WO2011018012A1 - 一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器 - Google Patents

一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011018012A1
WO2011018012A1 PCT/CN2010/075757 CN2010075757W WO2011018012A1 WO 2011018012 A1 WO2011018012 A1 WO 2011018012A1 CN 2010075757 W CN2010075757 W CN 2010075757W WO 2011018012 A1 WO2011018012 A1 WO 2011018012A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turntable
permanent magnet
shaft
coupling
magnet coupling
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PCT/CN2010/075757
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余亚莉
林贵生
Original Assignee
Yu Yali
Lin Guisheng
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Application filed by Yu Yali, Lin Guisheng filed Critical Yu Yali
Publication of WO2011018012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011018012A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/104Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
    • H02K49/108Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with an axial air gap
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/104Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
    • H02K49/106Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with a radial air gap
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/09Machines characterised by the presence of elements which are subject to variation, e.g. adjustable bearings, reconfigurable windings, variable pitch ventilators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of drive shaft coupling drive, the field of load speed regulation technology and the field of power drag, in particular to an efficient armature winding permanent magnet coupling with adjustable electromagnetic torque.
  • the system adjustment mode is backward. Most fans and pumps are regulated by mechanical throttling, and the efficiency is about 30% lower than the speed control mode. the above.
  • the efficiency is about 30% lower than the speed control mode. the above.
  • Cascade speed control technology can recover the slip power, but it is not suitable for squirrel cage type asynchronous motor, the motor must be replaced; soft start can not be realized, the starting process is very complicated; the starting current is large; the speed regulation range is limited; The response is slow, and it is difficult to achieve closed-loop control; the power factor and efficiency are low, and it drops sharply with the decrease of the rotational speed; it is difficult to achieve the same PLC, DCS
  • the coordination of the control system is not beneficial to improve the overall automation of the device and to achieve optimal control. At the same time, because the control device is more complicated and the harmonic pollution has greater interference to the power grid, it further restricts its use, which is backward technology.
  • the electromagnetic slip clutch speed control technology realizes the speed adjustment of the magnetic pole by controlling the excitation current of the electromagnetic clutch.
  • This system generally also adopts the closed loop control of the speed. All the differential power of the speed control system is consumed, and the consumption of the differential power is increased in exchange for the decrease of the rotational speed, the slip rate is increased, the slip power is also increased, and the heat is consumed in the rotor circuit, so that The system efficiency also decreases.
  • This kind of speed control system has the problem that the wider the speed regulation range, the larger the slip power, and the lower the system efficiency, the control device is also more complicated, so it is not worth promoting.
  • the hydraulic coupling speed control technology is an inefficient speed regulation mode with limited speed range.
  • the high speed drop is about 5%--10%, and the low speed slip loss is large, up to 30% of the rated power.
  • the frequency conversion speed regulation technology is a relatively common and relatively advanced technology at present.
  • the power electronic technology is used to realize the speed adjustment of the motor, which can be automatically controlled according to the actual working conditions to achieve a certain energy saving effect.
  • the frequency conversion equipment is easy to generate harmonics.
  • the high-power inverter has a very large harmonic pollution to the power grid. It is more expensive and more demanding on the environment. It requires an air-conditioning environment.
  • the failure rate is high, the safety is poor, and the frequency conversion is adjusted.
  • the speed system requires professional maintenance, and the vulnerable parts often need to be replaced, the maintenance cost is high, and the speed regulation range is small, especially when the motor is damaged at low speed, and the corresponding frequency conversion motor is needed, for the commonly used high voltage of 6000V or higher. 50 kW --- For 10,000 kW models, the price is expensive and the total cost of ownership is very large.
  • the permanent magnet coupling and speed control technology is the most advanced drive shaft coupling drive and speed control technology which is being further researched and developed.
  • the main advantages are as follows: 1 energy saving, stepless adjustment of speed, speed range is 0-- -98%; 2 simple structure; 3 high reliability, easy to install, not afraid of harsh environment, Long life up to 25 More than 4 years; 4 soft start, power equipment is completely started under no load; 5 is not afraid of blocking, not afraid of pulse type load, mechanical seal; 6 tolerate shaft eccentricity, with load isolation, reduce vibration and noise; 7 extend equipment life, increase fault cycle, Reduce maintenance requirements; 8 no harmonic hazard, no damage to power equipment, does not affect grid safety, no power supply except actuator and controller, suitable for various industrial grade motor systems and explosion-proof occasions; 9 no electromagnetic interference; 10
  • the total cost of ownership is relatively low. Another important feature is that there are no requirements for the power source equipment, as long as the output shaft of the power source equipment rotates to work.
  • the permanent magnet coupling and governor seen on the market have been recognized and praised by users.
  • the related products of Magna Drive Company of the United States are also the only ones in the global market that are suitable for motor dragging.
  • There are high-power models of permanent magnet coupling and governor products and there are common transmission shaft double permanent magnet couplings or couplers that cannot be adjusted. Due to the limitations of their structural and technical solutions, the technical performance of their products has many deficiencies, which need to be improved and overcome. It mainly has the following shortcomings: 1 using only a single dual permanent magnet coupling component or an axial metal conductor.
  • the important technical guarantee of the speed control device is one of the technical support for the long-term safe operation of the super-high-power permanent magnet coupling and governor.
  • the air-cooled power can only be achieved at the maximum.
  • About 130 kW, at 1500 rpm, the air-cooled power can only be about 300 kW, and its promotion and application is greatly limited.
  • the main reason is related to the heat dissipation problem;
  • the inventor's prior patent 200910148103.1 discloses an axial magnetic field armature winding permanent magnet coupling assembly formed by coupling an armature winding disk and a permanent magnet turntable, and adjusting the magnetic torque to adjust the load rotation speed by adjusting the air gap distance in the axial direction. Based on the inventor's deep understanding of various permanent magnet coupling components in long-term product application and R&D practice, combined with advanced permanent magnet coupling air gap spacing and air gap coupling area adjustment mechanism and advanced sensor technology, automatic control and intelligent technology To create an advanced, new, more convenient and safe installation, a series of high-efficiency adjustable electromagnetic torque armature winding permanent magnet coupling technology.
  • a series of products having different uses or different functions can be fabricated to perfect and overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, defects and related technical bottlenecks of the permanent magnet coupling and governor products, and the permanent magnet coupling can be greatly improved.
  • the torque transmission or driving power provided by the unit volume of the governor product and improve the magnetic torque transmission or driving efficiency, reduce the heat generation, and effectively solve the current existence of the permanent magnet coupling and governor products in the design and production process.
  • the world is striving to save energy and reduce emissions and advocate scientific development. It is urgent to innovatively conceive and redesign the permanent magnet coupling torque transmission or driving mechanism and its technical solutions.
  • High-power permanent magnet coupling and governor products provide important, core technical support and technical solutions to meet the advanced and cost-effective new drive shaft permanent magnet coupling drive and speed control products in the field of motor drive systems. urgent need.
  • the present invention has been innovatively designed in the following aspects: 1 given serialized, different functions for adjusting the magnetic torque or adjusting the load
  • the design idea and technical solution of the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism component of the rotating speed include a turntable limit mechanism component, a torque transmission mechanism component, a turntable linkage mechanism component, a centrifugal adjustment mechanism component, a stepless adjustment mechanism component, and an automatic Level adjustment mechanism components, etc., which can be implemented separately, or can be combined and implemented according to actual functions and technical needs, and provide technical support for designing serialized drive shaft permanent magnet coupling drive and speed control products;
  • the use of advanced heat dissipation technology breaks the limitation of the system structure layout of the permanent magnet coupling component, which can effectively treat the heat dissipation problem of the heat-generating component, greatly improve the power capacity per unit volume of the product, and reduce the product cost;
  • Embedded micro-processing technology, self-control technology and non-contact displacement Speed
  • the transportation installation structure scheme provides technical guarantee for ensuring the installation quality and avoiding the occurrence of installation accidents.
  • An efficient armature winding permanent magnet coupling capable of adjusting electromagnetic torque characterized in that it is a turntable type structure, consisting of at least one set of axial magnetic field permanent magnet coupling components, at least one pair and a permanent magnet coupling component Active permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism with active turntable and corresponding active shaft coupling, at least one pair of passive permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism matched with passive permanent magnet coupling turntable in permanent magnet coupling assembly And the corresponding passive shaft coupling, a pair of permanent magnet coupling turntable air gap spacing adjustment mechanism and an integrated assembly mechanism for integrating the system for packaging transportation and installation, axial magnetic field permanent magnet coupling assembly
  • the active rotating disc in the permanent magnet coupling assembly is coupled with the corresponding driving shaft coupling by the adapted active permanent magnet coupling rotating shaft coupling mechanism, and the permanent magnet coupling assembly
  • the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable is coupled to the corresponding passive shaft coupling by a suitable passive turntable coupling mechanism, or on the
  • the associated coupling mechanism is provided with an adapted permanent magnet coupling turntable air gap spacing adjustment mechanism, and the active turntable and its associated coupling mechanism are associated with the passive turntable during the factory packaging, transportation and installation process.
  • An integrated assembly mechanism is provided between the coupling mechanisms.
  • An efficient adjustable electromagnetic torque armature winding permanent magnet coupling as described above, characterized in that two mutually adapted air gap magnetic field coupling disks in the axial magnetic field permanent magnet coupling assembly are Disc or ring disk planarly opposed structure, wherein the axial magnetic field permanent magnet disk is composed of a disk or a circular disk shaped permanent magnet mounting disk and a matching at least one permanent magnet or permanent magnet group, a permanent magnet The adjacent permanent magnets in the group are arranged alternately in the axial N and S polarity on the circumference of the circular disk or the annular disk-shaped mounting plate, and the axial magnetic field permanent magnet disk and the adapted axial magnetic field are electrically connected.
  • the pivoting coils are coupled to form an axial magnetic field armature winding permanent magnet coupling assembly.
  • an efficient adjustable electromagnetic torque armature winding permanent magnet coupling as described above, characterized in that the active permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is used for mounting an active permanent magnet in a permanent magnet coupling assembly Coupling the at least one of the cage wall of the turntable, the end wall of the cage, the wall of the turntable, and the end wall of the turntable, and the components or joint components that are matched with the corresponding drive shaft joints, in the active permanent magnet coupling turntable
  • the connection, support, torque transmission and transmission structure are formed by the active permanent magnet coupling rotating shaft coupling mechanism with the driving shaft coupling, and the passive permanent magnet coupling rotating shaft coupling mechanism is used for passive installation in the permanent magnet coupling assembly
  • An efficient adjustable electromagnetic torque armature winding permanent magnet coupling as described above, characterized in that the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is used for mounting a passive permanent magnet in a permanent magnet coupling assembly
  • the at least one of the cage wall of the coupling carousel, the end wall of the cage, the wall of the turntable, and the end wall of the turntable, and the components or joint components that are matched with the corresponding passive shaft coupling, in the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable The connection, support, torque transmission and transmission structure are formed by the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism with the passive shaft coupling, and the active permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is used for mounting the permanent magnet coupling assembly.
  • the end wall of the permanent magnet coupling turntable, the non-circular shaft hole on the end wall and its bushing, the non-circular center short shaft, the torque transmission slide bar, the center turntable, and its coupling and center short shaft components or components Forming at least one of the components or joint components that are compatible with the corresponding drive shaft couplings, and forming an connection between the active permanent magnet coupling turntable and the drive shaft coupling by an active permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism, Support, force And a drive transmission structure.
  • the first embodiment is a non-circular shaft shaft sleeve on the end wall of the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable and a non-circular center short shaft with a limited position mechanism.
  • the second component is composed of at least one pair of latch spring centrifugal lock mechanism, a central short shaft assembly, a center turntable and a passive permanent magnet coupling turntable torque transmission slide assembly
  • the third is composed of at least one pair of spring centrifugal pins, passively The non-circular shaft hole bushing on the end wall of the magnetic coupling turntable and the corresponding non-circular center short-axis assembly with a limit mechanism
  • the fourth is composed of at least one pair of spring centrifugal pins, a central short-axis assembly, and a center The rotary disc and the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable torque transmission sliding rod assembly are formed.
  • the spring centrifugal pin is mounted on the wall of the turntable, on the wall of the cage, on the center turntable, on the end wall of the turntable, on the non-circular center short axis or on the central short axis.
  • the latch of the latch spring centrifugal lock mechanism and the spring centrifugal lock are respectively installed at corresponding positions of the two passive permanent magnet coupling turntables of the back-to-back of the permanent magnet coupling assembly or the positions of the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable corresponding to the center turntable, and are set
  • the structure in which the permanent magnet coupling air gap spacing is automatically stepped is adjusted by the difference of the speed state during the start or the stalling of the transmission shaft, so that the spring centrifugal pin or the spring centrifugal lock is in different limit position states.
  • the structure is implemented by a linkage mechanism of a back-to-back adjacent permanent magnet coupling turntable, a center short shaft, a turntable isolation bearing, a turntable isolation bearing jacket or an inner sleeve connected with the end wall of the matching turntable, and a turntable with a cam groove
  • the isolation bearing corresponds to the inner sleeve or the outer sleeve, the cam with the cam groove and the inner sleeve or the outer sleeve for linear displacement transmission, the cam sleeve around the shaft adjustment lever or the adjustment handle, the shaft isolation bearing of the cam sleeve and the suitable
  • the swinging bracket assembly and/or the matching fixing bracket assembly are configured, and the second is a linkage mechanism of the back-to-back adjacent permanent magnet coupling turntable, a
  • the screw and the shaft-rotating adjusting rod or the adjusting nut sleeve of the adjusting handle, the shaft-isolated bearing of the nut sleeve and the adapted swing bracket assembly and/or the adapted fixing bracket assembly, and the third is a permanent magnet coupling turntable a non-circular shaft hole and a sleeve on the end wall, a non-circular center short shaft, a turntable isolating bearing, a turntable isolating bearing jacket or inner sleeve coupled to the end of the mating turntable or the non-circular sleeve thereon,
  • the rotary disc isolation bearing with cam groove corresponds to the inner sleeve or the outer sleeve, the cam with the cam groove and the linear displacement
  • the transmission mechanism and the adjusting mechanism of the adjusting rod or the adjusting handle matched thereto and the matching swing bracket assembly and/or the adapted fixing bracket assembly have five kinds of linkage mechanisms of the back-to-back adjacent permanent magnet coupling turntable
  • One of the separately implemented structures is a rolling/sliding screw pair structure which is linked by at least one pair of turntables to the rolling/sliding screw, the linked rolling/sliding nut on the end wall of the turntable, and the rolling on the corresponding center turntable / Sliding screw pair support bearing structure
  • the second is the turntable linkage cylindrical or strip type rack gear pair structure, which consists of at least one pair of racks fixed on the end wall of the adjacent turntable back to back, correspondingly adapted rack
  • the through-hole and the rack-and-pinion pair transmission gear assembly on the center turntable are formed
  • the third is the horizontal rotary disc linkage cam groove lever pair structure, which is fixed by at least one pair in two turns The cam on the end wall, the two ends of the center turntable
  • the sliding hole and the sliding hole bushing on the end wall, the non-circular central short axis has two structures for separately implementing, one is that the whole body is a non-circular structural axis, and the other is a two-section structure.
  • One of the sections is a non-circular shaft for mounting a permanent magnet coupling turntable, and the other section is a circular shaft.
  • the swing bracket is mounted on the system foundation, the system base or the system bracket is adapted to the turntable isolation bearing. Between the inner sleeve or the outer sleeve, the fixed support frame Installed between the system foundation, system base or system bracket and the drive shaft isolation bearing or servo motor.
