WO2011030121A1 - Agronomic nutrient powder and its method of obtention - Google Patents

Agronomic nutrient powder and its method of obtention Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011030121A1
WO2011030121A1 PCT/GB2010/051425 GB2010051425W WO2011030121A1 WO 2011030121 A1 WO2011030121 A1 WO 2011030121A1 GB 2010051425 W GB2010051425 W GB 2010051425W WO 2011030121 A1 WO2011030121 A1 WO 2011030121A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
timber
agronomic
wood
nutrient product
oxide precursors
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Application number
PCT/GB2010/051425
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French (fr)
Inventor
John William Carson
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John William Carson
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Publication of WO2011030121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011030121A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process by which agronomic nutrients can be manufactured without the use of significant additional quantities of fossil fuel.
  • the process described herein is based on the combustion of timber to provide energy for the generation of electrical power.
  • Wood burning powerstations generate an ash as a by-product of the combustion of timber.
  • a process for making an agronomic nutrient product comprising:
  • step (b) combusting the mixture obtained in step (a).
  • step (a) involves combining a wood based fuel, for example timber chips with an aqueous composition comprising one or more oxide precursors.
  • step (b) involves combusting the mixture in a wood burning powerstation.
  • the product of the second aspect of the present invention is a powder.
  • the product of the second aspect of the present invention is preferably an agronomically nutrified liming powder; principally comprising finely divided oxides of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium and sulphur.
  • the present invention thus suitably involves the addition of oxide precursors to the in-bound timber fuel feed of wood burning powerstations.
  • oxide precursors are suitably pyrolysed in the powerstation furnace, to the corresponding oxides.
  • agronomically beneficial oxides may be added to the wood ash produced.
  • CO-CALC Co-oxidic - Calcination for Agronomic Liming Compositions
  • Step (a) of the method of the first aspect of the present invention suitably involves making additions to the timber chip to be used in wood burning powerstations.
  • This addition may be in the form of a water-based slip containing oxide precursors.
  • This additive slip may beneficially be dried onto the timber chip prior to furnacing.
  • Advantageously powerstation waste heat may be used to dry the additive slip onto the timber chip.
  • the timber chip so treated may then be suitably burnt in the powerstation using conventional wood burning powerstation technology.
  • Such technology usually incorporates an ash recovery stage that may be either an electrostatic precipitator or a bag filter or any such device known in that industry, for fine particle dust recovery from the furnace and or furnace flues.
  • a modified furnace bottom ash and a modified furnace flue dust can be recovered in dry form from wood burning powerstations, which, according to the present invention, constitutes an improved, that is to say agronomically beneficial, liming agent, that additionally contains some or all of the following oxides: calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur.
  • the ash produced by wood burning powerstations can be beneficiated into a valuable agronomic agent, thus obviating land-filling, with no further fossil fuel expenditure.
  • the improved agronomic nutrient powder produced has both environmental and economic advantages.
  • the agronomic nutrient product produced by the present invention is alkaline.
  • the product may suitably be used to neutralize acidity in soil. This is commonly referred to as "liming" and thus the product may be regarded as a liming agent.
  • a finely divided liming powder may suitably be produced which obviates extractive and comminution processes needed when using conventional chalk or limestone liming agents.
  • the proposed improved agronomic liming agent may suitably contain significant quantities of primary and secondary plant nutrients, including one or more of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium and sulphur.
  • This improved agronomic nutrient powder may be used as a substitute for fossil fuel consuming fertilisers or be used in conjunction with the same.
  • the preferred wood-based fuel is chipped timber. This may be based on prime forest timber such as Northern Soft Woods or it may be recovered timber from the construction, building refurbishment and demolition trades. Blends of both prime and recovered timber may be used, that is burnt in wood burning powerstations.
  • the presence of transition metal oxide precursors in recovered timber, for example timber treatment residues or paint or other surface or impregnating treatments is not deleterious as they provide agronomically beneficial tertiary ie trace elements.
  • step (a) the wood-based fuel is combined with one or more oxide precursors.
  • one or more oxide precursors Preferably it is combined with an aqueous composition comprising one or more oxide precursors. This may be referred to herein as an "oxide precursor slip".
  • the one or more oxide precursors are preferably provided as a water based slurry, that is applied to the chipped timber prior to burning.
  • the oxide precursor slip is of specific importance in terms of the present invention.
  • the oxide precursion slip is preferably a water based suspension of chemical entities which, upon calcination, yield agronomically beneficial oxides.
