WO2010111756A9

WO2010111756A9 - Wooden member for a frame of a window, door or the like, corner joint or t-joint formed by such wooden members and method for forming a corner joint or t-joint by means of such members

Info

Publication number: WO2010111756A9
Application number: PCT/BE2010/000029
Authority: WO
Inventors: Joris Mertens
Original assignee: Joris Mertens
Priority date: 2009-03-31
Filing date: 2010-03-31
Publication date: 2011-02-10
Also published as: BE1018517A3; WO2010111756A1

Abstract

Wooden profile (1, 28, 29, 47) for the frame (34) or the leaf (41) of a window, door or the like, which is composed of two flanges (2,3) which are connected by means of a truss (4), which is composed of two parallel truss laths (5,6) situated at a distance from one another which connect the flanges (2, 3) so as to form a box profile, which truss laths (5, 6) are mutually connected over their length by at least one crosswise connecting lath (7), and whereby the spaces, formed between each flange (2, 3) and between the truss laths (5, 6) and the connecting lath (7) or connecting laths (7), are either or not filled.

Description

Wooden member for a frame of a window, door or the like, corner joint or T-joint formed by such wooden members and method for forming a corner joint or T-joint by means of such members.

The present invention concerns a wooden profile for the frame of a window, door or the like.

Wooden profiles for this purpose are already known in the shape of massive wooden profiles.

A first disadvantage of these massive wooden profiles, however, is that they are very heavy. In relation to their weight, these massive wooden profiles are moreover relatively weak, and they have a relatively restricted strength and/or stiffness, especially when comparing the strength and/or the stiffness in relation to their weight to the strength and/or the stiffness in relation to the weight of similar profiles which are made for example of a metal, such as for example aluminium.

Another disadvantage of the known wooden profiles is that they are very expensive, since the wood prices keep rising.

Yet another disadvantage of the known profiles is that they are not fit to be applied in passive houses where a very high insulating value is required, and that the profiles made of aluminium or the like with a high insulating value are very expensive and complex, since insulation must be provided in many different places to prevent any thermal bridges being created.

Also, the present invention aims to remedy the above- mentioned and other disadvantages.

To this end, the invention concerns a wooden profile for the frame of a window, a door or the like, which is composed of two flanges which are connected by means of a truss, which truss is composed of two parallel truss laths situated at a distance from one another which connect the flanges so as to form a tubular profile, which truss laths are mutually connected over their lengths by at least one traverse connecting lath and whereby the spaces formed between each flange and between the truss laths and the connecting lath or connecting laths are either or not filled.

A first advantage of such a wooden profile in accordance^• with the invention is that the profile, due to its structure, has a predominantly hollow wooden shape, in particular the shape of a tubular profile, such that less wood must be used than in the case of the known massive profiles.

A first advantageous consequence of this hollow wooden shape is that such a profile according to the invention is much cheaper to produce than the known massive profiles, since less wood is required. The required amount of wood may hereby be up to 60% smaller than the amount of wood that is required to manufacture a massive wooden profile. Another advantageous consequence of the hollow wooden shape is that the weight of such a wooden profile according to the invention is much smaller than the weight of the known massive profiles. Moreover, the strength and/or stiffness, for example the bending stiffness or the torsional stiffness, of such a wooden profile according to the invention in relation to its weight is much larger compared to the strength and/or stiffness of the known massive wooden profiles, and the strength and/or stiffness is comparable to for example, or even better than the strength and/or stiffness of a similar profile made of metal.

In short, such a wooden profile according to the invention can deal with much larger loads for a smaller weight than the known massive wooden profiles, which is not unimportant since the glazing which is applied nowadays has a heavy weight, as it is often double or triple glazing. The truss formed of two truss laths which are connected as such by a connecting lath hereby contributes greatly to obtaining the larger strength and stiffness in relation to the weight. In order to further improve the strength and/or stiffness of a wooden profile in accordance with the invention, the flanges are preferably made of laminated wood. According to a preferred embodiment of a wooden profile in accordance with the invention, the profile has a heat transfer coefficient (U value) situated between 0.6 W/(m².K) and 0.8 W/(m².K). This heat transfer coefficient, as is known, is a characteristic of a material layer indicating to what extent heat can flow through the material layer.

Thus, a low heat transfer coefficient indicates a good heat insulation.

The size of this coefficient is inversely proportional to the thickness of the layer and proportional to the coefficient of thermal conductivity coefficient in W/m.K of the material out of which the layer is made.

With the known profiles for windows and doors, the heat transfer coefficient usually amounts to some 2.4 W/(m².K) and more for the wooden and plastic profiles, and to some 3.4 w/(m².K) and more for the metal profiles.

The required low value of the heat transfer coefficient with the wooden profiles according to the invention can be obtained by making use of the hollow wooden shape of the profile in an appropriate manner. Preferably, one or several of the hollow spaces between the flanges and between the truss laths and the connecting lath or connecting laths of the profile are provided with an insulation to this end.

