WO2011020301A1 - 限制超高压/特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的方法及装置 - Google Patents

限制超高压/特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011020301A1
WO2011020301A1 PCT/CN2010/001256 CN2010001256W WO2011020301A1 WO 2011020301 A1 WO2011020301 A1 WO 2011020301A1 CN 2010001256 W CN2010001256 W CN 2010001256W WO 2011020301 A1 WO2011020301 A1 WO 2011020301A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
uhv
double
ground fault
fault
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PCT/CN2010/001256
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
班连庚
林集明
项祖涛
韩彬
王晓刚
王晓彤
宋瑞华
刘洪涛
郑彬
Original Assignee
中国电力科学研究院
国家电网公司
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Application filed by 中国电力科学研究院, 国家电网公司 filed Critical 中国电力科学研究院
Priority to US13/391,562 priority Critical patent/US20120212862A1/en
Priority to BR112012003795A priority patent/BR112012003795A2/pt
Priority to RU2012110375/07A priority patent/RU2551445C2/ru
Publication of WO2011020301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011020301A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/267—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for parallel lines and wires
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/08—Limitation or suppression of earth fault currents, e.g. Petersen coil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ultra-high voltage/ultra-high voltage relay protection, in particular to a method and a device for limiting the submersible current of an ultra-high voltage/ultra-high voltage double-circuit line on the same tower. Background technique
  • single-phase ground faults account for 80-90%, while for single-phase ground faults, the single-phase reclosing success rate is above 80%. Therefore, China's grid operation practice of 220kV and above voltage levels shows that the extensive use of single-phase reclosing technology is an important measure to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Therefore, single-phase reclosing technology is also adopted in our ultra-high voltage/UHV AC transmission system.
  • the phase of the phase-off mutual inductance and the phase-to-phase capacitance still flows a certain value of the ground current at the fault point. It is the potential supply of electricity.
  • the submerged current is in the form of an electric arc, so it is also called a submerged power supply arc.
  • the line is equipped with a high-voltage shunt reactor (high-resistance of the cylinder) and a small reactance on the neutral point to limit the submerged current.
  • a high-voltage shunt reactor high-resistance of the cylinder
  • a small reactance on the neutral point to limit the submerged current.
  • FIG 2 the figure is a schematic diagram of a high voltage shunt reactor and a neutral point small reactance.
  • the figure shows a high-voltage shunt reactor, which means a neutral point small reactance.
  • Select a suitable neutral point small reactance to compensate the phase-to-phase capacitance and relative ground capacitance of the transmission line, especially to make the phase-to-phase full compensation.
  • the small reactance is used to reduce the capacitive component of the flood current; in addition, the ground impedance can be increased to reduce the inductance component of the submerged current.
  • China's UHV transmission system uses a small reactance with a fixed resistance to limit the submerged current.
  • UHV transmission lines basically adopt the same-tower double-circuit transmission mode.
  • the coupling between the two circuits increases the difficulty of extinguishing the potential supply current.
  • the ultra-high voltage/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower adopts a fixed-resistance neutral point small reactance to limit the submerged supply current, and the main purpose of limiting the potential supply current in the single-phase reclosing process with high probability of occurrence is to satisfy the Is coincidence. Gate requirements. However, the submersible current and recovery voltage are still much larger than the single-circuit line. On the other hand, under the condition of the neutral point and small reactance with fixed resistance, the potential supply of the two circuits with the same name phase and the different name phase is large, and whether the requirement of Is orbit reclosing can meet the requirements of the face verification. Summary of the invention
  • the present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for limiting the submerged current of an ultrahigh voltage/ultrahigh voltage double-circuit line on the same tower, which can limit the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for limiting the potential of an ultrahigh voltage/ultra-high voltage double-circuit line on a same tower, including:
  • Selecting steps selecting a neutral point small reactance value according to the type of single-phase ground fault; switching step, switching the ultra-high voltage/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower to the selected neutral Point the small reactance resistance value.
  • the determining step can be:
  • the type of single-phase ground fault is determined based on the fault phase of the single-phase ground fault and the operating state of the double-circuit line on the same tower.
  • the selecting step can be:
  • the neutral point small reactance value corresponding to the type of the single-phase ground fault is selected according to the pre-stored single-phase ground fault type and the corresponding information of the neutral point small reactance value.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the UHV/UHV double-circuit transmission line and the power receiving end of the same tower monitor the operation status of the transmission line at the same time.
  • the single phase will be The ground fault information is sent to the other end of the power transmitting end and the power receiving end.
  • the single phase ground fault information includes at least one of a fault phase in which a single phase ground fault occurs, a type of single phase ground fault, and a selected neutral point small reactance value.
  • the method further includes:
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a device for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower, comprising: a fault type judging unit, a neutral point small reactance selecting unit and a neutral point small reactance switching unit;
  • the fault type judging unit is configured to determine the type of single-phase ground fault when a single-phase ground fault occurs in the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower;
  • Neutral point small reactance selection unit for selecting a neutral point small reactance resistance value according to the type of single-phase ground fault;
  • the neutral point small reactance switching unit is used to switch the ultra-high voltage/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower to the selected neutral point small reactance resistance value.
  • the circuit monitoring unit is further configured to monitor the operation of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower.
  • the fault signal is sent to the fault type judgment unit.
  • the type of single-phase ground fault is judged based on the fault signal.
  • the method further includes a neutral point small reactance resistance recovery unit;
  • the neutral point small reactance resistance recovery unit restores the neutral point small reactance value to the initial value of the transmission line during normal operation.
  • the fault type determining unit determines a fault phase in which the single-phase ground fault occurs in the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower; and determines the single-phase ground fault according to the fault phase of the single-phase ground fault and the operating state of the double-circuit line on the same tower. Types of.
  • the neutral point small reactance selecting unit selects a neutral point small reactance resistance value corresponding to the type of the single-phase ground fault according to the pre-stored single-phase ground fault type and the corresponding information of the neutral point small reactance value.
  • the means for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower further comprises a single-phase fault coordination unit;
  • the device is respectively disposed at the power transmitting end and the power receiving end of the transmission line, and the device at the power transmitting end and the device at the power receiving end respectively monitor the operating state of the power transmission line;
  • the single-phase fault coordination unit that first detects the single-phase ground fault of the transmission line will have a single-phase ground fault.
  • the information is sent to a single phase fault coordination unit of the other device located at the power transmitting end and the device at the power receiving end.
  • the single phase ground fault information includes at least one of a fault phase in which a single phase ground fault occurs, a type of single phase ground fault, and a selected neutral point small reactance value.
  • Embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art:
  • the method and device for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower are provided by the embodiments of the present invention, and the type of single-phase ground fault of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower is judged, and the single-phase ground fault is caused by the single-phase ground fault.