  • oxides include those of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium, sulphur and mixtures thereof.
  • Appropriate ingredients for the oxide precursor slip may therefore be selected from one or more of: lime kiln fines (for calcium); dolomitic limestone kiln fines (for magnesium); calcined sewage sludge, ground bone meal, or ground apatite ore (for phosphorus); cement kiln dusts or felspatic stone quarry dusts (for potassium); and coal-burning powerstation flue gas desulphurising dusts (for sulphur).
  • wood ash itself contains some calcium and magnesium.
  • the oxide precursor slip may further comprise slurry suspending agents and/or adhesives to bind the slip to the timber chip.
  • the oxide precursor slip may be prepared for use via any convenient powder into water blending system known to industry. Such a process may involve the suspension of the oxide precursor powders plus suspending agents and adhesive binders so as to produce a stable slip. A process by which the oxide precursor slip may be applied to the timber chip will now be described:
  • the oxide precursor slip is coated and dried onto the timber prior to burning.
  • This process may be achieved by any slip spraying, coating, dipping or emersion treatment as is commonly used in the timber treatment or ceramic goods industry.
  • it can be applied by chip dipping and draining, or via a curtain wall cascade, or via various rotary mixers or via slip spray guns or by dry powder coating of dampened timber chip.
  • the present invention may thus further provide a method of modifying the timber feed for a wood burning powerstation, the method comprising coating timber chips with an aqueous composition comprising one or more oxide precursors.
  • the one or more oxide precursors are suitably materials containing one or more of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium or sulphur.
  • This method suitably provides treated timber feed and is preferably in accordance with step (a) of the process of the first aspect and may be regarded as a timber feed remediation process.
  • the timber feed beneficiation process is suitably complete when timber chips coated in the beneficiating slip are available to be fed into the wood burning powerstation furnace.
  • the present invention further provides treated timber chips.
  • Step (b) of the present invention which preferably involves the furnacing of the beneficiated timber chips will now be described:
  • Wood burning powerstation may employ various types of furnace, such as fluidised beds and chain grate systems. Any conventional wood chip furnace, as used in the power generation industry can be utilised according to the present invention.
  • the furnacing action involved at wood burning powerstations suitably involves temperatures of between 1000 and 1500°C. At these temperatures the timber chip feed is thoroughly combusted to an ash with a low residual carbon content.
  • the application of the oxide precursor slip, according to the present invention preferably does not detract from the thermal efficiency of the timber furnacing operation, to any significant extent.
  • the effect of furnacing timber chip coated with the oxide precursor slip is suitably to pyrolyse the slip ingredients and convert them into corresponding oxides.
  • a beneficiated ash is suitably produced that contains low residual carbon content plus oxides derived from the combustion of the timber eg calcia, magnesia and silica plus derived oxides from the slip ingredients such as calcia, magnesia, phosphate, potash and sulphate.
  • the ashes produced by wood burning powerstations typically exit the furnace either as furnace bottom ashes or as fly ash, that is flue dusts.
  • furnace bottom and fly ashes may be recovered, in terms of the present invention, via any convenient system as used in the power generation industry. So for example furnace bottom ash can be recovered, hot, via various vibrating and raking devices and collected in hoppers. Fly ash may be collected and recovered via electrostatic precipitation or bag filtration.
  • the recovered ashes will contain additional oxidic materials derived from the beneficiating slip. Otherwise the recovered ashes will be identical to conventional wood burning powerstation ash production.
  • the product of the second aspect of the present invention is preferably an improved agronomic nutrient powder in the form of dry fine particulate powders.
  • Inert material such as silica plus trace elements and residual carbon 10%
  • the particle size ranges of the beneficiated ashes recovered are:
  • the improved agronomic nutrient powders obtained according to the present invention require no further processing, other than bagging if preferred, for use in agriculture and or horticulture.
  • the improved agronomic nutrient powders, according to the present invention may be advantageously used in or as any of the following agronomic products:
  • Agricultural liming agent providing some primary, secondary and tertiary nutrients.
  • the improved agronomic nutrient powder provides advantageous soil pH adjustment and crop nutrification, in an economic format.
  • the improved agronomic nutrient powder, according to the present invention provides environmental advantageous over the conventional usage of liming agents plus fossil fuel rich chemical fertilisers.
  • the improved agronomic nutrient powder provides for significant application equipment, fuel and labour savings via the elimination of the separate spreading of lime to the land.
  • the present invention provides a manufacturing route to agronomic nutrients with low carbon dioxide emissions.
  • the present invention provides significant advantages: a useful product is obtained by minor modification of a process which previously produced only waste.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

