WO2011026437A1 - 用户侧组播业务主备保护系统、方法及路由设备 - Google Patents

用户侧组播业务主备保护系统、方法及路由设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011026437A1
WO2011026437A1 PCT/CN2010/076598 CN2010076598W WO2011026437A1 WO 2011026437 A1 WO2011026437 A1 WO 2011026437A1 CN 2010076598 W CN2010076598 W CN 2010076598W WO 2011026437 A1 WO2011026437 A1 WO 2011026437A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
routing device
routing
active
primary
multicast service
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2010/076598
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈辉煌
钱国锋
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP10813359A priority Critical patent/EP2442475A4/en
Priority to BR112012008313A priority patent/BR112012008313B1/pt
Priority to JP2012521953A priority patent/JP5676605B2/ja
Publication of WO2011026437A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011026437A1/zh
Priority to US13/354,131 priority patent/US9871724B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/22Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using redundant apparatus to increase reliability
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/22Alternate routing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/24Multipath
    • H04L45/247Multipath using M:N active or standby paths
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/58Association of routers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0093Point-to-multipoint

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of data traffic protection, and in particular, to a user side multicast service active backup protection system, method, and routing device. Background technique
  • IPTV Internet Protocol Television
  • Some multicast service data traffic protection schemes have been proposed in the prior art, such as active/standby protection of the multicast source.
  • the multicast proxy server is connected to the multicast source primary server and the multicast source standby server respectively, and the multicast proxy server provides cooperation for the multicast source primary server and the multicast source standby server.
  • the interface translates the source address of the multicast source to the same external network address and forwards the data stream of the multicast source.
  • the multicast source backup server runs the multicast source backup and the multicast source backup server to implement the active/standby protection of the multicast source.
  • the active/standby protection scheme of the multicast source is mainly used to solve the problem of instability of the multicast source in the prior art, and is difficult to apply to the receiving end close to the user side.
  • a scheme for multicast static group backup is also proposed in the prior art.
  • multicast static group information is configured on the interface of the primary router on the network side, and hotspot channels are introduced into the primary router, and are performed on the standby router.
  • Manual backup Since this solution needs to be manually configured, it is impossible to dynamically back up the multicast program information that the user clicks on, and since the user information is not backed up in the standby router, the user cannot be identified and authenticated. This is difficult to protect the interests of operators.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a user-side multicast service active/standby protection system, a method, and a routing device, which can implement active/standby protection of data traffic of a user-side multicast service.
  • the present invention provides a routing device, where the routing device and the at least one second routing device are both connected to the aggregation device, the routing device is a primary device, and the routing device includes: synchronous backup of user information. And a module, configured to synchronize, by using the aggregation device, user information of the multicast service to the at least one second routing device in real time.
  • the present invention provides a routing device, where the routing device and the first routing device are both connected to the aggregation device, and the first routing device is a master device, and the routing device includes:
  • a user information synchronization storage module configured to store user information of a multicast service synchronized in real time from the first routing device
  • an active/standby switchover module configured to: when detecting that the first routing device becomes unavailable from available, select the second active device to replace the first routing device.
  • the present invention provides a user-side multicast service active/standby protection system, including a first routing device and at least one second routing device; the first routing device and the at least one second routing device are both Connecting to the aggregation device; the first routing device is configured to synchronize user information of the multicast service to the at least one second routing device in real time by using the aggregation device; the at least one second routing device is configured to detect When the first routing device becomes unavailable from available, the second primary device is elected to take over the first routing device.
  • the present invention provides a user-side multicast service active/standby protection method, in which a first routing device and at least one second routing device are both connected to an aggregation device, and the first routing device is a primary device.
  • the method includes:
  • the first routing device synchronizes user information of the multicast service to the at least one second routing device in real time by the aggregation device;
  • the second primary device is selected from the at least one second routing device to replace the first routing device.
  • the present invention configures the routing device as the primary and backup devices on the user side, and synchronizes the user information to the routing device in real time, thereby ensuring that the user can be identified and authenticated after the active/standby switchover.
  • the invention is not affected, and the legality of the user traffic and the channel is ensured, thereby ensuring the economic benefits of the operator.
  • the invention can also improve the switching speed, ensure the continuity of the service, and provide a good service experience for the user.
  • FIG. 1 is a scenario diagram of an application of an active/standby protection system for a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a user-side multicast service active/standby protection system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a user-side multicast service active/standby protection system according to the present invention.
  • the system embodiment includes a specific structure of an embodiment of a first routing device and a second routing device.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for protecting a primary-side service of a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another embodiment of a method for protecting a primary-side service of a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart diagram of still another embodiment of a method for protecting a primary-side service of a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of still another embodiment of a method for performing active/standby protection of a user-side multicast service according to the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 is a scenario diagram of an application of an active/standby protection system for a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • the user side includes a first routing device (for example, a broadband remote access server, BRAS-1) and at least one second routing device BRAS-2 as a backup device.
  • BRAS-1 for example, a broadband remote access server, BRAS-1
  • BRAS-2 for example, a broadband remote access server
  • BRAS-2 a broadband remote access server
  • BRAS-2 only one second routing device BRAS-2 is schematically illustrated.
  • BRAS-3, BRAS-4, etc. may be included as backup.
