WO2011036497A1 - Filtres à eau - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2011036497A1
WO2011036497A1 PCT/GB2010/051614 GB2010051614W WO2011036497A1 WO 2011036497 A1 WO2011036497 A1 WO 2011036497A1 GB 2010051614 W GB2010051614 W GB 2010051614W WO 2011036497 A1 WO2011036497 A1 WO 2011036497A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
filter unit
compartments
treatment medium
water filter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2010/051614
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David John Owen Parkes
Steven Anthony Ashton
Nicholas Edward Gibbs
Original Assignee
Strix Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Strix Limited filed Critical Strix Limited
Publication of WO2011036497A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011036497A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F75/00—Hand irons
    • D06F75/08—Hand irons internally heated by electricity
    • D06F75/10—Hand irons internally heated by electricity with means for supplying steam to the article being ironed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J47/02—Column or bed processes
    • B01J47/026—Column or bed processes using columns or beds of different ion exchange materials in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C02F1/003—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using household-type filters for producing potable water, e.g. pitchers, bottles, faucet mounted devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/02—Fluid flow conditions
    • C02F2301/028—Tortuous

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to water filter units, particularly water filter units for use in domestic steam generating appliances such as steam irons, steam cleaners, wallpaper strippers and other hand-held steam generating appliances.
  • Water filter units according to the invention may also find use in beverage making appliances comprising a steam generator, such as pressurised coffee makers.
  • Water filter units according to the invention may even find use in domestic water heating appliances which do not include a pressurised steam generator.
  • ion exchange resins work by exchanging contaminant ions in the water for those present in the resin, thereby reducing or removing dissolved minerals that lead to scale, such as calcium and magnesium. Due to the prevalence of calcium in water, particularly in areas suffering from hard water, it is important to remove this mineral as fully as possible.
  • ion exchange resins which can remove calcium and add water softening sodium in its place. However, such resins are not ideal for use in appliances where scale build-up is a problem, as sodium-based precipitation may also cause scaling. Hydrogen-based ion exchange resins may be used for such applications. Although hydrogen-based ion exchange resins provide treated water which has a lower pH value than is produced by other resins, scale deposition is greatly reduced.
  • the present invention provides a water filter unit for a domestic steam generating appliance, comprising a plurality of
  • compartments containing a water treatment medium wherein the flow path through the unit is arranged to pass through the compartments in series and the
  • compartments provide a space for the water treatment medium therein to expand in use.
  • the filtering performance is enhanced by providing space in each compartment for the water treatment medium therein to expand.
  • water treatment media in particular ion exchange resins
  • undergo a swelling phenomenon as they become exhausted with use.
  • this swelling increases the pressure drop required to drive water through the volume of treatment medium and causes the flow rate to decrease with use.
  • the total volume of water treatment medium is split into a number of smaller volumes, each of which is provided with a space in its compartment to swell without impacting on the treatment medium contained in other compartments.
  • the overall pressure drop across the filter unit will therefore not increase as much during use as when e.g. there is only one main compartment containing the treatment medium.
  • the filtering performance is also improved by splitting a given amount of water treatment medium between separated compartments in a water filter unit.
  • the unit can be arranged, for example, to provide an effective filtering path length which is much greater than the dimensions of the unit. By increasing the overall path length for water passing through the filter, the removal of unwarranted impurities such as calcium is made more effective.
  • a water filter unit according to the invention can thereby achieve a higher filtering performance per unit volume of water treatment medium than in known filters.
  • the water treatment medium comprises an ion exchange resin, preferably a hydrogen-based ion exchange resin.
  • the ion exchange resin is designed to remove calcium ions which can cause scale to be deposited from heated water.
  • each compartment in the water filter unit is filled with no more than 90% by volume of water treatment medium.
  • each compartment is only filled to
  • each compartment approximately 80% of its volume. There is preferably provided 10-20% by volume of free space in each compartment, thus allowing the medium such as an ion exchange resin to swell in the compartment without blocking flow.
  • compartments in the water filter unit may be arranged spatially in many different configurations. Depending on the arrangement of inlets and outlets which communicate flow between the compartments, water may be constrained to move horizontally and/or vertically through the filter unit.
  • the arrangement of compartments preferably results in a tortuous or convoluted flow path through the unit so as to increase the path length. The flow will naturally seek the path of least resistance through the unit.
  • it is arranged so that the flow through the unit must pass through each of the compartments in series. For example, the outlet of one compartment may provide the inlet to the next compartment and so on.
  • the length of the local flow path across each compartment is preferably maximised. This may be achieved, for example, by arranging for the inlet and outlet of each compartment to be at opposite distal ends of the compartment. Preferably, the inlet and outlet are not aligned so there can be no straight-through flow.
  • the flow path is preferably arranged to substantially reverse direction from one compartment to the next. This can help to make the filter unit more compact as there can be achieved a greater treatment effect for a given volume of treatment medium.