  • the structure, the servo motor and its associated mechanism, the controller and the adapted swing bracket assembly and/or the adapted fixed bracket assembly are provided with nine separate structures for implementation, one of which is a back-to-back adjacent permanent magnet coupling turntable Linkage mechanism, central short shaft, turntable isolation bearing, turntable isolation bearing outer sleeve or inner sleeve connected with the end wall of the matching turntable, rotary disc isolation bearing with cam groove corresponding to inner sleeve or outer sleeve, and matched with cam groove And the inner sleeve or the outer sleeve of the cam sleeve shaft for linear displacement transmission, the cylindrical or disc type rotary servo motor for driving the cam sleeve shaft to rotate, the servo motor shaft and the central short shaft isolation bearing, the controller and The adapted
  • the servo motor, the servo motor shaft and the central short-axis isolation bearing, the controller and the adapted swing bracket assembly and/or the adapted fixed bracket assembly are formed by the linkage mechanism of the back-to-back adjacent permanent magnet coupling turntable and the center Shaft and turntable isolation bearing, turntable isolating bearing sleeve or inner sleeve connected with the end wall of the matching turntable, and the turntable isolating bearing with the screw shaft and the screw of the linear servo motor output cylinder shaft corresponding to the inner sleeve or the outer sleeve, and is provided with
  • the rotary disc isolation bearing corresponds to the inner sleeve or the outer sleeve to be coupled with the screw hole and is coupled with the linear motion cylinder shaft for linear displacement transmission, and the cylindrical or coil type linear servo motor for driving the cylinder shaft to linearly move,
  • the linear servo motor is provided with a linear displacement transmission mechanism for the cam, a linear displacement transmission mechanism for the rack or a linear displacement transmission mechanism of the screw nut.
  • the rotary servo motor or the orthogonal shaft rotary servo motor, the controller and the adapted swing bracket assembly and/or the adapted fixed bracket assembly are formed by the non-circular shaft hole and the sleeve of the turntable, and the non-circular center is short.
  • the adjusting mechanism is respectively configured with an externally adapted and independently arranged conventional actuator and its associated controller, the adjusting lever or the adjusting handle of the stepless adjusting mechanism being coupled with the output mechanism of the adapted actuator,
  • the non-circular central short axis has two structures for respectively performing, and the other is a non-circular structural axis.
  • the other is a two-section structure, one of which is a non-circular shaft for mounting a permanent magnet coupling turntable, and the other is a circular shaft
  • the swing bracket is mounted on the system foundation, system base or system bracket and
  • the fixed support frame is mounted between the system foundation, the system base or the system bracket and the drive shaft isolation bearing or the servo motor
  • the controller is a dial.
  • Type controller digital display controller or intelligent Controller, dial type controller consists of control dial, control knob or button, controller input and output interface, motor power unit, motor control unit, PLC programmable controller interface unit and its compatible control circuit and peripheral list
  • the circuit, the power switch, the power insurance and the controller casing are composed of the embedded microprocessor unit, the display unit, the operation keyboard unit, the controller input and output interface, the motor power unit, the controller power circuit unit, the power switch,
  • the power insurance and the controller casing are composed of an embedded controller, an embedded unit, a display unit, an operating keyboard unit, at least one channel and at least one sensor and an adapted input interface thereof, at least one switch input/output interface unit, at least One analog input/output interface unit, at least one or at least one general or non-standard data communication interface unit, motor power unit, controller power circuit unit, power switch, power fuse and controller housing, etc.
  • the first is for direct or indirect detection Displacement sensor with air gap spacing
  • second sensor for detecting active or passive drive shaft speed
  • third for temperature sensor for sensing permanent magnet coupling assembly temperature
  • the water level sensor of the water level, the universal or non-standard data communication interface unit has a 485 interface, a field bus interface, an internet interface, a local area network interface, a wireless communication interface or a dedicated non-standard interface, and is used for collecting state information acquired by the various sensors.
  • an embedded microprocessor for processing, operating keyboard input command processing, display output information processing, servo motor power supply timing and amplitude processing, and inputting and outputting information processing of the various interface units and completing system data calculation, event analysis processing, and data storage
  • the unit is respectively connected to the corresponding unit port through a corresponding data bus, and the controller power supply circuit supplies working power to each circuit unit in the controller and is connected to the power input end of the corresponding unit, and is controlled by the embedded micro
  • the processor unit provides a servo motor with servo drive power for the servo motor
  • the power supply control line connected with a data bus via the corresponding port unit embedded microprocessor.
  • An efficient adjustable electromagnetic torque armature winding permanent magnet coupling as described above, characterized in that the non-permanent magnetic field of the non-permanent magnet turntable of the permanent magnet coupling assembly is coupled to one side and/or A heat sink, a heat generating mechanism or a heat generating component coupled to the permanent magnet coupling component is mounted, fixed, fabricated or fitted with a suitable heat sink, heat sink, rotating heat pipe radiator, water cooling component or combined integrated technical heat sink component, Or, on the heat-generating component or component, the heat-absorbing section of the rotating heat pipe is arranged, inlaid, welded, embedded, or placed, and the heat is taken out to the rotating heat pipe cooling section disposed at an appropriate position outside the device by the heat transfer section of the heat pipe to dissipate heat.
  • rotating heat pipe cooling section is provided with fins, radiators or water-cooled components.
  • the combined integrated technology heat-dissipating component uses at least two of the three air-cooled technical components, the rotating heat pipe technology component and the water-cooling technology system.
  • a comprehensive heat dissipation component of the technical structure which is provided with a vent and a wind hole on a heat dissipation ventilation passage member corresponding to the heat sink or the heat sink Or the heat sink path.
  • An efficient adjustable electromagnetic torque armature winding permanent magnet coupling as described above, characterized in that the integrated assembly mechanism is installed after the device is commissioned and tested, and is shipped in the device.
  • the integrated assembly mechanism There are five integrated assembly mechanisms for easy packaging, transportation and installation between the active turntable and its associated coupling mechanism and the passive turntable and its associated coupling mechanism during packaging, transportation and installation.
  • one is an integrated assembly screw assembly disposed between the active turntable end wall on one side of the drive shaft and the passive turntable end wall assembly, and the other is an active turntable end wall disposed on one side of the drive shaft.
  • the integrated assembly screw assembly with the central short shaft assembly or the non-circular center short shaft, and the third is an integrated assembly disposed between the active turntable wall or the cage wall and the passive turntable wall assembly and the active turntable wall.
  • a screw assembly is used, and the fourth is an integrated assembly screw assembly disposed between the passive turntable/rotating end wall assembly on one side of the passive shaft and the active turntable end wall, and the fifth is disposed on the passive shaft.
  • the integrated "short coupling cap” assembly between the central short shaft assembly or the non-circular central short shaft and the active turntable end wall or the turntable wall, in the input coupling and its connected components and output The shaft and its connected components are connected and fixed by an integrated assembly mechanism assembly, and the integrated assembly mechanism components are replaced or removed one by one during the finishing work of the equipment installation and before the equipment is commissioned.
  • An efficient adjustable electromagnetic torque armature winding permanent magnet coupling as described above, characterized in that the outside of the device is provided with a dust cover or a cage or casing provided with safety protection and preventing magnetic field leakage They are only connected to the components of the outermost part of the device, the active turntable part and the passive turntable part, or integrated with the adapted heat sink or heat sink system, or the cage, the casing Or the dust cover is disposed or fused on a base or base frame, bracket or support that is additionally provided to the device, the motor or the load, and the bracket or the support is a horizontal structure or a vertical structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 1 when an integrated assembly mechanism is installed;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 1 in the state in which the integrated assembly mechanism is removed and in the state of blocking and unloading;
  • Figure 3 is a right side view of the non-circular center short axis of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 2 in a soft start state
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle and structure of the second embodiment in the state of passive shaft blocking and unloading
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 3 when an integrated assembly mechanism is installed and at a maximum air gap distance;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 3 when the integrated assembly mechanism is removed and the minimum air gap is at a minimum interval;
  • Embodiment 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 9 is a right side view of the non-circular center short axis of Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 5 at the maximum air gap spacing
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 5 when the turntable is rotated 90 degrees and at the minimum air gap distance based on the state shown in Figure 10;
  • Figure 13 is a right side view of the center short axis of Embodiment 6;
  • Embodiment 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of Embodiment 8.
  • Figure 17 is a right side view of the non-circular center short axis of Embodiment 8.
  • Embodiment 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of Embodiment 9;
  • Figure 19 is a right side view of the non-circular center short axis of Embodiment 9;
  • Embodiment 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of Embodiment 10.
  • Figure 21 is a top plan view showing the horizontal rotary table interlocking cam groove lever pair of Figure 20;
  • Figure 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 11;
  • Embodiment 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of Embodiment 12;
  • Figure 24 is a right side elevational view of the non-circular center of the embodiment 12;
  • Figure 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the working principle and structure of the embodiment 13;
  • Figure 26 is a right side elevational view of the non-circular center of the embodiment 13.
  • Fig. 1 Fig. 2 and Fig. 3
  • it is a rotary magnet type permanent magnet coupling composed of two passive turntables and one active turntable (70).
  • the end walls (80, 81) of the active turntable are respectively provided with axial magnetic field armature winding disks (1, 2), and the end walls of the passive turntables (60, 61) are respectively provided with axial magnetic field permanent magnet disks (35, 36), respectively, correspondingly coupled to form two axial magnetic field armature winding permanent magnet coupling assemblies (401, 402);
  • the air gap spacing adjustment mechanism is a centrifugal adjustment mechanism, which is arranged by a square center short axis (125) a square shaft hole on the end wall (60, 61) of the passive turntable and its sleeve (135, 136), a spring centrifugal pin (172, 173) disposed on the inner circumferential surface (77) of the active turntable wall (72) a turntable limit pin (180, 181, 182) disposed on
  • the active permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is composed of the active turntable wall (72) and the active turntable end wall (82) 70), the active turntable end wall (82, 70) is coupled with the drive shaft coupling (310);
  • the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is composed of the passive turntable end wall (60, 61) and the end wall (60, 61)
  • the square shaft hole on the square shaft and its bushing (135, 136), the square center short shaft (125) and the turntable limit pin (180, 181, 182) on it, the square center short axis ( The outer end of 125) is coupled to the adapted passive shaft coupling (311).
  • the two passive turntables push the passive turntable end wall (60, 61) to promote the axial air gap spacing under the action of the repulsive force between the turntables in the respective axial permanent magnet coupling assemblies (401, 402),
  • it is limited by the spring centrifugal pin (172, 173), and the air gap spacing is limited or the automatic grading limit is released.
  • the rotational speed difference between the rotating disks in the permanent magnet coupling assembly is gradually reduced.
  • the repulsive force becomes attractive, and the two passive turntables pull the passive turntable end wall (60, 61) to promote the axial air under the action of the attraction between the turntables in the respective axial permanent magnet coupling assemblies (401, 402).
  • the pitch becomes smaller, and the limit of the limit pin (180, 182) or the set air gap distance is always running at the set speed.
  • the spring centrifugal pin (172, 173) is placed at the centrifugal pin due to the large rotation speed.
  • the composite buffer delay springs (300, 301) made of compression springs and tension springs between the passive turntable end walls (60, 61) can also delay the adjustment of the air gap spacing, which is slow.
  • the system will automatically perform one The starting process is to achieve the purpose of allowing the stall or tolerate the pulse load; the natural air-cooled turntable radiator (260, 261) is set for the heat dissipation processing of the axial magnetic field armature winding discs (1, 2) to ensure the system can normal work.
  • the embodiment also includes inverting or interchangeably using the driving shaft and the passive shaft in the embodiment.
  • the inverted or interchanged transmitting device can work normally, which is suitable for the present invention. All technical solutions and examples.
  • the non-circular center stub axis in the present invention may be a square, a pentagon, a hexagon, a flower shaft or a spline shaft (the spline shaft is also a conventional name for a non-circular drive shaft), and any Axis that slid and transmits torque, axisymmetric, edged geometry can be used as a non-circular center stub.
  • the spline shaft is also a conventional name for a non-circular drive shaft
  • any Axis that slid and transmits torque, axisymmetric, edged geometry can be used as a non-circular center stub.
  • only the simplest square center stub is used as an example.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 it is a rotary magnet type permanent magnet coupling composed of two passive turntables and an active turntable (570).
  • An axial magnetic field armature winding plate (510, 511) and an end wall (560, 561) of the passive turntable are respectively provided with axial magnetic field permanent magnet disks (535, respectively) on the end walls (580, 581) of the active turntable.
  • the air gap spacing adjustment mechanism is a centrifugal adjustment mechanism, which is driven by a turntable torque slider (666, 667), the end wall of the passive turntable Slider hole (560, 564) on (560, 561), two spring centrifugal pins (672, 673) on the center turntable (590), and a passive permanent magnet coupling turntable and center turntable Two pairs of latch spring centrifugal lock mechanisms (674, 675) corresponding to the position and limit nuts (685, 686) arranged at the end of the turntable torque transmission slide bar (666, 667); active permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling
  • the mechanism is composed of an active turntable wall (572) and an active turntable end wall (570), the active turntable end wall (570) is coupled with the drive shaft coupling (810); the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is driven by the passive turntable end wall (560, 561), end wall (560, 561
  • the replacement of the short screws is replaced one by one to complete the mission of the integrated assembly mechanism, which does not affect the system structure and system functions; of course, the passive turntable end wall (560, 561) Pressure springs and tension springs can also be installed between Buffering delay for a composite made of a spring to retard the speed of the air gap spacing adjustment, the purpose of the soft start slowly.
  • the working principle of the present example provides another spring centrifugal pin (672, 673) and a latch-type spring centrifugal lock mechanism (674, 675), two centrifugal adjustment mechanisms for adjusting the air gap spacing, Only one structure can be selected in the product design. The main purpose here is to illustrate the diversity of technical solutions. They all use the centrifugal force under the state of starting or blocking, so that they automatically have two air gaps.
  • the spacing limit position, the working principle is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
  • the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism adopting the structure of "turntable torque transmission slide---center turntable---center short axis"; The components and positions of the assembly mechanism are different.
  • the permanent magnet coupling of the rotary disc type structure composed of two passive turntables and one active turntable, the axial magnetic field armature winding discs (1001, 1002) and The axial magnetic field permanent magnet disks (1035, 1036) are respectively coupled to form an axial magnetic field armature winding permanent magnet coupling assembly (1001 and 1035, 1002 and 1036) for back-to-back deployment;
  • the active permanent magnet coupling rotary shaft coupling mechanism is composed of a cage wall (1280) and the cage end wall (1284), the cage end wall (1284) is coupled with the drive shaft coupling (1310);
  • the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is composed of the turntable end wall (1060, 1061), The rolling screw pair nut (1154, 1155) on the end wall of the turntable, the lead screw (1152, 1153) of the rolling screw, the sliding hole on the end wall (1060, 1061) of the turntable (not shown) and its axis
  • the long bolts (1315) are replaced with the adapted short screws (1317) to complete the mission of the integrated assembly mechanism.
  • the working principle of the present example is different from the working principles of Embodiments 1 and 2 in that the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism employs a stepless adjusting mechanism instead of the operating principle change occurring in the centrifugal adjusting mechanisms of Embodiments 1 and 2.
  • the adjustment lever (1207) is rotated, the cam sleeve (1205) is rotated, and the cam (1206) on the cam sleeve (1205) cooperates with the cam groove (1204) on the dial isolation bearing inner sleeve (1203) and the turntable
  • the inner sleeve of the isolation bearing (1203) is used for linear displacement transmission, and the inner sleeve of the rotary isolation bearing (1203) drives the rotary isolation bearing (1201), the rotary isolation bearing jacket (1202) and the end wall of the turntable (1060) for linear displacement transmission.
  • the rolling screw nut (1154) on (1060) drives the rolling screw pair screw (1152) to rotate, because the two screws (1152, 1153) on each pair of rolling screws are reverse threaded, scrolling
  • the lead screw (1152, 1153) is supported by the rolling screw auxiliary bearing (1101) on the center turntable (1090), and the rolling lead screw (1153) drives the rolling on the turntable end wall (1061).
  • the screw nut (1155) and its turntable end wall (1061) are linearly displaced in opposite or opposite directions, so that the air gap magnetic field spacing in the back-to-back permanent magnet coupling assembly is simultaneously adjusted to achieve the stepless adjustment. Objective of the magnetic torque and load speed.