  • the first routing device BRAS-1 and the second routing device BRAS-2 are both connected to the routing device in the IP/MPLS core network, and the downlink is connected to the aggregation device 31, the aggregation device 32 or the aggregation device 33 on the user side, and the aggregation device is connected.
  • the core switch Core Switch, CSW for short
  • the core switch CSW-31 is connected to the corresponding Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) 41, CSW-32.
  • DSLAM-42 Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
  • STB Set Top Box
  • STB Phone Phone-62 and PC-PC can be connected to the Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer DSLAM-41 via Home Gateway (HG) 51.
  • the set-top box STB-63, the telephone phone-62, and the personal computer PC-61 can perform multicast channel information on-demand via PPPoE dial-up Internet access, or can be multicasted through the Dynamic Host Configure Protocol (DHCP). On-demand.
  • DHCP Dynamic Host Configure Protocol
  • the network side needs to identify and authenticate the user, so in the second Need to save multicast in routing device BRAS-2 User information for the business.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a user-side multicast service active/standby protection system according to the present invention.
  • the user-side multicast service active/standby protection system 200 (the rectangular frame pointed by the arrow) includes the first routing device 1 and at least one second routing device 2 (as shown in FIG. 2 as a second routing device). Example), wherein the first routing device 1 and the at least one second routing device 2 are both connected to the aggregation device 3 (corresponding to CSW-31, CSW-2 or CSW-33 in the scenario of FIG. 1), wherein the convergence device 3 It can be CSW-31, CSW-2 or CSW-33 in the scene of Figure 1.
  • the first routing device 1 is configured to synchronize the user information of the multicast service to the at least one second routing device 2 in real time by the aggregation device 3.
  • At least one second routing device 2 is configured to elect the second primary device to take over the first routing device 1 when it is detected that the first routing device 1 becomes unavailable from available.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a user-side multicast service active/standby protection system according to the present invention.
  • the system embodiment includes a specific structure of an embodiment of the first routing device 1 and the second routing device 2.
  • the first routing device 1 is a master device, and may include a user information synchronization backup module 11 for synchronizing the user information of the multicast service to the second routing device 2 in real time by the aggregation device, thereby ensuring the second
  • the user information of the multicast service running on the first routing device 1 is always received and saved in the routing device 2, so that the second routing device 2 can implement user identification and authentication according to the user information of the multicast service during the active/standby switchover.
  • the second routing device 2 does not need to interrupt the accessed multicast service, and continues to provide services for the user according to the user information of the multicast service.
  • the synchronous backup mode is N+1 backup, and N is a natural number.
  • the real-time synchronization function of the first routing device 1 indicates that the first routing device 1 can synchronize the user information of the updated multicast service to the second routing device 2 in time according to the update status of the user information of the multicast service stored by itself.
  • the second routing device 2 can ensure that the multicast service is not interrupted due to the change of the user information, and the user can be identified and authenticated.
  • the second routing device 2 may include a user information synchronization storage module 22 and a master/slave switching module 21, wherein the user information synchronization storage module 11 is configured to store users of the multicast service synchronized in real time from the first routing device 1.
  • the active/standby switching module 21 can pass The existing active/standby switchover protocol implements fault detection and active/standby switchover between the first routing device 1 and the second routing device 2, such as a Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).
  • VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
  • the first routing device 1 communicates with the at least one second routing device 2 by periodically sending a VRRP multicast packet to ensure that the second routing device 2 can know the state of the first routing device 1 in time, and the second routing device
  • the active/standby switching module 21 included in the 2 periodically checks whether an advertisement message sent by the first routing device 1 is received, and if not received, it can be determined that the first routing device 1 becomes unavailable from available.
  • the second routing device is selected from the at least one second routing device 2 to take over the first routing device 1.
  • the second primary device continues to provide the multicast service for the user, and the first routing device 1 is switched to the standby device and is released.
  • the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to update the Medium Access Control (MAC) table of the downstream aggregation device 3.
  • the active/standby switchback module may be further configured to perform the active/standby negotiation with the first routing device after the first routing device is restored from unavailable to available. If the result of the negotiation is that the first routing device is the primary device, the active/standby switchback module switches the first routing device to the primary device, switches the second primary device to the standby device, and advertises the gratuitous ARP to complete the user service. cut.
  • the user information batch backup module may be further included in the second routing device, and the second primary device may perform the multicast service when the first routing device is switched to the primary device. The user information is backed up in batches to the first routing device.
  • the user information of the multicast service mentioned in the foregoing refers to the information of the user side related to the accessed multicast service. For example, it includes at least the MAC address of the user, and may also include multicast information of the user side, for example. : User multicast traffic statistics mode, multicast group authorization list, and so on.
  • the present invention also provides an embodiment for implementing a higher switching speed, that is, in another embodiment of the second routing device, a bidirectional forwarding test (Bidirectional Forwarding) can also be set.
  • the Detect (abbreviated as BFD) module can establish a bidirectional forwarding detection session (BFD session, a BFD session) between the first routing device and the at least one second routing device, and detect whether the BFD session is If the status of the BFD session is Down, it is determined that the first routing device becomes unavailable from available.
  • the second routing device can complete the active/standby switchover by using the existing active/standby switching protocol (for example, VRRP protocol) through the active/standby switching module.
  • the existing active/standby switching protocol for example, VRRP protocol
  • the second active device may perform the active/standby negotiation with the first routing device by using the existing active/standby switching protocol (for example, VRRP), if the negotiation result is the first
  • the active/standby switchback module switches the first routing device to the primary device and the second primary device to the standby device.