It can also be made sure according to the invention that the above-mentioned insulation in one of the spaces extends up to a distance from the flange concerned so as to form an air chamber between the insulation and the flanges, which air chamber extends over the length of the profile.

An advantage of this embodiment, whereby an air chamber is created between the insulation material and the flanges, is that the heat transfer coefficient can be drastically lowered further.

The reason therefore is that a stagnant layer of air has a very low coefficient of thermal conductivity of some 0.024 w/mK, which is many times less than for example the coefficient of thermal conductivity of aluminium, which is 237 W/K.m.

Also, appropriate measures are preferably taken in this case to make sure that there is no flow indeed in the layer of air.

A first measure may consist in sufficiently restricting the width of the air chamber. Another or additional possible measure may consist in interrupting and/or sealant the air chambers in the profiles in one way or other. The invention also concerns an angle joint or T-joint in between profiles in accordance with the invention, whereby these profiles are connected by means of a coupling element extending in one of the above-mentioned spaces formed between a flange and between the truss laths and the connecting lath or connecting laths of the truss.

According to the invention, such a coupling element is preferably made of plastic such as for example PVC or the like.

A major advantage thereby is that such an angle joint or T- joint can be mounted in a very simple manner without many auxiliary means, since all one needs is the appropriate coupling element, glue and possibly a cutter or drill or the like.

The invention also concerns a method to form an angle joint between two profiles according to the invention which consists in mitring the profiles on at least one far end and connecting them by means of one or several L-shaped coupling elements.

Further, the invention also concerns a method to form a T- connection between two profiles in accordance with the invention, which consists in providing one truss lath of one of the profiles with two slots at the T-connection, extending into the above-mentioned spaces concerned in said profile between the flange and the truss laths and the connecting lath or connecting laths; by providing coupling elements with one of their far ends in the above-mentioned slots, traversely to the profile, and by gluing them on, and by providing the other far ends of the above-mentioned coupling elements in a corresponding aforesaid space of the other profile. Again, a major advantage of the above-mentioned methods is that practically no tools or auxiliary means are required, or none at all, and that only a limited number of operations are required to form an angle joint or T-joint, contrary to what we are used to with the known wooden profiles for windows and doors.

In order to better explain the characteristics of the invention, the following preferred embodiments of a wooden profile according to the invention, as well as angle joints and T-joints between such profiles, and methods in accordance with the invention to form such an angle joint or T-joint, are described by way of example only and without being limitative in any way, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 is a section of a simple embodiment of a wooden profile in accordance with the invention;

figures 2 to 6 are also sections of alternative embodiments of a wooden profile according to the invention; figure 7 illustrates methods to a obtain a mitre joint and a T-joint with the above-mentioned profiles in accordance with the invention, seen in perspective; figures 8 to 11 represent different types of windows, seen as a section, in which profiles according to the invention as well as mitre joints and T-joints are applied between these profiles in accordance with the invention;

figure 12 illustrates an alternative method according to the invention for connecting profiles according to the invention, seen as a section;

figure 13 shows an example of an L-shaped coupling element according to the invention which is preferably applied in the latter method, seen in perspective; and,

figure 14, analogously to figure 13, shows an application whereby additional ornamental profiles are provided, seen as a section. Figure 1 shows a section of a wooden profile 1 according to the invention, designed for making a frame for a window, door or the like.

The profile 1 is hereby composed of two flanges 2 and 3 which are connected to one another over their lengths by means of a truss 4.

In the given example, the truss 4 itself is built of two parallel truss laths 5 and 6 situated at a distance D from one another, which are provided between the flanges 2 and 3 to connect these flanges 2 and 3 so as to form a tubular profile.

Further, the truss 4 is in this case also provided with a single traverse connecting lath 7 extending in the longitudinal direction of the truss laths 5 and 6 and connecting these truss laths 5 and 6 to one another.

It is clear that such a compound wooden profile 1 according to the invention has a predominantly hollow wooden structure.

Thus are obtained a number of advantages as explained in the introduction.

First of all, up to 60% less wood is required than for a similar massive profile, as a result of which the production of such a profile 1 is considerably cheaper. Further, such a profile 1 according to the invention weighs considerably less, and the profile 1 has much more strength and/or stiffness in relation to its weight.

Indeed, the truss 4 makes sure that much sturdiness is obtained and that the profile 1 can be subjected to heavy loads in relation to its weight.

Moreover, the amount of wood is efficiently used, since it is known that the torsional stiffness and bending stiffness of a profile for absorbing bending moments and torsional moments is especially owed to the parts of the profile that are situated furthest from the central axis thereof.

In order to obtain a well insulated profile 1, according to the invention, it can be made sure that the space between the flanges 2 and between the truss laths 5 and 6 and the connecting lath 7 is provided with an insulation material

According to one of the embodiments of the invention, said insulation 8 extends up to a distance E from the flanges 2 and 3 so as to form an air chamber 9 on each flange 2 and 3 between the insulation 8 and the flanges 2 and 3. Both thus formed air chambers 9 are parallel to the connecting lath 7 and hereby extend at least partially over the length of the profile 1.

