WO2011021513A1 - 潤滑油基油の製造方法 - Google Patents
潤滑油基油の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011021513A1 WO2011021513A1 PCT/JP2010/063357 JP2010063357W WO2011021513A1 WO 2011021513 A1 WO2011021513 A1 WO 2011021513A1 JP 2010063357 W JP2010063357 W JP 2010063357W WO 2011021513 A1 WO2011021513 A1 WO 2011021513A1
- Authority
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- catalyst
- base oil
- lubricating base
- mass
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- YFVXLROHJBSEDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 YFVXLROHJBSEDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101000823778 Homo sapiens Y-box-binding protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JQOREDBDOLZSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis(2,2-dioxo-1,3,2,4-dioxathialumetan-4-yl) sulfate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JQOREDBDOLZSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHDPTDWLEKQKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt molybdenum Chemical compound [Co].[Co].[Mo] WHDPTDWLEKQKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel tungsten Chemical compound [Ni].[W] MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polycyclic aromatic compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010723 turbine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
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- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
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- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
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- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
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- B01J23/888—Tungsten
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a lubricating base oil.
- a dewaxing technique for converting a wax component in a hydrocarbon oil into a non-wax component for example, a hydrocarbon oil is subjected to hydrogenation-dehydrogenation ability and isomerization ability in the presence of molecular hydrogen.
- Catalytic dewaxing technology is known in which a normal paraffin in a hydrocarbon oil is isomerized to an isoparaffin by contacting with a hydroisomerization dewaxing catalyst having both.
- catalytic dewaxing is effective as a method for improving the low-temperature fluidity of hydrocarbon oil, it is necessary to sufficiently increase the conversion rate of normal paraffin in order to obtain a fraction suitable for a base oil for lubricating oil.
- hydroisomerization catalysts used in catalytic dewaxing have both isomerization ability and hydrocarbon resolution, hydrocarbon oils are increasingly decomposed and lightened as normal paraffin conversion increases. Thus, it is difficult to obtain a desired fraction with a high yield.
- many synthetic base oils were used.
- Patent Document 1 has medium-sized one-dimensional pores such as ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZSM-48 and the like containing metals such as Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table, and crystallites.
- a dewaxed lubricating oil obtained by contacting a linear or slightly branched hydrocarbon feedstock having 10 or more carbon atoms with a catalyst comprising a molecular sieve whose size does not exceed about 0.5 ⁇ under isomerization conditions Has disclosed a process for producing a lip (Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to stably obtain a high quality lubricating base oil in a high yield from a raw material oil containing normal paraffin.
- An object is to provide a manufacturing method.
- the present invention includes a first step of obtaining a first product oil by bringing a raw material oil containing a normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms into contact with a first catalyst in the presence of molecular hydrogen, A second step of bringing the first product oil and the second catalyst into contact with each other in the presence of hydrogen to obtain a second product oil, wherein the first catalyst is used in the evaluation of ammonia desorption temperature dependence. desorption of the fraction of the NH 3 and the first carrier is 80-90%, group VI of the periodic table supported on said first support at 300 ⁇ 800 ° C.
- the method for producing a lubricating base oil according to the present invention it is possible to stably obtain a high quality lubricating base oil in a high yield from a raw material oil containing a normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms. More specifically, in the conventional method for producing a lubricating base oil, there is a problem that if the conversion rate of normal paraffin is made sufficiently high, the yield decreases due to the simultaneous hydrocracking reaction of normal paraffin. Moreover, if it is going to suppress hydrocracking reaction, the conversion rate of normal paraffin will fall. If the conversion rate of normal paraffins decreases, it becomes necessary to remove excess normal paraffins in the subsequent dewaxing step, resulting in a decrease in yield.
- the method for producing a lubricating base oil according to the present invention hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation are carried out while suppressing the hydrocracking reaction for the raw oil containing normal paraffins having 20 or more carbon atoms. And hydroisomerization can proceed efficiently.
- the total content of each paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms is about the same as that of the raw material oil, the contents of sulfur and nitrogen are sufficiently reduced, and the carbon number is 20 Most of the above normal paraffins are converted to isomerized paraffins having 20 or more carbon atoms.
- the content of the light paraffin having a carbon number of less than 20 is 0 to 10% by mass
- the first product oil is an isomerized paraffin having a carbon number of 20 or more. It is preferable to perform the first step so that the content ratio is 70% by mass or more, the sulfur content is 10 mass ppm or less, and the nitrogen content is 3 mass ppm or less. According to such a manufacturing method, the above-described effect is more remarkably exhibited.
- the first catalyst preferably contains molybdenum and / or tungsten as the first metal, and preferably contains cobalt and / or nickel as the second metal. According to such a catalyst, the hydrocracking reaction accompanying hydroisomerization can be further suppressed.
