WO2011032948A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung des fahrverhaltens eines schienenfahrzeugs - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung des fahrverhaltens eines schienenfahrzeugs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011032948A1 WO2011032948A1 PCT/EP2010/063488 EP2010063488W WO2011032948A1 WO 2011032948 A1 WO2011032948 A1 WO 2011032948A1 EP 2010063488 W EP2010063488 W EP 2010063488W WO 2011032948 A1 WO2011032948 A1 WO 2011032948A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- frequency response
- time
- wheelset
- event
- reference frequency
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
- G01M17/10—Suspensions, axles or wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
- G07C5/0808—Diagnosing performance data
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and apparatus for monitoring the driving behavior of a rail vehicle, wherein at least one, the vibration behavior of at least one wheel of the rail vehicle characterizing measure such as the movement, the speed or acceleration of the wheelset or the force acting on the wheels by at least a, a corresponding measurement signal supplied sensor is detected, according to the preamble of claim 1 and claim 12.
- the vibration behavior of at least one vehicle component is monitored by subjecting at least one vibration signal to Fourier transformation and comparing it with at least one reference value, the frequency peak associated with a natural vibration component of the vehicle component being at least one characteristic value (frequency characteristic, Damping characteristic value, amplitude characteristic value) is monitored.
- the vehicle component of a kind is subjected to modal analysis, and modal parameters such as natural frequency and damping for detecting damage are monitored as part of an on-board diagnosis.
- the known method evaluates time courses of the measuring signals undifferentiated. In particular, in the method under completely different boundary conditions such as different static friction or Gleitreibungsixien obtained signals are evaluated together.
- the characteristic values from the Fourier transformation such as, for example, the values for the natural frequencies and their amplitude maxima, are subject to relatively large scattering, which makes a clear and reliable evaluation of the frequency responses difficult.
- the excitation spectrum in operation is so different that at each individual time is not clear what proportion of the natural oscillations of the vehicle component concerned have on the measured signal.
- the known method for diagnosis and condition monitoring of rail vehicle components is therefore based on a continuous and continuous measurement and evaluation of measured variables.
- the boundary conditions for the measured variables change constantly.
- An analysis of the frequency responses obtained from the time signals is very expensive because the influence of the boundary conditions must be evaluated with the aid of route-dependent reference signals.
- the object of the invention is to form a generic method or a generic device further such that it or they with less Signal processing technical effort and reliable damage and defects on a wheelset of a rail vehicle allows.
- the invention proposes a method and an apparatus, wherein the apparatus is designed to carry out the following steps of the method:
- This evaluation then has the goal of being able to draw conclusions about defects in the monitored wheel set on the basis of a possibly changed or conspicuous vibration behavior of the wheelset.
- the advantage of the solution according to the invention lies, in particular, in the fact that the computational complexity is comparatively low since the entire time profile of a measuring signal is not continuously Fourier-transformed and analyzed, but only the system's response to significant individual events.
- the frequency responses are formed or analyzed, which provide a high probability of safe information about the condition of the monitored wheelset and in particular indicate a cracking on the wheelset.
- Such significant events as, for example, vertical vibrational excitation of the high rate, i. a predetermined minimum value exceeding acceleration of the wheelset have the consequence that the wheelset is even excited to detect natural oscillations.
- the wheelset At sufficiently high impact excitation in the vertical direction, for example, by rough unevenness of the wheelset lifts almost completely from the rail for a short time, so that the influence of the respective traveled route on the natural vibration behavior is estimated to be low.
- the wheelset can then vibrate approximately freely in its characteristic natural vibration.
- the method according to the invention works exactly independent of the route.
- a complex acquisition and storage of route-dependent reference data can be dispensed with.
- events are defined as significant individual events in which the time signals recorded by at least one sensor, such as travel, speed, acceleration, force or pressure signals, exceed or fall short of a respectively predetermined threshold value or have another characteristic feature at the event time.
- a measurement signal of a variable characterizing the vibration behavior of the wheel set is continuously measured.
- the formation of the corresponding frequency response or a frequency analysis only takes place when the measurement signal has exceeded a predetermined minimum value.
- the dynamic compliance of the wheel set increases, which in a "softer" system results in a lower natural frequency compared to an undamaged shaft and usually in a greater damping
- the natural frequency ie the amplitude of the natural frequency in the frequency response greater
- the vibration behavior of the wheelset of the rail vehicle characterizing measure the acceleration of the wheelset used in the vertical direction with a significant event within the time course the acceleration is identified by the fact that the measured acceleration of the wheelset has exceeded a defined minimum value. Then it can be assumed that the wheel almost loses contact with the rail in the short term and thus can oscillate almost freely, whereby the natural vibration form undisturbed, ie without the stiffness and damping of the wheels influencing contact with adjacent structures can form.
