WO2011020359A1 - Procédé et appareil de traitement pour entrées multiples/sorties multiples à utilisateurs multiples basés sur une diversité orthogonale - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de traitement pour entrées multiples/sorties multiples à utilisateurs multiples basés sur une diversité orthogonale Download PDF

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WO2011020359A1
WO2011020359A1 PCT/CN2010/073408 CN2010073408W WO2011020359A1 WO 2011020359 A1 WO2011020359 A1 WO 2011020359A1 CN 2010073408 W CN2010073408 W CN 2010073408W WO 2011020359 A1 WO2011020359 A1 WO 2011020359A1
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user
diversity
precoding
matrix
orthogonal
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PCT/CN2010/073408
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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郭森宝
姜静
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011020359A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011020359A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmit diversity technique in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, and more particularly to a Multiple User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) processing method based on orthogonal diversity. And equipment.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • MU-MIMO Multiple User Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • BACKGROUND In an LTE system, when the downlink antenna is defined as two antennas, the diversity mode is Space-Frequency Block Codes (SFBC), and the coding matrix is as follows:
  • each row of the matrix corresponds to a different transmission frequency
  • each column of the matrix corresponds to a different transmitting antenna
  • the data indicating the mapping to the subcarrier 1 at the first moment represents the data mapped to the Subcarrier 2 at the second moment.
  • the diversity mode is SFBC+ Frequency Switching Transmit Diversity (FSTD)
  • FSTD Frequency Switching Transmit Diversity
  • each row of the matrix corresponds to a different transmission frequency
  • each column of the matrix corresponds to a different transmitting antenna; indicating data mapped to Subcarrier 1 at the first moment, indicating a second time mapping
  • the data to Subcarrier 2 indicates the data mapped to Subcarrier 3 at the third time, and indicates the data mapped to Subcarrier 4 at the fourth time, 5, 5 2 *, 5 and the conjugates representing S 2 and S 3 respectively.
  • the antennas and carrier resources are not fully utilized when transmitting 4 antennas, and only the single-user transmit diversity scheme is used, and multi-user orthogonal diversity multiplexing is not involved, thereby limiting the performance of LTE.
  • the invention provides a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal diversity.
  • the simple orthogonal diversity method comprises first performing space frequency coding on user data and then precoding the encoded data or Beamforming and then sending.
  • the method specifically includes: precoding the data streams of different users through independent layering and specific orthogonal diversity, and mapping into a matrix of space frequency coding;
  • Multi-user precoding or beamforming BF processing is performed on data of different users in the space-frequency coding matrix, and the processed data is mapped through resources and transmitted through the transmitting antenna.
  • the method further includes: when the number of transmit antennas is greater than or equal to 8, the matrix of the particular orthogonal diversity precoding is:
  • the method further includes: when the number of transmit antennas is greater than or equal to 8, the matrix of the particular orthogonal diversity precoding is:
  • the method further includes: the specific orthogonality when the number of transmit antennas is greater than or equal to
  • the number of COMP cells is not limited; correspondingly, the orthogonal diversity-based MU-MIMO processing is specifically: performing orthogonality of MU-MIMO between multiple cells Diversity is transmitted, and is not limited to one user per cell;
  • the method further includes:
  • each cell is configured with 2 antennas, and each cell
  • the method further includes:
  • the matrix of orthogonal diversity precoding of the multi-user 2 antenna is:
  • the data sent by the user 1 indicates the data sent by the user 2
  • the eNodeBs of the two COMP cells respectively divide the two data streams belonging to the respective different users into two layers, and perform orthogonal diversity precoding each.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the matrix of the orthogonal diversity precoding of the multi-user 4 antennas is:
  • the method further includes:
  • the matrix of the orthogonal diversity precoding of the multi-user 4 antennas is:
  • the method further includes: For a COMP cell, when each cell is configured with 8 antennas and one user per cell, the matrix of orthogonal diversity precoding used may be the same as the matrix used when each cell configures 2 antennas or 4 antennas.
  • the multi-user precoding or BF processing is specifically: quantity, or multiplied by a different BF vector.