- the first catalyst further contains phosphorus supported on the first carrier, and the content ratio of the phosphorus in terms of oxide in the first catalyst is 0.1 to 8% by mass. It is preferable. Such a catalyst tends to further improve the catalytic activity.
- the first catalyst has an average pore radius of 40 to 200 mm, and the total pore volume of pores having a pore radius of less than 40 mm is 0.1 to 5% of the total pore volume.
- the total pore volume of pores having a pore radius larger than 200 mm is preferably 0.1 to 5% of the total pore volume. According to such a catalyst, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydroisomerization can proceed more efficiently.
- the first carrier is preferably a carrier containing a composite oxide of alumina, silica and zirconia.
- the first catalyst can further suppress the hydrocracking reaction accompanying hydroisomerization and surely has mechanical strength that can withstand commercial use. It becomes.
- part or all of the normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms is isomerized to isoparaffin.
- the above raw oils are slack wax, dewaxed oil, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, petratum, Fischer-Tropsch wax, vacuum gas oil, vacuum gas oil hydrocracked oil, atmospheric residue hydrocracked oil and vacuum residue hydrocracked oil. It is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of oils.
- Such a feedstock can be stably obtained with good economic efficiency.
- the first step is preferably performed so that the conversion rate of normal paraffin represented by the following formula (3) is 70% or more.
- the conversion rate of normal paraffin represented by the following formula (3) is 70% or more.
- a high-quality lubricating base oil can be obtained in a higher yield.
- Normal paraffin conversion (%) [1- (total mass of normal paraffins having 20 or more carbon atoms in the first product oil) / (total mass of normal paraffins having 20 or more carbon atoms in the above-mentioned feed oil) ] ⁇ 100 (3)
- the second step may be performed so that the content ratio of the normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms in the second product oil is 5% by mass or less. preferable. According to such a production method, a high-quality lubricating base oil can be obtained in a higher yield.
- the second catalyst is a hydroisomerization catalyst containing a second support and an active metal supported on the second support, and the second support has a pore diameter in a one-dimensional 10-membered ring. It contains zeolite and at least one porous inorganic oxide selected from alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, magnesia and boria, and the active metal is preferably platinum and / or palladium. According to such a catalyst, since hydroisomerization proceeds more efficiently, a high-quality lubricating base oil can be obtained in a higher yield.
- the second step is preferably performed so that the conversion rate of normal paraffin represented by the following formula (4) is 95% or more. According to such a production method, a high-quality lubricating base oil can be obtained in a higher yield.
- Normal paraffin conversion (%) [1 ⁇ (total mass of normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms in the second product oil) / (normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms in the first product oil) Total mass)] ⁇ 100 (4)
- the second product oil may be further hydrorefined.
- the second product oil is hydroisomerized while suppressing the hydrocracking reaction. Therefore, the hydrorefining may be milder than the conventional hydrorefining conditions, and the decrease in yield due to the hydrocracking reaction accompanying the hydrotreating can be suppressed.
- the boiling point is 340 to 410 ° C.
- the viscosity index is 105 or more
- the pour point is ⁇ 25 ° C. or less
- the sulfur is passed through the first step and the second step.
- SAE 20 lubricating base oil having a boiling point of 450 to 520 ° C., a viscosity index of 130 or more, a pour point of ⁇ 12.5 ° C. or less, and a sulfur content of 5 mass ppm or less, and a boiling point of 510 to 550 ° C. and a viscosity It is preferable to obtain at least one lubricating base oil selected from the group consisting of SAE30 lubricating base oils having an index of 130 or more, a pour point of ⁇ 10 ° C. or less, and a sulfur content of 5 mass ppm or less. These lubricating base oils have practically sufficient performance, and according to the production method of the present invention, even such a high quality lubricating base oil can be obtained in a high yield. .
- the present invention it is possible to provide a method for producing a lubricating base oil that makes it possible to stably obtain a high quality lubricating base oil in a high yield from a raw material oil containing normal paraffin.
- the first catalyst includes a first carrier in which a fraction of the NH 3 desorption amount at 300 to 800 ° C. with respect to the total NH 3 desorption amount in the evaluation of ammonia desorption temperature dependency is 80 to 90%, A first metal which is at least one selected from metals belonging to Group 6 of the periodic table supported on the carrier, and at least one selected from metals belonging to Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table supported on the first carrier. A second metal that is a seed.
- the sum C 1 of the content ratio C 1 (mass%) in terms of oxide of the first metal in the first catalyst and the content ratio C 2 (mass%) in terms of oxide of the second metal. + C 2 is 22 to 36% by mass, and the ratio D 1 / D 2 of the content D 2 (mol) of the second metal to the content D 1 (mol) of the first metal in the first catalyst is 1.07 to 7.78.