- the predetermined minimum value for the vertical acceleration is at least 10 g (10 m / s 2 ).
- the frequency response from the time characteristic of the measurement signal is generated by a fast Fourier transformation (FFT). This can be achieved with reasonable computational effort reliable results.
- FFT fast Fourier transformation
- the defined time duration for which the frequency response of the time characteristic of the measurement signal is formed represents an always fixed time interval, for example between 5 and 500 milliseconds.
- a relatively short time window is sufficient to perform a meaningful Fourier transform and to obtain a meaningful frequency response, from which the modal parameters such as natural frequency, amplitude of the natural frequency coe, Lersche damping De and dynamic stiffness S (co) or the dynamic compliance N (co) are visible or determinable.
- the defined period of time for which the frequency response of the time waveform of the measurement signal is formed begins from the event time and ends when a particular characterizing characteristic of the vibration occurs such as a certain amount of oscillation fading or another or next significant event occurs.
- the duration is defined by the beginning and end, but not always the same length.
- the reference frequency response is an expected frequency response, which is computationally generated by model calculation or on the basis of an exemplary pattern wheel set.
- the reference frequency response may be a frequency response of the monitored wheel set formed beforehand during operation of the rail vehicle, or it may be an averaging of several frequency responses of the monitored wheel set or several other wheel sets . Reference frequency responses of the monitored wheelset formed during the operation of the rail vehicle from time courses of the measured variable (s) are compared for a statistical evaluation over time.
- the thus obtained reference frequency response of the wheelset thus represents a kind of characteristic "wheel set fingerprint", which is stored individually for each wheel set, and stored for analysis purposes for comparison with reference data and the subsequent, resulting from the comparison evaluation or evaluation All of these methods are suitable for computationally or statistically analyzing data for the reference frequency response (s).
- the comparison of the frequency response formed with the at least one reference frequency response is preferably based on at least one modal parameter such as natural frequency coe, amplitude of the natural frequency coe, Lehrs damping De or compliance N or stiffness S.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a device for monitoring the driving behavior of a rail vehicle according to a preferred embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows an acceleration-time diagram of an awakened wheel of the rail vehicle as a consequence of a significant event
- FIG. 3 shows an acceleration-frequency diagram of a reference frequency response.
- a wheelset In normal operation, the wheel sets of a rail vehicle roll over a rail track. Depending on the driving speed and condition of the rail travel, the wheelsets experience a vibration excitation. This vibration excitation leads to vibrations of the wheel sets or their parts on the one hand absolutely in space and on the other hand relative to adjacent structures or relative to each other.
- a wheelset typically consists of two wheels connected by an axle, as Fig.l shows.
- one or more sensors 2 are mounted on a wheel set 1 of a rail vehicle (not shown) which preferably detect accelerations of the wheelset 1 or a part thereof as acceleration sensors, for example in the vertical direction, and generate corresponding measuring signals.
- a signal detection unit 3 By recording the measured values of the sensors 2 and forwarding to a signal detection unit 3, a temporal acceleration profile of the vertical acceleration of the wheel set is formed there.
- the signal detection unit 3 further identifies so-called "significant events" within the temporal acceleration curve as well as the associated event times t 0 .
- a "significant event" within the time course of the measurement signal is to be understood as meaning an event in which the measurement variable or the measurement signal exceeds a predefined minimum value
- the measurement signals are monitored, for example, as to whether the measured vertical acceleration exceeds an acceleration minimum value or a minimum acceleration amplitude.
- the predetermined minimum acceleration value a ⁇ for the vertical acceleration is at least + 10 g or -10 g (m / s 2 ).
- significant individual events are acceleration maxima MAXi which are positive or negative depending on whether the wheelset is currently accelerating or decelerating in the vertical direction and exceed a minimum amplitude a m i n in the amount, as shown in FIG.
- any other quantity or even a combination of several other quantities can be detected as a time signal which is suitable for characterizing an oscillation of the wheel set in its natural mode in response to an external excitation.
- the vertical acceleration for example, accelerations in any direction, the path of movement and / or the speed of the wheel set or parts thereof are also possible as measured variables.
- vibrations of the wheel set generate dynamic forces or pressures, which can then be measured by a force transducer or pressure transducer and displayed as a temporal force or pressure signal.
