WO2011026176A1 - Marqueur tactile - Google Patents
Marqueur tactile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011026176A1 WO2011026176A1 PCT/AU2010/001124 AU2010001124W WO2011026176A1 WO 2011026176 A1 WO2011026176 A1 WO 2011026176A1 AU 2010001124 W AU2010001124 W AU 2010001124W WO 2011026176 A1 WO2011026176 A1 WO 2011026176A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tactile
- head portion
- recess
- marker
- walkway
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
- A61H3/06—Walking aids for blind persons
- A61H3/066—Installations on the floor, e.g. special surfaces, to guide blind persons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/08—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
- F16B13/0875—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with elastic discs or spring washers anchoring in the hole
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B2013/006—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with sealing means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tactile marker.
- Tactile markers may be positioned on walkway surfaces so as to assist pedestrians in identifying transitions, for example at pedestrian lights, at the foot or head of an escalator or stairway, and along the edge of a railway platform.
- Tactile markers are commonly formed from metal or plastics materials.
- a tactile surface of such markers being a surface that pedestrians interact with for example by walking on, will therefore often have a relatively smooth surface. It is however desirable to provide a tactile surface that is not overly smooth so as to reduce the occurrence of pedestrian slippage as they walk on the tactile marker.
- Some tactile markers are formed from metal and a non-slip sticker is then applied to the tactile surface. Applying the sticker is labour intensive and relatively expensive and the bonding of the sticker to the marker is often unsatisfactory.
- a tactile marker comprising:
- a head portion arranged to sit on a walkway surface; the head portion having a tactile surface and comprising a first material that has a recess at the tactile surface, the head portion further comprising a second material disposed in the recess and the second material comprising a frictional component forming at least a portion of the tactile surface; and
- a depending stem arranged to be located as a press fit within a hole in the walkway, the depending stem comprising at least one barb having a generally annular land and a generally conical portion and further
- the sealing ring typically is
- the sealing ring and the dependent step typically are integrally formed .
- the barb typically is one of a plurality of barbs, such as 3 - 6 barbs .
- One barb typically is positioned between the sealing ring and the head portion.
- the sealing ring may also be
- the sealing ring (and also the barbs) may have a diameter that slightly exceeds a
- the sealing ring typically is shaped such that the sealing ring bends slightly upwards when the sealing ring is positioned into the hole in the walkway.
- the barbs have conical portions and typically are more solid than the sealing ring. Consequently, the barbs may predominantly shave along a wall of the hole when the stem is inserted into the hole and typically bend less than the sealing ring or do not bend at all.
- the upwardly bent sealing ring contributes to sealing the hole and reduces likelihood that damaging water penetrates into the hole.
- the tactile marker typically is convenient to manufacture, for example using a moulding process, and provides a tactile surface that may reduce slippage.
- the recess typically allows a relatively strong bond to be formed between the frictional component and the head portion, which makes the frictional component less prone to being removed from wear.
- the stem and head portions comprise the first material and are formed by injection moulding.
- the second material typically comprises a bonding component that couples the frictional component to the head portion.
- the bonding component of the second material may be disposed such that the bonding component is between the frictional component and the head portion.
- the frictional component may be dispersed within the bonding component wherein and a portion of the frictional component is exposed at the tactile surface.
- frictional component may cover the entire tactile surface.
- the second material is the
- the first material may comprise a polymeric material such as a thermosetting polymeric material that is suitable for injection moulding.
- the bonding component may comprise an adhesive.
- the adhesive may be any suitable polymeric material such as polyurethane .
- the adhesive may be a two-part polyurethane adhesive.
- the frictional component may comprise a granular material and at least some of the grains may be exposed at the tactile surface.
- the size of the granular material may be any appropriate size.
- the granular material may have a grain size in the range of 1mm to 0.01mm, 0.5mm to 0.025mm or 0.1mm to 0.05mm.
- the frictional component comprises silicon carbide, but may alternatively comprise any other suitable component.
- the recess may comprise at least one recession below a surface of the recess and/or a projection.
- the at least one recession and/or projection may have a substantially dovetailed cross sectional shape.
- the at least one recession typically provides the
- stem and the head portion may also be formed from other materials, such as a
- a tactile marker comprising:
- the head portion being arranged to sit on a walkway surface, the depending stem being arranged to be located as a press fit within a hole in the walkway, the head portion having a tactile surface, the head portion and head portions comprising a first material and having a recess in the head portion at the tactile surface;
- the second material comprising a frictional component forming at least a portion of the tactile surface.