  • the type selects the corresponding neutral point small reactance resistance value, and switches the ultra-high voltage/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower to the neutral point small reactance resistance value corresponding to the current fault type. In this way, the resistance value of the corresponding neutral small reactance can be selected according to the specific single-phase ground fault type that occurs on the transmission line.
  • the resistance of the neutral point small reactance is not fixed, but changes with the operation of the transmission line, that is, the resistance of the neutral point small reactance is controllable.
  • the neutral point small reactance of the optimum resistance value can be selected to access the transmission line, thereby limiting the submerged current generated by the single-phase ground fault.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the potential supply current in the transmission line
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage shunt reactor and a neutral point small reactance
  • Figure 3 is a graph of the latent power flow during the single-phase reclosing of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower;
  • Figure 4 is a recovery voltage curve during the single-phase reclosing of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower;
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the limiting submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a structural view showing a first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a structural view showing a second embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a structural view showing a third embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. detailed description
  • the following describes the potential supply current and recovery voltage when a single-phase earth fault occurs in different operating modes of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line.
  • the UHV double-circuit line on the same tower selects a 300-kilometer long transmission line, and 720 Mvar high-voltage shunt reactors are installed at both ends of the line.
  • the horizontal axis of the graph is the resistance of the neutral point small reactance of the UHV double-circuit line on the same tower, and the unit is ohm.
  • the vertical axis is the submerged current when a single-phase earth fault occurs on the UHV double-circuit line on the same tower, and the unit is ampere.
  • Single-phase (double-return) fault Single-phase ground fault that occurs when both loops are running;
  • Single-phase (single-circuit grounded) fault A single-phase ground fault that occurs when one loop is grounded and one of the loops is grounded;
  • Single-phase (single-return) fault A single-phase ground fault that occurs when one loop is running and one of the loops is floating;
  • phase fault Both loops are running, and the two loops have the same name ground fault.
  • a phase of the A loop and phase A of the B loop have ground faults.
  • Heterogeneous phase failure Both loops are running, and the two loops have a phase difference fault.
  • a phase of the A loop and the B phase of the B loop have ground faults.
  • the corresponding submersible current is the smallest, which is about 11A.
  • the neutral point has a small reactance of 900 ohms
  • the corresponding submersible current is the smallest, which is 12A.
  • circuit corresponding to FIG. 4 is the same as that of FIG. 3, and the difference is only the corresponding graph of the small reactance value of the neutral point and the recovery voltage.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts the method of controlling the neutral point small reactance.
  • the method for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower provided by the embodiment includes the following steps:
  • S501 Determine the type of single-phase ground fault when a single-phase earth fault occurs on the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower. As an implementation, judging the fault phase of the single-phase ground fault of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower, determining the type of single-phase ground fault according to the fault phase in which the single-phase ground fault occurs and the operating state of the double-circuit line on the same tower .
  • phase-of-phase faults there are five types of faulty phase types: single-phase (double-return) faults, single-phase (single-circuit grounded) faults, single-phase (single-backoff) faults, phase-of-phase faults, and phase-of-phase faults.
  • S502 Select a neutral point small reactance value according to the type of single-phase ground fault.
  • the resistance values of the optimal neutral point small reactance corresponding to different fault types are different. Therefore, the resistance value of the optimal neutral point small reactance is selected according to the fault type.
  • the neutral point small reactance value corresponding to various single-phase ground fault types pre-calculate the neutral point small reactance value corresponding to various single-phase ground fault types, so that the submerged current is minimized, and the corresponding information of various single-phase ground fault types and neutral point small reactance values are stored.
  • the neutral point small reactance value corresponding to the type of the single-phase ground fault is selected according to the pre-stored single-phase ground fault type and the corresponding information of the neutral point small reactance value.
  • S503 Switch the ultra-high voltage/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower to the selected neutral point small reactance resistance value.
  • the operating state of the double-circuit line of the same tower is preset: double-back operation, single-back suspension, or single-back grounding.
  • the protection system on both sides of the line detects the three-phase line current through the respective line CT. When there is one and only one phase line currents are inconsistent, it is determined that the line has a single-phase ground fault in the phase.
  • the type of single-phase ground fault is single-phase (single-circuit grounding) fault or single-phase (single-backover) fault;
  • the running state of the return line is double-running, if only one loop occurs
  • single-phase ground fault it is determined that the type of single-phase ground fault is single-phase (double-return) fault. If single-phase ground fault occurs in both loops, it is determined whether the fault phases of single-phase ground faults are the same according to the two loops.
  • the type of single-phase ground fault is a fault of the same name or a fault of the same name. Then determine the corresponding neutral point small reactance value according to the type of single-phase ground fault.
  • the method for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower is provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the type of single-phase ground fault occurring in the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower is determined, according to the type of single-phase ground fault Select the corresponding neutral point small reactance resistance value, and switch the ultra-high voltage/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower to the neutral point small reactance resistance value corresponding to the current fault type. In this way, the resistance value of the corresponding neutral small reactance can be selected according to the specific single-phase ground fault type that occurs on the transmission line.
  • the resistance of the neutral point small reactance is not fixed, but changes with the operation of the transmission line, that is, the resistance of the neutral point small reactance is controllable. In this way, when the UHV/UHV double-circuit line operation conditions are different, the neutral point small reactance of the optimum resistance value can be selected to access the transmission line, thereby limiting the substation current generated by the single-phase ground fault.
  • the controllable neutral point small reactance provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively limit the latent current supply compared to the prior art using a fixed point resistance (700 ⁇ ) neutral point small reactance.
  • the last column of Table 1 is the percentage of the submersible current in the case of a small neutral reactance with a controlled neutral point and a submersible current with a fixed resistance (700 ⁇ ). It can be seen that in addition to the double-circuit operation of the different name phase failure, the submersible current has been significantly improved in the other four kinds of fault conditions. Since the submersible current becomes smaller, the coincidence time can be shortened. In this way, a fast reclosing can be achieved when a single phase ground fault occurs.
  • the relationship between the magnitude of the potential supply current and the recovery voltage and the neutral point small reactance is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
  • the controllable neutral point with a resistance range of 500 ⁇ - 1200 ⁇ can be selected.
  • Small reactance, resistance adjustment gradient is not more than 100 ⁇ , impedance adjustment time does not exceed 100ms.
  • an appropriate impedance controllable reactor is selected.
  • the present invention does not specifically limit the principle and structure of the impedance controllable reactor, for example: a tap-type reactor with an online adjustment tap function, or a controllable reactor with continuous or stepped impedance adjustment function , such as magnetic valve type or high impedance transformer type controllable reactance.
