WO2010130204A1 - 一种血液净化用配液及超滤装置 - Google Patents

一种血液净化用配液及超滤装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010130204A1
WO2010130204A1 PCT/CN2010/072653 CN2010072653W WO2010130204A1 WO 2010130204 A1 WO2010130204 A1 WO 2010130204A1 CN 2010072653 W CN2010072653 W CN 2010072653W WO 2010130204 A1 WO2010130204 A1 WO 2010130204A1
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Prior art keywords
silicone oil
chamber
oil chamber
solenoid valve
liquid
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PCT/CN2010/072653
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高光勇
任应祥
陈香美
滕朝宇
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重庆山外山科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2010130204A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010130204A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1621Constructional aspects thereof
    • A61M1/1635Constructional aspects thereof with volume chamber balancing devices between used and fresh dialysis fluid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/12General characteristics of the apparatus with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit
    • A61M2205/123General characteristics of the apparatus with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit with incorporated reservoirs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/12General characteristics of the apparatus with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit
    • A61M2205/128General characteristics of the apparatus with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit with incorporated valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a blood purification device, and more particularly to a dosing and ultrafiltration device for hemodialysis. Background technique
  • Hemodialysis is one of the most important modes of blood purification treatment. It is currently the main treatment for patients with uremia and acute and chronic renal failure. Because the kidney organs of uremic patients partially or completely lose urinary function, hemodialysis is needed.
  • the two main functions of hemodialysis are: 1) Eliminate toxins or correct acid and alkali through the principle of diffusion of dialysate and blood. Balance; 2) Ultrafiltration of excess water from human blood and tissue fluids through an ultrafiltration system.
  • hemodialysis equipment In order to achieve the above two purposes, hemodialysis equipment generally needs to have a dialysate configuration function and an ultrafiltration dehydration function.
  • the main components of the dialysate are: Na + (140mmol / L), K + (2.5mmol / L), Mg 2+ ( 1. Ommol / L), Ca 2+ (1.5 mmol / L), HC0 3 - (35mmol/L), etc.
  • the ion concentration is basically the same as human blood.
  • the dialysate preparation method is mainly configured by the acidic concentrated liquid (liquid A) and the alkaline concentrated liquid (liquid B) according to a certain ratio and reverse osmosis water, and the qualified dialysate is monitored by the monitoring system to be allowed outside the membrane of the dialyzer.
  • the toxin is removed by diffusion with the blood in the membrane.
  • dialysis equipment In the past, dialysis equipment generally used a special dosing device and an ultrafiltration device to achieve qualified dialysate and dewatering from human ultrafiltration.
  • the disadvantages are:
  • Ultra-filtration pumps and concentrate pumps require high-precision metering pumps at high cost
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a blood purification dosing and ultrafiltration device which can easily realize precise dehydration from a human body and realize a dialysate configuration.
  • a liquid preparation and ultrafiltration device for blood purification comprising a tank, wherein: the tank body is provided with a waste liquid inlet joint (10), a waste liquid outlet joint (23), a dialysate joint (11), a reverse osmosis water joint (22) and a liquid fitting, in which a first silicone oil chamber (3) and a second silicone oil chamber (5) and a first piston pump (2) and a second piston pump (7) are disposed a first gear pump (9) and a second gear pump (21) are further disposed, the first silicone oil chamber (3) and the second silicone oil chamber (5) are respectively separated into two parts by a diaphragm into a left chamber, a right a chamber and an intermediate chamber; connected to the waste inlet fitting (10)
  • the first gear pump (9) is respectively connected to the left chamber of the first silicone oil chamber (3) and the second silicone oil chamber (5), and the left chamber of the first silicone oil chamber (3) and the second silicone oil chamber (5) is further Connected to the waste liquid outlet fitting (23); the second gear pump (21) connected to
  • the waste liquid inlet joint is connected to the inlet of the first gear pump through a pipeline, and the pipeline connected from the outlet of the first gear pump is divided into two paths, one of which is connected with the upper outlet of the first three-way electromagnetic valve,
  • the other circuit is connected to the lower outlet of the second three-way solenoid valve, and the pipeline between the lower outlet of the first three-way solenoid valve and the upper outlet of the second three-way solenoid valve is connected to the fourth solenoid valve ( 45) an inlet connection, a waste liquid pipe is connected to the outlet pipe of the fourth electromagnetic valve (45), and the waste liquid pipe is connected with the waste liquid outlet joint;
  • the reverse osmosis water joint is connected with the inlet of the third electromagnetic valve through the second gear pump in series, and the dialysis tube connected from the outlet of the third electromagnetic valve is divided into two paths, one of which is connected with the third three-way electromagnetic
  • the upper outlet of the valve is connected, the other is connected to the lower outlet of the fourth three-way solenoid valve, and the lower outlet of the third three-way solenoid valve and the upper outlet of the fourth three-way solenoid valve are connected to the dialysate joint through the pipeline ;
  • a liquid pipe is connected in series with the first electromagnetic valve and the A liquid joint, and is connected with the A liquid tank, and the B liquid pipe is connected in series with the second electromagnetic valve and B. After the liquid joint, connect with the B tank;
  • the inlet of the first three-way solenoid valve communicates with the left chamber of the first silicone oil chamber through a pipeline, and the right chamber of the first silicone oil chamber communicates with the inlet of the fourth three-way solenoid valve through the pipeline, first
  • the intermediate chamber of the silicone oil chamber is in communication with the first piston pump through the silicone oil pipe;
  • the inlet of the second three-way solenoid valve communicates with the left chamber of the second silicone oil chamber through the pipeline, and the right chamber of the second silicone oil chamber passes through the tube
  • the road is in communication with the inlet of the third three-way solenoid valve, and the intermediate chamber of the second silicone oil chamber is in communication with the second piston pump through the silicone oil pipe.