- Decisive for the choice of the measurand or a combination of several measurands is their suitability to represent natural oscillations of the monitored wheel set as best as possible.
- a frequency analysis unit 4 forms the frequency response from the time course of the acceleration signal from the event time over a defined time period ta.
- the defined time duration ta preferably represents an always fixed time interval from the event time t 0 , for example between 5 and 500 milliseconds from the event time t 0 , as can be seen, for example, from FIG.
- the defined duration ta for which the frequency response of the time waveform of the measurement signal is formed, begins from the event time t 0 and ends when a certain characterizing characteristic of the oscillation occurs, such as a certain amount of decay of the oscillation or another or a next significant one Event occurs.
- the frequency response is formed, for example, by subjecting the time signal to a Fourier transformation.
- the characteristic values of the natural vibration excited by the significant event ie the geometric natural vibration mode (in the presence of a plurality of sensors distributed over the wheelset)
- Parameters eigenfrequency coe, amplitude of the natural frequency coe, Lersche damping De and stiffness Se or compliance Ne are determined in a known manner. Not all characteristic values of the natural vibration have to be determined, but some can be sufficient.
- a comparison unit 5 is provided for comparing the frequency response formed by the time signal with at least one reference frequency response stored in a memory unit 7.
- the reference frequency response can be an expected frequency response, which can be calculated by model calculation or on the basis of an exemplary pattern wheel set, e.g. generated using an experimental modal analysis.
- the reference frequency response may also be a frequency response of the monitored wheel set previously formed during the operation of the rail vehicle, or it may be an averaging of several frequency responses of the monitored wheel set or of several other wheel sets.
- the reference curve from FIG. 2 also be compared with a plurality of reference frequency responses of the monitored wheel set formed during a previous operation of the rail vehicle for a statistical evaluation over time.
- such a reference frequency response is shown, which has a maximum at a frequency of about 0.27 kHz, which represents one of the natural frequencies coe of the wheelset.
- the comparison of the frequency response formed by the measured values obtained in operation with the reference frequency response is preferably based on at least one modal parameter such as natural frequency coe, amplitude of the natural frequency coe, Lehrs damping De or compliance Ne or stiffness Se.
- the dynamic compliance N (co) increases, which is reflected in a "softer" system with a lower natural frequency coe compared to an undamaged shaft and a greater natural damping
- De Frequency peak at the natural frequency coe ie the maximum amplitude of the natural frequency coe in the frequency response greater.
- the deviation of characteristic values of the frequency response formed from the time signal with respect to the stored reference frequency response is evaluated by an evaluation unit 6. In this case, the influence of the current state of wear of the wheelset and the current speed of the wheelset can be taken into account.
- the signal acquisition unit 3, the frequency analysis unit 4, the comparison unit 5, the evaluation unit 6 and the memory unit 7 for the reference frequency response can be implemented, for example, as a combined signal acquisition and evaluation device 8 in a single microcomputer.
- the signal acquisition and evaluation device 8 may further include an averaging unit not explicitly shown here which averages a plurality of frequency responses of the monitored wheelset or several other wheelsets and forms a reference frequency response therefrom.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
UAA201204897A UA104777C2 (ru) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Способ и устройство для контроля ходового состояния единицы рельсового подвижного состава |
CN201080041682.0A CN102549406B (zh) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | 用于监控轨道车辆的行驶状态的方法和装置 |
EP10752823.4A EP2478346B1 (de) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung des fahrverhaltens eines schienenfahrzeugs |
CA2774549A CA2774549C (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Method and device for monitoring the driving behavior of a railway vehicle |
US13/496,620 US8577546B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Method and device for monitoring the driving behavior of a railway vehicle |
BR112012006167A BR112012006167B1 (pt) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | método e dispositivo de monitoramento do comportamento de condução de um veículo ferroviário |
JP2012529242A JP5661776B2 (ja) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | 軌条走行車両の走行特性を監視する方法および装置 |
AU2010297376A AU2010297376B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Method and device for monitoring the driving behavior of a railway vehicle |
KR1020127009886A KR101742339B1 (ko) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | 철도 차량의 주행 거동을 모니터하는 방법 및 장치 |
RU2012115469/11A RU2537354C2 (ru) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Способ и устройство контроля ходовых качеств рельсового транспортного средства |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009041823.7 | 2009-09-18 | ||
DE102009041823A DE102009041823A1 (de) | 2009-09-18 | 2009-09-18 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Fahrverhaltens eines Schienenfahrzeugs |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011032948A1 true WO2011032948A1 (de) | 2011-03-24 |
Family
ID=42985686
