things, the anterior thigh muscle. This reflex, or this reaction is also called the "positive support reaction".

The primary function of this phase is to absorb the impact during the occurrence and to adapt to the different floor coverings (adaptation). Shoes that do not allow flexibility would, according to the inventor's conviction, make this shock absorption impossible and thereby lead to foot and joint problems over time.
(2.)

The middle phase as the second component phase of the stance phase begins with the full ground contact of the forefoot and ends with the lifting of the heel from the ground. Body weight passes over the foot as the tibia and the rest of the body move forward. The primary function of the foot in this phase is to store and store the energy gained during the first component phase, preferably without loss, for the forward phase - comparable to a jumping rubber ball.
(3.)

The forward phase as the third component phase of the stance phase begins with the heel lift, tensing the muscles, ligaments and tendons. The forefoot and hind foot together form a springboard that allows the toes to lift the body weight (forward) off the ground. The body is propelled forward during this component phase, with the weight shifting to the other foot when that other foot gets in contact with the ground. This phase lasts about 0.2 seconds and takes over 33% of the entire stance phase. During the beginning of this third component phase of the stance phase, the subtalar joint supinates and ensures that the center of pressure remains below the forefoot outer side. This in turn ensures that the cube leg (4) locks with the navicular bone (3). The foot transforms from the flexible adjuster into a rigid lever to propel the body forward during this phase. The locking of the cube leg (4) against the scaphoid (3) ensures by the bands involved for a very strong hold and spares the muscles that would otherwise be heavily used, since the vertical forces can exceed 125% of body weight in this moment , Towards the end of the forward phase, unlocking of the cube leg (4) is required after locking at the beginning of the forward phase. There is a co-contraction of the fibularis longus muscle (also called the peroneus muscle) and the tibialis anterior muscle, which leads to counter-contractions and produces a transverse pulling and supporting action that substantially aligns the bones of the metatarsal root. The supporting effect of the tendon of the musculus Peroneus longus around the cube leg (4) is essential for the control of the function of the transverse arch for stability and adaptability. In order to reach the end of the forward phase in which the big toe leaves the ground, the foot now has to rotate inwards - also called a pronation. If the cuboid bone (4) were not released or unlocked here, each joint would lose a small part of its movement and thus a small part of its forces necessary for unrolling: it would inhibit muscle strength, endurance, balance and the depth sensitivity come. There would then also be a tendency for lateral ankle sprain, since this structure is basically a survey structure (supination) and the person could not achieve functional pronation. The in FIG. 2 represented natural power flow through the foot would be interrupted or restricted in such a case.

In the middle of the forward phase, the foot moves over the oblique axis (16) of the metatarsals 2 to 5 to the transverse axis (17) of the big toe, see the illustration of FIG . 4 . FIG. 4 illustrates the oblique axis (16), the transverse axis (17) and the different lengths of the first and second metatarsal bone. At the same time in this This relationship also applies to FIG. 3 which refers to the bone structure of a human foot and names all the essential bones mentioned in this document.

Now, before the big toe leaves the floor, there is a dorsiflexion of the big toe together with the four small toes of the same foot and plantarflexion of the first metatarsal bone (8) together with the other metatarsal bones of the same foot. The dorsiflexion of the big toe is known as the windlass effect and is made possible by the contraction of the extensor hallicus longus muscle. With the dorsiflexion of the big toe, the sesame legs move forwards and upwards around the head of the metatarsal, maximizing the tension of the flexor hallicus longus muscle.

A very significant neutral event during the forward phase is the reflex activation of the toe flexors and toe extensors. When the stimulus arises below the outside of the foot, the muscles of the toe flexors are activated, and a stimulus below the inside of the foot activates the muscles of the toe extensors.

Since the metatarsal bone (8) of the big toe is shorter than that of the second toe - cf. FIG. 3 It is important that the toe flexors be activated when the sole of the foot is stimulated on the outside, otherwise the whole weight of the walking person and the forward forces would have to be borne solely by the metatarsal bones.