  • the present invention also provides an MU-MIMO processing apparatus based on orthogonal diversity, the apparatus comprising:
  • An orthogonal diversity precoding module configured to precode the data streams of different users by layering and specific orthogonal diversity, and map to a matrix of space frequency coding;
  • a multi-user precoding module configured to perform multi-user precoding or BF processing on data of different users in the space-frequency encoded matrix
  • a transmitting module configured to map the data processed by the multi-user precoding module to a resource and then transmit the data.
  • the orthogonal diversity precoding module is further configured to: map the data stream of the user 1 into the matrix of the space frequency coding through layer and diversity precoding, and the data flow to the user 2 Then, the diversity precoding matrix complementary to the user 1 is mapped into the matrix of the space frequency coding.
  • the orthogonal diversity precoding module is further configured to: map the data stream of the user 1 into the matrix of the space frequency coding through layer and diversity precoding, and the data flow to the user 2 Then, the same precoding precoding matrix as the user 1 is mapped into the matrix of the space frequency coding.
  • the multi-user precoding module is further configured to multiply data of different users in the space-frequency encoded matrix by different precoding vectors, or multiply by different BF vectors.
  • the method can also be applied to multipoint coordinated transmission (COMP, Coordinated Multi)
  • the CS/CB between multiple cells of the Point Transmission because the UEs that do the diversity transmission at the cell edge can eliminate the co-channel interference between the cells by beamforming.
  • the principle is the same as the single cell MU-MIMO.
  • the data of the user 1 in the matrix is transmitted in the diversity manner at the base station 1 side
  • the data of the user 2 is transmitted in the diversity manner at the base station 2 side
  • the two base stations respectively perform two according to each other's system scheduling.
  • the UEs each use different beams for beamforming, and the two beams can well avoid interference between the two UEs.
  • An orthogonal diversity-based MU-MIMO processing method and apparatus provided by the present invention, the data streams of different users are mapped to a space-frequency coded matrix by independent layering and specific orthogonal diversity precoding; Multi-user precoding or beamforming (BF) processing is performed on data of different users, and the processed data is mapped by resources and then transmitted outward.
  • the invention utilizes the orthogonal diversity multiplexing of multiple users, fully utilizes the resources of the antenna and the carrier, and multiplexes more users under the same resource consumption; and can obtain better without adding additional pilot overhead. Performance gain; use precoding and BF techniques to eliminate interference between multiple users, and for single users. The diversity gain.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal diversity according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of MU-MIMO processing based on orthogonal diversity according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the technical solutions of the present invention are further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
  • the MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal diversity provided by the present invention mainly includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 The base station passes independent layered and specific orthogonal diversity on data streams of different users. Precoding, mapped into a matrix of space-frequency coding.
  • Step 102 Perform multi-user pre-coding or beamforming (BF, Beamforming) processing on data of different users in the space-frequency coded matrix.
  • BF beamforming
  • the precoding vector or the BF vector can be calculated according to the reciprocity between the uplink and downlink channels, or according to the information feedback of the uplink channel to the downlink channel.
  • Step 103 Map the processed data to the outside through the transmitting antenna after being mapped by the resource.
  • the Alamouti code corresponds to the adjacent time or adjacent frequency, and the columns represent different transmit antennas.
  • the use of precoding techniques under SFBC can eliminate interference between multiple users, and the diversity performance can be further enhanced by selecting the best precoding vector.
  • the present invention thus combines precoding beamforming and transmit diversity to design a multi-user diversity method for the LTE-Advanced system.
  • the transmitting antenna is the sum of the transmitting antennas of each cell in the COMP set
  • the two antennas can be multiplexed with up to 4 users by using two antennas, and the encoding method when using 8 antennas is used.
  • the precoding vector not only eliminates multi-user interference, but also enhances the user's signal energy.
  • N up to N/2 users can be multiplexed with two antennas.
  • the encoding method when using the N antenna the precoding vector can not only eliminate multi-user interference, but also enhance the user's signal energy.
  • Embodiment 1 The matrix of the orthogonal diversity coding of the 4-antenna multi-user 2 antenna is as follows:
  • ⁇ 22 s* divides two streams of different users (user 1's data stream and user 2's data stream) into two layers, each performing orthogonal diversity precoding, and then multiplying different pre-multiples for different users.
  • the coded vector or BF vector is transmitted through the actual antenna to transmit user data after resource mapping.
  • the precoding vector or BF vector here is on the one hand to eliminate interference between multiple users, ie by ZF, Zero Forcing, Block Diagnolization and Tomlinson-Halachi.