  • the BFD protocol is a path connectivity detection protocol.
  • the purpose of BFD is to provide a low overhead and short detection time for fault detection between adjacent forwarding systems.
  • the BFD packet is a packet encapsulated by the UDP protocol.
  • the destination UDP port number is 2784, which can be loaded into any appropriate media or network protocol.
  • BFD can run on multiple levels of the system. To meet the needs of fast detection, the BFD draft specifies that the transmission interval and reception interval unit is microsecond. However, limited to the current device processing capability, most vendors' devices can only achieve milliseconds when configuring BFD, and then convert to microseconds when performing internal processing.
  • the default timer is 10ms, and three consecutive failures are detected, so that the link fault can be detected up to 30ms.
  • the BFD state mechanism is implemented through the three-way handshake mode. The establishment and removal of the BFD state machine uses a three-way handshake mechanism to ensure that both systems can know the state change.
  • a BFD session has four states: Down, Init, Up, and AdminDown.
  • the Down indicates that the session is in the Down state or just created.
  • Ink indicates that the session can communicate with the peer system.
  • the local end wants to make the session enter the Up state.
  • Up indicates that the session has been successfully established.
  • AdminDown indicates that the session is in an administrative Down state.
  • the fast detection of whether the first routing device becomes available from the available routing device can reach milliseconds (for example, 100 to 200 ms), and the BFD protocol is also applied to the routing device.
  • PIM Protocol Independent Multicast
  • the active/standby switchover module of the second routing device is connected to the BFD module, and the active/standby switchover module of the second routing device can perform the active/standby switchover according to the unavailable state detected by the BFD module, because the first routing device
  • the detection time of the unavailable state is shortened to 100 to 200 ms. Therefore, fast switching can be implemented between the first routing device and the second routing device, thereby ensuring the continuity of the multicast service. Since the switching time is very short, the user usually cannot detect the abnormality of the network, and since the user information of the multicast service is backed up in real time, the user does not need to re-online and on-demand, which not only improves the availability and multicast of the multicast service. User satisfaction can also protect the economic interests of operators.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for performing active/standby protection of a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • the first routing device and the at least one second routing device are both connected to the aggregation device, and the first routing device is a network structure of the primary device, and the user-side multicast service active/standby protection process includes:
  • Step 101 The first routing device synchronizes the user information of the multicast service to the at least one second routing device in real time by using the aggregation device.
  • Step 102 The at least one second routing device selects the second primary device to replace the first routing device from the at least one second routing device when detecting that the first routing device becomes available from unavailable.
  • the case where the first routing device in the embodiment is changed from unavailable to unavailable may include a failure of a link, an interface, a board, or a whole machine of the first routing device.
  • the second active device needs to identify the received IGMP message of the user and send it to the IGMP protocol layer for processing. Since the user information of the multicast service has been After the backup is performed on the second active device, the user's IGMP report message can be authenticated by the user, and the user's IGMP entry is created to import the multicast traffic to the second active device.
  • the first routing device synchronizes the user information of the multicast service to the second routing device in real time, and ensures that the second routing device always stores accurate user information, so that the network side can accurately identify the user.
  • authentication to ensure the interests of operators, can also ensure the rapid recovery of services when switching, without interrupting the user's multicast service, and thus provide users with a good experience.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another embodiment of a method for performing active/standby protection of a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • the embodiment further includes the step 100, that is, when at least two routing devices are configured on the user side, at least two routing devices configured on the user side may be paired by using an active/standby switching protocol (for example, VRRP protocol).
  • an active/standby switching protocol for example, VRRP protocol.
  • the first routing device can continuously update the multicast service according to the uplink/downlink of the user in step 101.
  • User information and notify each second routing device in real time.
  • Step 102 is similar to step 102 in FIG. 4 and will not be described again here.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart diagram of still another embodiment of a method for performing active/standby protection of a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • step 102 in this embodiment is specifically step 102a, that is, at least one second routing device periodically detects whether a notification message (such as a VRRP multicast packet, etc.) sent by the first routing device is received. If not received, it is determined that the first routing device becomes unavailable from available. At this time, the second primary device is selected from the at least one second routing device, and the first routing device is switched to standby.
  • a notification message such as a VRRP multicast packet, etc.
  • step 103a may be further included, that is, after the first routing device is restored from unavailable to available, the second active device performs primary-slave negotiation with the first routing device, if the negotiation result is first.
  • the routing device functions as the primary device, the first routing device is switched to the primary device, and the second primary device is switched to the standby device.
  • the second active device can also back up the user information of the multicast service to the first routing device in batches.
  • the at least one second routing device when at least one second routing device detects that the first routing device becomes unavailable from available in step 102a, the at least one second routing device may also re-elect the PIM interface to select a new data forwarding. path.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart diagram of still another embodiment of a method for performing active/standby protection of a user-side multicast service according to the present invention.
  • the present embodiment is different from the previous embodiment in steps 102b-103b, wherein the fault detection and fault recovery detection are performed by using the BFD protocol in steps 102b and 103b, specifically:
  • Step 102b It is determined whether the BFD session established between the first routing device and the at least one second routing device is in the Down state. If the BFD session is in the Down state, the first routing device is determined to be unavailable. . When it is determined that the first routing device becomes available from unavailable, the second routing device may select the second master from the at least one second routing device by using the existing active/standby switching protocol (for example, VRRP protocol) by using the active/standby switching module. The device is used to replace the first routing device.