  • the oscillating bracket (1477) on the one hand positions the air gap adjusting mechanism to prevent rotation and follows the rotary cover inner bearing sleeve (1203) for linear displacement swing, and on the other hand supports the passive turntable system.
  • the cam groove (1204) on the inner sleeve (1203) of the rotary table is similarly matched with the cam (1206) on the cam sleeve (1205), and is disposed in the rotary bearing.
  • a plurality of "cam groove---cam” transmission mechanisms can be arranged axially symmetrically on the sleeve (1203) and the cam sleeve (1205) for reliable and smooth operation.
  • Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 it is composed of three sets of axial magnetic field armature winding permanent magnet coupling components (1501 and 1535) in the order of "axial magnetic field armature winding disc---axial magnetic field permanent magnet disk". , 1502 and 1536, 1503 and 1537) constitute a permanent magnet coupling of a turntable type structure.
  • the active permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is composed of an active turntable wall (1572) and an active turntable end wall (1570), and the active turntable end wall (1570) is coupled with the drive shaft coupling (1810); the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable is connected
  • the shaft mechanism consists of the end wall of the turntable (1560, 1561, 1562), the square shaft hole (1630, 1631, 1632) on the end wall of the turntable and its integrated turntable square shaft bushing (1638) and the square center short axis (1625).
  • the air gap spacing adjustment mechanism is a stepless adjustment mechanism, which is driven by the passive turntable end wall (1560, 1561) , 1562), integrated turntable square shaft bushing (1638), limit pin (1682) installed at the left end of the square center short axis (1625), square segment of the square center short axis (1625) (1627) And round section (1626), turntable isolation bearing (1701), integrated turntable square shaft bushing (1638) and associated turntable isolating bearing housing (1702), with cam groove (1704) and mounted in a circular section (1626) on the turntable isolation bearing inner sleeve ( 1703), a cam sleeve (1706) with a cam groove (1704) and a linear displacement transmission of the inner sleeve (1703), and a cam sleeve (1705) and a cam sleeve for pivoting the adjustment rod (1707) (1705) a shaft isolation bearing (1708);
  • Heat-dissipating components (1777 and 1775, 1778, and 1776) consisting of rotating heat pipes (1777, 1778) and matching heat sinks (1775, 1776).
  • the heat-absorbing sections of each rotating heat pipe are respectively pasted or embedded.
  • heat sinks (1775, 1776) are respectively arranged in the cooling section of the rotating heat pipe for more effective heat dissipation.
  • the working principle of this example differs from that of the implementation 3 in that one of them adopts a turntable type structure to make the system structure simpler; the other is that the stepless adjustment mechanism adopts a non-circular center short-axis structure, and also makes an air gap.
  • the structure of the spacing adjustment mechanism is simpler and more reliable.
  • the cam groove (1704) on the inner ring sleeve (1703) of the turntable isolation bearing on the circular section (1626) cooperates with the linear displacement transmission of the turntable isolation bearing inner sleeve (1703) on the circular section (1626).
  • the inner sleeve (1703) drives the turntable isolation bearing (1701) and the turntable isolation bearing outer casing (1702) to perform corresponding linear displacement transmission, and drives the turntable end wall (1560, 1561, 1562) in the square center short axis (1625) of four.
  • Embodiment 3 substantially the same as Embodiment 3, refer to Embodiment 3, the difference being that the inner casing of the turntable isolation bearing in the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism and the mechanism for linear displacement transmission thereof are Differently, the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism of the embodiment is an automatic stepless adjusting mechanism, and the inner sleeve of the turntable isolating bearing is designed as an inner sleeve (2213) with a mounting screw hole and a screw (2214), so that the inner bearing of the insulating bearing is provided.
  • the mechanism for the linear displacement transmission of the sleeve (2213) is designed as a disc-type linear servo motor (2215) and its cylindrical output shaft (2216) and the cylindrical output shaft (2216) which are set on the central short shaft (2120).
  • the sleeve (2219), the inner bearing sleeve (2219) of the cylindrical output shaft (2216), the isolation bearing (2217, 2218) and the linear servo motor (2215) controller (2480), the isolation bearing inner sleeve (2213) is installed
  • the screw hole and the screw (2214) are coupled with the cylindrical output shaft (2216) of the disc type linear servo motor (2215); a fixed support frame (2478) is provided between the linear servo motor (2215) and the foundation of the device.
  • the bracket (2478) can support the air gap spacing and the coupling area adjustment mechanism, and does not affect the permanent magnet coupling assembly, the air gap spacing and the coupling area adjustment mechanism, and the central short shaft or the non-circular center short shaft to work normally.
  • the support frame (2478) also supports and fixes the passive turntable system mechanism;
  • the support frame (2478) is provided with a controller (2480), and the controller (2480) is controlled by a dial (2481) and a control knob ( 2482), the controller input and output interface (2483) is formed, and the controller further comprises a motor power supply unit, a motor control unit or a PLC programmable controller and its corresponding peripheral devices and components;
  • the embodiment is a full Automatic dial type permanent magnet coupling speed control device, controller (2480) provides power and control signals for linear servo motor (2215) under setting operation, linear servo motor (2215) drives output cylindrical shaft (2216) to make straight line Displacement drive, drive the inner sleeve of the isolated bearing (2213) for linear displacement transmission, so as
  • Figure 11 also shows the turntable torque transmission sliders (2166 and 2167) and their corresponding turntables (2165), mounted to the turntable (2060, 2061), the slide shaft hole and its bushing (2169, 2168)
  • a design set to the center turntable (2090), and its length can be designed according to requirements.
  • Embodiment 3 substantially the same as Embodiment 3, refer to Embodiment 3, the difference being that the inner casing of the turntable isolation bearing in the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism and the mechanism for linear displacement transmission thereof are Differently, the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism of the embodiment is an automatic stepless adjusting mechanism, and the inner sleeve of the turntable isolating bearing is designed as an inner bearing sleeve (2713) with an inner rolling wire barrel (2724), so that the inner sleeve of the insulating bearing is provided.
  • the mechanism for linear displacement transmission is designed to be an outer end of a disk-type rotary servo motor (2725) and its output cylindrical shaft (2726) and an output cylindrical shaft (2726) which are fitted on a central short shaft (2620).
  • the outer part is provided with an outer ball bobbin (2729) adapted to the inner rolling bobbin (2724) on the inner sleeve of the isolation bearing (2713), an isolated bearing (2727) of the cylindrical output shaft (2726), and a rotary servo motor ( 2725)
  • the controller (2980) is constructed, and the outer bearing ball sleeve (2713) passes through the inner rolling wire barrel (2724) and the outer ball bearing tube on the cylindrical output shaft (2726) of the disk type rotary servo motor (2725) (2729) meshing Connected; a fixed support frame (2978) is provided between the rotary servo motor (2725) and the foundation of the device, and a rotary servo motor (2725) controller (29
  • this embodiment is a fully automatic digital permanent magnet coupling speed control device
  • the controller (2980) provides power and control signals for the rotary servo motor (2725) under the setting operation, and the rotary servo motor (2725) drives The output cylindrical shaft (2726) is used for rotating transmission.
  • the rolling bearing sleeve (2729, 2724) drives the inner sleeve of the isolated bearing (2713) to perform linear displacement transmission, thereby achieving the purpose of stepless adjustment of magnetic torque and load speed; fixed support
  • the frame (2978) also plays a role in supporting and fixing the passive turntable system.
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 it is basically the same as Embodiment 5, and the difference is that the interlocking mechanism of the back-to-back adjacent permanent magnet coupling turntable in the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism is different in this embodiment.
  • the turntable is linked with a cylindrical rack and pinion pair structure, which is composed of two pairs of racks (3153 and 3154, 3155 and 3156) which are relatively fixed on the back end of the adjacent turntable end walls (3060, 3061), correspondingly adapted rack through holes (3157, 3158) and the rack and pinion transmission gear (3115, 3116) on the center turntable (3090) are composed of components, when the turntable isolating bearing casing (3212) and the turntable end wall (3060) are driven by the linear servo motor (3215) When the linear displacement transmission is performed, the racks (3153, 3155) on the end wall (3060) of the turntable are also driven by the corresponding linear displacement, and the racks (3153, 3155) respectively drive the transmission gears (3115, 3116) to
  • the gears (3115, 3116) respectively drive the racks (3154, 3156) on the turntable end wall (3061) and the turntable end wall (3061) to perform linear displacement movement in opposite or opposite directions, so that the back-to-back permanent magnet coupling assembly
  • the pitch will get the same magnetic air gap adjustment, so as to achieve stepless or magnetic torque and load speed of the load shaft.
  • Embodiment 5 For the working principle and structure of other mechanical systems of this embodiment, refer to Embodiment 5, except that the corresponding component number is increased by 1000.
  • the embodiment is a fully automatic intelligent permanent magnet speed regulating device.
  • a fixed support frame (3478) is disposed between the linear servo motor (3215) and the foundation of the device, and an intelligent controller (3480) is disposed on the support frame (3478), and the intelligent controller (3480) is viewed from the outside. It consists of a graphic display unit (3484), a keyboard unit (3485), an input/output interface unit (3492), a sensor and a control terminal (3494), etc., as shown in Fig.
  • the circuit configuration of the intelligent controller (3480) and Working principle block diagram which is composed of embedded microprocessor unit, graphic display unit, keyboard unit, displacement sensor and its interface unit, active shaft speed sensor and its interface unit, passive shaft speed sensor and its interface unit, used to monitor the heating turntable Or component temperature sensor and its interface unit, coolant level sensor interface unit, multi-channel digital input and output interface unit, multi-channel analog input and output interface unit, general or non-standard data communication interface components, sensors and control terminals Unit, motor power unit, controller power circuit and controller housing, etc., controller power supply
  • the circuit provides operating power for each circuit unit in the controller, the motor power unit provides drive power and control signals for the adapted servo motor; the embedded microprocessor senses signals and data through the direct or indirect system operating conditions described above.
  • the collection, calculation and analysis, combined with stored system parameters and historical data, real-time operating commands and interface communication data, enable intelligent controllers to have system self-test, work status self-learning and adaptive, real-time monitoring of working status, event acquisition and emergency Processing, fault alarm and user-friendly man-machine interface, control and drive adaptation of the servo motor intelligent work, making the permanent magnet speed control device an advanced, robust, intelligent drive shaft coupling drive and Speed control system.
  • Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 it is composed of three sets of axial magnetic field armature winding permanent magnet coupling components (3501 and 3535) in the order of "axial magnetic field armature winding disk---axial magnetic field permanent magnet disk". , 3502 and 3536, 3503 and 3537) constitute a rotary disc type permanent magnet coupling.
  • the active permanent magnet coupling turntable coupling mechanism is composed of an active turntable wall (3572) and an active turntable end wall (3570), and the active turntable end wall (3570) is coupled with the drive shaft coupling (3810); the passive permanent magnet coupling turntable is connected
  • the shaft mechanism consists of the end wall of the turntable (3560, 3561, 3562), the square shaft hole (3630, 3631, 3632) on the end wall of the turntable and its integrated turntable square shaft bushing (3638) and the square center short axis (3625).
  • the air gap spacing adjustment mechanism is an automatic stepless adjustment mechanism, which is composed of a square center short shaft (3625) , turntable isolation bearing (3711), turntable square shaft bushing (3638, 3712) made of integrated square and short shaft (3625) square section (3627), with motor shaft connection mounting hole (3714) )
  • the sleeve (3713) is connected, the linear servo motor (3715) is mounted on the fixed support frame (3978), and the left and right swing support frame/rod (3977) is arranged between the isolation bearing outer casing (3712) and the foundation, and the linear servo motor (3715) ) and the
  • the principle and composition of the controller (3980) is the same as in the embodiment 7; the fan blade radiator (3760) is disposed on the back side of the end wall of the leftmost armature winding plate (3503), and the armature winding plate (3501, 3502)
  • the end of the end wall fits and fits into the turntable combined integrated technology heat sink (3777 and 3775, 3778 and 3776), which consists of a rotating heat pipe (3777, 1778) and a matching heat sink (3775, 3776)
  • the heat absorbing sections of each rotating heat pipe are respectively pasted or embedded on the wall of the heating turntable, and the heat is led to the outside of the driving turntable through the conveying section, and the heat sinks (3775, 3776) are respectively arranged in the cooling section of the rotating heat pipe.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the integrated assembly mechanism removed in this embodiment.
  • the working principle of the air gap spacing adjustment mechanism the controller controls and drives the linear servo motor (3715) to work, the output shaft (3716) of the servo motor does linear motion, and the output shaft (3716) drives the inner sleeve of the isolation bearing (3713) at the center.
  • the short-axis circular section (3626) slides left and right, and simultaneously drives the turntable isolation bearing (3711) and the integrated isolated bearing outer casing (3712) to slide left and right on the square short axis (3625) square section (3627), and the isolation bearing
  • the outer casing (3712) drives the permanent magnet turntable (3535, 3536, 3537) to make the corresponding left and right displacement, and the air gap magnetic field spacing in the permanent magnet coupling assembly is adjusted accordingly, thereby achieving stepless adjustment of the magnetic torque and the load shaft or load speed.
  • the permanent magnet turntable (3535, 3536, 3537) is integrated with the square segment (3627) of the square short shaft (3625) through the integrated isolated bearing casing (3712) to complete the magnetic torque transmission function.
  • the air gap spacing adjustment mechanism of this embodiment employs a linear servo motor and a push-pull rod transmission mechanism.
  • FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 it is a rotary disk type permanent magnet coupling provided with an axial magnetic field armature winding disk (4001, 4002, 4003) and an axial magnetic field permanent magnet disk (4035, 4036). 4037) respectively coupled to form three sets of axial magnetic field armature winding permanent magnet coupling components; non-circular shaft shaft hole bushings on the three passive turntable end walls (4060, 4061, 4062) (4130, 4131, 4132) And the inner sleeve of the isolation bearing is made into an integrated isolation bearing inner sleeve (4138); a fan radiator (4260) is arranged on the back side of the end wall of the armature winding disc (4003), and the armature winding disc (4001, 4002) The rear wall of the end wall fits and fits the turntable combined integrated technical heat sink assembly (4277 and 4275, 4278 and 4276), which consists of a rotating heat pipe (4277, 4278) and a matching heat sink (4275, 4276).
  • each rotating heat pipe The heat absorption sections of each rotating heat pipe are respectively pasted or embedded in the wall of the heating turntable, and the heat is led to the outside of the active turntable through the conveying section, and heat sinks (4275, 4276) are respectively arranged in the cooling section of the rotating heat pipe for more effective heat dissipation.
  • Air gap spacing adjustment mechanism of air gap magnetic field The working principle: the controller controls and drives the rotary servo motor (4215) to work, the servo motor's rolling/sliding screw output shaft (4216) does the forward and reverse rotation movement, and the rolling/sliding screw output shaft (4216) and the isolation bearing housing (4213)
  • the rolling/sliding screw nut adapter drive is arranged to drive the isolated bearing casing (4213) to slide left and right, and simultaneously drive the turntable isolation bearing (4211) and the integrated isolation bearing inner sleeve (4138) in the square center short axis ( 4125)
  • the square section (4127) slides left and right.
  • the integrated isolation bearing inner sleeve (4138) drives the three permanent magnet discs (4035, 4036, 4037) to make corresponding left and right displacements.
  • the air gap magnetic field spacing in the permanent magnet coupling assembly The corresponding adjustment is achieved to achieve the purpose of steplessly adjusting the magnetic torque and the load shaft or the load speed; during the working process, the permanent magnet disk (4035, 4036, 4037) passes through the integrated isolation bearing inner sleeve (4138) and the square center short axis
  • the square section (4127) of (4125) is adapted to perform the magnetic torque transfer function.
  • the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism employs a rotary servo motor and a rolling/sliding screw pair transmission mechanism.