  • each silicone oil chamber is filled with silicone oil, a reverse osmosis water joint, a second gear pump, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth three-way solenoid valve, a first silicone oil chamber, a third three-way solenoid valve,
  • the second silicone oil chamber, the dialysate joint and the connecting line between them constitute a dialysate circuit; a waste liquid inlet joint, a waste liquid outlet joint, a first gear pump, a first three-way solenoid valve, a first silicone oil chamber, a second The three-way solenoid valve, the second silicone oil chamber, the fourth solenoid valve, and the connecting line therebetween form a waste liquid circuit.
  • the pressure generated by the gear pump causes the diaphragm in the silicone oil chamber to move to the left and close to the cavity wall, the amount of waste liquid entering the left side of the silicone oil chamber and the amount of dialysate discharged on the right side can be completely consistent, if To achieve dehydration from the human body ultrafiltration, it is only necessary to let the piston pump pump the silicone oil in the middle chamber of the silicone oil chamber to a certain amount in this process. At this end of the process, the piston in the piston pump is returned to the previous position.
  • the first silicone oil chamber and the second silicone oil chamber have the same structure, and are respectively fixed by the left and right halves, and the opposite end faces of the left and right halves are provided with grooves of a shape and size.
  • Forming a cavity of the silicone oil chamber wherein the inner cavity is provided with two diaphragms, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm separating the inner cavity of the silicone oil chamber into a left chamber and a right chamber, and two diaphragms
  • Forming an intermediate chamber wherein the intermediate chamber communicates with the inner cavity of the piston pump through the silicone oil pipe; a through-flow hole is opened in the cavity wall of the left and right chambers, and each of the lead-through holes passes through the pipeline and corresponds to three The inlet joint of the solenoid valve is connected.
  • the above structure is simple and practical, easy to disassemble and assemble, and has good reliability.
  • the left chamber of the silicone oil chamber is filled through the corresponding three-way solenoid valve, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are pushed by the hydraulic pressure toward the right chamber. Movement, the right chamber is drained through the corresponding three-way solenoid valve; similarly, when the right chamber passes through the liquid, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are hydraulically pushed toward the left chamber, so that Discharge the left chamber.
  • the size of the intermediate chamber can be kept constant, the amount of liquid entering and discharging from the left and right chambers can be ensured at all times.
  • the size of the intermediate chamber can be changed by suction of the silicone oil by the piston pump, thereby changing the size of the left and right chambers.
  • a pressure ring is disposed between the edges of the first and second diaphragms, and the edges of the pressure ring and the first and second diaphragms are pressed by the two halves, and the top of the pressure ring is fixed by a pressure plate
  • a pressure ring joint is connected to the silicone oil pipe, and the inner hole of the pressure ring joint communicates with the intermediate chamber through a through hole formed at the top of the pressure ring.
  • a sealing ring is installed between the pressure ring joint and the pressure ring.
  • a lead-through hole is defined in an upper portion and a lower portion of the left chamber wall of the silicone oil chamber, and an outer port of each of the lead-through holes is provided with a joint, and the upper and lower joints are respectively connected with the two ports of the three-way hose.
  • the third port of the three-way hose is connected to the inlet joint of the first or second three-way solenoid valve.
  • the upper and lower portions of the right chamber wall of the silicone oil chamber are provided with a through-flow hole, and the outer ports of each of the lead-through holes are equipped with joints, and the upper and lower joints are respectively connected with the two ports of the three-way hose.
  • the third port of the three-way hose is connected to the inlet joint of the third or fourth three-way solenoid valve.
  • a bypass pipe is connected to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the first gear pump, and the first pressure relief valve is connected to the bypass pipe; the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the second gear pump are also connected
  • a bypass pipe is connected to the bypass pipe with a second pressure relief valve.
  • the invention installs a pressure relief valve at the outlet of each gear pump, so that the water passage will not leak or burst even when the solenoid valve is closed, so that the entire waterway system is stable.
  • the pumping of the silicone oil in the middle chamber of the silicone oil chamber by the piston pump realizes the dosing and ultrafiltration functions of the dialysis equipment, simplifies the waterway system, improves the reliability, and reduces the equipment cost.
  • the structure is simple and practical, the assembly is convenient and fast, and the operation is stable and reliable.
  • the silicone oil filled in the intermediate chamber is stable in chemical properties and good in biological performance. It can effectively improve the precision of liquid dispensing and ultrafiltration precision when used in dialysis equipment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection of a silicone oil chamber to a piston pump and a three-way solenoid valve in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a reference view of the use state of the present invention. detailed description
  • the tank 1 is provided with a waste liquid inlet joint 10, a waste liquid outlet joint 23, a dialysate joint 11, a reverse osmosis joint 22, a liquid joint 12, a B liquid joint 15, and a control circuit 26, wherein waste
  • the liquid inlet joint 10 is connected to the inlet of the first gear pump 9 through a pipe.
