WO2010119684A1

WO2010119684A1 - Electrode structure, electrode structure producing method, low-pressure discharge lamp, illumination device and image display device

Info

Publication number: WO2010119684A1
Application number: PCT/JP2010/002723
Authority: WO
Inventors: 松浦友和; 中西暁子; 北田昭雄; 畑岡真一郎; 雀部啓太
Original assignee: パナソニック株式会社
Priority date: 2009-04-15
Filing date: 2010-04-14
Publication date: 2010-10-21

Abstract

An electrode structure prevents air from entering the inner space of a low-pressure discharge lamp when used for sealing the low-pressure discharge lamp. Disclosed is an electrode structure (100) comprised of an electrode (101); a sealing line (102), one end of which is connected to the electrode (101); and a glass member (103) formed to cover at least a part of the sealing line (102), wherein an oxidized film (105) is not formed or the oxidized film (105) having a maximum thickness of not more than 0.1 µm is formed on the intermediate part of the surface of the sealing line (102) in the longitudinal direction thereof in the portion of the sealing line (102), which is coated with the glass member (103); and a diffusion layer (106) composed of a material of the sealing line (102) is formed on the sealing line (102)-side of the glass member (103).

Description

Electrode structure, electrode structure manufacturing method, low-pressure discharge lamp, illumination device, and image display device

The present invention relates to an electrode structure, a method for manufacturing the electrode structure, a low-pressure discharge lamp, an illumination device, and an image display device.

FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional view including the tube axis of a conventional cold cathode discharge lamp. A conventional electrode structure (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 1”) includes a cup-shaped electrode 2, a lead wire 3 bonded to the bottom end surface of the electrode 2, and a glass bonded to the outer periphery of the lead wire 3. And a member 4. The lead wire 3 includes an internal lead wire (sealing wire) 3 a bonded to the glass member 4 and an external lead wire 3 b that is exposed and arranged outside the glass member 4. The internal lead wire 3a includes an oxide film 5 at a portion covered with the glass member 4 on the surface (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-130396 A

In the case of the electrode structure 1, when the oxide film is formed on the surface of the sealing wire 3a, the thickness of the oxide film is 2.8 [μm] to 3.7 [μm], and the internal lead wire 3a is made of a glass member. After covering with the glass member, the thickness of the oxide film 5 covered with the glass member becomes as thin as 1.4 [μm] to 2.5 [μm], but still covered with the glass member 4 of the sealing wire 3a. The oxide film 5 remains on the entire portion that can be confirmed.

However, when the low pressure discharge lamp is sealed using the electrode structure 1 as a result of examination by the inventors, an external space is formed between the sealing wire 3a and the glass member 4 into the internal space of the low pressure discharge lamp. It was found that air can easily enter from the space.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrode structure capable of preventing air from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp as much as possible when used for sealing a low-pressure discharge lamp. To do.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing such an electrode structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure discharge lamp in which the electrode structure as described above is provided at the end of a glass bulb.

Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide an illumination device having such a low-pressure discharge lamp as a light source, and an image display device including the illumination device.

In order to solve the above problems, an electrode structure according to the present invention is formed to cover an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and at least a part of the sealing wire. An electrode structure having a glass member, and an oxide film is not formed in a substantially middle portion in a longitudinal direction in a portion of the surface of the sealing wire covered with the glass member, or An oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed, and a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member.

The electrode structure according to the present invention includes an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed so as to cover at least a part of the sealing wire. An oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is not formed on a portion of the surface of the sealing wire that is covered with the glass member. And a diffusion layer of a material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member.

The electrode structure according to the present invention includes an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed so as to cover at least a part of the sealing wire. An oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed in a substantially intermediate portion in a longitudinal direction in a portion of the surface of the sealing wire that is covered with the glass member. The oxide film includes one or both of Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO, and a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member. It is characterized by that.

Furthermore, the electrode structure according to the present invention includes an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed so as to cover at least a part of the sealing wire. An oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed on a portion of the surface of the sealing wire that is covered with the glass member. Any one or both of Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO are included, and a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member.

In the electrode structure according to the present invention, the minimum thickness of the diffusion layer is preferably 8 [μm] or more, and the maximum thickness of the diffusion layer is preferably 30 [μm] or less.

Moreover, the electrode structure according to the present invention includes an iron in the range of 48 [wt%] to 54 [wt%] and nickel in a range of 46 [wt%] to 52 [wt%]. Are preferably included.

In the electrode structure according to the present invention, the glass member has an oxide conversion of SiO ₂ of 60 [wt%] to 75 [wt]% and Al ₂ O ₃ of 1 [wt%] to 5 [wt]. %], Li ₂ O is 0 wt% to 5 wt%, K ₂ O is 3 wt% to 11 wt%, and Na ₂ O is 3 wt% to 12 wt%. , CaO 0 [wt%] to 9 [wt%], MgO 0 [wt%] to 9 [wt%], SrO 0 [wt%] to 12 [wt%], BaO 0 [wt%] It is preferable to have a composition of ˜12 [wt%].

An electrode structure according to the present invention comprises an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed to cover at least a part of the sealing wire. In the surface of the sealing wire, the oxide film formed in the substantially intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction in the portion covered with the glass member is all diffused, or the maximum thickness is 0.1 [μm]. By diffusing so that the following oxide film remains, a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member.

The method for manufacturing an electrode structure according to the present invention includes an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed so as to cover at least a part of the sealing wire. A method for manufacturing an electrode structure, the step of connecting the electrode and one end of the sealing wire, the step of forming an oxide film on the surface of the sealing wire, and at least one of the sealing wires The glass member is coated on the surface, and all of the oxide film formed in the substantially middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the surface of the sealing wire covered with the glass member is diffused, or the maximum thickness is 0 And a step of diffusing so as to leave an oxide film of 1 [μm] or less.

The low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention has a glass bulb and an electrode structure provided at at least one end of the glass bulb.

An illumination device according to the present invention includes the low-pressure discharge lamp.

An image display device according to the present invention includes the illumination device.

According to the electrode structure having the above-described configuration, the oxide film is not formed on the surface of the sealing wire covered with the glass member, or the maximum thickness is 0.1 [mm] or less. There is a portion where an oxide film is formed, and since a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member, airtightness between the glass member and the sealing wire As a result, in the low-pressure discharge lamp using this, it is possible to prevent air from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp as much as possible.

In addition, according to the method for manufacturing an electrode structure according to the present invention, the oxide film formed in the substantially intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the surface of the sealing wire covered with the glass member is all diffused. Alternatively, the above-described electrode structure can be manufactured because it includes a step of diffusing so that an oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less remains.

(A) Sectional drawing containing the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) Of the surface of the sealing line, the substantially intermediate part of the part coat | covered with the glass member FIG. 1 (a) shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the portion A in FIG. 1 (a) when the oxide film is completely diffused, and (c) the maximum thickness at the substantially middle portion of the surface covered with the glass member. Is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of portion A in FIG. 1A when an oxide film having a thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed. (A) Sectional drawing including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the modification of the electrode structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) Abbreviation of the part coat | covered with the glass member among the surfaces of the sealing wire. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the portion B in FIG. 2A when the intermediate oxide film is all diffused, and FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the portion B in FIG. (A) The conceptual diagram of the connection process in the manufacturing process of the electrode structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) The conceptual diagram of an oxidation process, (c) The conceptual diagram of an insertion process, (d) Similarly Conceptual diagram of sealing process, (e) Conceptual diagram of reduction process Sectional drawing containing the tube axis | shaft of the low voltage | pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing containing the tube axis | shaft of the low voltage | pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. (A) Sectional drawing including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, (b) Sectional drawing including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the modification of an electrode structure similarly (A) Cross-sectional view including the tube axis of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, (b) Cross-sectional view including the tube axis of the modified example of the low-pressure discharge lamp. The exploded perspective view of the illuminating device which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention. Partially cutaway perspective view of a lighting apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention (A) Front view of illumination apparatus according to eighth embodiment of present invention, (b) Cross-sectional view taken along line CC ′ of FIG. 10 (a) The perspective view of the image display apparatus which concerns on the 9th Embodiment of this invention. (A) The principal part enlarged front view of the modification of the low pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (b) The principal part expanded sectional view which also contains a pipe axis. Sectional drawing including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the conventional electrode structure Sectional drawing containing the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure which concerns on the 10th Embodiment of this invention The figure which shows the change of the distortion of a glass member by the difference of the thermal expansion coefficient of a glass member, and the thermal expansion coefficient of a sealing wire. Sectional drawing containing the tube axis | shaft of the low pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 11th Embodiment of this invention Sectional drawing including the tube axis | shaft of the low pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 12th Embodiment of this invention. (A) Sectional drawing including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure which concerns on 13th Embodiment of this invention, (b) Sectional drawing including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the modification of an electrode structure similarly (A) Cross-sectional view including the tube axis of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention, (b) Cross-sectional view including the tube axis of the modified example of the low-pressure discharge lamp. Sectional view including the tube axis of a conventional low-pressure discharge lamp Sectional drawing containing the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure which concerns on 15th Embodiment of this invention (A) The conceptual diagram of the connection process of an electrode structure similarly, (b) The conceptual diagram of the insertion process of an electrode structure, (c) The conceptual diagram of the heating process of an electrode structure Sectional drawing containing the tube axis | shaft of the low pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 16th Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing including the tube axis | shaft of the low pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 17th Embodiment of this invention Sectional drawing including the tube axis | shaft of the low voltage | pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 18th Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure which concerns on 19th Embodiment of this invention (A) The conceptual diagram of the connection process of an electrode structure similarly, (b) The conceptual diagram of the insertion process of an electrode structure, (c) The conceptual diagram of the heating process of an electrode structure Sectional drawing containing the tube axis | shaft of the low pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 20th Embodiment of this invention. (A) Sectional drawing including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the modification 1 of the electrode structure which concerns on 15th Embodiment of this invention, (b) Similarly including the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the modification 2 of an electrode structure Cross section (A) Sectional view including tube axis of conventional low-pressure discharge lamp, (b) Conceptual diagram of manufacturing process of conventional electrode structure (A) Conceptual diagram of the electrode structure insertion step of the low pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method according to the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention, (b) Conceptual diagram of the electrode structure fixing step, (c) Mercury emitter insertion Conceptual diagram of the process (A) The conceptual diagram of a convex part formation process, (b) The conceptual diagram of a temporary sealing process, (c) The conceptual diagram of a mercury discharge process, (d) The conceptual diagram of a second sealing process (A) The conceptual diagram of the temporary sealing process of the manufacturing method of the low pressure discharge lamp concerning the 22nd Embodiment of this invention, (b) The conceptual diagram of a convex-part formation process similarly (A) The conceptual diagram of the 1st convex part formation process of the manufacturing method of the low-pressure discharge lamp concerning the 23rd Embodiment of this invention, (b) The conceptual diagram of a mercury discharge body insertion process similarly (A) Perspective view of Modification 1 of the mercury emitter, (b) Perspective view of Modification 2 of the mercury emitter, (c) Perspective view of Modification 3 of the mercury emitter Conceptual diagram of the distortion removal process (A) The conceptual diagram of the temporary fixing process of the conventional low-pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method, (b) The conceptual diagram of the exhaust / sealing process, (c) The conceptual diagram of the mercury releasing process

<First to Tenth Embodiments>
(First embodiment)
The cross-sectional view including a longitudinal central axis X ₁₀₀ of the electrode structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 (a). An electrode structure 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 100”) includes an electrode 101, a sealing wire 102 having one end connected to the electrode 101, and a sealing wire. And a glass member 103 formed so as to cover at least a part of 102.

The electrode 101 has, for example, a bottomed cylindrical shape, and has an inner diameter of 2.4 [mm], an outer diameter of 2.7 [mm], a bottom thickness of 0.2 [mm], and a total length of 8.2 [mm]. mm] and made of nickel (Ni). Note that the material of the electrode 101 is not limited to nickel, and any one or any two or more alloys of niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W) may be used. The electrode 101 is connected to one end surface of the sealing wire 102 at a substantially central portion of the outer bottom surface. The electrode 101 and the sealing wire 102 may be directly connected or may be connected via a brazing material (not shown) made of, for example, nickel foil or Kovar foil. As a method for connecting the electrode 101 and the sealing wire 102, laser welding, resistance welding, or the like can be used.

The sealing wire 102 has a wire diameter of 0.8 [mm] and is made of an alloy of iron and nickel. The sealing wire 102 is preferably made of a material that matches the thermal expansion coefficient of glass used as the material of the glass member 103.

Note that the sealing wire 102 preferably contains iron in the range of 48 [wt%] to 54 [wt%] and nickel in the range of 46 [wt%] to 52 [wt%]. In this case, when the glass member 103 is soft glass having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 90 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] or more and 100 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] or less, the sealing wire 102 and the glass member 103 are used. The sealing property can be improved.

An external lead wire 104 is preferably connected to the other end of the sealing wire 102. In this case, when the electrode structure 100 is used in a low-pressure discharge lamp, the external force applied to the external lead wire 104 is absorbed by the connecting portion between the sealing wire 102 and the external lead, so that the stress generated in the glass member 103 is relieved. can do. The external lead wire 104 has a wire diameter of, for example, 0.6 [mm] and is made of nickel. Note that the material of the external lead wire 104 is not limited to nickel, and for example, an alloy of nickel and manganese, a dumet wire, or the like may be used. Further, the surface of the external lead wire 104 may be covered with solder in order to prevent the external lead wire 104 from being oxidized.

The glass member 103 has a substantially spherical shape and covers at least a part of the sealing wire 102 along its substantially central axis, and is made of soft glass such as lead-free glass or soda glass. The glass member 103 is preferably made of the same material as the glass bulb to be sealed or a material having the same or similar thermal expansion coefficient as the glass bulb 101 from the viewpoint of sealing properties.

Of the surface of the sealing wire 102, the oxide film 105 is not formed on the substantially intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the portion covered with the glass member 103, or the maximum thickness is 0.1 [μm] or less. 105 is formed, and a diffusion layer 106 made of the material of the sealing wire 102 is formed on the side of the sealing wire 102 of the glass member 103.

Here, in the former case, that is, in the case where all of the oxide film 105 in the substantially middle portion in the longitudinal direction in the portion covered with the glass member 103 is diffused in the surface of the sealing wire 102, FIG. FIG. 1B shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the A part. In the latter case, that is, the maximum thickness at the substantially intermediate part in the longitudinal direction in the part of the surface of the sealing wire 102 covered with the glass member 103. FIG. 1C shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the portion A in FIG. 1A when the oxide film 105 of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed.

The structure of the substantially intermediate portion of the surface of the sealing wire 102 covered with the glass member 103 is as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, which is formed on the surface of the sealing wire 102 in advance. The components (materials) to be described later of the formed oxide film 105 diffuse into the inside of the glass member 103, so that the oxide film at a substantially intermediate portion of the surface covered with the glass member 103 on the surface of the sealing wire 102. This is because the thickness 105 becomes so thin that it can hardly be visually confirmed.

In other words, an oxide film of a sealing wire material is formed on the surface of the sealing wire 102 in advance, and the material of the sealing wire 102 in the oxide film (when the sealing wire is an alloy of iron and nickel). In this case, iron is diffused into the glass member 103, so that the material of the sealing wire on the sealing wire 102 side of the glass member 103 (in the case where the sealing wire is an alloy of iron and nickel, iron) The diffusion layer is formed, and the oxide film 105 at a substantially intermediate portion of the portion covered with the glass member 103 is thinned to such an extent that it can hardly be visually confirmed.

Thus, when the sealing wire 102 and the glass member 103 are in close contact with each other, when the glass bulb is sealed using the electrode structure 100 to produce a low pressure discharge lamp, air is introduced into the internal space of the low pressure discharge lamp. Can be prevented from flowing in easily.

On the other hand, when the oxide film remains to the extent that it can be visually confirmed, a void is easily formed in the oxide film, and the internal space of the lamp and the external space are easily connected through the void. It becomes easy to flow in.

When an oxide film 105 having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed in a substantially middle portion of the surface of the sealing wire 102 covered with the glass member 103, It is preferable that either or both of Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO are contained. In this case, the bonding strength between the sealing wire 102 and the glass member 103 can be improved. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the oxide film 105 contains Fe ₃ O ₄ . In this case, the tensile strength between the sealing wire 102 and the glass member 103 can be further improved.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), an oxide film (hereinafter referred to as “thick oxide film 105a”) that can be visually confirmed is formed on both ends of the surface of the sealing wire 102 covered with the glass member. ") May be formed.

The area of the region where the thick oxide film 105a is formed is in the range of 5% to 40% of the surface area of the portion covered by the glass member 103 out of the surface area of the sealing wire 102. It is preferable that In this case, when a load is applied to the external lead wire 104, the stress is absorbed by the peeling of the thick oxide film 105a at the end, so that leakage due to a sudden impact on the external lead wire 104 can be prevented.

More preferably, the thick oxide film 105a is annular, and the length in the longitudinal direction of the region where the thick oxide film 105a is formed is covered by the glass member 103 of the surface of the sealing wire 102. It is preferable that it is in the range of 0 [%] to 40 [%] of the length of the portion. In this case, by reducing the area where the thick oxide film 105a is formed, air can be easily prevented from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp.

FIG. 2A shows a cross-sectional view including a longitudinal center axis X ₁₀₇ of a modification of the electrode structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the portion B in FIG. 2A in the case where the oxide film at the substantially intermediate portion covered by the glass member 103 is diffused on the surface of the sealing wire 102. The figure in the case where an oxide film 105 having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed in a substantially middle portion of the surface of the sealing wire 102 shown in FIG. The principal part expanded sectional view of B part of 2 (a) is shown in FIG.2 (c).