FIG. 1 should reproduce the walking on the right foot and thereby graphically divides the stance phase into its three subphases: the contact phase, the middle phase and the forward phase.

FIG. 2 should explain the natural flow of force through the foot. The power flow begins slightly laterally in the heel and then flows forward between the first and second metatarsals and leaves the foot through the big toe.

It is known in the art, for example by the GB 2 431 857 A and through the US 2007/0 199 211 A , an outsole for shoes that has a karo-like profile with intersecting rectilinear cuts. Along these cuts, the outsole has increased flexibility. A disadvantage of such an outsole is the fact that the flexibility is given to places that are unsuitable for human walking and along unfit fold lines.

A simplified form compared to this known prior art, to implement a certain flexibility in the outsole of a shoe, discloses the German utility model DE 87 04 284 U according to which the outsole with polyurethane resin filled openings should have predominantly in the ball area and in the toe area in the form of longitudinal slots.

According to a preferred embodiment of EP 1 418 826 An outsole is known with an area of increased flexibility, the area being defined by a medial posterior border of not less than 70% of the length of the foot, a medial frontal border of not more than 80% of the length of the foot and a lateral anterior border of not more than 70% of the length of the foot is defined. As the flexibility of the known outsole is to be achieved verbally is not further elaborated, however, the drawings is a possible implementation with rectilinear transverse incisions in the outsole to take. A disadvantage of such a solution is the fact that such flexibility can not be reconciled with the requirements of the human skeleton.

Subject of the US 2007/0 011 914 A is a sports shoe with a laced upper shoe on an outsole formed below the continuous lacing of the upper shoe, which has a karoartiges profile with intersecting slightly curved incisions. Since these incisions do not relate to the foot skeleton of the shoe wearer, the disclosure of this document does not go beyond the disclosures of those previously appreciated GB 2 431 857 A and US 2007/0 199 211 A out.

Finally, from the older one US 3,967,390 a shoe quasi in the form of a duck foot known, this shoe has separately molded insertion zones for each toe. The never seriously pursued by its external shape approach to building a shoe has in a preferred embodiment, a line of increased flexibility along a connecting curve of the articulation of all toes on the wedge legs or on - the cuboid. An indication of the formation of the outsole with a lattice structure irregularly formed lines, however, this document is not apparent.

• ■ einerseits mindestens durch den Verlauf der Verbindungskurve (14-2) durch die Zehengelenke
  1. (a.) zwischen der Endphalanx (10) und der Grundphalanx (9) des großen Zehs und
  2. (b.) zwischen der jeweiligen Mittelphalanx (12) und Grundphalanx (9) des 2., 3., 4. und 5. Zehs
• ■ und andererseits durch den Verlauf der jeweiligen Zwischenräume zwischen den fünf Zehen (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

vorgegeben sind, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Sohle passend unter dem Fuß ihres Trägers positioniert ist.Based on the knowledge presented in the previous paragraphs, as it represents for the inventor on the one hand and how the inventor on the other hand has also identified the problems in the design of previous shoes and their soles, the inventor proposes now provided for a shoe outsole, wherein at least a part of the outsole has a lattice structure of intersecting lines, along the course of which the outsole has increased flexibility, characterized in that the lattice structure is formed irregularly by means of lines which

• On the one hand at least by the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints
  1. (a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toe and
  2. (b.) between the respective middle phalanx (12) and the base phalanx (9) of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes
• ■ and on the other hand by the course of the respective spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

are predetermined when the sole according to the invention is positioned appropriately under the foot of its wearer.