  • the present embodiment has the same permanent magnet coupling assembly structure and structure as that of the embodiment 2, except that in the aspect of the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism, it is an automatic stepless adjusting mechanism, and its composition
  • the working mechanism is: two sets of horizontal rotary disc linkage cam groove levers (4662, 4618, 4664, 4665, 4565, 4566 and 4663, 4619) which can link the back-to-back turntable in opposite or opposite directions, and the turntable torque transmission slide bar (4666) , 4667), the sliding hole bushings (4595, 4596), the central short shaft (4620), the turntable isolation bearing (4711), and the end wall (4560) on the end wall (4560, 4561) of the passive turntable Isolation bearing housing, isolated bearing inner sleeve (4713) with cam groove (4714), cam (4716) with gear groove (4714) and linear displacement transmission of inner sleeve (4713) and transmission gear ( 4720) cam sleeve (4721), cam s
  • the cylinder (4721) and the cam (4716) perform a reverse rotation motion, and the cam (4716) drives the isolated bearing inner sleeve (4713) provided with the cam groove (4714), the dial isolation bearing (4711) and the associated turntable (4560).
  • the left and right linear displacement movements are made, and the turntable (4560) is connected to the adjacent back-to-back set turntables (4561) through the horizontal turntables to interlock the cam groove lever pairs, so as to be interlocked in the opposite direction or the opposite direction, so that the permanent magnet coupling components are
  • the air gap magnetic field spacing is adjusted accordingly to achieve the purpose of steplessly adjusting the magnetic torque and the load shaft or load speed.
  • the embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 10, except that the air gap spacing adjusting mechanism is composed of two sets of vertical rotary table linkage sliders (5065) which can link the back-to-back turntables in opposite or opposite directions. , 5066, 5118, 5067, 5068) instead of the horizontal rotary table linkage cam groove lever pair, the working mechanism is referred to the above various embodiments and embodiment 10.
  • the permanent magnet assembly and the structure of the present embodiment are basically the same as those of the embodiment 9, except that the straight shaft motor (6215)---the gear (6220) is used in this embodiment.
  • the strip (6219) transmission adjustment assembly replaces the parallel shaft motor (4215) of Embodiment 9---rolling/sliding screw pair (4216, 4219) transmission adjustment assembly.
  • the working mechanism refers to the above Examples 4, 8 and 9.
  • the permanent magnet component layout and the structure of the present embodiment are substantially the same as those of the embodiment 8, except that the disc type linear servo motor structure introduced in the embodiment 5 is used in the embodiment.
  • the adjustment assembly that is, the disc type linear servo motor (7215), the cylindrical output shaft (7216) inner sleeve (7219) isolation bearing (7217, 7218) and the linear servo motor (7215) controller (7480) replaced the implementation
  • the linear servo motor (3715) and the output pull rod shaft (3716) assembly in Example 8 the cylindrical output shaft (7216) is coupled to the isolated bearing inner sleeve (7213); another difference is that Figure 25 of the present embodiment
  • an integrated assembly mechanism 7312, 7313, 7314
  • the working mechanism is shown between the turntable wall (7282) of the active turntable and the isolated bearing cover (7212) of the passive turntable, and the integrated assembly mechanism is removed during the installation of the device. (7312, 7313, 7314) can be.
  • the working mechanism 7312
  • the application embodiment in which the bracket is formed in a horizontal or vertical installation manner; the application embodiment in which the heat dissipation component is added, or even the upper water cooling system is added, can be given according to the technical solution of the present invention; for example, various types are adopted. Different system state sensors can also be derived from many embodiments, and there are many types of displacement sensors, or a built-in grating displacement sensor or Servo motor of displacement encoder and so on. In addition, in order to illustrate or indicate the diversity of design schemes of a certain structure or component and the convenience of explanation, the punctuation marks "/" are used in many places in the "Instructions" and the "Responses” of this case, which means “or "the meaning of.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments given, but they can serve the purpose of inference, and can provide technical solutions for the design of more specific product series models, as long as any other technical solutions are not deviated from the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications made by the substance of the invention are to be limited and protected by the rights of the invention.

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Description

一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器
技术领域
本发明涉及传动轴耦合驱动技术领域、负载调速技术领域及动力拖动领域,特别是一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器。
背景技术
在我们身边,涉及到传动轴耦合驱动和调速的领域比比皆是,汽车、火车、轮船和飞机等各种运输工具中、几乎各种工业场合中以及人们生产生活中用到的有动力(常见的有电机、内燃机)拖动的设备中大都会用到传动轴耦合驱动和调速技术,相关的技术方案也林林总总。由于应用领域非常广泛和繁杂,本发明所涉及的背景技术只侧重电机拖动领域作重点介绍,但不是说其它方面不适用本发明技术方案。
当前,节能降耗已成为全社会关注的重点内容之一,而电机系统用电量约占全球用电量的60%,其中风机、泵类、压缩机和空调制冷机的用电量分别占全球用电量的10.4%、20.9%、9.4%和6%。电机系统量大、面广,节电潜力巨大。从国内来讲,现有各类电机系统总装机容量约4.2亿千瓦,运行效率比国外先进水平低10---20个百分点,相当于每年浪费电能约1500亿千瓦时。系统匹配不合理,“大马拉小车”现象严重,设备长期低负荷运行;系统调节方式落后,大部分风机、泵类采用机械节流方式调节,效率比调速方式约低30% 以上。在实际工程设计与应用中,为了保证负荷最大时风机或水泵系统满足输出要求,通常需要按系统的最大输出能力配备风机水泵系统,而真正实用中,绝大多数情况下并非需要系统在满负荷下使用。可以通过调节气隙实现流量和/或压力的连续控制,取代原系统中控制流量和/或压力的阀门,在电机转速不变的情况下,调节风机或水泵的转速,符合离心负载的比例定律。当输出流量和/或压力减少时,电机功率急剧下降,减少了能源需求,从而大大地节约了能源。目前电机拖动领域常用的技术都存在着很多方面的缺点和不足,随着永磁耦合及调速技术的发展,将在许许多多应用领域逐渐退出市场或失去竞争能力。举例来说:串级调速技术,可以回收转差功率,但它不适合于鼠笼型异步电机,必须更换电机;不能实现软启动,启动过程非常复杂;启动电流大;调速范围有限;响应慢,不易实现闭环控制;功率因数和效率低,并随转速的调低急剧下降;很难实现同PLC、DCS 等控制系统的配合,对提高装置的整体自动化程度和实现优化控制无益;同时因控制装置比较复杂、谐波污染对电网有较大干扰,进一步限制了它的使用,属落后技术。电磁转差离合器调速技术,通过对电磁离合器励磁电流的控制实现对其磁极的速度调节,这种系统一般也采用转速闭环控制。这种调速系统全部转差功率都被消耗掉,用增加转差功率的消耗来换取转速的降低,转差率增大,转差功率也增大,以发热形式消耗在转子电路里,使得系统效率也随之降低,这类调速系统存在着调速范围愈宽,转差功率愈大,系统效率愈低的问题,控制装置也较为复杂,故不值得提倡。液力耦合器调速技术,属低效调速方式,调速范围有限,高速丢转约5%---10%,低速转差损耗大,最高可达额定功率的30%以上, 精度低、线性度差、响应慢,启动电流大,装置大,不适合改造;容易漏液、维护复杂、费用大,不能满足提高装置整体自动化水平的需要。变频调速技术,是目前应用比较普遍和相对先进的技术,采用电力电子技术来实现对电机的速度调节,可以有效根据实际工况来自动控制,实现一定的节能效果。但是变频设备易产生谐波,大功率变频器对电网的谐波污染非常大,它比较“娇贵”、对环境要求也比较苛刻,需要空调环境;高压环境下故障率高,安全性差,变频调速系统需要专业人员维护,而且易损备件时常需要更换,维护费用高,调速范围小,特别是在其低速运行时对电机损害大,需要配备相应的变频电机,对于常用的6000V以上高压和50千瓦--- 10000千瓦型号的变频器来说,其价格昂贵,且拥有者总成本非常大。
同样,在其他的行业中,传动轴耦合驱动及负载调速的场合也有着巨大的需求,对其技术进步的要求也一样强烈,迫切需要新技术取代传统技术,如汽车和机械设备上经常用到的离合器、联轴器、变速器等等,由于绝大多数为硬联接或摩擦联接传动结构,存在着效率低、易磨损、可靠性差、不易操控、制造加工组装困难、设备启动困难、轴对准要求高、噪声和振动大等很多方面的缺点和不足。因此,动力传输耦合、调速及节能技术是一个永久的研究和开发课题。
永磁耦合及调速技术是目前最为先进的、正在进一步大力研究和开发的传动轴耦合驱动和调速技术,主要优点表现在:①节能,可无级调整转速,调速范围在0---98%;②结构简单;③可靠性高,容易安装,不怕恶劣环境, 寿命长达 25 年以上;④软启动,动力设备完全在空载下启动;⑤不怕堵转,不怕脉冲型负载,机械密封;⑥容忍轴偏心,具有负载隔离,减低振动、噪声;⑦延长设备寿命,增长故障周期, 减少维护需求;⑧无谐波危害,不伤害动力设备,不影响电网安全,除执行机构和控制器之外不用电源供电,适用于各种工业级电机系统及防爆场合;⑨无电磁波干扰;⑩拥有者总成本比较低。还有一个重要的特点是对动力源设备没有任何条件要求,只要动力源设备的输出轴转动即可工作。
目前市场上看到的永磁耦合及调速器,已经得到用户的认可和好评,例如美国麦格纳驱动公司的相关产品,也是目前全球市场上推出的唯一的、适合电机拖动领域的一种有大功率型号的永磁耦合及调速器产品,再有就是常见的不能调速的传动轴双永磁联轴器或耦合器。由于它们受结构和技术方案的局限,致使其产品技术性能有很多不足,需要改进和克服,它主要有以下几个方面的不足:①只采用单一的双永磁耦合组件或轴向金属导体永磁耦合组件,产品单位体积的功率容量受到一定限制,功率不能做得太大;②永磁耦合及调速器本身不能自动调节气隙间距达到调速目的,必须配置另外的执行机构或装置来实现气隙间距调节,是一种纯机械的传动轴耦合及调速传动装置,在目前机电一体化技术已非常先进和可靠的背景下,非机电一体化的产品已不能适应高可靠性、高精度、及时跟随、智能化的要求;③由于受永磁耦合工作原理的局限,永磁耦合驱动的效率较低,在磁耦合组件的尺寸、气隙间距、轴转速和转速差确定的条件下,单位体积所能提供的磁转矩功率还比较小、发热量较大,致使超大功率的永磁耦合及调速器的设计制造还受到成本和技术瓶颈的限制;④产品发热部件上的散热技术需要改进,散热技术也是提高永磁耦合装置的单位体积传输功率容量的技术瓶颈,是制造更大功率永磁耦合及调速装置的重要技术保证,是超大功率永磁耦合及调速器能长期安全运行的技术支撑之一,据调查,目前在750转/分条件下,风冷型功率最大只能做到130千瓦左右,在1500转/分条件下,风冷型功率最大只能做到300千瓦左右,其推广应用受到很大局限,其主要原因与散热问题有很大关系;⑤产品中用于调节气隙间距的机械传动机构存在着固有的技术局限和缺点,特别是对于设有两组及两组以上磁耦合转盘或转盘单元的系统,其传动环节多机构多、机构之间有传动空隙、可靠性差、调节执行不够直接、速度较慢等,使得上述产品不能应用于对调速跟随性和调速精度要求较高的场合,如发电厂大型锅炉给水泵的调速场合等;⑥产品不具备智能自动化和智能控制功能,更谈不上对软启动及负载异常运行情况的人性化处理,不能针对不同的负载特性和运行状况进行个性化参数设置,在很多应用场合受到很大局限;⑦由于产品结构单一,在许多应用领域受到局限,目前只在电机拖动领域应用;⑧产品非一体化整机包装运输结构,在产品安装现场还需要较为复杂的部件、组件安装,其结构和部件易受到损伤、损坏,有时还会出现安装事故,危及人身安全,安装质量参差不齐,不能保证整机的质量和技术性能,有必要对产品的结构及其相关联的一体化组装机构进行方案设计,同时从根本上解决安装过程中的人身安全问题,避免安装事故的发生。
本发明人先前的专利200910148103.1中公开了电枢绕组盘与永磁体转盘耦合构成的轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件,通过轴向调节气隙间距达到调节磁扭矩实现调节负载转速的目的。基于本发明人在长期的产品应用和研发实践中对各种永磁耦合组件的深刻认识,结合先进的永磁耦合气隙间距和气隙耦合面积调节机构以及先进的传感器技术、自控和智能化技术,打造一种先进的、新型的、安装更便捷和安全的、系列化的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器技术方案。依据本发明的技术方案可制作成具有不同用途或不同功能的系列产品,以完善和克服目前永磁耦合及调速器产品的上述不足、缺陷以及相关技术瓶颈的限制,可大大提高永磁耦合及调速器产品的单位体积所能提供的扭矩传输或驱动功率,并提高磁扭矩传输或驱动效率、降低发热量,有效解决目前永磁耦合及调速器产品在设计和生产过程中存在的多方面技术问题,在全世界都在努力节能减排、倡导科学发展的背景下,迫切要求对永磁耦合扭矩传输或驱动机理及其技术方案进行革新地构思和重新设计,为更先进、更大功率的永磁耦合及调速器产品提供重要的、核心的技术支撑和技术方案,以满足电机拖动系统领域对先进的、性价比卓越的新型传动轴永磁耦合驱动和调速系列产品的急需。
发明内容
