WO2010140691A1 - 放電灯及び放電灯装置 - Google Patents
放電灯及び放電灯装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010140691A1 WO2010140691A1 PCT/JP2010/059563 JP2010059563W WO2010140691A1 WO 2010140691 A1 WO2010140691 A1 WO 2010140691A1 JP 2010059563 W JP2010059563 W JP 2010059563W WO 2010140691 A1 WO2010140691 A1 WO 2010140691A1
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- discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
- H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
- H01J65/044—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by a separate microwave unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/84—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
- H01J61/86—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure with discharge additionally constricted by close spacing of electrodes, e.g. for optical projection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
- H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
- H01J65/048—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using an excitation coil
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a discharge lamp and a discharge lamp device.
- HID lamps Small high-intensity discharge lamps are widely used as light sources for automobile headlights and projectors.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 include a bulging portion having a sealed space in which a luminescent material is enclosed, a transparent container having a pair of thin tube portions arranged to face the bulging portion, and each of the thin tube portions.
- a microwave electrodeless lamp is described which is composed of an inner conductor sealed inside and a coil as an outer conductor wound approximately in the longitudinal range of the inner conductor on the outer peripheral portion of the narrow tube portion. ing.
- the microwave electrodeless lamp configured as described above is turned on by the microwave received by the coil, but the intensity of radiated light is low and lacks practicality.
- the present invention has been proposed in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to provide a highly efficient point light source type discharge lamp and discharge device capable of efficiently supplying power.
- a discharge lamp is provided with a discharge vessel formed of a light-transmitting non-conductive member and encapsulating a luminescent material therein, and one end portion is provided inside the discharge vessel.
- a first antenna member having the other end projecting outside the discharge vessel, one end being provided inside the discharge vessel, and the other end projecting outside the discharge vessel.
- a second antenna member connectable to the wave means; and an external impedance portion provided at a portion of the first antenna member protruding to the outside of the discharge vessel.
- Invention of Claim 2 is a discharge lamp of Claim 1, Comprising: By supplying electromagnetic waves from the said electromagnetic wave guide means, one edge part of the said 1st antenna member and the said 2nd antenna member The discharge is generated in the gap with one end of the electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave resonance circuit is constituted by the gap and the external impedance part.
- the Invention of Claim 3 is the discharge lamp of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising:
- the said external impedance part is the loading coil wound around the part which protruded outside the said discharge vessel of the said 1st antenna member. .
- Invention of Claim 4 is the discharge lamp of Claim 3, Comprising: The length of the said coil is equivalent to 1 wavelength of the electromagnetic waves input into a said 2nd antenna member.
- a fifth aspect of the present invention is the discharge lamp according to the third or fourth aspect, wherein a portion of the first antenna member protruding outside the discharge vessel is covered with a non-conductive member, and the coil Is wound around a portion of the first antenna member covered with a non-conductive member.
- a discharge lamp device includes an electromagnetic wave generating means for generating an electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave guiding means having an internal conductor to which the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generating means is guided, and the electromagnetic wave guiding means.
- the invention of claim 7 is the discharge lamp device according to claim 6, wherein the electromagnetic wave guiding means is a coaxial transmission line.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a discharge lamp device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the discharge lamp device includes an HID lamp 10 that is a high-intensity discharge lamp, and a discharge lamp lighting device 12 that lights the HID lamp 10.
- the discharge lamp lighting device 12 is provided with a launcher 14 that guides electromagnetic waves such as high frequency (RF) or microwaves.
- RF high frequency
- One end of the launcher 14 is fixed to the condensing reflecting mirror 16 so that the light emitting part of the HID lamp 10 is located at the focal position.
- the other end of the launcher 14 is connected to a small solid-state oscillator 20 via a coaxial transmission line 18 that guides electromagnetic waves.
- a solid-state oscillator 20 for example, a solid-state oscillator including an oscillator 20A, an amplifier 20B, and an isolator 20C is used.