The width E of an air chamber 9 is preferably kept sufficiently small to make sure that the air in the air chambers 9 will not tend to circulate.

The reason therefore is that a stagnant layer of air is an excellent thermal insulator.

An advantage of such a compound profile 1 is that the insulation 8 as such already has an insulating effect, whereas this insulation 8 also contributes to the creation of a stagnant layer of air, whereby this stagnant layer of air in the air chambers 9 itself contributes even more to the thermal insulating capacity of the profile 1. In this way a profile 1 for a door or window can be obtained with a heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of only 0.6 to 0.8 W/(m².K), which, as already mentioned in the introduction, corresponds to an extremely good thermal insulation for such profile 1.

According to a preferred embodiment of a wooden profile 1 in accordance with the invention, the truss laths 5 and 6 are provided with a groove 12 on the sides 10 and 11 directed towards one another at the above-mentioned air chambers 9, such that the air chambers 9 continue so to say into the truss laths 5 and 6. Another preferred characteristic of a profile 1 according to the invention consists in making the flanges 2 and 3 out of laminated wood.

In the example of figure 1, said flanges 2 and 3 are built of two layers 13 and 14 glued onto one another, but naturally it is not excluded to work with laminated wood which is built of several layers glued onto one another.

An advantage of the use of laminated wood is that the fibre directions in the different wood layers 13 and 14 differ, as a result of which a profile 1 cannot warp so easily.

In order to simplify the assembly of a profile 1 according to the invention out of its components and to be able to efficiently apply such a profile 1 in windows and doors, the flanges 2 and 3 and/or the truss laths 5 and 6 are preferably provided with a number of moulded patterns which may differ depending on the application.

In order to mount a profile 1, it may be advantageous, for example, as in figure 1, to provide a flange 2 with a rib 16 on its side turned towards the other flange 3, with which the flange 2 is being held between the truss laths 5 and 6. To this end, the rib 16 preferably has a width D in accordance with the distance D between the truss laths 5 and 6.

Another measure which can simplify the assembly of the truss 4 out of its constituent parts, which measure is also applied in the example of figure 1, consists in providing the truss laths 5 and 6 with a groove 17 on the sides 11 and 12 directed towards one another and at the connecting lath I₁ which groove 17 extends in the longitudinal direction of the truss laths 5 and 6 and has a width F in accordance with the thickness F of the connecting lath 7.

The depth G of the grooves 17 and the width H of the connecting lath 7 of the truss 4 are hereby preferably adjusted such that the truss laths 5 and 6 are maintained at a distance D from one another, after the connecting lath 7 has been provided over its entire length in the truss laths 5 and 6, on either side, up against the bottom of the grooves 17. Further, in the embodiments shown in figures 1 to 4, the flange 3 extends with a major part 18 of its width over the outer edge of the truss lath 6. On the side 15 which is directed towards the flange 2, the flange 3 is hereby also provided with a rib 16 having a width D, corresponding to the distance D between the truss laths 5 and 6. Moreover, a groove 19 is provided on the same side 15 which confines said rib 16, in particular on the side of the rib 16 at the part 18 of the flange 3 extending widthwise.

Said groove 19 has a width I in accordance with the thickness I of the truss lath 6.

It is clear that, thanks to said moulding of the flanges 2 and 3, combined with the truss laths 5 and 6, a profile 1 can be very easily assembled, namely by applying the connecting lath 7 in the grooves 17 so as to form the truss 4, and by mounting the ribs 16 between the truss laths 5 and 6 so as to form the profile 1.

A permanent connection can then be obtained by simply providing glue in the grooves 17 and 19 and next to the ribs 16.

In the case of figures 1 to 4, additional moulded patterns have been provided, which are adapted to the use of such a profile 1 in a window or door. The aforesaid protruding part 18 of the flange 3 may serve as a stop for the leaf of a window or door, for example when used in a window frame. To this end, the part 18 is provided with a slot 20 on the side 15 which is directed to the truss lath 6, to apply a sealant, whereby the slot 20 in this case has a stepped profile . Naturally, it is possible to provide several such slots 20, and it is not excluded to shape a slot 20 differently.

On its side 21, which forms an outer side of the profile 1, the truss lath 6 is provided with two slots 22 that can be used to apply an abutment profile for the sealants of the leaf of a window or door.

Further, on the same side 21 alongside one of the longitudinal side edges 23, the truss lath is provided with a rebate 24 which continues up against the adjacent flange 2 concerned so as to form a groove 24, which may either serve as a metalwork groove to guide a metalwork lath, or which can be filled with a fill lath to support and guide a glazing bead.

On the side 25 of the flange 3 forming an entire outer side of the profile 1 are further provided longitudinal grooves 26 which may be used for example to apply additional profiles, such as for example one or other ornamental profile designed to provide the profile 1 with the desired look. It is clear that these additional moulded patterns promote the ease of use with which windows and doors can be made on the basis of a profile 1 according to the invention.