As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C, a modification of the electrode structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 107”) includes an electrode 101 and one end portion. Is an electrode structure 107 having a sealing wire 102 connected to the electrode 101 and a glass member 103 formed so as to cover at least a part of the sealing wire 102, Of these, the oxide film 105 is not formed on the portion covered with the glass member 103, or the oxide film 105 having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed. A diffusion layer 106 made of the material of the sealing wire 102 is formed on the wire 102 side. In this case, since the oxide film formed in the oxidation process can sufficiently diffuse into the glass, the sealing wire 102 and the glass member 103 can be firmly adhered to each other, so that air flows into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp. Can be sufficiently prevented.

(Experiment)
The inventors have found that the oxide film 105 is not formed in a substantially intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the surface covered with the glass member 103 on the surface of the sealing wire 102, or the maximum thickness is 0.1 [μm. The following oxide film 105 is formed, and the diffusion layer 106 of the material of the sealing wire 102 is formed on the sealing wire 102 side of the glass member. In order to confirm that air can be prevented from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp when the low-pressure discharge lamp is manufactured by sealing, a leak test was performed.

In the experiment, the following four types of samples were used.

Example 1 was a low-pressure discharge lamp produced using a material having substantially the same configuration as that of the electrode structure 100.

Also, Example 2 was made substantially the same as Example 1 except that the one having substantially the same configuration as that of the electrode structure 107 was used.

Furthermore, on the surface of the sealing wire, an electrode in which an oxide film (maximum thickness is thicker than 0.1 [μm]) that can be visually confirmed is formed in a substantially middle portion of the portion covered with the glass member Except for the use of the structural body, a structure having substantially the same configuration as that of Example 100 was used as Comparative Example 1.

Furthermore, on the surface of the sealing wire, no oxide film is formed on the portion covered with the glass member, and no diffusion layer of the sealing wire material is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member. Except for the point of using the electrode structure, the one having substantially the same configuration as that of Example 1 was used as Comparative Example 2.

In the experiment, a sample lamp was held horizontally on a horizontal table, the external lead wire was taken out of the table, and a weight of 1800 [g] was suspended on the external lead wire for 10 seconds, and the load was repeated five times. In this case, the presence or absence of leakage is indirectly confirmed in the lamp start test.

Prior to the experiment, the starting voltages of the lamps of Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were measured, and the measured starting voltage was used as a reference voltage.

The criterion for determining whether or not there is a leak is “○” when the lamp is lit within 100 [V] of the reference voltage (starting voltage before the test), and when the lamp is lit above 100 [V] or not lit. “×” was assigned to the case. That is, the starting voltage is measured for each lamp after the load is applied to the external lead wire. If the starting voltage falls within a range that does not exceed 100 [V] from the reference voltage, a pass (“◯”) is accepted. The case where the starting voltage exceeded 100 [V] from the reference voltage and the case where the discharge was not started in the experimental range was regarded as a failure (“x”).

This is because, when air flows into the lamp (impurity gas such as nitrogen or oxygen flows), the pressure inside the lamp increases and the starting voltage of the lamp increases.

Furthermore, for Examples 1 and 2, a load similar to that described above was applied using a weight of 2800 [g], and a pass / fail judgment based on the same criteria as described above, that is, air flow into the interior space of the lamp. The presence or absence of inflow was confirmed.

In each experimental sample, the number of “x” judgments out of 10 (that is, the number of inflows of air in the internal space of the lamp) was investigated.

The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 and 2, when a weight of 1800 [g] was suspended, air did not flow into the internal space of the lamp. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, air flows into the internal spaces of several lamps.

In the case of the comparative example 1, since the oxide film of the degree which can be visually confirmed is formed over the full length of the part covered with the glass member among the surfaces of the sealing wire, the inside of the lamp is passed through the oxide film part. It is thought that air is flowing into the space.

In the case of Comparative Example 2, an oxide film is not formed on the surface of the sealing wire covered with the glass member, and the diffusion layer of the sealing wire material is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member. This is probably because the adhesion between the sealing wire and the glass member is weak, and there is a portion where the glass member is peeled off from the sealing wire.

On the other hand, in Example 2, an oxide film is not formed in a substantially intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the surface of the sealing wire covered with the glass member, and Example 1 has a maximum thickness of 0. .1 [μm] or less of the oxide film is formed, and in both Examples 1 and 2, a diffusion layer of the sealing wire material is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member. It is considered that air does not flow into the internal space of the lamp because the member is more closely contacted than Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

Furthermore, in Example 2, when a weight of 2800 [g] is suspended, inflow of air into the internal space of the lamp is less likely to occur than in Example 1. This is because the contact distance between the sealing wire 102 and the glass member 103 can be secured long, so that the sealing wire 102 and the glass member 103 can be more firmly attached.

A method for manufacturing the electrode structure 100 will be described below with reference to FIG.

The manufacturing method of the electrode structure 100 includes an electrode, an electrode structure including a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed so as to cover at least a part of the sealing wire. A method of connecting the electrode and one end of the sealing wire (connecting step), a step of forming an oxide film on the surface of the sealing wire (oxide film forming step), and sealing The glass member is coated on at least a part of the wire, and the oxide film formed in the substantially intermediate portion of the surface of the sealing wire covered by the glass member is all diffused into the glass member, or the maximum thickness is 0 And a step of diffusing so as to leave an oxide film of 1 [μm] or less (sealing step).
1. Connection Step First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the electrode 101 and one end of the sealing wire 102 are connected. Specifically, for example, one end surface of the sealing wire 102 is brought into contact with the outer bottom surface of the electrode 101 and is connected by resistance welding. The method for connecting the electrode 101 and the sealing wire 102 is not limited to resistance welding, and laser welding or the like may be used.
2. Oxide Film Formation Step Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3B, an oxide film 105 is formed on the surface of the sealing wire 102. Specifically, for example, the surface of the sealing wire 102 is oxidized by heating the surface of the sealing wire 102 with a gas burner 108 or the like. The oxidation method is not limited to the gas burner 108, and for example, a heating furnace or the like may be used.
3. Sealing Step Next, as shown in FIG. 3C, the external lead wire 104 is inserted into the hollow portion of the cylindrical glass tube 109 from the end opposite to the side to which the sealing wire 102 is connected. . Then, the external lead wire 104 is inserted into a fixing hole 110a provided on one end surface of the jig 110 and fixed.

Subsequently, with the sealing wire 102 inserted and fixed in the fixing hole 110a of the jig 110, as shown in FIG. 3 (d), it is placed in the electric furnace 111, for example, about 750 [° C.] to 800 Heat at [° C.] for about 20 minutes. Thereby, the glass tube 109 is melted, and the glass member 103 formed so as to cover at least a part of the sealing wire 102 is formed.

At this time, the oxide film 105 formed in the substantially middle part of the surface of the sealing wire 102 covered with the glass member 103 is all diffused into the glass member 103, or the maximum thickness is 0.1 [μm]. The following oxide film is diffused so as to remain, and a diffusion layer 106 made of the material of the sealing wire 102 is formed on the sealing wire 102 side of the glass member 103.

The electrode structure 100 is completed through the above steps.

The electrode structure 107 can be manufactured by heating at 800 [° C.] to 950 [° C.] for about 30 minutes. As a result, the oxide film 105 formed on the portion of the surface of the sealing wire 102 covered with the glass member 103 is all diffused into the glass member 103 or the maximum thickness is 0.1 [μm] or less. A diffusion layer 106 made of the material of the sealing wire 102 is formed on the side of the sealing wire 102 of the glass member 103. 4). Reduction process In addition, the surface of the electrode 101 or the external lead wire may be oxidized in the oxide film forming process or the sealing process. In particular, when the electrode 101 is oxidized, it is difficult for electrons to jump out of the electrode 101 and the electrode 101 is easily sputtered. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a reduction step after the sealing step.

As shown in FIG. 3 (e), the electrode structure 100 is placed in a reduction furnace 112 and heated in a hydrogen atmosphere at 650 [° C.] to 750 [° C.] for about 15 minutes, whereby the sealing wire 102 The portions not covered with the glass member 103 and the surfaces of the electrodes 101 and the external lead wires 104 are reduced.

As described above, according to the configuration of the

electrode structures

100 and 107 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the glass bulb is sealed using this to produce a low-pressure discharge lamp. Air can be prevented from flowing into the internal space.

The minimum thickness of the diffusion layer 106 is preferably 8 [μm] or more, and the maximum thickness of the diffusion layer 106 is preferably 30 [μm] or less. In this case, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the diffusion layer 106 and further prevent air from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp.

Furthermore, it is more preferable that the minimum thickness of the diffusion layer 106 is 16 [μm] or more, and the maximum thickness of the diffusion layer 106 is 30 [μm] or less.

The minimum thickness and the maximum thickness of the diffusion layer 106 can be obtained by, for example, the element diffusion distance by line element analysis using SEM-EDS.

(Second Embodiment)
The cross-sectional view including the tube axis X ₂₀₀ of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to a second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The low-pressure discharge lamp (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 200”) according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, and is provided at at least one end of the glass bulb 201 and the glass bulb 201. Electrode structure 100.

The glass bulb 201 is made of soft glass such as lead-free glass or soda glass, for example, has a straight tubular shape, and has a substantially annular cross section cut perpendicular to the tube axis. Specifically, for example, the outer diameter is 4 [mm], the inner diameter is 3 [mm], and the total length is 1000 [mm]. The soft glass is, for example, a glass having a thermal expansion coefficient of 90 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] or more and 100 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] or less.

The inside of the glass bulb 201 is filled with, for example, 3 [mg] mercury and a rare gas such as argon or neon is sealed at a predetermined sealing pressure, for example, 40 [Torr]. In addition, as said noble gas, the mixed gas of neon and argon is used by the ratio of Ar = 10 [mol%] and Ne = 90 [mol%], for example.

A phosphor layer 202 is formed on the inner surface of the glass bulb 201. The phosphor layer 202 includes, for example, a red phosphor (Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu ²⁺ ), a green phosphor (LaPO ₄ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ ), and a blue phosphor (BaMg ₂ Al ₁₆ O ₂₇ : Eu ^{2). +} ) And a rare earth phosphor.

Further, between the inner surface of the glass bulb 201 and the phosphor layer 202, for example, yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ), silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), oxide A protective film (not shown) of a metal oxide such as titanium (TiO ₂ ) may be provided.

As described above, according to the structure of the low-pressure discharge lamp 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent air from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp 200.

Note that the electrode structure 107 may be used instead of the electrode structure 100. In this case, since the sealing wire 102 and the glass member 103 can be firmly adhered, air can be sufficiently prevented from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp.

Furthermore, a cesium compound may adhere to the inner surface of the electrode 101. In this case, the lamp voltage of the lamp 200 can be reduced, and the dark start characteristics can be improved.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view including the tube axis X ₃₀₀ of the cold cathode discharge lamp according to the third embodiment of the present invention. A cold cathode discharge lamp (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 300”) according to the third embodiment of the present invention is an internal / external electrode type cold cathode fluorescent lamp.

The lamp 300 has an external electrode 301 on the outer surface of one end thereof, and has substantially the same configuration as the lamp 200 except for the configuration associated therewith. Therefore, the external electrode 301 and the configuration associated therewith will be described in detail, and description of other points will be omitted.

The external electrode 301 is made of, for example, solder and is formed so as to cover the outer surface of one end portion of the glass bulb 201.

Alternatively, the external electrode 301 may be formed by applying silver paste to the entire circumference of the electrode forming portion of the glass bulb 201, or may be formed by covering a metal cap on one end of the glass bulb 201. Good.

Furthermore, an aluminum metal foil may be attached so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of one end of the glass bulb 201 with a conductive adhesive (not shown) in which metal powder is mixed with silicone resin. In addition, in a conductive adhesive, you may use a fluororesin, a polyimide resin, or an epoxy resin instead of a silicone resin.

Further, a protective film (not shown) of, for example, yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ) may be provided on the inner surface of the glass bulb 201 and in the region where the external electrode 301 is formed. By providing the protective film, it is possible to prevent glass scraping and pinholes caused by mercury ions bombarding that portion of the glass bulb 201.

They note that the protective film, instead of the yttrium oxide, for example, silica (SiO _2), alumina (Al ₂ O _3), zinc oxide (ZnO), titania may be used (TiO ₂₎ metal oxides and the like. In particular, when the protective film is formed of yttrium oxide or silica, mercury hardly adheres to the protective film, and mercury consumption is low.

However, the protective film is not an essential component in the present invention and may not be formed at all, or may be formed over the entire inner surface of the glass bulb 201.

Note that one end of the glass bulb 201 (end on the external electrode 301 side) may be sealed by heating and melting one end of the glass bulb 201 without using a glass member.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent air from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp 300.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 6A shows a cross-sectional view including the longitudinal central axis X ₄₀₀ of the electrode structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. An electrode structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 400”) includes an electrode 401, a sealing wire 402 having one end connected to the electrode 401, and a sealing wire 402. And a glass member 403 formed so as to cover at least a part thereof.

The electrode 401 is a filament coil made of tungsten, for example. The electrode 401 has an emitter (not shown) attached to its winding portion. For the emitter, for example, (Ba, Sr, Ca) O or the like can be used. The electrode 401 is not limited to a filament coil made of tungsten, but may be a filament coil made of rhenium tungsten. In this case, the strength when the electrode 401 is heated by lighting a lamp or the like can be improved.

The electrode 401 is supported by a pair of sealing wires 402 at both ends.

The sealing wire 402 is a pair and has substantially the same configuration as the sealing wire 102 except that both ends of the electrode 401 are supported.

At least a part of the pair of sealing wires 402 is covered with a glass member 403. The glass member 403 has substantially the same configuration as the glass member 103 except that the glass member 403 covers the sealing wire 402.

As described above, according to the configuration of the electrode structure 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when used for sealing a low-pressure discharge lamp, air is prevented from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp. can do.

Note that the electrode structure shown in FIG. 6B (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 404”) may be used. In the electrode structure 404, the electrode 405 has a double spiral structure with the central axis _X404 in the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure as a turning axis. In this case, the diameter of the lamp can be easily reduced as compared with the electrode structure 400. The sealing wire 406 is linear and has substantially the same configuration as the lead wire 402 except for the shape.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, the electrode 405 and the sealing wire 406 are preferably connected via a connecting member 407. In this case, the electrode 405 and the sealing wire 406 can be more reliably connected. The connection member 407 is made of nickel, for example.

Furthermore, it is preferable to cover the periphery of the electrode 405 with a sleeve 408. In this case, scattering of the emitter from the electrode 405 can be suppressed. The sleeve 408 is made of nickel, for example, and is connected to one connection member by welding. Note that the material of the sleeve 408 is not limited to nickel, and, for example, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, or the like can be used.

In the

electrode structures

400 and 404 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, a thick oxide film 105a is formed at the end of the surface of the sealing

wires

402 and 406 covered with the glass member. However, the electrode structure 107 may not be formed with the thick oxide film 105a. In this case, as with the electrode structure 107, the sealing

wires

402 and 406 and the glass member 403 can be firmly adhered, so that when used for sealing the low-pressure discharge lamp, the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp It is possible to sufficiently prevent the air from flowing in.

(Fifth embodiment)
The cross-sectional view including the tube axis X ₅₀₀ of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 7 (a). The low-pressure discharge lamp (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 500”) according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is a hot cathode fluorescent lamp, and includes the electrode structure 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Except for this point, it has substantially the same configuration as the lamp 200.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 500 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent air from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp 500.

As shown in FIG. 7B, a low-pressure discharge lamp 501 (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 501”) provided with an electrode structure 404 may be used. In this case, the glass bulb 201 can be reduced in diameter.

(Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 8 shows an exploded perspective view of a lighting apparatus according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. An illuminating device (hereinafter referred to as “illuminating device 600”) according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention is a direct-type backlight unit, and has a rectangular parallelepiped casing 601 having one surface opened, and the casing. A plurality of lamps 200 housed in the body 601, a pair of sockets 602 for electrically connecting the lamps 200 to a lighting circuit (not shown), and an optical sheet 603 covering an opening of the housing 601. With. The lamp 200 is a low-pressure discharge lamp 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Note that not only the lamp 200 but also the lamp 300, the lamp 500, or the lamp 501 can be used.

The housing 601 is made of, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, and a reflective surface 604 is formed by depositing a metal such as silver on the inner surface thereof. In addition, as a material of the housing | casing 601, you may comprise by metal materials, such as materials other than resin, for example, aluminum, a cold rolled material (for example, SPCC). Further, as the reflection surface 604 on the inner surface, other than the metal vapor-deposited film, for example, a reflection sheet whose reflectance is increased by adding calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide or the like to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin is used. May be.

A socket 602, an insulator 605, and a cover 606 are disposed inside the housing 601. Specifically, the sockets 602 are provided at predetermined intervals in the lateral direction (vertical direction) of the housing 601 corresponding to the arrangement of the lamps 200. The socket 602 is obtained by processing a plate material made of stainless steel or phosphor bronze, for example, and has a fitting portion 602a into which the external lead wire 104a is fitted. Then, the external lead wire 104a is fitted by being elastically deformed so as to expand the fitting portion 602a. As a result, the external lead wire 104a fitted in the fitting part 602a is pressed by the restoring force of the fitting part 602a and is difficult to come off. Thereby, the external lead wire 104a can be easily fitted into the fitting portion 602a, but can be made difficult to come off.

The socket 602 is covered with an insulator 605 so that the sockets 602 adjacent to each other are not short-circuited. The insulator 605 is made of, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin. Note that the insulator 605 is not limited to the above structure. Since the socket 602 is in the vicinity of an electrode that becomes relatively hot during operation of the lamp 200, the insulator 605 is preferably made of a heat resistant material. As a material for the heat-resistant insulator 605, for example, polycarbonate (PC) resin, silicon rubber, or the like can be used.