- a DC power supply 22 that outputs a voltage of 28V is connected to the solid-state oscillator 20. Note that the voltage of the DC power supply 22 can be changed.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the HID lamp 10.
- the HID lamp 10 includes an ellipsoidal discharge vessel 10B having a discharge space 10A formed therein, and a pair of rod-shaped members 10C.
- a luminescent material composed of xenon gas and a small amount of an additive is enclosed.
- the pair of rod-like members 10C is provided on the extended line in the major axis direction of the discharge vessel 10B at a predetermined interval.
- each of the pair of rod-like members 10C is inserted into the discharge space 10A, and the other end is exposed outside the discharge vessel 10B.
- a metal rod-shaped antenna member 10D having a sharp tip is embedded in the central axis of each rod-shaped member 10C.
- Each antenna member 10D is not embedded in each rod-shaped member 10C but exposed inside the discharge vessel 10B.
- the antenna member 10D is made of, for example, tungsten or molybdenum.
- rod-shaped tungsten may be connected to each of both ends of the molybdenum foil.
- high-frequency power is consumed with high efficiency in the discharge portion for light emission, and almost no heat is generated at the joint portion between the discharge vessel 10B and the antenna member 10D. Therefore, a configuration not using this can be recommended for cost reduction.
- the discharge vessel 10B and the pair of rod-like members 10C are formed of a high dielectric constant insulator such as quartz or alumina, which is a non-conductive member having translucency.
- the tip portions of the pair of antenna members 10D are inserted into the discharge vessel 10B with a gap G therebetween.
- the other end of each antenna member 10D protrudes from the discharge vessel 10B to the outside while being covered with each rod-like member 10C.
- the pair of antenna members 10 ⁇ / b> D are arranged to be separated from each other by the gap G.
- a helical coil (loading coil) 10E is wound around a portion of the pair of rod-shaped portions 10C that is not connected to the launcher 14 and that is exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel 10B. Yes. Since the loading coil 10E is wound around the rod-shaped portion 10C of the non-conductive member, the loading coil 10E is not electrically connected to the antenna member 10D embedded in the central axis of the rod-shaped portion 10C. The loading coil 10E prevents the microwave guided from the launcher 14 from leaking from the rod-shaped portion 10C. The loading coil 10E will be described later.
- the launcher 14 includes an inner cylindrical member 14A and an outer cylindrical member 14B having an inner surface coaxially provided with a predetermined distance from the outer surface of the inner cylindrical member 14A so as to surround the inner cylindrical member 14A.
- the inner cylindrical member 14A and the outer cylindrical member 14B are made of a conductor such as metal.
- a rod-like portion 10C in which an antenna member 10D of the HID lamp 10 is embedded is inserted at the tip of the inner cylindrical member 14A, and an attachment portion 14C to which the HID lamp 10 is attached is formed.
- the antenna member 10D is electrically connected to the inner cylindrical member 14A, the microwave transmission efficiency is improved and the light emission efficiency is improved.
- a columnar member having a mounting portion 14C drilled at the tip may be used.
- a female N-type connector used at the output end of the solid-state microwave oscillator can be used as the launcher 14.
- an HID that is oscillated by the solid-state oscillator 20 and that is guided through the coaxial transmission line is attached to the attachment portion 14C.
- a waveguide that leads to be supplied to the lamp 10 is formed.
- the electromagnetic wave oscillated by the solid state oscillator 20 is guided to the end portion of the launcher 14 via the coaxial transmission line, is guided by the coaxial waveguide of the launcher 14, and is sent to the attachment portion 14 ⁇ / b> C. It is supplied to the attached HID lamp 10. Since the antenna member 10D is exposed from the discharge vessel 10B and the antenna member 10D is inserted into the inner cylindrical member 14A and electrically connected to the coaxial waveguide of the launcher 14, the supplied electromagnetic wave causes the antenna member 10D. The electromagnetic wave is guided directly into the discharge vessel 10B through the high-impedance portion of the antenna before the lamp is lit, and electromagnetic waves are radiated from the local portion of the high-impedance portion. Since the radiated electromagnetic wave exists inside the discharge vessel 10B, the luminescent material in the vicinity of the radiation site is selectively excited, whereby the luminescent material such as high-pressure gas inside the vessel is efficiently discharged.