A process for making an agronomic nutrient product, the process comprising: (a) combining a wood-based fuel with one or more oxide precursors; and (b) combusting the mixture obtained in step (a).

Description

AGRONOMIC NUTRIENT POWDER AND ITS METHOD OF OBTENTION
The present invention relates to a process by which agronomic nutrients can be manufactured without the use of significant additional quantities of fossil fuel. The process described herein is based on the combustion of timber to provide energy for the generation of electrical power.
To appreciate the process improvement potential of the present invention it is first necessary to understand some of the disadvantages of conventional wood burning powerstations. Wood burning powerstations generate an ash as a by-product of the combustion of timber.
These conventional wood burning powerstations are claimed to be environmentally friendly because the forests consumed are replaced with sapling trees. Thus the trees absorb carbon dioxide during their life and this carbon dioxide, and little additional, is liberated when the timber is consumed in the powerstation furnace.
However, this environmentally sound image is somewhat tarnished when it is considered that the ash from a conventional wood burning powerstation has no commercial value and has to be land-filled, at considerable cost and further fossil fuel consumption.
It is an aim of the present invention to convert this ash into an advantageous agronomic nutrient powder.
To appreciate the advantageous product properties of the present invention it is first necessary to understand some of the disadvantages of conventional agricultural liming agents.
Most cultivated agricultural land becomes more acidic with use and therefore needs to be limed. Conventional liming is carried out using quarried chalk or limestone which has to be crushed into a fine powder. This extractive and comminution process is expensive and consumes significant quantities of fossil fuel.
It is a further current disadvantage of conventional agricultural liming practice that the lime has to be added separately from any fertiliser addition. As such liming constitutes an additional labour and fossil fuel intensive application to agricultural land.
There are many farming practices in which only small quantities of fertiliser nutrients are needed. According to the present invention these can be conveniently provided by the nutrified liming agent produced by the present invention. According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for making an agronomic nutrient product, the process comprising:
(a) combining a wood-based fuel with one or more oxide precursors; and
(b) combusting the mixture obtained in step (a).
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided an agronomic nutrient product obtained by the process of the first aspect. Preferably step (a) involves combining a wood based fuel, for example timber chips with an aqueous composition comprising one or more oxide precursors.
Preferably step (b) involves combusting the mixture in a wood burning powerstation. Preferably the product of the second aspect of the present invention is a powder.
The product of the second aspect of the present invention is preferably an agronomically nutrified liming powder; principally comprising finely divided oxides of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium and sulphur.
The present invention thus suitably involves the addition of oxide precursors to the in-bound timber fuel feed of wood burning powerstations. These oxide precursors are suitably pyrolysed in the powerstation furnace, to the corresponding oxides. In this way agronomically beneficial oxides may be added to the wood ash produced.
The process involved in the present invention may be described as:
Co-oxidic - Calcination for Agronomic Liming Compositions (CO-CALC).
Step (a) of the method of the first aspect of the present invention suitably involves making additions to the timber chip to be used in wood burning powerstations. This addition may be in the form of a water-based slip containing oxide precursors. This additive slip may beneficially be dried onto the timber chip prior to furnacing. Advantageously powerstation waste heat may be used to dry the additive slip onto the timber chip. The timber chip so treated may then be suitably burnt in the powerstation using conventional wood burning powerstation technology. Such technology usually incorporates an ash recovery stage that may be either an electrostatic precipitator or a bag filter or any such device known in that industry, for fine particle dust recovery from the furnace and or furnace flues. In this way a modified furnace bottom ash and a modified furnace flue dust can be recovered in dry form from wood burning powerstations, which, according to the present invention, constitutes an improved, that is to say agronomically beneficial, liming agent, that additionally contains some or all of the following oxides: calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur.
Preferably it is a feature of the present invention that little or no additional fossil fuel is consumed, over and above conventional wood burning powerstation practice. According to the present invention the ash produced by wood burning powerstations can be beneficiated into a valuable agronomic agent, thus obviating land-filling, with no further fossil fuel expenditure.