  • the outlet of the first gear pump 9 is connected to one port of the four-way joint through a pipe, and the second port of the four-way joint is connected with a bypass pipe.
  • the bypass pipe is connected in series with the first pressure relief valve 8, it is in communication with the liquid inlet of the first gear pump 9, and the third port of the four-way joint is connected to the upper outlet of the first three-way solenoid valve 4 through the pipeline.
  • the fourth port of the through joint is connected to the lower outlet of the second three-way solenoid valve 6 through a line.
  • the lower outlet of the first three-way solenoid valve 4 is connected to one port of the three-way joint through a pipeline, and the second port of the three-way joint is connected to the upper outlet of the second three-way solenoid valve 6 through a pipeline, the three-way
  • the third port of the joint is connected to the inlet of the fourth solenoid valve 45 through a line.
  • the outlet of the fourth solenoid valve 45 is connected to a waste liquid pipe 24, and the waste liquid pipe 24 is connected to the waste liquid outlet joint 23.
  • the reverse osmosis water joint 22 is connected to the inlet of the second gear pump 21 through a pipe, and the second gear pump 21
  • the outlet is connected to the inlet of the third solenoid valve 20 through a pipeline.
  • a bypass pipe is connected to the inlet port and the outlet port of the second gear pump 21, and a second pressure relief valve 19 is connected to the bypass pipe.
  • the outlet of the third solenoid valve 20 is connected to one port of the three-way joint through the dialysis tube 27, and the second port of the three-way joint is connected to the upper outlet of the third three-way solenoid valve 18 through a pipeline, the three-way joint
  • the third port is connected to the lower outlet of the fourth three-way solenoid valve 25 through a pipe.
  • the lower outlet of the third three-way solenoid valve 18 and the upper outlet of the fourth three-way solenoid valve 25 are connected by piping to two ports of another three-way joint, and the third port of the three-way joint passes through the tube
  • the road is connected to the dialysate connector 11.
  • An A liquid pipe 28 and a B liquid pipe 29 are connected to the dialysis pipe 27, wherein the A liquid pipe 28 is connected in series with the first electromagnetic valve 16 and the A liquid joint 12, and is connected with the A liquid tank 13; After the second electromagnetic valve 17 and the B liquid connection 15 are connected in series, they are connected to the B liquid tank 14.
  • the first silicone oil chamber 3 and the second silicone oil chamber 5 have the same structure, and are respectively formed by the left and right halves 30 and 31, and the two halves pass through.
  • the screws are fixed, and the opposite end faces of the left and right halves 30, 31 are provided with grooves of a shape and size to form a cavity of the silicone oil chamber.
  • a first diaphragm 32 and a second diaphragm 33 are disposed in the inner cavity of the silicone oil chamber, and a pressure ring 39 is disposed between the edges of the first and second diaphragms 32, 33, and the pressure ring 39 and the first and the third The edges of the two diaphragms 32, 33 are pressed by the two halves 30, 31.
  • the first diaphragm 32 and the second diaphragm 33 divide the inner cavity of the silicone oil chamber into a left chamber 34 and a right chamber 35, and an intermediate chamber 36 is formed between the two diaphragms 32, 33.
  • the upper and lower portions of the cavity wall of the left chamber 34 of the first silicone oil chamber 3 are provided with a through-flow hole 38, and the outer ports of each of the lead-through holes 38 are provided with a joint 44, and the upper and lower joints 44 and three respectively
  • the two ports of the rubber hose 42 are connected, and the third port of the three-way hose 42 is connected to the inlet joint of the first three-way solenoid valve 4.
  • a through-flow hole 38 is also formed, and the outer ports of each of the lead-through holes 2d are provided with joints, and the upper and lower joints are respectively connected with the other three
  • the two ports of the hose are connected, and the third port of the three-way hose is connected to the inlet of the fourth three-way solenoid valve 25.
  • a through hole 38 is opened, and the outer ports of each of the through holes 38 are provided with a joint 44, and the upper and lower joints 44 They are respectively connected to the two ports of the three-way hose 42, and the third port of the three-way hose 42 is connected to the inlet joint of the second three-way solenoid valve 6.
  • a through hole 38 is also formed, and the outer ports of each of the through holes 2d are provided with joints, and the upper and lower joints are respectively connected with the other three
  • the two ports of the hose are connected, and the third port of the three-way hose is connected to the inlet joint of the third three-way solenoid valve 18.
  • a pressure ring joint 41 is fixed to the top of the two silicone oil chamber pressure rings 39 via a pressure plate 40, and a seal ring 43 is mounted between the pressure ring joint 41 and the pressure ring 39.
  • the inner hole of the pressure ring joint 41 of the first silicone oil chamber 3 communicates with the corresponding intermediate chamber 36 through a through hole formed at the top of the pressure ring 39, and the pressure ring joint 41 is connected with one end of the silicone oil pipe 37, and the silicone oil pipe 37 is The other end is connected to the pipe interface of the first piston pump 2.
  • the inner hole of the ring joint 41 communicates with the corresponding intermediate chamber 36 through a through hole formed at the top of the pressure ring 39, and the pressure ring joint 41 is connected to one end of the silicone oil pipe 37, and the other end of the silicone oil pipe 37 and the second piston pump 7 The pipe interfaces are connected.