- the length of the gap G is shortened, the length of the light emitting portion is reduced and a point light source is configured.
- the length of the gap G is increased, the discharge region is widened, and the middle and large-sized high-pressure HID lamp 10 can be turned on.
- the lamp provided with the antenna of the present embodiment can be handled as a substantially electrodeless discharge lamp.
- electromagnetic waves are directly supplied to the inside of the discharge vessel 10B via the antenna, and the electromagnetic field is locally concentrated near the tip of the antenna.
- the enclosed high-pressure gas can be discharged efficiently. Since the enclosed gas is high pressure, high-temperature and high-density plasma is generated, and because the gas pressure in the lamp is high, the diffusion speed of high-temperature and high-density plasma is slow. Localizes and emits light with high brightness.
- High-pressure argon or xenon is sealed as a mother gas, and NaI and ScI are sealed as additives. For this reason, since it is easily ionized and emits light, light emission with high color rendering properties and high light emission efficiency can be obtained.
- the mother gas and additives all gases shown in Table 1 that can be used in a discharge lamp, a metal halide lamp, and an HID lamp 10 can be used. Furthermore, molecular gases such as S 2 that are used in recent years can also be used.
- the incident power T to the lamp is divided into power A consumed for generating and maintaining discharge, power B radiated into the space, and power C reflected by the lamp and returned to the power source side.
- a lighting method lamp capable of increasing A / T has high luminous efficiency. For this reason, a discharge system that makes B and C as small as possible is required.
- Resonance condition When the lamp is regarded as a load impedance Z L composed of (1) discharge part and (2) antenna (electrode), the resonance condition is satisfied and invalid when Z L reactance X becomes zero Electric power can be eliminated.
- ⁇ is a microwave angular frequency
- ⁇ P is an electron plasma angular frequency
- R has a relationship of R ⁇ PG / N with respect to G, the enclosed gas pressure P, and the plasma density N.
- the amount of radiation F is proportional to the surface area S and N of the discharge length, and S is proportional to G.
- G is shortened to 1 / n, the plasma density N needs to be increased n times under the same incident power T in order to keep F equal.
- the gas pressure in the lamp is 50 atm or more and 200 atm or less at the time of lighting.
- blackening due to high pressure is likely to cause devitrification of the lamp wall.
- the HID lamp of this embodiment regards the electrode as a monopole antenna and feeds microwave power to the antenna gap G in the center of the lamp.
- the electrode When the discharge is lit stably and high-density plasma is formed, the gap is short-circuited by the plasma, and the monopole antenna is completed.
- shortening the G substantially becomes a large capacitance C P monopole antenna is inserted in series, collapse resonance condition of the monopole antenna, the reactive power is increased.
- Loading coil 10E is a series circuit of inductance L H of the capacitor C H and the loading coil 10E formed quartz between the loading coil 10E as a dielectric.
- the loading coil 10E exhibits the following effects when the lamp is lit.
- Loading coil 10E form a resonant circuit with its inductance L H and a capacitance C H, to supplement the microwave to be leaked.
- the captured microwaves help generate plasma at the top of the upper antenna while reciprocating between the resonant circuits.
- the luminous efficiency is improved. Especially, since C P becomes large in the light source type AEMD lamp that shorten the antenna gap, the lamp is close to a short circuit state, the luminous efficiency is lowered, loading coil 10E is effective in such a case.
- the antenna gap is further reduced to be a point light source to be, for example, 1 mm or less, 1 / ⁇ C P becomes smaller than R P and ⁇ L P , and the microwave does not generate plasma and C P Will be leaked from the lamp as a bypass.
- the helical coil accumulates the microwave power to be leaked and suppresses the leak, so that the luminous efficiency of the lamp can be improved.