- the stem and the head portion are formed by injection moulded.
- the step of forming the head portion typically comprises forming at least one recession below a surface of the recess and/or a projection in the recess.
- the at least one recession may be formed so as to have a substantially dovetailed cross sectional shape.
- Disposing the second material in the recess may comprise disposing a liquid second material into the head portion, coupling the frictional component to the head portion via the liquid second material, and hardening the liquid second material. Disposing the second material in the recess may also comprise dispersing the frictional
- disposing the second material in the recess may comprise poring a liquid second material into the recess and into at least one recession below the recess.
- the first material may comprise a polymeric material such as a thermosetting polymeric material that is suitable for injection moulding.
- the first material comprises polyurethane , but may alternatively comprise any other polymeric material that is suitable for injection moulding.
- Coupling the frictional component to the head portion may comprise adhering the frictional component to the head portion via the bonding component .
- the bonding component may be an adhesive.
- the adhesive may be any suitable polymeric material such as polyurethane.
- the adhesive may be a two-part polyurethane adhesive .
- the frictional component may comprise a granular material.
- the granular material may have any appropriate grain size so as to achieve a frictional resistance of the tactile surface.
- the granular material may have a grain size in the range of 1mm to 0.01mm, 0.5mm to 0.025mm or 0.1mm to 0.05mm.
- the bonding component may be an adhesive.
- the adhesive may be any suitable polymeric material such as polyurethane.
- the adhesive may be a two-part polyurethane adhesive .
- the frictional component may comprise a granular material.
- the granular material may have any appropriate grain size so as to achieve a frictional resistance of the tactile surface.
- frictional component comprises any one of silicon carbide, but may alternatively comprise any other suitable
- a tactile marker comprising:
- a head portion arranged to sit on a walkway surface and having a tactile surface, the head portion comprising a first material and having a recess in the first material at the tactile surface, the head portion further
- a depending stem arranged to be located as a press fit within a hole in the walkway, the depending stem comprising barbs, each barb having a generally annular land and a generally conical portion.
- the present invention provides in a fourth aspect a tactile marker comprising:
- a head portion arranged to sit on a walkway surface
- a depending stem arranged to be located as a press fit within a hole in the walkway, the depending stem comprising at least one barb having a generally annular land and a generally conical portion, the depending stem further comprising at least one sealing ring integrally formed with other portions of the depending stems and arranged to seal the hole in the walkway when the
- Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a tactile marker in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 shows a side view of the tactile marker of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 shows a front elevation view of a head portion of a tactile marker in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention and illustrating a recess of the head portion;
- Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the tactile marker of Figure 1 having a second material disposed in the recess;
- Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the tactile marker of Figure 1 having a second material comprising a frictional component disposed in the recess;
- Figure 6 shows a flow chart outlining a method of forming the tactile marker of Figure 5.
- Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a tactile marker comprising a head portion and a depending stem for positioning in a hole drilled into a walkway, such as a walkway composed of asphalt.
- the tactile marker has a head portion that has a tactile surface.
- the stem and head portions comprise a first material and the head portion has a recess at a tactile surface.
- the head portion further comprises a second material that is disposed in the recess and the second material comprises a frictional component that forms at least a portion of the tactile surface.
- the tactile marker also comprises a sealing ring at the stem and that is arranged to seal the hole in the walkway.
- the tactile marker 10 comprising a generally frusto-conical head portion 12 having a beveled surround 14 that extends to a marginal rim 16 and an integrally moulded stem 18 projecting downwardly from an underside of the head portion 12.
- the head portion 12 comprises a recess 20 which is filled with the second material that comprises a frictional component (the second material will be
- the head portion 12 and the stem 18 are formed from a suitable thermosetting polymeric material such as polyurethane . It will be appreciated however that the head portion 12 and the stem 18 may be formed from any appropriate material.
- the head portion 12 is arranged to sit on the walkway surface such that the underside of the head portion 12 is substantially flush with the walkway surface and with the depending stem 18 located as a press fit within the drilled hole in the walkway.
- the stem 18 is formed along its length with five axially spaced barbs 22, the lowermost one of which comprises a generally conical end portion of the stem 18.
- the tactile marker also comprises a sealing ring 19 that is integrally formed with the stem 18.
- the sealing ring 19 comprises parallel upper and lower lands 21 and 23, respectively.