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2010/063488 WO2011032948A1 (de) | 2009-09-18 | 2010-09-14 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung des fahrverhaltens eines schienenfahrzeugs |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8577546B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2478346B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5661776B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101742339B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN102549406B (de) |
AU (1) | AU2010297376B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR112012006167B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2774549C (de) |
DE (1) | DE102009041823A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2537354C2 (de) |
UA (1) | UA104777C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011032948A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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KR20180065628A (ko) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-18 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | 철도차량이상판별장치 및 철도차량 이상 판별 방법 |
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DE102011084160A1 (de) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schienenbrucherkennung |
AU2013266261B2 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2016-02-25 | International Electronic Machines Corporation | Ultrasonic spectroscopic analysis-based inspection of rail components |
US9310340B2 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2016-04-12 | International Electronic Machines Corp. | Resonant signal analysis-based inspection of rail components |
CN103674578B (zh) * | 2012-09-14 | 2016-07-06 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | 高速列车运行动力学性能状态的检测方法 |
DE102012219210A1 (de) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-04-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schienenbrucherkennung |
DE102013100250A1 (de) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-31 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Analysieren eines Streumittels und zum Steuern eines Aufbringens eines Streumittels auf eine Schiene für ein Schienenfahrzeug |
US9607446B2 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2017-03-28 | Global Patent Operation | System and method for identifying damaged sections of a route |
US9469198B2 (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-10-18 | General Electric Company | System and method for identifying damaged sections of a route |
US9415784B2 (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-08-16 | Progress Rail Services Corporation | System and method for detecting wheel condition |
DE102015002517A1 (de) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-09-08 | Schenck Process Gmbh | Diagnoseeinrichtung zur Feststellung einer Unrundheit an Schienenfahrzeugrädern nach einem Kraftstoß-Auswerteverfahren |
KR20170001005A (ko) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-01-04 | 주식회사 디에스텍 | 실시간 주파수 계산을 위한 진동 계측기 |
WO2020047280A2 (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | Voestalpine Signaling Usa Inc. | Railcar acoustic monitoring system and method of use |
DE102020200568A1 (de) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-22 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Überwachen der Funktionsfähigkeit eines Fahrzeugs, Steuerung für einen Antrieb eines Fahrzeugs, Antrieb mit einer solchen Steuerung, und Fahrzeug mit einem solchen Antrieb |
KR102409770B1 (ko) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-06-20 | 케이티엠엔지니어링(주) | 모터카 상태 탐지 시스템 |
EP3988896B1 (de) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-04-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Verfahren und system zur diagnose einer drehmaschine |
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2009
- 2009-09-18 DE DE102009041823A patent/DE102009041823A1/de active Pending
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2010
- 2010-09-14 US US13/496,620 patent/US8577546B2/en active Active
- 2010-09-14 AU AU2010297376A patent/AU2010297376B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-09-14 EP EP10752823.4A patent/EP2478346B1/de active Active
- 2010-09-14 BR BR112012006167A patent/BR112012006167B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2010-09-14 KR KR1020127009886A patent/KR101742339B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-09-14 JP JP2012529242A patent/JP5661776B2/ja active Active
- 2010-09-14 UA UAA201204897A patent/UA104777C2/ru unknown
- 2010-09-14 WO PCT/EP2010/063488 patent/WO2011032948A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-09-14 CN CN201080041682.0A patent/CN102549406B/zh active Active
- 2010-09-14 RU RU2012115469/11A patent/RU2537354C2/ru active
- 2010-09-14 CA CA2774549A patent/CA2774549C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20180065628A (ko) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-18 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | 철도차량이상판별장치 및 철도차량 이상 판별 방법 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2478346B1 (de) | 2018-12-12 |
KR101742339B1 (ko) | 2017-05-31 |
DE102009041823A1 (de) | 2011-03-24 |
AU2010297376A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
CN102549406A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
BR112012006167B1 (pt) | 2019-12-17 |
CA2774549C (en) | 2018-06-26 |
US8577546B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
EP2478346A1 (de) | 2012-07-25 |
CN102549406B (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
CA2774549A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
JP5661776B2 (ja) | 2015-01-28 |
KR20120081158A (ko) | 2012-07-18 |
AU2010297376B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
US20120209471A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
RU2012115469A (ru) | 2013-10-27 |
BR112012006167A2 (pt) | 2016-05-31 |
RU2537354C2 (ru) | 2015-01-10 |
JP2013505432A (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
UA104777C2 (ru) | 2014-03-11 |
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