WO2010124971A1 - Apparatus for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Apparatus for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010124971A1
WO2010124971A1 PCT/EP2010/055235 EP2010055235W WO2010124971A1 WO 2010124971 A1 WO2010124971 A1 WO 2010124971A1 EP 2010055235 W EP2010055235 W EP 2010055235W WO 2010124971 A1 WO2010124971 A1 WO 2010124971A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
piston pin
connecting rod
bearing
torsion spring
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PCT/EP2010/055235
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kurt Salzgeber
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Avl List Gmbh
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Publication date
Application filed by Avl List Gmbh filed Critical Avl List Gmbh
Priority to CN2010800193536A priority Critical patent/CN102439272A/en
Priority to DE112010001815T priority patent/DE112010001815A5/en
Publication of WO2010124971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010124971A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/10—Connection to driving members
    • F16J1/14—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections
    • F16J1/16—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections with gudgeon-pin; Gudgeon-pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/044—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of an adjustable piston length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/045—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable connecting rod length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
    • F02D15/02—Varying compression ratio by alteration or displacement of piston stroke

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine with at least one reciprocating piston in a cylinder, which is connected via a piston pin pivotally connected to a connecting rod, wherein the piston pin rotatably in at least one piston pin bearing of the piston, as well as in a connecting rod bearing the connecting rod is mounted, wherein the Kobenbolzen in at least one bearing portion of the piston pin bearing and / or the connecting rod bearing has an eccentric, and wherein the piston pin is rotatable by a rotating device.
  • a reciprocating internal combustion engine with at least one adjustable variable compression ratio by means of an adjusting mechanism which comprises at least one arranged in a connecting rod eye or a Hublagerauge a connecting rod eccentric for changing an effective length of the connecting rod.
  • the eccentric is movable by means of a movement of the connecting rod caused by the torque. The adjustment of the eccentric takes place via an adjusting device.
  • DE 348 555 A discloses an adjustable piston pin bearing for internal combustion engines, wherein the socket, in which the piston pin is mounted eccentrically, is rotatably mounted eccentrically and lockable in a second socket.
  • a similar construction is also known from GB 412 781 A.
  • a reciprocating internal combustion engine with temperature-dependent adjusting dead center wherein the piston pin has an eccentricity in the region of the connecting rod relative to its protruding ends thereof.
  • the piston pin mounted in the piston is rigidly connected to a torsion element, which in turn is in rigid connection with the piston.
  • This torsion element consists of a memory metal.
  • the object of the invention is to allow as simple as possible in an internal combustion engine, a limitation of the peak pressure.
  • the rotating device is formed by a torsion spring and that the piston pin against the force of the torsion spring from a rest position in at least one pressure limiting position is rotatable, wherein preferably the eccentric is arranged in the region of the connecting rod bearing.
  • a spring-loaded latching device acts on a piston pin fixed rotational stop at least in the rest position, so that the piston pin is held in the rest position, wherein preferably the latching device by a radially by a compression spring is formed against the piston pin fixed rotation stop locking slide, wherein preferably the biasing force of the compression spring is adjustable.
  • the locking slide can have at least one start-up ramp, which is run over by the piston-fixed rotational stop upon rotation of the piston pin.
  • At least one eccentric having, both in the piston, and in a connecting rod rotatably mounted piston pin is held by a torsion spring in a rest position and at a defined cylinder pressure is exceeded is rotated against the force of the torsion spring in a pressure limiting position to reduce the compression ratio.
  • the rotation of the eccentric piston pin is suppressed up to a specified cylinder pressure.
  • it supports the return of the piston pin in the stop position after falling below the combustion chamber pressure below a second level to be determined.
  • FIG. 1 shows a piston of an internal combustion engine with a device according to the invention for the modification of the piston kinematics in a section in the piston axis.
  • Figure 2 shows this piston in a section transverse to the piston axis.
  • Figure 3 shows the piston in a section along the line III-III in Fig. 1.
  • 4 shows the torsion spring of the device in an oblique view; and
  • FIG. 5 shows a piston pin in an oblique view.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a piston 1 of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, which is pivotably connected to the connecting rod 2 via a piston pin 4 mounted in a connecting rod bearing 3 of a connecting rod 2.