  • a reactor with an online adjustment tap function is provided.
  • the reactance low-voltage end has a plurality of taps, and any one of the taps can be connected to the ground line online. Different taps correspond to different resistance values of small reactances, thereby achieving online adjustment.
  • Neutral point function of small reactance impedance value for example: a tap-type reactor with an online adjustment tap function, or a controllable reactor with continuous or stepped impedance adjustment function , such as magnetic valve type or high impedance transformer type controllable reactance.
  • a reactor with an online adjustment tap function is provided.
  • the reactance low-voltage end has a plurality
  • the power transmission end and the power receiving end of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower can simultaneously monitor the operation status of the transmission line.
  • the substation at one end may quickly detect the fault, while the substation at the other end may monitor the fault more slowly.
  • a coordinated control function of a small neutral reactance value is added to both ends of the power transmitting end and the power receiving end of the UHV double-circuit line of the UHV/UHV tower.
  • the substation that monitors the fault at the end uses the communication channel between the power transmission end substation and the substation at the power receiving end (for example, communication fiber, etc.) to notify the other end of the substation that the transmission line has failed, thereby improving the selection of the neutral point and small reactance resistance value. Reliability and speed.
  • the UHV/UHV double-circuit transmission line and the power receiving end of the same tower monitor the operation status of the transmission line at the same time.
  • the single-phase ground fault information for example, the fault phase in which the single-phase ground fault occurs, the type of the single-phase ground fault, and the selected neutral point small reactance value
  • the other end of the end is such that the other end also performs the switching process of the neutral point small reactance resistance as soon as possible, thereby improving the reliability and speed of the neutral point small reactance resistance selection.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • S601 The UHV/UHV double-circuit transmission line and the power receiving end of the same tower monitor the operation status of the transmission line at the same time.
  • the substation at one end of the single-phase ground fault is detected to send a single-phase ground fault type to the other end of the same-circuit double-circuit line through the communication channel.
  • the neutral point small reactance resistance value corresponding to the type of the single-phase ground fault is selected according to the type of the single-phase ground fault according to the type of the single-phase ground fault according to the type of the single-phase ground fault.
  • a specific implementation of the look-up table method is: calculating an optimal neutral point small reactance resistance value corresponding to various types of single-phase ground faults in advance, and the optimal center point small reactance resistance value causes the type to occur When the single-phase ground fault occurs, the submersible current is minimum. Then, the list stores various single-phase ground fault types and the corresponding neutral point small reactance resistance information. When the single-phase ground fault type is determined, the single phase ground is selected through the look-up table. The neutral point small reactance resistance value corresponding to the fault type.
  • S605 The two-circuit line on the same tower respectively switches the ultra-high voltage/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower to the neutral point small reactance resistance value corresponding to the type of single-phase ground fault.
  • the substation that first detects the single-phase ground fault end transmits the type of the single-phase ground fault determined to the other end, and coordinates the control at both ends, thereby improving the selection of the neutral point small reactance resistance value. Reliability and speed.
  • the substation that first detects the single-phase ground fault end can also send the fault phase where the single-phase ground fault occurs, or the selected neutral point small reactance resistance value to the other end, and the other end performs subsequent processing. The same can be achieved for the above embodiments.
  • the neutral point small reactance Under the stable operation condition of the transmission line, the neutral point small reactance does not work. At this time, the neutral point small reactance is set to an initial value. When the single-phase reclosing is successful, the neutral point small reactance is adjusted to the initial initial value.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be moved according to the fault type of the transmission line.
  • the state adjusts the resistance of the neutral point small reactance. No matter which single-phase ground fault occurs, the resistance value of the neutral point small reactance can be dynamically adjusted to the optimal resistance value of the submerged current under the fault type.
  • the ground plays its role in accelerating the potential supply of the submerged supply.
  • FIG. 7 there is shown a schematic diagram of an ultrahigh voltage/ultra-high voltage double-circuit line limiting latent current supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower includes the same tower line and the same tower line.
  • Both ends of the same tower line and the same tower line are equipped with a high voltage shunt reactor and a neutral point small reactance.
  • the power transmission end of the same tower A line is equipped with a high voltage shunt reactor; ⁇ and a controllable neutral point small reactance 51 ; the power receiving end of the same tower A line is equipped with a high voltage shunt reactor; ⁇ , and the controllable neutral point is small Reactance ⁇ ⁇ .
  • a high-voltage shunt reactor is installed at the power transmission end of the same tower line; ⁇ and a small neutral reactance with a controllable neutral point; ⁇ 2 ; a high-voltage shunt reactor is installed at the power receiving end of the same tower line; ⁇ 2 and a controllable neutral point Small reactance ⁇ ⁇ 2 .
  • Each set of high voltage shunt reactors is connected in parallel with the three phases of the transmission line.
  • One end of each controllable neutral point small reactance is connected in series with the high voltage shunt reactor, and the other end is grounded.
  • the resistance value of the corresponding neutral point small reactance is selected according to the fault type, and the controllable neutral point small reactance is adjusted to the current required resistance value.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide means for limiting the potential supply of, for example, the UHV/UHV double-circuit line of the same tower shown in Figure 7, which will be described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments.
  • FIG 8 is a structural view of a first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower includes: a fault type judging unit 801, a neutral point small reactance selecting unit 802, and a neutral point small reactance switching unit 803.
  • the fault type judging unit 801 judges the type of the single-phase ground fault.
  • phase-of-phase faults there are five types of faulty phase types: single-phase (double-return) faults, single-phase (single-circuit grounded) faults, single-phase (single-backoff) faults, phase-of-phase faults, and phase-of-phase faults.
  • the neutral point small reactance selection unit 802 selects the neutral point small reactance value according to the type of single-phase ground fault.
  • the neutral point small reactance selecting unit 802 selects a neutral point small reactance resistance value according to the type of the single-phase ground fault type: the neutral point small reactance selecting unit searches for the type of the single-phase ground fault by the look-up table method.
  • Neutral point small reactance resistance value For example, the neutral point small reactance selection unit selects a neutral point small reactance value corresponding to the type of the single-phase ground fault according to the corresponding information of the pre-stored single-phase ground fault type and the neutral point small reactance value.
  • the neutral point small reactance switching unit 803 switches the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower to the neutral point small reactance value corresponding to the type of single-phase ground fault.
  • the device for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower is provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the type of single-phase ground fault occurring in the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower is determined, and the type of the single-phase ground fault is determined.
  • Select the corresponding neutral point small reactance resistance value and switch the ultra-high voltage/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower to the neutral point small reactance resistance value corresponding to the current fault type. In this way, the resistance value of the corresponding neutral small reactance can be selected according to the specific single-phase ground fault type that occurs on the transmission line.