A lamp holder 607 may be provided inside the housing 601 at a place as necessary. The lamp holder 607 that fixes the position of the lamp 200 inside the housing 601 is, for example, polycarbonate (PC) resin, and has a shape that follows the outer shape of the lamp 200. The “location as necessary” means that the deflection of the lamp 200 is caused when the lamp 200 has a long length exceeding, for example, 600 [mm], as in the vicinity of the central portion of the lamp 200 in the longitudinal direction. It is a place necessary to eliminate.

The cover 606 divides the socket 602 and the space inside the housing 601 and is made of, for example, polycarbonate (PC) resin, keeps the periphery of the socket 602 warm, and highly reflects at least the surface on the housing 601 side. By reducing the brightness, a decrease in luminance at the end of the lamp 200 can be reduced.

The opening of the housing 601 is covered with a light-transmitting optical sheet 603 and is sealed so that foreign matters such as dust and dust do not enter inside. The optical sheet 603 is formed by laminating a diffusion plate 608, a diffusion sheet 609, and a lens sheet 610.

The diffusion plate 608 is a plate-like body made of, for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin, and is disposed so as to close the opening of the housing 601. The diffusion sheet 609 is made of, for example, a polyester resin. The lens sheet 610 is, for example, a laminate of an acrylic resin and a polyester resin. These optical sheets 603 are arranged so as to be sequentially superimposed on the diffusion plate 608.

As described above, according to the configuration of the illumination device 600 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent air from flowing into the internal space of the low-

pressure discharge lamps

200, 300, 500, 501 provided therein. it can.

(Seventh embodiment)
FIG. 9 shows a partially cutaway perspective view of a lighting apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. An illuminating device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “illuminating device 700”) is an edge light type backlight unit, which includes a reflector 701, a lamp 200, a socket (not shown), A light guide plate 702, a diffusion sheet 703, and a prism sheet 704 are provided.

The reflection plate 701 is disposed so as to surround the periphery of the light guide plate 702 except for the liquid crystal panel side (arrow Q), and the side surface covering the bottom surface portion 701a covering the bottom surface and the side surface excluding the side where the lamp 200 is disposed. Part 701b and a curved lamp side surface part 701c covering the periphery of the lamp 200, and the light emitted from the lamp 200 is reflected from the light guide plate 702 to the liquid crystal panel (not shown) side (arrow Q). Let Further, the reflection plate 701 is made of, for example, a film-like PET deposited with silver or a metal foil such as aluminum laminated.

The lamp 200 is the low-pressure discharge lamp 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Note that not only the lamp 200 but also the lamp 300, the lamp 500, or the lamp 501 can be used.

The socket has substantially the same configuration as the socket 602 used in the lighting device 600 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9, the end of the lamp 200 is omitted for convenience of illustration.

The light guide plate 702 is for guiding the light reflected by the reflection plate 701 to the liquid crystal panel side. It is weighted. Note that a polycarbonate (PC) resin or a cycloolefin-based resin (COP) can be used as the material of the light guide plate 702.

The diffusion sheet 703 is for expanding the visual field and is made of a film having a diffusion transmission function made of, for example, polyethylene terephthalate resin or polyester resin, and is stacked on the light guide plate 702.

The prism sheet 704 is for improving luminance, and is made of, for example, a sheet obtained by bonding an acrylic resin and a polyester resin, and is laminated on the diffusion sheet 703. Note that a diffusion plate (not shown) may be further stacked on the prism sheet 704.

In the case of the present embodiment, an aperture provided with a reflection sheet (not shown) on the outer surface of the glass bulb except for a part in the circumferential direction of the lamp 200 (on the light guide plate 702 side when inserted into the lighting device 700). It may be a type of lamp.

As described above, according to the configuration of the lighting apparatus 700 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent air from flowing into the internal spaces of the low-

pressure discharge lamps

200, 300, 500, and 501 provided therein. it can.

(Eighth embodiment)
FIG. 10A shows a front view of a lighting apparatus according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10B shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ of FIG. 10A. An illuminating device 800 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “illuminating device 800”) is a luminaire using an annular fluorescent lamp for general illumination.

The lighting device 800 includes a main body portion 801, a plate-like portion 802, a lamp holder 803, a socket 804, and a lamp 805.

The main body portion 801 houses a lighting circuit (not shown) and the like, and an electrical connection portion (not shown) is led out from the upper portion of the main body portion 801, for example. A socket 804 for connection is provided.

The disk-shaped part 802 is a member that supports the main body 801 and the lamp holder 803 and has, for example, a disk-shaped shape.

The lamp holder 803 is attached to the lower surface of the disk-shaped portion 802, and the lamp 805 can be held by, for example, a C-shaped sandwiching piece provided at the lower end thereof to prevent the lamp 805 from falling.

The lamp 805 is an annular hot cathode fluorescent lamp, and the low-pressure discharge lamp 500 according to the fifth embodiment, except that the shape is annular and the base 806 is located in the middle of the lamp 805. It has substantially the same configuration. The lamp 805 may have substantially the same configuration as the lamp 501 except that the lamp 805 has an annular shape and the base 806 is positioned in the middle of the lamp 805.

As described above, according to the configuration of the lighting apparatus 800 according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, air can be prevented from flowing into the internal space of the low-pressure discharge lamp 805 provided therein.

(Ninth embodiment)
An outline of an image display apparatus according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, the image display device 900 is, for example, a 32 [inch] liquid crystal television (liquid crystal display device), a liquid crystal screen unit 901 including a liquid crystal panel and the like, and an illumination device 600 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. And a lighting circuit 902.

The liquid crystal screen unit 901 is a publicly known one and includes a liquid crystal panel (color filter substrate, liquid crystal, TFT substrate, etc.) (not shown), a drive module, etc. (not shown), and is based on an image signal from the outside. To form a color image.

The lighting circuit 902 lights the lamp 200 in the lighting device 600. The lamp 200 is operated at a lighting frequency of 40 [kHz] to 100 [kHz] and a lamp current of 3.0 [mA] to 25 [mA].

In addition, although FIG. 11 demonstrated the case where the low voltage | pressure discharge lamp 200 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment was inserted in the illuminating device 600 which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention as a light source device of the image display apparatus 900, in this, Not limited to this, the lamp 300, the lamp 500, or the lamp 501 can also be used. In addition, the lighting device 700 can be used as the lighting device.

As described above, according to the configuration of the image display apparatus 900 according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, air can be prevented from flowing into the internal space of the low-

pressure discharge lamps

200, 300, 500, and 501 provided therein. Can do.

(Modification)
As described above, the present invention has been described based on the specific examples shown in the above embodiments. However, the content of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples shown in the respective embodiments. Variations can be used.
1. Electron Emissive Material An electron emissive material layer (not shown) may be formed on the surface of the electrode 101. In this case, the lamp voltage can be lowered compared to a lamp not provided with an electron emissive material layer. Specifically, the electron-emitting material layer is formed on the inner surface of the electrode 101, for example. The electron emissive material layer includes, for example, a rare earth element. This is because the cold cathode fluorescent lamp is effective in reducing the lamp voltage. Furthermore, the rare earth element is more preferably one or more of lanthanum (La) and yttrium (Y).

The electron-emitting material layer may be any one of silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), zirconium (Zr), boron (B), zinc (Zn), bismuth (Bi), phosphorus (P), and tin (Sn). It is preferable that 1 or more types are included. In this case, the lamp voltage reduction effect can be further sustained.

Furthermore, a cesium (Cs) compound may be included in the electron-emitting material layer. In this case, the dark start characteristics of the lamp can be further improved. In addition to the electron-emitting material layer, a cesium compound may be attached to the inner surface or outer surface of the electrode 101. As the cesium compound, for example, it is preferable to use at least one of cesium sulfate, cesium aluminate, cesium niobate, cesium tungstate, cesium molybdate, and cesium chloride. The cesium compound is more preferably attached to the outer side surface of the electrode 101. In this case, the cesium compound can be moderately activated easily in the manufacturing process of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp. Furthermore, it is even more preferable that the electrode 101 is attached to the tip of the lamp central portion side on the outer side surface. In this case, the cesium compound can be more easily activated in the manufacturing process of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp.
2. About a base The principal part expanded front view of the modification of the low voltage | pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown to Fig.12 (a), and the principal part expanded sectional view containing the pipe axis is shown in FIG.12 (b), respectively. Show. A modification of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the second embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 203”) has substantially the same configuration as the lamp 200 except that a base 204 is provided. Therefore, hereinafter, the base 204 will be described in detail, and description of other points will be omitted.

The base 204 is electrically and mechanically connected to the external lead wire 104. Specifically, the base 204 includes a body portion 204 a that covers the end portion of the glass bulb 201, and an extension portion 204 b that extends from one end of the body portion 204 a and is electrically and mechanically connected to the external lead wire 104. It consists of Such a lamp 203 can be electrically and mechanically connected by simply inserting the base 204 into a fuse socket (not shown) or the like when incorporated in the lighting device.

A holding portion 204c for holding the glass bulb 201 is provided on the side surface of the body portion 204a. The holding part 204c is formed, for example, by cutting out a part of the side surface of the body part 204a and bending it to the glass bulb 201 side. Further, the tip end portion 204d of the holding portion 204c is bent to the side opposite to the glass bulb 201 so as not to damage the glass bulb 201. In addition, it is preferable that 3 [locations] or more of the holding portions 204c are provided at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the body portion 204a. In this case, the glass bulb 201 can be held more stably. Furthermore, it is preferable that the contact portion between the holding portion 204 c and the glass bulb 201 is in a portion facing the electrode 101. In this case, heat dissipation generated near the electrode 101 can be promoted via the holding portion 204c.

In addition, since heat generated in the electrode 101 can be easily radiated through the base 204, an excessive increase in the temperature around the electrode 101 is suppressed in the case where an electron-emitting material layer is provided on the surface of the electrode. By suppressing the decrease of mercury in the vicinity of the electrode 101, sputtering of the electron-emitting material layer can be suppressed, and the effect of reducing the lamp voltage can be maintained as compared with a lamp in which the base 204 is not provided.
3. Regarding

Glass Members

103 and 403 and Glass Bulb 201 (1) About UV Absorption 254 [nm] by doping a glass, which is a material of

glass members

103 and 403 and glass bulb 201, with a transition metal oxide in a predetermined amount depending on its type. ] And 313 [nm] ultraviolet rays can be absorbed. Specifically, for example, in the case of titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ), the composition ratio of 0.05 [mol%] or more is doped to absorb ultraviolet rays of 254 [nm], and the composition ratio is 2 [mol%] or more. Thus, it is possible to absorb ultraviolet rays of 313 [nm]. However, when titanium oxide is doped more than the composition ratio of 5.0 [mol%], the glass is devitrified, so the composition ratio is 0.05 [mol%] or more and 5.0 [mol%] or less. It is preferable to dope in the range.

In the case of cerium oxide (CeO ₂ ), 254 [nm] ultraviolet rays can be absorbed by doping at a composition ratio of 0.05 [mol%] or more. However, when cerium oxide is doped more than 0.5 [mol%], the glass is colored, so cerium oxide has a composition ratio of 0.05 [mol%] to 0.5 [mol%]. It is preferable to dope in the following range. In addition, since coloring of glass by cerium oxide can be suppressed by doping tin oxide (SnO) in addition to cerium oxide, cerium oxide can be doped to a composition ratio of 5.0 [mol%] or less. . In this case, if cerium oxide is doped with a composition ratio of 0.5 [mol%] or more, ultraviolet rays of 313 [nm] can be absorbed. However, even in this case, when the composition ratio of cerium oxide is more than 5.0 [mol%], the glass is devitrified.

Further, in the case of zinc oxide (ZnO), ultraviolet rays of 254 [nm] can be absorbed by doping at a composition ratio of 2.0 [mol%] or more. However, when zinc oxide is doped more than 20 [mol%], the glass may be devitrified, so zinc oxide is in the range of 2.0 [mol%] to 20 [mol%]. It is preferable to dope.

Further, in the case of iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), 254 [nm] ultraviolet rays can be absorbed by doping at a composition ratio of 0.01 [mol%] or more. However, when iron oxide is doped more than the composition ratio of 2.0 [mol%], the glass is colored, so the iron oxide is contained in the composition ratio of 0.01 [mol%] to 2.0 [mol%]. It is preferable to dope in the following range.
(2) Infrared transmission coefficient The infrared transmission coefficient indicating the water content in the glass that is the material of the

glass members

103 and 403 and the glass bulb 201 is in the range of 0.3 to 1.2, particularly 0.4 or more. It is preferable to adjust so that it may become the range of 0.8 or less. If the infrared transmittance coefficient is 1.2 or less, it is easy to obtain a low dielectric loss tangent applicable to a high voltage application lamp such as a long cold cathode discharge lamp, and if it is 0.8 or less, the dielectric loss tangent is sufficient. It becomes small and becomes applicable to a high voltage application lamp.

The infrared transmittance coefficient (X) can be expressed by the following formula.

[Equation 1]
X = (log (a / b)) / t
a: Transmittance [%] of a minimum point in the vicinity of 3840 [cm ⁻¹ ]
b: Transmittance [%] of a minimum point in the vicinity of 3560 [cm ⁻¹ ].
t: Thickness of glass (3) Lead-free glass The glass used for the

glass members

103 and 403 and the glass bulb 201 has a SiO ₂ of 60 [wt%] to 75 [wt]%, Al ₂ O _{3 in} terms of oxide. Is 1 [wt%] to 5 [wt%], Li ₂ O is 0 [wt%] to 5 [wt%], K ₂ O is 3 [wt%] to 11 [wt%], and Na ₂ O is 3 [Wt%] to 12 [wt%], CaO from 0 [wt%] to 9 [wt%], MgO from 0 [wt%] to 9 [wt%], SrO from 0 [wt%] to 12 [wt] %] And BaO may have a composition of 0 [wt%] to 12 [wt%]. In this case, an environment-friendly cold cathode discharge lamp that does not contain a lead component can be provided. Furthermore, the glass used for the

glass members

103 and 403 and the glass bulb 201 has an oxide conversion of SiO ₂ of 60 [wt%] to 75 [wt]% and Al ₂ O ₃ of 1 [wt%] to 5 [5%]. wt%], B ₂ O ₃ is 0 [wt%] to 3 [wt%], Li ₂ O is 0 [wt%] to 5 [wt%], and K ₂ O is 3 [wt%] to 11 [wt]. %], Na ₂ O 3 [wt%] to 12 [wt%], CaO 0 [wt%] to 9 [wt%], MgO 0 [wt%] to 9 [wt%], SrO 0 It is more preferable that [wt%] to 12 [wt%] and BaO have a composition of 0 [wt%] to 12 [wt%].

The glass used in the glass member 103,403 and the glass bulb 201, in terms of oxide, SiO ₂ is 60 [wt%] ~ 75 [ wt]%, Al 2 O 3 is 1 [wt%] ~ 5 [ wt %], Li ₂ O is 0.5 [wt%] to 5 [wt%], K ₂ O is 3 [wt%] to 7 [wt%], and Na ₂ O is 5 [wt%] to 12 [wt]. %], CaO 1 [wt%] to 7 [wt%], MgO 1 [wt%] to 7 [wt%], SrO 0 [wt%] to 5 [wt%], BaO 7 [wt] %] To 12 [wt%]. In this case, it is possible to provide an environment-friendly cold cathode fluorescent lamp that is easy to process into a lamp and does not contain a lead component.

Furthermore, the glass used for the

glass members

103 and 403 and the glass bulb 201 has a SiO ₂ of 65 [wt%] to 75 [wt]% and an Al ₂ O ₃ of 1 [wt%] to 5 [wt] in terms of oxides. %], B ₂ O ₃ is 0 [wt%] to 3 [wt%], Li ₂ O is 0.5 [wt%] to 5 [wt%], and K ₂ O is 3 [wt%] to 7 [wt%]. wt%], Na ₂ O 5 [wt%] to 12 [wt%], CaO 2 [wt%] to 7 [wt%], MgO 2.1 [wt%] to 7 [wt%], SrO may have a composition of 0 [wt%] to 0.9 [wt%], and BaO may have a composition of 7.1 [wt%] to 12 [wt%]. In this case, it does not contain a lead component, has an electrical insulating property suitable for lighting applications, and can prevent devitrification. Furthermore, the glass used for the

glass members

103 and 403 and the glass bulb 201 has an oxide conversion of SiO ₂ of 65 [wt%] to 75 [wt]% and Al ₂ O ₃ of 1 [wt%] to 3 [3]. wt%], B ₂ O ₃ is 0 [wt%] to 3 [wt%], Li ₂ O is 1 [wt%] to 3 [wt%], and K ₂ O is 3 [wt%] to 6 [wt]. %], Na ₂ O is 7 wt% to 10 wt%, CaO is 3 wt% to 6 wt%, MgO is 3 wt% to 6 wt%, and SrO is 0 It is more preferable that [wt%] to 0.9 [wt%] and BaO have a composition of 7.1 to 10 [wt%].
(4) Shape of Glass Bulb 201 The shape of the glass bulb 201 is not limited to a straight tube shape, and may be, for example, an L shape, a U shape, a U shape, a spiral shape, or the like. Further, the cross section cut substantially perpendicular to the tube axis is not limited to a substantially circular shape, and may be a flat shape such as a track shape or a rounded round shape, an elliptical shape, or the like.
4). Regarding phosphors in the phosphor layer (1) UV absorption For example, in recent years, with the increase in size of liquid crystal color televisions, polycarbonate with good dimensional stability has been used for the diffusion plate that closes the opening of the backlight unit. ing. This polycarbonate is easily deteriorated by ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 313 [nm] emitted from mercury. In such a case, a phosphor that absorbs ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 313 [nm] may be used. The following phosphors absorb 313 [nm] ultraviolet rays.
(A) Blue Europium / manganese co-activated barium aluminate / strontium / magnesium [Ba _1-xy Sr _x Eu _y Mg _1-z Mn _z Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ ] or [Ba _1-xy Sr _x Eu _y Mg _{2− z} Mn _z Al ₁₆ O ₂₇ ]
Here, x, y, and z are preferably numbers satisfying the conditions of 0 ≦ x ≦ 0.4, 0.07 ≦ y ≦ 0.25, and 0 ≦ z <0.1, respectively.