  • the piston pin 4 is rotatably connected to the piston 1 via piston pin bearing 5 and has in the region of the connecting rod bushing 3 an eccentric 6, whose central axis 6a is spaced from the axis of the piston pin bearing 5a. This eccentricity is denoted by e in the figures.
  • a torsion spring 7 By a torsion spring 7, the hollow executed piston pin 4 is pressed into a rest position, wherein a piston pin fixed rotation stop 8 rests on a piston-fixed rotational stop 9.
  • Reference numeral 7a denotes a piston-fixed leg of the torsion spring 7
  • reference numeral 7b denotes a piston pin-fixed leg of the torsion spring 7.
  • the piston pin-fixed leg 7b is inserted in a receptacle 10 of the piston pin 4.
  • the piston pin 4 In the rest position, the piston pin 4 is further held by a locking slide 11 having latching device 12.
  • the locking slide 11 is pressed by an adjustable by a screw 13 compression spring 14 to the piston pin fixed stop 8.
  • the locking slide 11 has a starting ramp 15, which can be run over by the piston pin fixed rotational stop 8 upon rotation of the piston pin 4.
  • the piston pin 4 designed as an eccentric shaft is oriented in a piston-tight manner during the compression phase of the cylinder via the piston-fixed rotational stop 9 and the latching device 12 in the angular position ⁇ o shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the eccentricity e exerts on the gas forces a moment M d - GaS on the eccentric 6 according to the equation
  • M a - gas F gas - e - sin ⁇ 0 (1) off.
  • M d _ A M d _ gas + ⁇ M d _ R _ ⁇ (2)
  • the restoring moment M d-ruC k is in this case composed of the preload M d-dre h and the moment M d-ras t of the spring-loaded latching device 12:
  • This relative piston stroke causes approximately an adiabatic expansion in the combustion chamber, whereby the combustion chamber pressure is reduced compared to a central piston engine.
  • the desired release pressure (eg 120 bar) can be set.
  • the system design is now carried out in such a way that in partial load operation, the tripping torque M dA is smaller than the restoring torque M d-jerk.
  • the cylinder pressure during combustion exceeds the trigger pressure.

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine having at least one piston (1) reciprocating in a cylinder, said piston being connected in a swiveling manner to a connecting rod (2) by means of a wrist pin (4), wherein the wrist pin (4) is rotatably supported in at least one wrist pin bearing (5) of the piston (1) and in a connecting rod bearing (3) of the connecting rod (2), wherein the wrist pin (4) comprises an eccentric (6) in at least one support area of the wrist pin bearing (5) and/or of the connecting rod bearing (3), and wherein the wrist pin (4) can be rotated by a rotating device. In order to limit the peak pressure in the simplest possible way, the rotating device is formed by a torsion spring (7) and the wrist pin (4) can be rotated from a rest position to at least one pressure limiting position against the force of the torsion spring (7).

Description

Einrichtung zur Modifikation der Kolbenkinematik einer Brennkraftmaschine Device for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft Einrichtung zur Modifikation der Kolbenkinematik einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest einem in einem Zylinder hin- und hergehenden Kolben, welcher über einen Kolbenbolzen schwenkbar mit einer Pleuelstange verbunden ist, wobei der Kolbenbolzen drehbar sowohl in zumindest einem Kolbenbolzenlager des Kolbens, als auch in einem Pleuellager der Pleuelstange gelagert ist, wobei der Kobenbolzen in zumindest einem Lagerbereich des Kolbenbolzenlagers und/oder des Pleuellagers einen Exzenter aufweist, und wobei der Kolbenbolzen durch eine Drehvorrichtung drehbar ist.The invention relates to a device for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine with at least one reciprocating piston in a cylinder, which is connected via a piston pin pivotally connected to a connecting rod, wherein the piston pin rotatably in at least one piston pin bearing of the piston, as well as in a connecting rod bearing the connecting rod is mounted, wherein the Kobenbolzen in at least one bearing portion of the piston pin bearing and / or the connecting rod bearing has an eccentric, and wherein the piston pin is rotatable by a rotating device.