The protruding part 18 which can serve as an abutment- forming part for the leaf of a window or door, can be provided with a bevelled edge 27 for aesthetical reasons. The embodiments of the profiles 1 in accordance with the invention, represented in figures 1 to 4, all have the same outer shape, which shape is more or less L-shaped in the cross section. The difference between the different embodiments resides in the truss 4, however, and in particular in the way in which the truss laths 5 and 6 are connected to one another.

In the embodiment of figure 2, said truss laths 4 are connected by two connecting laths 7 instead of only one single connecting lath 7, as was the case in figure 2.

These connecting laths 7 are placed at a certain distance from one another and parallel to one another, more or less centrally over the width of the truss laths 5 and 6.

Such an embodiment may be interesting for example when heavy loads must be absorbed and a single connecting lath 7 would not be sufficient or would have to be dimensioned too largely in order to keep it useful as far as weight and cost are concerned. Such a typical case might be for example an application whereby the truss lath 6 supports a window pane or an application in which the moment of torsion exerted on the profile 1 is relatively large.

Indeed, it is known that two connecting laths 7 placed at a distance from one another provide more torsional stiffness to the profile 1 than a single connecting lath 7 made of equally much material as the two connecting laths together.

In a similar manner, two connecting laths 7 were applied in the embodiment of figure 3 as well, but this time not arranged traversely to the truss laths 5 and 6, as in the previous embodiments, but placed slantingly on the truss laths 5 and 6.

This slanting arrangement is more or less symmetrical, in such a way that the connecting laths 7 stand somewhat apart on the one truss lath 5 and slant towards one another in the direction of the opposite truss lath 6, which truss lath 6 in this case forms the side of the profile 1, which, when applied in a frame, will be directed to a window pane or the leaf of a window or door.

The embodiment of a profile 1 according to the invention as represented in figure 4 may be regarded as a combination of the embodiments of figures 2 and 3, whereby in particular one of the connecting laths 7 is placed slantingly in relation to the truss laths 5 and 6, and the other connecting lath 4 stands traversely on both truss laths 5 and 6.

Naturally, many other embodiments are possible with trusses 4 which are adapted to the specific application, whereby for example even more connecting laths 7 are applied or the connecting laths 7 are put in another position, for example more or less centrally on the truss laths 5 and 6, or more or less slantingly in relation to these truss laths 5 and 6.

The embodiment of a profile 28 in accordance with the invention, as represented in figure 5, is analogous to the preceding embodiments as far as construction is concerned, since the profile 1 is once more built of flanges 2 and 3 which are connected by means of a truss 4.

The outer shape of this embodiment is different, however. In particular, the profile 28 seen as a cross section is predominantly T-shaped, whereby the width J of one flange 2 is equal to the width J of the truss 4, and the other flange 3 has a width K which protrudes on either side of the truss 4 so as to form two protruding parts 18.

The T-shaped profile 28 is hereby made symmetrical in relation to the plane of symmetry M which is situated in the middle between the truss laths 5 and 6, through the centre of the connecting lath 7. The part of the T-shaped profile 28, situated to the right of said plane of symmetry M, is hereby identical to the part of a profile 1 according to figure 1 which is situated to the right of the corresponding plane M¹ in this figure 1 through the centre of the connecting lath 7.

In a profile 28 according to figure 5, the truss laths 5 and 6 are hereby identical, although they are placed symmetrically.

Both truss laths 5 and 6 are also provided with a groove 17 for the connecting lath 7, slots 22 for abutment laths, and rebates 24, and the flange 3 is provided with two grooves 19 for the truss laths 5 and 6 and two slots 20 for sealants, as well as two bevelled edges 27 which are each placed symmetrically in pairs in relation to the centre plane through the flange 3.

It is clear that such a T-shaped profile 28, in accordance with figure 5, is exceedingly appropriate to be applied in frames of windows and doors, whereby on either side of the T-shaped profile 28 is placed a window pane or a leaf of the window or the door. Figure 6 represents yet another embodiment of a profile 29 according to the invention, which in this case is predominantly Z-shaped, when seen as a cross section.

Both flanges 2 and 3 hereby only protrude on one side in the width in relation to the truss 4. Such a Z-shaped profile 29 according to the invention is designed to be used in the frame of the leaf of a door or window. The side 15 of the protruding part 18 on the flange 3, which is directed towards the other flange 2, is provided with a bevelled edge 27 and is designed as an abutment- forming side for the window pane of the leaf of a window or door.

The other side 25 of this flange 3, which forms an entire outer side of the profile 29, is designed to serve as the supporting side of a leaf, whereby this side rests on an abutment-forming part of a fixed frame or the like.

In the same manner, the side 15 on the protruding part 18 of the flange 2 is designed to serve as a supporting side.