  • the existing active/standby switching protocol for example, VRRP protocol
  • Step 103b Detect whether the BFD session established between the first routing device and the second active device is in the Up state, and if the BFD between the first routing device and the second active device is detected, If the session is in the Up state, it is determined that the first routing device is restored from being available to be available.
  • the second routing device can perform the active/standby negotiation with the first routing device by using the existing active/standby switching protocol (for example, VRRP).
  • the first routing device functions as the primary device, and the active/standby switchback module switches the first routing device to the primary device and the second primary device to the standby device.
  • the second primary device can also back up the user information of the multicast service to the first routing device in batches.
  • the BFD protocol is used to quickly detect the fault, so that the second routing device on the user side can detect the state that the first routing device becomes unavailable from available, and the detection time is shortened to 100 to 200 ms. Therefore, the switching time can also be improved to ensure the continuity of the multicast service. Since the switching time is very short, the user usually cannot detect the abnormality of the network, and the user information of the multicast service is prepared in real time. Therefore, users do not need to re-launch online and on-demand, which not only improves the availability of multicast services and the satisfaction of multicast users, but also protects the economic interests of operators.
  • the at least one second routing device may re-elect the PIM interface. To choose a new data forwarding path.

Description

用户侧组播业务主备保护系统、 方法及路由设备 本申请要求于 2009 年 9 月 3 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 CN 200910170119.2、 发明名称为 "用户侧组播业务主备保护系统、 方法及路由设 备" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及数据流量保护领域,尤其涉及一种用户侧组播业务主 备保护系统、 方法及路由设备。 背景技术
随着大量网络电视 ( Internet Protocol Television , 简称 IPTV ) 业务的开展, 骨干网的数据流量保护切换机制已经非常成熟, 但在用 户侧的边缘路由器的链路出现故障时, 目前还缺少比较有效的组播业 务数据流量的保护机制。
现有技术中已经提出了一些组播业务数据流量保护方案,例如组 播源主备保护。 在组播源主备保护方案中, 组播代理服务器分别与组 播源主服务器和组播源备用服务器连接, 该组播代理服务器对内为组 播源主服务器和组播源备用服务器提供协作接口, 对外将组播源的数 据流源地址转换为相同的外网地址, 并转发组播源的数据流。 组播代 理服务器与组播源主服务器和组播源备用服务器之间运行组播源备份 倒换控制协议以实现组播源的主备保护。 这种组播源主备保护方案主 要为了解决现有技术中的组播源不稳定的问题, 难以应用到靠近用户 侧的接收端。
现有技术中还提出了组播静态组备份的方案,这种方案在网络侧 的主路由器的接口中配置组播静态组信息, 将热点频道引入到该主路 由器中, 并在备用路由器上进行手工备份。 由于这种方案需要手工进 行配置, 因此无法实现动态备份用户点播的组播节目信息, 而且由于 在备用路由器中没有备份用户信息, 无法进行用户的识别和鉴权, 因 此难以保障运营商的利益。
可以看出,上述现有数据流量保护方案由于各自的问题均难以简 单应用于用户侧的数据流量保护, 在缺乏保护的情况下, 当用户侧组 播的主路由器发生故障时, 会造成组播流量中断, 用户需要等待下一 次的互联网组管理协议 ( Internet Group Management Protocol, 简称 IGMP ) 查询, 才能通过发送 report报文重新加入该组播流量对应的 频道, 这必然会造成用户的体验下降。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种用户侧组播业务主备保护系统、方法及 路由设备, 能够实现用户侧组播业务的数据流量的主备保护。