Brennkraftmaschinen mit großen Spreizungen in den Leistungsanforderungen haben das Problem, dass bei einem konventionellen Kurbeltrieb das starre Verdichtungsverhältnis zu einer großen Spreizung des Spitzendruckes zwischen Teillast und Nennlast führt. Dies führt dazu, dass vor allem Dieseltriebwerke sehr hohen Spitzendruckanforderungen genügen müssen, was zu erhöhten Reibungsverlusten führt.Internal combustion engines with large spreads in the performance requirements have the problem that in a conventional crank mechanism, the rigid compression ratio leads to a large spread of the peak pressure between part load and rated load. This means that especially diesel engines must meet very high peak pressure requirements, which leads to increased friction losses.
Aus der DE 10 2005 055 199 Al ist eine Hubkolbenverbrennungskraftmaschine mit zumindest einem einstellbar veränderbaren Verdichtungsverhältnis mittels eines Verstellmechanismus bekannt, der zumindest einen in einem Pleuellagerauge oder einem Hublagerauge eines Pleuels angeordneten Exzenter zur Änderung einer effektiven Länge des Pleuels umfasst. Entlang eines Verstellweges ist der Exzenter mittels durch eine Bewegung des Pleuels hervorgerufenen Drehmomentes bewegbar. Die Verstellung des Exzenters erfolgt dabei über eine Verstellvorrichtung.From DE 10 2005 055 199 Al a reciprocating internal combustion engine with at least one adjustable variable compression ratio by means of an adjusting mechanism is known which comprises at least one arranged in a connecting rod eye or a Hublagerauge a connecting rod eccentric for changing an effective length of the connecting rod. Along an adjustment path, the eccentric is movable by means of a movement of the connecting rod caused by the torque. The adjustment of the eccentric takes place via an adjusting device.
Die DE 348 555 A offenbart eine verstellbare Kolbenbolzenlagerung für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, wobei die Buchse, in welcher der Kolbenbolzen exzentrisch befestigt ist, in einer zweiten Buchse exzentrisch drehbar und feststellbar gelagert ist. Eine ähnliche Konstruktion ist auch der GB 412 781 A bekannt.DE 348 555 A discloses an adjustable piston pin bearing for internal combustion engines, wherein the socket, in which the piston pin is mounted eccentrically, is rotatably mounted eccentrically and lockable in a second socket. A similar construction is also known from GB 412 781 A.
Weitere Einrichtungen zur Veränderung des Verdichtungsverhältnisses mit exzentrischen Lagerbuchsen für Kolbenbolzen sind aus der DE 3 108 486 Al, der JP 58-067937 A2, der JP 62-035 034 A2, der US 4 721 073 A, der DE 3 818 357 Al, der EP 0 297 904 A2 oder der WO 95/08705 Al bekannt.Further devices for changing the compression ratio with eccentric bushings for piston pins are known from DE 3 108 486 A1, JP 58-067937 A2, JP 62-035 034 A2, US Pat. No. 4,721,073 A, DE 3 818 357 A1, US Pat EP 0 297 904 A2 or WO 95/08705 A1.
Bekannte Einrichtungen zur Veränderung des Verdichtungsverhältnisses haben den Nachteil, dass sie eigene Verstellmechanismen benötigen, um eine Verdre- hung des Exzenters herbeizuführen. Dadurch sind diese Einrichtungen sehr aufwendig.Known devices for changing the compression ratio have the disadvantage that they require their own adjustment mechanisms in order to avoid a misalignment. To bring about the eccentric. As a result, these facilities are very expensive.