To this end, a slot 20 is moreover provided on this side 15 of the flange 2 corresponding to the slots 20 of the embodiments from figures 1 to 5, in which a sealant can be provided for example.

The truss lath 5 is also provided with slots 30 for the introduction of sealants, whereas the opposite truss lath 6 on the external side of the profile 29 is flat.

The above-described profiles 1, 28 and 29 according to the invention are very practical to use, as will be illustrated hereafter by means of figures 7 to 11. Figure 7 for example, shows two profiles 1 in perspective having an L-shaped section in accordance with the embodiment of figure 1, as well as a profile 28 with a T- shaped section in accordance with the embodiment of figure 5.

The aim hereby is to illustrate how the profiles 1 can be connected to an angle joint in accordance with the invention at their free, longitudinal far ends 31.

The method which is preferably followed according to the invention to form such an angle joint between the two profiles 1, consists in mitring each of the profiles 1 on at least one far end 31 and in connecting them by means of L-shaped coupling elements 32, which are only partly represented in figure 7.

In particular, in the given example, the above-mentioned L- shaped coupling elements 32 are introduced with one leg in an air chamber 9 of the one profile 1 and with their other leg 33 in an air chamber 9 of the other profile 1.

Preferably, a glue is hereby first provided in the air chambers 9 so as to obtain a permanent connection.

Naturally, in order to obtain a solid angle joint, the connection elements 32 must fit tightly in the air chambers 9. An additional advantage thereof is that the air chambers 9 are sealed in the profiles 1 at the far ends 31 by the coupling elements 32, which helps to prevent any air circulation in the air chambers 9 of the profiles 1 and thus contributes to what extent such a profile 1 is thermally insulated, since a layer of air is a good thermal insulator, at least as long as the layer of air is stagnant and, consequently, there is not any transport of heat through the air flow.

As grooves 12 are provided in the truss laths 5 and 6 of the profiles 1, the air chambers 9 continue into the truss laths 5 and 6, which has for a result that coupling elements 32 also partly mesh in the truss laths 5 and 6, which promotes the solidity of the angle joint. Indeed, without the presence of said grooves 12 in the truss laths 5 and 6, the coupling elements 32 would only be supported laterally by the insulation material 8 and the side 15 of the flanges 2 and 3. The resistance offered by the insulation material 8 would be insufficient and there might by a risk for the angle joint to break down, for example if a lateral force were to be exerted on the profiles 1. In the given embodiments, this problem is solved, however, by laterally enclosing the coupling elements 32 between the side walls of the grooves 12 in the truss laths 5 and 6.

It is clear that it is very simple to obtain such an angle joint between profiles 1 in accordance with the invention, and that only a limited number of operations are required, such as mitring the far ends 31 of the profiles, as opposed to what is the case with the known profiles.

Figure 7 also illustrates how a T-joint in accordance with the invention can be realised between a profile 1 with an L-shaped section in accordance with the embodiment of figure 1 and a profile 28 with a T-shaped section in accordance with the embodiment of figure 5. To this end, according to the invention, a method can be applied which consists in providing one of the truss laths 5 and 6 of the profile 1 with two slots at the T-joint which extend in the air chambers 9 concerned in that profile 1; in providing and gluing coupling elements 33 in the above-mentioned slots, traversely to the profile 1, which coupling elements 33 are not L-shaped this time but have a straight shape, and in providing the other profile 28 at its far end 31 to be connected with its air chambers 9 over the above-mentioned coupling elements 33 and in also gluing it there.

To this end, according to the invention, a method can be applied which consists in providing one truss lath of the profile 1 with two slots at the T-joint which extend in the above-mentioned air chambers concerned in said profile 1; in providing and gluing coupling elements 33 in the above- mentioned slots, traversely to the profile 1, with one far end, and in providing the other far end of the above- mentioned coupling elements 33 in corresponding air chambers 9 of the other profile 28. Since the profile 1 has an L-shaped cross section with a protruding part 18, a fitting T-joint can only be obtained between the profile 1 and the profile 28 by partly cutting away the flange 3 at the far end 31 to be connected of the profile 28, in particular over a length N in accordance with the dimensions N of the protruding part 18 of the L- shaped profile 1.

Indeed, by cutting out the above-mentioned part, the far end 31 is made complementary to the L-shape of the profile 1, such that a close fit between both profiles 1 and 28 is made possible.

After the assembly of the different profiles 1 and 28, by means of the coupling elements 32 and 33 and the gluing of the obtained angle joints and T-joints, the profiles 1 and 28 are further preferably connected by means of a nail or screw or the like which is provided crosswise through the profiles 1 and 28 and the coupling elements 32 and 33.

An advantage of this method is that one must not wait until the glue has set, but that the profiles 1 and 28 are immediately locked in relation to one another in a mechanical manner by screwing them down, such that the connection between the profiles 1 and 28 can no longer be interrupted during a simple manipulation of the obtained assembly piece.