  • the resistance of the neutral point small reactance is not fixed, but changes with the operation of the transmission line, that is, the resistance of the neutral point small reactance is controllable.
  • the neutral point small reactance of the optimum resistance value can be selected to access the transmission line, thereby limiting the submersible current generated by the single-phase ground fault.
  • FIG. 9 there is shown a block diagram of a second embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • the difference between the apparatus and the apparatus for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line provided by the present embodiment is that the line monitoring unit 901 is added.
  • the line monitoring unit 901 monitors the operation of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower.
  • the fault signal is sent to the fault type determining unit 801.
  • the failure type determination unit 801 receives the failure signal and determines the type of the single-phase ground fault based on the failure signal.
  • the embodiment may further include a neutral point small reactance recovery unit.
  • the neutral point small reactance recovery unit 902 restores the neutral point small reactance value to the normal operation of the transmission line. Initial value.
  • FIG. 10 there is shown a block diagram of a third embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • the power transmitting end A and the power receiving end B of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line of the same tower are respectively provided with means 10, 10 for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower, Monitor the operation of the transmission line at the same time.
  • the devices 10, 10 for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower respectively include single-phase fault coordination units 1001, 1001.
  • the single-phase fault coordination units 1001 and 1001 communicate with each other through a communication channel.
  • the device at one end of the power transmitting end A and the power receiving end B for example, the device 10 of the power transmitting end A, first detects that a single-phase ground fault occurs in the transmission line, the single-phase fault coordination unit 1001 of the device 10 will take the type of the fault.
  • the judging unit 801 or the neutral point small reactance selecting unit 802 receives the single-phase ground fault information, and transmits the single-phase ground fault information to the single-phase fault coordination unit 1001 of the device 10 of the power receiving end B.
  • the single-phase fault coordination unit 1001 of the device 10 of the power receiving terminal B receives the single-phase ground fault information from the power transmitting terminal A, and transmits the single-phase ground fault information to the fault type determining unit 801, or the neutral point small reactance selection.
  • Unit 802 performs a switching process of a neutral point small reactance value.
  • the single phase ground fault information includes at least one of a fault phase in which a single phase ground fault occurs, or a type of single phase ground fault, and a selected neutral point small reactance value.
  • the single-phase fault coordination unit 1001 is connected to the neutral point small reactance selection unit 803.
  • the neutral point small reactance selection unit 802 passes the single-phase fault coordination unit 1001. Transmitting the type of single phase ground fault and/or the selected neutral point small reactance value to the single phase fault coordination unit 1001, the single phase fault coordination unit 1001, the type and/or selection of the received single phase ground fault
  • the neutral point small reactance resistance value is sent to the neutral point small reactance selection unit 802, and the neutral point small reactance selection unit 802 controls the neutral point small reactance switching unit 803 to perform the neutral point small reactance resistance value switching.
  • line monitoring units 901, 901 and the neutral point small reactance selecting units 803, 803 are shown as two independent modules in Fig. 10, however, those skilled in the art should understand that the line monitoring unit 901 The 901, and the neutral point small reactance switching units 803 and 803 can also be implemented by one module to separately handle line monitoring and small reactance switching of the two circuits.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide means for limiting the submerged current of the UHV/UHV double-circuit line on the same tower.