Examples of such phosphors include europium activated barium magnesium aluminate [BaMg ₂ Al ₁₆ O ₂₇ : Eu ²⁺ ], [BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu ²⁺ ] (abbreviation: BAM-B), Europium activated barium aluminate / strontium / magnesium [(Ba, Sr) Mg ₂ Al ₁₆ O ₂₇ : Eu ²⁺ ], [(Ba, Sr) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu ²⁺ ] (abbreviation: SBAM-B) Etc.
(B) Green • Manganese inactive magnesium gallate [MgGa ₂ O ₄ : Mn ²⁺ ] (abbreviation: MGM)
Manganese activated cerium aluminate, magnesium, zinc [Ce (Mg, Zn) Al ₁₁ O ₁₉ : Mn ²⁺ ] (abbreviation: CMZ)
· Active aluminate, cerium-magnesium with terbium _{_{^{[CeMgAl 11 O 19: Tb 3+}}} ] ( abbreviation: CAT)
• Europium • Manganese co-activated barium aluminate • Strontium • Magnesium [Ba _{1 -xy} Sr _x Eu _y Mg _{1 -z} Mn _z Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ ] or [Ba _{1 -xy} Sr _x Eu _y Mg _{2 -z} Mn _z Al ₁₆ O ₂₇ ]
Here, x, y and z are numbers satisfying the conditions of 0 ≦ x ≦ 0.4, 0.07 ≦ y ≦ 0.25, and 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.6, respectively, and z is 0.4 It is preferable that ≦ x ≦ 0.5.

Examples of such phosphors include europium / manganese co-activated barium aluminate / magnesium [BaMg ₂ Al ₁₆ O ₂₇ : Eu ²⁺ , Mn ²⁺ ], [BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu ²⁺ , Mn ^{2]. +} ] (Abbreviation: BAM-G), europium / manganese co-activated barium aluminate / strontium / magnesium [(Ba, Sr) Mg ₂ Al ₁₆ O ₂₇ : Eu ²⁺ , Mn ²⁺ ], [(Ba, Sr) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu ²⁺ , Mn ²⁺ ] (abbreviation: SBAM-G).
(C) Red • Europium activated phosphorus • Yttrium vanadate [Y (P, V) O ₄ : Eu ³⁺ ] (abbreviation: YPV)
Europium activated yttrium vanadate [YVO ₄ : Eu ³⁺ ] (abbreviation: YVO)
・ Europium-activated yttrium oxysulfide [Y ₂ O ₂ S: Eu ³⁺ ] (abbreviation: YOS)
Manganese-activated magnesium fluoride germanate [3.5MgO.0.5M gF ₂ .GeO ₂ : Mn ⁴⁺ ] (abbreviation: MFG)
Dysprosium-activated yttrium vanadate [YVO ₄ : Dy ³⁺ ] (red and green two-component phosphor, abbreviation: YDS)
In addition, you may mix and use the fluorescent substance of a different compound with respect to one type of luminescent color. For example, BAM-B (absorbs 313 [nm]) only in blue, LAP (does not absorb 313 [nm]) in green, BAM-G (absorbs 313 [nm]) in green, and YOX in red Alternatively, a phosphor of YVO (absorbs 313 [nm]) may be used. In such a case, as described above, the phosphor that absorbs the wavelength 313 [nm] is adjusted so that the total weight composition ratio is larger than 50%, so that the ultraviolet rays almost leak out of the glass bulb. Can be prevented. Therefore, when the phosphor layer 202 includes a phosphor that absorbs ultraviolet rays of 313 [nm], deterioration due to ultraviolet rays such as a diffusion plate made of polycarbonate (PC) that closes the opening of the backlight unit is suppressed, The characteristics as a backlight unit can be maintained for a long time.

Here, “absorbing ultraviolet rays of 313 [nm]” means an excitation wavelength spectrum near 254 [nm] (excitation wavelength spectrum means excitation light emission while changing the wavelength of the phosphor, and the excitation wavelength and emission intensity are changed. The intensity of the excitation wavelength spectrum at 313 [nm] is defined as 80 [%] or more. That is, the phosphor that absorbs ultraviolet rays of 313 [nm] is a phosphor that can absorb ultraviolet rays of 313 [nm] and convert it into visible light.
(2) High color reproduction Liquid crystal display devices typified by liquid crystal color televisions have been used as a light source for a backlight unit of the liquid crystal display device in accordance with the recent high color reproduction that has been made as part of higher image quality. There is a need to expand the reproducible chromaticity range in cathode discharge lamps and external electrode discharge lamps.

In response to such a request, for example, by using the following phosphor, the chromaticity range can be expanded as compared with the case of using the phosphor in the embodiment. Specifically, in the CIE1931 chromaticity diagram, the chromaticity coordinate value of the phosphor for high color reproduction includes a triangle formed by connecting the chromaticity coordinate values of the three phosphors used in the embodiment. Located at the coordinates that expand the reproduction range.

(A) Blue • Europium-activated strontium chloroapatite [Sr ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu ²⁺ ] (abbreviation: SCA), chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.151, y = 0.065
In addition to the above, europium activated strontium, calcium, barium, chloroapatite [(Sr, Ca, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu ²⁺ ] (abbreviation: SBCA) can also be used, and the wavelength 313 (nm) SBAM-B, which can absorb ultraviolet rays), can also be used for high color reproduction.

(B) Green BAM-G, chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.139, y = 0.574
CMZ, chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.164, y = 0.722
CAT, chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.267, y = 0.663
As described above, these can also absorb ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 313 [nm], and in addition to the three phosphor particles described here, MGM can also be used for high color reproduction.

(C) Red • YOS, chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.651, y = 0.344
YPV, chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.658, y = 0.333
MFG, chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.711, y = 0.287
As described above, these can also absorb ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 313 [nm], and besides the three phosphor particles described here, YVO and YDS can also be used for high color reproduction.

In addition, the chromaticity coordinate values shown above are representative values measured only with each phosphor powder, and due to the measurement method (measurement principle), etc., the chromaticity coordinates indicated by each phosphor powder The value may be slightly different from the value listed above. For reference, the chromaticity coordinate values of the phosphor powders of the first embodiment are YOX (x = 0.644, y = 0.353), LAP (x = 0.351, y = 0.585). , BAM-B (x = 0.148, y = 0,056).

Furthermore, the phosphor used for emitting each color of red, green, and blue is not limited to one type for each wavelength, and a plurality of types may be used in combination.

Here, a case where a phosphor layer is formed using the above-described phosphor particles for high color reproduction will be described. In this evaluation, there are three evaluations in the case of using a phosphor for high color reproduction based on the area of the NTSC triangle (NTSC triangle) connecting the chromaticity coordinate values of the three primary colors of the NTSC standard in the CIE1931 chromaticity diagram. A triangular area ratio formed by connecting chromaticity coordinate values (hereinafter referred to as NTSC ratio) is used.

For example, when BAM-B is used as blue, BAM-G as green, and YVO as red (Example 1), the NTSC ratio is 92%, and SCA is used as blue, BAM-G as green, and YVO as red. (Example 2) NTSC ratio is 100%, and when SCA is used as blue, BAM-G as green, and YOX as red (Example 3), NTSC ratio is 95 [%]. The luminance can be improved by 10 [%] as compared with the above.

Note that the chromaticity coordinate values used for the evaluation here are measured in the state of a liquid crystal display device in which a lamp or the like is incorporated, so that the color reproduction range is around the above value depending on the combination with the color filter. there is a possibility.
5). About filled gas Krypton may be contained in the rare gas. In this case, infrared radiation of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp can be suppressed. Furthermore, it is preferable that krypton is contained in the rare gas within a range of 0.5 [mol%] to 5 [mol%]. In this case, infrared radiation of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp can be suppressed without greatly changing the lamp voltage. For example, argon is in the range of 0 [mol%] to 9.5 [mol%], neon is in the range of 90 [mol%] to 95.5 [mol%], and krypton is 0.5 [mol%]. ] In the range of 5 [mol%] or less. Furthermore, it is more preferable that krypton is contained in the rare gas within a range of 0.5 [mol%] to 3 [mol%]. Furthermore, it is even more preferable that krypton is contained in the rare gas in the range of 1 [mol%] to 3 [mol%].
6). Regarding the types of lamps In the above embodiments, the cold cathode fluorescent lamp, the internal / external electrode fluorescent lamp, and the hot cathode fluorescent lamp have been mainly described as the low-pressure discharge lamps. It may be an ultraviolet lamp in which no body layer is formed.
<Tenth to Fourteenth Embodiments>
The tenth to fourteenth embodiments according to the invention described here have been made in view of the following background art and problems.
(Background technology)
A conventional low-pressure discharge lamp is shown in FIG.

A conventional low-pressure discharge lamp (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 2001”) shown in FIG. 20 is a cold cathode fluorescent lamp including a glass bulb 2002 made of hard glass in its configuration.

The phosphor layer 2003 is attached to the inner surface of the glass bulb 2002. A glass bulb 2002 couples an enclosed gas component that emits ultraviolet light, two or more hollow electrodes 2004, two or more sealing wires 2005, and a sealing wire 2005 to the bulb with a hermetic seal that can withstand vacuum. One or more glass beads 2006 are included.

The sealing wire 2005 is made of molybdenum or a molybdenum alloy at least over the entire length of the glass bead 2006.

The hollow electrode 2004 is at least partially made of a material from the group of molybdenum, molybdenum alloy, niobium, and niobium alloy.

The glass bead 2006 includes SiO ₂ 55 to 75 [wt%], B ₂ O ₃ 13 to 25 [wt%], Al ₂ O ₃ 0 to 10 [wt%], and alkali oxide 5 to 12 [wt%]. % By weight], alkaline earth oxides from 0 to 3 [wt%], ZrO ₂ from 0 to 5 wt%, TiO ₂ from 0 to 10 [wt%], and the remaining oxide from 0 to 5 [wt%] The coefficient of thermal expansion (20 [° C.] to 300 [° C.]) is in the range of 4.0 to 5.3 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ].

The thermal expansion coefficient α2 of the glass bead 2006 and the thermal expansion coefficient α3 of the sealing wire are 1 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] ≦ (α3−α2) ≦ 1.3 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ^−1. ] (See, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-356098). That is, α2 and α3 are approximated as much as possible.
(Problems to be solved by the invention)
However, according to the inventors' investigation, in the electrode structure used for sealing the glass bulb, the glass member has a thermal expansion coefficient of 90 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] or more and 100 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ]. When soft glass within the following range is used, even if the thermal expansion coefficient between the sealing wire of the electrode structure and the glass member is approximated, the glass member of the electrode structure may be distorted. all right. When a glass bulb is sealed with the electrode structure in a state where the glass member of the electrode structure is distorted, a sealing portion is formed in a process involving thermal shock such as sealing because the strain remains in the glass member. May be damaged, and the airtightness between the glass member and the sealing wire may be impaired.

Therefore, the electrode structure according to the present invention prevents the sealing portion of the glass member from being damaged when the glass bulb is sealed using the electrode structure by reducing the distortion of the glass member. With the goal.

Also, the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention aims to prevent the sealing portion of the electrode structure from being damaged.

Furthermore, it is an object of the illumination device and the image display device according to the present invention to prevent a low-pressure discharge lamp provided therein from being damaged by a stress accompanying an impact or the like.
(Means for solving the problem)
In order to solve the above problems, an electrode structure according to the present invention is formed so as to cover an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and at least a part of the sealing wire. An electrode structure having a glass member, wherein a thermal expansion coefficient of the sealing wire is K _l [K ⁻¹ ], and a thermal expansion coefficient of the glass member is K _g [K ⁻¹ ], 7.5 × 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ (K ₁ −K _g ) ≦ 12 × 10 ⁻⁷ and 90 × 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ K _g ≦ 100 × 10 ⁻⁷ is satisfied.

In the electrode structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that a relationship of 9 × 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ (K ₁ −K _g ) ≦ 12 × 10 ⁻⁷ is satisfied.

In the electrode structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that an oxide film is formed on the surface of at least a portion of the sealing wire covered with the glass member.

Furthermore, in the electrode structure according to the present invention, the oxide film preferably contains FeO or Fe ₃ O ₄ .

In the electrode structure according to the present invention, the sealing wire is preferably made of an alloy of iron and nickel.

The low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention has a glass bulb and the electrode structure provided at at least one end of the glass bulb.

The image display device according to the present invention includes the illumination device.
(The invention's effect)
The electrode structure according to the present invention reduces the distortion of the glass member of the electrode structure, so that when the glass bulb is sealed using the electrode structure, the sealed portion of the electrode structure is damaged. Can be prevented.

Moreover, the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention can prevent the sealed portion of the electrode structure from being damaged.

Furthermore, the illumination device and the image display device according to the present invention can prevent the low-pressure discharge lamp provided therein from being damaged by stress accompanying impact or the like.

(Tenth embodiment)
FIG. 14 shows a cross-sectional view including the central axis X ₂₁₀₀ in the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. An electrode structure 2100 according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 2100”) includes an electrode 2101, a sealing wire 2102 having one end connected to the electrode 2101, and a sealing wire. 2102 and a glass member 2103 formed so as to cover at least a part of 2102.

The electrode 2101 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, for example, and has an inner diameter of 2.4 [mm], an outer diameter of 2.7 [mm], a bottom thickness of 0.2 [mm], and a total length of 10 [mm]. And made of nickel (Ni). The material of the electrode 2101 is not limited to nickel, and any one of niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W), or any two or more alloys thereof can be used. The electrode 2101 is connected to one end surface of the sealing wire 2102 at a substantially central portion of the outer bottom surface. The electrode 2101 and the sealing wire 2102 may be directly connected or may be connected via a brazing material made of nickel foil or Kovar foil, for example. As a method for connecting the electrode 2101 and the sealing wire 2102, laser welding, resistance welding, or the like can be used.

The sealing wire 2102 is, for example, connected to the outer bottom surface and one end surface of the electrode 2101 and covered with a glass member 2103 at a part of the side surface. The sealing wire 2102 has a wire diameter of 0.8 [mm], for example, and is made of an alloy of iron and nickel.

Note that, as described above, in the sealing wire 2102, an oxide film (not shown) is not formed on the surface of the portion covered with the glass member 103, or the maximum even if it is formed. An oxide film having a thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is preferable. In the latter case, the oxide film preferably contains one or both of FeO and Fe ₃ O ₄ . Furthermore, when the sealing wire 2102 contains iron, the tensile strength between the sealing wire 2102 and the glass member 2103 can be improved.

Furthermore, it is more preferable that the oxide film contains at least Fe ₃ O ₄ . In this case, when the sealing wire 2102 contains iron, the tensile strength between the sealing wire 2102 and the glass member 2103 can be further improved.

For example, in the case of an alloy of iron and nickel, the sealing wire 2102 can adjust its thermal expansion coefficient K _l [K ⁻¹ ] by adjusting the ratio of iron and nickel. For example, when the sealing wire 2102 is an alloy of 49 [wt%] iron and 51 [wt%] nickel, the thermal expansion coefficient K _l [K ⁻¹ ] of the sealing wire 2102 is 100 × 10 ^{−. 7} [K ^-1 ]. Specific examples of alloys of iron and nickel used for the sealing wire 2102 are shown in Table 2.

The thermal expansion coefficient K _l of the sealing wire 2102 is obtained by melting the sealing wire 2102 to prepare a sample, and measuring the elongation of the sample from 30 [° C.] to 300 [° C.] with a thermomechanical analyzer. be able to. If it is difficult to melt the sealing wire 2102 and measure it with a thermomechanical analyzer, such as when the sealing wire 2102 is small, the composition of the sealing wire 2102 is analyzed and the composition is substantially the same. After producing a large sample, the thermal expansion coefficient of the sealing wire 2102 can be obtained by measuring with a thermomechanical analyzer.

As shown in FIG. 14, an external lead wire 2104 may be connected to the other end of the sealing wire 2102. In this case, when the electrode structure 2100 is used for a low pressure discharge lamp, the external force applied to the external lead wire 2104 is absorbed by the connection portion between the sealing wire 2102 and the external lead wire 2104. Can be relaxed. The external lead wire 2104 has, for example, a wire diameter of 0.6 [mm] and is made of nickel. The external lead 2104 is not limited to nickel, and may be an alloy of nickel and manganese or a dumet wire. Note that the surface of the external lead wire 2104 may be covered with solder in order to prevent oxidation of the external lead wire 2104.

The glass member 2103 has a substantially spherical shape and seals the sealing wire 2102 along its substantially central axis. The thermal expansion coefficient of the glass member 2103 can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the composition of the glass that is the material. Specific examples of the glass composition used for the glass member 2103 are shown in Table 3.

As shown in Table 3, for example, in the case of glass A, its thermal expansion coefficient K _g [K ⁻¹ ] is 92.5 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ], and in the case of glass B, its thermal expansion coefficient K _g [K ⁻¹ ] is 93.6 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ], and in the case of glass C, the thermal expansion coefficient K _g [K ⁻¹ ] is 94.5 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ^{−]. 1} ], and in the case of glass D, the thermal expansion coefficient K _g [K ⁻¹ ] is 100 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ].

The thermal expansion coefficient K _g of the glass member 2103 can be obtained by melting the glass member 2103 to prepare a sample, and measuring the elongation of the sample at 30 [° C.] to 300 [° C.] using a thermomechanical analyzer. it can. When it is difficult to melt the glass member 2103 and measure with a thermomechanical analyzer, such as when the glass member 2103 is small, the composition of the glass member 2103 is analyzed, and a large sample having substantially the same composition is analyzed. After the production, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass member 2103 can be obtained by measuring with a thermomechanical analyzer.