In an analogous way angle joints and T-joints can also be obtained between any possible combinations of the different above-described embodiments of profiles 1, 28 and/or 29 in accordance with the invention, as well as combinations with yet other possible embodiments of such profiles.

Figures 8 to 11 show a number of examples whereby the profiles 1, 28 and 29 according to the invention have been applied in the frame of a window or door.

Figure 8, for example, shows a section of a fixed window casing with a fixed frame 34 for a fixed window frame 35.

The fixed frame 34 is built of four L-shaped profiles 1 in accordance with figure 1, as explained above by mitring their far ends 31 and by connecting the profiles 1 by means of L-shaped coupling elements 32 which are provided in the air chambers 9 and by gluing the whole.

The protruding parts 18 of the profiles 1 hereby form an inwardly directed edge 36 at the opening 37 in the frame 34 in which the window frame 35 must be placed, and said edge 36 can be used as a support for the window frame 35, either directly or indirectly by means of putty or sealant 38.

After the window frame 35 has been placed against the edge 36, the window frame can further be fixed by filling the rebates 24 in the truss laths 6 with fill laths 39 and, possibly again after providing a sealant 38, by providing glazing beads 40 against the window frame 35 and by fixing them on the frame 34, for example by simply nailing the glazing beads on the frame 34. Naturally, the fixed frame 34 is designed to be fit in an opening in a wall or partition.

Figure 9 shows an application which is somewhat more complicated, whereby a fixed frame 34 is obtained with profiles 1 in the same manner as described above by means of figure 8, and a leaf 41 is provided in this fixed frame 34 which is connected to the fixed frame 34 by means of a hinge 42.

The leaf 41 is such that two fixed window frames 35 can be placed in it next to one another.

The contour of the leaf 41 is composed of profiles 29 having a Z-shaped section in accordance with the embodiment of figure 6, whereby the profiles 29 are connected to one another at their far ends 31 by means of L-shaped coupling elements 32 by forming angle joints as described above. Further, said contour frame is formed of the profiles 29 in the middle, divided by a centre post consisting of a profile 28 with a T-shaped section in accordance with the embodiment of figure 5. This centre post 28 is connected to the contour frame by forming T-joints in accordance with the invention between the far ends 31 of the centre post 28 and the middle of the upper profile 29 and the lower profile 29 of the contour frame by means of straight connection elements 33 in the manner as explained above. The window frames 35 are placed in both parts of the leaf that are situated next to one another, in an analogous way as in figure 8, namely by making the window frames 35 rest on the edges 36 formed by the protruding parts 18 of the profiles 28 and 29, and by fixing them afterwards by means of the fill laths 39 and glazing beads 40.

In order to obtain a good sealant of the leaf 41 in the fixed frame 34, a number of sealants are further provided.

At the abutment-forming parts of the fixed frame 34, on which the leaf 41 rests in the closed position, sealants 43 have been provided, in particular sealants 43 in the grooves 20 which are provided in the profiles 1 of the fixed frame 34, as well as sealants 43 in the grooves 20 which are provided in the profiles 29 of the leaf 41.

An additional sealant was obtained by providing abutment profiles 44 in the grooves 22 of the profiles 1 of the fixed frame 34, which work in conjunction with sealants 45 provided in the slots 30 of the profiles 29 of the leaf 41.

Figure 10 represents yet another application, whereby the fixed frame 34 now consists of a contour frame composed of profiles 1 having an L-shaped cross section, whereby this contour frame is divided in two parts by means of a standing, massive wooden centre post 46 with a T-shaped cross section. In each part of the fixed frame 34 is provided a leaf 41 which is each time hinge-mounted to the lateral profiles 1 of the fixed frame 34 by means of hinges 42. The structure is further analogous to the preceding embodiments, whereby sealants 38, 43 and 45 are provided in the appropriate places provided to that end.

In the application shown in figure 11, a fixed frame 34 is once more used, as in figure 10, with a contour frame built of profiles 1 having L-shaped cross sections, whereby the contour frame is now divided in two parts by means of a profile 28 in accordance with figure 6 with a T-shaped cross section.

In the two parts of the fixed frame 34 is each time provided a leaf 41, which leaves are each hinge-mounted by means of hinges 42 round the centre post of the fixed frame 34 formed of the profile 28.

The further construction of this double-leaf window is further completely analogous to that of figure 10.

All the above examples make it clear that, with only a few profiles 1, 28 and 29 according to the invention, a large assortment of different products can be made in the most simple manner and without too many auxiliary means.

Figure 12 shows profiles 47 in accordance with the invention which are the most preferred. The spaces between the flanges 2 and 3 and between the truss laths 5 and 6 and the connecting lath 7 in the profiles 47 are hereby entirely filled with a thermal insulation 8, and no air chamber 9 is created.

As opposed to what was the case with the embodiments of figures 1 to 6, no grooves 12 are provided in the truss laths 5 and 6 either which make said air chamber 9 continue in the truss laths 5 and 6.