Weiters ist aus der DE 40 40 274 Al ein Hubkolben-Verbrennungsmotor mit temperaturabhängig sich verstellenden Totpunkt bekannt, wobei der Kolbenbolzen im Bereich des Pleuelauges relativ zu seinen daraus hervorragenden Enden eine Exzentrizität aufweist. Der im Kolben gelagerte Kolbenbolzen ist mit einem Torsionselement starr verbunden, das wiederum mit dem Kolben in starrer Verbindung steht. Dieses Torsionselement besteht aus einem Memory-Metall. Dadurch wird eine temperaturabhängige Verdrehung des Kolbenbolzens und durch dessen Exzentrizität eine relative Verschiebung zwischen Pleuelstange und Kolben bewirkt. Zur Begrenzung des Spitzendruckes im Zylinderraum ist diese Verstelleinrichtung nicht geeignet.Furthermore, from DE 40 40 274 Al a reciprocating internal combustion engine with temperature-dependent adjusting dead center is known, wherein the piston pin has an eccentricity in the region of the connecting rod relative to its protruding ends thereof. The piston pin mounted in the piston is rigidly connected to a torsion element, which in turn is in rigid connection with the piston. This torsion element consists of a memory metal. As a result, a temperature-dependent rotation of the piston pin and its eccentricity causes a relative displacement between the connecting rod and piston. To limit the peak pressure in the cylinder chamber, this adjustment is not suitable.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, auf möglichst einfache Weise bei einer Brennkraftmaschine eine Begrenzung des Spitzendruckes zu ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to allow as simple as possible in an internal combustion engine, a limitation of the peak pressure.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass die Drehvorrichtung durch eine Drehfeder gebildet ist und dass der Kolbenbolzen entgegen der Kraft der Drehfeder aus einer Ruhelage in zumindest eine Druckbegrenzungslage verdrehbar ist, wobei vorzugsweise der Exzenter im Bereich des Pleuellagers angeordnet ist.According to the invention this is achieved in that the rotating device is formed by a torsion spring and that the piston pin against the force of the torsion spring from a rest position in at least one pressure limiting position is rotatable, wherein preferably the eccentric is arranged in the region of the connecting rod bearing.
Zur Reproduzierbarkeit des Ausgangsverdichtungsverhältnisses ist es vorteilhaft, wenn ein kolbenbolzenfester Verdrehanschlag in der Ruhelage an einem kolbenfesten Verdrehanschlag anliegt.For reproducibility of the Ausgangsverdichtungsverhältnisses it is advantageous if a piston pin fixed rotation stop in the rest position rests on a piston-fixed rotational stop.
Dies ermöglicht eine genaue Definition der Drehlage des Kolbenbolzens.This allows a precise definition of the rotational position of the piston pin.
Um ein rasches Ansprechen der Einrichtung durch den Gasdruck zu erreichen, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn eine federbelastete Rasteinrichtung zumindest in der Ruhelage auf einen kolbenbolzenfesten Verdrehanschlag einwirkt, so dass der Kolbenbolzen in der Ruheposition gehalten wird, wobei vorzugsweise die Rasteinrichtung durch einen durch eine Druckfeder radial gegen den kolbenbolzenfesten Verdrehanschlag gepressten Rastschieber gebildet ist, wobei vorzugsweise die Vorspannkraft der Druckfeder einstellbar ist. Der Rastschieber kann dabei zumindest eine Anlauframpe aufweisen, welche vom kolbenfesten Verdrehanschlag bei Verdrehung des Kolbenbolzens überfahren wird.In order to achieve a rapid response of the device by the gas pressure, it is advantageous if a spring-loaded latching device acts on a piston pin fixed rotational stop at least in the rest position, so that the piston pin is held in the rest position, wherein preferably the latching device by a radially by a compression spring is formed against the piston pin fixed rotation stop locking slide, wherein preferably the biasing force of the compression spring is adjustable. The locking slide can have at least one start-up ramp, which is run over by the piston-fixed rotational stop upon rotation of the piston pin.
Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist vorgesehen, dass der in einem Lagerbereich zumindest einen Exzenter aufweisende, sowohl im Kolben, als auch in einer Pleuelstange drehbar gelagerte Kolbenbolzen durch eine Drehfeder in einer Ruhelage gehalten wird und bei Überschreiten eines definierten Zylinderdruckes entgegen der Kraft der Drehfeder in eine Druckbegrenzungslage zur Verminderung des Verdichtungsverhältnisses verdreht wird.According to the inventive method it is provided that in a storage area at least one eccentric having, both in the piston, and in a connecting rod rotatably mounted piston pin is held by a torsion spring in a rest position and at a defined cylinder pressure is exceeded is rotated against the force of the torsion spring in a pressure limiting position to reduce the compression ratio.
Über die Vorspannung der Drehfeder wird einerseits die Verdrehung des exzentrischen Kolbenbolzens bis zu einem festgelegten Zylinderdruck unterdrückt. Andererseits unterstützt sie die Rückstellung des Kolbenbolzens in die Anschlagposition nach Unterschreiten des Brennraumdrucks unter ein zweites festzulegendes Niveau.About the bias of the torsion spring on the one hand, the rotation of the eccentric piston pin is suppressed up to a specified cylinder pressure. On the other hand, it supports the return of the piston pin in the stop position after falling below the combustion chamber pressure below a second level to be determined.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen :The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. Show it :
Fig. 1 einen Kolben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Modifikation der Kolbenkinematik in einem Schnitt in der Kolbenachse;1 shows a piston of an internal combustion engine with a device according to the invention for the modification of the piston kinematics in a section in the piston axis.