- the first step sulfur and nitrogen in the feed oil are removed, and a part of the normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms is isomerized to isoparaffin.
- hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydroisomerization can proceed efficiently while suppressing hydrocracking of normal paraffins. That is, according to the first step, the total content of each paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms is about the same as that of the raw material oil, the contents of sulfur and nitrogen are sufficiently reduced, and 20 or more carbon atoms.
- a product oil in which most of the normal paraffins are converted to isomerized paraffins having 20 or more carbon atoms can be obtained, and a high-quality lubricating base oil can be obtained from such a product oil in a high yield.
- “high quality” means that the environmental impact is small because the sulfur content is low, and that excellent fuel efficiency can be achieved by excellent low temperature performance.
- the first step and the second step of hydrodewaxing are performed, and if necessary, further steps such as hydrorefining and fractional distillation are provided. It may be.
- normal paraffin is sufficiently isomerized while the hydrocracking reaction of the first product oil is suppressed, so that conditions such as conventional hydrodewaxing, hydrorefining, fractional distillation, etc.
- a sufficiently high quality lubricating base oil can be obtained under mild conditions. Therefore, a high quality lubricating base oil can be obtained with a high yield.
- Raw oils include slack wax, dewaxed oil, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, petram, Fischer-Tropsch wax, vacuum gas oil, vacuum gas oil hydrocracked oil, atmospheric residue hydrocracked oil and vacuum residue hydrocracked oil At least one selected from the group consisting of oils can be suitably used. Such a feedstock can be stably obtained with good economic efficiency.
- the first catalyst used in the first step is a first carrier and a first metal which is at least one selected from metals belonging to Group 6 of the periodic table supported on the first carrier;
- the active material contains at least one second metal selected from metals belonging to Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table carried on the first carrier.
- the first catalyst may further contain a metal in addition to the first metal and the second metal. Note that the first metal and the second metal are preferably supported on the first carrier as oxides.
- the first carrier preferably has a solid acid properties, desorption of the fraction of the NH 3 in 300 ⁇ 800 ° C. for all desorption of NH 3 in advance ammonia desorption temperature dependence evaluation 80-90% From the viewpoint of further improving the yield of the lubricating base oil, 81% to 89.5% is more preferable.
- NH 3 desorption temperature dependency evaluation refers to literatures (Sawa M., Niwa M., Murakami Y., Zeolites 1990, 10, 532, Karge HG, Dondur V., J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 765, etc.) and is performed as follows. First, the carrier is pretreated at a temperature of 400 ° C. or higher for 30 minutes or more under a nitrogen stream to remove adsorbed molecules, and then adsorbs NH 3 at 100 ° C. until saturation. Then, the carrier 10 ° C. up to 100 ⁇ 800 ° C. / min was heated by the following heating rate desorbed NH 3, to monitor the NH 3 separated at every predetermined temperature by desorption. Then, the fraction of the NH 3 desorption amount at 300 ° C. to 800 ° C. with respect to the total NH 3 desorption amount (desorption amount at 100 to 800 ° C.) is obtained.
- the first carrier is preferably an amorphous carrier containing a composite oxide of alumina, silica and zirconia.
- the catalyst containing such a support can further suppress the hydrocracking reaction accompanying hydroisomerization and has a mechanical strength that can withstand commercial use.
- the content of the first metal in terms of oxide relative to the total amount of the first catalyst is C 1 (mass%), and the content of the second metal in terms of oxide is C 2 (mass).
- C 1 + C 2 is 22 to 36% by mass, from the viewpoint of further suppressing the hydrogenolysis reaction, it is preferably 24 to 33% by mass, and 25 to 30% by mass. It is more preferable.
- C 1 weight%) is a value obtained by the following formula (1)
- C 2 wt%) is a value determined by the following formula (2).
- the “content in terms of oxide of the first metal in the first catalyst” is the same amount of the first metal as the content (mole) of the first metal in the first catalyst.
- the mass of the oxide is shown. That is, when the content of the first metal is X mol, the mass corresponding to X mol of the first metal oxide is shown.
- the content mass of the second metal in the first catalyst in terms of oxide means the second metal in the same molar amount as the content (mole) of the second metal in the first catalyst. The mass of the oxide is shown.
- the first catalyst has a ratio D 1 / D 2 of the second metal content D 2 (mol) to the second metal content D 1 (mol) of 1.07 to 7.78. From the viewpoint of further suppressing the hydrocracking reaction, it is preferably 2.08 or more, more preferably 2.25 or more, and preferably 6.75 or less, more preferably 5.71 or less. .