• □ einem Oberteil zum Abdecken zumindest von einem Teil des Fußes eines Schuhträgers
• □ und einer Sohle, die mit dem Oberteil verbunden, wobei die Sohle eine Innensohle aufweist, die beim Tragen des Schuhs geeignet ist, um in Kontakt mit der Fußunterseite des Trägers zu kommen, und wobei die Sohle eine Außensohle aufweist, wobei zumindest ein Teil der Außensohle eine Gitterstruktur aus sich kreuzenden Linien aufweist, entlang deren Verlauf die Außensohle eine erhöhte Flexibilität hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gitterstruktur unregelmäßig gebildet ist mittels Linien, die
  • ■ einerseits mindestens durch den Verlauf der Verbindungskurve (14-2) durch die Zehengelenke
    1. (a.) zwischen der Endphalanx (10) und der Grundphalanx (9) des großen Zehs und
    2. (b.) zwischen der jeweiligen Mittelphalanx (12) und Grundphalanx (9) des 2., 3., 4. und 5. Zehs
  • ■ und andererseits durch den Verlauf der jeweiligen Zwischenräume zwischen den fünf Zehen (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

vorgegeben sind.To the same extent, the inventor proposes a shoe with at least

• An upper part for covering at least part of the foot of a shoe wearer
• And a sole connected to the top, the sole having an insole adapted to be in contact with the foot underside of the wearer when the shoe is worn, and wherein the sole has an outsole, at least a portion of the sole Outsole has a lattice structure of intersecting lines, along the course of which the outsole has increased flexibility, characterized in that the lattice structure is formed irregularly by means of lines that
  • On the one hand at least by the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints
    1. (a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toe and
    2. (b.) between the respective middle phalanx (12) and the base phalanx (9) of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes
  • ■ and on the other hand by the course of the respective spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

are predetermined.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "shoe" refers to conventional loafers, sports shoes, sandals or boots, without this listing being intended to be restrictive in any way whatsoever.

• (c.) durch den Verlauf der Verbindungskurve (14-1) durch die Zehengelenke zwischen der jeweiligen Endphalanx (13) und der Mittelphalanx (12) des 2., 3., 4. und 5. Zehs,
• (d.)durch den Verlauf der Verbindungskurve (14-3) durch die Zehengelenke der jeweiligen Grundphalanx (9) und den Mittelfußknochen (8, 11) der fünf Zehen,
• (e.)durch den Verlauf der Verbindungskurve (14-4) der Anlenkung der Zehen an die Keilbeine (5, 6, 7) bzw. an das Würfelbein (4),
• (f.) durch den Verlauf der Verbindungskurve (14-5) vor dem Kahnbein (3),
• (g.)durch den Verlauf der Verbindungskurve (14-6) hinter dem Kahnbein (3) bis hinter das Würfelbein (4),

vorgegeben sind, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Sohle passend unter dem Fuß ihres Trägers positioniert ist.Preferably, the grid structure of the outsole additionally has at least one additional line selected from the lines that

• (c.) through the course of the connection curve (14-1) through the toe joints between the respective end phalanx (13) and the middle phalanges (12) of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes,
• (d.) Through the course of the connection curve (14-3) through the toe joints of the respective base phalanx (9) and the metatarsal bones (8, 11) of the five toes,
• (e.) Through the course of the connecting curve (14-4) of the articulation of the toes to the wedge legs (5, 6, 7) and to the cube leg (4),
• (f.) Through the course of the connecting curve (14-5) in front of the navel (3),
• (g.) through the course of the connecting curve (14-6) behind the navicular bone (3) to behind the cuboid bone (4),

are predetermined when the sole according to the invention is suitably positioned under the foot of its wearer.

FIG. 5 illustrates the connection curves (14-1, 14-2, 14-3, 14-4, 14-5 and 14-6) on a human foot, along which the lines run, along which the outsole of the invention has lines of increased flexibility having.

It is crucial for the outsole proposed herein to be at least below the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints (a.) Between the end phalanx (10) and the base toe (9) of the big toe and (b.) Between the respective middle phalanx (12) and the second, third, fourth and fifth toe (9) basic phalanx (9) have a range of increased flexibility, just as it is of fundamental importance that the outsole proposed herein between the respective interspaces five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4) have areas of increased flexibility. It is clearly preferred if the proposed outsole below each joint of the five toes has increased flexibility, since then the sole and a sole having this shoe the ideas of the inventor to allow the natural movement of the foot even when wearing shoes on the best possible way.