  • the resistance of the neutral point small reactance can be dynamically adjusted according to the fault type of the transmission line, no matter which single-phase ground fault occurs,
  • the resistance value of the neutral point small reactance can be dynamically adjusted to the optimal resistance value of the submerged supply current under the fault type, and the effect of accelerating the potential supply current extinction is best exerted.
  • modules or steps described in this disclosure in connection with the block diagrams and method steps are merely exemplary, and that any combination of these modules or steps can be made as needed for a particular implementation.
  • functions of these modules or steps can be implemented by software, hardware for executing computer instructions, or dedicated circuits.
  • the foregoing steps may be performed by a hardware associated with a program instruction, and the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes the steps of the foregoing method embodiment; and the foregoing storage medium includes: A variety of media that can store program code, such as RAM, disk, or optical disk.

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  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Description

限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路
潜供电流的方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及超高压 /特高压继电保护技术领域， 特别涉及一种 限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的方法及装置。 背景技术
根据我国 220kV和 500kV电网的运行经验， 单相接地故障占 80-90%, 而对于单相接地故障， 单相重合闸成功率在 80%以上。 因此， 我国 220kV及以上电压等级的电网运行实践表明， 广泛采 用单相重合闸技术是保障电网安全稳定运行的重要措施。 因此我 国超高压 /特高压交流输电系统中也采用单相重合闸技术。
但是， 当超高压 /特高压线路中一相因单相接地故障而被切除 后， 由于相间互感和相间电容的耦合作用， 被切除的故障相在故 障点仍流过一定数值的接地电流， 这就是潜供电流。 潜供电流是 以电弧的形式出现的， 因此也称潜供电弧。
参见图 1， 该图为输电线路中潜供电流示意图。
当线路发生单相（ A相）接地故障时， 故障相两端断路器跳闸 后， 其它两相 （8相和(相）仍在运行， 且保持工作电压。 由于相 间电容 C12和相间互感 M的作用，故障点仍流过一定的电流 /， 电流 即为潜供电流。 当潜供电流熄灭后， 同样由于相间电容和相间互 感的作用， 在原弧道间出现恢复电压 。
潜供电流和恢复电压越大，故障点自动熄弧越就困难， 以致单 相重合闸失败， 从而影响到供电安全和输电系统稳定运行。
目前在我国超高压输电系统中，主要采用线路装设高压并联电 抗器（筒称高抗）和中性点上装设小电抗的方法来限制潜供电流。 参见图 2，该图为高压并联电抗器和中性点小电抗示意图。 图中 表示高压并联电抗器， 表示中性点小电抗。 选择合适的中性点 小电抗， 用来补偿输电线路的相间电容和相对地电容， 特别是使 相间接近全补偿。 即使相间阻抗接近无穷大， 小电抗用来减小潜 洪电流的电容分量； 另外还可以加大对地阻抗， 用来减少潜供电 流的电感分量。
目前我国超高压输电系统采用固定阻值的小电抗来限制潜供 电流。
但是， 根据我国特高压电网的规划， 特高压输电线路基本采 用同塔双回线路输电方式。 在同塔双回线路输电方式中， 由于两 回路之间的耦合， 增加了潜供电流熄灭的难度。
超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路采用固定阻值的中性点小电抗限 制潜供电流， 以限制出现概率高的单相重合闸过程中的潜供电流 为主要目标，可满足 Is左右重合闸的要求。但潜供电流和恢复电压 仍较单回线路大很多。 另一方面， 采用固定阻值的中性点小电抗 条件下， 两回路同名相和异名相故障时潜供电流较大， 能否满足 Is左右重合闸的要求还需要试臉验证。 发明内容
本公开提供一种限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的 方法及装置， 能够限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路的潜供电流。
本发明的实施例提供一种限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜 供电流的方法， 包括：
判断步骤， 当超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障 时， 判断单相接地故障的类型；
选择步骤， 根据单相接地故障的类型选择中性点小电抗阻值； 切换步骤， 将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路切换到选择的中性 点小电抗阻值。
优选地， 判断步骤可以为：
判断超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障的故障 相；
根据单相接地故障的故障相以及同塔双回线路的运行状态确 定单相接地故障的类型。
优选地， 选择步骤可以为：
当确定单相接地故障的类型后，根据预先存储的单相接地故障 类型与中性点小电抗阻值的对应信息选择与单相接地故障的类型 对应的中性点小电抗阻值。
优选地， 该方法还包括：
超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路送电端和受电端同时监测输电线 路运行状况， 当送电端和受电端中的一端首先监测到输电线路发 生单相接地故障时， 将单相接地故障信息发送给送电端和受电端 中的另一端。
优选地， 单相接地故障信息包括发生单相接地故障的故障相、 单相接地故障的类型、 和选择的中性点小电抗阻值中的至少一个。
优选地， 切换步骤之后还包括：
当超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路单相接地故障解除后， 将中性 点小电抗阻值恢复到输电线路正常运行时的初始值。
本发明的实施例还提供一种限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 潜供电流的装置， 包括： 故障类型判断单元、 中性点小电抗选择 单元和中性点小电抗切换单元；
故障类型判断单元， 用于当超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生 单相接地故障时， 判断单相接地故障的类型；
中性点小电抗选择单元，用于根据单相接地故障的类型选择中 性点小电抗阻值； 中性点小电抗切换单元， 用于将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 切换到选择的中性点小电抗阻值。
优选地， 还包括线路监测单元， 用于监测超高压 /特高压同塔 双回线路运行情况， 当监测到输电线路发生单相接地故障时， 发 送故障信号至故障类型判断单元； 故障类型判断单元根据故障信 号判断单相接地故障的类型。
优选地， 还包括中性点小电抗阻值恢复单元；
当线路监测单元监测到超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路单相接地 故障解除后， 中性点小电抗阻值恢复单元将中性点小电抗阻值恢 复到输电线路正常运行时的初始值。
优选地， 故障类型判断单元判断超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 发生单相接地故障的故障相； 根据单相接地故障的故障相以及同 塔双回线路的运行状态确定单相接地故障的类型。
优选地，中性点小电抗选择单元根据预先存储的单相接地故障 类型与中性点小电抗阻值的对应信息选择与单相接地故障的类型 对应的中性点小电抗阻值。
优选地， 限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的装置还 包括单相故障协调单元；
在输电线路的送电端和受电端分别配置该装置，位于送电端的 装置和位于受电端的装置分别同时监测输电线路运行状况；