在上述已公知的传动轴永磁耦合驱动或调速技术的基础上,本发明在以下方面进行了创新设计:①给出了系列化的、功能不同的、用于调节磁扭矩大小或调节负载转速的气隙间距调节机构组件的设计思想及其技术方案,这些技术方案有转盘限位机构组件、扭矩传输机构组件、转盘联动机构组件、离心式调节机构组件、无级调节机构组件、自动无级调节机构组件等,它们可单独实施,也可根据实际功能和技术需要选择适配的调节机构组件进行组合实施,为设计系列化的传动轴永磁耦合驱动和调速产品提供技术支撑;②采用先进的散热技术,打破了永磁耦合组件的系统结构布设方面的局限,可使发热部件的散热问题得到高效处理,大大提高了产品单位体积的功率容量,同时降低了产品成本;③采用先进的嵌入式微处理技术、自控技术以及非接触式位移、转速、温度传感器技术和冷却液液位监测技术,给出了具有系统运行监控、软启动模式控制、负载堵转事件处理和转速智能调节功能的智能控制器技术方案,智能控制器与自动调节机构组件相适配,使永磁耦合传动和调速装置成为全自动化智能化的系统,不但产品的可操控性有了飞跃的进步,而且大幅度提高了系统的实时跟随性能,实现了系统运行过程中的全程监控及智能化控制功能,并可针对不同的负载特性和运行状况进行个性化参数设置和控制,满足了各种应用领域的技性能要求;④给出了产品的一体化整机包装运输安装结构方案,为保证安装质量、避免安装事故的发生提供了技术保障。
本发明的具体技术方案如下:
一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,它为转盘型结构,由至少一组轴向磁场永磁耦合组件、至少一副与永磁耦合组件中的主动转盘相适配的主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构和对应的主动轴联轴节、至少一副与永磁耦合组件中的被动永磁耦合转盘相适配的被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构和对应的被动轴联轴节、一副永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构以及一副使系统成一体化整体结构以便包装运输和安装用的一体化组装机构组成,轴向磁场永磁耦合组件为轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件,永磁耦合组件中的主动转盘通过相适配的主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构与对应的主动轴联轴节相联接,永磁耦合组件中的被动永磁耦合转盘通过相适配的被动转盘联轴机构与对应的被动轴联轴节相联接,在主动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构上或者在被动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构上设置适配的永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构,设备出厂包装、运输与安装过程中在主动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构与被动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构之间设置一体化组装机构。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的轴向磁场永磁耦合组件中的两个相互适配的气隙磁场耦合盘呈圆盘或圆环盘平面对立状结构,其中的轴向磁场永磁体盘由圆盘或圆环盘状的永磁体安装盘和相适配的至少一个永磁体或永磁体组构成,一个永磁体组中的相邻永磁体在其圆盘或圆环盘状的安装盘的圆环周上呈轴向N、S极性交错地布设,轴向磁场永磁体盘与适配的轴向磁场电枢绕组盘耦合构成轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由用于安装永磁耦合组件中的主动永磁耦合转盘的机笼壁、机笼端壁、转盘壁、转盘端壁中的至少之一、并与对应的主动轴联轴节相适配连接的部件或联合组件构成,在主动永磁耦合转盘与主动轴联轴节之间由主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构形成连接、支撑、力矩传输和传动结构,所述的被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由用于安装永磁耦合组件中的被动永磁耦合转盘的端壁、端壁上的非圆形轴孔及其轴套、非圆形中心短轴、力矩传输滑杠、中心转盘及其联轴节和中心短轴部件或组件中的至少之一、并与对应的被动轴联轴节相适配连接的部件或联合组件构成,在被动永磁耦合转盘与被动轴联轴节之间由被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构形成连接、支撑、力矩传输和传动结构。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由用于安装永磁耦合组件中的被动永磁耦合转盘的机笼壁、机笼端壁、转盘壁、转盘端壁中的至少之一、并与对应的被动轴联轴节相适配连接的部件或联合组件构成,在被动永磁耦合转盘与被动轴联轴节之间由被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构形成连接、支撑、力矩传输和传动结构,所述的主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由用于安装永磁耦合组件中的主动永磁耦合转盘的端壁、端壁上的非圆形轴孔及其轴套、非圆形中心短轴、力矩传输滑杠、中心转盘及其联轴节和中心短轴部件或组件中的至少之一、并与对应的主动轴联轴节相适配连接的部件或联合组件构成,在主动永磁耦合转盘与主动轴联轴节之间由主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构形成连接、支撑、力矩传输和传动结构。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构为离心式调节机构,它有四种供分别实施的结构,其一是由至少一副门闩式弹簧离心锁机构、被动永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔轴套及相适配的带有限位机构的非圆形中心短轴组件构成,其二是由至少一副门闩式弹簧离心锁机构、中心短轴组件、中心转盘和被动永磁耦合转盘力矩传输滑杠组件构成,其三是由至少一副弹簧离心销、被动永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔轴套及相适配的带有限位机构的非圆形中心短轴组件构成,其四是由至少一副弹簧离心销、中心短轴组件、中心转盘和被动永磁耦合转盘力矩传输滑杠组件构成,弹簧离心销安装在转盘壁上、机笼壁上、中心转盘上、转盘端壁上、非圆形中心短轴上或中心短轴上的适当位置,门闩式弹簧离心锁机构的门闩和弹簧离心锁分别安装在永磁耦合组件的背靠背的两个被动永磁耦合转盘的对应位置或者被动永磁耦合转盘与中心转盘相对应的位置,并设置成能通过传动轴启动或堵转过程中转速状态的不同引起弹簧离心销或弹簧离心锁处于不同限位位置状态而使永磁耦合气隙间距自动进行阶梯式调整的结构。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构为无级调节机构,它有六种供分别实施的结构,其一是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带凸轮槽的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、带与凸轮槽配合的并使其内套或外套做直线位移传动的凸轮和绕轴转动调节杆或调节手柄的凸轮套筒、凸轮套筒的轴隔离轴承及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其二是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带滚动/滑动丝母筒的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、带与丝母筒配合的并使丝母筒做直线位移传动的滚动/滑动丝母筒螺丝和绕轴转动调节杆或调节手柄的丝母套筒、丝母套筒的轴隔离轴承及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其三是由永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联接的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带凸轮槽的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、带与凸轮槽配合的并使其做直线位移传动的凸轮和绕轴转动调节杆或调节手柄的凸轮套筒、凸轮套筒的轴隔离轴承及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其四是由永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联接的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带滚动/滑动丝母筒的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、带与丝母筒配合的并使其做直线位移传动的滚动/滑动丝母筒螺丝和绕轴转动调节杆或调节手柄的丝母套筒、丝母套筒的轴隔离轴承及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其五是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联接的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套,带凸轮、齿条或丝杠螺母的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套,布设在传动轴一侧并与转盘隔离轴承内套或外套对应适配的设置有凸轮直线位移传动机构、齿条直线位移传动机构或者丝杠螺母直线位移传动机构和与其适配的调节杆或调节手柄的驱动机构组件及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其六是由永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联接的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套,带凸轮、齿条或丝杠螺母的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套,布设在传动轴一侧并与转盘隔离轴承内套或外套对应适配的设置有凸轮直线位移传动机构、齿条直线位移传动机构或者丝杠螺母直线位移传动机构和与其适配的调节杆或调节手柄的驱动机构组件及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,所述的背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构有五种供分别实施的结构,之一是滚动/滑动丝杠副结构,它由至少一副转盘联动滚动/滑动丝杠、转盘端壁上的联动滚动/滑动螺母及相适配的中心转盘上的滚动/滑动丝杠副支撑轴承构成,之二是转盘联动圆柱形或条型齿条齿轮副结构,它由至少一副相对固定在背靠背相邻转盘端壁上的齿条、对应适配的齿条过孔及中心转盘上的齿条齿轮副传动齿轮组件构成,之三是横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆副结构,它由至少一副固定在两个转盘端壁上的凸轮、安装在中心转盘上的两端设置有凸轮槽的并与转盘端壁上的凸轮相适配的横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆构成,之四是纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉副结构,它由至少一副固定在转盘端壁上的滑槽或滑杆、安装在中心转盘上的两端设置有滑动凸轮或杆孔并与转盘端壁上的滑槽或滑杆相适配的纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉构成,之五是转盘力矩传输滑杠结构,它由至少一副固定安装在中心转盘上的转盘力矩传输滑杠及与其滑杠相适配的转盘端壁上的滑孔及滑孔轴套构成,所述的非圆形中心短轴有两种供分别实施的结构,一种是通体均为非圆形结构轴,另一种是两节结构,其中一节是用于安装永磁耦合转盘的非圆形轴,另一节是圆形轴,所述的摆动支架安装在系统地基、系统基座或系统支架与转盘隔离轴承相适配的内套或外套之间,所述的固定式支撑架安装在系统地基、系统基座或系统支架与传动轴隔离轴承或伺服电机之间。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构为自动无级调节机构,它由无级调节结构、伺服电机及其相关联机构、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,有九种供分别实施的结构,其一是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带凸轮槽的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与凸轮槽配合的并使其内套或外套做直线位移传动的凸轮套筒轴、驱动凸轮套筒轴做旋转运动的筒型或盘环型旋转伺服电机、伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件,其二是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带滚动/滑动丝母筒的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与丝母筒配合的并使丝母筒做直线位移传动的滚动/滑动丝母筒螺丝、驱动丝母筒螺丝做旋转运动的筒型或盘环型旋转伺服电机、伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其三是由转盘非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带凸轮槽的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与凸轮槽配合的并使其内套或外套做直线位移传动的凸轮套筒轴、驱动凸轮套筒轴做旋转运动的筒型或盘环型旋转伺服电机、伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其四是由转盘非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带滚动/滑动丝母筒的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与丝母筒配合的并使丝母筒做直线位移传动的滚动/滑动丝母筒螺丝、驱动丝母筒螺丝做旋转运动的筒型或盘环型旋转伺服电机、伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其五由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带与直线伺服电机输出筒轴联接螺孔和螺丝的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套相适配联接螺孔并与之相联接使其做直线位移传动的直线运动筒轴、驱动筒轴做直线运动的筒型或盘环型直线伺服电机、直线伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其六由转盘非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带与直线伺服电机输出筒轴联接螺孔和螺丝的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套相适配的联接螺孔并与之相联接使其做直线位移传动的直线运动筒、驱动筒轴作直线运动的筒型或盘环型直线伺服电机、直线伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其七是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套,带凸轮、齿条或丝杠螺母的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套,布设在传动轴一侧并与转盘隔离轴承内套或外套对应适配的设置有使凸轮直线位移传动机构、使齿条直线位移传动机构或者使丝杠螺母直线位移传动机构的直线伺服电机、旋转伺服电机或直交轴旋转伺服电机、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其八是由转盘非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套,带凸轮、齿条或丝杠螺母的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套,布设在传动轴一侧并与转盘隔离轴承内套或外套对应适配的设置有使凸轮直线位移传动机构、使齿条直线位移传动机构或者使丝杠螺母直线位移传动机构的直线伺服电机、旋转伺服电机或直交轴式伺服电机、控制器适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其九是由所述无级调节机构分别与外部适配的并独立设置的传统型的执行机构及其相配的控制器构成,无级调节机构中的调节杆或调节手柄与适配的执行机构的输出机构相联接,所述的背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构有五种供分别实施的结构,之一是滚动/滑动丝杠副结构,它由至少一副转盘联动滚动/滑动丝杠、转盘端壁上的联动滚动/滑动螺母及相适配的中心转盘上的滚动/滑动丝杠副支撑轴承构成,之二是转盘联动圆柱形或条型齿条齿轮副结构,它由至少一副相对固定在背靠背相邻转盘端壁上的齿条、对应适配的齿条过孔及中心转盘上的齿条齿轮副传动齿轮组件构成,之三是横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆副结构,它由至少一副固定在两个转盘端壁上的凸轮、安装在中心转盘上的两端设置有凸轮槽的并与转盘端壁上的凸轮相适配的横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆构成,之四是纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉副结构,它由至少一副固定在转盘端壁上的滑槽或滑杆、安装在中心转盘上的两端设置有滑动凸轮或杆孔并与转盘端壁上的滑槽或滑杆相适配的纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉构成,之五是转盘力矩传输滑杠结构,它由至少一副固定安装在中心转盘上的转盘力矩传输滑杠及与其滑杠相适配的转盘端壁上的滑孔及滑孔轴套构成,所述的非圆形中心短轴有两种供分别实施的结构,一种是通体均为非圆形结构轴,另一种是两节结构,其中一节是用于安装永磁耦合转盘的非圆形轴,另一节是圆形轴,所述的摆动支架安装在系统地基、系统基座或系统支架与转盘隔离轴承相适配的内套或外套之间,所述的固定式支撑架安装在系统地基、系统基座或系统支架与传动轴隔离轴承或伺服电机之间,所述控制器为刻度盘型控制器、数显控制器或智能控制器,刻度盘型控制器由控制刻度盘、控制旋钮或按键、控制器输入输出接口、电机电源单元、电机控制单元、PLC可编程控制器接口单元及其相适配的控制电路和外围单路、电源开关、电源保险及控制器外壳组成,数显控制器由嵌入式微处理器单元、显示器单元、操作键盘单元、控制器输入输出接口、电机电源单元、控制器电源电路单元、电源开关、电源保险及控制器外壳组成,智能控制器由嵌入式微处理器、显示器单元、操作键盘单元、至少一路且至少一种传感器及其适配的输入接口、至少一路开关量输入/输出接口单元、至少一路模拟量输入/输出接口单元、至少一个或至少一种通用或非标数据通讯接口单元、电机电源单元、控制器电源电路单元、电源开关、电源保险及控制器外壳等构成,传感器有四种供配用,第一种是用于直接或间接检测永磁耦合气隙间距的位移传感器,第二种是用于检测主动或被动传动轴转速的传感器,第三种是用于传感永磁耦合组件温度的温度传感器,第四种是用于传感冷却水水位的液位传感器,通用或非标数据通讯接口单元有485接口、现场总线接口、互联网接口、局域网接口、无线通讯接口或专用非标接口,用于所述各种传感器获取的状态信息采集和处理、操作键盘输入命令处理、显示器输出信息处理、伺服电机电源时序和幅值处理及所述各种接口单元输入输出信息处理并完成系统数据计算、事件分析处理和数据存储的嵌入式微处理器单元分别通过相应数据总线与所述各对应单元端口相接驳,控制器电源电路为控制器中的每个电路单元提供工作电源并与相应单元的电源输入端相接驳,受控于嵌入式微处理器单元并为伺服电机提供相适配伺服驱动电源的伺服电机电源的控制线通过数据总线与嵌入式微处理器单元的相应端口相接驳。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的永磁耦合组件的非永磁体转盘的非气隙磁场耦合的一侧和/或与永磁耦合组件相联接的发热部件、发热机构或发热组件上安装、固定、制作或配装相适合的散热器、散热片、旋转热导管散热器、水冷组件或组合式综合技术散热组件,或者在发热部件或组件上制作设置、镶嵌、焊接、嵌入或置入旋转热导管的吸热段,通过旋转热导管的输送段把热量引出到装置外部适当位置设置的旋转热导管冷却段进行散热处理,旋转热导管冷却段上设置散热片、散热器或水冷组件,组合式综合技术散热组件是采用三种既风冷技术部件、旋转热导管技术组件和水冷技术系统之中至少含有其中两种技术结构的综合散热组件,在对应于散热器或散热片的散热通风通道部件上设置通风口、风孔或散热介质路径。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的一体化组装机构,是指本装置出场调试和测试之后安装的并在本装置出厂包装、运输与安装过程中安装在主动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构与被动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构之间的便于整体包装、运输和安装的一体化组装机构,它有五种供分别实施的结构,其一是设置在主动轴一侧的主动转盘端壁与被动转盘端壁组件之间的一体化组装用螺杆组件,其二是设置在主动轴一侧的主动转盘端壁与中心短轴组件或非圆形中心短轴之间的一体化组装用螺杆组件,其三是是设置在主动转盘壁或机笼壁与被动转盘壁组件与主动转盘壁之间的一体化组装用螺杆组件,其四是设置在被动轴一侧的被动转盘/转端壁组件与主动转盘端壁之间的一体化组装用螺杆组件,其五是设置在被动轴一侧的中心短轴组件或非圆形中心短轴与主动转盘端壁或转盘壁之间的一体化组装用“螺杆联接帽”式组件,在输入联轴器及其相连接的部件与输出联轴器及其相连的部件之间用一体化组装机构组件联接固定起来,在设备安装之收尾工作过程中且设备运行调试之前再逐一替代或卸掉一体化组装机构组件。