When the thermal expansion coefficient of the sealing wire 2102 is K _l [K ⁻¹ ] and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass member is K _g [K ⁻¹ ], 7.5 × 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ (K _l − K _g ) ≦ 12 × 10 ⁻⁷ and 90 × 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ K _g ≦ 100 × 10 ⁻⁷ , strain generated in the glass member in the electrode structure can be reduced.

(Experiment)
In order to confirm whether the distortion generated in the glass member in the electrode structure 2100 can be reduced, the inventors have made contact with the surface of the sealing line of the glass member and its vicinity (hereinafter referred to as “sealing”). An experiment was conducted to investigate the degree of distortion in the “wearing part”.

That is, carried out by adjusting the material of the sealing wire and the glass member, respectively, by changing the K _l -K _g, an experiment to evaluate the magnitude of the degree of residual stress distortion generated on the glass member (sealing portion) It was.

Residual stress was measured with a residual stress measuring device (Polarimeter SFII-C type, manufactured by Shinko Seiki Co., Ltd.) with the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the sealed portion as a measuring point. This measurement point is because when the glass member is formed, the temperature difference at the time of cooling is larger than that of the outer surface of the glass member, so that the residual stress is the largest among the glass members.

The experimental results are shown in FIG.

FIG. 15 shows the correlation between (K _l -K _g ) and the residual stress, where the horizontal axis represents the magnitude of (K _l -K _g ) and the vertical axis represents the magnitude of the residual stress at the sealed portion. FIG. Note that the residual stress on the vertical axis is positive when the stress in the direction in which the glass member holds the sealing wire 2102 in the radial direction remains.

As shown in FIG. _15, the K l -K If _g is the 7.5 × 10 ^-7 [K ^-1] or 12 × 10 ^-7 [K ^-1] within the range, residual stress in the glass member It can be 0 or more and 60 [kgf / cm ² ] or less. In other words, the magnitude of strain generated in the glass member can be reduced.

On the other hand, when K ₁ -K _g is smaller than 7.5 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ], the residual stress of the glass member becomes larger than 60 [kgf / cm ² ]. In other words, the distortion generated in the glass member increases.

When the residual stress is larger than 60 [kgf / cm ² ], when the glass bulb is sealed with the glass member, if a thermal shock is applied to the glass member with a gas burner or the like, the portion where the residual stress of the glass member is large On the other hand, it has been confirmed that further stress is generated, and the glass member is not able to withstand the stress and is damaged. That is, if the residual stress in the portion having the largest residual stress is reduced, the glass member can be prevented from being damaged.

Further, when K ₁ -K _g is larger than 12 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ], since the negative residual stress exists in the glass member, the sealing property by the glass member (between the glass member and the sealing wire) The airtightness between them is reduced.

That is, when K ₁ -K _g is in the range of 7.5 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] to 12 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ], the distortion of the glass member is reduced, and the sealing line And the glass member can be improved in sealing property (airtightness).

Furthermore, K ₁ -K _g is more preferably in the range of 9 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] to 12 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ]. In this case, the residual stress of the glass member can be 0 or more and 40 [kgf / cm ² ] or less.

Furthermore, in consideration of variations during the production of the glass member, K ₁ −K _g is preferably 11 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] or less. In this case, generation of negative residual stress can be steadily prevented.

As described above, according to the configuration of the electrode structure 2100 according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, the low-pressure discharge lamp using the electrode structure 2100 is reduced by reducing the distortion of the glass member 2103 of the electrode structure 2100. In the electrode structure 2100, the glass member can be prevented from being damaged at the sealing portion.

(Eleventh embodiment)
FIG. 16 shows a cross-sectional view including the tube axis X ₂₂₀₀ of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. A low-pressure discharge lamp 2200 (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 2200”) according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention is a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, and is provided at at least one end of a glass bulb 2201 and a glass bulb 2201. An electrode structure 2100.

The glass bulb 2201 has a straight tube shape, and a cross section cut substantially perpendicular to the tube axis has a substantially annular shape. The glass bulb 2201 has, for example, an outer diameter of 4 [mm], an inner diameter of 3 [mm], and an overall length of 1000 [mm], and the material thereof is soft glass such as lead-free glass or soda glass. The dimensions of the lamp 2200 shown below are values corresponding to the dimensions of the glass bulb 2201 having an outer diameter of 4 [mm] and an inner diameter of 3 [mm].

Mercury and rare gas are sealed inside the glass bulb 2201. Mercury is sealed in an amount of 3 mg, for example. The rare gas is, for example, a mixed gas of argon (Ar) and neon (Ne), and a gas having a molar ratio of Ar: 10 [mol%] and Ne: 90 [mol%] is sealed at a pressure of 40 [Torr]. Has been.

A phosphor layer 2202 is formed on the inner surface of the glass bulb 2201. The phosphor layer 2202 includes, for example, red phosphor particles (Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu ³⁺ ), green phosphor particles (LaPO ₄ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ ), and blue phosphor particles (BaMg ₂ Al ₁₆ O). ₂₇ : Eu ²⁺ ).

Further, between the inner surface of the glass bulb 2201 and the phosphor layer 2202, for example, yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ), silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), zinc oxide (ZnO) titanium oxide. A protective film (not shown) of a metal oxide such as (TiO ₂ ) may be provided. Thereby, a brightness | luminance maintenance factor can be improved by suppressing reaction with the sodium component of a glass bulb | bulb, and mercury.

The electrode structure 2100 is substantially the same as the electrode structure 2100 according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, and is provided at both ends of the glass bulb 2201.

The coefficient of thermal expansion K _g [K ⁻¹ ] of the glass member 2103 of the electrode structure 2100 in a state sealed to the glass bulb 2201 is the tube axis direction center portion side of the glass member 2103 (from the broken line arrow in FIG. 16). At the end of the tube axis direction), the glass bulb is cut, the glass member 2103 is melted together with the glass bulb 2201 to prepare a sample, and the elongation amount of the sample from 30 [° C.] to 300 [° C.] by a thermomechanical analyzer It can be obtained by measuring. In this case, a part of the glass bulb 2201 is mixed with the glass member, but since the amount thereof is smaller than the amount of the glass member 2103, the influence is considered to be small.

If it is difficult to melt the glass member 2103 and measure it with a thermomechanical analyzer, such as when the glass member 2103 is small, the composition of the glass member 2103 is analyzed, and a large sample with substantially the same composition is analyzed. after having produced, it is possible to obtain a coefficient of thermal expansion K _g of the glass member 2103 by measuring by thermomechanical analyzer.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 2200 according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the sealing portion of the electrode structure 2100 from being damaged.

The thermal expansion coefficient K _b of the glass bulb 2201 is preferably in the range of 90 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] to 100 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ]. In this case, the sealing property with the electrode structure 2100 can be improved.

Furthermore, a cesium compound may adhere to the inner surface of the electrode 2101. In this case, the lamp voltage of the lamp 2200 can be reduced, and the dark start characteristics can be improved.

(Twelfth embodiment)
FIG. 17 is a sectional view including the tube axis X ₂₃₀₀ of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A discharge tube (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 2300”) according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention is an internal / external electrode fluorescent lamp.

The lamp 2300 has an external electrode 2301 on the outer surface of one end thereof, and has substantially the same configuration as that of the low-pressure discharge lamp 2200 according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention except for the configuration associated therewith. . Therefore, the external electrode 2301 and the configuration associated therewith will be described in detail, and the other points will be omitted.

The external electrode 2301 is made of, for example, solder and is formed so as to cover the outer surface of one end of the glass bulb 2201.

Further, the external electrode 2301 may be formed by applying a silver paste to the entire circumference of the electrode forming portion of the glass bulb 2201, or a metal cap may be put on one end of the glass bulb 2201. Further, an aluminum metal foil may be attached so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface of one end of the glass bulb 2201 with a conductive adhesive (not shown) in which metal powder is mixed with silicone resin. . In addition, in a conductive adhesive, you may use a fluororesin, a polyimide resin, or an epoxy resin instead of a silicone resin.

Further, for example, a protective film of yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ) may be provided on the inner surface of the glass bulb 2201 and in the region where the external electrode 2301 is formed. By providing a protective film (not shown), it is possible to prevent glass scraping or pinholes caused by mercury ions bombarding that portion of the glass bulb 2201.

The protective film may be made of metal oxide such as silica (SiO ₂ ), alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), titania (TiO ₂ ), for example, instead of yttrium oxide. In particular, when the protective film is formed of yttrium oxide or silica, mercury hardly adheres to the protective film, and mercury consumption is low.

Note that the other end of the glass bulb 2201 may be sealed by heating and melting one end of the glass bulb 2201 without using the glass member 2103.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 2300 according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the sealing portion of the electrode structure 2100 from being damaged.

(13th Embodiment)
FIG. 18A is a cross-sectional view including the central axis X ₂₄₀₀ in the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. An electrode structure according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 2400”) includes an electrode 2401, a sealing wire 2402 having one end connected to the electrode 2401, and a sealing wire 2402. And a glass member 2403 formed so as to cover at least a part thereof.

The electrode 2401 is, for example, a filament coil made of tungsten. The electrode 2401 has an emitter (not shown) attached to its winding portion. For the emitter, for example, (Ba, Sr, Ca) O or the like can be used. The electrode 2401 is not limited to a filament coil made of tungsten, but may be a filament coil made of rhenium tungsten. In this case, the strength when the electrode 2401 is heated by lighting a lamp or the like can be improved.

The electrode 2401 is supported by a pair of sealing wires 2402 at both ends. The sealing wire 2402 is made of an alloy of iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni), for example. Specifically, it is preferably made of an alloy of nickel in the range of 50 [wt%] to 52 [wt%] and the remaining iron.

At least a part of the pair of sealing wires 2402 is covered with a glass member 2403. The glass member 2403 has a substantially egg shape, a cross section cut perpendicularly to the line axis of the sealing line 2402 has a substantially elliptical shape, and the midpoint of the pair of sealing lines 2402 is substantially the midpoint of the glass member 2403. The glass member 2103 has substantially the same configuration except that the sealing wire 2402 is sealed so as to pass therethrough.

Note that the number of glass members 2403 is not limited to 1 [piece], and a plurality of glass members 2403 may be provided in the longitudinal direction of the sealing wire 2402. When 2 [pieces] of the glass member 2403 are provided in the longitudinal direction of the sealing wire 2402, one glass member can be used for temporary sealing in the manufacturing process of the lamp, which makes it easier to manufacture the lamp. it can.

As described above, according to the configuration of the electrode structure 2400 according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, the low-pressure discharge lamp is reduced using the electrode structure 2400 by reducing the distortion of the glass member 2403 of the electrode structure 2400. Can be prevented from being damaged when the electrode structure 2400 is sealed.

The electrode structure shown in FIG. 18B (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 2404”) may be used. In the electrode structure 2404, the electrode 2405 has a double spiral structure with the central axis X ₂₄₀₄ in the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure ₂₄₀₄ as a turning axis. In this case, the diameter of the lamp can be easily reduced as compared with the electrode structure 2400. The sealing wire 2406 has a linear shape and has substantially the same configuration as the sealing wire 2402 except for the shape.

As shown in FIG. 18B, the electrode 2405 and the sealing wire 2406 are preferably connected via a connecting member 2407. In this case, the connection between the electrode 2405 and the sealing wire 2406 can be more reliably performed. The connecting member 2407 is made of nickel, for example.

Furthermore, it is preferable to cover the periphery of the electrode 2405 with a sleeve 2408. In this case, scattering of the emitter from the electrode 2405 can be suppressed. The sleeve 2408 is made of nickel, for example, and is connected to one connection member by welding. Note that the material of the sleeve 2408 is not limited to nickel, and, for example, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, or the like can be used.

(Fourteenth embodiment)
FIG. 19A shows a cross-sectional view including the central axis X ₂₅₀₀ in the longitudinal direction of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. The low-pressure discharge lamp (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 2500”) according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is a hot cathode fluorescent lamp, and includes the electrode structure 2400 according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. Except for this point, it has substantially the same configuration as the low-pressure discharge lamp 2200 according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 2500 according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention, the sealed portion of the electrode structure 2400 can be prevented from being damaged.

Note that, as shown in FIG. 19B, a low-pressure discharge lamp (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 2501”) including an electrode structure 2404 may be used. In this case, in addition to preventing the sealed portion of the electrode structure 2404 from being damaged, the glass bulb 2201 can be reduced in diameter.

Up to this point, the tenth to fourteenth embodiments have been described. However, by using the lamp according to the present embodiment, the sixth embodiment (FIG. 8), the seventh embodiment (FIG. 9), and the eighth embodiment You may comprise an illuminating device similarly to the illuminating device which concerns on embodiment (FIG. 10). Moreover, you may comprise an image display apparatus similarly to the image display apparatus which concerns on 9th Embodiment (FIG. 11) using the said illuminating device.
<Fifteenth to twentieth embodiments>
The fifteenth to twentieth embodiments have been made in view of the following background art and problems.
(Background technology)
A cross-sectional view including the tube axis of a conventional low-pressure discharge lamp is shown in FIG. A conventional low-pressure discharge lamp 3001 (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 3001”) is, for example, a cold cathode discharge lamp, and includes a glass tube 3002 and electrode structures 3003 sealed at both ends of the glass tube 3002. . The electrode structure 3003 includes an electrode 3004, a lead wire 3005 connected to the electrode 3004, and a glass bead 3006 attached to the lead wire 3005.

30B, in the electrode structure 3003, the electrode 3004 and the lead wire 3005 are resistance-welded, and then a cylindrical glass bead 3006 is fitted to the lead wire 3005, and the glass bead 3006 is used by the gas burner 3007. Is heated and melted (see, for example, JP-A-8-236023).
(Issue to solve)
When the tube diameter of the glass tube 3002 is large, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the glass bead 3006. Since the glass bead 3006 is produced by melting a glass tube (not shown), a thick glass tube is required to produce a thick glass bead.

However, if an attempt is made to stretch and make a thick glass tube, the speed at which the glass tube is stretched must be slowed. In this case, the glass tube may sag and the shape may become unstable.

Further, the thick glass bead 3006 is difficult to cover the lead wire 3005 because heat is not easily transmitted to the inside of the glass tube when the glass tube is melted by heating to be processed into a glass bead. Since the portion covered with the glass bead 3006 serves as a sealing portion of the lamp 3001, when the glass bead 3006 is not covered with the lead wire 3005, air enters the internal space of the glass tube 3002, There is a possibility that the lamp 3001 may not light up.

Therefore, the electrode structure according to the present embodiment is intended to be sealed on a glass tube having a large tube diameter and to improve its sealing property.

Also, the low-pressure discharge lamp according to this embodiment aims to improve the sealing property when the diameter of the glass tube is increased.

(Fifteenth embodiment)
FIG. 21 shows a cross-sectional view including the central axis X ₃₁₀₀ in the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. An electrode structure 3100 according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 3100”) includes an electrode 3101, a lead wire 3102 having one end connected to the electrode 3101, and at least a lead wire 3102. And a glass bead 3103 formed so as to cover a part.

The electrode 3101 has, for example, a cylindrical shape with a bottom, an inner diameter of 2.4 [mm], an outer diameter of 2.7 [mm], a bottom thickness of 0.2 [mm], and a total length of 8.2 [mm]. mm] and made of nickel (Ni). The material of the electrode 3101 is not limited to nickel, and an alloy containing one or more of niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W) can be used. The electrode 3101 is connected to one end surface of the lead wire 3102 at a substantially central portion of the outer bottom surface thereof. The electrode 3101 and the lead wire 3102 may be directly connected, or may be connected via a brazing material made of nickel foil or Kovar foil, for example. As a connection method, laser welding, resistance welding, or the like can be used.

In the lead wire 3102, for example, the outer bottom surface and one end surface of the electrode 3101 are connected, and the inner lead 3102 a line covered with the glass bead 3103 is partly connected to the other end surface and one end surface of the inner lead wire 3102 a. It consists of a connection with an external lead wire 3102b.

The internal lead wire 3102a has a wire diameter of 0.8 [mm] and is made of tungsten. Note that the internal lead wire 3102a is preferably made of a material that matches the thermal expansion coefficient of glass used as the material of the glass bead 3103. For example, when the glass bead is borosilicate glass for sealing Kovar wire, it is preferable to use an alloy of iron, nickel, and cobalt (Kovar). In the case where the glass beads 3103 are soft glass such as lead-free glass or soda glass, it is preferable to use an alloy of iron and nickel.

Note that an oxide film (not shown) is preferably formed on the surface of at least a portion of the internal lead wire 3102a covered with the glass bead 3103. In this case, the sealing property between the internal lead wire 3102a and the glass bead 3103 can be improved. Further, the oxide film preferably contains FeO. In this case, the sealing property between the internal lead wire 3102a and the glass bead 3103 can be further improved.

The external lead wire 3102b has a wire diameter of 0.6 [mm] and is made of nickel. The external lead wire 3102b is not limited to nickel, and an alloy of nickel and manganese, jumet, or the like may be used. The surface of the external lead wire 3102b may be covered with solder in order to prevent oxidation of the external lead wire 3102b.

The glass bead 3103 has a substantially spherical shape, covers (seals) the internal lead wire 3102a along its substantially central axis, and is made of borosilicate glass for sealing tungsten wires. The glass bead 3103 has a two-layer structure, and includes an inner layer 3103a covering the inner lead 3102a and an outer layer 3103b covering the inner layer. Thereby, it is easy to form a glass tube as a material of the glass bead 3103, and when processing from the glass tube to the glass bead, it can be sufficiently heated and melted for one layer of the glass bead, The outer diameter of the glass bead can be increased and sealed to a glass tube having a large tube diameter, and the sealing property can be improved.

Note that the glass bead 3103 is not limited to a two-layer structure, and may have a multilayer structure such as a three-layer structure or a four-layer structure according to the inner diameter of a glass tube to be sealed using the electrode structure 3100. Further, from the viewpoint of sealing properties, the glass bead 3103 is preferably made of a material having the same or similar thermal expansion coefficient as the material of the sealing partner (in the case of a discharge lamp, the glass tube 3201).