Fig. 2 diesen Kolben in einem Schnitt quer zur Kolbenachse; Fig. 3 den Kolben in einem Schnitt gemäß der Linie III-III in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 die Drehfeder der Einrichtung in einer Schrägansicht; und Fig. 5 einen Kolbenbolzen in einer Schrägansicht.Figure 2 shows this piston in a section transverse to the piston axis. Figure 3 shows the piston in a section along the line III-III in Fig. 1. 4 shows the torsion spring of the device in an oblique view; and FIG. 5 shows a piston pin in an oblique view.
Die Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 zeigen einen Kolben 1 einer Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, welcher über einen in einem Pleuellager 3 einer Pleuelstange 2 gelagerten Kolbenbolzen 4 schwenkbar mit der Pleuelstange 2 verbunden ist. Der Kolbenbolzen 4 ist auf dem Kolben 1 drehbar über Kolbenbolzenlager 5 verbunden und weist im Bereich der Pleuelbuchse 3 einen Exzenter 6 auf, dessen Mittelachse 6a von der Achse der Kolbenbolzenlager 5a beabstandet ist. Diese Exzentrizität ist in den Fig. mit e bezeichnet.FIGS. 1 and 2 show a piston 1 of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, which is pivotably connected to the connecting rod 2 via a piston pin 4 mounted in a connecting rod bearing 3 of a connecting rod 2. The piston pin 4 is rotatably connected to the piston 1 via piston pin bearing 5 and has in the region of the connecting rod bushing 3 an eccentric 6, whose central axis 6a is spaced from the axis of the piston pin bearing 5a. This eccentricity is denoted by e in the figures.
Durch eine Drehfeder 7 wird der hohl ausgeführte Kolbenbolzen 4 in eine Ruhelage gedrückt, wobei ein kolbenbolzenfester Verdrehanschlag 8 auf einem kolbenfesten Verdrehanschlag 9 anliegt. Mit Bezugszeichen 7a ist ein kolbenfester Schenkel der Drehfeder 7, und mit Bezugszeichen 7b ein kolbenbolzenfester Schenkel der Drehfeder 7 bezeichnet. Der kolbenbolzenfeste Schenkel 7b ist dabei in einer Aufnahme 10 des Kolbenbolzens 4 eingesetzt.By a torsion spring 7, the hollow executed piston pin 4 is pressed into a rest position, wherein a piston pin fixed rotation stop 8 rests on a piston-fixed rotational stop 9. Reference numeral 7a denotes a piston-fixed leg of the torsion spring 7, and reference numeral 7b denotes a piston pin-fixed leg of the torsion spring 7. The piston pin-fixed leg 7b is inserted in a receptacle 10 of the piston pin 4.
In der Ruhelage wird weiters der Kolbenbolzen 4 durch einen Rastschieber 11 aufweisende Rasteinrichtung 12 gehalten. Der Rastschieber 11 wird dabei durch eine über eine Schraube 13 einstellbare Druckfeder 14 an den kolbenbolzenfesten Anschlag 8 gedrückt. Der Rastschieber 11 weist eine Anlauframpe 15 auf, die bei Verdrehung des Kolbenbolzens 4 vom kolbenbolzenfesten Verdrehanschlag 8 überfahren werden kann. Der als Exzenterwelle ausgeführte Kolbenbolzen 4 ist während der Kompressionsphase des Zylinders über den kolbenfesten Verdrehanschlag 9 und die Rasteinrichtung 12 kolbenfest in der in den Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 dargestellten Winkellage φo orientiert. Die Exzentrizität e übt über die Gaskräfte ein Moment Md-GaS auf den Exzenter 6 gemäß der GleichungIn the rest position, the piston pin 4 is further held by a locking slide 11 having latching device 12. The locking slide 11 is pressed by an adjustable by a screw 13 compression spring 14 to the piston pin fixed stop 8. The locking slide 11 has a starting ramp 15, which can be run over by the piston pin fixed rotational stop 8 upon rotation of the piston pin 4. The piston pin 4 designed as an eccentric shaft is oriented in a piston-tight manner during the compression phase of the cylinder via the piston-fixed rotational stop 9 and the latching device 12 in the angular position φo shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The eccentricity e exerts on the gas forces a moment M d - GaS on the eccentric 6 according to the equation
M ä -Gas = F Gas - e - sin φ0 ( 1) aus. M a - gas = F gas - e - sin φ 0 (1) off.