  • a first solenoid valve 16 a second solenoid valve 17 a first piston pump 2, a second piston pump 7, a first gear pump 9, and a second gear pump 21 are all connected to the control circuit. 26 electrical connections.
  • a reverse osmosis water joint 22 a reverse osmosis water joint 22, a second gear pump 21, a third electromagnetic valve 20, a fourth three-way solenoid valve 25, a first silicone oil chamber 3, a third three-way solenoid valve 18, a second silicone oil chamber 5, a dialysate joint 11 and
  • the connecting line between them constitutes a dialysate circuit; a waste liquid inlet joint 10, a waste liquid outlet joint 23, a first gear pump 9, a first three-way solenoid valve 4, a first silicone oil chamber 3, and a second three-way solenoid valve 6.
  • the second silicone oil chamber 5 and the connecting line between them form a waste liquid circuit.
  • the two-piston pump 7 further sucks the B liquid into the right chamber of the second silicone oil chamber 5 by extracting a certain silicone oil, and the process realizes the configuration of the dialysate; after completing the above process, the third electromagnetic valve 20 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 45 Open, the first piston pump 2 and the second piston pump 7 return to their original positions ready for the next process.
  • the second process is completely opposite to the first process, as is the configuration of the dialysate and the ultrafiltration dewatering.
  • the control circuit 26 controls the flow of the dialysate per unit time by controlling the time during which each process is fixed. As shown in Fig. 4, during the dialysis treatment, when the dosing and ultrafiltration devices are connected with the reverse osmosis water and the waste liquid, the dialysate configuration, the flow rate of the dialysate per unit time, and the super-human body can be realized. Filter dehydration.

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Description

一种血液净化用配液及超滤装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种血液净化用设备, 尤其是用于血液透析用的配液及超滤装置。 背景技术
血液透析 (HD ) 是血液净化治疗的一种最重要的模式, 它目前是治疗尿毒症、 急慢性 肾衰综末期患者耐以生存的主要治疗方式。 由于尿毒症患者的肾脏器官部分或完全失去了 排尿功能, 故需要进行血液透析治疗, 而血液透析的两个主要作用为: 1 ) 通过透析液与 血液的弥散原理来清除体内毒素或纠正酸碱平衡; 2 ) 通过超滤系统从人体血液和组织液 中超滤出多余水分。