The increased flexibility of the proposed outsole can be achieved by reducing the thickness of the sole by inserting it into the sole along the lines passing through the connection curve (14-2) and optionally additionally through the connection curves (14-1, 14-3, 14) -4, 14-5 and 14-6) as well as by the courses of the respective spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4) are given profile indentations or profile cuts are incorporated. This profile notches or cuts can be simple, but also designed as double or triple notches or cuts, with the double or triple repetition of the notches or cuts the flexibility increased again and the adaptation to different foot geometries of the user can be improved can.

The increased flexibility can also be achieved by changing sole material along said lines.

• der Verbindungskurve (14-2) durch die Zehengelenke (a.) zwischen der Endphalanx (10) und der Grundphalanx (9) des großen Zehs und (b.) zwischen der jeweiligen Mittelphalanx (12) und Grundphalanx (9) des 2., 3., 4. und 5. Zehs
• und der Verbindungskurve (14-4) der Anlenkung der Zehen an die Keilbeine (5, 6, 7) bzw. an das Würfelbein (4)

durch die Außen- Innen- und Mittegewölbe des Fußes von Interesse sein, auch wenn bei einer solchen mehr vereinheitlichten Verteilung der Linien mit erhöhter Flexibilität die zwischen den Verbindungskurven (14-2) und (14-4) gelegenen Kurven nicht mehr exakt unter den jeweiligen Gelenken der fünf Zehen verlaufen würden. Da eine solche Ausführungsvariante möglicherweise kommerziell von besonderem Interesse sein könnte, gilt auch diese Variante als bevorzugt im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung.For optical reasons, a more unified distribution of the transverse lines between

• the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints (a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base toe (9) of the big toe and (b.) between the respective middle phalanx (12) and the bottom phalanx (9) of the second, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes
• and the connecting curve (14-4) of the articulation of the toes on the wedge legs (5, 6, 7) or on the cube leg (4)

through the outer, inner, and middle arch of the foot, although with such a more unified distribution of the lines of increased flexibility, the curves between the connecting curves (14-2) and (14-4) are no longer exactly below the respective ones Joints of the five toes would be lost. Since such a variant embodiment could potentially be of particular commercial interest, this variant is also considered to be preferred for the purposes of the present invention.

• ■ einerseits mindestens durch den Verlauf der Verbindungskurve (14-2) durch die Zehengelenke
  1. (a.) zwischen der Endphalanx (10) und der Grundphalanx (9) des großen Zehs und
  2. (b.) zwischen der jeweiligen Mittelphalanx (12) und Grundphalanx (9) des 2., 3., 4. und 5. Zehs
• ■ und andererseits durch den Verlauf der jeweiligen Zwischenräume zwischen den fünf Zehen (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

vorgegeben sind, weisen in einer ganz besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform zusätzlich eine Innensohle auf, die in einem besonderen Maße ein schmerz- und ermüdungsfreies, natürliches Gehen ermöglicht.The shoes proposed in this document with the outsole according to the invention, in which at least part of the outsole has a lattice structure of intersecting lines, along the course of which the outsole has increased flexibility, the

• On the one hand at least by the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints
  1. (a.) between the end phalanx (10) and the base phalanx (9) of the big toe and
  2. (b.) between the respective middle phalanx (12) and the base phalanx (9) of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes
• ■ and on the other hand by the course of the respective spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

are given, have in a very particularly preferred embodiment, in addition to an insole, which allows a painless and fatigue-free, natural walking to a particular extent.

In the combination of outsole and insole thus proposed as a particularly preferred embodiment, the inventor is able, for the underlying problem, to provide the public with a shoe whose design, construction and geometric characteristics improve the natural movement of the foot during the course of movement and stresses to suggest a particularly consistent solution. Especially with a combination of an outsole, as suggested here, with an insole, as proposed here, there is a shoe according to the invention, which solves the underlying problem of providing the public with a shoe on whose use a natural gait can be implemented as far as possible, perfectly solves.