Diesem Moment Md-Gas sind die Reibungsmomente Md-R-κ im Kolbenbolzen 4 überlagert. Für das Auslösemoment Md-A gilt:This moment M d gas, the friction moments M d R-κ are superimposed in the piston pin 4. For the tripping torque M d - A, the following applies:
Md_A = Md_Gas + ∑Md_R_κ (2)M d _ A = M d _ gas + ΣM d _ R _ κ (2)
Während der Kompressionstakte der Brennkraftmaschine wird der Kolbenbolzen 4 durch die Vorspannung der Drehfeder 7 und durch die Keilwirkung der federbelasteten Rasteinrichtung 12 gegen den kolbenbolzenfesten Anschlag 9 gedrückt. Das Rückstellmoment Md-ruCk setzt sich dabei aus der Vorspannung Md-dreh und dem Moment Md-rast der federbelasteten Rasteinrichtung 12 zusammen :During the compression strokes of the internal combustion engine, the piston pin 4 is pressed by the bias of the torsion spring 7 and by the wedging action of the spring-loaded locking device 12 against the piston pin fixed stop 9. The restoring moment M d-ruC k is in this case composed of the preload M d-dre h and the moment M d-ras t of the spring-loaded latching device 12:
Md-ruck = Md-dreh + Md-raSt ( 3) M d-ruck = M d-rotation + M d-ra St (3)
Steigt nun während der Verbrennung das dem Brennraumdruck nahezu direkt proportionale Auslösemoment Md-A über das Haltvermögen der Rückstellmomente Md-rUck, so dreht sich der Kolbenbolzen 4 entgegen der Kraft der Drehfeder 7, bis sich ein neues Momentengleichgewicht in der ausgelegten Lage einstellt. Durch diese Drehung ergibt sich ein relativer Kolbenhub he von he = e - (cos φ0 - cos φ) . (4)Now increases during combustion the combustion chamber pressure almost directly proportional release torque M dA on the holding capacity of the restoring moments M d-back , the piston pin 4 rotates against the force of the torsion spring 7 until a new moment equilibrium is established in the laid-out position. This rotation results in a relative piston stroke he he = e - (cos φ 0 - cos φ). (4)
Dieser relative Kolbenhub he verursacht näherungsweise eine adiabate Expansion im Brennraum, wodurch der Brennraumdruck gegenüber einem Triebwerk mit zentrischem Kolbenbolzen reduziert wird.This relative piston stroke causes approximately an adiabatic expansion in the combustion chamber, whereby the combustion chamber pressure is reduced compared to a central piston engine.
Fällt nun der Brennraumdruck während der Expansionsphase wieder ab, so führt das Rückstellmoment Md-dreh der Drehfeder 7 dazu, dass sich der Kolbenbolzen 4 in Richtung des kolbenfesten Anschlages 9 verdreht, bis die federbelastete Rasteinrichtung 12 wieder einrastet und der Ursprungszustand wieder erreicht wird.If now the combustion chamber pressure drops again during the expansion phase, then the restoring moment M d rotary of the torsion spring 7 causes the piston pin 4 to rotate in the direction of the piston-fixed stop 9 until the spring-loaded locking device 12 engages again and the original state is reached again.
Durch Abstimmung der Parameter Md-A und Md-ruCk kann der gewünschte Auslösedruck (z.B. 120 bar) eingestellt werden.By tuning the parameters M d- A and M d-ruC k the desired release pressure (eg 120 bar) can be set.
Der maximal zu erwartende relative Kolbenhub he beträgt dabei he _max = e - (cosφϋ + l). (5)The maximum expected relative piston stroke is thereby he _max = e - (cosφ ϋ + l). (5)
Über diese Beziehung (5) kann das Druckabsenkungspotential der ausgelenkten Lage bestimmt werden.By means of this relationship (5), the pressure reduction potential of the deflected position can be determined.