如上所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,本装置的外部设置有防尘罩或设置具有安全防护和防止磁场泄露的机笼或机壳,它们只与本装置最外部的、主动转盘部分和被动转盘部分其中之一相联接的组件相联接,或者与适配的散热组件或散热系统融合为一体式结构,或者把机笼、机壳或防尘罩设置或融合在另外给本装置、电机或负载设置的基座或基架、支架或支座上,支架或支座为卧式结构或者立式结构。
本发明中,所采用的轴向磁场永磁耦合组件的具体结构及其布设方案在上述公开资料中(中国专利200910148103.1)已有详细阐述,本案中就不再做详细说明,本案主要是构建与永磁耦合气隙磁场的气隙间距调节机构相关的技术方案、自动调节控制和智能控制技术方案、系统散热技术方案以及便于本发明装置进行整体包装、运输和安装的一体化组装机构的技术方案,并对一些典型的、有代表性的或能说明方案设计思想的具体技术方案进行了具体实施例说明。
为实现本发明的目的,依据本发明的技术方案,在保持永磁耦合及调速技术所具有的前述十多项优点的前提下,克服和解决目前公知技术中存在的不足、缺陷和问题,设计一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,它必将为永磁耦合及调速装置的系列产品带来巨大的、飞跃式的技术进步。
附图说明
图 1为实施例1在安装有一体化组装机构时的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图 2为实施例1在去掉一体化组装机构并处于堵转卸载状态下的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图 3为实施例1的非圆形中心短轴右视图;
图 4为实施例2在软启动状态下的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图 5为实施例2在被动轴堵转卸载状态下的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图 6为实施例3安装有一体化组装机构并处于最大气隙间距时的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图 7为实施例3卸换掉一体化组装机构并处于最小气隙间距时的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图 8为实施例4的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图 9为实施例4的非圆形中心短轴右视图;
图10为实施例5处于最大气隙间距时的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图11为实施例5在图10所示状态基础上转盘旋转90度并处于最小气隙间距时的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图12为实施例6的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图13为实施例6的中心短轴右视图;
图14为实施例7的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图15为实施例7的智能控制器原理及组成框图;
图16为实施例8的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图17为实施例8的非圆形中心短轴右视图;
图18为实施例9的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图19为实施例9的非圆形中心短轴右视图;
图20为实施例10的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图21为图20中的横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆副的俯视结构示意图;
图22为实施例11的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图23为实施例12的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图24为实施例12的非圆形中心短轴右视图;
图25为实施例13的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;
图26为实施例13的非圆形中心短轴右视图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1、图2和图3所示,它是由两个被动转盘和一个主动转盘(70)构成的转盘型结构的永磁联轴器。主动转盘的端壁(80、81)上分别设有轴向磁场电枢绕组盘(1、2)、被动转盘(60、61)的端壁上分别设有轴向磁场永磁体盘(35、36),它们分别对应耦合构成两个轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件(401、402);气隙间距调节机构为离心式调节机构,它由四方形中心短轴(125)、设置在被动转盘的端壁(60、61)上的四方形轴孔及其轴套(135、136)、设置在主动转盘壁(72)的内圆周面(77)上的弹簧离心销(172、173),设置在四方形中心短轴(125)上的转盘限位销(180、181、182)组成,在轴向磁场电枢绕组盘(1、2)的外侧分别设置转盘散热器(260、261),在主动转盘端壁(82、70)上设有散热风孔(264);主动转盘壁(72)与机笼壁(280)合二为一,主动转盘端壁(82、70)与机笼端壁(284)合二为一;在被动转盘端壁(60、61)之间以轴对称地安装复合缓冲延迟弹簧(300、301);一体化组装机构由轴向永磁耦合组件的转盘之间设置的一体化组装螺孔及螺栓(315、 317)组成,在系统出厂调试之后包装之前安装上,在设备安装过程的最后阶段再逐一卸掉即完成了一体化组装机构的使命,它不影响系统结构和系统功能,图2所示给出了卸掉一体化组装机构后、工作在被动轴堵转时刻卸载状态下的工作原理及结构剖切示意图;主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由主动转盘壁(72)、主动转盘端壁(82、70)构成,主动转盘端壁(82、70)与主动轴联轴节(310)相联接;被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由被动转盘端壁(60、61)、端壁(60、61)上的四方形轴轴孔及其轴套(135、136)、四方形中心短轴(125)及其上的转盘限位销(180、181、182)组成,四方形中心短轴(125)的外端与适配的被动轴联轴节(311)相联接。
本实例的工作原理:在主动轴启动并带动主动转盘(70)过程中,永磁耦合组件的转盘之间产生扭矩,主动转盘带动被动转盘旋转,被动转盘带动四方形中心短轴(125)旋转;与此同时,弹簧离心销(172、173)因转速从0开始升速,离心销处于弹出状态,此时由于永磁耦合组件中的转盘之间的转速差较大,转盘之间会产生排斥力,既两个被动转盘在各自轴向永磁耦合组件(401、402)中的转盘间排斥力的作用下,推动被动转盘端壁(60、61)促使轴向气隙间距增大,但又被弹簧离心销(172、173)限位,形成气隙间距受限制或自动分级限位的脱开,随着启动过程的延续,永磁耦合组件中的转盘之间的转速差逐渐缩小,排斥力变成吸引力,两个被动转盘在各自轴向永磁耦合组件(401、402)中的转盘间吸引力的作用下,拉动被动转盘端壁(60、61)促使轴向气隙间距变小,并受到限位销(180、182)的限位或设定气隙间距一直以设定的转速运行下去,此时弹簧离心销(172、173)因转速大而使离心销处于非限位状态,同时在被动转盘端壁(60、61)之间安装用压簧和拉簧制作而成的复合缓冲延迟弹簧(300、301)还可延缓气隙间距的调节速度,达到缓慢软启动的目的;图2所示,当被动轴出现堵转时,轴向永磁耦合组件中的转盘之间的转速差迅速变得最大,轴向永磁耦合组件(401、402)中的转盘间吸引力迅速变成排斥力,推动被动转盘端壁(60、61)在四方形中心短轴(125)滑动,促使轴向气隙间距迅速而且不受弹簧离心销(172、173)的限制达到最大,起到迅速或紧急卸载的目的;当随后堵转现象消失时,由于主动轴向磁场电枢绕组盘(1、2)一直保持匀速在转动,排斥力会逐渐变成吸引力,系统会自动进行一个软启动过程,从而达到容许堵转或容忍脉冲负载的目的;自然风冷转盘散热器(260、261)是为轴向磁场电枢绕组盘(1、2)进行散热处理而设置,以保证系统能正常工作。
需要指出的是,本实施例也包括把实施例中的主动轴与被动轴进行倒置或互换地反向使用,倒置或互换后的本发装置可正常工作,这一点适用于本发明的所有技术方案和实施例。
特别指出:本发明中的非圆形中心短轴可以是四方形、五边形、六边形、花形轴或花键轴(花键轴也是对非圆形传动轴的传统称谓),凡是能滑动且传输扭矩的、轴对称的、有边棱的几何形状的轴均可用作非圆形中心短轴,本案中只选用最简单的四方形中心短轴只是作示例说明而已。
实施例2
如图4和图5所示,它是由两个被动转盘和一个主动转盘(570)构成的转盘型结构的永磁联轴器。主动转盘的端壁(580、581)上分别设有轴向磁场电枢绕组盘(510、511)、被动转盘的端壁(560、561)上分别设有轴向磁场永磁体盘(535、536),它们分别对应耦合构成两个轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件;气隙间距调节机构为离心式调节机构,它由转盘力矩传输滑杠(666,667),被动转盘的端壁(560、561)上的滑杠孔及其轴套(563、564)、设在中心转盘(590)上的两副弹簧离心销(672、673)和设在被动永磁耦合转盘与中心转盘相对应位置的两副门闩式弹簧离心锁机构(674、675)以及设置在转盘力矩传输滑杠(666,667)端部的限位螺母(685、686)组成;主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由主动转盘壁(572)和主动转盘端壁(570)构成,主动转盘端壁(570)与主动轴联轴节(810)相联接;被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由被动转盘端壁(560、561)、端壁(560、561)上的滑杠孔及其轴套(563、564)、转盘力矩传输滑杠(666,667)、中心转盘(590)、中心转盘联轴器(593)及中心短轴(620)构成,中心短轴(620)的外端与适配的被动轴联轴节(811)相联接;在轴向磁场电枢绕组盘(510、511)的外侧分别设置转盘散热器(760、761)和散热风孔(763、764),转盘散热器也可以是冲压成型的、与转盘端壁成一体的凸起筋、凸起条或风叶;为了简化示意图,图中未给出设置在主动轴联轴节(810)和主动转盘端壁(570)与被动转盘的端壁(561)之间的一体化组装机构,它由适配的螺孔及长螺栓组成,在系统出厂调试之后包装之前安装上,在设备安装过程的最后阶段再逐一用适配的短螺丝替换掉即完成了一体化组装机构的使命,它不影响系统结构和系统功能;当然,在被动转盘端壁(560、561)之间也可安装用压簧和拉簧制作而成的复合缓冲延迟弹簧以延缓气隙间距的调节速度,达到缓慢软启动的目的。
本实例的工作原理:本实施例给出了另一种弹簧离心销(672、673)和一种门闩式弹簧离心锁机构(674、675)两种实现气隙间距调节的离心式调节机构,在产品设计中只选用一种结构即可,这里主要是想说明技术方案的多样性,它们均是利用启动状态下或堵转状态下,不同的离心力的作用,使它们自动具有两个气隙间距限位位置,其工作原理与实施例1类同。另外还有两点与实施例1不同之处:一是采用了“转盘力矩传输滑杠---中心转盘---中心短轴”结构的被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构;二是设置一体化组装机构的部件和位置不同。
实施例3
如图6和图7所示,它与实施例2一样,由两个被动转盘和一个主动转盘构成的转盘型结构的永磁联轴器,轴向磁场电枢绕组盘(1001、1002)与轴向磁场永磁体盘(1035、1036)分别相耦合构成轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件(1001和1035、1002和1036)以背靠背布设;主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由机笼壁(1280)和机笼端壁(1284)构成,机笼端壁(1284)与主动轴联轴节(1310)相联接;被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由转盘端壁(1060、1061)、转盘端壁上的滚动丝杠副螺母(1154、1155)、滚动丝杠副丝杠(1152、1153)、图中未示出的转盘端壁(1060、1061)上的滑杠孔及其轴套和转盘力矩传输滑杠、中心转盘(1090)、中心转盘联轴器(1093)及中心短轴(1120)构成,中心短轴(1120)的外端与适配的被动轴联轴节(1311)相联接;气隙间距调节机构为无级调节机构,它由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴(1120)、转盘隔离轴承(1201)、与相适配转盘端壁(1060)相联的转盘隔离轴承外套(1202)、带凸轮槽(1204)的转盘隔离轴承内套(1203)、带有与凸轮槽(1204)配合的并使其内套(1203)做直线位移传动的凸轮(1206)和绕轴转动调节杆(1207)的凸轮套筒(1205)、凸轮套筒(1205)的轴隔离轴承(1208)及安装在转盘隔离轴承内套(1203)与地基之间的摆动支架(1477)组件构成,其中的背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构是滚动丝杠副结构,它由轴对称的两副转盘联动滚动丝杠副丝杠(1152、1153)、转盘端壁上的滚动丝杠副螺母(1154、1155)及相适配的中心转盘(1090)上的滚动丝杠副支撑轴承(1101)构成;一体化组装机构由设置在主动联轴节(1310)与中心转盘(1090)之间对应适配的螺孔及长螺栓(1316、1315)组成,在系统出厂调试之后包装之前安装上,在设备安装过程的最后阶段再逐一用适配的短螺丝(1317)替换掉长螺栓(1315)即完成了一体化组装机构的使命,它不影响系统结构和系统功能;设有转盘散热器(1260、1261)及散热风孔(1263、1264)。
本实例的工作原理与实施例1和2的工作原理不同之处在于,气隙间距调节机构采用无级调节机构取代了实施例1和2中的离心式调节机构所发生的工作原理变化。当转动调节杆(1207)时,带动凸轮套筒(1205)转动,凸轮套筒(1205)上的凸轮(1206)与转盘隔离轴承内套(1203)上的凸轮槽(1204)配合并使转盘隔离轴承内套(1203)做直线位移传动,转盘隔离轴承内套(1203)带动转盘隔离轴承(1201)、转盘隔离轴承外套(1202)及转盘端壁(1060)做直线位移传动,转盘端壁(1060)上的滚动丝杠副螺母(1154)带动滚动丝杠副丝杠(1152)转动,由于每副滚动丝杠副上的两段丝杠(1152、1153)呈反向螺纹设计,滚动丝杠副丝杠(1152、1153)在中心转盘(1090)上的滚动丝杠副支撑轴承(1101)的支撑下,滚动丝杠副丝杠(1153)带动转盘端壁(1061)上的滚动丝杠副螺母(1155)及其转盘端壁(1061)做相向或相反方向的直线位移运动,使背靠背设置的永磁耦合组件中的气隙磁场间距同时得到相同的调节,从而达到无级调节磁扭矩和负载转速的目的。摆动支架(1477)一方面对气隙调节机构起到定位防止转动并跟随转盘隔离轴承内套(1203)做直线位移摆动,另一方面对被动转盘系统起到支撑作用。
特别指出,本发明中类似于转盘隔离轴承内套(1203)上的凸轮槽(1204)与凸轮套筒(1205)上的凸轮(1206)配合均呈对应适配设置,并且在转盘隔离轴承内套(1203)和凸轮套筒(1205)上可轴心对称地设置多副“凸轮槽---凸轮”传动机构,以便可靠、顺畅工作。
实施例4
如图8和图9所示,它是由以“轴向磁场电枢绕组盘---轴向磁场永磁体盘”依次顺序布设三组轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件(1501和1535、1502和1536、1503和1537)构成的转盘型结构的永磁联轴器。主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由主动转盘壁(1572),主动转盘端壁(1570)构成,主动转盘端壁(1570)与主动轴联轴节(1810)相联接;被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由转盘端壁(1560、1561、1562)、转盘端壁上的四方轴轴孔(1630、1631、1632)及其一体化转盘四方轴轴套(1638)及四方形中心短轴(1625)构成,四方形中心短轴(1625)的外端与适配的被动轴联轴节(1811)相联接;气隙间距调节机构为无级调节机构,它由被动转盘端壁(1560、1561、1562)、一体化转盘四方轴轴套(1638)、安装在四方形中心短轴(1625)左端位置的限位销(1682)、四方形中心短轴(1625)的四方形段(1627)和圆形段(1626)、转盘隔离轴承(1701)、一体化转盘四方轴轴套(1638)与相联的转盘隔离轴承外套(1702)、带凸轮槽(1704)的并安装在圆形段(1626)上的转盘隔离轴承内套(1703)、带有与凸轮槽(1704)配合的并使其内套(1703)做直线位移传动的凸轮(1706)和绕轴转动调节杆(1707)的凸轮套筒(1705)及凸轮套筒(1705)的轴隔离轴承(1708)构成; 在最左边的电枢绕组盘(1503)的端壁背面上设置风叶散热器(1760),在电枢绕组盘(1501、1502)的端壁背面适配地嵌入和设置转盘组合式综合技术散热组件(1777和1775、1778和1776),它由旋转热导管(1777、1778)和相适配的散热片(1775、1776)构成,每一根旋转热导管的吸热段分别粘贴或嵌入发热转盘壁上,通过输送段把热量引到主动转盘外侧,在旋转热导管的冷却段分别设置散热片(1775、1776)以便更有效散热。