The manufacturing method of the electrode structure 3100 will be described in detail below. The manufacturing method of the electrode structure 3100 includes a connecting step of connecting the electrode 3101 and the lead wire 3102, an inserting step of inserting the lead wire 3102 into the cavity of the multiple glass tube 3104 that is a material of the glass bead 3103, and a glass tube And a heating step of heating and melting 3104. Hereafter, each process is demonstrated in detail using FIG.

As shown in FIG. 22A, in the connection step, one end surface of the lead wire 3102 is brought into contact with the outer bottom surface of the electrode 3101 and connected by, for example, resistance welding. The connection method is not limited to resistance welding, and laser welding or the like may be used.

Next, as shown in FIG. 22B, in the insertion step, the lead wire is inserted into the hollow portion of the cylindrical glass tube 3104 from the end opposite to the side to which the electrode is connected. Since the glass tubes 3104 are multiple, first, the lead wire 3102 may be inserted into the hollow portion of the glass tube 3104a with a small diameter, and then the glass tube 3104a with a small diameter may be inserted into the glass tube 3104b with a large diameter. Then, the lead wire 3102 may be inserted into the hollow portion of the small diameter glass tube 3104a in a state where the small diameter glass tube 3104a is inserted into the hollow portion of the large diameter glass tube 3104b.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 22B, the lead wire 3102 is inserted into the fixing hole 3105a provided on one end face of the jig 3105 and fixed.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 22C, in the heating step, the glass tube 3104 is heated by, for example, a gas burner 3106 in a state where the lead wire 3102 is inserted and fixed in the fixing hole 3105 a of the jig 3105. Thereby, the glass bead 3103 covered with the lead wire 3102 is formed by melting the glass tube 3104a having a small diameter and the glass tube 3104b having a large diameter together.

As described above, the electrode structure 3100 according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention can be sealed to a glass tube having a large tube diameter, and its sealing property can be improved.

The glass bead 3103 has a two-layer structure, and the ratio of the thickness m of the inner layer 3103a to the thickness n of the outer layer 3103b at the middle portion of the glass bead 3103 in the longitudinal direction is 1: It is preferably within the range of 0.5 or more and 1: 2 or less. In this case, the glass tube used as the material of the inner layer 3103a and the outer layer 3103b can be sufficiently melted to form a glass bead having a stable shape. Further, the ratio of m: n is more preferably in the range of 1: 0.8 or more and 1: 1.5 or less.

In the glass bead 3103, the ratio of the length r in the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure to the length s in the direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure is in the range of 1: 1 to 1: 4. It is preferable to be within. In this case, when the glass tube is melted to form a glass bead, the inside of the glass tube can be sufficiently melted to improve the sealing property. Furthermore, the ratio of r: s is more preferably in the range of 1: 1 or more and 1: 2 or less.

(Sixteenth embodiment)
FIG. 23 is a sectional view including the tube axis X ₃₂₀₀ of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention. A low-pressure discharge lamp 3200 (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 3200”) according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention is a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, and is provided at a glass tube 3201 and at least one end of the glass tube 3201. An electrode structure 3100.

The glass tube 3201 is a straight tube, and a cross section cut perpendicularly to the tube axis has a substantially annular shape. The glass tube 3201 has, for example, an outer diameter of 6 [mm], an inner diameter of 5 [mm], and an overall length of 1026 [mm], and the material thereof is, for example, borosilicate glass. The dimensions of the lamp 3200 shown below are values corresponding to the dimensions of the glass tube 3201 having an outer diameter of 6 [mm] and an inner diameter of 5 [mm]. Mercury and a rare gas are sealed inside the glass tube 3201. For example, 3.5 [mg] mercury is enclosed in the mercury. As for the rare gas, for example, neon and argon are sealed at a pressure of 60 [Torr] with a mixed gas having a molar ratio of Ar: 5 [mol%] and Ne: 95 [mol%].

A phosphor layer 3202 is formed on the inner surface of the glass tube 3201. The phosphor particles used for the phosphor layer 3202 are, for example, red phosphor particles (Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu ³⁺ ), green phosphor particles (LaPO ₄ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ ), and blue phosphor particles ( BaMg ₂ Al ₁₆ O ₂₇ : Eu ²⁺ ).

Further, between the inner surface of the glass tube 3201 and the phosphor layer 3202, for example, yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ), silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), oxide A protective film (not shown) of a metal oxide such as titanium (TiO ₂ ) may be provided. Thereby, a brightness | luminance maintenance factor can be improved by suppressing reaction with the sodium component of a glass tube, and mercury.

In addition, it is preferable that the internal diameter of the glass tube 3201 exists in the range of 3 [mm] or more and 9 [mm] or less. In this case, it is difficult to seal the glass tube 3201 with a single glass bead, and it is possible to seal with a multi-layer glass bead. Further, the inner diameter of the glass tube 3201 is more preferably in the range of 4 [mm] to 9 [mm]. In this case, it is particularly difficult to seal the glass tube 3201 with a single glass bead, and the glass tube 3201 can be sealed with a multilayer glass bead.

The wall thickness of the glass tube is preferably in the range of 0.3 [mm] to 1.2 [mm]. In this case, heat necessary for sealing the glass beads can be easily transmitted when sealing to the glass tube. Furthermore, the thickness of the glass tube is more preferably within a range of 0.4 [mm] to 0.8 [mm].

The electrode structure 3100 is substantially the same as the electrode structure 3100 according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, and is sealed at both ends of the glass tube 3201.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 3200 according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention, when the tube diameter of the glass tube 3201 is increased, the sealing property can be improved.

(Seventeenth embodiment)
FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view including the tube axis X ₃₃₀₀ of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the seventeenth embodiment of the present invention. A low-pressure discharge lamp 3300 (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 3300”) according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention is an internal / external electrode fluorescent lamp.

The lamp 3300 has an external electrode 3301 on the outer surface of one end thereof, and has substantially the same configuration as the low-pressure discharge lamp 3200 according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention, except for the configuration associated therewith. . Therefore, the external electrode 3301 and the configuration associated therewith will be described in detail, and the other points will be omitted.

The external electrode 3301 is made of, for example, solder and is formed so as to cover the outer surface of one end portion of the glass tube 3201.

Further, the external electrode 3301 may be formed by applying a silver paste to the entire circumference of the electrode forming portion of the glass tube 3201, or a metal cap may be put on one end of the glass tube 3201. Further, an aluminum metal foil may be attached so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface of one end of the glass tube 3201 with a conductive adhesive (not shown) in which metal powder is mixed with silicone resin. . In addition, in a conductive adhesive, you may use a fluororesin, a polyimide resin, or an epoxy resin instead of a silicone resin.

Further, a protective film of, for example, yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ) may be provided on the inner surface of the glass tube 3201 and the region where the external electrode 3301 is formed. By providing a protective film (not shown), it is possible to prevent glass scraping or pinholes caused by mercury ions bombarding the portion of the glass tube 3201.

However, the protective film is not an essential component in the present invention and may not be formed at all, or may be formed over the entire inner surface of the glass tube 3201.

One end of the glass tube may be sealed by heating and melting one end of the glass tube 3201 without using a glass bead, or the electrode according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. The glass beads 3103 similar to the structure 3100 may be used for sealing.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 3300 according to the seventeenth embodiment of the present invention, when the tube diameter of the glass tube 3201 is increased, the sealing property can be improved.

(Eighteenth embodiment)
FIG. 25 is a sectional view including the tube axis X ₃₄₀₀ of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention. A low-pressure discharge lamp 3400 (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 3400”) according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention is an external electrode fluorescent lamp.

The lamp 3400 has external electrodes 3301 on the outer surfaces of both end portions thereof, and has substantially the same configuration as the low-pressure discharge lamp 3300 according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention except for the configuration associated therewith. . Therefore, the external electrode 3301 and the configuration associated therewith will be described in detail, and the other points will be omitted.

The lamp 3400 includes a glass tube 3201 and a multi-layered glass bead 3103 sealed at at least one end of the glass tube 3201. Specifically, in the lamp 3400, one end of a glass tube 3201 is sealed with a glass bead 3103 having a multilayer structure, and the other end is sealed without using a glass bead. The multilayer glass bead 3103 is substantially the same as the glass bead 3103 according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. Note that both ends of the glass tube 3201 may be sealed with a multilayer glass bead 3103.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 3400 according to the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention, the sealing performance can be improved when the diameter of the glass tube 3201 is increased.

(Nineteenth embodiment)
FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view including the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the electrode structure according to the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention. An electrode structure 3500 (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 3500”) according to a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode 3501, a lead wire 3502 having one end connected to the electrode 3501, and at least a lead wire 3502. A glass bead 3503 formed so as to cover a part thereof. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 26, the electrode structure 3500 includes an electrode 3501, a pair of lead wires 3502 that respectively support both ends of the electrode 3501, and a glass bead 3503.

The electrode 3501 is a filament coil made of tungsten, for example. The electrode 3501 has an emitter (not shown) attached to its winding portion. For the emitter, for example, (Ba, Sr, Ca) O or the like can be used. Note that the electrode 3501 is not limited to a filament coil made of tungsten, and a filament coil made of rhenium tungsten can also be used. In this case, the strength when the electrode 3501 is heated by lamp lighting or the like can be improved. In addition, the electrode 3501 may have a double spiral structure with the central axis of the electrode structure as a turning axis.

The lead wire 3502 is made of, for example, an alloy of iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni). Specifically, it is preferably made of an alloy of nickel in the range of 50 [wt%] to 52 [wt%] and the remaining iron.

The glass bead 3503 has a substantially egg shape, and a cross section perpendicular to the line axis of the lead wire 3502 has a substantially elliptical shape, and the midpoint of the two lead wires 3502 passes through the substantially midpoint of the glass bead 3503. In this way, the lead wire 3502 is sealed, for example, made of lead-free glass.

The glass bead 3503 has a two-layer structure, and includes an inner layer 3503a covering a pair of lead wires 3502 and an outer layer 3503b covering each inner layer. Thereby, it is easy to form a glass tube as a material of the glass bead, and when processing from the glass tube to the glass bead, it can be sufficiently heated and melted for one layer of the glass bead. By increasing the outer diameter of the bead, it can be sealed to a glass tube having a large tube diameter, and its sealing property can be improved. Specifically, the inner layer 3503a is formed so as to cover the pair of lead wires 3502, and the inner layer 3503a is formed so as to cover the inner layer 3503a together.

Note that the glass bead 3503 is not limited to a two-layer structure, and may have a multilayer structure such as a three-layer structure or a four-layer structure according to the inner diameter of a glass tube sealed using the electrode structure 3500. Further, from the viewpoint of sealing properties, the glass bead 3503 is preferably made of the same material as the sealing partner material (in the case of a discharge lamp, the glass tube 3201) or a similar material.

The manufacturing method of the electrode structure 3500 will be described in detail below. The manufacturing method of the electrode structure 3500 includes a connection step of connecting the electrode 3501 and the lead wire 3502, an insertion step of inserting the lead wire 3502 into the cavity of the multiple glass tube 3504 that is a material of the glass bead 3503, and a glass tube. And a heating step of heating and melting 3504. Hereafter, each process is demonstrated in detail using FIG.

As shown in FIG. 27A, in the connection step, both ends of the electrode 3501 are supported by two lead wires 3502, respectively. Specifically, one end of each of the pair of lead wires 3502 is bent, and both ends of the electrode 3501 are sandwiched and caulked to be carried.

Next, as shown in FIG. 27B, in the insertion step, the lead wire 3502 is inserted into the hollow portion of the cylindrical glass tube 3504 from the end opposite to the side where the electrode 3501 is connected. Since the glass tubes 3504 are multiple, first, two lead wires 3502 are respectively inserted into the hollow portions of the glass tubes 3504a having small diameters, and then the glass tubes 3504a having small diameters are joined to the glass tubes 3504b having large diameters. The two lead wires 3502 may be inserted into the hollow portions of the small-diameter glass tubes 3504a in a state where two small-diameter glass tubes 3504a are inserted into the hollow portions of the large-diameter glass tubes 3504b. May be.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 27B, a lead wire 3502 is inserted into a fixing hole 3505a provided on one end surface of the jig 3505 and fixed.

Note that the connection step may be performed after the insertion step. In this case, the distance between the two lead wires can be regulated by the jig, and variations in the shape and pitch of the filament coil as an electrode can be suppressed.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 27C, in the heating step, the glass tube 3504 is heated by, for example, a gas burner 3506 in a state where the lead wire 3502 is inserted and fixed in the fixing hole 3505a of the jig 3505. Thereby, the glass bead 3503 attached to the lead wire 3502 is formed by melting the glass tube 3504a having a small diameter and the glass tube 3504b having a large diameter together.

In addition, you may perform a connection process after a heating process. In this case, it is possible to prevent the electrode from being oxidized in the heating step.

As described above, the electrode structure 3500 according to the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention can be sealed to a glass tube having a large tube diameter, and its sealing property can be improved.

(20th embodiment)
FIG. 28 is a sectional view including the tube axis X ₃₆₀₀ of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the twentieth embodiment of the present invention. A low-pressure discharge lamp 3600 (hereinafter referred to as “lamp 3600”) according to the twentieth embodiment of the present invention is a hot cathode fluorescent lamp, and includes an electrode structure 3500 according to the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention. Is substantially the same as the low-pressure discharge lamp 3200 according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.

As described above, according to the configuration of the low-pressure discharge lamp 3600 according to the twentieth embodiment of the present invention, the sealing property can be improved when the diameter of the glass tube is increased.

(Modification)
As described above, the present invention has been described based on the specific examples shown in the above embodiments. However, the content of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples shown in the respective embodiments. Variations can be used.
1. Regarding the electrode structure (1) Modification 1 of the electrode structure
FIG. 29A shows a cross-sectional view including the longitudinal central axis X ₃₁₀₇ of Modification 1 of the electrode structure according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. In Modification 1 (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 3107”) of the electrode structure according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, the glass bead 3108 has an inner layer 3108a as an outer layer in the direction of the axis of the lead wire 3102. Except for the point shorter than 3108b, it has the structure substantially the same as the electrode structure 3100 which concerns on the 15th Embodiment of this invention. Specifically, in the linear axis direction of the lead wire 3102, the end on the electrode 3101 side in the inner layer 3108 a of the glass bead 3108 is on the side opposite to the electrode 3101 than the end on the electrode 3101 side of the outer layer 3108 b. It is getting shorter. In this case, the contact area between the glass tube and the glass bead 3108 can be increased without increasing the contact area between the lead wire 3102 and the glass bead 3108. When the electrode structure 3107 is sealed to the glass tube, the glass tube Can be easily sealed without greatly deforming.

Note that the glass bead 3503 is not limited to a two-layer structure, and may have a multilayer structure such as a three-layer structure or a four-layer structure in accordance with the inner diameter of a glass tube sealed using the electrode structure 3100. In this case, for example, the innermost layer can be made shorter than the outermost layer in the direction of the axis of the lead wire 3102. Furthermore, it is preferable that the length of the lead wire 3102 is shortened from the innermost layer toward the outermost layer. In this case, the glass tube can be further easily sealed.
(2) Modification 2 of electrode structure
FIG. _29B is a cross-sectional view including the central axis X ₃₁₀₉ in the longitudinal direction of Modification 2 of the electrode structure according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. In Modification 2 (hereinafter referred to as “electrode structure 3109”) of the electrode structure according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, the glass bead 3110 has an inner layer 3110a as an outer layer in the direction of the axis of the lead wire 3102. Except for the point longer than 3110b, it has the structure substantially the same as the electrode structure 3100 which concerns on the 15th Embodiment of this invention. Specifically, in the direction of the axis of the lead wire 3102, the end portion on the electrode 3101 side of the inner layer 3110 a of the glass bead 3110 is longer on the electrode 3101 side than the end portion of the outer layer 3110 b. In this case, when the electrode structure 3109 is sealed to the glass tube while increasing the contact area between the lead wire 3102 and the glass bead 3110 to further improve the sealing property, the molten glass tube contacts the electrode 3101. Can be prevented.

Note that the glass bead 3110 is not limited to a two-layer structure, and may have a multilayer structure such as a three-layer structure or a four-layer structure according to the inner diameter of a glass tube sealed using the electrode structure 3100. In this case, for example, the innermost layer can be made longer than the outermost layer in the direction of the axis of the lead wire 3102. Furthermore, it is preferable that the length of the lead wire 3102 is shortened from the innermost layer toward the outermost layer. In this case, heating from the glass tube to the glass bead 3110 can be facilitated.
2. About glass tube The thermal expansion coefficient of the glass bead 3103 and the glass tube glass tube 3201 is in the range of 3.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or more and 10.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or less. Can be used. In particular, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass tube 3201 is preferably in the range of 8.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] to 10.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ]. In this case, since the intensity | strength of glass becomes weak, the effect of this invention can be exhibited especially.

Up to this point, the fifteenth to twentieth embodiments have been described. With the lamp according to the present embodiment, the sixth embodiment (FIG. 8), the seventh embodiment (FIG. 9), and the eighth embodiment The lighting device may be configured similarly to the lighting device according to the embodiment (FIG. 10). Moreover, you may comprise an image display apparatus similarly to the image display apparatus which concerns on 9th Embodiment (FIG. 11) using the said illuminating device.
<Twenty-first to twenty-third embodiments>
The twenty-first to twenty-third embodiments have been made in view of the following background art and problems.
(Background technology)
37 (a) to 37 (c) show conceptual diagrams of the steps of a conventional low-pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method. A conventional low-pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method is a fluorescent lamp manufacturing method in which one electrode 4003A is sealed at one end 4001a of a glass tube 4001, and a predetermined inner portion of the other end 4001c of the glass tube 4001 is provided. A step of disposing the other electrode 4003B in the portion 4001b, a step of disposing a mercury emitter 4005 between the other end 4001c portion of the glass tube 4001 and the other electrode 4003B, and the inside of the glass tube 4001 as an inert gas. The step of replacing, the step of supplying a predetermined amount of mercury into the glass tube 4001 by high-frequency heating of the mercury emitter 4005, and the vaporized mercury condensing when or after the mercury emitter 4005 is heated. In order to prevent this, the step of heating the glass tube 4001 in which the mercury emitter 4005 is accommodated, and the other electrode 4003B are connected to the glass tube 400 Sealed in with to form a fluorescent lamp, and a step of removing the other end 4001c moiety (e.g., see Japanese Patent No. 3436283).

Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 37A, one electrode 4003A is sealed at one end 4001a of a glass tube 4001 having a phosphor layer 4002 on the inner surface, and the other electrode 4003B is attached to the glass tube 4001. The other end 4001c is inserted into the predetermined portion 4001b. Then, the other electrode 4003B is temporarily fixed to the glass tube 4001 by partially heating and deforming 4004b of the glass tube 4001 (temporary fixing step).

Next, as shown in FIG. 37 (b), a mercury emitter 4005 is inserted and arranged in the glass tube 4001. Then, the glass tube 4001 is set on the head of the exhaust device 4006 and the exhaust device 4006 is driven. Then, air, impure gas, etc. inside the glass tube 4001 are discharged through a communication portion between the inner surface of the glass tube 4001 and the electrode 4003B. Next, an inert gas, for example, neon-argon gas mainly composed of neon gas is filled into the glass tube 4001 from the exhaust device 4006 so as to have a pressure of 60 [Torr] to 70 [Torr] (exhaust / enclose process). Then, the other end of the glass tube 4001 is temporarily sealed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 37 (c), the high-frequency heating device 4007 and the heater device 4008 are set and driven at the portion where the mercury emitter 4005 is located. Then, the mercury emitter 4005 is heated to, for example, 800 [° C.] to 900 [° C.], the mercury alloy is decomposed, and mercury is instantaneously released in the state of vapor, and between the inner surface of the glass tube 4001 and the electrode 4003B. Is supplied to the space in the glass tube 4001 through the communication portion. At the same time, an impurity gas is also released from the metal member constituting the mercury emitter 4005, but is adsorbed by the getter material of the mercury emitter 4005 (mercury releasing step). At this time, since the glass tube 4001 in which the mercury emitter 4005 is accommodated is also heated by the heater device 4008, the mercury emitted from the mercury emitter 4005 corresponds to the glass between the

electrodes

4003A and 4003B. It is reliably supplied to the space in the pipe. In particular, if the glass tube portion between the

electrodes

4003A and 4003B is cooled, mercury condensation on the glass tube 4001 portion in which the mercury emitter 4005 is accommodated can be substantially eliminated.

Next, the deformed portion 4004 of the glass tube 4001 is heated again with a burner or the like, and the sealing portion 4033 of the electrode 4003B and the glass tube 4001 opposed thereto are sealed over the entire circumference. At the same time, the other end portion of the glass tube 4001 (the glass tube portion where the mercury emitter 5 is located) is removed (separated) to complete the manufacture of the fluorescent lamp.
(Issue to solve)
When the mercury emitter 4005 is heated in the process of heating the mercury emitter 4005, when mercury vapor is released from the mercury emitter 4005, the mercury emission is caused by the force with which the mercury vapor is released to the outside of the mercury emitter 4005. The body 4005 may bounce off. In the case of the conventional method of manufacturing a low-pressure discharge lamp, the splashed mercury emitter 4005 collides with a sealing end formed by temporary sealing of the glass tube 4001 and the sealing end of the glass tube 4001 is damaged. There was a case.

According to the study by the inventors, the sealing end formed by the temporary sealing of the glass tube 4001 is processed in a state in which the inside of the glass tube is exhausted and under a negative pressure with respect to the atmosphere. Turned out to be thin and easy to break.

Therefore, the manufacturing method of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to this embodiment aims to prevent the sealed end of the glass tube from being damaged when the mercury emitter is heated.

(21st Embodiment)
A manufacturing method of a low-pressure discharge lamp according to a twenty-first embodiment of the present invention is, for example, a manufacturing method of a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, and includes a low-pressure discharge lamp in which an electrode structure is provided on at least one end of a glass tube. A manufacturing method, the step of inserting the electrode structure into the glass tube from an opening at one end of the glass tube (electrode structure insertion step), and fixing the electrode structure to the inside of the glass tube A step of fixing (electrode structure fixing step), a step of inserting a mercury emitter into the glass tube from the opening at one end of the glass tube (mercury emitter inserting step), one end of the glass tube and the electrode A step of forming a convex portion projecting toward the inner surface side of the glass tube between the structure and the mercury emitter (a convex portion forming step); and one end side of the glass tube from the convex portion. Sealed tube That has a step (temporary sealing step), a step (mercury releasing material heating step) of heating the mercury releasing material.

Hereinafter, this will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 31 and 32.

<Electrode structure insertion process>
First, as shown in FIG. 31A, the electrode structure 4101 is inserted into the glass tube 4100 from the opening 4100 a at one end of the glass tube 4100.

The glass tube 4100 is, for example, a straight tube shape having an inner diameter of 3 [mm], an outer diameter of 4 [mm], a wall thickness of 0.5 [mm], and a length of 1026 [mm]. Made of free glass. A phosphor layer 4102 is formed on the inner surface (excluding both ends) of the glass tube 4100. Phosphor layer 4102, for example _{_{_{BaMg 2 Al 16 O 27; Eu}}} 2+ blue phosphor particles consisting of a Y ₂ O _3; Eu red phosphor particles consisting of ³⁺ and LaPO _4; Ce ^3+, from Tb ³⁺ Green phosphor particles and a binder composed of CBBP, CBB, or the like. Further, between the inner surface of the glass tube 4100 and the phosphor layer 4102, for example, yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ), silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), zinc oxide (ZnO). And a protective film (not shown) including any one or more of titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ) may be provided.

The electrode structure 4101 includes, for example, an electrode 4103, a lead wire 4104 connected to the electrode 4103, and a glass bead 4105 formed so as to cover at least a part of the lead wire 4104.

The electrode 4103 has, for example, a cylindrical shape with a bottom, an inner diameter of 2.4 [mm], an outer diameter of 2.7 [mm], a bottom thickness of 0.2 [mm], and a total length of 8.2 [mm]. mm] and made of nickel (Ni). The material of the electrode is not limited to nickel, and niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), and the like can be used. The electrode 4103 is connected to one end portion of the lead wire 4104 at a substantially central portion of the outer bottom surface thereof.

In the lead wire 4104, for example, the outer bottom surface and one end portion of the electrode 4103 are connected, and at least a part of the lead wire 4104 is covered with the glass bead 4105, and the other end portion and one end portion of the internal lead wire 4104a are connected. The external lead wire 4104b is connected.

The internal lead wire 4104a has a wire diameter of 0.8 [mm], for example, and is made of an alloy of iron and nickel. The internal lead wire 4104a is preferably made of a material that matches the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass used as the material of the glass tube 4100 or the glass bead 4105. For example, when the glass tube 4100 is borosilicate glass for sealing Kovar wire, it is preferable to use an alloy of iron, nickel, and cobalt (Kovar). In addition, when the glass tube 4100 is borosilicate glass for sealing tungsten wires, it is preferable to use tungsten.

The external lead wire 4104b has a wire diameter of, for example, 0.6 [mm] and is made of nickel. Note that the external lead wire 4104b is not limited to nickel, and an alloy of nickel and manganese, a jumet wire, or the like may be used.

The lead wire 4104 is not limited to the connection between the internal lead wire 4104a and the external lead wire 4104b, but may be a single wire.

The glass bead 4105 has, for example, a substantially spherical shape, and seals the internal lead wire 4104a along its substantially central axis, and is made of lead-free glass. Note that the glass bead 4105 is preferably made of the same material as the glass tube 4100 or a material having the same or similar thermal expansion coefficient as the glass tube 4100 from the viewpoint of sealing properties.

Note that another electrode structure 4106 is sealed to the other end of the glass tube 4100. Another electrode structure 4106 has substantially the same configuration as the electrode structure 4101, and includes an electrode 4107, a lead wire 4108 formed by connecting the internal lead wire 4108 a and the external lead wire 4108 b, and a glass bead 4109. Have

<Electrode structure fixing step>
Next, as shown in FIG. 31 (b), the electrode structure 4101 is fixed inside the glass tube 4100. Specifically, the outer surface of the glass tube 4100 where the glass bead 4105 is located is heated by the burner 4110, and a part of the outer surface of the glass bead 4105 is fixed to the inner surface of the glass tube 4100. Therefore, what is fixed to the inner surface of the glass tube is a part of the outer surface of the glass bead 4105, so that the air permeability of the glass tube 4100 in the tube axis direction is maintained. In this case, the heating temperature is about 800 [° C.] on the outer surface of the heated portion of the glass tube 4100.

<Mercury emitter insertion process>
Next, as shown in FIG. 31C, a mercury emitter 4111 is inserted into the glass tube 4100 from the opening 4100 a at one end of the glass tube 4100. The mercury emitter 4111 is obtained by, for example, reacting mercury with a sintered body of iron and titanium. The mercury emitter 4111 is not limited to this, and may be one in which a powdery amalgam of titanium and mercury is packed in a cylinder made of iron or nickel.

<Projection forming step>
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 32A, a convex portion 4112 protruding toward the inner surface side of the glass tube 4100 is formed between one end of the glass tube 4100 and the electrode structure 4101 and the mercury emitter 4111. The convex portion 4112 can be formed, for example, by heating the outer surface of the glass tube 4100 with a burner 4113 or the like. In addition, after heating the outer surface of the glass tube 4100 with the burner 4113 etc., you may press the inner side of a glass tube with a jig | tool (not shown) etc., and may form the convex part 4112. In this case, the shape of the convex portion 4112 can be easily adjusted.

Since the convex portion forming step is performed before the temporary sealing step described later, the inside of the glass tube 4100 is not under negative pressure with respect to the atmosphere, and is thicker than the sealing end portion described later. can do.

It should be noted that the minimum thickness of the convex portion 4112 is 0.5 [times] or more of the thickness of the glass tube 4100 substantially in the center in the tube axis direction, and the maximum thickness of the convex portion 4112 is the glass tube. It is preferable that it is 1.5 [times] or less of the wall thickness of 4100 in the substantially central portion in the tube axis direction. In this case, the strength of the convex portion 4112 can be easily maintained appropriately. Further, the minimum thickness of the convex portion 4112 is 0.7 [times] or more of the thickness of the glass tube 4100 substantially in the center of the tube axis direction, and the maximum thickness of the convex portion 4112 is glass. It is more preferable that it is 1.5 [times] or less of the wall thickness of the tube 4100 in the substantially central portion in the tube axis direction. In this case, the strength of the convex portion 4112 can be more easily maintained.

<Temporary sealing process>
Next, exhaust in the glass tube 4100 and filling of the rare gas into the glass tube 4100 are performed (exhaust and sealing step). Specifically, the head of the air supply / exhaust device is attached to one end of the glass tube 4100, and first, the inside of the glass tube 4100 is evacuated to a vacuum, and the entire glass tube 4100 is heated from the outside by a heating device (not shown). . The heating temperature in this case is about 400 [° C.] on the outer surface of the glass tube 4100. Thereby, the impure gas in the glass tube 4100 including the impure gas that has entered the phosphor layer 4102 is discharged. After the heating is stopped, a predetermined amount of rare gas is filled. The rare gas is, for example, a mixed gas of neon 95 [mol%] and argon 5 [mol%]. The exhaust in the glass tube 4100 and the rare gas sealing are performed through a ventilation space formed between the glass bead 4105 and the inner surface of the glass tube 4100.

When the rare gas is filled, the glass tube 4100 is heated and sealed on one end side of the glass tube 4100 with respect to the convex portion 4112 as shown in FIG. And the sealing end part 4100b of the glass tube 4100 is formed by this sealing. At this time, since the inside of the glass tube 4100 is under a negative pressure, the thickness of the sealing end 4100b is reduced. Specifically, the thickness of the sealing end 4100a of the glass tube 4100 tends to be less than 0.2 [times] the thickness of the glass tube 4100 in the substantially central portion in the tube axis direction. The heating is performed by, for example, a burner 4114.

Further, the rare gas is not limited to a mixed gas of neon and argon, and may include, for example, one or more of neon, argon, and krypton.

Further, the gas pressure in the glass tube after sealing under a negative pressure is preferably in the range of 5 [Torr] to 600 [Torr]. In this case, it is suitable for producing a low-pressure discharge lamp. Furthermore, the gas pressure in the glass tube after sealing is more preferably in the range of 20 [Torr] to 40 [Torr]. In this case, it is more preferable to produce a cold cathode discharge lamp among the low pressure discharge lamps.

<Mercury emitter heating process>
Next, as shown in FIG. 32C, the mercury emitter 4111 is heated. Specifically, the mercury emitter 4111 is induction-heated by the high frequency oscillation coil 4115 disposed around the glass tube 4100 to release mercury vapor from the mercury emitter 4111.

In this mercury emitter heating process, when the mercury emitter is heated, when mercury vapor is released from the mercury emitter 4111, the mercury emitter 4111 is released by the force with which the mercury vapor is released to the outside of the mercury emitter 4111. May bounce off. At this time, if the mercury emitter 4111 collides with the sealed end 4100b of the thin glass tube 4100, the sealed end 4100b of the glass tube 4100 is damaged.

On the other hand, when the convex portion 4112 is formed, the convex portion 4112 can prevent the mercury emitter 4111 from moving to the sealing end 4100b of the glass tube 4100, and the mercury emitter 4111 can be prevented from moving to the glass tube 4100. It is possible to prevent collision with the sealing end 4100b. And since the convex part 4112 is formed before the glass tube 4100 is sealed, the sealing end part 4100b of the glass tube 4100 formed by the inside of the glass tube 4100 being under a negative pressure with respect to the atmosphere. In contrast, the wall thickness is thicker. Therefore, even if the mercury emitter 4111 collides with the convex portion 4112, the convex portion 112 can be prevented from being damaged. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the sealed end 4100b of the glass tube 4100 from being damaged by the mercury emitter 4111 colliding with the sealed end 4100b of the thin glass tube 4100.

In the mercury emitter heating process, it is preferable to rotate the glass tube 4100 with its tube axis as the rotation axis. In this case, the heated mercury emitter 4111 can prevent the glass tube 4100 from being locally heated and broken.

The heating of the mercury emitter 4111 is not limited to the high frequency oscillation coil, and an infrared heater such as a near infrared heater may be used.

Furthermore, it is preferable to preheat the glass tube 4100 before heating the mercury emitter 4111 with a high-frequency oscillation coil or an infrared heater. In this case, when the mercury emitter 4111 is heated, the difference between the temperature of the mercury emitter 4111 and the temperature of the glass tube 4100 is reduced, thereby making it easy to prevent the glass tube 4100 from being damaged due to sudden thermal expansion. wear. Preheating is preferably performed so that, for example, the outer surface degree of the heated portion of the glass tube 4100 is in the range of 200 [° C.] to 500 [° C.]. In particular, in the case of the glass tube 4100 using glass having a thermal expansion coefficient in the range of 8 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ] to 10 × 10 ⁻⁷ [K ⁻¹ ], the glass tube 4100 is heated. More preferably, the outer surface temperature of the portion is in the range of 200 [° C.] to 400 [° C.] or less.

Also, after induction heating, it is preferable to heat the portion of the glass tube 4100 where the mercury emitter 4111 exists with a heating furnace (not shown) or the like. In this case, mercury vapor released from the mercury emitter 4111 can be easily moved toward the electrode structure 4101 in the glass tube 4100.

<Process after the mercury emitter heating process>
Next, as shown in FIG. 32 (d), the position corresponding to the glass bead 4105 of the electrode structure 4101 in the glass tube 4100 is heated, and the glass tube 4100 is sealed and hermetically sealed (second sealing). (Second sealing step). Heating is performed by, for example, a gas burner 4116 or the like. The heating temperature in this case is about 900 [° C.] on the outer surface of the heated portion of the glass tube 4100. Then, the cold cathode low-pressure discharge lamp is completed by separating the end portion of the glass tube 4100 closer to the mercury emitter 4111 than the second sealing portion.

In addition, after the low-pressure discharge lamp is completed, an aging process and lighting inspection are performed as necessary.

As described above, according to the low pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method according to the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention, when the mercury emitter 4111 is heated, the sealing end 4100b of the glass tube 4100 is prevented from being damaged. Can do.

(Twenty-second embodiment)
The manufacturing method of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the twenty-second embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention, except that the convex portion forming step is performed after the temporary sealing step and the accompanying differences. It has substantially the same configuration as the manufacturing method of such a low-pressure discharge lamp.

That is, the low-pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method according to the twenty-second embodiment of the present application is a low-pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method in which an electrode structure is provided on at least one end of a glass tube, and one end of the glass tube Inserting the electrode structure into the glass tube through the opening, fixing the electrode structure into the glass tube, and opening the glass tube from one end of the glass tube. A step of inserting a mercury emitter into the glass tube, a step of sealing the glass tube closer to one end of the glass tube than the electrode structure and the mercury emitter, one end of the glass tube, the electrode structure, and A step of forming a protrusion protruding toward the inner surface of the glass tube between the mercury emitter and a step of heating the mercury emitter;

Therefore, the convex portion forming step will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 33, and description of other points will be omitted.