- the first catalyst preferably contains molybdenum and / or tungsten as the first metal, and preferably contains cobalt and / or nickel as the second metal. According to such a catalyst, the hydrocracking reaction accompanying hydroisomerization can be further suppressed.
- the first catalyst has a mean pore radius of 40 to 200 mm, more preferably 60 to 150 mm, determined by the BET method based on the nitrogen adsorption method.
- the average pore radius is less than 40 mm, the reaction molecules (for example, normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms, sulfur content, nitrogen content, etc.) are not sufficiently diffused in the pores, and the catalytic activity may be lowered. is there.
- the average pore radius is larger than 200 mm, the surface area of the catalyst is reduced, and the catalytic activity tends to be lowered.
- the total pore volume of pores having a pore radius of less than 40 mm is preferably 0.1 to 5%, more preferably 0.1 to 3% of the total pore volume. More preferred.
- the ease of diffusion of the reaction molecules in pores having a pore radius of less than 40 mm is inferior to pores larger than this, but the contribution to the desulfurization reaction cannot be ignored. There is a concern that the activity will be reduced. On the other hand, if it is larger than 5%, there is a concern that the activity may be lowered due to the influence of diffusion.
- the total pore volume of pores having a pore radius larger than 200 mm is preferably 0.1 to 5%, more preferably 0.1 to 4% of the total pore volume. preferable.
- the pores in this region are considered to be important pores that determine the degree of reaction molecules reaching the reaction active site. If this is less than 0.1%, the reaction molecules may not diffuse sufficiently and the activity may decrease, and if it exceeds 5%, the surface area of the catalyst itself will decrease and the activity will decrease. . According to such a catalyst, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydroisomerization can proceed more efficiently.
- the method of supporting the first metal and the second metal on the carrier is not particularly limited, and a known method that is usually applied when producing a catalyst can be used.
- a method of impregnating a support with a solution containing a salt of the first metal and the second metal is preferably employed.
- an equilibrium adsorption method, a pore-filling method, an incident-wetness method, and the like are preferably employed.
- the pore-filling method is a method in which the pore volume of the support is measured in advance and impregnated with the same volume of the metal salt solution, but the impregnation method is not particularly limited, and the amount of metal supported Depending on the physical properties of the carrier and the carrier, it can be impregnated by an appropriate method.
- the content of the light paraffin having less than 20 carbon atoms is 0 to 10% by mass and the content of the isomerized paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms is 70% by mass or more.
- the sulfur content is preferably 10 mass ppm or less, and the nitrogen content is preferably 3 mass ppm or less. According to such a product oil, a lubricating base oil can be obtained with a higher yield.
- the sulfur content and the nitrogen content of the first product oil are sufficiently reduced, so that the activity of the second catalyst (hydrodewaxing catalyst) is increased. Thus, hydrodewaxing proceeds efficiently.
- the normal paraffin conversion represented by the following formula (3) is preferably 70% or more.
- Normal paraffin conversion (%) [1- (total mass of normal paraffins having 20 or more carbon atoms in the first product oil) / (total mass of normal paraffins having 20 or more carbon atoms in the raw oil)] ⁇ 100 (3)
- the contact conditions of the raw material oil and the first catalyst in the first step are, for example, a hydrogen partial pressure of 3 to 20 MPa, a catalyst layer average reaction temperature of 250 to 450 ° C., LHSV 0.5 to 5.0 h ⁇ 1 , hydrogen / oil
- the ratio is preferably 1000 to 8000 scf / b. According to such conditions, the suitable first product oil described above can be easily obtained.
- the contact conditions are particularly suitable when the raw material oil contains a normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms, a sulfur content of 500 mass ppm or more, and a nitrogen content of 10 mass ppm or more.
- a lubricant base oil is obtained through further steps such as hydrodewaxing, solvent dewaxing, hydrorefining, fractional distillation, etc. as necessary.
- the first product oil may be further subjected to hydrogenation from the viewpoint of obtaining a higher quality lubricating base oil.
- the first product oil is hydroisomerized while suppressing the hydrocracking reaction. Therefore, the hydrogenation treatment may be milder than the conventional hydrogenation treatment, and the yield reduction due to the hydrocracking reaction accompanying the hydrogenation treatment can be suppressed.
- the hydrogenation process may be one stage or multistage.
- Examples of the hydrotreatment include hydrodewaxing, hydrorefining, and the like, and by combining them as necessary, a lubricating base oil having desired properties can be obtained.
- the first product oil is hydrodewaxed (second step (hydrodewaxing step)) and then hydrorefined (hydrorefining step).