• ■ die kuppelförmige Ausformung (18) eine Basisfläche von maximal 15 % der Innensohlenfläche aufweist, und dass
• ■ die kuppelförmige Ausformung (18) unterhalb des Würfelbeins (4) des Schuhträgers positioniert ist.

Such a particularly consistent solution to the problem thus occurs with an insole for a shoe, wherein the insole has a flat back in the direction of the also proposed outsole of the shoe and a front dome-shaped formation (18), and wherein the insole is characterized by the features that

• ■ the dome-shaped formation (18) has a base area of not more than 15% of the inner sole surface, and that
• ■ the dome-shaped formation (18) is positioned below the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer.

In a preferred embodiment, the dome-shaped formation (18) of the claimed in the preferred embodiment insole below the medial side of the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer at the border of the cube leg (4) on the one hand to the navicular bone (3) and on the other hand to the heel bone (2 ). In this context, again on the one FIG. 3 which shows the skeleton of a human foot and names all the essential bones mentioned in this document. On the other hand, on the FIG. 6 which also shows the human foot, with reference to its bones essential to the invention, as well as the target point of the dome-shaped formation according to the present invention on the shoe in one of its preferred embodiments.

The dome-shaped formation (18) of the insole is made elastic, wherein execution variations with different hardness are considered preferred. In numerous experiments underlying the present specification, it has been found that the base area of the domed formation (18) is preferably even at 10% of the insole surface, more preferably even in an area within the range of less than 4% to 8 % of the insole surface can be reduced. In this case, however, the wearer of such a shoe should train intensely on these proposed dome-shaped insoles (18), which have a greatly reduced base area, as otherwise they might be perceived as less comfortable.

The dome-shaped formation (18) is usually in the form of a base and tip side rounded truncated cone or truncated pyramid, wherein the height (21) the dome-shaped formation (18) is preferably in a range of 3 to 20 mm. The cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer facing rounded tip (19) of the conical or truncated pyramid may thus be circular or square. In a most preferred and considered by the inventor as the best embodiment, the conical or truncated pyramid at least on its the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer facing rounded tip (19) on a rectangle or an ellipse, wherein the rectangle or the ellipse has a longitudinal / transverse ratio in a range in the range of 1: 1 to 4: 1 and most preferably in a range of 1.2: 1 to 3: 1.

If the conical or truncated pyramid has a rectangle or an ellipse on its rounded tip (19) facing the cube leg (4) of the shoe wearer with a longitudinal / transverse ratio at least in a range in the range from 1: 1 to 4: 1 , the dome-shaped formation (18) at its tip (19) can be associated with a longitudinal axis (22). In the experiments on which this document is based, it has proved to be particularly effective if the longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped formation (18) runs along the medial edge of the cube leg (4) and thus forms an angle (φ) of 5 with the longitudinal axis of the insole ° to 35 °, most preferably includes an angle (φ) of 25 ° to 35 °.

To illustrate the dome-shaped formation (18) as a truncated cone is in particular the FIG. 7 referenced, which shows a corresponding truncated cone. The position of the angle (φ) is especially in the FIG. 6 further illustrated.

In a first possible embodiment of the insole according to the invention, this insole is connected to the dome-shaped formation (18) insoluble. This can be implemented by insole and dome-shaped molding (18) are made separately and then glued insoluble; likewise, this can be implemented by insole and dome-shaped molding (18) are integrally molded from a suitable plastic material, without being limited to these two implementation possibilities in any way.

In a second possible embodiment of the insole according to the invention, both the insole and the dome-shaped formation (18) have connection components, wherein the connection components of the insole with the connection components of the dome-shaped formation (18) are formed so that insole and dome-shaped formation (18) difficult are releasably connected together. This solubility is desired if the inventor preferred possibility of an exchange of the dome-shaped formation (18) should be given while maintaining the insole. In a possible replacement of the dome-shaped formation (18), this can wear or be replaced with the desire for a different hardness especially easy and comfortable.

