WO2010127661A2 - Installation solaire pour la production d'énergie électrique et thermique - Google Patents

Installation solaire pour la production d'énergie électrique et thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010127661A2
WO2010127661A2 PCT/DE2010/000483 DE2010000483W WO2010127661A2 WO 2010127661 A2 WO2010127661 A2 WO 2010127661A2 DE 2010000483 W DE2010000483 W DE 2010000483W WO 2010127661 A2 WO2010127661 A2 WO 2010127661A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
solar
radiation
heat absorption
energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2010/000483
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010127661A3 (fr
Inventor
Johann Zimmer
Original Assignee
Johann Zimmer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johann Zimmer filed Critical Johann Zimmer
Priority to DE112010001877T priority Critical patent/DE112010001877A5/de
Publication of WO2010127661A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010127661A2/fr
Publication of WO2010127661A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010127661A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the conversion of solar energy into electrical and thermal energy, in particular solar system, with at least one solar collector having at least a plurality of power generating solar cells, at least portions of the solar cells with at least one heat absorption medium leading heat removal line for training at least a first heat absorption cycle are thermally conductively connected.
  • Hybrid collectors are mainly used in applications where both forms of energy are needed permanently throughout the year.
  • solar systems of this kind comprise at least one solar collector, which is often constructed as a flat collector and has a large number of solar cells arranged next to one another in a plane.
  • power-generating solar cells are usually thermally conductively connected with their rear side facing away from the radiation incident surface with at least one leading a heat receiving medium piping system.
  • a heat absorption Circuit With the help of such a heat absorption Circuit, the resulting heat due to the solar radiation within the solar collector heat dissipated by the solar cells, which at the same time their efficiency in power generation is improved.
  • the additional heat generated can be fed to a hot water tank to heat the water used for daily needs.
  • devices of the aforementioned type have the disadvantage that the heat energy generated can not be dissipated to the required extent via the pipes arranged on the rear side of the solar cells. As a result, the temperature at the solar cells can only be lowered insufficiently, which thus has a detrimental effect on the efficiency of the solar cells, which always decreases with increasing temperature.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a device of the aforementioned type in such a way that the proportion of solar radiation converted by means of the solar cells is increased into electrical energy and the solar cells are permanently maintained at an optimum temperature level.
  • each solar cell is assigned on its radiation incident surface at least one Strahlungsbündler with a funnel-shaped reflection surface, and that on the opposite side of the radiation at least partially reflective Reflection surface of each Strahlungsbündlers a heat absorption medium is arranged, which is part of a second heat absorption cycle.
  • the heat absorption medium located on the opposite side of the solar radiation at least partially reflecting reflective surface of each Strahlungsbündlers is directly heated by the non-convertible into electrical energy fraction of solar radiation, for example, or there is an indirect heating of the heat absorbing medium by the heating of
  • the radiation beam with its funnel-shaped, in particular only certain radiation components corresponding wavelength reflective surface has, for example, a conically decreasing from its free Einstrahlquerrough in the direction of the solar cell wall.
  • the wall of the Strahlungsbündlers in the longitudinal extension is at least curved, with the radius of curvature in the direction of extension of the Strahlungsbündlers can change.
  • each radiation beam is designed as a radiation splitter having at least thermally transparent properties.
  • the use of a radiation beamformer designed as a radiation splitter has the advantage that, in particular, only certain radiation components are reflected at the reflection surface, in particular for the solar cells used in the solar collector and forming the bottom of a respective radiation beam.
  • the remaining radiation components which are not suitable for generating electrical energy and which are contained in the solar radiation preferably penetrate the wall of the radiation transmitter, which is in particular transparent, and thus heat the heat absorption medium located on the rear side of the radiation beam.
  • the wall of the radiation beam may be curved in such a way that its reflection surface has concave and / or convex surface areas.
  • the reflection surface of the radiation beam may preferably be provided with a specific radiation spectrum of the incident solar radiation reflecting coating.
  • the application of a coating to the reflection surface of the radiation beam has the advantage that its reflection behavior can be adjusted individually, in particular depending on the type of solar cell used in each case.
  • a coating can be applied relatively easily to the in particular funnel-shaped inner surface of a respective radiation bundler.
  • the coating may be, for example, a polymer-based selective semiconductor material.
  • Each Strahlungsbündler has in the region of its free Einstrahlqueriteses an incident radiation deflecting optical element, whereby in the also referred to as the aperture area Einstrahlquerrough optionally obliquely incident radiation in the direction of the bottom of the Radiation bundler forming solar cell deflected and concurrently concentrated in front of the solar cell spot.
  • the use of an especially designed as a Fresnel Fresnel lens element optical element has the advantage that a complex tracking of a respective solar collector in a preferably vertical orientation to the sun is not necessary, and thereby an advantageous large proportion of the incident solar radiation is directed to the solar cell.
  • a Fresnel lens it is of course also possible to use other optical elements which concentrate the incident sunlight onto the area of the solar cell.
  • a radiation bundler extends over at least a portion of one of the main directions of extension of a solar collector.
  • Such a design of the radiation bundlers has the advantage that only a small number of preferably elongated, trough-shaped radiation bundles are used instead of a large number of individual, often circular Einstrahlquerrough radiation beam.
  • Such a radiation beam is then assigned in particular to a plurality of solar cells arranged one behind the other.
  • a Strahlungsbündler can be formed both over only a portion and over the entire length of a main extension direction of a solar collector.
  • the main direction of extension in this context means the width and length of a usually rectangular solar collector.
  • a development of the invention provides that each solar cell and its associated Strahlungsbündler are thermally decoupled from each other. In addition, it is advantageously ensured that the heat generated at the radiation bundle is not transferred to the solar cell and thus there is no reduction in performance due to an undesired heat input.
  • an insulating layer of an insulating material is arranged in particular for this purpose.
  • the particular enclosing the solar cell to a large extent insulating layer thus prevents one Direct heat transfer from both the Strahlungsbündler and the second heat absorption cycle.