当位于送电端的装置和位于受电端的装置中的一个首先监测 到输电线路发生单相接地故障时， 首先监测到输电线路发生单相 接地故障的装置的单相故障协调单元将单相接地故障信息发送给 位于送电端的装置和位于受电端的装置中的另一个的单相故障协 调单元。
优选地， 单相接地故障信息包括发生单相接地故障的故障相、 单相接地故障的类型、 和选择的中性点小电抗阻值中的至少一个。 与现有技术相比， 本发明的实施例具有以下优点：
本发明的实施例提供的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供 电流的方法和装置， 判断超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接 地故障的类型， 由单相接地故障的类型选择对应的中性点小电抗 的阻值， 将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路切换到当前故障类型对应 的中性点小电抗阻值。 这样， 可以根据输电线路发生的具体单相 接地故障类型， 选择相应的中性点小电抗的阻值。 因此， 中性点 小电抗的阻值不是固定不变的， 而是随着输电线路的运行情况来 改变的， 即中性点小电抗的阻值是可控的。 这样， 当超高压 /特高 压同塔双回线路运行状况不同时， 可以选择最优阻值的中性点小 电抗来接入输电线路， 从而限制单相接地故障产生的潜供电流。 附图说明
图 1是输电线路中潜供电流示意图；
图 2是高压并联电抗器和中性点小电抗示意图；
图 3是超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路单相重合闸期间的潜供电 流曲线图；
图 4是超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路单相重合闸期间的恢复电 压曲线图；
图 5是本发明方法第一实施例流程图；
图 6是本发明方法第二实施例流程图；
图 7是本发明超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路限制潜供电流示意 图；
图 8是本发明装置第一实施例结构图；
图 9是本发明装置第二实施例结构图； 以及
图 10是本发明装置第三实施例结构图。 具体实施方式
为了本领域技术人员能够更好地实施本发明，下面首先介绍超 高压 /特高压同塔双回线路不同运行方式下发生单相接地故障时的 潜供电流和恢复电压。
参见图 3,该图为特高压同塔双回线路单相重合闸期间的潜供 电流曲线图。
该段特高压同塔双回线路选择的是 300公里长的输电线路，线 路两端各装设了 720Mvar的高压并联电抗器。
曲线图的横轴为特高压同塔双回线路的中性点小电抗的阻值， 单位为欧姆。 纵轴为特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障时的 潜供电流， 单位为安。
图 3中有五条曲线， 分别代表： 单相（双回）故障、 单相（单 回接地）故障、 单相 （单回悬空）故障、 同名相故障和异名相故 障。
单相（双回）故障： 两个回路均运行时， 出现的单相接地故障； 单相（单回接地）故障：一个回路运行，其中一个回路接地时， 出现的单相接地故障；
单相（单回悬空）故障：一个回路运行，其中一个回路悬空时， 出现的单相接地故障；
同名相故障：两个回路均运行，两个回路出现同名相接地故障。 例如： 甲回路的 A相与乙回路的 A相均发生接地故障。
异名相故障：两个回路均运行，两个回路出现异名相接地故障。 例如： 甲回路的 A相与乙回路的 B相均发生接地故障。
从图 3中可以看出， 同塔双回线路发生不同接地故障时，对应 的曲线不同。 并且， 当中性点小电抗取值不同时， 对应的潜供电 流也不同。
例如， 对于单相（单回接地）曲线， 当中性点小电抗的阻值取
600欧姆时，对应的潜供电流最小，此时约为 11A。而对于单相（双 回） 曲线， 当中性点小电抗阻值为 900欧姆时， 对应的潜供电流 最小， 此时为 12A。
由图 3可以看出，输电线路发生的接地故障类型不同时，最小 潜供电流对应的中性点小电抗的阻值是不同的。
参见图 4,该图为特高压同塔双回线路单相重合闸期间的恢复 电压曲线图。
需要说明的是， 图 4对应的线路与图 3的相同， 不同的仅是中 性点小电抗阻值与恢复电压的对应曲线图。
从图 4中也可以看出， 对于单相（单回接地）曲线， 当中性点 小电抗的阻值取 600欧姆时， 对应的恢复电压最小。 而对于单相 (双回） 曲线， 当中性点小电抗阻值为 900欧姆时， 对应的恢复 电压最小。
由上面的分析可知，输电线路不同故障条件下， 需要的中性点 小电抗的最优阻值不同， 基于此， 本发明的实施例采用可控中性 点小电抗的方法。
为使本发明的实施例的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易 懂， 下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
参见图 5， 该图为本发明方法第一实施例流程图。
本实施例提供的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的 方法包括以下步骤：
S501: 当超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障时， 判断单相接地故障的类型。 作为一种实现， 判断超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接 地故障的故障相， 根据发生单相接地故障的故障相及同塔双回线 路的运行状态确定单相接地故障的类型。
例如，发生故障的故障相类型有五种情况：单相（双回）故障、 单相 （单回接地）故障、 单相 （单回悬空）故障、 同名相故障和 异名相故障。
S502： 根据单相接地故障的类型选择中性点小电抗阻值。
不同故障类型对应的最优中性点小电抗的阻值是不同的， 因 此， 根据故障类型选择最优中性点小电抗的阻值。
作为一种实现,预先计算与各种单相接地故障类型对应的中性 点小电抗阻值， 使得潜供电流最小， 存储各种单相接地故障类型 与中性点小电抗阻值的对应信息； 当确定单相接地故障的类型后， 根据预先存储的单相接地故障类型与中性点小电抗阻值的对应信 息选择与单相接地故障的类型对应的中性点小电抗阻值。
S503: 将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路切换到选择的中性点小 电抗阻值。
例如， 当输电线路发生单相（单回接地）故障， 中性点小电抗 的阻值取 600欧姆时， 对应的潜供电流最小， 此时约为 11A。 将 输电线路的中性点小电抗切换为 600欧姆。
根据本发明方法的一个实施例，预先设置同塔双回线路的运行 状态： 双回运行、 单回悬空、 或单回接地。 线路两侧保护系统通 过各自的线路 CT检测三相线路电流，当有且只有一相线路两端电 流不一致时， 则判定该线路在该相发生了单相接地故障。 当同塔 双回线路的运行状态是单回接地或单回悬空时， 则确定单相接地 故障的类型是单相 （单回接地）故障或单相 （单回悬空）故障； 当同塔双回线路的运行状态是双回运行时， 如果只有一回路发生 单相接地故障， 则确定单相接地故障的类型是单相（双回）故障， 如果两个回路都发生单相接地故障， 则根据两个回路发生单相接 地故障的故障相是否相同， 确定单相接地故障的类型是同名相故 障或异名相故障。 然后根据单相接地故障的类型确定对应的中性 点小电抗阻值。
本发明的实施例提供的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供 电流的方法， 判断超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障 的类型， 根据单相接地故障的类型选择对应的中性点小电抗的阻 值， 将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路切换到当前故障类型对应的中 性点小电抗阻值。 这样， 可以根据输电线路发生的具体单相接地 故障类型， 选择相应的中性点小电抗的阻值。 因此， 中性点小电 抗的阻值不是固定不变的， 而是随着输电线路的运行情况来改变 的， 即中性点小电抗的阻值是可控的。 这样， 当超高压 /特高压同 塔双回线路运行状况不同时， 可以选择最优阻值的中性点小电抗 来接入输电线路， 从而限制单相接地故障产生的潜供电流。
参见表 1，表 1为某特高压同塔双回线路采用可控小电抗的潜 供电流。
Figure imgf000011_0001
由表 1可以看出，输电线路的运行方式和故障类型不同时， 需 要的中性点小电抗的阻值不同， 即中性点小电抗的阻值是可以变 化的。 相比于现有技术釆用固定阻值（700Ω ) 的中性点小电抗， 本发明的实施例提供的可控中性点小电抗可以有效限制潜供电 流。 表 1 的最后一列是可控中性点小电抗情况下的潜供电流比固 定阻值（700Ω )的中性点小电抗情况下的潜供电流降低的百分比。 可以看出， 除了双回运行异名相故障以外， 其他四种故障情况下， 潜供电流得到了明显的改善。 由于潜供电流变小了， 因此， 重合 闹时间可以缩短。 这样， 当发生单相接地故障时， 可以达到快速 重合闸。
需要说明的是， 具体的输电线路不同， 当发生相同类型的单 相接地故障时， 需要的最优中性点小电抗的阻值也不相同。 表 1 中的针对五种故障类型分别采取 900Ω、 600Ω、 900Ω、 1200Ω和 500Ω, 这些电抗的选取是针对 300公里长的特高压同塔双回输电 线路， 线路两端各装设了 720Mvar的高压并联电抗器的情况。 其 他类型的输电线路的中性点小电抗的阻值可以根据实际线路情况 来选择。
针对具体输电线路， 基于系统运行方式、 潮流、 线路导线、 杆塔、 换位、 高抗补偿度等基 数据， 计算不同中性点小电抗条 件下， 不同故障条件下， 潜供电流及其恢复电压。 基于计算结果， 来选择最优的中性点小电抗的 P且值。
例如， 对于单相重合闸过程潜供电流及恢复电压大小与中性 点小电抗的阻值关系如图 3、 图 4 所示， 可选择阻值调节范围为 500Ω - 1200Ω的可控中性点小电抗， 阻值调节梯度不大于 100Ω, 阻抗调节时间不超过 100ms.