In order to form an angle joint between the profiles 1 and 28 and/or 29, use is also made in this case of an L-shaped coupling element 47, but this coupling element 47 can be made much thicker.

A sample of such a coupling element 47 is represented in figure 13.

The coupling element 48 is preferably made of a PVC or the like.

Moreover, the legs 49 of the L-shape are preferably provided with openings 50 in order to keep the construction as light as possible.

Moreover, the dimensions of the cross section of the legs 49 are such that the legs 49 of the L-shaped coupling element 48 can be provided in a fitting manner in an above- mentioned space between one of the flanges 2 or 3 and the truss 4. In order to form an angle joint between profiles 47 in accordance with this embodiment, one only has to mitre the far ends 31 of the profiles as before, keep the spaces in these far ends 31 free of insulation material 8 and provide the legs 49 of the coupling element 48 in the spaces concerned of the profiles 47 to be coupled.

An advantage of this method, as described above, is that the coupling element 48 can be made much wider than in the embodiments of profiles 1 with air chambers 9, such that an even more solid angle joint can be obtained.

By making use of straight connection pieces with a similar section as the L-shaped connection pieces 48, it is possible to obtain a T-joint between profiles 47 in an entirely analogous manner as according to the above- described methods, whereby this time however the coupling element occupies the entire space in the profiles 47 instead of merely the air chamber 9.

Another characteristic of the invention is that, preferably, in certain profiles 1, 28, 29 and/or 47 of a frame 34 or leaf 41 of a window or door, one or several condensate discharge channels 51 are provided which are not visible from the outer side of the frame 34 of the leaf 41.

Such discharge channels 51 are represented in figure 12 by means of a dashed line. A first discharge channel 51 hereby runs through a post of the leaf 41 between the window frame 35 and the space 52 between the leaf 41 and the fixed frame 34. A second discharge channel 51 is provided through a post 47 of the fixed frame 34 between the above-mentioned space 52 and the outer side of the post 47 which is to be fit in a wall or partition. In this manner is obtained a nice look, as opposed to with the known profiles for windows and doors whereby such water condensation discharge channels are visible to the eye.

Figure 14 further shows how additional ornamental profiles 53 can be provided in a simple manner on a frame 34 or leaf 41 so as to obtain another look by slightly adjusting the profiles 47 of the fixed frame 34, in particular by reducing the protruding part 18 of said profile 47. Naturally, said ornamental profiles 53 are preferably such that they can be provided in a fitting manner on a profile 47, for example as they are provided with the appropriate moulded pattern to that end on the side which is directed to the frame 34 or the leaf 41.

Further, the necessary measures are preferably taken, for example in the shape of grooves or the like, to be able to seal such ornamental profiles 53 in relation to one another or in relation to the frame 34 of the leaf 41 by means of fillings 54. The present invention is by no means restricted to the embodiments of a profile, an angle joint or a T-joint and the methods for connecting such profiles described by way of example and represented in the accompanying drawings; on the contrary, the above-mentioned profiles and connections as well as the methods according to the invention can be made in all sorts of shapes and dimensions while still remaining within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claims .

1.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) for the frame (34) of the leaf (41) of a window, door or the like, characterised in that it is composed of two flanges (2,3) which are connected by means of a truss (4), which truss (4) is composed of two parallel truss laths (5,6) situated at a distance from one another which connect the flanges (2,3) so as to form a tubular profile, which truss laths (5,6) are mutually connected over their length by at least one traverse connecting lath (7), and whereby the spaces, formed between each flange (2,3) and between the truss laths (5,6) and the connecting lath (7) or connecting laths (7), are either or not filled.

2.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to claim 1, characterised in that the profile (1,28,29,47) has a heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of 0.6-0.8 W/(m²,κ) .

3.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that one or several of the above-mentioned spaces are provided with an insulation (8).

4.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to claim 3, characterised in that the insulation (8) in one of the above-mentioned spaces extends over the entire cross section of the space.

5.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the insulation (8) in one of the spaces extends up to a distance (E) from the flange (2,3) concerned so as to form an air chamber (9) between the insulation (8) and the flanges (2,3), which air chamber (9) extends at least partly over the length of the profile (1,28,29,47) .

6.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to claim 5, characterised in that the truss laths (5,6) are provided with a groove (12) on the sides (10,11) directed towards one another at the above-mentioned air chambers (9), such that the air chambers (9) continue so to say into the truss laths (5, 6) .

7.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flanges (2,3) are made of laminated wood (13,14).

8.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flanges (2,3) and/or the truss laths (5,6) are provided with a profiling.

9.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to claim 8, characterised in that the flanges (2,3) are provided with a rib (16) on the sides (15) turned towards one another, with which the flanges (2,3) are held between the truss laths (5,6).

10.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the flanges (2,3) extends with its width over the outer edge of a truss lath (5,6) or over the outer edges of both truss laths (5,6) in order to form a protruding part (18).

11.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to claims 8 and 10, characterised in that an aforesaid protruding part (18) of the flange (2,3) is provided with one or several slots (20) on its side directed towards a truss lath (5,6) for the introduction of a sealant (43) for the leaf (41) of a window or door.