- the lamp becomes equivalent to a monopole antenna and the radiation resistance increases. That is, the electromagnetic wave (microwave) incident on the lamp is efficiently radiated into the space and becomes a loss. This is treated as a radiation resistance in terms of an equivalent circuit and is wasted.
- the loading coil functions as an electromagnetic power storage element for electromagnetic wave (microwave) power, and can reduce radiation resistance.
- one wavelength of electromagnetic wave is optimal.
- a standing wave is excited in the loading coil.
- the standing wave is maximum at both ends (antinode of standing wave) and is minimum (node of standing wave) at the middle part. Therefore, if one end of the loading coil is installed near the discharge section (10B), the microwave electric field excited here (the antinode of the standing wave) contributes to the generation and maintenance of the discharge, thereby reducing the radiation resistance. , Luminous efficiency is greatly improved.
- the material of the loading coil is a material that can withstand high temperatures and is flexible enough to be processed into a helical coil. From the viewpoint of heat resistance and flexibility, it is considered that molybdenum, tantalum, and rhenium are appropriate as the material for the loaded coil. Moreover, you may employ
- Luminous efficiency is improved by using a strong microwave electric field generated at the tip of the loading coil to maintain the discharge. Luminous efficiency can be increased by optimizing the coil shape and mounting position. Further, the loading coil may be molded with glass.
- Table 2 shows the characteristics when an AEMD lamp and an AC / DC discharge lamp are applied to a metal halide lamp for a visible light source.
- Table 3 shows the characteristics when an AEMD lamp and an AC / DC discharge lamp are applied to the mercury lamp for the UV light source.
- the AEMD lamp has a longer lamp life, more point light source, and lower power consumption.
- Table 4 shows the characteristics when an AEMD lamp and an AC / DC discharge lamp are applied to an excimer lamp for a VUV light source.
- the AEMD lamp has higher emission intensity, longer lamp life, more point light source, and lower power consumption.
- the lamp when the function of the loading coil is used, even if G ⁇ 2 mm, the lamp can be operated with high efficiency even when the sealed gas pressure P is at a level where the lamp can be manufactured. Even if G ⁇ 1 mm, high-efficiency lighting is possible. That is, a highly efficient point light source lamp can be realized by using a loading coil.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係る放電灯装置の構成を示す図である。放電灯装置は、高輝度放電ランプであるHIDランプ10と、HIDランプ10を点灯させる放電灯点灯装置12と、を備えている。
点光源化のために、プラズマを維持する空間である、電極あるいはアンテナの間隔Gを狭くすると、発光効率を高くして点灯することが困難となる。この点について、詳細に説明する。
本実施形態のHIDランプは、電極をモノポールアンテナと見なして、マイクロ波電力をランプ中心部にあるアンテナギャップGに給電する。放電が安定に点灯して高密度プラズマが形成されると、ギャップはプラズマにより短絡され、モノポールアンテナが完成する。しかし、Gを短くすると、実質的にモノポールアンテナに大きなキャパシタンスCPが直列に挿入されたことになり、モノポールアンテナの共振条件が崩れ、無効電力が増大する。
アンテナギャップに高密度プラズマが生成されて、ギャップが実質的に短絡されると、ランプはモノポールアンテナと等価となり、放射抵抗が増大する。すなわち、ランプに入射する電磁波(マイクロ波)は効率よく空間に放射されて損失となる。これは等価回路的には放射抵抗として扱われ、無駄となる。装荷コイルは電磁波(マイクロ波)電力の電磁電力の蓄積素子として機能し、放射抵抗の軽減を図ることができる。
装荷コイルには数10W程度のマイクロ波電力が蓄積されていると考えられ、高温に加熱される。従って、装荷コイルの材料は、高温に耐えられる材料であって、かつヘリカルコイルに加工しやすい可撓性を要する。耐熱性と可撓性の観点から、装荷コイルの材料として、モリブデン、タンタル、レニウムが適当と考えられる。また、装荷コイルの材料として、タングステンを採用してもよい。
装荷コイル先端部に生じる強いマイクロ波電界を放電の維持に使うことにより、発光効率を改善する。コイルの形状と取り付け位置を最適化することにより発光効率を高めることができる。また、装荷コイルをガラスでモールドしてもよい。