<Temporary sealing process>
First, the electrode structure 4101 is temporarily fixed from one end of the glass tube 4100 to the center side in the tube axis direction of the glass tube, the electrode structure 4106 is sealed to the other end of the glass tube 4100, and the electrode A state in which the mercury emitter 4111 is inserted between the structure 4101 and one end of the glass tube (that is, the mercury from the electrode structure insertion step in the manufacturing method of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention) In the state after performing the emitter insertion step), the glass tube 4100 is exhausted and the glass tube 4100 is filled with a rare gas. Specifically, the head (not shown) of the air supply / exhaust device is attached to the end of the glass tube 4100 on the mercury emitter 4111 side, the inside of the glass tube 4100 is evacuated and evacuated, and the glass is heated by a heating device (not shown). The entire tube 4100 is heated from the outside. The heating temperature in this case is about 400 [° C.] on the outer surface of the glass tube 4100. Thereby, the impure gas in the glass tube 4100 including the impure gas that has entered the phosphor layer 4102 is discharged. After the heating is stopped, a predetermined amount of rare gas is filled. The rare gas is, for example, a mixed gas of neon 95 [mol%] and argon 5 [mol%]. The exhaust in the glass tube 4100 and the rare gas sealing are performed through a ventilation space formed between the glass bead 4105 and the inner surface of the glass tube 4100.

Then, as shown in FIG. 33A, after the rare gas is filled, the glass tube 4100 is heated and sealed on one end side of the glass tube 4100 with respect to the electrode structure 4101 and the mercury emitter 4111. And the sealing end part 4100b of the glass tube 4100 is formed by this sealing. Heating is performed, for example, by a burner 4114 or the like. In addition, the conditions, such as a noble gas enclosed in the glass tube 4100, can apply the conditions similar to the temporary sealing process in the manufacturing method of the low pressure discharge lamp which concerns on the 21st Embodiment of this invention.

<Projection forming step>
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 33 (b), a convex portion 4112 is formed between one end of the glass tube 4100 and the electrode structure 4101 and the mercury emitter 4111. The convex part 4112 can be formed by, for example, applying heated air to the outer surface of the glass tube. The heated air blows out air heated by a heating element (not shown) such as a heater from the duct 4117, for example. The temperature of the heated air blown out from the duct 4117 (the temperature at the inner tip of the duct 4117) is about 920 [° C.]. The temperature of the heated air is not limited to about 920 [° C.], but is preferably in the range of 800 [° C.] to 1050 [° C.]. The air volume at this time is preferably in the range of 8 [L / min] to 30 [L / min]. In this case, since a large amount of heat is moved from the heating element (not shown) by increasing the air volume, the temperature of the heating element is lowered and the temperature ejected from the duct is raised. Therefore, the heater efficiency can be increased and a stable thick convex portion can be formed at a small number of positions. In particular, the air volume is more preferably in the range of 15 [L / min] to 20 [L / min].

When performing a convex part formation process after a temporary sealing process, since the glass tube 4100 is sealed, the inside of a glass tube is under a negative pressure with respect to air | atmosphere. In this case, when the convex portion 4112 is formed with a burner, the flame is easily affected by the atmosphere, temperature control is difficult, and uneven heating is caused, so that it is difficult to stably form the local convex portion 4112. It becomes. On the contrary, if it is attempted to stabilize the heating of the burner, it is necessary to increase the heating power, and thus the glass tube 4100 is heated suddenly, and the thickness of the convex portion 4112 becomes thin like the sealing end portion 4100b. End up.

On the other hand, by applying heated air, when the convex portion 4112 is formed, the heated portion is less likely to be shaken, and a constant amount of heat can be stably maintained even without abrupt heating as in a gas burner. The thickness of the convex portion 4112 can be increased with respect to the sealing short portion 4100b of the glass tube 4100. Therefore, when mercury vapor is released from the mercury emitter 4111 in the mercury emitter heating step, the mercury emitter 4111 jumps out by the force with which the mercury vapor is released to the outside of the mercury emitter 4111, and the mercury emitter 4111. Even if it collides with the convex portion 4112, the glass tube 4100 can be prevented from being damaged at the convex portion 4112 because the convex portion 4112 is thick.

In FIG. 33 (b), air heated from one side is applied to the outer surface of the glass tube 4100. However, even if heated air is applied to a plurality of locations in the circulation direction of the glass tube 4100. Good. In this case, by forming the convex portions 4112 at a plurality of locations, it is possible to easily prevent the mercury emitter 4111 from slipping from the convex portions 4112 to one end side of the glass tube 4100.

Furthermore, it is preferable to apply air heated within the range of 2 to 4 locations in the circumferential direction of the glass tube 4100 to the outer surface of the glass tube 4100. In this case, the size of each convex portion 4112 formed at a plurality of locations can be reduced to prevent the occurrence of distortion near the convex portion 4112.

As described above, according to the method for manufacturing a low-pressure discharge lamp according to the twenty-second embodiment of the present invention, the glass tube is heated when the mercury emitter 4111 is heated even if the protrusion forming step is performed after the temporary sealing step. It is possible to prevent the sealing end portion 4100b and the convex portion 4112 of 4100 from being damaged.

(23rd embodiment)
In the method for manufacturing a low-pressure discharge lamp according to the twenty-third embodiment of the present invention, a step of forming a first convex portion between the electrode structure fixing step and the mercury emitter step (first convex portion forming step). And the method of manufacturing the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention or the twenty-second embodiment of the present invention, except that the convex-forming step is a step of forming the second convex portion. The manufacturing method of the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the above has substantially the same configuration.

That is, the low pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method according to the twenty-third embodiment of the present application is a low pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method in which an electrode structure is provided on at least one end of a glass tube. Inserting the electrode structure into the glass tube through the opening, fixing the electrode structure into the glass tube, and between one end of the glass tube and the electrode structure A step of forming a first protrusion protruding toward the inner surface of the glass tube, a step of inserting a mercury emitter into the glass tube from an opening at one end of the glass tube, and one end of the glass tube Forming a second protrusion projecting toward the inner surface of the glass tube between the first protrusion and the mercury emitter, and one end of the glass tube from the second protrusion On the side, the glass tube And a step of sealing and the step of heating the mercury releasing material. Or it is a manufacturing method of a low pressure discharge lamp in which an electrode structure is provided in at least one end of a glass tube, and the electrode structure is inserted into the inside of the glass tube from an opening at one end of the glass tube A step of fixing the electrode structure to the inside of the glass tube, and a first convex portion protruding toward the inner surface of the glass tube between one end of the glass tube and the electrode structure; The step of inserting a mercury emitter into the inside of the glass tube from the opening at one end of the glass tube, the one end side of the glass tube from the first convex portion and the electrode structure, A step of sealing the glass tube, and a step of forming a second convex portion protruding toward the inner surface of the glass tube between one end of the glass tube and the first convex portion and the mercury emitter. Heating the mercury emitter And a that process.

Therefore, the first protrusion forming step will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 34, and description of other points will be omitted.

<First convex portion forming step>
First, as shown in FIG. 34 (a), the electrode structure 4101 is temporarily fixed at one end of the glass tube 4100 from the one end of the glass tube to the center side in the tube axis direction of the glass tube. In a state in which the electrode structure 4106 is sealed (that is, a state after performing the steps from the electrode structure insertion step to the electrode structure fixing step in the low-pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method according to the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention). Between the one end of the glass tube 4100 and the electrode structure 4101, a first convex portion 4118 that protrudes to the inner surface side of the glass tube is formed. Specifically, the first convex portion 4118 is formed between the one end of the glass tube 4100 and the electrode structure 4101 by heating the outer surface of the glass tube 4100 with a burner 4119 or the like.

The first convex portion 4118 is not limited to the burner 4119, and may be formed by applying heated air or pressing a jig after heating the glass tube 4100 by applying a burner or heated air. it can.

<Mercury emitter insertion process>
Next, as shown in FIG. 34 (b), a mercury emitter 4111 is inserted into the glass tube 4100 from the opening 4100 a at one end of the glass tube 4100. At this time, the mercury emitter 4111 is caught by the first protrusion 4118, thereby preventing the mercury emitter 4111 from moving to the center side in the tube axis direction of the glass tube 4100 from the first protrusion 4118. It is possible to prevent the emitter 4111 from entering between the inner surface of the glass tube 4100 and the lead wire 4104 of the electrode structure 4101 and making it difficult to take out the mercury emitter 4111 finally.

As described above, according to the low-pressure discharge lamp manufacturing method of the twenty-third embodiment of the present invention, when the mercury emitter 4111 is heated, the sealing end 4100b of the glass tube 4100 is prevented from being damaged. When the mercury emitter 4111 is taken out from the glass tube 4100, it can be made easy to take out.

(Modification)
As described above, the present invention has been described based on the specific examples shown in the above embodiments. However, the content of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples shown in the respective embodiments. Variations can be used.

1. Mercury emitter The mercury emitter is not limited to the mercury emitter 4111. For example, the following can be used.

(1) Modification 1 of mercury emitter
A perspective view of Modification 1 of the mercury emitter (hereinafter referred to as “mercury emitter 4120”) is shown in FIG. The mercury emitter 4120 has a mercury emitting portion 4121 containing an intermetallic compound of titanium (Ti) and mercury (Hg), and the intermetallic compound is any one of TiHg, Ti _1.73 Hg, and Ti ₃ Hg. Preferably it contains more than one species. In this case, by applying the present invention, it is possible to easily prevent breakage of the sealed end portion of the glass tube.

Moreover, it is preferable that the mercury discharge part 4121 contains at least 1 or more types among iron and nickel. In this case, the heating efficiency of the mercury emitter 4120 can be improved.

Furthermore, the mercury releasing part 4121 may include a promoter (not shown) that improves mercury releasing efficiency. The promoter is, for example, a copper-based alloy, and examples thereof include an alloy of Cu and Sn, an alloy of Cu and Ag, an alloy of Cu and Si, and an alloy of Cu, Sn, and MM. Here, “MM” is a blend of metallic elements called mush metal, which mainly contains cerium, lanthanum and neodymium, and small amounts of other rare earth metals.

(2) Modification 2 of mercury emitter
A perspective view of Modification 2 of the mercury emitter (hereinafter referred to as “mercury emitter 4122”) is shown in FIG. The mercury emitter 4122 stores the mercury emitter 4121 inside a container 4123 having an opening 4123a at least in part. In this case, the regularity of the mercury emission part 4121 can be improved.

Furthermore, the container 4123 is preferably formed of at least one of iron and nickel. In this case, the heating efficiency of the mercury discharge part 4121 can be improved.

Moreover, it is preferable that the container 4123 is provided with a slit 4123b along the longitudinal direction thereof. In this case, since mercury can be released through the slit 4123b in the mercury releasing step, the mercury releasing efficiency can be improved.

(3) Modification 3 of mercury emitter
A perspective view of Modification 3 of the mercury emitter (hereinafter referred to as “mercury emitter 4124”) is shown in FIG. The mercury emitter 4124 includes a mercury emitter 4121 and a sintered body 4125 made of a sintered metal that covers the mercury emitter 4121. In this case, mercury can be released also from the sintered body portion 4125 in the mercury releasing step, so that the mercury releasing efficiency can be improved.

The sintered body portion 4124 is preferably formed of at least one of iron and nickel. In this case, the heating efficiency of the mercury discharge part 4121 can be improved.

2. Glass tube (1) The thermal expansion coefficient of the glass tube 4100 may be within the range of 3.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or more and 10.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or less. . In particular, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass tube 4100 is preferably in the range of 8.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] to 10.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ]. In this case, since the intensity | strength of glass becomes weak, the effect of this invention can be exhibited especially.

In addition, when the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass tube 4100 is within a range of 8.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or more and 10.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or less, both end portions of the glass tube After sealing, it is preferable to provide a strain removing step. The distortion removing step is not limited to the above-described method for manufacturing a low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 8.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or more and 10.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ]. The present invention can be applied to a low-pressure discharge lamp (particularly a cold cathode discharge lamp) using glass within the following range.

A method for producing a low-pressure discharge lamp having a glass tube having a thermal expansion coefficient of 8.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or more and 10.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [K ⁻¹ ] or less, the glass A step of sealing both ends of the tube (sealing step), and a step of heating both ends of the glass tube at a temperature at which the glass tube does not melt (strain removal step).

The sealing step can be performed by a known step or the method described above in the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 36 shows a conceptual diagram of the distortion removal process. As shown in FIG. 36, both ends of the glass tube 4100 sealed at both ends are heated at a temperature at which the glass tube 4100 does not melt.

The heating is performed by passing both ends of the glass tube 4100 between the heating furnaces 4126, respectively. The heating furnace 4126 is a heater having a substantially U-shaped cross section cut in the longitudinal direction of the glass tube 4100, and is arranged in a pair so that the substantially U-shaped openings 4126a face each other. By heating with a heating furnace, the atmospheric temperature at both ends of the glass tube 4100 is likely to rise stably and the distortion at both ends of the glass tube 4100 can be easily removed.

In addition, it is preferable that at least the tip of the electrode in the tube axial direction center side is within the range of the depth M of the opening 4126a of the heating furnace. In this case, it is possible to easily remove the strain remaining at both ends of the glass tube 4100.

In the distortion removal step, the end of the glass tube 4100 can be heated by passing the end of the glass tube 4100 through the substantially U-shaped opening 4126a of the heating furnace 4126 in the direction of the broken line arrow. The temperature of the end surface of the glass tube in the heating furnace is, for example, 480 [° C.] to 600 [° C.].

In this case, compared with the case where both ends of the glass tube 4100 are directly heated by a flame of a burner rather than a heating furnace, the ambient temperature near both ends of the glass tube 4100 is more likely to rise more stably. Since the periphery of the part can be heated firmly, the strain remaining at the end of the glass tube 4100 can be removed firmly.

The heating furnace 4126 is not limited to the heating furnace 4126 shown in FIG. 36, and may be, for example, a sheathed heater or a furnace equipped with a burner inside. Moreover, it is preferable that the circumference | surroundings of the heating furnace 4126 are covered with the heat insulating material for work safety.

Furthermore, it is more preferable that the glass tube 4100 is rotated in the direction of a one-dot chain line arrow with the tube axis as a rotation axis. In this case, heating can be performed more uniformly in the circumferential direction of the end portion of the glass tube 4100, and distortion can be easily removed.

In FIG. 36, the strain removal at both ends of the glass tube 4100 has been described. However, when there is a possibility that the strain remains only at one end of the glass tube, the strain removal process is performed only at one end of the glass tube. Also good.

3. Types of Lamps In the above embodiments, the method for manufacturing a low-pressure discharge lamp has been described focusing on a method for manufacturing a cold cathode fluorescent lamp in which electrode structures are provided at both ends of a glass tube. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The electrode structure only needs to be provided on at least one end of the glass tube. For example, the present invention can be applied to an internal / external electrode fluorescent lamp or an ultraviolet lamp in which a phosphor layer is not formed on the inner surface of a glass tube.

The present invention can be widely applied to electrode structures, electrode structure manufacturing methods, low-pressure discharge lamps, lighting devices, and image display devices.

100, 107, 400, 404

Electrode structure

101, 401, 405

Electrode

102, 402, 406

Sealing wire

103, 403 Glass member 105 Oxide film 106

Diffusion layer

200, 300, 500, 501 Low pressure discharge lamp 201

Glass bulb

600, 700, 800 Illumination device 900 Image display device

Claims

An electrode structure having an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed to cover at least a part of the sealing wire,
Of the surface of the sealing wire, an oxide film is not formed on the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the portion covered with the glass member, or an oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less. Formed,
An electrode structure, wherein a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member.
An electrode structure having an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed to cover at least a part of the sealing wire,
Of the surface of the sealing wire, an oxide film is not formed on the portion covered with the glass member, or an oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed,
An electrode structure, wherein a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member.
An electrode structure having an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed to cover at least a part of the sealing wire,
Of the surface of the sealing wire, an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction in the portion covered with the glass member is formed with an oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less,
The oxide film contains one or both of Fe 3 O 4 and FeO,
An electrode structure, wherein a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member.
An electrode structure having an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed to cover at least a part of the sealing wire,
Of the surface of the sealing wire, an oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less is formed on the portion covered with the glass member,
The oxide film contains one or both of Fe 3 O 4 and FeO,
An electrode structure, wherein a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member.
2. The electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the minimum thickness of the diffusion layer is 8 [μm] or more, and the maximum thickness of the diffusion layer is 30 [μm] or less.
The sealing wire includes iron in a range of 48 [wt%] to 54 [wt%] and nickel in a range of 46 [wt%] to 52 [wt%]. Item 2. The electrode structure according to Item 1.
The glass member has an oxide conversion of SiO 2 of 60 wt% to 75 wt%, Al 2 O 3 of 1 wt% to 5 wt%, and Li 2 O of 0 wt%. ] ~ 5 [wt%], K 2 O is 3 [wt%] ~ 11 [ wt%], Na 2 O is 3 [wt%] ~ 12 [ wt%], CaO is 0 [wt%] ~ 9 [ wt%], MgO has a composition of 0 [wt%] to 9 [wt%], SrO has a composition of 0 [wt%] to 12 [wt%], and BaO has a composition of 0 [wt%] to 12 [wt%]. The electrode structure according to claim 1.
An electrode structure having an electrode, a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode, and a glass member formed to cover at least a part of the sealing wire,
Of the surface of the sealing wire, the oxide film formed in the substantially middle part in the longitudinal direction in the portion covered with the glass member is all diffused, or the oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less The electrode structure is characterized in that a diffusion layer of the material of the sealing wire is formed on the sealing wire side of the glass member by diffusing so as to remain.
An electrode structure comprising: an electrode; a sealing wire having one end connected to the electrode; and a glass member formed to cover at least a part of the sealing wire,
Connecting the electrode and one end of the sealing wire;
Forming an oxide film on the surface of the sealing wire;
At least a part of the sealing wire is covered with the glass member, and all of the oxide film formed in a substantially middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the surface of the sealing wire covered with the glass member is diffused. Or a step of diffusing so as to leave an oxide film having a maximum thickness of 0.1 [μm] or less.
A low-pressure discharge lamp comprising a glass bulb and the electrode structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 provided at at least one end of the glass bulb.
A lighting device comprising the low-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 10.
An image display device comprising the illumination device according to claim 11.