  • Interference cancellation THP, Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding
  • multi-user weighted vector matching criteria for interference cancellation on the other hand, to enhance the diversity gain of each user, the maximum signal can be based on the eigenvalue decomposition
  • SINR Signal to Interferenc Noise Ratio
  • the reciprocity of the channel is utilized, and the downlink channel correlation matrix is calculated by estimating the channel correlation matrix of the uplink to determine the vector pairing of multiple users; or the uplink is used to calculate the wave AOA (Area, Angle of Arrival) determines the BF vector for each user, and selects two user pairs of two users with the largest angular difference (BF vector orthogonal).
  • the two precoding vector orthogonal users can be selected by pairing with the precoding code index (PMI, Precoding Matrix Index), and the channel information ( ) can be fed back, and ZF or BD, THP algorithm can be utilized.
  • PMI Precoding code index
  • BD Precoding Matrix Index
  • Embodiment 2 8-antenna multi-user
  • the matrix of orthogonal diversity coding of 2 antennas is as follows:
  • the streams of the first two users are first mapped to the four layers, and then the streams of the latter two users are mapped to the other four layers, and then the respective orthogonal diversity is performed.
  • the code is then multiplied by different precoding vectors or BF vectors for different users, and finally transmitted through the actual antenna through resource mapping (mapping to the same time-frequency resource).
  • the calculation method of the precoding vector or the BF vector is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the channel information is used as the PMI or the rank index (RI, Rank Index)
  • the signal to Leakage Noise Ratio (SLNR) can be used when there is no optimal orthogonal weight vector. Pairing method. When multiplexing fewer users in the case of 8 antennas, the precoding vector not only eliminates multi-user interference, but also enhances the user's signal energy.
  • Embodiment 3 8 antenna multi-user 4 antenna orthogonal diversity coding matrix:
  • User 1 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coded matrix by hierarchical and diversity precoding
  • the user 2 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coding matrix with the diversity precoding matrix complementary to User 1
  • users 1 and 2 Multi-user precoding or BF processing is performed separately, and finally transmitted through the actual antenna through resource mapping.
  • 8 antenna diversity can achieve better diversity gain, and using 8 antenna BF can not only eliminate multi-user interference, but also enhance the user's signal energy.
  • the specific precoding vector or BF vector calculation is as described in the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 4 Matrix of orthogonal diversity coding of 8 antenna multi-user 4 antennas:
  • User 1 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coded matrix by hierarchical and diversity precoding
  • the user 2 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coding matrix with the diversity precoding matrix complementary to User 1
  • users 1 and 2 Multi-user precoding or BF processing is performed separately, and finally transmitted through the actual antenna through resource mapping.
  • the difference from the third example is the difference in the diversity precoding matrix.
  • the specific precoding vector or BF vector calculation is as described in the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 5 8 antenna multi-user 4 antenna orthogonal diversity coding matrix:
  • User 1 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coded matrix by hierarchical and diversity precoding.
  • User 2 uses the same diversity precoding matrix to map the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coding matrix, and then users 1 and 2 respectively perform multiple User precoding or BF processing, and finally through the resource mapping (multiple users occupy the same resources) and then sent out through the actual antenna.
  • the difference from the previous example is the difference in the diversity precoding matrix.
  • This precoding matrix can provide better diversity gain.
  • the specific precoding vector or BF vector calculation is as described in the first embodiment.
  • the streams of the first two users are first mapped to the four layers, and then the streams of the latter two users are mapped to the other four layers, and then the respective orthogonal diversity is performed.
  • the code is then multiplied by different precoding vectors or BF vectors for different users, and finally transmitted through the actual antenna through resource mapping (mapping to the same time-frequency resource).
  • the calculation method of the precoding vector or the BF vector is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the channel information is used as the PMI or the rank index (RI, Rank Index)
  • the signal to Leakage Noise Ratio (SLNR) can be used when there is no optimal orthogonal weight vector. Pairing method. When multiplexing fewer users in the case of 8 antennas, the precoding vector not only eliminates multi-user interference, but also enhances the user's signal energy.