• ■ Klettbänder,
• ■ eingelassene Nuten in der Innensohle und in die Nuten eingreifende Federn unterhalb der Basis (20) der kuppelförmigen Ausformung (18),
• ■ eingelassene Nuten in der Basis (20) der kuppelförmigen Ausformung (18) und in die Nuten eingreifende Federn an der Vorderseite der Innensohle.

The connection components between insole and dome-shaped formation (18) are in this case preferably selected from the list, comprising

• ■ Velcro straps,
• Recessed grooves in the insole and grooves engaging the grooves below the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18);
• Recessed grooves in the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) and groove-engaging springs on the front of the insole.

In the event that grooves are selected in the insole as connecting components between insole and domed shape (18), it is preferred if these recessed grooves in the insole at an angle of 80 ° to 100 ° to the longitudinal axis (22) of dome-shaped formation (18) run. In such an angle selection, in which the recessed grooves in the insole and correspondingly engage the grooves engaging in the grooves below the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) almost at right angles to the longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped formation (18) Insole and domed shape (18) particularly resistant to each other, which is why such an orientation of grooves and springs is particularly suitable for sports shoes. In a particularly preferred embodiment of this described embodiment, the grooves embedded in the insole extend to at least one outer edge of the insole, so that the springs below the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) from the outer edge of the insole in the recessed grooves Insole can be inserted.

In the case of grooves recessed into the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) as connecting components between insole and domed formation (18), it is preferred that these recessed grooves be along the longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped formation (18). The corresponding to the recessed grooves along the longitudinal axis (22) of the dome-shaped shape (18) springs are formed on the front of the insole. If the grooves in the base (20) of the dome-shaped formation (18) are guided to the outer edge of the dome-shaped formation (18), an insertion of the grooves from the end of the springs is particularly simple and convenient. Locking elements in the grooves and associated springs prevent on the one hand accidental slipping of the dome-shaped formation (18) relative to the insole and facilitate the other an exact alignment of the dome-shaped formation (18) to the insole.

If the connection components between the insole and the dome-shaped formation (18) are realized by means of grooves and springs to be inserted into the grooves, it is particularly preferred if the recessed grooves are undercut and the springs are correspondingly widening outwards.

It is particularly preferred if the insole is glued and / or sewn as an integral part of the proposed shoe with the outsole of the shoe and optionally also with the upper part of this shoe.

It is equally possible if the insole is designed as an insert for a shoe as proposed here according to one of the claims 2 to 4.

List of Terms:

(1)

Anklebone (Talus)

(1 a)

Articular surface of the ankle bone

(1 b)

Neck of the ankle bone

(1c)

Head of the ankle

(2)

Heel bone (calcaneus)

(3)

Navicular (Naviculare)

(4)

Dice leg (Cuboideum)

(5, 6, 7)

Cuneiform legs (Cuneiforme I-III)

(8th)

largest metatarsal bone (metatarsalia I)

(9)

Toe bones (basic pharynx, present on all five toes)

(10)

Toe bones (end phalanx of the big toe)

(11)

shortest metatarsal bone (metatarsalia ii)

(12)

Toe bones (middle phalanx of the 2nd toe, also present on the 3rd, 4th and 5th toes)

(13)

Toe bones (end phalanx of the 2nd toe, also available on the 3rd, 4th and 5th toes)

(14-1)

Connecting curve through the toe joints between the respective end phalanx and the middle phalanx of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes

(14.2)

Connecting curve through the toe joints between (a) the end phalanx and the base toe of the big toe and (b) between the respective middle phalanx and phalanx of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes

(14.3)

Connecting curve through the toe joints of the respective phalanx and the metatarsals of the five toes

(14-4)

Connecting curve of the articulation of the toes on the wedge legs or on the cube leg

(14-5, 14-6)

Connecting curve in front of and behind the navicular bone

(15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4)

longitudinal curve starting from the navicular bone (3) or cuboidal leg (4) forward along the respective spaces between the five toes

(16)

Slanted axis of the metatarsal bones 2 to 5

(17)