本实例的工作原理与实施3相比较不同之处在于,其一是采用了转盘型结构,使系统结构更简单;其二是无级调节机构采用非圆形中心短轴结构,也使气隙间距调节机构的结构更简单、可靠。当转动调节杆(1707)时,带动凸轮套筒(1705)在四方形中心短轴(1625)的圆形段(1626)上转动,凸轮套筒(1705)上的凸轮(1706)与安装在圆形段(1626)上的转盘隔离轴承内套(1703)上的凸轮槽(1704)配合并使转盘隔离轴承内套(1703)在圆形段(1626)上做直线位移传动,转盘隔离轴承内套(1703)带动转盘隔离轴承(1701)、转盘隔离轴承外套(1702)做相应的直线位移传动,并带动转盘端壁(1560、1561、1562)在四方形中心短轴(1625)的四方形段(1627)上做相应的直线位移滑动,永磁耦合组件中的气隙磁场间距同时得到相应的调节,从而达到无级调节磁扭矩和负载转速的目的;限位销(1682)可用来设定和限制最小气隙间距的作用。同时转盘端壁(1560、1561、1562)与四方形中心短轴(1625)的四方形段(1627)之间还具有扭矩传输功能,实现被动转盘带动四方形中心短轴转动的目的。
实施例5
如图10和图11所示,大体上与实施例3相同,参见实施例3,二者不同之处在于气隙间距调节机构中的转盘隔离轴承内套及使其做直线位移传动的机构有所不同,本实施例的气隙间距调节机构为自动无级调节机构,它的转盘隔离轴承内套设计为带安装螺孔和螺丝(2214)的隔离轴承内套(2213),使隔离轴承内套(2213)做直线位移传动的机构设计成由套装在中心短轴(2120)上的盘型直线伺服电机(2215)及其筒形输出轴(2216)、筒形输出轴(2216)的内轴套(2219)、筒形输出轴(2216)内轴套(2219)的隔离轴承(2217、2218)以及直线伺服电机(2215)控制器(2480)构成,隔离轴承内套(2213)通过安装螺孔和螺丝(2214)与盘型直线伺服电机(2215)的筒形输出轴(2216)相联接;在直线伺服电机(2215)与本装置的地基之间设置有固定式支撑架(2478),固定式支撑架(2478)能把气隙间距和耦合面积调节机构,整体支撑着而且不影响永磁耦合组件、气隙间距和耦合面积调节机构和中心短轴或非圆形中心短轴正常工作,固定式支撑架(2478)还对被动转盘系统机构起到支撑和固定的作用;支撑架(2478)上设置有控制器(2480),控制器(2480)由控制刻度盘(2481)、控制旋钮(2482)、控制器输入输出接口(2483)构成,控制器内部还包含电机电源单元、电机控制单元或PLC可编程控制器及其相适配的外围器件和组件等;本实施例是一种全自动刻度盘式永磁耦合调速装置,控制器(2480)在设定操作下为直线伺服电机(2215)提供电源和控制信号,直线伺服电机(2215)驱动输出筒形轴(2216)做直线位移传动,带动隔离轴承内套(2213)做直线位移传动,从而达到无级调节磁扭矩和负载转速的目的;固定式支撑架(2478)还对被动转盘系统机构起到支撑和固定的作用。图11中还给出了转盘力矩传输滑杠(2166和2167)及其对应转盘上的过孔(2165),安装到转盘(2060、2061)上、滑杠轴孔及其轴套(2169、2168)设置到中心转盘(2090)上的一种设计方案,而且它的长短可根据需求进行设计。
实施例6
如图12和图13所示,大体上与实施例3相同,参见实施例3,二者不同之处在于气隙间距调节机构中的转盘隔离轴承内套及使其做直线位移传动的机构有所不同,本实施例的气隙间距调节机构为自动无级调节机构,它的转盘隔离轴承内套设计为带内滚动丝筒(2724)的隔离轴承内套(2713),使隔离轴承内套(2713)做直线位移传动的机构设计成由套装在中心短轴(2620)上的盘型旋转伺服电机(2725)及其输出筒形转轴(2726)、输出筒形转轴(2726)的外端部设置有与隔离轴承内套(2713)上的内滚动丝筒(2724)相适配的外滚珠丝筒(2729)、筒形输出轴(2726)的隔离轴承(2727)以及旋转伺服电机(2725)控制器(2980)构成,隔离轴承内套(2713)通过其上的内滚动丝筒(2724)与盘型旋转伺服电机(2725)的筒形输出转轴(2726)上的外滚珠丝筒(2729)相啮合联接;在旋转伺服电机(2725)与本装置的地基之间设置有固定式支撑架(2978),支撑架(2978)上设置有旋转伺服电机(2725)控制器(2980),控制器(2980)由数字显示单元(2984)、键盘单元(2985)、控制器输入输出接口(2983)、控制器外壳等组成,控制器(2980)内部还包含电机电源单元、电机控制单元或嵌入式单片机系统单元等;本实施例是一种全自动数字式永磁耦合调速装置,控制器(2980)在设定操作下为旋转伺服电机(2725)提供电源和控制信号,旋转伺服电机(2725)驱动输出筒形转轴(2726)做旋转传动,通过滚动丝筒副(2729、2724)带动隔离轴承内套(2713)做直线位移传动,从而达到无级调节磁扭矩和负载转速的目的;固定式支撑架(2978)还对被动转盘系统机构起到支撑和固定的作用。
实施例7
如图14和图15所示,基本上与实施例5相同,二者不同之处在于气隙间距调节机构中的背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构的不同,本实施例中采用的是转盘联动圆柱形齿条齿轮副结构,它由两副相对固定在背靠背相邻转盘端壁(3060、3061)上的齿条(3153和3154、3155和3156)、对应适配的齿条过孔(3157、3158)及中心转盘(3090)上的齿条齿轮副传动齿轮(3115、3116)组件构成,当转盘隔离轴承外套(3212)及转盘端壁(3060)在直线伺服电机(3215)驱动下做直线位移传动时,带动转盘端壁(3060)上的齿条(3153、3155)也做相应的直线位移传动,齿条(3153、3155)分别带动传动齿轮(3115、3116)转动,传动齿轮(3115、3116)再分别带动转盘端壁(3061)上的齿条(3154、3156)及其转盘端壁(3061)做相向或相反方向的直线位移运动,使背靠背设置的永磁耦合组件中的气隙磁场间距同时得到相同的调节,从而达到无级调节磁扭矩和负载轴或负载转速的目的。本实施例的其它机械系统的工作原理和结构阐述参见实施例5,只不过相对应的部件标号增加1000即可。
另外,本实施例是一种全自动智能型永磁调速装置。在直线伺服电机(3215)与本装置的地基之间设置有固定式支撑架(3478),支撑架(3478)上设置有智能控制器(3480),从外部看智能控制器(3480),它由图文显示器单元(3484)、键盘单元(3485)、输入输出接口组件(3492)、传感器及控制接线端子(3494)等构成,如图15所示为智能控制器(3480)的电路构成及工作原理框图,它由嵌入式微处理器单元、图文显示器单元、键盘单元、位移传感器及其接口单元、主动轴转速传感器及其接口单元、被动轴转速传感器及其接口单元、用于监测发热转盘或部件温度的温度传感器及其接口单元、冷却液位传感器接口单元、多路开关量输入输出接口单元、多路模拟量输入输出接口单元、通用或非标数据通讯接口组件、传感器及控制接线端子单元、电机电源单元、控制器电源电路及控制器外壳等构成,控制器电源电路为控制器中的每个电路单元提供工作电源,电机电源单元为适配的伺服电机提供驱动电源和控制信号;嵌入式微处理器通过对上述直接的或间接的系统工作状态传感信号和数据的采集、计算和分析,结合存储的系统参数和历史数据、实时操作命令和接口通讯数据,使智能控制器具有系统自检、工作状态自学习和自适应、工作状态实时监控、事件获取及应急处理、故障报警及人性化的人机操作界面等功能,控制和驱动适配的伺服电机智能化工作,使永磁调速装置成为先进的、鲁棒化的、智能化的传动轴耦合驱动和调速系统。
实施例8
如图16和图17所示,它是由以“轴向磁场电枢绕组盘---轴向磁场永磁体盘”依次顺序布设三组轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件(3501和3535、3502和3536、3503和3537)构成的转盘型结构的永磁联轴器。主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由主动转盘壁(3572),主动转盘端壁(3570)构成,主动转盘端壁(3570)与主动轴联轴节(3810)相联接;被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由转盘端壁(3560、3561、3562)、转盘端壁上的四方轴轴孔(3630、3631、3632)及其一体化转盘四方轴轴套(3638)及四方形中心短轴(3625)构成,四方形中心短轴(3625)的外端与适配的被动轴联轴节(3811)相联接;气隙间距调节机构为自动无级调节机构,它由四方中心短轴(3625)、转盘隔离轴承(3711)、做成一体化的并套装在四方中心短轴(3625)四方形段(3627)上的转盘四方轴轴套(3638、3712)、带电机轴联接安装孔(3714)的隔离轴承内套(3713)、设置在四方中心短轴(3625)上方一侧的直线伺服电机(3715)及智能控制器(3980)构成,直线伺服电机(3715)的输出拉杆轴(3716)与隔离轴承内套(3713)相联接,直线伺服电机(3715)安装在固定支撑架(3978)上,隔离轴承外套(3712)与地基之间设置左右摆动式支撑架/杆(3977),直线伺服电机(3715)和固定式支撑架(3978)与中心短轴圆形段(3626)之间由隔离轴承(3717)进行隔离,固定支撑架(3978)的中部适当位置设置有智能控制器(3980),智能控制器(3980)的原理及组成同实施例7上;在最左边的电枢绕组盘(3503)的端壁背面上设置风叶散热器(3760),在电枢绕组盘(3501、3502)的端壁背面适配地嵌入和设置转盘组合式综合技术散热组件(3777和3775、3778和3776),它由旋转热导管(3777、1778)和相适配的散热片(3775、3776)构成,每一根旋转热导管的吸热段分别粘贴或嵌入发热转盘壁上,通过输送段把热量引到主动转盘外侧,在旋转热导管的冷却段分别设置散热片(3775、3776)以便更有效散热,特别是旋转热导管可大大提高散热效率,同时可把不方便安装散热组件的热量引到适合散热的地方进行散热处理;图16是本实施例拆卸掉一体化组装机构的剖切示意图。气隙间距调节机构的工作原理:控制器控制并驱动直线伺服电机(3715)工作,伺服电机的输出轴(3716)做左右直线运动,输出轴(3716)带动隔离轴承内套(3713)在中心短轴圆形段(3626)上左右滑动,同时带动转盘隔离轴承(3711)和一体化的隔离轴承外套(3712)在四方中心短轴(3625)四方形段(3627)上左右滑动,隔离轴承外套(3712)带动永磁体转盘(3535、3536、3537)做相应的左右位移、永磁耦合组件中的气隙磁场间距得到相应的调节,从而达到无级调节磁扭矩和负载轴或负载转速的目的;在工作过程中永磁体转盘(3535、3536、3537)通过一体化的隔离轴承外套(3712)与四方中心短轴(3625)的四方形段(3627)适配完成磁扭矩传输功能。本实施例的气隙间距调整机构采用的是直线伺服电机和推拉杆传动机构。
实施例9
如图18和图19所示,它是一转盘型结构的永磁联轴器,设置有由轴向磁场电枢绕组盘(4001、4002、4003)与轴向磁场永磁体盘(4035、4036、4037)分别相耦合构成三组轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件;三个被动转盘端壁(4060、4061、4062)上的非圆形轴轴孔轴套(4130、4131、4132)和隔离轴承内套做成一体化隔离轴承内套(4138);在电枢绕组盘(4003)的端壁背面上设置风叶散热器(4260),在电枢绕组盘(4001、4002)的端壁背面适配地嵌入和设置转盘组合式综合技术散热组件(4277和4275、4278和4276),它由旋转热导管(4277、4278)和相适配的散热片(4275、4276)构成,每一根旋转热导管的吸热段分别粘贴或嵌入发热转盘壁上,通过输送段把热量引到主动转盘外侧,在旋转热导管的冷却段分别设置散热片(4275、4276)以便更有效散热;气隙磁场的气隙间距调节机构的工作原理:控制器控制并驱动旋转伺服电机(4215)工作,伺服电机的滚动/滑动丝杠输出轴(4216)做正反旋转运动,滚动/滑动丝杠输出轴(4216)与隔离轴承外套(4213)上设置的滚动/滑动丝杠螺母适配传动,带动隔离轴承外套(4213)左右滑动,同时带动转盘隔离轴承(4211)和一体化隔离轴承内套(4138)在四方中心短轴(4125)四方形段(4127)上左右滑动,一体化隔离轴承内套(4138)带动三个永磁体盘(4035、4036、4037)做相应的左右位移,永磁耦合组件中的气隙磁场间距得到相应的调节,从而达到无级调节磁扭矩和负载轴或负载转速的目的;在工作过程中永磁体盘(4035、4036、4037)通过一体化隔离轴承内套(4138)与四方中心短轴(4125)的四方形段(4127)适配完成磁扭矩传输功能。本实施例与实施例8的区别在于气隙间距调整机构采用的是旋转伺服电机和滚动/滑动丝杠副传动机构。
实施例10
如图20和图21所示,本实施例与实施例2具有同样的永磁耦合组件构成及结构,不同之处在于气隙间距调节机构方面,它为自动无级调节机构,其构成及其工作机理是:两套能使背靠背转盘相向或相反方向联动的横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆副(4662、4618、4664、4665、4565、4566及4663、4619)、转盘力矩传输滑杠(4666,4667),被动转盘的端壁(4560、4561)上的滑杠孔轴套(4595、4596)、中心短轴(4620)、转盘隔离轴承(4711)、与端壁(4560)相联接的隔离轴承外套、带凸轮槽(4714)的隔离轴承内套(4713)、带有与凸轮槽(4714)配合的并使其内套(4713)做直线位移传动的凸轮(4716)和传动齿轮(4720)的凸轮套筒(4721)、凸轮套筒(4721)的隔离轴承(4717)、设置在中心短轴(4620)上方一侧的旋转伺服电机(4715)、伺服电机(4715)的输出轴上设置与凸轮套筒(4721)上的传动齿轮(4720)相适配啮合传动的齿轮(4719)、伺服电机(4715)安装在固定支撑架(4978)上,伺服电机(4715)和固定式支撑架(4978)与中心短轴(4620)之间由隔离轴承(4718)进行隔离,伺服电机的输出轴齿轮(4719)做正反旋转运动,带动凸轮套筒(4721)上的传动齿轮(4720)并使凸轮套筒(4721)和凸轮(4716)做反正旋转运动,凸轮(4716)带动设有凸轮槽(4714)的隔离轴承内套(4713)、转盘隔离轴承(4711)及与之相联的转盘(4560)做左右直线位移运动,转盘(4560)通过横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆副使对应适配的相邻背靠背设置的转盘(4561)同时做相向或相反方向联动,使永磁耦合组件中的气隙磁场间距得到相应的调节,从而达到无级调节磁扭矩和负载轴或负载转速的目的。
实施例11
如图22所示,本实施例与实施例10基本相同,不同之处在于气隙间距调节机构中由两套能使背靠背转盘相向或相反方向联动的纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉副(5065、5066、5118、5067、5068)代替了横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆副,工作机理参见上述各个实施例及实施例10。
实施例12
如图23和图24所示,本实施例中的永磁组件布设和组成结构与实施例9基本相同,不同之处在于本实施例用交直轴电机(6215)---齿轮(6220)齿条(6219)传动调节组件取代了实施例9中的平行轴电机(4215)---滚动/滑动丝杠副(4216、4219)传动调节组件。工作机理参考上述实施例4、8和9。
实施例13
如图25和图26所示,本实施例中的永磁组件布设和组成结构与实施例8基本相同,不同之处在于本实施例的采用实施例5中介绍的盘型直线伺服电机结构的调节组件,即用盘型直线伺服电机(7215)、筒形输出轴(7216)内轴套(7219)的隔离轴承(7217、7218)以及直线伺服电机(7215)控制器(7480)取代了实施例8中的直线伺服电机(3715)及输出拉杆轴(3716)组件,筒形输出轴(7216)与隔离轴承内套(7213)相联接;另一个不同点是,本实施例的图25所示,在主动转盘系的转盘壁(7282)与被动转盘系的隔离轴承外套(7212)之间设置了一体化组装机构(7312、7313、7314),设备安装完成过程中卸掉一体化组装机构(7312、7313、7314)即可。工作机理参考上述各实施例。
上述实施例1至13仅仅给出了本发明技术方案的几个特例结构的具体实施例,试图说明本发明可以排列组合出很多种不同结构的方案,还可构建出很多个具体的、简单的或复杂的产品技术方案进行实施,比如:在实际的设计中为了秉承轴对称原则,在实施中只会设置一种对称结构转盘力矩传输滑杠结构,而不会是像实施例5中给出的有长有短的不对称的转盘力矩传输滑杠结构设计,实施例图示是为了减少方案阐述篇幅又能说明设计思想而为之;又如,加上各种适配外壳、防尘罩或支架做成水平或立式安装方式的应用实施例;加上散热组件,甚至再增加上水冷系统等应用实施例可依据本发明技术方案给出很多实施例;再如,采用各种各类不同的系统状态传感器,也可衍生出很多实施例,而且单说位移传感器就有很多种,也可采用内置有光栅位移传感器或位移编码器的伺服电机等等。另外,为了说明或指出某一结构或部件的设计方案的多样性及阐述的方便,本《说明书》和本案的《权利要求书》案中多处使用了标点符号“/”,它代表“或者”的意思。
本发明并不局限于所给出的实施例,但它们可起到举一反三、抛砖引玉的目的,可为具体的更多的产品系列型号的设计提供技术方案,只要其它的任何未背离本发明技术方案的实质所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合及简化,都应受到本发明专利的权利约束和保护之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,它为转盘型结构,由至少一组轴向磁场永磁耦合组件、至少一副与永磁耦合组件中的主动转盘相适配的主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构和对应的主动轴联轴节、至少一副与永磁耦合组件中的被动永磁耦合转盘相适配的被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构和对应的被动轴联轴节、一副永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构以及一副使系统成一体化整体结构以便包装运输和安装用的一体化组装机构组成,轴向磁场永磁耦合组件为轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件,永磁耦合组件中的主动转盘通过相适配的主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构与对应的主动轴联轴节相联接,永磁耦合组件中的被动永磁耦合转盘通过相适配的被动转盘联轴机构与对应的被动轴联轴节相联接,在主动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构上或者在被动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构上设置适配的永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构,设备出厂包装、运输与安装过程中在主动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构与被动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构之间设置一体化组装机构。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的轴向磁场永磁耦合组件中的两个相互适配的气隙磁场耦合盘呈圆盘或圆环盘平面对立状结构,其中的轴向磁场永磁体盘由圆盘或圆环盘状的永磁体安装盘和相适配的至少一个永磁体或永磁体组构成,一个永磁体组中的相邻永磁体在其圆盘或圆环盘状的安装盘的圆环周上呈轴向N、S极性交错地布设,轴向磁场永磁体盘与适配的轴向磁场电枢绕组盘耦合构成轴向磁场电枢绕组永磁耦合组件。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由用于安装永磁耦合组件中的主动永磁耦合转盘的机笼壁、机笼端壁、转盘壁、转盘端壁中的至少之一、并与对应的主动轴联轴节相适配连接的部件或联合组件构成,在主动永磁耦合转盘与主动轴联轴节之间由主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构形成连接、支撑、力矩传输和传动结构,所述的被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由用于安装永磁耦合组件中的被动永磁耦合转盘的端壁、端壁上的非圆形轴孔及其轴套、非圆形中心短轴、力矩传输滑杠、中心转盘及其联轴节和中心短轴部件或组件中的至少之一、并与对应的被动轴联轴节相适配连接的部件或联合组件构成,在被动永磁耦合转盘与被动轴联轴节之间由被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构形成连接、支撑、力矩传输和传动结构。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由用于安装永磁耦合组件中的被动永磁耦合转盘的机笼壁、机笼端壁、转盘壁、转盘端壁中的至少之一、并与对应的被动轴联轴节相适配连接的部件或联合组件构成,在被动永磁耦合转盘与被动轴联轴节之间由被动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构形成连接、支撑、力矩传输和传动结构,所述的主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构由用于安装永磁耦合组件中的主动永磁耦合转盘的端壁、端壁上的非圆形轴孔及其轴套、非圆形中心短轴、力矩传输滑杠、中心转盘及其联轴节和中心短轴部件或组件中的至少之一、并与对应的主动轴联轴节相适配连接的部件或联合组件构成,在主动永磁耦合转盘与主动轴联轴节之间由主动永磁耦合转盘联轴机构形成连接、支撑、力矩传输和传动结构。