  • This is considered to be novel and inventive in its own right, and thus when viewed from a further aspect the invention provides a water filter unit for a domestic steam generating appliance, comprising a plurality of compartments containing a water treatment medium, wherein the flow path through the unit is arranged to pass through the
  • the invention extends to a portable steam generating appliance comprising such a water filter unit.
  • the compartments provide a space for the water treatment medium therein to expand in use.
  • the advantages of this have already been discussed above.
  • the provision of a swelling space in each compartment may be even more important when the flow is reversing direction, as the path length is increased, which means that the exhaustion front for the treatment medium, e.g. ion exchange resin, moves progressively through the compartments.
  • the compartments may be arranged one after the other in series, with the inlets/outlets for each compartment arranged such that the flow must generally reverse direction as it crosses one compartment after another. It is preferred that the compartments are provided both top-to-bottom and side-by-side, so as to make the unit as compact as possible. It is preferred that the main inlet to the unit is arranged at the same end as the main outlet from the unit. The compartments can then be arranged to direct the flow path from the main inlet at one end of the unit to another distal end of the unit and then back to the main outlet at the same end of the unit. This helps to maximise the flow path length for a unit of given dimensions.
  • the compartments are arranged such that the flow of water is constrained to move essentially vertically through the compartments. In another preferred set of embodiments the compartments are arranged such that the flow of water is constrained to move essentially horizontally through the compartments.
  • the flow path through the compartments can also be arranged in a number of ways relative to the space provided in each compartment for expansion of the treatment medium. There may be available a flow path through the compartment which can use the expansion space rather than passing through the treatment medium. A proportion of the flow through the compartment will naturally take this path of lower resistance and thus not all of the water passing through the compartment will be treated. However the filter can still provide an improved filtering effect, as the overall path length may be made longer by constraining the flow to pass through multiple compartments in series.
  • optimal treatment may be achieved by ensuring that the flow path through each compartment always includes a proportion of the treatment despite the presence of the expansion space. It is therefore preferred that the treatment medium and expansion space are arranged in a given
  • the whole volume of the filter medium may not be wetted, but the arrangement is such that there does not exist a flow path which bypasses the treatment medium completely.
  • the invention provides a water filter unit for a domestic steam generating appliance, comprising a plurality of compartments containing a water treatment medium, wherein the compartments provide a space for the water treatment medium therein to expand in use, and wherein the water treatment medium in at least some of the compartments is arranged such that substantially all of the flow through the compartment must pass through the treatment medium.
  • the flow through at least some of the compartments may be arranged to pass through the treatment medium before passing through the expansion space. This may be achieved in preferred embodiments by providing the treatment medium adjacent to the compartment inlet and the expansion space adjacent to the compartment outlet. Thus all of the flow entering the compartment must pass through a volume of treatment medium before it reaches the expansion space, even if it takes the path of least resistance through the compartment.
  • the treatment medium may fill a bottom portion of the compartment while the expansion space fills a top portion of the compartment, and vice versa.
  • the flow through other of the compartments may be arranged to pass through the expansion space before passing through the treatment medium. In both cases the flow will meet the treatment medium and the expansion space, or vice versa, in series as it passes through each compartment.
  • the filter unit may comprise a mixture of compartment
  • compartments may possibly offer a flow path which can bypass some or all of the treatment medium in that compartment.
  • the flow path arrangement through the compartments could be adjusted to provide the unit with a desired overall flow resistance.
  • the overall flow rate through the filter unit will depend on the pressure driving the flow and the flow resistance presented by the filter unit.
  • the Applicants have therefore found that there is a balance between providing a large enough number of compartments to increase the effective flow path on the one hand, without unduly increasing the flow resistance on the other hand.
  • Tests have shown that a greater number of smaller cross-sectional area compartments (effectively elongating the water flow path length) will increase the efficacy of the filter, however this must be balanced with the increased pressure required to drive water through the unit and the complexity of filling and sealing the filter unit.
  • Water filter units for use in pressurised water heating and steam generating appliances may comprise a relatively large number of compartments as the pressurised flow can be forced through the unit even if it presents a relatively high flow resistance.
  • the number of compartments may be optimally chosen to provide a high filtering performance, although the manufacturing demands in producing a large number of smaller compartments may still need to be considered.
  • a compact water filter unit sized to fit into a domestic steam generating appliance, including portable/hand-held appliances may provide a suitable filtering performance using around 10 compartments. A substantial benefit is achieved as soon as a given volume of water treatment medium is split between a plurality of compartments due to the increased flow path and contact with the treatment medium, especially when combined with the swelling space provided by each compartment.
  • the water filter unit comprises at least four, five or six compartments. Preferably no more than 20 compartments are provided. Of course the number of compartments can be designed depending on factors such as the overall size of the filter unit, the flow resistance of the treatment medium, and the flow pressure.