Transverse axis of the big toe

(Φ)

Angle between the longitudinal axis of the domed shape and the longitudinal axis of the insole

(18)

domed shape

(19)

Tip of the dome-shaped dome-shaped shape

(20)

Base of the dome-shaped dome-shaped shape

(21)

Height of the dome-shaped shape

(22)

Longitudinal axis at the top of the domed shape

Claims (10)

1. Outsole for a shoe, wherein at least a portion of the outsole has a grid structure of intersecting lines along the course of which the outsole has increased flexibility, characterized in that the grid structure is irregularly formed by means of lines which are determined

   - on the one hand at least by the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints

   (a) between the distal phalanx (10) and the proximal phalanx (9) of the big toe and

   (b) between the respective middle phalanx (12) and proximal phalanx (9) of the second, third, fourth and fifth toes

   - and on the other hand by the course of the respective intermediate spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4).
2. Shoe having

   - an upper part for covering at least a portion of the foot of a shoe wearer

   - and a sole which is connected to the upper part, wherein the sole has an insole that is suitable for coming into contact with the underside of the wearer's foot when the shoe is worn, and wherein the sole has an outsole, wherein at least a portion of the outsole has a grid structure of intersecting lines along the course of which the outsole has an increased flexibility,

   characterized in that the grid structure is irregularly formed by means of lines which are determined

   - on the one hand by the course of the connecting curve (14-2) through the toe joints

   (a) between the distal phalanx (10) and the proximal phalanx (9) of the big toe and

   (b) between the respective middle phalanx (12) and proximal phalanx (9) of the second, third, fourth and fifth toes

   - and on the other hand by the course of the respective intermediate spaces between the five toes (15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4).
3. Outsole for a shoe or shoe according to one of patent claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the grid structure preferably has at least one additional line selected from the lines that are determined by:

   (c) the course of the connecting curve (14-1) through the toe joints between the respective distal phalanx (13) and middle phalanx (12) of the second, third, fourth and fifth toes,

   (d) the course of the connecting curve (14-3) through the toe joints of the respective proximal phalanx (9) and the metatarsal bones (8, 11) of the five toes,

   (e) the course of the connecting curve (14-4) of the articulation of the toes with the cuneiform bones (5,6,7) and the cuboid bone (4), respectively,

   (f) the course of the connecting curve (14-5) in front of the navicular bone (3),

   (g) the course of the connecting curve (14-6) behind the navicular bone (3) to behind the cuboid bone (4) when the sole according to the invention is positioned to fit under the wearer's foot.
4. Outsole for a shoe or a shoe according to one of patent claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the increased flexibility is achieved by one-fold, two-fold or three-fold profile indentations in the outsole.
5. Shoe according to one of patent claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the shoe additionally has an insole, wherein the insole has a flat back side in direction of the outsole of the shoe and a dome-shaped structure on the front side, characterized in that

   - the dome-shaped structure (18) has a base surface of a maximum of 15% of the insole surface;

   - the dome-shaped structure (18) is positioned under the cuboid bone (4) of the shoe wearer.
6. Shoe according to patent claim 5, characterized in that the dome-shaped structure (18) is positioned under the medial side of the cuboid bone (4) of the shoe wearer where the cuboid bone (4) borders the navicular bone (3) on one side and the calcaneus bone (2) on the other side.
7. Shoe according to one of patent claims 5 to 6, characterized in that the dome-shaped structure (18) has a base surface of a maximum of 10% of the insole surface.
8. Shoe according to one of patent claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the dome-shaped structure (18) has a longitudinal to transverse ratio in a range from 1.2: 1 to 3: 1.
9. Shoe according to one of patent claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the dome-shaped structure (18) has a height (21) in a range from 3 to 20 mm.
10. Shoe according to one of patent claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the insole and the dome-shaped structure (18) both have connection components, wherein the connection components of the insole are formed with the connection components of the dome-shaped structure (18) for the separable connection of insole and dome-shaped structure (18).

Images