10A 放電空間
10B 放電容器
10C 棒状部材
10D アンテナ部材
10E 装荷コイル
12 放電灯点灯装置
14 ラーンチャ
14A 内部円筒部材
14B 外部円筒部材
20 固体マイクロ波発振器
22 直流電源
Claims (7)
- 光透過性を有する非導電性部材で形成され、かつ内部に発光物質が封入された放電容器と、
一方の端部が前記放電容器の内部に設けられ、他方の端部が前記放電容器の外部に突出した第1のアンテナ部材と、
一方の端部が前記放電容器の内部に設けられ、他方の端部が前記放電容器の外部に突出して電磁波導波手段と接続可能な第2のアンテナ部材と、
前記第1のアンテナ部材の前記放電容器の外部に突出した部分に設けられた外部インピーダンス部と、
を備えた放電灯。 - 前記電磁波導波手段から電磁波を供給することにより、前記第1のアンテナ部材の一方の端部と前記第2のアンテナ部材の一方の端部との間隙で放電が発生するように構成されていると共に、前記間隙と前記外部インピーダンス部とにより前記電磁波の共振回路を構成している、
請求項1記載の放電灯。 - 前記外部インピーダンス部は、前記第1のアンテナ部材の前記放電容器の外部に突出した部分に巻き付けられた装荷コイルである、
請求項1または2記載の放電灯。 - 前記装荷コイルの線の長さは、前記第2のアンテナ部材へ入力される電磁波の一波長である請求項3に記載の放電灯。
- 前記第1のアンテナ部材の前記放電容器の外部に突出された部分は、非導電性部材に覆われ、
前記装荷コイルは、前記第1のアンテナ部材の非導電性部材で覆われた部分に巻き付けられている
請求項3又は4に記載の放電灯。 - 電磁波を発生する電磁波発生手段と、
前記電磁波発生手段により発生された電磁波が導かれる、内部導体を有する電磁波導手段と、
前記電磁波導波手段に前記第2のアンテナ部材が接続された請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載に放電灯と、
を備えた放電灯装置。 - 前記電磁波導波手段は、同軸伝送線路である、
請求項6記載の放電灯装置。
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KR1020117031099A KR101701538B1 (ko) | 2009-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | 방전등 및 방전등 장치 |
US13/375,370 US8466618B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Discharge lamp and discharge lamp device |
JP2011518519A JP5534471B2 (ja) | 2009-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | 放電灯及び放電灯装置 |
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US (1) | US8466618B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5534471B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (1)
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WO2013072483A1 (de) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-23 | Dritte Patentportfolio Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg | Hochfrequenzlampe sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer hochfrequenzlampe |
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RU2578669C1 (ru) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-03-27 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Центр Продвижения Высокотехнологичных Проектов "Новстрим" | Плазменное осветительное устройство с свч накачкой |
CN114372424B (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-08-19 | 广东工业大学 | 一种基于流量加权的河流污染源解析方法 |
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- 2010-06-04 KR KR1020117031099A patent/KR101701538B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-06-04 WO PCT/JP2010/059563 patent/WO2010140691A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-06-04 US US13/375,370 patent/US8466618B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2007115534A (ja) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-05-10 | National Univ Corp Shizuoka Univ | 放電灯装置、放電灯、及び放電灯点灯装置 |
JP2007227170A (ja) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-09-06 | Koito Mfg Co Ltd | 高周波放電灯 |
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WO2013072483A1 (de) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-23 | Dritte Patentportfolio Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg | Hochfrequenzlampe sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer hochfrequenzlampe |
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US20120074839A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
KR101701538B1 (ko) | 2017-02-01 |
JPWO2010140691A1 (ja) | 2012-11-22 |
KR20120030461A (ko) | 2012-03-28 |
JP5534471B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
US8466618B2 (en) | 2013-06-18 |
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