根据上述中性点小电抗阻值的变化范围、 调节梯度、 调节速 度、 绝缘水平等的要求， 选择适当的阻抗可控的电抗器。 本发明不对阻抗可控的电抗器的原理和结构作具体限制， 例 如： 可以采用具备在线调节分接头功能的带分接头的电抗器， 也 可以是具备连续或分级阻抗调节功能的可控电抗器， 如磁阀型或 高阻抗变压器型可控电抗。 以具备在线调节分接头功能的电抗器 为例， 该电抗低压端具备若干分接头， 可以在线调整其中任一个 分接头与地线连接， 不同的分接头对应小电抗不同阻值， 从而实 现在线调整中性点小电抗阻抗值的功能。
超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路送电端和受电端可以同时监测输 电线路运行状况。 当输电线路发生单相接地故障时， 一端的变电 站可能很快就监测到了故障， 而另一端的变电站可能监测故障比 较慢。 在本发明的一个实施例中， 在超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 送电端和受电端的两端增加中性点小电抗阻值的协调控制功能， 当一端先监测到故障时， 首先监测到故障的该端的变电站利用送 电端变电站和受电端变电站之间的通讯通道（例如通信光纤等） 通知另一端变电站输电线路发生了故障， 从而提高中性点小电抗 阻值选择的可靠性和速度。 例如， 超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路送 电端和受电端同时监测输电线路运行状况， 当送电端和受电端中 的一端的首先监测到输电线路发生单相"^地故障时， 将单相接地 故障信息 （例如， 发生单相接地故障的故障相、 单相接地故障的 类型、 和选择的中性点小电抗阻值中的至少一个）发送给送电端 和受电端中的另一端， 以使另一端也尽快进行中性点小电抗阻值 的切换处理， 从而提高中性点小电抗阻值选择的可靠性和速度。 下面结合图 6介绍该实施例的一种具体实现。
参见图 6， 该图为本发明方法第二实施例流程图。
S601: 超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路送电端和受电端同时监测 输电线路运行状况。
S602: 当同塔双回线路一端的变电站首先监测到超高压 /特高 压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障时， 判断单相接地故障的类型。
S603,首先监测到单相接地故障一端的变电站通过通讯通道向 同塔双回线路的另一端发送单相接地故障的类型。
S604：同塔双回线路两端分别根据单相接地故障的类型通过查 表法选择与单相接地故障的类型对应的中性点小电抗阻值。
例如，查表法的一种具体实现为： 事先计算与各种单相接地故 障的类型对应的最优中性点小电抗阻值， 该最优中心点小电抗阻 值使得在发生该类型的单相接地故障时潜供电流最小， 然后列表 存储各种单相接地故障类型与对应中性点小电抗阻值的信息； 当 确定单相接地故障类型后， 通过查表选择与该单相接地故障类型 对应的中性点小电抗阻值。
S605: 同塔双回线路两端分别将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 切换到单相接地故障的类型对应的中性点小电抗阻值。
S606: 超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路单相接地故障解除后， 将 中性点小电抗阻值恢复到输电线路正常运行时的初始值。
需要指出，在上述实施例中，首先监测到单相接地故障一端的 变电站将判断出的单相接地故障的类型发送给另一端， 协调两端 的控制， 从而提高中性点小电抗阻值选择的可靠性和速度。 本领 域的技术人员应当理解， 首先监测到单相接地故障一端的变电站 也可以将发生单相接地故障的故障相、 或者选择的中性点小电抗 阻值发送另一端， 由另一端进行后续处理， 同样也可以实现上述 实施例的目的。
输电线路稳定运行条件下， 中性点小电抗不发挥作用， 此时， 将中性点小电抗设置在一个初始值。 当单相重合闸成功以后， 再 将中性点小电抗调节到最初的初始值。
本发明的实施例提供的方法可以根据输电线路的故障类型，动 态调整中性点小电抗的阻值， 无论发生哪种单相接地故障， 均可 以将中性点小电抗的阻值动态调整到该故障类型下限制潜供电流 的最优阻值， 最好地发挥其加速潜供电流熄灭的作用。
参见图 7,该图为本发明的实施例的超高压 /特高压同 双回线 路限制潜供电流示意图。
超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路包括同塔甲线和同塔乙线。
同塔甲线和同塔乙线的两端均安装有高压并联电抗器和中性 点小电抗。
同塔甲线的送电端安装有高压并联电抗器;^和可控中性点 小电抗 51； 同塔甲线的受电端安装有高压并联电抗器;^ ,和可控 中性点小电抗^ ^。
同塔乙线的送电端安装高压并联电抗器;^和可控中性点小 电抗;^ 2； 同塔乙线的受电端安装有高压并联电抗器;^ 2和可控中 性点小电抗^ ^2。
每组高压并联电抗器分别与输电线路的三相并联 ,每个可控中 性点小电抗的一端与高压并联电抗器串联， 另一端接地。
当输电线路发生单相接地故障时，根据故障类型选择对应的最 优中性点小电抗的阻值， 将可控中性点小电抗调节到当前需要的 阻值。
本发明的实施例还提供了用于限制例如图 7所示的超高压 /特 高压同塔双回线路的潜供电流的装置， 下面结合具体实施例来详 细说明。
参见图 8, 该图为本发明装置第一实施例结构图。
本实施例提供的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的 装置包括： 故障类型判断单元 801、 中性点小电抗选择单元 802和 中性点小电抗切换单元 803。 当超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障时， 故障类 型判断单元 801判断单相接地故障的类型。
例如，发生故障的故障相类型有五种情况：单相（双回）故障、 单相 （单回接地）故障、 单相 （单回悬空）故障、 同名相故障和 异名相故障。
中性点小电抗选择单元 802根据单相接地故障的类型选择中 性点小电抗阻值。
中性点小电抗选择单元 802根据单相接地故障的类型选择中 性点小电抗阻值的一种实施方式为： 中性点小电抗选择单元通过 查表法查找单相接地故障的类型对应的中性点小电抗阻值。 例如， 中性点小电抗选择单元根据预先存储单相接地故障类型与中性点 小电抗阻值的对应信息选择与单相接地故障的类型对应的中性点 小电抗阻值。
中性点小电抗切换单元 803将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路切 换到单相接地故障的类型对应的中性点小电抗阻值。
本发明的实施例提供的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供 电流的装置， 判断超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障 的类型， 由单相接地故障的类型选择对应的中性点小电抗的阻值， 将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路切换到当前故障类型对应的中性点 小电抗阻值。 这样， 可以根据输电线路发生的具体单相接地故障 类型， 选择相应的中性点小电抗的阻值。 因此， 中性点小电抗的 阻值不是固定不变的， 而是随着输电线路的运行情况来改变的， 即中性点小电抗的阻值是可控的。 这样， 当超高压 /特高压同塔欢 回线路运行状况不同时， 可以选择最优阻值的中性点小电抗来接 入输电线路， 从而限制单相接地故障产生的潜供电流。
参见图 9， 该图为本发明装置第二实施例结构图。 本实施例提供的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的 装置与装置第一实施例的区别是增加了线路监测单元 901。线路监 测单元 901监测超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路运行情况， 当监测到 输电线路发生单相接地故障时， 发送故障信号至故障类型判断单 元 801。 故障类型判断单元 801接收故障信号， 根据故障信号判断 单相接地故障的类型。
可选地， 该实施例还可以包括中性点小电抗阻值恢复单元
902。
当线路监测单元 901监测到超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路单相 接地故障解除后， 中性点小电抗阻值恢复单元 902将中性点小电 抗阻值恢复到输电线路正常运行时的初始值。
参见图 10， 该图为本发明装置第三实施例结构图。
在本实施例中， 在超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路的送电端 A和 受电端 B分别配置限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的装 置 10、 10，， 分别同时监测输电线路运行状况。