  • a certain path length of water treatment medium is required to effectively treat a given volume flow rate of water.
  • the overall lifetime of the filter depends on this treatment path length relative to the total path length through the filter unit.
  • the treatment path length In initial use only the treatment medium in the first few compartments (i.e. the treatment path length) will be required to actively remove a given concentration of impurities from a flow as it passes through the filter. After a time, the treatment medium in the initial compartments will have become exhausted of ion exchange function and those compartments further along the flow path will become active for ion exchange and filtering.
  • the front of resin exhaustion will progressively move along the flow path in the unit until the point in time at which the remaining treatment medium path length is no longer sufficient to maintain the previous degree of water treatment e.g. calcium ion removal. Beyond this point in time the performance of the filter will therefore decline as all of the treatment medium in the filter becomes exhausted of its ion exchange function. During this process, the volume of treatment medium contained in each subsequent compartment will sequentially expand into the space provided until the medium in the final compartment has swelled.
  • the water filter unit may comprise means to indicate to a user when the filter should be replaced, for example when the water treatment medium has been exhausted of its filtering function.
  • the water filter unit may include a timer which can be activated upon installation.
  • a water treatment medium such as an ion exchange resin, and the swelling which accompanies exhaustion of the resin, may advantageously be used to indicate when the filter has reached the end of its lifetime.
  • the water filter unit preferably further comprises means to detect a degree of water treatment medium expansion characteristic of filter exhaustion.
  • the unit preferably further comprises means to indicate an exhaustion condition to a user.
  • the monitoring of filter medium exhaustion is made easier to achieve by the presence of a plurality of water treatment compartments in the filter unit. Rather than monitoring an overall degree of swelling, it may only be necessary to sense when the treatment medium in the final compartment, i.e. adjacent to the outlet from the unit, has expanded into the free space provided therein. It is envisaged that the local resin swelling in this final compartment could preferably be used to indicate filter exhaustion, for example by the expansion of the resin activating a flap seal, to block the flow of water out of the filter unit so a user must replace the unit before the appliance will start to function again. Alternatively, the local swelling in the final compartment could be arranged to activate a microswitch or other sensor which causes a visual and/or audible indicator to alert a user that the filter has reached the end of its life. Many other suitable detection arrangements can be envisaged.
  • the water filter unit is provided in a domestic steam generating appliance such as a steam iron, steam cleaner, wallpaper stripper or other steam generating device.
  • a domestic steam generating appliance such as a steam iron, steam cleaner, wallpaper stripper or other steam generating device.
  • the appliance may be portable and/or designed for hand-held use.
  • Such appliances typically include a relatively small water boiling unit which is particularly susceptible to the build-up of scale and blockage problems, especially when there is a high throughput of water.
  • Such appliances may be provided with a pressurised water supply which helps to force water through a filter unit involving a number of compartments.
  • the pressure of the water supply to the filter and water boiler/steam generator is preferably greater than 0.5 bar, for example more than 1 bar and even up to 3 bar or more.
  • water filter units in accordance with the invention are preferably suitable for a pressurised steam generating appliance. A gravity flow of water is unlikely to provide a sufficient water pressure to force a flow through the plurality of compartments in the filter.
  • the invention extends to a pressurised steam generating system comprising any water filter unit as described above.
  • Many domestic steam generating appliances comprise a water reservoir in a stationary base unit.
  • the base unit may be designed to reside on the floor with a pump provided to force water through an umbilical cord into the hand-held part of the appliance.
  • the water filter unit may be provided in the floor base unit, e.g. after the water reservoir, so that water is pumped up through the filter.
  • the size of the filter unit may not be such a critical factor.
  • the overall size of the appliance should not be too large in a domestic environment so as to allow the appliance to be easily carried around the home and stored away.
  • the appliance is a two-part cordless unit, comprising a base unit, a mobile appliance and an adaptor for supplying electrical power and water to the mobile appliance
  • the water filter unit may be provided in either the base unit or the mobile appliance.
  • the size of the water filter unit, and the ability for the user to easily remove and replace the unit, is an important consideration.
  • the water filter unit may be integrated into the appliance but it is preferred that the water filter unit is removable and replaceable.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a water filter unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the water filter unit of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3A shows the lid component in cross-section and Figure 3B shows the base component in cross-section for the water filter unit of Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 4 shows a vertical cross-section through the water filter unit of the first embodiment when filled with a water treatment medium
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the water flow path through the water filter unit of the first embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a perspective, exploded view of a water filter unit according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG 7 is a horizontal cross-section through the water filter unit of Figure 6.
  • the water filter 1 is a generally cubical unit defining a volume which is enclosed except for an inlet 2 and an outlet 4. Of course, the filter unit 1 may be of any suitable geometrical shape.
  • the filter unit 1 is assembled during manufacture from a base component 6, a compartment section 8 and a lid component 10.