  • the back of each solar cell is the entire surface connected to the heat dissipation of the first heat absorption cycle. This ensures that almost all of the heat produced can be absorbed by the heat absorption medium flowing through the heat transfer line, which preferably has a rectangular cross-section, and can be removed from a respective solar collector. Thus, it is always possible to ensure a relatively low temperature at the solar cells, whereby a relatively high efficiency in the conversion of the sun's light energy into electrical energy is always achieved by means of the solar cells.
  • the heat-dissipating medium leading to the heat absorption medium is thermally insulated in the region of its outer, free lateral surface in order to advantageously avoid heat emission within the solar collector.
  • the resulting during transport of the heat absorption medium heat losses are thus advantageously low, which also has an advantageous effect on the utilization of the transported away by the heat absorption medium amount of heat.
  • the heated heat absorption medium of the first heat absorption cycle can be guided, for example, via a heat exchanger, through which, inter alia, the heat absorption medium of the second heat absorption cycle flowing into the interstices is preheated.
  • Physical state is changing refrigerant.
  • the use of a refrigerant has the advantage that it can transport heat energy in a cold cycle counter to a temperature gradient. Accordingly, the ambient temperature may, if necessary, be higher than the temperature of the cooling solar cells.
  • the prerequisite for carrying out such a cooling process with a refrigerant is the use of a refrigeration system which comprises at least one compressor, a throttle, a condenser and an evaporator.
  • At least one pipe with a carrier liquid flowing therein for heat removal is arranged in the heat absorption medium filling the interstices between the radiation bundles.
  • a plurality of pipes run parallel or transversely between each other between the radiation bundles having a predetermined arrangement.
  • At least two of the arranged in the spaces between the Strahlungsbündmin pipes preferably run transversely to each other, whereby an improved heat dissipation of the thermal energy absorbed by the heat absorption medium is ensured.
  • the pipelines guided through the heat absorption medium in particular form a grid or grid between the individual radiation bundles.
  • Each pipe is also equipped with a heat radiation concentrator, which concentrates the thermal energy on the pipes in the heat-absorbing medium, thus allowing the thermal energy from the heat-absorbing medium to be used more efficiently.
  • a heat radiation concentrator may be formed for example by means of webs extending radially along the pipes, which protrude approximately star-shaped on the pipes and thereby an advantageous heat conduction, -transmission from areas of the heat-absorbing medium with higher
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial view of a solar collector according to the invention for converting solar energy into electrical and thermal energy
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of a device for solar energy conversion having at least one solar collector
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a radiation bundler
  • FIG. 5 shows a view of a third embodiment of a
  • the housing 2 has a transparent cover 8.
  • the solar cells 5, 6 are arranged at the lower, tapered end of the radiation beam 7, T, wherein a thermal decoupling of each other is ensured.
  • the wall 9 of each Strahlungsbündlers has in particular a curved in both main axes shape, whereby an advantageous reflection of the incident on the inner reflection surface 10 radiation in
  • a heat removal line 11, 11 'forming a first heat absorption circuit which has a rectangular cross section and in which a refrigerant which changes its state of aggregation is preferably accommodated.
  • the reflection surface 10 of each radiation beam 7, T can be provided with a specific radiation spectra-reflecting coating, so that certain portions of the incident solar radiation pass through the wall 9 of the radiation beam 7, T into the gap 12 between them and is absorbed by the space 12 filling the heat absorbing medium.
  • a second heat absorption circuit is formed.
  • these are preferably equipped with heat radiation concentrators 14, 14', 14 ", which, for example, as at the peripheral surface of the
  • Pipes 13, 13 'radially facing webs may be formed.
  • the heat removal lines 11, 11 'of the first heat absorption cycle are completely isolated.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in the form of a block diagram, a device 16 having at least one solar collector 1 for converting solar energy into electrical and thermal energy.
  • the electrical energy generated in the solar collector 1 by means of the solar cells 5, 6 is via the electrical line
  • the waste heat produced in the first heat absorption cycle 19 is transported via the pipeline 20 to a heat exchanger 22 arranged in particular within a heat accumulator 21 where the heat is removed or discharged and the cooled heat absorption medium via the pipeline 20 'of the first heat absorption cycle 19 to the solar collector recycled.
  • the waste heat generated within the second heat absorption circuit 23 is supplied by means of a heat transfer fluid via the pipe 24 to another, preferably in the heat accumulator 21 arranged heat exchanger 25, is checked via a control box 26, if the hot water tank can absorb more heat. If that is the case, the waste heat transported via the pipeline 24 is introduced into the heat accumulator 21. Otherwise, the waste heat is provided to a thermoelectric energy converter 27, which converts the thermal energy into electrical energy.
  • the energy generated by the energy converter 27 is also the inverter
  • the cooled heat transfer fluid of the second heat absorption circuit 23 is then passed via the pipe 24 'back to the solar collector 1.
  • the heat stored in the heat storage 21 heat can now be supplied to any consumer as needed.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 show, in particular, possible embodiments of the radiation beam 7, T, 28, 29 used in conjunction with a solar collector 1 (FIG. 1).
  • All of the radiation beams 7, T, 28, 29 have a fundamental function a funnel-shaped, concavely curved reflection surface 10, wherein the Strahlungsbündler 7, 7 'have an elongated, trough-shaped configuration.
  • a plurality of solar cells 5, 6 are arranged one behind the other at the bottom or bottom of each radiation bundle 7, T in this embodiment.
  • the radiation beams 28, 29 are designed in such a way that preferably only one individual solar cell 5, 6 is arranged at the bottom thereof.
  • the Strahlungsbündler 28 has in particular a circular Einstrahlquerites.
  • the radiation bundler 29 has a rectangular Einstrahlquerites, which in contrast to the Strahlungsbündler 28 can absorb the incident on the surface of the solar collector 1 radiant energy improved, since 29 prevail smaller distances between the individual Strahlungsbündmin.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour convertir de l'énergie solaire en énergie électrique et thermique, notamment une installation solaire, comprenant au moins un capteur solaire qui présente une pluralité de cellules solaires produisant du courant. Au moins des zones des capteurs solaires sont reliées de manière thermoconductrice à au moins une conduite de dissipation de chaleur dans laquelle circule un agent d'absorption thermique et qui sert à former au moins un premier circuit d'absorption thermique. Dans ce dispositif, au moins un concentrateur solaire présentant une surface de réflexion en entonnoir est associé à chaque cellule solaire sur sa surface d'incidence du rayonnement. Un agent d'absorption thermique, faisant partie d'un deuxième circuit d'absorption thermique, se trouve sur le côté opposé de la surface de réflexion, réfléchissant au moins partiellement le rayonnement, de chaque concentrateur solaire.
PCT/DE2010/000483 2009-05-02 2010-04-28 Installation solaire pour la production d'énergie électrique et thermique WO2010127661A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112010001877T DE112010001877A5 (de) 2009-05-02 2010-04-28 Solaranlage zur Erzeugung elektrischer und thermischer Energie