为实现上述目的, 本发明提供了一种路由设备, 所述路由设备和 至少一个第二路由设备均与汇聚设备连接,所述路由设备为主用设备, 所述路由设备包括: 用户信息同步备份模块, 用于通过所述汇聚设备 实时地向所述至少一个第二路由设备同步组播业务的用户信息。
为实现上述目的, 本发明提供了一种路由设备, 所述路由设备和 第一路由设备均与汇聚设备连接, 所述第一路由设备为主用设备, 所 述路由设备包括:
用户信息同步存储模块,用于存储从所述第一路由设备实时同步 的组播业务的用户信息;
主备切换模块,用于在检测到所述第一路由设备由可用变为不可 用时, 选出第二主用设备接替所述第一路由设备。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种用户侧组播业务主备保护系 统, 包括第一路由设备和至少一个第二路由设备; 所述第一路由设备 和所述至少一个第二路由设备均与汇聚设备连接; 所述第一路由设备 用于通过所述汇聚设备实时地向所述至少一个第二路由设备同步组播 业务的用户信息; 所述至少一个第二路由设备用于在检测到所述第一 路由设备由可用变为不可用时, 选举出第二主用设备接替所述第一路 由设备。 为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种用户侧组播业务主备保护方 法,其中, 第一路由设备和至少一个第二路由设备均与汇聚设备连接, 所述第一路由设备为主用设备, 所述方法包括:
所述第一路由设备通过所述汇聚设备实时地向所述至少一个第 二路由设备同步组播业务的用户信息;
所述至少一个第二路由设备在检测到所述第一路由设备由可用 变为不可用时, 从所述至少一个第二路由设备中选出第二主用设备接 替所述第一路由设备。
基于上述技术方案,本发明在用户侧配置作为主用和备用的路由 设备, 并将用户信息实时同步到作为备用的路由设备, 从而可以保证 在主备切换后, 能够使得用户的识别和鉴权不受影响, 保证用户流量 和频道的合法性, 进而可以保障运营商的经济利益, 本发明还可以提 高切换速度, 保证业务的连续性, 为用户提供良好的业务体验。 附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请 的一部分, 本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构 成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中:
图 1 为本发明用户側组播业务主备保护系统实施例应用的场景 图。
图 2为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护系统的一实施例的结构示 意图。
图 3为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护系统的另一实施例的结构 示意图, 在系统实施例中包括第一路由设备和第二路由设备的实施例 的具体结构。
图 4为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护方法的一实施例的流程示 意图。
图 5为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护方法的另一实施例的流程 示意图。 图 6为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护方法的又一实施例的流程 示意图。
图 7为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护方法的再一实施例的流程 示意图。 具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例,对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描 述。
如图 1所示,为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护系统实施例应用 的场景图。 在本实施例中, 在用户侧包括作为主用设备的第一路由设 备 (例如宽带远程接入服务器 Broadcast Remote Access Server, 简称 BRAS-1 )和至少一个作为备用的第二路由设备 BRAS-2, 在图 1中只 示意性的画出了一个第二路由设备 BRAS-2, 在其他的应用场景中, 还可以包括作为备用的 BRAS-3、 BRAS-4等。
第一路由设备 BRAS-1 和第二路由设备 BRAS-2 上行均与 IP/MPLS核心网中的路由设备相连, 下行均与用户侧的汇聚设备 31、 汇聚设备 32或汇聚设备 33相连, 汇聚设备在本场景中为核心交换机 ( Core Switch, 简称 CSW ) , 核心交换机 CSW-31下行与对应的数 字用户线接入复用器( Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer, 简 称 DSLAM ) 41等设备相连, CSW-32下行与 DSLAM-42相连。 机顶 盒(Set Top Box, 简称 STB ) 63、 电话 Phone-62和个人计算机 PC-61 均可通过家庭网关 (Home Gateway, 简称 HG ) 51与数字用户线接 入复用器 DSLAM-41相连。 机顶盒 STB-63、 电话 Phone-62和个人计 算机 PC-61可以通过 PPPoE拨号上网进行组播频道信息的点播, 也 可以通过动态主机配置协议 ( Dynamic Host Configure Protocol, 简称 DHCP )上线进行组播频道信息的点播。
用户在通过上述用户侧的设备 (机顶盒 STB-63、 电话 Phone-62 和个人计算机 PC-61等 )进行组播频道信息的点播时, 网络侧需要对 用户进行识别和鉴权, 因此在第二路由设备 BRAS-2中需要保存组播 业务的用户信息。
如图 2所示,为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护系统的一实施例 的结构示意图。 在本实施例中用户侧组播业务主备保护系统 200 (箭 头所指向的矩形框) 包括第一路由设备 1和至少一个第二路由设备 2 (图 2 中所举是一个第二路由设备的例子) , 其中该第一路由设备 1 和至少一个第二路由设备 2均与汇聚设备 3(与图 1场景中的 CSW-31、 CSW-2或 CSW-33相对应)连接, 其中汇聚设备 3可以为图 1场景中 的 CSW-31、 CSW-2或 CSW-33等。 第一路由设备 1用于通过汇聚设 备 3实时地向至少一个第二路由设备 2同步组播业务的用户信息。 至 少一个第二路由设备 2用于在检测到第一路由设备 1由可用变为不可 用时, 选举出第二主用设备接替第一路由设备 1。