血液透析设备为实现以上两个目的, 一般需要具有透析液配置功能和超滤脱水功能。 透析液的主要成分为: Na+ ( 140mmol/L), K+ ( 2. 5mmol/L)、 Mg2+ ( 1. Ommol/L), Ca2+ ( 1. 5mmol/L)、 HC03— ( 35mmol/L) 等, 其各离子浓度基本和人体血液一致。 透析液配制方式主要通过酸性 浓縮液 (A液) 和碱性浓縮液 (B液) 按照一定的比例与反渗水进行配置, 通过监测系统监 测合格的透析液才允许在透析器的膜外与膜内的血液通过弥散作用清除毒素。
以往的透析设备一般采用专门的配液装置和超滤装置, 以实现配置合格的透析液和从 人体超滤脱水, 所存在的不足在于:
1、 超滤泵和浓縮液泵都需要高精度的计量泵, 成本较高;
2、 整个透析设备的水路系统复杂, 可靠度低。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种能够简单实现从人体精确脱水和实现透析液 配置的血液净化用配液及超滤装置。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 包括箱体, 其特征在于: 所述箱体上设置有废液入 口接头 (10)、 废液出口接头 (23)、 透析液接头 (11 )、 反渗水接头 (22 ) 和配液接头, 在 所述箱体内, 设置有第一硅油腔 (3 ) 和第二硅油腔 (5 ) 以及第一活塞泵 (2 ) 和第二活塞 泵 (7), 还设置有第一齿轮泵 (9) 和第二齿轮泵 (21 ), 所述第一硅油腔 (3 ) 和第二硅油 腔 (5 ) 分别由两块膜片分隔成左腔室、 右腔室和中间腔室; 与废液入口接头 (10) 连接的 第一齿轮泵(9 )分别与第一硅油腔(3 )和第二硅油腔(5 )的左腔室连接, 第一硅油腔(3 ) 和第二硅油腔 (5 ) 的左腔室还与废液出口接头 (23 ) 连接; 与反渗水接头 (22 ) 连接的第 二齿轮泵(21 )分别与第一硅油腔(3 )和第二硅油腔(5 ) 的右腔室连接, 第一硅油腔(3 ) 和第二硅油腔 (5 ) 的右腔室还与透析液接头 (11 ) 连接; 所述第一活塞泵 (2 ) 与第一硅 油腔 (3 ) 的中间腔室连通, 第二活塞泵 (7 ) 与第二硅油腔 (5 ) 的中间腔室连通; 在第二 齿轮泵 (21 ) 与所述第一硅油腔 (3 ) 和第二硅油腔 (5 ) 的右腔室连接的管路上还接有配 液管, 所述配液管通过配液接头与配液桶连接。
A、 所述废液入口接头通过管路与第一齿轮泵的进口相连, 从第一齿轮泵出口接出的管 路分为两路, 其中一路与第一三通电磁阀的上出口连接, 另一路与第二三通电磁阀的下出 口连接, 所述第一三通电磁阀的下出口与第二三通电磁阀的上出口之间接有管路, 该管路 与第四电磁阀 (45 ) 进口连接, 该第四电磁阀 (45 ) 的出口管路上接有废液管, 废液管与 废液出口接头连接;
B、 所述反渗水接头通过管路串联第二齿轮泵后, 与第三电磁阀的进口相连, 从第三电 磁阀出口接出的透析管分为两路, 其中一路与第三三通电磁阀的上出口连接, 另一路与第 四三通电磁阀的下出口连接, 所述第三三通电磁阀的下出口和第四三通电磁阀的上出口均 通过管路与透析液接头连接;
C 在所述透析管上接有 A液管和 B液管, 其中 A液管依次串联第一电磁阀及 A液接头 后, 与 A液桶连接, B液管依次串联第二电磁阀及 B液接头后, 与 B液桶连接;
D、 所述第一三通电磁阀的进口通过管路与第一硅油腔的左腔室相通, 第一硅油腔的右 腔室通过管路与第四三通电磁阀的进口相通, 第一硅油腔的中间腔室通过硅油管与第一活 塞泵连通; 所述第二三通电磁阀的进口通过管路与第二硅油腔的左腔室相通, 第二硅油腔 的右腔室通过管路与第三三通电磁阀的进口相通, 第二硅油腔的中间腔室通过硅油管与第 二活塞泵连通。
采用以上技术方案, 在每个硅油腔的中间腔室内充满硅油, 反渗水接头、 第二齿轮泵、 第三电磁阀、 第四三通电磁阀、 第一硅油腔、 第三三通电磁阀、 第二硅油腔、 透析液接头 以及它们之间的连接管路组成透析液回路; 废液入口接头、 废液出口接头、 第一齿轮泵、 第一三通电磁阀、 第一硅油腔、 第二三通电磁阀、 第二硅油腔、 第四电磁阀以及它们之间 的连接管路组成废液回路。 本发明通过齿轮泵产生的压力使硅油腔内的膜片在向左移动并 贴紧腔壁时, 硅油腔左侧内进入的废液量和右侧排出透析液量可保证完全一致, 如要实现 从人体超滤脱水, 只需在此过程中让活塞泵将硅油腔中间腔室的硅油抽出一定的量即可实 现, 在此过程结束时让活塞泵中的活塞回到之前的位置。 同样, 在硅油腔内的膜片在向右 移动并贴紧时, 先关闭第三电磁阀和第四电磁阀, 接着依次打开第一电磁阀和第二电磁阀, 然后仍然依靠活塞泵抽入一定量的 A液和 B液, 并在硅油腔内实现混合, 在此过程结束时 仍然让活塞泵中的活塞回到之前的位置。 该种模式省略 T A、 B液泵和超滤泵, 简化了透析 设备的水路系统, 同时实现了透析设备的超滤和配液功能。
上述第一硅油腔和第二硅油腔的结构相同, 均由左、 右两个半体扣合固定而成, 在左、 右两个半体的相对端面开设有形状大小相适应的凹槽, 组成硅油腔的内腔, 该内腔中间隔 设置有两块膜片, 第一膜片和第二膜片将硅油腔的内腔分隔成左腔室和右腔室, 并且两块 膜片之间形成中间腔室, 该中间腔室通过硅油管与活塞泵的内腔相通; 在所述左、 右腔室 的腔壁上均开设有引流通孔, 各引流通孔通过管路与对应三通电磁阀的进口接头相连。