- second step hydrodewaxing step
- hydrorefined hydrorefined
- the second step In the second step, the first product oil and the second catalyst are brought into contact with each other in the presence of molecular hydrogen to obtain a second product oil.
- the second product oil obtained here is hydrodewaxed, that is, contains substantially no normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms (that is, the content ratio of normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms is 5). It is preferable that it is less than mass%.
- the second step is a so-called hydrodewaxing step.
- a known hydroisomerization catalyst can be used.
- a support hereinafter referred to as “second support”
- an active metal hereinafter referred to as “support metal”
- a second functional catalyst in which the second support has a solid acid property.
- the second carrier include a mixture of a one-dimensional 10-membered ring medium pore diameter zeolite and at least one porous inorganic oxide selected from alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, magnesia, and boria.
- the one-dimensional 10-membered ring medium pore diameter zeolite is preferably at least one zeolite selected from ZSM-22, ZSM-23, and ZSM-48.
- the third metal supported on the second carrier is preferably platinum and / or palladium.
- the normal paraffin conversion represented by the following formula (4) is preferably 95% or more.
- Normal paraffin conversion (%) [1 ⁇ (total mass of normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms in second product oil) / (total mass of normal paraffin having 20 or more carbon atoms in first product oil) )] X 100 (4)
- hydrodehydration is performed at a hydrogen partial pressure of 0.5 to 20 MPa, a catalyst layer average reaction temperature of 250 to 400 ° C., an LHSV of 0.5 to 10.0 h ⁇ 1 , and a hydrogen / oil ratio of 1000 to 10000 scf / b. Preference is given to waxing.
- the second product oil is brought into contact with the third catalyst in the presence of molecular hydrogen to obtain a third product oil.
- hue and / or oxidation stability can be improved by hydrogenating the olefin component and polycyclic aromatic compound in the second product oil.
- a known hydrorefining catalyst can be used, and it preferably contains a support and a metal supported on the support.
- the carrier include alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, boria and the like.
- the metal supported on the carrier include nickel, molybdenum, cobalt, tungsten, palladium, and platinum.
- a plurality of metals may be supported on the carrier, and a combination of platinum-palladium, nickel-molybdenum, cobalt-molybdenum, nickel-tungsten or the like is preferable.
- hydrorefining is performed at a hydrogen partial pressure of 1 to 20 MPa, a catalyst layer average reaction temperature of 200 to 350 ° C., an LHSV of 0.1 to 10.0 h ⁇ 1 , and a hydrogen / oil ratio of 1000 to 10,000 scf / b. It is preferable.
- Fractionation process In the fractionation step, the lubricating oil fraction is distilled and separated from the third product oil. At this time, a fuel oil fraction may be obtained as a light component.
- a lubricant base oil called 70 Pale, SAE10, SAE20, or SAE30 can be suitably obtained by distilling the third product oil under reduced pressure. More specifically, in the fractionation step, lubricating base oils having the following properties can be obtained as lubricating base oils corresponding to 70 Pale, SAE 10, SAE 20, and SAE 30, respectively.
- the NOACK evaporation amount indicates an evaporation loss amount measured according to ASTM D5800.
- 70 Pale Boiling point 340 to 410 ° C., kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. is 2.2 to 3.8 mm 2 / s, viscosity index is 105 or more, pour point is ⁇ 25 ° C.
- SAE10 Boiling point 390-470 ° C., kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 3.5-5.6 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 130 or more, CCS viscosity at ⁇ 30 ° C. 2800 or less, NOACK evaporation amount 16% by mass or less, The pour point is ⁇ 12.5 ° C. or less and the sulfur content is 5 mass ppm or less.
- SAE20 Boiling point 450 to 520 ° C., kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 5.6 to 9.3 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 130 or more, pour point ⁇ 12.5 ° C.
- SAE 30 Boiling point 510 to 550 ° C., kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 9.3 to 12.5 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 130 or more, pour point ⁇ 10 ° C. or less, and sulfur content 5 ppm by mass or less.
- the lubricant base oil obtained by the method for producing a lubricant base oil according to the present embodiment itself has excellent thermal and oxidation stability, and further, an additive is blended in the lubricant base oil.
- the function of the additive can be expressed at a higher level while the additive is sufficiently stably dissolved and held in the lubricating base oil. Therefore, in a lubricating oil composition in which an antioxidant is blended with the lubricating base oil, a high level of thermal / oxidative stability can be achieved.
- the obtained lubricating base oil corresponds to 70 Pale
- the RBOT life can be 290 min or longer.
- the RBOT life in the present invention refers to a composition in which 0.2% by mass of a phenolic antioxidant (2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol; DBPC) is added to a lubricating base oil. It means the RBOT value measured according to JIS K 2514.
