Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
  • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
  • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
  • H05B3/283—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
  • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
  • F24D13/022—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
  • F24D13/024—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements in walls, floors, ceilings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
  • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
  • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/037—Heaters with zones of different power density
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for electric heating of a slab with electric heating cables, allowing a better adapted distribution of the heating power as well as a very important accumulation of the heat in the slab and a good thermal radiation.
• the slab electric heaters comprise electrical cables, for example BICALENDAL® cables, embedded in the slab.
• the slab is for example made of cast concrete and variable thickness. These electric heaters are also called "heating floor”. They allow a homogeneous heating because the entire slab of a room is heated and then, by radiation, the entire volume above said slab, and not only the areas located near the individual heaters.
• the known electric slab heating devices are based on the principle of energizing electric heating cables as a constant power resistor.
• the electric heating cables are fixed on a steel mesh.
• the mesh is itself placed on a layer of high quality insulation, for example polyurethane, resting on a polyethylene sheet and covered with a concrete slab or the like.
• a disadvantage of the aforementioned heating technique is that the known electric heating devices do not allow to heat effectively and uniformly, taking into account heat losses such as particularly those particularly high, around the walls in contact with the outside ambient air, especially during the winter period.
• the present invention therefore aims to overcome such drawbacks by providing an electric slab heating device with electric heating cables, this heating device being effective and allowing a distribution of the heating power better suited to specific heating needs and therefore a economy of electricity consumption.
• an electric slab heating device for heating by radiation including a room with walls defining an interior volume above said slab, the heating device comprising said slab and a network.
• electric heating cables integrated in said slab, characterized in that said network comprises at least one central zone and at least one peripheral zone surrounding at least partly or in total said central zone, said electric heating cables being arranged so that the density of heating electric cables in said peripheral zone is different from the density of said electric heating cables in said central zone.
• the heating device thus makes it possible to heat the peripheral zone and the central zone differently and thus to adapt the heating power of these zones according to the heating requirements of each zone.
• said electric heating cables are arranged so that the density of electric heating cables in said peripheral zone is greater than the density of said electric heating cables in said central zone.
• FIG. 1 is a top view of a heating device according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a partial view in enlarged vertical section of a heating device according to the invention along axis II-II 'of the preceding figure and in particular of one of the pits housing the transformers supplying the device of FIG. heater ;
• FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a room equipped with an electric heating device according to the invention.
• FIG. 4 is a view from above of a first variant of the network of electric heating cables of a heating device according to the invention.
• FIG. 5 is a top view of a second variant of the network of electric heating cables of a heating device according to the invention.
• Figures 1, 2 and 3 show a device for heating 1 slab 2 according to the invention for radially heating a room 3.
• the room 3 comprises four walls of facade 4.
• the room can be surrounded by four walls of which only three walls of facade and a partition separating for example this room of another room whose temperature can be regulated independently.
• the room comprises three walls each provided with a front wall and a fourth wall provided with a door, for example sliding, which extends over all or part of the fourth wall.
• the room has intermediate walls disposed between the front walls.
• the slab 2 is disposed between the facade walls 4 of the room 3 on an impervious layer of polyane type, itself placed on a floor of any type, for example a floor of solid ground masonry or a dirt floor.
• the slab 2 is composed of at least one insulating lower layer 21 and an upper layer 22 obtained by casting crushed aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as concrete or the like, said upper layer 22 covering the lower layer 21.
• the insulating bottom 21 is preferably made of 100 mm thick expanded polyurethane boards having a thermal insulation performance of 4.25.
• the slab comprises only a concrete layer provided with its frame. This is for example the case where the room equipped with the heating device according to the invention is provided above another room, for example an isolated cellar and / or heated or a room located at the lower floor in a multi-storey building.
• the heating device 1 also comprises a network 6 of electric heating cables 7 supplied at very low voltage by transformers 8 arranged in pits 9 under the slab 2.
• transformers 8 supplied at very low voltage by transformers 8 arranged in pits 9 under the slab 2.
• two pits 9 are provided. each under one of the corners of slab 2.
• the transformers are arranged in a room (or several premises) provided (s) on or next to the slab.