This operational improvement for wood burning powerstations elevates such operations above coal fired powerstations, because pulverised fuel ash (PFA) cannot be so beneficiated into such an agronomic product.
Thus, according to the current invention the improved agronomic nutrient powder produced has both environmental and economic advantages. Preferably the agronomic nutrient product produced by the present invention is alkaline. Thus the product may suitably be used to neutralize acidity in soil. This is commonly referred to as "liming" and thus the product may be regarded as a liming agent.
According to the present invention a finely divided liming powder may suitably be produced which obviates extractive and comminution processes needed when using conventional chalk or limestone liming agents. Moreover, in addition to soil pH adjustment the proposed improved agronomic liming agent may suitably contain significant quantities of primary and secondary plant nutrients, including one or more of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium and sulphur.
This improved agronomic nutrient powder may be used as a substitute for fossil fuel consuming fertilisers or be used in conjunction with the same.
Taken together the benefits of the proposed product, in terms of improved liming and nutrification, confer substantial economic and environmental benefits.
Suitable raw materials for use in the process of present invention will now be described. The preferred wood-based fuel is chipped timber. This may be based on prime forest timber such as Northern Soft Woods or it may be recovered timber from the construction, building refurbishment and demolition trades. Blends of both prime and recovered timber may be used, that is burnt in wood burning powerstations. The presence of transition metal oxide precursors in recovered timber, for example timber treatment residues or paint or other surface or impregnating treatments is not deleterious as they provide agronomically beneficial tertiary ie trace elements.
In step (a) the wood-based fuel is combined with one or more oxide precursors. Preferably it is combined with an aqueous composition comprising one or more oxide precursors. This may be referred to herein as an "oxide precursor slip".
The one or more oxide precursors are preferably provided as a water based slurry, that is applied to the chipped timber prior to burning. The oxide precursor slip is of specific importance in terms of the present invention.
The oxide precursion slip is preferably a water based suspension of chemical entities which, upon calcination, yield agronomically beneficial oxides. Such oxides include those of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium, sulphur and mixtures thereof.
Appropriate ingredients for the oxide precursor slip may therefore be selected from one or more of: lime kiln fines (for calcium); dolomitic limestone kiln fines (for magnesium); calcined sewage sludge, ground bone meal, or ground apatite ore (for phosphorus); cement kiln dusts or felspatic stone quarry dusts (for potassium); and coal-burning powerstation flue gas desulphurising dusts (for sulphur).
It should also be noted that wood ash itself contains some calcium and magnesium.
The above listed precursors are only examples and many more suitable arisings, in the terms of recovered co-products, can be used.
The oxide precursor slip may further comprise slurry suspending agents and/or adhesives to bind the slip to the timber chip. The oxide precursor slip may be prepared for use via any convenient powder into water blending system known to industry. Such a process may involve the suspension of the oxide precursor powders plus suspending agents and adhesive binders so as to produce a stable slip. A process by which the oxide precursor slip may be applied to the timber chip will now be described:
Preferably the oxide precursor slip is coated and dried onto the timber prior to burning.
This process may be achieved by any slip spraying, coating, dipping or emersion treatment as is commonly used in the timber treatment or ceramic goods industry. For example it can be applied by chip dipping and draining, or via a curtain wall cascade, or via various rotary mixers or via slip spray guns or by dry powder coating of dampened timber chip.
Once a slip coating has been achieved on the timber chip it is advantageous, but not essential, to dry the slip onto the timber prior to burning. This can be conveniently achieved using waste heat from the powerstation. For this reason, the slip coating of the timber chip may best be undertaken on the site of wood burning powerstations.
The present invention may thus further provide a method of modifying the timber feed for a wood burning powerstation, the method comprising coating timber chips with an aqueous composition comprising one or more oxide precursors. The one or more oxide precursors are suitably materials containing one or more of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium or sulphur. This method suitably provides treated timber feed and is preferably in accordance with step (a) of the process of the first aspect and may be regarded as a timber feed benefication process.