- the lubricating base oil itself has excellent viscosity-temperature characteristics and friction characteristics, so that the friction reduction effect is improved, and thus energy saving is improved. Can be achieved. Furthermore, since the lubricating base oil is also excellent in terms of the effectiveness of the additive, when a friction reducing agent is blended with the lubricating base oil, a high level of friction reducing effect and energy saving can be achieved. it can.
- Lubricating oil base oils are specifically used in internal combustion engines such as gasoline engines for passenger cars, gasoline engines for motorcycles, diesel engines, gas engines, gas heat pump engines, marine engines, and power generation engines. (Lubricating oil for internal combustion engines), automatic transmissions, manual transmissions, continuously variable transmissions, final reduction gears, etc. Lubricating oils (drive transmission device oils), shock absorbers, hydraulic equipment for construction machinery, etc. Hydraulic oil, compressor oil, turbine oil, gear oil, refrigerating machine oil, metal working oil, etc. used in the above-mentioned applications.
- Example 1 The amorphous alumina silica zirconia composite oxide described in Example 1 was prepared according to the following method. First, a solution A, a solution B, and a solution C are prepared.
- Solution A A solution obtained by dissolving 20 g of aluminum sulfate hexahydrate reagent in 90 ml of ion-exchanged water.
- Solution B A solution obtained by dissolving 11.4 g of water glass 3 in 50 ml of ion-exchanged water.
- Solution C A solution obtained by dissolving 2.3 g of zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate reagent in 50 ml of ion-exchanged water.
- the solution C was added to the slurry aged at pH 7 for 2 hours, and this slurry was further adjusted to pH 7 to produce silica zirconia composite hydroxide.
- Solution A was added to adjust the pH to 7 to produce silica zirconia alumina composite hydroxide.
- the obtained slurry was filtered, washed, water content was adjusted by heat concentration, and then extruded, dried, and fired to obtain an extruded body (carrier) having a diameter of about 1.5 mm and a length of about 10 mm.
- carrier was evaluated for ammonia desorption temperature dependency. The desorption amount of the fraction of NH 3 at 300 ⁇ 800 ° C. for all desorption of NH 3 shown in Table 1.
- a metal was supported by the pore-filling method so as to have the content shown in Table 1, and sulfurized to obtain a first catalyst.
- a carrier was prepared by adjusting the concentrations of Solution A, Solution B, and Solution C so as to satisfy the carrier composition shown in Table 1, and the contents shown in Table 1 were obtained in the obtained carrier.
- the first catalyst was obtained by supporting and sulfidizing the metal by the pore-filling method.
- the catalyst shown in Table 1 above and the slack wax having the properties shown in Table 2 below are brought into contact under the conditions shown in Table 3 to produce a product oil having the properties shown in Table 3 (first product oil).
- the decomposition rate is a value determined by the yield of a component having 19 or less carbon atoms in the product oil by gas chromatography analysis, and the isomerization rate is 20 or more carbon atoms determined by gas chromatography analysis.
- required by the isomer ratio in the component of is shown.
- the sulfur content is a value measured based on JIS K2541 “Crude oil and petroleum products—sulfur content test method”, and the nitrogen content is based on JIS K2609 “Crude oil and petroleum products—nitrogen content test method”.
- the first product oils obtained in Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 were each subjected to hydrotreating (hydrodewaxing step) under the conditions shown in Table 4 below to obtain the second product Got oil.
- the normal paraffin content having 20 or more carbon atoms is a value determined by gas chromatography analysis.
- a methyl ethyl ketone / toluene mixed solvent (mixing ratio 50% by volume / 50% by volume) was added 3.5 times the amount of the first product oil to ⁇ 32 ° C.
- the solvent was dewaxed by filtration, and the product oil after solvent dewaxing was used as the second product oil.
- the second product oil hydrogen is produced under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 220 ° C., LHSV2h ⁇ 1 , hydrogen partial pressure of 5 MPa, and a hydrogen / oil ratio of 3000 scf / b in the presence of a catalyst in which the active metal is platinum and the carrier is alumina.
- Treatment was performed to obtain a third product oil.
- the obtained third product oil is fractionated by distillation under reduced pressure, 70 Pale base oil which is a fraction of 340 to 410 ° C. in terms of atmospheric pressure, SAE 10 base oil which is a fraction of 390 to 470 ° C.