• the network 6 which extends over the entire slab 2 comprises at least one central zone 61 and one or more peripheral zone (s) 62 surrounding said central zone 61.
• the central zone 61 is advantageously constituted by electric heating cables 7 extending in the longitudinal direction of the slab 2, substantially parallel to each other, with a distance between each electric heating cable 7 of about 30 cm. This distance can vary between at least 25 and 35 cm, or more or less depending on the thermal needs.
• the peripheral zones 62 are preferably constituted by electric heating cables 7 extending on either side of the central zone 61 along the slab 2 and therefore the front walls 4 of the room 3 with a distance between each cable electric heater 7 about 15 cm. This distance can vary between 10 and 20 cm, or more or less depending on the thermal needs. Increasing the density of the electric heating cables 7 in the peripheral zones 62 makes it possible to increase the heat output of these peripheral zones 62 and thus to mitigate their undesirable cooling. Therefore, room 3 no longer needs to be equipped, in addition to slab 2, convection heaters as recommended by the Center Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB) with heating devices. known.
• CSTB Center Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment
• the heating device according to the invention may comprise two or more central zones, dependent or independent of each other.
• the set of electric heating cables 7 of the network 6 are preferably cables known under the trademark BICALENDAL®, supplied at very low voltage by sets of busbars 10 arranged in the pit 9 and connected to the transformers 8.
• a very low voltage is an electrical voltage varying from 1 to 44 volts.
• BICALENDAL® cables are composed of two massive aluminum cores, preferably with PRC (Chemical Crosslinked Polyethylene) type insulation, twisted together and welded together at one end by a weld. The welding is for example carried out according to the TIG process and then protected by a heat-shrinkable sleeve.
• the two ends of said electric heating cables 7 to be connected are arranged on the same side of the slab 2. Also, and in general, it will not be necessary to bend the U-shaped heating electric cables 7 to connect them, as illustrated by FIG. Figure 2, at the busbars 10 in the pit 9.
• twisted BICALENDAL® cables form a Faraday cage, suppressing magnetic fields.
• the electric heating cables 7 are directly inserted in the lower part of the upper layer 22 of the slab 2 during the casting operation of said upper layer 22.
• the electric heating cables 7 will be advantageously attached to the armature 24, raised relative to the bottom of the upper layer 22 of the slab 2.
• This configuration allows an efficiency gain of the heating device 1 because the electric heating cables 7 are thus fully embedded in the concrete of the upper layer 22 of the slab 2.
• the electric heating cables 7 form, with the concrete of the upper layer 22 a compact mass whose thermal storage capacity is very important. It is thus possible to use, exclusively, the night current whose cost is lower than that of the day current to heat the slab 2 which will radiate during the day the heat accumulated during the night.
• the electric heating cables 7 are necessarily distinct from the armature 24. This configuration allows, firstly, to separate the mechanical strength and thermal heating functions of the slab 2 and, secondly, not to be limited by the shape and dimensions of said armature 24 to form the network 6 of electric cables 7.
• the floor heat obtained through the heating device 1 according to the invention is uniform on the surface of the slab 2 at 1% ready.
• the heating device 1 is preferably regulated by thermal probes (not shown) of the PT100 type, for example arranged in each zone of the network 6. These thermal probes are, of course, connected to a control cabinet. regulation (not shown) located in the pit 9.
• the grating 6 can be made according to the variants defined in FIGS. 4 and 5.
• three, four or even a greater number of pits may be provided under the slab.
• such a heating device 1 can equip all types of premises 3 such as, for example, residential houses, public buildings or industrial buildings; it is particularly well adapted to factories, storage places, sports halls or even village halls and any building whose slabs rest on solid grounds such as for example supermarkets, shopping malls, exhibition halls. exhibition and other buildings of all sizes.
• premises 3 such as, for example, residential houses, public buildings or industrial buildings; it is particularly well adapted to factories, storage places, sports halls or even village halls and any building whose slabs rest on solid grounds such as for example supermarkets, shopping malls, exhibition halls. exhibition and other buildings of all sizes.
• Such a heating device 1 according to the invention can also be used in renovation or improvement work by placing said heating device 1 on an already existing concrete slab.
• the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but it can be modified or adapted according to the needs or special requirements, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
• invention and in particular with regard to the composition, the shape and the dimensions of the slab 2, the number and the shape of the peripheral zones 62.
• the heating device 1 according to the invention can also be used to equip intermediate slabs used in multi-storey constructions.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=41727503

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Citations (4)

• 2009
  • 2009-08-14 FR FR0903983A patent/FR2949180B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2010
  • 2010-08-16 WO PCT/FR2010/000574 patent/WO2011018564A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2010-08-16 EP EP10757238A patent/EP2465327A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (4)

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