The timber feed beneficiation process, according to the present invention, is suitably complete when timber chips coated in the beneficiating slip are available to be fed into the wood burning powerstation furnace. The present invention further provides treated timber chips.
Step (b) of the present invention which preferably involves the furnacing of the beneficiated timber chips will now be described:
Wood burning powerstation may employ various types of furnace, such as fluidised beds and chain grate systems. Any conventional wood chip furnace, as used in the power generation industry can be utilised according to the present invention. The furnacing action involved at wood burning powerstations suitably involves temperatures of between 1000 and 1500°C. At these temperatures the timber chip feed is thoroughly combusted to an ash with a low residual carbon content. The application of the oxide precursor slip, according to the present invention, preferably does not detract from the thermal efficiency of the timber furnacing operation, to any significant extent. The effect of furnacing timber chip coated with the oxide precursor slip is suitably to pyrolyse the slip ingredients and convert them into corresponding oxides. Thus a beneficiated ash is suitably produced that contains low residual carbon content plus oxides derived from the combustion of the timber eg calcia, magnesia and silica plus derived oxides from the slip ingredients such as calcia, magnesia, phosphate, potash and sulphate.
The processes via which the combusted ashes may be recovered will now be described:
The ashes produced by wood burning powerstations typically exit the furnace either as furnace bottom ashes or as fly ash, that is flue dusts.
Both of these ex furnace ash sources are of value in the present invention.
Both furnace bottom and fly ashes may be recovered, in terms of the present invention, via any convenient system as used in the power generation industry. So for example furnace bottom ash can be recovered, hot, via various vibrating and raking devices and collected in hoppers. Fly ash may be collected and recovered via electrostatic precipitation or bag filtration.
In both cases it is usual practice to recover dry ashes, and this is beneficial in the case of the present invention.
In the case of the present invention, the recovered ashes will contain additional oxidic materials derived from the beneficiating slip. Otherwise the recovered ashes will be identical to conventional wood burning powerstation ash production.
The nature of the beneficial recovered ashes will next be described, these being the products of the second aspect of the present invention.
The product of the second aspect of the present invention is preferably an improved agronomic nutrient powder in the form of dry fine particulate powders.
A typical range of analysis of these products is:
Calcia 25 to 90% weight Magnesia 5 to 40% by weight
Phosphate 5 to 40% by weight
Potash 5 to 40% by weight
Sulphate 5 to 50% by weight
With the above ranges of analysis it is possible and often desirable to define an agronomically appropriate oxidic ratio and to target that formulation via the selection of raw material quantities used in the production of the beneficiating slip. In this way a preferred product formula may be produced.
An example of a preferred product formula from within the above ranges is:
Calcia 40%
Magnesia 10%
Phosphate 15%
Potash 15%
Sulphate 10%
Inert material such as silica plus trace elements and residual carbon 10%
Typically the particle size ranges of the beneficiated ashes recovered, are:
Furnace bottom ash 4mm down to sub micron
Fly ash 0.5mm down to sub micron In the above forms, the improved agronomic nutrient powders obtained according to the present invention, require no further processing, other than bagging if preferred, for use in agriculture and or horticulture.
Typical applications for the improved agronomic nutrient powders will now be described.
The improved agronomic nutrient powders, according to the present invention may be advantageously used in or as any of the following agronomic products:
Agricultural liming agent, providing some primary, secondary and tertiary nutrients.
Nutrified liming agent for ecological and subsistence farming.
Raw material for granular nutrified liming agents.
Raw material for speciality horticultural and agriculture fertilisers. In all of the above applications, the improved agronomic nutrient powder, according to the present invention, provides advantageous soil pH adjustment and crop nutrification, in an economic format. In all of the above applications, the improved agronomic nutrient powder, according to the present invention, provides environmental advantageous over the conventional usage of liming agents plus fossil fuel rich chemical fertilisers.
In all of the above applications, the improved agronomic nutrient powder, according to the present invention, provides for significant application equipment, fuel and labour savings via the elimination of the separate spreading of lime to the land.
The present invention provides a manufacturing route to agronomic nutrients with low carbon dioxide emissions.
Taken together it can be seen that the present invention provides significant advantages: a useful product is obtained by minor modification of a process which previously produced only waste.