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Abstract
Description
ノルマルパラフィンの転化率(%)=[1-(上記第一の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)/(上記原料油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)]×100 (3)
ノルマルパラフィンの転化率(%)=[1-(前記第二の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)/(前記第一の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)]×100 (4)
本実施形態に係る潤滑油基油の第一の工程では、分子状水素の存在下、炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンを含有する原料油と、第一の触媒とを接触させて第一の生成油を得る。第一の触媒は、アンモニア脱着温度依存性評価においてNH3の全脱着量に対する300~800℃でのNH3の脱着量の分率が80~90%である第一の担体と、第一の担体に担持された周期表第6族に属する金属から選ばれる少なくとも1種である第一の金属と、第一の担体に担持された周期表第8~10族に属する金属から選ばれる少なくとも1種である第二の金属と、を含有する。また、第一の触媒における第一の金属の酸化物換算での含有割合C1(質量%)と、第二の金属の酸化物換算での含有割合C2(質量%)との和C1+C2が22~36質量%であり、第一の触媒における第一の金属の含有量D1(モル)に対する、第二の金属の含有量D2(モル)の比D1/D2が、1.07~7.78である。
ノルマルパラフィンの転化率(%)=[1-(第一の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)/(原料油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)]×100 (3)
第二の工程では、分子状水素存在下、第一の生成油と第二の触媒とを接触させて第二の生成油を得る。ここで得られる第二の生成油は、水素化脱蝋されていること、すなわち実質的に炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンを含有しない(すなわち、炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの含有割合が、5質量%以下である)ことが好ましい。第二の工程は、いわゆる水素化脱蝋工程である。
ノルマルパラフィンの転化率(%)=[1-(第二の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)/(第一の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)]×100 (4)
水素化精製工程では、分子状水素存在下、第二の生成油と第三の触媒とを接触させて、第三の生成油を得る。水素化精製工程では、第二の生成油中のオレフィン成分や多環芳香族化合物を水素化することにより、色相及び/又は酸化安定性を向上させることができる。
分留工程では、第三の生成油から、潤滑油留分を蒸留分離する。この際、軽質分として燃料油留分も得られる場合がある。
70Pale:沸点340~410℃、100℃における動粘度が2.2~3.8mm2/s、粘度指数が105以上、流動点が-25℃以下、且つ硫黄分が5質量ppm以下。
SAE10:沸点390~470℃、100℃における動粘度が3.5~5.6mm2/s、粘度指数が130以上、-30℃におけるCCS粘度が2800以下、NOACK蒸発量が16質量%以下、流動点が-12.5℃以下、且つ硫黄分が5質量ppm以下。
SAE20:沸点450~520℃、100℃における動粘度が5.6~9.3mm2/s、粘度指数が130以上、流動点が-12.5℃以下、且つ硫黄分が5質量ppm以下。
SAE30:沸点510~550℃、100℃における動粘度が9.3~12.5mm2/s、粘度指数が130以上、流動点が-10℃以下、且つ硫黄分が5質量ppm以下。
実施例1に記載のアモルファスアルミナシリカジルコニア複合酸化物は、下記の方法に従って調製した。まず、溶液A、溶液B、溶液Cをそれぞれ準備する。溶液A:イオン交換水90mlに硫酸アルミニウム16水和物試薬を20g溶解させた溶液。溶液B:イオン交換水50mlに水ガラス3号を11.4g溶解させた溶液。溶液C:イオン交換水50mlに硫酸ジルコニウム4水和物試薬2.3g溶解させた溶液。
次に、溶液BをpH14でゲル化させた後、pH7で2時間熟成したスラリーに、溶液Cを加え、さらにこのスラリーをpH7に調整してシリカジルコニア複合水酸化物を生成した。これに、溶液Aを加えてpH7とし、シリカジルコニアアルミナ複合水酸化物を生成した。得られたスラリーをろ過、洗浄し、加熱濃縮によって水分を調整した後に、押出し成型、乾燥、焼成を経て、直径約1.5mm、長さ約10mmの押し出し成型体(担体)を得た。得られた担体について、アンモニア脱着温度依存性評価を実施した。NH3の全脱着量に対する300~800℃でのNH3の脱着量の分率を表1に示す。この担体に、表1に記載の含有量となるように金属をPore-filling法で担持し、硫化して、第一の触媒を得た。
なお、実施例1以外の触媒についても、表1の担体組成を満たすように溶液A、溶液B、溶液Cの濃度を調整して担体を作り、得られた担体に表1に記載の含有量となるように金属をPore-filling法で担持、硫化して、第一の触媒を得た。
Claims (15)
- 分子状水素の存在下、炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンを含有する原料油と、第一の触媒とを接触させて第一の生成油を得る第一の工程と、
分子状水素の存在下、前記第一の生成油と第二の触媒とを接触させて第二の生成油を得る第二の工程とを備え、
前記第一の触媒は、アンモニア脱着温度依存性評価においてNH3の全脱着量に対する300~800℃でのNH3の脱着量の分率が80~90%である第一の担体と、該第一の担体に担持された周期表第6族に属する金属から選ばれる少なくとも1種である第一の金属と、前記第一の担体に担持された周期表第8~10族に属する金属から選ばれる少なくとも1種である第二の金属と、を含有し、
前記第一の触媒における前記第一の金属の酸化物換算での含有割合C1(質量%)と、前記第二の金属の酸化物換算での含有割合C2(質量%)との和C1+C2が22~36質量%であり、