  • the MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal diversity of the present invention can also be applied to COMP, and the number of COMP cells is not limited, then the specific MU-MIMO processing is: orthogonal diversity of MU-MIMO between multiple cells Transmit, and is not limited to one user per cell, and there may be multiple MU-MIMO users in each cell;
  • orthogonal MU-MIMO processing of multiple users may be performed in the cell first, and then the cell may perform orthogonal MU-MIMO with other multiple cells. deal with.
  • Embodiment 6 A COMP cell, each cell is configured with 2 antennas, and one user per cell, user 1 belongs to cell 1, user 2 belongs to cell 2, and the orthogonal diversity coding matrix of multi-user 2 antenna is as follows:
  • Two COMP eNodeBs map the two streams belonging to their respective, different users (the data stream of User 1 and the data stream of User 2) to two layers, each performing orthogonal diversity precoding and then targeting different users. Multiply the different precoding vectors or BF vectors, and then transmit the user data through the actual antenna after resource mapping.
  • the precoding vector or BF vector here is on the one hand to eliminate interference between multiple users, ie Through zero-forcing (ZF, Zero Forcing), block diagonalization (BD, Block Diagnolization) and Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding (THP, Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding), or through multi-user weighted vector pairing
  • ZF Zero-forcing
  • BD Block diagonalization
  • THP Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding
  • the criterion is to perform interference cancellation; on the other hand, in order to enhance the diversity gain of each user, the force weight vector can be calculated based on the SINR (Signal to Interferenc Noise Ratio) criterion.
  • the reciprocity of the channel is utilized, and the downlink channel correlation matrix is calculated by estimating the channel correlation matrix of the uplink to determine the vector pairing of multiple users; or the uplink is used to calculate the wave AOA (Area, Angle of Arrival) determines the BF vector for each user, and selects two user pairs of two users with the largest angular difference (BF vector orthogonal).
  • the two precoding vector orthogonal users can be selected by pairing with the precoding code index (PMI, Precoding Matrix Index), and the channel information ( ) can be fed back, and ZF or BD, THP algorithm can be utilized.
  • PMI Precoding code index
  • BD Precoding Matrix Index
  • Embodiment 7 A COMP cell, each cell is configured with 4 antennas, and one user per cell, user 1 belongs to cell 1, user 2 belongs to cell 2, and the orthogonal diversity coding matrix of multi-user 2 antenna is as follows:
  • Two COMP eNodeBs will belong to their own, two streams of different users (user 1
  • the data stream and the data stream of User 2 are respectively mapped to two layers, each performing orthogonal diversity precoding, and then multiplied by different precoding vectors or BF vectors for different users, and then transmitted through the actual antenna after resource mapping.
  • User data The data stream and the data stream of User 2 are respectively mapped to two layers, each performing orthogonal diversity precoding, and then multiplied by different precoding vectors or BF vectors for different users, and then transmitted through the actual antenna after resource mapping.
  • Embodiment 8 A COMP cell, each cell is configured with 4 antennas, and one user per cell, user 1 belongs to cell 1, user 2 belongs to cell 2, and the orthogonal diversity coding matrix of multi-user 4 antenna is as follows:
  • User 1 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coded matrix by hierarchical and diversity precoding
  • user 2 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coding matrix with the diversity precoding matrix complementary to User 1, User 1 and User 2 They belong to different cells in the same COMP cell set.
  • User 1 and 2 then perform multi-user precoding or BF processing respectively, and finally transmit through the actual antenna through resource mapping.
  • 8 antenna diversity can achieve better diversity gain
  • using 8 antenna BF can not only eliminate multi-user interference, but also enhance the user's signal energy.
  • a specific precoding vector or BF vector calculation is as described in the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 9 A COMP cell, each cell is configured with 4 antennas, and one user per cell, user 1 belongs to cell 1, user 2 belongs to cell 2, and the orthogonal diversity coding matrix of multi-user 4 antenna is as follows:
  • User 1 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coded matrix by hierarchical and diversity precoding
  • user 2 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coding matrix with the diversity precoding matrix complementary to User 1, User 1 and User 2 They belong to different cells in the same COMP cell set.
  • users 1 and 2 respectively perform multi-user precoding or BF processing, and finally transmit through the actual antenna through resource mapping.
  • the difference from the third example is the difference in the diversity precoding matrix.