以上结构简单实用、 拆装容易、 可靠性好, 当硅油腔的左腔室通过相应地三通电磁阀 进液时, 第一膜片和第二膜片在液压的推动下朝着右腔室运动, 使右腔室通过对应的三通 电磁阀排液; 同理, 当右腔室通过进液时, 第一膜片和第二膜片在液压的推动下朝着左腔 室运动, 使左腔室排液。 第一膜片和第二膜片在左右移动过程中, 如果保持中间腔室的大 小不变, 即可时刻保证左、 右腔室进入和排出的液体量完全一致。 当第一膜片、 第二膜片 被贴紧腔壁时, 可通过活塞泵对硅油的抽吸来改变中间腔室的大小, 进而改变左、 右腔室 的大小。
在上述第一、 第二膜片的边缘之间设有压环, 该压环和第一、 第二膜片的边缘由两个 半体压紧, 在所述压环的顶部通过压板固定有压环接头, 该压环接头与硅油管连接, 并且 压环接头的内孔通过压环顶部开设的通孔与中间腔室相通。 以上结构一方面有利于装配, 另一方面保证了硅油、 透析液和废液在一定压力下不出现泄漏, 提高了可靠性。
为了增强密封效果, 在上述压环接头与压环之间安装有密封圈。
在上述硅油腔左腔室腔壁的上部和下部均开设有引流通孔, 各引流通孔的外端口均装 有接头, 上、 下两个接头分别与三通胶管的两个端口连接, 所述三通胶管的第三个端口与 第一或第二三通电磁阀的进口接头相连。 在三通胶管和上、 下引流通孔的配合下, 硅油腔 左腔室的上、 下部同时进液或排液, 这样液体流动均匀、 平稳, 能确保单位时间通过腔体 的流量精确。
同理, 在上述硅油腔右腔室腔壁的上部和下部均开设有引流通孔, 各引流通孔的外端 口均装有接头, 上、 下两个接头分别与三通胶管的两个端口连接, 所述三通胶管的第三个 端口与第三或第四三通电磁阀的进口接头相连。 在上述第一齿轮泵的进液口和出液口上连接有旁通管, 该旁通管上接有第一泄压阀; 所述第二齿轮泵的进液口和出液口上也连接有旁通管, 该旁通管上接有第二泄压阀。 本发 明在每个齿轮泵的出口都安装一个泄压阀, 即使电磁阀关闭时水路也不会出现泄漏或爆管, 使得整个水路系统运行稳定。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、 通过控制单位时间硅油腔中间腔室内的膜片左右移动次数, 实现单位时间透析液量 的精确控制;
2、 通过活塞泵对硅油腔中间腔室内硅油的抽吸, 同时实现了透析设备的配液和超滤功 能, 简化了水路系统, 提高了可靠性, 降低了设备成本。
3、 结构简单实用、 组装方便快捷, 并且运行平稳可靠, 中间腔室内充满的硅油化学 性能稳定、 生物学性能好, 用于透析设备时能有效提高配液精度和超滤精度。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的结构示意图。
图 2为本发明中硅油腔的与活塞泵及三通电磁阀的连接示意图。
图 3为图 2的 A-A剖视图。
图 4为本发明的使用状态参考图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
如图 1所示, 在箱体 1上装有废液入口接头 10、 废液出口接头 23、 透析液接头 11、 反 渗水接头 22、 A液接头 12、 B液接头 15和控制电路 26, 其中废液入口接头 10通过管路与 第一齿轮泵 9的进口相连, 第一齿轮泵 9的出口通过管路与四通接头的一个端口连接, 四 通接头的第二个端口接有旁通管, 该旁通管串联第一泄压阀 8后, 与第一齿轮泵 9的进液 口相通, 四通接头的第三个端口通过管路与第一三通电磁阀 4 的上出口连接, 四通接头的 第四个端口通过管路与第二三通电磁阀 6的下出口连接。 所述第一三通电磁阀 4的下出口 通过管路与三通接头的一个端口连接,三通接头的第二个端口通过管路与第二三通电磁阀 6 的上出口连接, 三通接头的第三个端口通过管路与第四电磁阀 45的进口连接, 该第四电磁 阀 45的出口连接有废液管 24, 废液管 24与废液出口接头 23连接。
从图 1中可知, 反渗水接头 22通过管路与第二齿轮泵 21的进口连接, 第二齿轮泵 21 的出口通过管路与第三电磁阀 20的进口相连, 在第二齿轮泵 21 的进液口和出液口上连接 有旁通管, 该旁通管上接有第二泄压阀 19。 所述第三电磁阀 20的出口通过透析管 27与三 通接头的一个端口连接, 三通接头的第二个端口通过管路与第三三通电磁阀 18的上出口连 接, 三通接头的第三个端口通过管路与第四三通电磁阀 25的下出口连接。 所述第三三通电 磁阀 18的下出口和第四三通电磁阀 25的上出口通过管路连接在另一个三通接头的两个端 口上, 该三通接头的第三个端口通过管路与透析液接头 11连接。在所述透析管 27上接有 A 液管 28和 B液管 29, 其中 A液管 28依次串联第一电磁阀 16及 A液接头 12后, 与 A液桶 13连接; B液管 29依次串联第二电磁阀 17及 B液接头 15后, 与 B液桶 14连接。
从图 1、 图 2、 图 3所示, 第一硅油腔 3和第二硅油腔 5的结构相同, 均由左、 右两个 半体 30、 31扣合而成, 两半体之间通过螺钉固定, 在左、 右两个半体 30、 31 的相对端面 开设有形状大小相适应的凹槽, 组成硅油腔的内腔。 在硅油腔的内腔中设置有第一膜片 32 和第二膜片 33, 第一、 第二膜片 32、 33的边缘之间设有压环 39, 该压环 39和第一、 第二 膜片 32、 33的边缘由两个半体 30、 31压紧。 第一膜片 32和第二膜片 33将硅油腔的内腔 分隔成左腔室 34和右腔室 35, 并且两块膜片 32、 33之间形成中间腔室 36。 在所述第一硅 油腔 3左腔室 34腔壁的上部和下部均开设有引流通孔 38, 各引流通孔 38的外端口均装有 接头 44, 上、 下两个接头 44分别与三通胶管 42的两个端口连接, 所述三通胶管 42的第三 个端口与第一三通电磁阀 4的进口接头相连。在第一硅油腔 3右腔室 35腔壁的上部和下部 均也开设有引流通孔 38, 各引流通孔 2d的外端口均装有接头, 上、下两个接头分别与另一 根三通胶管的两个端口连接, 该三通胶管的第三个端口与第四三通电磁阀 25的进口接头相 连。