前記第一の触媒における前記第一の金属の含有量D1(モル)に対する、前記第二の金属の含有量D2(モル)の比D1/D2が、1.07~7.78である、潤滑油基油の製造方法。 - 前記第一の生成油は、炭素数20未満の軽質パラフィンの含有割合が0~10質量%であり、炭素数20以上の異性化パラフィンの含有割合が70質量%以上であり、硫黄分の含有割合が10質量ppm以下であり、窒素分の含有割合が3質量ppm以下である、請求項1に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第一の触媒は、前記第一の金属としてモリブデン及び/又はタングステンを含有する、請求項1又は2に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第一の触媒は、前記第二の金属としてコバルト及び/又はニッケルを含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第一の触媒は、前記第一の担体に担持されたリンをさらに含有し、前記第一の触媒における該リンの酸化物換算での含有割合が0.1~8質量%である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第一の触媒は、平均細孔半径が40~200Åであり、細孔半径が40Å未満である細孔の総細孔容積が、全細孔容積の0.1~5%であり、細孔半径が200Åより大きい細孔の総細孔容積が、全細孔容積の0.1~5%である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第一の担体は、アルミナ、シリカ及びジルコニアの複合酸化物を含有する担体である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第一の工程において、前記炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの一部を、イソパラフィンに異性化する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記原料油は、スラックワックス、脱蝋油、パラフィンワックス、マイクロクリスタリンワックス、ペトラタム、フィッシャートロプシュワックス、減圧軽油、減圧軽油水素化分解油、常圧残油水素化分解油及び減圧残油水素化分解油からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第一の工程において、下記式(3)で表されるノルマルパラフィンの転化率が、70%以上である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
ノルマルパラフィンの転化率(%)=[1-(前記第一の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)/(前記原料油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)]×100 (3) - 前記第二の生成油は、炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの含有割合が5質量%以下である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第二の触媒は、第二の担体と該第二の担体に担持された活性金属とを含有する水素化異性化触媒であり、
前記第二の担体は、一次元10員環中細孔径ゼオライトと、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニア、チタニア、マグネシア及びボリアから選ばれる少なくとも一種の多孔質無機酸化物とを含有し、
前記活性金属は、白金及び/又はパラジウムである、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。 - 前記第二の工程において、下記式(4)で表されるノルマルパラフィンの転化率が、95%以上である、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
ノルマルパラフィンの転化率(%)=[1-(前記第二の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)/(前記第一の生成油中の炭素数20以上のノルマルパラフィンの総質量)]×100 (4) - 前記第二の生成油に、さらに水素化精製を行う、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
- 前記第一の工程及び前記第二の工程を経て、
沸点が340~410℃、粘度指数が105以上、流動点が-25℃以下、硫黄分が5質量ppm以下である70Pale潤滑油基油、
沸点が390~470℃、粘度指数が130以上、流動点が-12.5℃以下、硫黄分が5質量ppm以下であるSAE10潤滑油基油、
沸点が450~520℃、粘度指数が130以上、流動点が-12.5℃以下、硫黄分が5質量ppm以下であるSAE20潤滑油基油、及び
沸点が510~550℃、粘度指数が130以上、流動点が-10℃以下、硫黄分が5質量ppm以下であるSAE30潤滑油基油からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の潤滑油基油を得る、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
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CN201080036679.XA CN102471704B (zh) | 2009-08-18 | 2010-08-06 | 润滑油基础油的制造方法 |
RU2012110229/04A RU2528977C2 (ru) | 2009-08-18 | 2010-08-06 | Способ получения базового состава смазочного масла |
EP10809858.3A EP2468840A4 (en) | 2009-08-18 | 2010-08-06 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A LUBRICANT BASE OIL |
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US9284500B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-03-15 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Production of base oils from petrolatum |
CN105154136B (zh) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-09-05 | 马春磊 | 一种氯化石蜡的生产工艺和设备 |
WO2017111081A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | 出光興産株式会社 | 鉱油系基油、潤滑油組成物、内燃機関、及び内燃機関の潤滑方法 |
WO2017172311A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Methods for fractionation of lubricant feeds |
CN108559595A (zh) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-21 | 佛山途胜汽车科技有限公司 | 一种汽车引擎养护液 |
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