  • the compartment section 8 comprises ten separate compartments 12.
  • the base component 6, compartment section 8 and lid component 10 are sealingly closed together after the water treatment medium 16 (shown in Fig. 4) has been placed in the compartments 12.
  • each compartment 12 is fully separated and closed off from the other compartments 12 by internal walls.
  • a passage for flow through the water treatment compartments 12 is provided by the base component 6 and lid component 10.
  • the lid component 10 and base component 6 respectively form the top and bottom enclosures of the individual compartments 12 in the compartment section 8.
  • the base component 6 includes the main inlet 2 and outlet 4 for the filter unit 1 .
  • the inlet 2 and outlet 4 could be connected in-line with a pumped water supply, for example to treat water as it is pumped from a reservoir to a water boiler/steam generator in an appliance.
  • both the lid component 10 and base component 6 provide a series of wall terminating portions which mate with the compartment walls in the compartment section 8. Gaps 14 formed in the walls in the lid component 10 and base component 6 allow for the passage of water between adjacent compartments 12. It can be seen that the gaps 14 are arranged alternately in the lid component 10 and base component 6 from one adjacent compartment 12 to the next.
  • FIG. 5 An exemplary flow path scheme is shown in Figure 5.
  • water is forced vertically upwards from the inlet 2 to the top of the first compartment 12 where a gap 14 is provided in the lid component 10 to allow water to pass into the adjacent compartment 12, from where it must flow downwardly to the bottom of the second compartment before it can pass through a gap 14 provided in the base component 6, and so on.
  • the flow moves alternately up and down, reversing direction from one compartment 12 to the next.
  • the compartments 12 of the water filter unit 1 are filled with approximately 80% by volume of a water treatment medium 16.
  • An expansion space 18 is provided in the top of each compartment 12, above the treatment medium 16.
  • the compartments 12 are filled from the bottom up with the water treatment medium 16, however, the medium 16 could be supported anywhere in the volume of the compartment 12 with the flow through each compartment 12 still being required to pass through both the treatment medium 16 and the expansion space 18.
  • the same treatment medium filling regime may not be used for all the compartments 12. As the water flows vertically alternately up and down through the compartments 12, beneficially all of the flow is forced to pass through the water treatment medium 16 in each compartment 12 and the path length through the filter unit 1 is maximised.
  • each compartment 12 is only approximately 80% filled with the water treatment medium 16, for example a hydrogen-based ion exchange resin, the treatment medium 16 is able to swell into the expansion space 18 in each compartment 12 during use.
  • the water treatment medium 16 for example a hydrogen-based ion exchange resin
  • the inlet 2 and outlet 4 may both be provided in the base of the unit for ease of connection. However, depending e.g. on the geometry of the filter unit and the arrangement of the compartments, the inlet 2 could be in the base component while the outlet 4 could be in the lid component, and vice versa.
  • a common inlet/outlet aperture may alternatively be provided, with means to split the flow between incoming and outgoing flow paths.
  • the water filter unit 1 comprises ten compartments 12, each approximately 14x28 mm in cross-section.
  • Construction of the filter unit 1 is kept relatively simple by using a limited number of compartments 12 and filling is not unduly impeded by the size of the compartments 12.
  • the compartment section 8 comprises two rows of rectangular compartments 12. Woven mesh and seal components (not shown) retain the water treatment medium 16 in the compartments 12. Of course the number of compartments 12 and their dimensions may be adjusted as desired.
  • a water filtering unit 20 comprises a box 22 and lid component 24.
  • the box 22 is split into a plurality of compartments 26.
  • a gap 28 is formed in the wall separating adjacent
  • each compartment 26 is filled with approximately 80% by volume of a water treatment medium such as a hydrogen-based ion exchange resin.
  • the lid component 24 is sealingly assembled to the box 22 to close the filter unit 20.
  • a water inlet pipe 30 and a water outlet 32 are provided in the lid component 24.
  • the inlet pipe 30 is arranged to extend down into the first compartment 26, substantially to the bottom of the compartment 26. This helps to ensure that water is directed into the treatment medium contained in the compartment 6, rather than into the expansion space above.
  • the water flows horizontally back and forth between the compartments 26, reversing its direction after passing through each subsequent gap 28.
  • the outlet 32 is arranged in the lid component 24 at the top of the expansion space in the final compartment 26. Water must therefore be forced up through the treatment medium in this final compartment and through the expansion space before exiting the unit 20.
  • the filter unit 20 may be manufactured from two main moulded parts 22,24, which can be simply sealed together during assembly. Two small pieces of mesh (not shown) may be provided over the inlet 30 and outlet 32 to prevent resin from escaping therethrough.
  • the filter unit 1 , 20 may be provided with a filter lifetime indicator.
  • a sensor such as a microswitch may be mounted, e.g. in the final compartment 12, 26 which leads to the outlet 4, 32, so as to detect when the treatment medium has swelled to substantially fill the
  • compartment 12, 26 determine that the filter material is exhausted.
  • An indicator may signal to a user that the unit needs replacing.
  • blockage of the flow upon full expansion of the treatment medium could be used to trigger shutdown of an appliance until the filter is replaced.
  • the compartments of the filter unit may be filled to any desired level with a water treatment medium.
  • a water treatment medium for a hydrogen-based ion exchange resin for calcium removal an expansion space of around 20% by volume is desirable.
  • the relative proportions of the fill volume and swell space may be adjusted depending on the requirements of a particular water treatment medium.
  • the water filter units described here may suitably find use in domestic steam generating appliances such as steam irons, steam cleaners, wallpaper strippers and other portable steam generating appliances.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)