- the sealing ring 19 is annular and the diameter of a hole in which the stem 18 in use is
- the sealing ring 19 slightly bends upwards when the stem 18 is positioned into the hole in the walkway and thereby seals the hole.
- sealing ring 19 is positioned below two barbs 22 and above three barbs 22. It is to be
- the sealing ring 19 may not necessarily be positioned at a different height level of the stem 18.
- one or three of the barbs 22 may be positioned above the sealing ring 19 and between the sealing ring 19 and the head portion 12.
- Each of the barbs 22 comprises a generally annular land 34 having an outer periphery margin 36 and, formed integrally with the land 34, a generally conical portion 38.
- the conical portion 38 associated with each of the lands 34 is, as shown, located below the land 34 and has a major diameter that is the same as (or approximately equal to) that of the land 34, and the conical portion 38 has a cross-section that reduces in diameter in a direction away from the head portion 12.
- Figure 3 shows a cross sectional view of the head portion 12 revealing the recess 20 having a plurality of dovetail shaped recessions 42.
- the recessions 42 may have any appropriate shape and orientation and typically are shaped to facilitate bonding a material, such as a polymeric material to the head portion 12.
- Figure 4 shows a variation of the tactile marker 40, which in this example does not comprise the sealing ring 19.
- An adhesive 44 has been pored into the recess 20 and the recessions 42.
- the liquid adhesive is arranged to harden and then provides a relatively strong bond. The bonding strength is facilitated by the anchoring function of the recessions 42.
- the adhesive is a two-part polyurethane adhesive.
- the adhesive may be any suitable adhesive.
- Figure 5 shows the tactile marker 40 after the frictional component 46 has been applied to the adhesive 44 so as to form at least a part of a tactile surface 48.
- the frictional component 46 is in this example a granular material .
- the granular material may have any appropriate grain size so as to achieve a frictional resistance of the tactile surf ce.
- the granular material may have a grain size in the range of 1mm to 0.01mm, 0.5mm to 0.025mm or 0.1mm to 0.05mm.
- the frictional component 46 comprises silicon carbide having a grain size in the range of 0.5mm to 0.025mm. Grains of the frictional component 46 are exposed at the tactile surface 48.
- the adhesive 44 is disposed between the frictional
- the frictional component 46 is substantially covered by the frictional component 46.
- the frictional component 46 may be arranged at the tactile surface 48 such that a substantial amount of the adhesive 44 is present at the tactile surface 48.
- the frictional component 46 may be arranged at the tactile surface 48 such that a substantial amount of the adhesive 44 is present at the tactile surface 48.
- frictional component 46 is dispersed in the adhesive 44 wherein at least a portion of the frictional component is exposed at the tactile surface 48.
- the tactile markers 10 and 40 therefore are convenient to manufacture and provide a tactile surface for substantially reducing slippage when the marker is in use walked on by pedestrians.
- the barbs 22 and the sealing ring 19 may have an outside diameter of 9.5 mm and the depending stem 18 will in use be pressed or otherwise forced into a drilled hole having a diameter within the range 8.0 to 8.5 mm.
- the depending stem 18 when, in use, the depending stem 18 is pressed into the hole will cause a tensile stress to be induced and the stem 18 will be held captive against longitudinal displacement from the hole by the barbs 22 and the sealing ring 19.
- the stem 18 will be held captive against rotation within the hole by the splines 32 and the sealing ring 19 will seal the hole, which reduces likelihood that water penetrates into the hole.
- the splined region of the stem has the same effective diameter as the barbs 22 and the sealing ring 19 and, thus, also engages with an interference fit in the hole.
- an adhesive may in some circumstances be
- the land 34 of each of the barbs 22 is formed with two diametrically disposed flat chordal regions 40, and the chordal regions 40 are displaced by substantially 90° on successive adjacent barbs 22.
- FIG. 6 there is illustrated a method 50 of manufacturing a tactile marker, such as the tactile marker 10 or 40.
- the method comprises moulding the head portion and
- step 52 This step typically comprises injection moulding.
- the stem and head portion of the tactile marker 10 or 40 are integrally from the same material, such as polyurethane , which can assist in convenient manufacturing.
- the step of disposing 54 the second material in the recess may further comprise coupling the frictional component to the head portion using a bonding component.
- the step of disposing 54 may be done as part of a
- Coupling the frictional component to the head portion comprises in this example disposing the bonding component such that the bonding component is between the frictional material and the head portion.