Diese mechanische Spitzendruckbegrenzung erlaubt es, die Brennkraftmaschine auf dass im Teillastbetrieb thermodynamisch optimale Verdichtungsverhältnis (ε= 17 bis 20) auszulegen. Die Systemauslegung erfolgt nun derart, dass im Teillastbetrieb das Auslösemoment Md-A kleiner ist als das Rückstellmoment Md-ruck. Im Hochlastbetrieb überschreitet der Zylinderdruck während der Verbrennung den Auslösedruck. Entsprechend der vorliegenden Einrichtung zur Modifikation der Kolbenkinematik wird ein Zusatzvolumen im Brennraum geschaffen, wodurch eine näherungsweise adiabate Expansion hervorgerufen wird. Für he = 1 mm bis 3 mm ergibt sich beispielsweise ein Druckabsenkungspotential von etwa 20% bis 50%, wodurch der maximal auftretende Spitzendruck begrenzt wird. This mechanical peak pressure limitation makes it possible to design the internal combustion engine to have the thermodynamically optimal compression ratio (ε = 17 to 20) in partial load operation. The system design is now carried out in such a way that in partial load operation, the tripping torque M dA is smaller than the restoring torque M d-jerk. In high load operation, the cylinder pressure during combustion exceeds the trigger pressure. According to the present piston kinematics modification, an additional volume is created in the combustion chamber, causing an approximately adiabatic expansion. For he = 1 mm to 3 mm, for example, results in a pressure reduction potential of about 20% to 50%, whereby the maximum occurring peak pressure is limited.

Claims

PATENTANSPRUCHE PATENT CLAIMS
1. Einrichtung zur Modifikation der Kolbenkinematik einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest einem in einem Zylinder hin- und hergehenden Kolben (1), welcher über einen Kolbenbolzen (4) schwenkbar mit einer Pleuelstange (2) verbunden ist, wobei der Kolbenbolzen (4) drehbar sowohl in zumindest einem Kolbenbolzenlager (5) des Kolbens (1), als auch in einem Pleuellager (3) der Pleuelstange (2) gelagert ist, wobei der Kobenbolzen (4) in zumindest einem Lagerbereich des Kolbenbolzenlagers (5) und/oder des Pleuellagers (3) einen Exzenter (6) aufweist, und wobei der Kolbenbolzen (4) durch eine Drehvorrichtung drehbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehvorrichtung durch eine Drehfeder (7) gebildet ist und dass der Kolbenbolzen (4) entgegen der Kraft der Drehfeder (7) aus einer Ruhelage in zumindest eine Druckbegrenzungslage verdrehbar ist.1. A device for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine with at least one piston reciprocating in a cylinder (1) which is connected via a piston pin (4) pivotally connected to a connecting rod (2), wherein the piston pin (4) rotatable both in at least one piston pin bearing (5) of the piston (1), and in a connecting rod bearing (3) of the connecting rod (2) is mounted, wherein the Kobenbolzen (4) in at least one bearing portion of the piston pin bearing (5) and / or the connecting rod bearing (3 ) has an eccentric (6), and wherein the piston pin (4) by a rotating device is rotatable, characterized in that the rotary device is formed by a torsion spring (7) and that the piston pin (4) against the force of the torsion spring (7) from a rest position in at least one pressure limiting position is rotatable.
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Exzenter (6) im Bereich des Pleuellagers (3) angeordnet ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric (6) in the region of the connecting rod bearing (3) is arranged.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein kolbenbolzenfester Verdrehanschlag (8) in der Ruhelage an einem kolbenfesten Verdrehanschlag (9) anliegt.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a piston pin fixed rotation stop (8) rests in the rest position on a piston-fixed rotation stop (9).
4. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine federbelastete Rasteinrichtung (12) zumindest in der Ruhelage auf einen kolbenbolzenfesten Verdrehanschlag (8) einwirkt, so dass der Kolbenbolzen (4) in der Ruheposition gehalten wird.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a spring-loaded latching device (12) acts at least in the rest position on a piston pin fixed rotational stop (8), so that the piston pin (4) is held in the rest position.
5. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rasteinrichtung (12) durch einen durch eine Druckfeder (14) radial gegen den kolbenbolzenfesten Verdrehanschlag (8) gepressten Rastschieber (11) gebildet ist, wobei vorzugsweise die Vorspannkraft der Druckfeder (14) einstellbar ist.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the latching device (12) by a by a compression spring (14) radially against the piston pin fixed rotational stop (8) pressed locking slide (11) is formed, wherein preferably the biasing force of the compression spring (14) is adjustable.
6. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rastschieber (11) zumindest eine Anlauframpe (15) aufweist, welche vom kolbenbolzenfesten Verdrehanschlag (8) bei Verdrehung des Kolbenbolzen (4) überfahrbar ist.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking slide (11) has at least one starting ramp (15), which by the piston pin fixed rotational stop (8) upon rotation of the piston pin (4) can be moved over.
7. Verfahren zur Modifikation der Kolbenkinematik bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest einem in einem Zylinder hin- und hergehenden Kolben (1), welcher über einen sowohl im Kolben (1), als auch in einer Pleuelstange (2) drehbar gelagerte Kolbenbolzen (4) mit einer Pleuelstange (2) verbun- den ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der in einem Lagerbereich zumindest einen Exzenter (6) aufweisende Kolbenbolzen (4) durch eine Drehfeder (7) in einer Ruhelage gehalten wird und bei Überschreiten eines definierten Zylinderdruckes entgegen der Kraft der Drehfeder (7) in eine Druckbegrenzungslage zur Verminderung des Verdichtungsverhältnisses verdreht wird. 7. A method for modifying the piston kinematics in an internal combustion engine with at least one piston reciprocating in a cylinder (1), which via a both in the piston (1), as in a connecting rod (2) rotatably mounted piston pin (4) connected to a connecting rod (2) that is, characterized in that in a storage area at least one eccentric (6) having a piston pin (4) by a torsion spring (7) is held in a rest position and at a defined cylinder pressure is exceeded against the force of the torsion spring (7) in a pressure limiting position is twisted to reduce the compression ratio.
PCT/EP2010/055235 2009-04-29 2010-04-21 Apparatus for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine WO2010124971A1 (en)

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CN2010800193536A CN102439272A (en) 2009-04-29 2010-04-21 Apparatus for modifying the piston kinematics of an internal combustion engine
DE112010001815T DE112010001815A5 (en) 2009-04-29 2010-04-21 DEVICE FOR MODIFYING THE PISTON KINEMATICS OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

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AT6572009A AT506470B1 (en) 2009-04-29 2009-04-29 DEVICE FOR MODIFYING THE PISTON KINEMATICS OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
ATA657/2009 2009-04-29

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WO2013050098A1 (en) * 2011-10-08 2013-04-11 Daimler Ag Method for the variable adjustment of a compression ratio of a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
WO2013050100A1 (en) * 2011-10-08 2013-04-11 Daimler Ag Piston arrangement for a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, having a variable compression ratio
WO2013160535A1 (en) * 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 Wärtsilä Finland Oy A piston pin assembly
DE102011111816B4 (en) * 2011-08-27 2021-07-08 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Device with eccentric piston pin to achieve a variable compression ratio in a reciprocating piston engine

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DE102013225763A1 (en) * 2013-12-12 2015-06-18 Beijing Zhi KE Investment and Management Co.,Ltd. Piston rod assembly and internal combustion engine with such piston rod assembly
JP6384020B2 (en) * 2015-01-26 2018-09-05 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Actuator of link mechanism for internal combustion engine
CN112963243A (en) * 2021-03-23 2021-06-15 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Variable compression ratio mechanism of engine and control method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011111816B4 (en) * 2011-08-27 2021-07-08 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Device with eccentric piston pin to achieve a variable compression ratio in a reciprocating piston engine
WO2013050098A1 (en) * 2011-10-08 2013-04-11 Daimler Ag Method for the variable adjustment of a compression ratio of a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
WO2013050100A1 (en) * 2011-10-08 2013-04-11 Daimler Ag Piston arrangement for a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, having a variable compression ratio
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CN102439272A (en) 2012-05-02
DE112010001815A5 (en) 2012-05-31
AT506470A2 (en) 2009-09-15
AT506470B1 (en) 2010-12-15

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