Claims

Claims
A process for making an agronomic nutrient product, the process comprising:
(a) combining a wood-based fuel with one or more oxide precursors; and
(b) combusting the mixture obtained in step (a).
A process according to claim 1 wherein the wood based fuel in step (a) comprises timber chips.
A process according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein step (b) involves combusting the mixture in a wood burning powerstation.
A process according to any preceding claim wherein in step (a) the wood based fuel is combined with an aqueous composition comprising one or more oxide precursors.
A process according to any preceding claim wherein the one or more oxide precursors contains a source of one or more of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium and sulfur.
6. A process according to any preceding claim wherein the one or more oxide precursors is selected from lime kiln fines, dolomite lime stone kiln fines, calcined sewage sludge, ground bone meal, ground apatite ore, cement kiln dusts, felspatic stone quarry dusts, coal-burning powerstation flue gas desulfurising dusts and mixtures thereof.
7. A process according to claim 4 wherein the aqueous composition is dried onto the wood based fuel prior to step (b).
8. An agronomic nutrient product obtained by the process of any preceding claim.
9. An agronomic nutrient product according to claim 8 which is in the form of a powder.
10. An agronomic nutrient product to claim 8 or claim 9 which comprises oxides of one or more of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur.
1 1. An agronomic nutrient product according to claim 10 which comprises 25 to 90wt% calcia, 5 to 40wt% magnesia, 5 to 40 wt% phosphate, 5 to 40wt% potash and 5 to 40wt% sulfate. A method of modifying the timber feed for a wood burning powerstation, the method comprising coating timber chips with an aqueous composition comprising one or more oxide precursors.
The timber chips produced by the method of claim 12.
A process for making an agronomic nutrient product substantially as hereinbefore described. 15. An agronomic nutrient product substantially as hereinbefore described.
PCT/GB2010/051425 2009-09-09 2010-08-27 Agronomic nutrient powder and its method of obtention WO2011030121A1 (en)

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GB0915747A GB2473439A (en) 2009-09-09 2009-09-09 A process for making an agronomic nutrient product
GB0915747.0 2009-09-09

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WO2011030121A1 true WO2011030121A1 (en) 2011-03-17

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CZ307190B6 (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-03-07 Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze A mixture for fertilizer preparation, granules for fertilization of plants, the method of their production and their use

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US5249889A (en) * 1992-04-27 1993-10-05 Great Lakes/Enviroland, Inc. Soil-less method for the reclamation of disturbed areas
DE4244380A1 (en) * 1992-12-29 1994-06-30 Iseke Gmbh & Co Reducing pollutant emissions from tar, etc
DE10217932A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Franz Dietrich Oeste Safety device comprises a unit for burning fuels and fuel additives, in which the combustion products contain iodine, iron, carbon, soot, aerosol-like iron oxides, gaseous iodine compounds and absorbed iodine compounds
US20070140943A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2007-06-21 Comrie Douglas C Sorbent composition to reduce emissions from the burning of carbonaceous fuels
US20070163476A1 (en) * 2006-01-18 2007-07-19 Comrie Douglas C Apparatus for delivery of sorbent to a furnace during combustion
EP1978076A1 (en) * 2007-03-21 2008-10-08 Rheinbraun Brennstoff GmbH Barbecue briquette

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