如图 3所示,为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护系统的另一实施 例的结构示意图, 在系统实施例中包括第一路由设备 1和第二路由设 备 2的实施例的具体结构。 在图 3中, 第一路由设备 1为主用设备, 可以包括用户信息同步备份模块 11 , 用来通过汇聚设备实时地向第二 路由设备 2同步组播业务的用户信息, 这样可以确保第二路由设备 2 中始终接收并保存有第一路由设备 1上运行的组播业务的用户信息, 从而在主备切换时, 第二路由设备 2能够根据组播业务的用户信息实 现用户的识别和鉴权, 并且第二路由设备 2不需要中断接入的组播业 务, 继续根据该组播业务的用户信息为该用户提供服务。 对于多个第 二路由设备 2的场景来说,同步备份的方式为 N+1备份, N为自然数。
第一路由设备 1的实时同步功能表示第一路由设备 1可以根据自 身存储的组播业务的用户信息的更新情况及时地将更新的组播业务的 用户信息同步到第二路由设备 2, 以便第二路由设备 2在第一路由设 备 1从可用变为不可用时, 能够确保不会因为用户信息的改变而导致 组播业务中断, 也能够实现用户的识别和鉴权。
在图 3中,第二路由设备 2中可以包括用户信息同步存储模块 22 和主备切换模块 21 , 其中用户信息同步存储模块 11用于存储从第一 路由设备 1实时同步的组播业务的用户信息,主备切换模块 21可以通 过现有的主备切换协议实现第一路由设备 1和第二路由设备 2之间的 故障检测以及主备切换, 例如虚拟路由冗余协议 ( Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol, 简称 VRRP )等。 在 VRRP协议中, 第一路由 设备 1通过定时发送 VRRP组播包来与至少一个第二路由设备 2通信, 以保证第二路由设备 2能够及时获知第一路由设备 1的状态, 第二路 由设备 2中包括的主备切换模块 21定期地检查是否接收到第一路由设 备 1发出的通知 (advertisement )报文, 如果未收到, 则可确定第一 路由设备 1由可用变为不可用, 这时从至少一个第二路由设备 2中选 取第二主用设备接替第一路由设备 1 , 由第二主用设备继续为用户提 供组播服务, 同时将第一路由设备 1切换为备用, 并发布免费地址解 析协议 ( Address Resolution Protocol, 简称 ARP ) , 以更新下行的汇 聚设备 3的媒体接入控制 ( Mdium Access Control, 简称 MAC )表。
在第一路由设备的另一个实施例中, 还可以包括主备回切模块, 能够在第一路由设备从不可用恢复为可用后, 第二主用设备与第一路 由设备重新进行主备协商, 如果协商结果是第一路由设备作为主用设 备, 则主备回切模块将第一路由设备切换为主用, 将第二主用设备切 换为备用, 并发布免费 ARP, 完成用户业务的回切。 为了确保业务的 连续性, 在第二路由设备的另一个实施例中, 还可以包括用户信息批 量备份模块, 能够在将第一路由设备切换为主用时, 第二主用设备将 组播业务的用户信息批量备份到第一路由设备。
上述文中提到的组播业务的用户信息指的是与接入的组播业务 相关的用户侧的信息, 举例来说, 至少包括用户的 MAC地址, 还可 以包括用户侧的组播信息, 例如: 用户的组播流量统计方式、 组播组 授权列表等。
考虑到现有的主备切换协议的切换速度,本发明还提供了一个实 现更高的切换速度的实施例, 即在第二路由设备的再一个实施例中还 可以设置双向转发测试( Bidirectional Forwarding Detect,简称 BFD ) 模块, 可以在第一路由设备和至少一个第二路由设备之间建立双向转 发检测会话( BFD session, 筒称 BFD会话) , 并检测 BFD会话是否 处于 Down的状态, 如果检测到 BFD会话处于 Down的状态, 则确定 第一路由设备由可用变为不可用。 在确定第一路由设备由可用变为不 可用时, 第二路由设备可以通过主备切换模块釆用现有的主备切换协 议(例如 VRRP协议 ) 完成主备切换。
在主备切换之后,检测建立在第一路由设备和第二主用设备之间 的 BFD会话是否处于 Up的状态, 如果检测到第一路由设备和第二主 用设备之间的所述 BFD会话处于 Up的状态, 则确定第一路由设备由 不可用恢复为可用。 在确定第一路由设备由不可用恢复为可用时, 第 二主用设备可以采用现有的主备切换协议(例如 VRRP协议)与第一 路由设备重新进行主备协商, 如果协商结果是第一路由设备作为主用 设备, 则主备回切模块将第一路由设备切换为主用, 将第二主用设备 切换为备用。
BFD协议是一种路径连通性检测协议, BFD 的目的就是提供一 个低开销、 短检测时间, 应用于邻近的转发系统间的故障检测。 作为 有效载荷, BFD包是 UDP协议封装的报文, 使用目的 UDP端口号为 2784, 可以被装载到任何适当的媒体或网络协议中。 BFD可以运行在 系统的多个层面上。 为满足快速检测的需求, BFD 草案规定发送间隔 和接收间隔单位是微秒( microsecond )。但限于目前的设备处理能力, 大部分厂商的设备配置 BFD 时只能达到毫秒级 ( millisecond ) , 在 进行内部处理时再转换到微秒。 默认定时器为 10ms, 连续检测三次失 败, 从而最快可以达到 30ms检测链路故障。 BFD状态机制是通过三 次握手方式实现的, BFD 状态机的建立和拆除都采用三次握手机制, 以确保两端系统都能知道状态的变化。
举例来说, 只需提供目的地址及其他参数就可以进行 BFD会话 的创建、 删除、 修改操作。 当 BFD会话 Up或 Down时会返回一个信 号给系统, 以便进行相应的处理。
BFD 会话有四种状态: Down、 Init、 Up、 AdminDown。 其中, Down表示会话处于 Down 状态或刚创建; Ink表示已经能够与对端 系统通信,本端希望使会话进入 Up 状态; Up表示会话已经建立成功; AdminDown表示会话处于管理性 Down 状态。
通过上面对 BFD协议的说明, 可以了解这种协议实现对第一路 由设备是否由可用变为不可用的快速检测可以达到毫秒级(例如达到 100~200ms ), BFD协议也应用于路由设备上的协议无关组播( Protocol Independent Multicast, 简称 PIM )接口的快速切换。 当检测出第一 路由设备和第二路由设备之间的 BFD会话处于 Down的状态时, PIM 接口重新选举指定路由器 (Designated Router, 简称 DR ) , 选择新 的路径转发数据。