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202009006442.5 2009-05-02
DE200920006442 DE202009006442U1 (de) 2009-05-02 2009-05-02 Solaranlage zur Erzeugung elektrischer und thermischer Energie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010127661A2 true WO2010127661A2 (fr) 2010-11-11
WO2010127661A3 WO2010127661A3 (fr) 2011-04-21

Family

ID=40897144

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2010/000483 WO2010127661A2 (fr) 2009-05-02 2010-04-28 Installation solaire pour la production d'énergie électrique et thermique

Country Status (2)

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DE (2) DE202009006442U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010127661A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR20190100004A (el) * 2019-01-07 2020-08-31 Αλεξανδρος Χρηστου Παπαδοπουλος Ηλιακο συστημα τεσσαρων ηλιων για φ/β, θερμικα και κλιματιστικα συστηματα με πρισματικα κατοπτρα ομοιομορφης ηλιακης συγκεντρωσης

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ES2584335T3 (es) * 2010-08-06 2016-09-27 Pirelli & C. S.P.A. Módulo para aplicaciones solares fotovoltaicas de alta concentración
ITMI20131937A1 (it) 2013-11-21 2015-05-22 Er En Pannello fotovoltaico
DE102017006550A1 (de) * 2017-07-11 2019-01-17 Thomas Noll HVACC-Anlage zum Heizen, Lüften, Klimatisieren und zur zentralen Kältemittelversorgung für ein Gebäude
DE102018106202A1 (de) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Res – Regenerative Energietechnik Und –Systeme Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Heizung und/oder Kühlung von Flächen

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR20190100004A (el) * 2019-01-07 2020-08-31 Αλεξανδρος Χρηστου Παπαδοπουλος Ηλιακο συστημα τεσσαρων ηλιων για φ/β, θερμικα και κλιματιστικα συστηματα με πρισματικα κατοπτρα ομοιομορφης ηλιακης συγκεντρωσης

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112010001877A5 (de) 2012-08-09
DE202009006442U1 (de) 2009-07-23
WO2010127661A3 (fr) 2011-04-21

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