  • the specific precoding vector or BF vector calculation is as described in the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 10 A COMP cell, each cell is configured with 4 antennas, and one user per cell, user 1 belongs to cell 1, user 2 belongs to cell 2, and the orthogonal diversity coding matrix of multi-user 4 antenna is as follows:
  • User 1 maps the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coded matrix by hierarchical and diversity precoding.
  • User 2 uses the same diversity precoding matrix to map the modulation symbols into the space-frequency coding matrix, and then users 1 and 2 respectively perform multiple User precoding or BF processing, and finally through the resource mapping (multiple users occupy the same resources) and then sent out through the actual antenna.
  • the difference from the previous example is the difference in the diversity precoding matrix.
  • This precoding matrix can provide better diversity gain.
  • the specific precoding vector or BF vector calculation is as described in the first embodiment.
  • each COMP cell When each COMP cell is configured with 8 transmit antennas, the same transmit matrix as the 2 antenna configuration and the 4 antenna configuration can be used.
  • the number of COMP cells is not limited to two cells in the embodiment, and may be orthogonal diversity transmission of MU-MIMO between multiple cells, and is not limited to one user per cell, and the MU-MIMO user in each cell may be Multiple, and may be orthogonal MU-MIMO for multiple users in a cell, and then this cell may perform orthogonal MU-MIMO processing with other multiple cells (COMP cells).
  • the present invention further provides an orthogonal diversity-based MU-MIMO processing apparatus. As shown in FIG.
  • the apparatus includes: an orthogonal diversity pre-coding module 10, Multi-user precoding module 20 and transmitting module 30.
  • the orthogonal diversity precoding module 10 is configured to perform precoding on data streams of different users by layering and specific orthogonal diversity, and map into a matrix of space frequency coding.
  • the multi-user pre-coding module 20 is configured to perform multi-user precoding or BF processing on data of different users in the matrix of the space-frequency coding, specifically: vector coding the space frequency.
  • the transmitting module 30 is configured to map the data processed by the multi-user pre-encoding module 20 to the outside through the resource mapping.
  • the multi-user precoding module 20 may calculate a precoding vector or a BF vector according to reciprocity between uplink and downlink channels, or according to information feedback of the uplink channel to the downlink channel.
  • the reciprocity of the channel can be utilized, and the downlink channel correlation matrix is calculated by estimating the uplink channel correlation matrix to determine the vector pairing of multiple users; or the uplink is used to calculate the AOA, Determine the BF vector for each user.
  • two users with orthogonal precoding vectors are selected by the feedback PMI to perform pairing; or by feedback channel information H ; and using ZF or BD, ⁇ algorithm to perform interference cancellation between multiple users; or through feedback matrix
  • the autocorrelation matrix uses the user's pairing algorithm to perform pairing between the two users.
  • the orthogonal diversity precoding module 10 is further configured to map the data stream of the user 1 into the matrix of the space frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and the data stream of the user 2 is The precoding precoding matrix complementary or identical to User 1 is mapped into the matrix of space frequency coding.
  • SFBC coding scheme used in the present invention can be modified in many ways, so orthogonal spatial or space-time coding units can replace the SFBC, SFBC+FSTD coding schemes, and all of them should be included. Within the scope of protection of the invention.

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un procédé de traitement pour entrées multiples/sorties multiples à utilisateurs multiples (MU-MIMO) basés sur une diversité orthogonale, comprenant : le mappage des flux de données des différents utilisateurs selon une matrice de codage espace-fréquence par stratification indépendante et précodage particulier de diversité orthogonale, la réalisation d'un traitement de précodage ou de formation de faisceau (BF) à utilisateurs multiples séparément pour les données des différents utilisateurs dans la matrice de codage espace-fréquence, et la transmission des données traitées vers l'extérieur par une antenne d'émission après mappage de ressources pour les données traitées. La présente invention porte également sur un appareil de traitement pour MU-MIMO basé sur une diversité orthogonale. Au moyen du procédé et de l'appareil de la présente invention, on améliore le traitement de diversité d'émission des utilisateurs multiples, on utilise de façon appropriée les ressources des antennes et des porteuses, et on peut multiplexer davantage d'utilisateurs avec la même consommation de ressources.
PCT/CN2010/073408 2009-08-21 2010-05-31 Procédé et appareil de traitement pour entrées multiples/sorties multiples à utilisateurs multiples basés sur une diversité orthogonale WO2011020359A1 (fr)

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