Abstract

L'unité filtre à eau (1) pour appareil générateur de vapeur à usage domestique ci-décrite comprend une pluralité de compartiments (12) contenant un milieu pour le traitement de l'eau (16). Le trajet d'écoulement dans l'unité selon l'invention est conçu pour traverser successivement les compartiments (12). Les compartiments (12) comportent un espace (18) pour que le milieu pour le traitement de l'eau (16) qu'ils contiennent puisse se dilater en utilisation.
PCT/GB2010/051614 2009-09-28 2010-09-28 Filtres à eau WO2011036497A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0917007.7 2009-09-28
GB0917007A GB2473872A (en) 2009-09-28 2009-09-28 Water filters

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011036497A1 true WO2011036497A1 (fr) 2011-03-31

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ID=41350495

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2010/051614 WO2011036497A1 (fr) 2009-09-28 2010-09-28 Filtres à eau

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GB (1) GB2473872A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011036497A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201208796D0 (en) * 2012-05-18 2012-07-04 Jaleno Asia Ltd Improved filtering device
FR3047482B1 (fr) 2016-02-04 2019-12-20 Marc BERMUDES Dispositif et procede d'extraction de substances solubles dissoutes dans une solution aqueuse

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4681677A (en) * 1978-02-17 1987-07-21 Olin Corporation Water processor having automatic shutoff and bypass means
US4876014A (en) * 1988-03-21 1989-10-24 Water Systems Development Corporation Method and apparatus for producing ultrapure water
EP1085118A2 (fr) * 1999-09-20 2001-03-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Machine à laver
US6582595B1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2003-06-24 Alex S. Peabody Compact water conditioning apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008089211A (ja) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 加湿器およびフィルタ部材

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4681677A (en) * 1978-02-17 1987-07-21 Olin Corporation Water processor having automatic shutoff and bypass means
US4876014A (en) * 1988-03-21 1989-10-24 Water Systems Development Corporation Method and apparatus for producing ultrapure water
EP1085118A2 (fr) * 1999-09-20 2001-03-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Machine à laver
US6582595B1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2003-06-24 Alex S. Peabody Compact water conditioning apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0917007D0 (en) 2009-11-11
GB2473872A (en) 2011-03-30

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