同理,在所述第二硅油腔 5左腔室 34腔壁的上部和下部均开设有引流通孔 38, 各引流 通孔 38的外端口均装有接头 44, 上、 下两个接头 44分别与三通胶管 42的两个端口连接, 所述三通胶管 42的第三个端口与第二三通电磁阀 6的进口接头相连。在第二硅油腔 5右腔 室 35腔壁的上部和下部均也开设有引流通孔 38, 各引流通孔 2d的外端口均装有接头, 上、 下两个接头分别与另一根三通胶管的两个端口连接, 该三通胶管的第三个端口与第三三通 电磁阀 18的进口接头相连。
从图 1中还可知, 在两个硅油腔压环 39的顶部通过压板 40固定有压环接头 41, 所述 压环接头 41与压环 39之间安装有密封圈 43。所述第一硅油腔 3上压环接头 41的内孔通过 压环 39顶部开设的通孔与对应的中间腔室 36相通, 并且压环接头 41与硅油管 37的一端 连接, 硅油管 37的另一端与第一活塞泵 2的管道接口相连。 同理, 所述第二硅油腔 5上压 环接头 41的内孔通过压环 39顶部开设的通孔与对应的中间腔室 36相通,并且压环接头 41 与硅油管 37的一端连接, 硅油管 37的另一端与第二活塞泵 7的管道接口相连。
本发明中, 4个三通电磁阀、 第一电磁阀 16、 第二电磁阀 17、 第一活塞泵 2、 第二活 塞泵 7、 第一齿轮泵 9和第二齿轮泵 21均与控制电路 26电连接。 反渗水接头 22、 第二齿 轮泵 21、 第三电磁阀 20、 第四三通电磁阀 25、 第一硅油腔 3、 第三三通电磁阀 18、 第二硅 油腔 5、 透析液接头 11以及它们之间的连接管路组成透析液回路; 废液入口接头 10、 废液 出口接头 23、 第一齿轮泵 9、 第一三通电磁阀 4、 第一硅油腔 3、 第二三通电磁阀 6、 第二 硅油腔 5以及它们之间的连接管路组成废液回路。
本发明的工作过程如下:
第一过程中: 第三电磁阀 20和第四电磁阀 45处于打开状态时, 第三三通电磁阀 18的上出 口和进口连通、 下出口关闭, 第四三通电磁阀 25的上出口和进口连通、 下出口关闭, 第一三 通电磁阀 4的上出口和进口连通、 下出口关闭, 第二三通电磁阀 6的上出口和进口连通、 下出 口关闭,废液在第一齿轮泵 9的驱动下进入第一硅油腔 3的左腔室并同时排出右腔室的透析液, 直到膜片贴紧腔壁, 然后第一活塞泵 2从膜片中间腔室中抽出一定的硅油, 第一硅油腔 3左腔 室的废液量会增加, 此增加的量即为抽出的硅油量, 也即为脱水量; 同时, 加热后的反渗水 在第二齿轮泵 21的驱动下进入第二硅油腔的右腔室并同时排出左腔室的废液, 直到膜片贴紧 腔壁, 然后第三电磁阀 20和第四电磁阀 45关闭、第一电磁阀 16打开, 此时第二活塞泵 7抽出一 定的硅油, 因第二硅油腔 5的进出口完全密闭, 故即可抽入等量的 A液进入第二硅油腔 5的右腔 室, 接着第一电磁阀 16关闭、第二电磁阀 17打开, 第二活塞泵 7再通过抽出一定的硅油而吸入 B液进入第二硅油腔 5的右腔室, 该过程即实现透析液的配置; 完成以上过程后, 第三电磁阀 20和第四电磁阀 45打开, 第一活塞泵 2和第二活塞泵 7恢复原来的位置准备进行下一过程。
第二过程与第一过程完全相反, 同样实现透析液的配置和超滤脱水。
控制电路 26通过控制固定每一个过程的时间, 即实现了单位时间透析液流量的控制。 如图 4所示, 在进行透析治疗的过程中, 当把配液及超滤装置与反渗水和废液连接时, 即能实现透析液的配置、 单位时间透析液的流量控制和从人体超滤脱水。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1、 一种血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 包括箱体, 其特征在于: 所述箱体上设置有废液入口 接头 (10)、 废液出口接头 (23)、 透析液接头 (11 )、 反渗水接头 (22)和配液接头, 在所 述箱体内, 设置有第一硅油腔 (3)和第二硅油腔 (5) 以及第一活塞泵 (2)和第二活塞泵
(7), 还设置有第一齿轮泵 (9)和第二齿轮泵 (21 ), 所述第一硅油腔(3)和第二硅油腔 (5 )分别由两块膜片分隔成左腔室、 右腔室和中间腔室; 与废液入口接头 (10)连接的第 一齿轮泵 (9) 分别与第一硅油腔(3)和第二硅油腔(5) 的左腔室连接, 第一硅油腔(3) 和第二硅油腔 (5) 的左腔室还与废液出口接头 (23 )连接; 与反渗水接头 (22)连接的第 二齿轮泵(21 )分别与第一硅油腔(3)和第二硅油腔(5)的右腔室连接, 第一硅油腔(3) 和第二硅油腔 (5 ) 的右腔室还与透析液接头 (11 ) 连接; 所述第一活塞泵 (2 ) 与第一硅 油腔(3) 的中间腔室连通, 第二活塞泵 (7) 与第二硅油腔 (5) 的中间腔室连通; 在第二 齿轮泵 (21 ) 与所述第一硅油腔 (3 ) 和第二硅油腔 (5) 的右腔室连接的管路上还接有配 液管, 所述配液管通过配液接头与配液桶连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 其特征在于,