在本实施例中, 第二路由设备的主备切换模块与 BFD模块相连, 第二路由设备的主备切换模块可以根据 BFD 模块检测到的不可用状 态进行主备切换, 由于第一路由设备的不可用状态的检测时间缩短到 了 100~200ms, 因此第一路由设备和第二路由设备之间可以实现快速 的切换, 从而保障组播业务的连续性。 由于切换时间非常短, 用户通 常无法觉察到网络的异常,而且由于组播业务的用户信息被实时备份, 因此用户也不需要重新进行上线和点播, 这不仅可以提升组播业务的 可用性和组播用户的满意度, 也可以保障运营商的经济利益。
如图 4所示,为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护方法的一实施例 的流程示意图。 本实施例基于第一路由设备和至少一个第二路由设备 均与汇聚设备连接, 第一路由设备为主用设备的网络结构, 其用户側 组播业务主备保护流程包括:
步骤 101、 第一路由设备通过汇聚设备实时地向至少一个第二路 由设备同步组播业务的用户信息;
步骤 102、 至少一个第二路由设备在检测到第一路由设备由可用 变为不可用时, 从该至少一个第二路由设备中选出第二主用设备接替 第一路由设备。
在本实施例的第一路由设备由可用变为不可用的情况可以包括 第一路由设备的链路、 接口、 单板或整机等的故障。 在步骤 102中完 成主备切换后, 第二主用设备对接收到的用户的 IGMP报文需要进行 识别, 并上送给 IGMP协议层进行处理。 由于组播业务的用户信息已 经在第二主用设备上进行过备份, 所以该用户的 IGMP report报文可 以通过用户的认证鉴权, 从而创建用户的 IGMP表项, 把组播流量引 入到第二主用设备上。
本实施例通过第一路由设备实时的向第二路由设备同步组播业 务的用户信息, 确保第二路由设备中始终保存有准确的用户信息, 这 样既可以使得网络侧能够准确的对用户进行识别和鉴权, 保证运营商 的利益, 也可以保证切换时恢复服务的快速性, 不会中断用户的组播 服务, 进而为用戶提供良好的体验。
如图 5所示,为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护方法的另一实施 例的流程示意图。 与上一实施例相比, 本实施例还包括步骤 100, 即 在用户侧配置至少两个路由设备时, 可以通过主备切换协议 (例如 VRRP协议)对配置在用户侧的至少两个路由设备进行选举, 选出一 个第一路由设备作为主用设备, 剩下的至少一个第二路由设备作为备 用, 并将第一路由设备中组播业务的用户信息批量备到该至少一个第 二路由设备。 批量备份可以比较快速的实现第二路由设备上的组播业 务的用户信息的备份, 在批量备份的基础上, 第一路由设备可以在步 骤 101中根据用户的上 /下线不断更新组播业务的用户信息, 并实时的 通知各个第二路由设备。 步骤 102与图 4中的步骤 102类似, 此处不 再赘述。
如图 6所示,为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护方法的又一实施 例的流程示意图。 与上一实施例相比, 本实施例中的步骤 102具体为 步骤 102a, 即至少一个第二路由设备定期检测是否接收到第一路由设 备发送的通知报文(例如 VRRP组播包等) , 如果未收到, 则确定第 一路由设备由可用变为不可用, 此时从至少一个第二路由设备中选出 第二主用设备, 并将第一路由设备切换为备用。
在步骤 102a之后, 举例来说, 还可以包括步骤 103a, 即在第一 路由设备从不可用恢复为可用后, 第二主用设备与第一路由设备进行 主备协商, 如果协商结果为第一路由设备作为主用设备, 则将第一路 由设备切换为主用, 并将第二主用设备切换为备用。 在将第一路由设 备切换为主用时, 第二主用设备还可以将组播业务的用户信息批量备 份到第一路由设备。
在本实施例中, 在步骤 102a 中至少一个第二路由设备检测到第 一路由设备由可用变为不可用时, 至少一个第二路由设备还可以对 PIM接口进行重新选举, 以选择新的数据转发路径。
如图 7所示,为本发明用户侧组播业务主备保护方法的再一实施 例的流程示意图。 与上一实施例中, 本实施例在步骤 102b-103b与上 一实施例相区别, 其中步骤 102b和 103b中釆用 BFD协议进行故障 检测和故障恢复检测, 具体来说:
步骤 102b、 检测建立在第一路由设备和至少一个第二路由设备 之间的 BFD会话是否处于 Down的状态, 如果检测到 BFD会话处于 Down 的状态, 则确定第一路由设备由可用变为不可用。 在确定第一 路由设备由可用变为不可用时, 第二路由设备可以通过主备切换模块 釆用现有的主备切换协议 (例如 VRRP协议 )从至少一个第二路由设 备中选出第二主用设备接替第一路由设备。
步骤 103b、 检测建立在第一路由设备和第二主用设备之间的 BFD session是否处于 Up的状态, 如果检测到建立在所述第一路由设 备和所述第二主用设备之间的 BFD session处于 Up的状态,则确定第 一路由设备从不可用恢复为可用, 第二路由设备可以采用现有的主备 切换协议(例如 VRRP协议)与第一路由设备重新进行主备协商, 如 果协商结果是第一路由设备作为主用设备, 则主备回切模块将第一路 由设备切换为主用, 将第二主用设备切换为备用。 在将第一路由设备 切换为主用时, 第二主用设备还可以将组播业务的用户信息批量备份 回第一路由设备。
在本实施例中, 利用了 BFD协议快速检测故障的特性, 使得用 户侧的第二路由设备能够及时地检测到第一路由设备由可用变为不可 用的状态, 由于检测时间缩短到了 100〜200ms, 因此切换时间也可以 得到提高, 从而保障组播业务的连续性。 由于切换时间非常短, 用户 通常无法觉察到网络的异常, 而且由于组播业务的用户信息被实时备 份, 因此用户也不需要重新进行上线和点播, 这不仅可以提升组播业 务的可用性和组播用户的满意度, 也可以保障运营商的经济利益。