限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的装置 10、 10，分别 包括单相故障协调单元 1001、 1001，。 单相故障协调单元 1001和 1001，之间通过通讯通道进行通信。当送电端 A和受电端 B中的一 端的装置， 例如送电端 A的装置 10, 首先监测到输电线路发生单 相接地故障时， 装置 10的单相故障协调单元 1001将从故障类型 判断单元 801或中性点小电抗选择单元 802接收单相接地故障信 息，将单相接地故障信息发送到受电端 B的装置 10，的单相故障协 调单元 1001，。 受电端 B的装置 10，的单相故障协调单元 1001，接 收来自送电端 A的单相接地故障信息， 将单相接地故障信息发送 给故障类型判断单元 801，或者中性点小电抗选择单元 802，， 进行 中性点小电抗阻值的切换处理。 单相接地故障信息包括发生单相接地故障的故障相、或单相接 地故障的类型、 和选择的中性点小电抗阻值中的至少一个。 例如， 单相故障协调单元 1001与中性点小电抗选择单元 803相连， 当线 路监测单元 901监测到输电线路发生单相接地故障时， 中性点小 电抗选择单元 802通过单相故障协调单元 1001将单相接地故障的 类型和 /或选择的中性点小电抗阻值发送给单相故障协调单元 1001，， 单相故障协调单元 1001，将接收的单相接地故障的类型和 / 或选择的中性点小电抗阻值发送给中性点小电抗选择单元 802，， 由中性点小电抗选择单元 802，控制中性点小电抗切换单元 803，进 行中性点小电抗阻值切换。
需要指出， 在图 10 中线路监测单元 901、 901，和中性点小电 抗选择单元 803、 803，分别作为两个独立的模块示出， 但是， 本领 域的技术人员应当理解， 线路监测单 901、 901，和中性点小电抗 切换单元 803、 803，也可以通过一个模块实现， 分别处理两个回路 的线路监测和小电抗切换。
本发明的实施例提供限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电 流的装置可以根据输电线路的故障类型， 动态调整中性点小电抗 的阻值， 无论发生哪种单相接地故障， 均可以将中性点小电抗的 阻值动态调整到该故障类型下限制潜供电流的最优阻值， 最好地 发挥其加速潜供电流熄灭的作用。
本领域技术人员将能够理解，本公开中结合框图和方法步骤所 描述的那些模块或者步骤仅是示例性的， 根据具体实现的需要可 以对这些模块或者步骤进行任意组合。 另外， 可以通过软件、 执 行计算机指令的硬件、 或者专用电路等来实现这些模块或者步骤 的功能。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述方法实施例的全部或 部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成， 前述的程序可以 存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 执行包括 上述方法实施例的步骤； 而前述的存储介质包括： ROM、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述， 仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非对本发明作 任何形式上的限制。 虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上， 然而 并非用以限定本发明。 任何熟悉本领域的技术人员， 在不脱离本 发明技术方案范围情况下， 都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容 对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰， 或修改为等同变 化的等效实施例。 因此， 凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容， 依 据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、 等同变 化及修饰， 均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的方法， 其 特征在于， 包括：
判断步驟， 当超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障时， 判断所述单相接地故障的类型；
选择步骤， 根据所述单相接地故障的类型选择中性点小电抗阻值； 切换步骤， 将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路切换到所述选择的中性 点小电抗阻值。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜 供电流的方法， 其特征在于， 所述判断步驟包括：
判断超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相接地故障的故障相； 根据所述单相接地故障的故障相以及同塔双回线路的运行状态确 定所述单相接地故障的类型。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜 供电流的方法， 其特征在于， 所述选择步驟包括：
才艮据预先存储的单相接地故障类型与中性点小电抗阻值的对应信 息选择与所述单相接地故障的类型对应的中性点小电抗阻值。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜 供电流的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括：
在超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路送电端和受电端同时监测输电线路 运行状况， 当送电端和受电端中的一端首先监测到所述输电线路 发生单相接地故障时， 将单相接地故障信息发送给送电端和受电 端中的另一端。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜 供电流的方法， 其特征在于， 所述单相接地故障信息包括发生单 相接地故障的故障相、 单相接地故障的类型、 和选择的中性点小 电抗阻值中的至少一个。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜 供电流的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括：
当超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路单相接地故障解除后， 将中性点小 电抗阻值恢复到输电线路正常运行时的初始值。
7、 一种限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜供电流的装置， 其 特征在于， 包括：
故障类型判断单元， 用于当超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相 接地故障时， 判断所述单相接地故障的类型；
中性点小电抗选择单元， 用于根据所述单相接地故障的类型选择 中性点小电抗阻值；
中性点小电抗切换单元， 用于将超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路切换 到所述选择的中性点小电抗阻值。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜 供电流的装置， 其特征在于， 还包括线路监测单元， 用于监测超 高压 /特高压同塔双回线路运行情况， 当监测到输电线路发生单相 接地故障时， 发送故障信号至所述故障类型判断单元；
所述故障类型判断单元根据所述故障信号判断所述单相接地故障 的类型。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路潜 供电流的装置， 其特征在于， 还包括：
中性点小电抗阻值恢复单元， 用于当所述线路监测单元监测到输 电线路单相接地故障解除后， 将中性点小电抗阻值恢复到输电线 路正常运行时的初始值。
10、 根据权利要求 7所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 潜供电流的装置， 其特征在于，
所述故障类型判断单元判断超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路发生单相 接地故障的故障相， 根据所述单相接地故障的故障相以及同塔双 回线路的运行状态确定所述单相接地故障的类型。
11、 根据权利要求 7所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 潜供电流的装置， 其特征在于，
所述中性点小电抗选择单元根据预先存储的单相接地故障类型与 中性点小电抗阻值的对应信息选择与所述单相接地故障的类型对 应的中性点小电抗阻值。
12、 根据权利要求 7所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 潜供电流的装置， 其特征在于， 所述装置还包括单相故障协调单 元；
在输电线路的送电端和受电端分别配置所述装置， 位于送电端的 所述装置和位于受电端的所述装置分别同时监测所述输电线路运 行状况，
当位于送电端的所述装置和位于受电端的所述装置中的一个首先 监测到所述输电线路发生单相接地故障时， 首先监测到所述输电 线路发生单相接地故障的所述装置的单相故障协调单元将单相接 地故障信息发送给位于送电端的所述装置和位于受电端的所述装 置中的另一个的单相故障协调单元。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的限制超高压 /特高压同塔双回线路 潜供电流的装置， 其特征在于， 所述单相接地故障信息包括发生 单相接地故障的故障相、 单相接地故障的类型、 和选择的中性点 小电抗阻值中的至少一个。
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