12.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one or both truss laths (5,6) are provided with one or several slots

(22) in the side (21) which forms an outer side of the profile (1,28,29,47), for the introduction of sealants or in order to provide an abutment profile (44) for the sealants (45) of the leaf (41) of a window or door.

13.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one or both truss laths (5,6) are provided with a rebate (24) on the side (21) which forms an outer side of the profile

(1,28,29,47), along one of the longitudinal side edges

(23), which rebate (24) continues up against the adjacent flange (2,3) concerned so as to form a groove (24) which may either serve as a metalwork groove for guiding a metalwork lath, or which can be filled with a fill lath (39) to support and guide a glazing bead (40) .

14.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it predominantly has the shape of an L-profile or T-profile when seen as a cross section, whereby in particular the width (J) of one flange (2) is equal to the width of the truss (4), and the other flange (3) protrudes widthwise on one or both sides of the truss (4).

15.- Wooden profile (1,28,29,47) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it predominantly has the shape of a Z-profile when seen as a cross section, whereby both flanges (2,3) protrude widthwise on only one side in relation to the truss (4).

16.- Angle joint or T-joint between profiles (1,28,29,47) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the profiles (1,28,29,47) are connected to one another by means of a coupling element (32,33,48) which extends in one of the above-mentioned spaces formed between a flange (2,3) and between the truss laths (5,6) and the connecting lath (7) or connecting laths (7) of the truss (4) .

17.- Angle joint or T-joint according to claim 16, characterised in that an aforesaid coupling element (48) seals the entire cross section of the space concerned.

18.- Angle joint or T-joint according to claim 16, characterised in that the profiles (1,28,29,47) are provided with an air chamber (9) according to claim 5 and in that the coupling element (32,33) extends in this air chamber (9) .

19.- Angle joint or T-joint according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterised in that an aforesaid coupling element (32,33,48) is provided in the space or in the air chamber (9) in a fitting manner and is glued into it.

20.- Angle joint or T-joint according to claim 18 and 19, characterised in that the air chamber (9) is hermetically sealed by the coupling element (32,33,48), and any circulation of air through the air chamber (9) of the profile (1,28,29,47) is thus prevented, resulting in a better insulation of the profile (1,28,29,47).

21.- Angle joint or T-joint according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterised in that a nail or screw is provided crosswise through a profile (1,28,29,47) and a coupling element (32,33,48) in order to mechanically lock the coupling element (32,33,48) in the profile (1,28 ,29, 47) .

22.- Method to form an angle joint between two profiles (1,28,29,47) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the profiles (1,28,29,47) are mitred on at least one far end (31) and are connected by means of one or several L-shaped coupling elements (32,48).

23.- Method according to claim 22, characterised in that an aforesaid L-shaped coupling element (32,48) is introduced with one leg (49) in an above-mentioned space of the one profile (2), which space is formed between a flange (2,3) and the truss laths (5,6) and the connecting lath (7) of the profile (1,28,29,47), and with the other leg (49) in a similar space in the other profile (3) , and in that both profiles (1,28,29,47) are glued together.

24.- Method according to claim 23, characterised in that the arms (49) of an aforesaid L-shaped coupling element (48) seal the spaces concerned entirely.

25.- Method according to claim 23, characterised in that the profiles (1,28,29,47) are provided with an air chamber

(9) according to claim 5, and in that an aforesaid L-shaped coupling element (32) is introduced with one leg in an air chamber (9) of one profile (2) and with its other leg in an air chamber (9) of the other profile (1,28,29,47), and in that both profiles (1,28,29,47) are glued together.

26.- Method for forming a T-joint between two profiles (1,28,29,47) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that two slots are provided in a truss lath (5,6) of any one of the profiles (1,28,29,47) at the T-joint, which extend into the above-mentioned spaces concerned in said profile (1,28,29,47) between the flange (2,3) and the truss laths (5,6) and the connecting lath (7) or connecting laths (7); in that coupling elements (33) are introduced with one far end, traversely to the profile (1,28, 29, 47) , in the above-mentioned slots and are glued there, and in that the other far end of the above-mentioned coupling elements (33) is provided in a corresponding above-mentioned space of the other profile (1,28,29,47).

27.- Method according to claim 26, characterised in that an aforesaid coupling element (33) entirely seals the space concerned.

28.- Method in accordance with claim 26 or 27, characterised in that a first profile (1,28,29,47) is provided with a protruding part (18) according to claim 10 and in that the adjacent flange (2,3) is partly cut away at the far end (31) to be connected of the other profile (28) over a length (N) corresponding to the width of the protruding part (18) of the first profile (1,28,29,47) .

29.- Method according to any one of claims 22 to 28, characterised in that the profiles (1,28,29,47) are further connected by means of a nail or screw or the like, provided crosswise through the profiles (1,28,29,47) and the coupling elements (32,33,48).