A、 所述废液入口接头 (10) 通过管路与第一齿轮泵 (9) 的进口相连, 从第一齿轮泵 (9) 出口接出的管路分为两路, 其中一路与第一三通电磁阀 (4) 的上出口连接, 另一路 与第二三通电磁阀 (6) 的下出口连接, 所述第一三通电磁阀 (4) 的下出口与第二三通电 磁阀(6)的上出口之间接有管路,该管路与第四电磁阀(45)进口连接,该第四电磁阀(45) 的出口管路上接有废液管 (24), 废液管 (24) 与废液出口接头 (23) 连接;
B、 所述反渗水接头 (22)通过管路串联第二齿轮泵 (21 )后, 与第三电磁阀 (20) 的 进口相连, 从第三电磁阀 (20) 出口接出的透析管 (27) 分为两路, 其中一路与第三三通 电磁阀 (18 ) 的上出口连接, 另一路与第四三通电磁阀 (25) 的下出口连接, 所述第三三 通电磁阀 (18) 的下出口和第四三通电磁阀 (25) 的上出口均通过管路与透析液接头 (11 ) 连接;
C 在所述透析管 (27) 上接有 A液管 (28) 和 B液管 (29), 其中 A液管 (28) 依次 串联第一电磁阔 (1.6)及 A液接头 (12)后, 与 A液桶 (13)连接, B液管(29)依次串联 第二电磁阀 (17)及 B液接头 (15) 后, 与 B液桶 (14) 连接;
D、 所述第一三通电磁阀 (4) 的进口通过管路与第一硅油腔(3) 的左腔室相通, 第一 硅油腔 (3) 的右腔室通过管路与第四三通电磁阀 (25) 的进口相通, 第一硅油腔 (3) 的
修改页 (条约第 19条) 中间腔室通过硅油管与第一活塞泵 (2 ) 连通; 所述第二三通电磁阀 (6) 的进口通过管路 与第二硅油腔 (5) 的左腔室相通, 第二硅油腔 (5 ) 的右腔室通过管路与第三三通电磁阀 ( 18) 的进口相通, 第二硅油腔 (5) 的中间腔室通过硅油管与第二活塞泵 (7) 连通。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 其特征在于: 所述第一硅油腔 (3) 和第二硅油腔 (5) 的结构相同, 均由左、 右两个半体 (30、 31 ) 扣合固定而成, 在左、 右 两个半体 (30、 31 ) 的相对端面开设有形状大小相适应的凹槽, 组成硅油腔的内腔, 该内 腔中间隔设置有两块膜片 (32、 33), 第一膜片 (32) 和第二膜片 (33) 将硅油腔的内腔分 隔成左腔室 (34) 和右腔室 (35), 并且两块膜片 (32、 33) 之间形成中间腔室 (36 ), 该 中间腔室(36)通过硅油管(37)与活塞泵(2或 7) 的内腔相通; 在所述左、 右腔室(34、 35) 的腔壁上均开设有引流通孔 (38), 各引流通孔 (38)通过管路与对应三通电磁阀的进 口接头相连。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 其特征在于: 在所述第一、 第二膜 片 (32、 33) 的边缘之间设有压环 (39), 该压环 (39) 和第一、 第二膜片 (32、 33) 的边 缘由两个半体 (30、 31 ) 压紧, 在所述压环 (39) 的顶部通过压板 (40) 固定有压环接头 (41 ), 该压环接头 (41 ) 与硅油管连接, 并且压环接头 (41 ) 的内孔通过压环 (39) 顶部 开设的通孔与中间腔室 (36) 相通。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 其特征在于: 在所述压环接头(41 ) 与压环 (39) 之间安装有密封圈 (43)。
6、 根据权利要求 3或 4或 5所述的血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 其特征在于: 在所述硅油 腔左腔室 (34) 腔壁的上部和下部均开设有引流通孔 (38), 各引流通孔 (38) 的外端口均 装有接头 (44), 上、 下两个接头 (44) 分别与三通胶管 (42) 的两个端口连接, 所述三通 胶管 (42) 的第三个端口与第一或第二三通电磁阀 (4或 6) 的进口接头相连。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 其特征在于: 在所述硅油腔右腔室 ( 35)腔壁的上部和下部均开设有引流通孔(38), 各引流通孔(38)的外端口均装有接头, 上、 下两个接头分别与三通胶管的两个端口连接, 所述三通胶管的第三个端口与第三或第 四三通电磁阀 (18或 25) 的进口接头相连。
8、根据权利要求 Ί所述的血液净化用配液及超滤装置,其特征在于:在所述第一齿轮泵(9) 的进液口和出液口上连接有旁通管,该旁通管上接有第一泄压阀(8);所述第二齿轮泵(21 ) 的进液口和出液口上也连接有旁通管, 该旁通管上接有第二泄压阀 (19)。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的血液净化用配液及超滤装置, 其特征在于: 所述第一三通电磁阀 (4)、 第二三通电磁阀 (6)、 第三三通电磁阀 (18)、 第一三通电磁阀 (25)、 第一电磁阀 (16)、 第二电磁阀 (17)、 第一活塞泵 (2)、 第二活塞泵 (7)、 第一齿轮泵 (9) 和第二齿 轮泵 (21) 均与控制电路 (26) 电连接。
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