在本实施例中, 在步骤 102b 中检测到建立在第一路由设备和第 二主用设备之间的 BFD会话处于 Down的状态时,至少一个第二路由 设备还可以对 PIM接口进行重新选举, 以选择新的数据转发路径。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解: 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部 分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成, 前述的程序可以存储于 一计算机可读取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 执行包括上述方法实 施例的步骤; 而前述的存储介盾包括: ROM. RAM. 磁碟或者光盘 等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而 非对其限制; 尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 所属 领域的普通技术人员应当理解: 依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进 行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换; 其均应涵盖在本发明请求 保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种路由设备, 其特征在于, 所述路由设备和至少一个第二 路由设备均与汇聚设备连接, 所述路由设备为主用设备, 所述路由设 备包括: 用户信息同步备份模块, 用于通过所述汇聚设备实时地向所 述至少一个第二路由设备同步组播业务的用户信息。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的路由设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 主 备回切模块, 用于在所述路由设备由不可用恢复为可用后, 与所述路 由设备不可用时从所述至少一个第二路由设备中选举出的第二主用设 备进行主备协商, 如果协商结果为所述路由设备作为第三主用设备, 则将所述路由设备切换为主用, 并将所述第二主用路由设备切换为备 用。
3、 一种路由设备, 其特征在于, 所述路由设备和第一路由设备 均与汇聚设备连接, 所述第一路由设备为主用设备, 所述路由设备包 括:
用户信息同步存储模块,用于存储从所述第一路由设备实时同步 的组播业务的用户信息;
主备切换模块,用于在检测到所述第一路由设备由可用变为不可 用时, 选出第二主用设备接替所述第一路由设备。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的路由设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 用 户信息批量备份模块, 用于所述第一路由设备恢复为主用设备时, 将 组播业务的用户信息批量备份到所述第一路由设备。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的路由设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 汉 向转发测试模块, 用于在所述路由设备和所述第一路由设备之间建立 双向转发检测会话, 并检测所述双向转发检测会话是否处于 Down的 状态, 如果检测到所述双向转发检测会话处于 Down的状态, 则确定 所述第一路由设备由可用变为不可用。
6、 一种用户侧组播业务主备保护系统, 其特征在于, 包括第一 路由设备和至少一个第二路由设备; 所述第一路由设备和所述至少一 个第二路由设备均与汇聚设备连接; 所述第一路由设备用于通过所述 汇聚设备实时地向所述至少一个第二路由设备同步组播业务的用户信 息; 所述至少一个第二路由设备用于在检测到所述第一路由设备由可 用变为不可用时, 选举出第二主用设备接替所述第一路由设备。
7、 一种用户侧组播业务主备保护方法, 其特征在于, 第一路由 设备和至少一个第二路由设备均与汇聚设备连接, 所述第一路由设备 为主用设备, 所述方法包括:
所述第一路由设备通过所述汇聚设备实时地向所述至少一个第 二路由设备同步组播业务的用户信息;
所述至少一个第二路由设备在检测到所述第一路由设备由可用 变为不可用时, 从所述至少一个第二路由设备中选出第二主用设备接 替所述第一路由设备。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 在配置至少两个路由设备时,对配置在用户侧的至少两个路由设 备进行选举, 选出一个作为主用设备的第一路由设备, 剩下的至少一 个第二路由设备作为备用, 并将所述第一路由设备中组播业务的用户 信息批量备份到所述至少一个第二路由设备。
9、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 在所述第一路由设备从不可用恢复为可用后,所述第二主用设备 与所述第一路由设备进行主备协商, 如果协商结果为所述第一路由设 备作为主用设备, 则将所述第一路由设备切换为主用, 并将所述第二 主用设备切换为备用。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 在将所 述第一路由设备切换为主用时, 所述第二主用设备将组播业务的用户 信息批量备份到所述第一路由设备。
11、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 所述至少一个第二路由设备定期检测是否接收到所述第一路由 设备发送的通知报文, 如果未收到, 则确定所述第一路由设备由可用 变为不可用。
12、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 检测建立在所述第一路由设备和所述至少一个第二路由设备之 间的双向转发检测会话是否处于 Down的状态, 如果检测到所述双向 转发检测会话处于 Down的状态, 则确定所述第一路由设备由可用变 为不可用。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 检测建立在所述第一路由设备和所述第二主用设备之间的双向 转发检测会话是否处于 Up的状态, 如果检测到建立在所述第一路由 设备和所述第二主用设备之间的双向转发检测会话处于 Up的状态, 则确定所述第一路由设备由不可用恢复为可用。
14、 根据权利要求 12所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 在判 断所述第一路由设备由可用变为不可用时, 所述至少一个第二路由设 备对协议无关组播接口进行重新选举, 选择新的数据转发路径。
15、 根据权利要求 7-14任一所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述组播 业务的用户信息包括用户的媒体接入控制 MAC地址。
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CN101651553B (zh) 2013-02-27
BR112012008313A2 (pt) 2016-03-22
JP2013500651A (ja) 2013-01-07
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EP2442475A4 (en) 2012-09-19

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