  5. 如权利要求1、2、3或4所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构为离心式调节机构,它有四种供分别实施的结构,其一是由至少一副门闩式弹簧离心锁机构、被动永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔轴套及相适配的带有限位机构的非圆形中心短轴组件构成,其二是由至少一副门闩式弹簧离心锁机构、中心短轴组件、中心转盘和被动永磁耦合转盘力矩传输滑杠组件构成,其三是由至少一副弹簧离心销、被动永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔轴套及相适配的带有限位机构的非圆形中心短轴组件构成,其四是由至少一副弹簧离心销、中心短轴组件、中心转盘和被动永磁耦合转盘力矩传输滑杠组件构成,弹簧离心销安装在转盘壁上、机笼壁上、中心转盘上、转盘端壁上、非圆形中心短轴上或中心短轴上的适当位置,门闩式弹簧离心锁机构的门闩和弹簧离心锁分别安装在永磁耦合组件的背靠背的两个被动永磁耦合转盘的对应位置或者被动永磁耦合转盘与中心转盘相对应的位置,并设置成能通过传动轴启动或堵转过程中转速状态的不同引起弹簧离心销或弹簧离心锁处于不同限位位置状态而使永磁耦合气隙间距自动进行阶梯式调整的结构。
  6. 如权利要求1、2、3或4所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构为无级调节机构,它有六种供分别实施的结构,其一是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带凸轮槽的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、带与凸轮槽配合的并使其内套或外套做直线位移传动的凸轮和绕轴转动调节杆或调节手柄的凸轮套筒、凸轮套筒的轴隔离轴承及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其二是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带滚动/滑动丝母筒的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、带与丝母筒配合的并使丝母筒做直线位移传动的滚动/滑动丝母筒螺丝和绕轴转动调节杆或调节手柄的丝母套筒、丝母套筒的轴隔离轴承及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其三是由永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联接的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带凸轮槽的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、带与凸轮槽配合的并使其做直线位移传动的凸轮和绕轴转动调节杆或调节手柄的凸轮套筒、凸轮套筒的轴隔离轴承及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其四是由永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联接的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带滚动/滑动丝母筒的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、带与丝母筒配合的并使其做直线位移传动的滚动/滑动丝母筒螺丝和绕轴转动调节杆或调节手柄的丝母套筒、丝母套筒的轴隔离轴承及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其五是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联接的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套,带凸轮、齿条或丝杠螺母的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套,布设在传动轴一侧并与转盘隔离轴承内套或外套对应适配的设置有凸轮直线位移传动机构、齿条直线位移传动机构或者丝杠螺母直线位移传动机构和与其适配的调节杆或调节手柄的驱动机构组件及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其六是由永磁耦合转盘端壁上的非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联接的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套,带凸轮、齿条或丝杠螺母的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套,布设在传动轴一侧并与转盘隔离轴承内套或外套对应适配的设置有凸轮直线位移传动机构、齿条直线位移传动机构或者丝杠螺母直线位移传动机构和与其适配的调节杆或调节手柄的驱动机构组件及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,所述的背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构有五种供分别实施的结构,之一是滚动/滑动丝杠副结构,它由至少一副转盘联动滚动/滑动丝杠、转盘端壁上的联动滚动/滑动螺母及相适配的中心转盘上的滚动/滑动丝杠副支撑轴承构成,之二是转盘联动圆柱形或条型齿条齿轮副结构,它由至少一副相对固定在背靠背相邻转盘端壁上的齿条、对应适配的齿条过孔及中心转盘上的齿条齿轮副传动齿轮组件构成,之三是横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆副结构,它由至少一副固定在两个转盘端壁上的凸轮、安装在中心转盘上的两端设置有凸轮槽的并与转盘端壁上的凸轮相适配的横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆构成,之四是纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉副结构,它由至少一副固定在转盘端壁上的滑槽或滑杆、安装在中心转盘上的两端设置有滑动凸轮或杆孔并与转盘端壁上的滑槽或滑杆相适配的纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉构成,之五是转盘力矩传输滑杠结构,它由至少一副固定安装在中心转盘上的转盘力矩传输滑杠及与其滑杠相适配的转盘端壁上的滑孔及滑孔轴套构成,所述的非圆形中心短轴有两种供分别实施的结构,一种是通体均为非圆形结构轴,另一种是两节结构,其中一节是用于安装永磁耦合转盘的非圆形轴,另一节是圆形轴,所述的摆动支架安装在系统地基、系统基座或系统支架与转盘隔离轴承相适配的内套或外套之间,所述的固定式支撑架安装在系统地基、系统基座或系统支架与传动轴隔离轴承或伺服电机之间。
  7. 如权利要求1、2、3或4所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的永磁耦合转盘气隙间距调节机构为自动无级调节机构,它由无级调节结构、伺服电机及其相关联机构、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,有九种供分别实施的结构,其一是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带凸轮槽的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与凸轮槽配合的并使其内套或外套做直线位移传动的凸轮套筒轴、驱动凸轮套筒轴做旋转运动的筒型或盘环型旋转伺服电机、伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件,其二是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带滚动/滑动丝母筒的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与丝母筒配合的并使丝母筒做直线位移传动的滚动/滑动丝母筒螺丝、驱动丝母筒螺丝做旋转运动的筒型或盘环型旋转伺服电机、伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其三是由转盘非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带凸轮槽的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与凸轮槽配合的并使其内套或外套做直线位移传动的凸轮套筒轴、驱动凸轮套筒轴做旋转运动的筒型或盘环型旋转伺服电机、伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其四是由转盘非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带滚动/滑动丝母筒的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与丝母筒配合的并使丝母筒做直线位移传动的滚动/滑动丝母筒螺丝、驱动丝母筒螺丝做旋转运动的筒型或盘环型旋转伺服电机、伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其五由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带与直线伺服电机输出筒轴联接螺孔和螺丝的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套相适配联接螺孔并与之相联接使其做直线位移传动的直线运动筒轴、驱动筒轴做直线运动的筒型或盘环型直线伺服电机、直线伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其六由转盘非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套、带与直线伺服电机输出筒轴联接螺孔和螺丝的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套、设有与转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套相适配的联接螺孔并与之相联接使其做直线位移传动的直线运动筒、驱动筒轴作直线运动的筒型或盘环型直线伺服电机、直线伺服电机筒轴与中心短轴隔离轴承、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其七是由背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构、中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套,带凸轮、齿条或丝杠螺母的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套,布设在传动轴一侧并与转盘隔离轴承内套或外套对应适配的设置有使凸轮直线位移传动机构、使齿条直线位移传动机构或者使丝杠螺母直线位移传动机构的直线伺服电机、旋转伺服电机或直交轴旋转伺服电机、控制器及适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其八是由转盘非圆形轴孔和轴套、非圆形中心短轴、转盘隔离轴承、与相适配转盘端壁或其上非圆形轴套相联的转盘隔离轴承外套或内套,带凸轮、齿条或丝杠螺母的转盘隔离轴承对应内套或外套,布设在传动轴一侧并与转盘隔离轴承内套或外套对应适配的设置有使凸轮直线位移传动机构、使齿条直线位移传动机构或者使丝杠螺母直线位移传动机构的直线伺服电机、旋转伺服电机或直交轴式伺服电机、控制器适配的摆动支架组件和/或适配的固定支架组件构成,其九是由所述无级调节机构分别与外部适配的并独立设置的传统型的执行机构及其相配的控制器构成,无级调节机构中的调节杆或调节手柄与适配的执行机构的输出机构相联接,所述的背靠背相邻永磁耦合转盘的联动机构有五种供分别实施的结构,之一是滚动/滑动丝杠副结构,它由至少一副转盘联动滚动/滑动丝杠、转盘端壁上的联动滚动/滑动螺母及相适配的中心转盘上的滚动/滑动丝杠副支撑轴承构成,之二是转盘联动圆柱形或条型齿条齿轮副结构,它由至少一副相对固定在背靠背相邻转盘端壁上的齿条、对应适配的齿条过孔及中心转盘上的齿条齿轮副传动齿轮组件构成,之三是横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆副结构,它由至少一副固定在两个转盘端壁上的凸轮、安装在中心转盘上的两端设置有凸轮槽的并与转盘端壁上的凸轮相适配的横式转盘联动凸轮槽拨杆构成,之四是纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉副结构,它由至少一副固定在转盘端壁上的滑槽或滑杆、安装在中心转盘上的两端设置有滑动凸轮或杆孔并与转盘端壁上的滑槽或滑杆相适配的纵式转盘联动滑杆拨叉构成,之五是转盘力矩传输滑杠结构,它由至少一副固定安装在中心转盘上的转盘力矩传输滑杠及与其滑杠相适配的转盘端壁上的滑孔及滑孔轴套构成,所述的非圆形中心短轴有两种供分别实施的结构,一种是通体均为非圆形结构轴,另一种是两节结构,其中一节是用于安装永磁耦合转盘的非圆形轴,另一节是圆形轴,所述的摆动支架安装在系统地基、系统基座或系统支架与转盘隔离轴承相适配的内套或外套之间,所述的固定式支撑架安装在系统地基、系统基座或系统支架与传动轴隔离轴承或伺服电机之间,所述控制器为刻度盘型控制器、数显控制器或智能控制器,刻度盘型控制器由控制刻度盘、控制旋钮或按键、控制器输入输出接口、电机电源单元、电机控制单元、PLC可编程控制器接口单元及其相适配的控制电路和外围单路、电源开关、电源保险及控制器外壳组成,数显控制器由嵌入式微处理器单元、显示器单元、操作键盘单元、控制器输入输出接口、电机电源单元、控制器电源电路单元、电源开关、电源保险及控制器外壳组成,智能控制器由嵌入式微处理器、显示器单元、操作键盘单元、至少一路且至少一种传感器及其适配的输入接口、至少一路开关量输入/输出接口单元、至少一路模拟量输入/输出接口单元、至少一个或至少一种通用或非标数据通讯接口单元、电机电源单元、控制器电源电路单元、电源开关、电源保险及控制器外壳等构成,传感器有四种供配用,第一种是用于直接或间接检测永磁耦合气隙间距的位移传感器,第二种是用于检测主动或被动传动轴转速的传感器,第三种是用于传感永磁耦合组件温度的温度传感器,第四种是用于传感冷却水水位的液位传感器,通用或非标数据通讯接口单元有485接口、现场总线接口、互联网接口、局域网接口、无线通讯接口或专用非标接口,用于所述各种传感器获取的状态信息采集和处理、操作键盘输入命令处理、显示器输出信息处理、伺服电机电源时序和幅值处理及所述各种接口单元输入输出信息处理并完成系统数据计算、事件分析处理和数据存储的嵌入式微处理器单元分别通过相应数据总线与所述各对应单元端口相接驳,控制器电源电路为控制器中的每个电路单元提供工作电源并与相应单元的电源输入端相接驳,受控于嵌入式微处理器单元并为伺服电机提供相适配伺服驱动电源的伺服电机电源的控制线通过数据总线与嵌入式微处理器单元的相应端口相接驳。
  8. 如权利要求1、2、3或4所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的永磁耦合组件的非永磁体转盘的非气隙磁场耦合的一侧和/或与永磁耦合组件相联接的发热部件、发热机构或发热组件上安装、固定、制作或配装相适合的散热器、散热片、旋转热导管散热器、水冷组件或组合式综合技术散热组件,或者在发热部件或组件上制作设置、镶嵌、焊接、嵌入或置入旋转热导管的吸热段,通过旋转热导管的输送段把热量引出到装置外部适当位置设置的旋转热导管冷却段进行散热处理,旋转热导管冷却段上设置散热片、散热器或水冷组件,组合式综合技术散热组件是采用三种既风冷技术部件、旋转热导管技术组件和水冷技术系统之中至少含有其中两种技术结构的综合散热组件,在对应于散热器或散热片的散热通风通道部件上设置通风口、风孔或散热介质路径。
  9. 如权利要求1、2、3或4所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,所述的一体化组装机构,是指本装置出场调试和测试之后安装的并在本装置出厂包装、运输与安装过程中安装在主动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构与被动转盘及其相关联的联轴机构之间的便于整体包装、运输和安装的一体化组装机构,它有五种供分别实施的结构,其一是设置在主动轴一侧的主动转盘端壁与被动转盘端壁组件之间的一体化组装用螺杆组件,其二是设置在主动轴一侧的主动转盘端壁与中心短轴组件或非圆形中心短轴之间的一体化组装用螺杆组件,其三是是设置在主动转盘壁或机笼壁与被动转盘壁组件与主动转盘壁之间的一体化组装用螺杆组件,其四是设置在被动轴一侧的被动转盘/转端壁组件与主动转盘端壁之间的一体化组装用螺杆组件,其五是设置在被动轴一侧的中心短轴组件或非圆形中心短轴与主动转盘端壁或转盘壁之间的一体化组装用“螺杆联接帽”式组件,在输入联轴器及其相连接的部件与输出联轴器及其相连的部件之间用一体化组装机构组件联接固定起来,在设备安装之收尾工作过程中且设备运行调试之前再逐一替代或卸掉一体化组装机构组件。
  10. 如权利要求1、2、3或4所述的一种高效的可调节电磁扭矩的电枢绕组永磁联轴器,其特征在于,本装置的外部设置有防尘罩或设置具有安全防护和防止磁场泄露的机笼或机壳,它们只与本装置最外部的、主动转盘部分和被动转盘部分其中之一相联接的组件相联接,或者与适配的散热组件或散热系统融合为一体式结构,或者把机笼、机壳或防尘罩设置或融合在另外给本装置、电机或负载设置的基座或基架、支架或支座上,支架或支座为卧式结构或者立式结构。
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