- coupling the frictional component to the head portion may comprise dispersing the frictional material within the bonding component such that at least a portion of the frictional material is exposed at the tactile surface .
- the bonding component is an adhesive
- coupling the frictional component to the head portion comprises adhering the frictional component to the head portion.
- Adhering the frictional component to the head portion using the bonding component may comprise disposing the bonding component in the recess in a liquid form and disposing the frictional component onto the bonding component prior to the bonding component hardening .
- forming the head portion comprises forming at least one recession and/or projection in the recess wherein the at least one recession and/or
- projection in the recess is formed so as to have a
- the recess has a circular shape when viewed from the top.
- the recess may have any desired shape such as an annular shape.
- the stem and head portion are described as being formed by injection moulding, it will be appreciated that the stem and head portion may be formed from a metallic material, or any other suitable material.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10813157.4A EP2473679A4 (fr) | 2009-09-02 | 2010-09-01 | Marqueur tactile |
AU2010291861A AU2010291861A1 (en) | 2009-09-02 | 2010-09-01 | A tactile marker |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2009904173A AU2009904173A0 (en) | 2009-09-02 | A tactile marker | |
AU2009100877A AU2009100877B4 (en) | 2009-09-02 | 2009-09-02 | A tactile marker |
AU2009904173 | 2009-09-02 | ||
AU2009100877 | 2009-09-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011026176A1 true WO2011026176A1 (fr) | 2011-03-10 |
Family
ID=41319944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2010/001124 WO2011026176A1 (fr) | 2009-09-02 | 2010-09-01 | Marqueur tactile |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2473679A4 (fr) |
AU (2) | AU2009100877B4 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011026176A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104294775A (zh) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | Dtac有限公司 | 触觉表面指示器 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011135499A1 (fr) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-03 | Van Der Westhuizen Noeel Etiene | Plot de marquage routier |
GB2484541A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-18 | Tactile & Anti Slip Systems & Services Ltd | Shaftless stud for tactile paving |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2338501A (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-12-22 | Gregory John Carter | A tactile stud |
AU2006101003A4 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2007-01-04 | Eigen Technology Pty Ltd | Tactile Ground Surface Indicator |
AU2007101236A4 (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2008-07-31 | Cta Australia Pty Ltd | Tactile Ground Surface Indicator |
WO2009108998A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-11 | Austact Pty Ltd | Marqueur tactile |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB450151A (en) * | 1935-01-05 | 1936-07-06 | George Edward Bowser | Improvements in or relating to uniting rubber and other pliable material with relatively rigid material |
DE1928043U (de) * | 1965-09-04 | 1965-12-02 | Benzing Spritz U Presswerk | Markierungsnagel aus kunststoff. |
DE7822905U1 (de) * | 1978-07-31 | 1978-11-09 | G. Goseberg & Co Gmbh, 5990 Altena | Strassenmarkierungsnagel |
DE29911969U1 (de) * | 1999-07-09 | 1999-11-18 | Fischer, Walter, 49328 Melle | Verbindungselement in Form eines Dübels zur unsichtbaren Verbindung von Teilen, insbesondere flächigen Teilen bei Möbeln |
JP2002088725A (ja) * | 2000-09-13 | 2002-03-27 | Shikoku:Kk | 点字鋲 |
JP2008297827A (ja) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Kaihatsu Giken Kk | 点字鋲 |
-
2009
- 2009-09-02 AU AU2009100877A patent/AU2009100877B4/en not_active Ceased
-
2010
- 2010-09-01 AU AU2010291861A patent/AU2010291861A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-09-01 EP EP10813157.4A patent/EP2473679A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-09-01 WO PCT/AU2010/001124 patent/WO2011026176A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2338501A (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-12-22 | Gregory John Carter | A tactile stud |
AU2006101003A4 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2007-01-04 | Eigen Technology Pty Ltd | Tactile Ground Surface Indicator |
AU2007101236A4 (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2008-07-31 | Cta Australia Pty Ltd | Tactile Ground Surface Indicator |
WO2009108998A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-11 | Austact Pty Ltd | Marqueur tactile |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2473679A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104294775A (zh) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | Dtac有限公司 | 触觉表面指示器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2009100877B4 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
AU2009100877A4 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
EP2473679A4 (fr) | 2015-05-27 |
AU2010291861A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
EP2473679A1 (fr) | 2012-07-11 |
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