WO2010105548A1 - 一种块状自加热组合物及其放热速率的控制方法 - Google Patents
一种块状自加热组合物及其放热速率的控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/16—Materials undergoing chemical reactions when used
- C09K5/18—Non-reversible chemical reactions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J101/00—Adhesives based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
- C09J101/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C09J101/10—Esters of organic acids
- C09J101/12—Cellulose acetate
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- This invention relates to chemically heat-generating materials, and more particularly to a block-like self-heating composition, and to a method of controlling the rate of heat release from a block-like self-heating composition.
- the powdery self-heating material compositions are used, or the powdery composition is placed in a bag or other container, and when used, the liquid is brought into contact with the composition to cause an exothermic reaction.
- the contact area of the exothermic material is large, and the exothermic reaction rate is fast, but the reaction rate is difficult to control, especially for the exothermic reaction of releasing a large amount of gas, there is a certain safety hazard; Overheating causes damage to the packaging material and causes leakage.
- the powdery self-heating material composition mostly uses water as one of the exothermic reaction components, which makes the self-heating material composition susceptible to moisture during storage and transportation, thereby failing, and causing certain accidents in severe cases.
- a block-shaped portable self-heating material composition is produced by molding using a molding method commonly used in the industry, such as tableting, granulation, extrusion, rolling, and the like.
- the block-like self-heating material composition is easier to store and transport than the powdered self-heating material composition, and also solves the problem that the powdery self-heating material composition exotherms too quickly.
- the contact area of the material during the reaction is small, the heat release rate is too slow, and the heat release effect is not satisfactory.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of controlling the rate of heat release from a self-heating composition.
- the invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a block-type self-heating composition with controllable heat release rate, the composition mainly comprises a self-heating material and a binder, and the block-shaped self-heating composition further comprises an exothermic process a disintegrant having an increased contact area of the self-heating composition with water, wherein the content of the disintegrant is
- the disintegrant is contained in an amount of 2 to 20% by weight.
- the disintegrant is selected from the group consisting of a solid powder dissolved in water, a substance insoluble in water but swellable, a porous substance insoluble in water, or a mixture thereof.
- the water-soluble solid powder is selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride
- the water-insoluble but water-swellable substance is selected from the group consisting of cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, cross-linked carboxycellulose sodium or sodium carboxymethyl starch, which is insoluble in
- the porous material of water is selected from activated carbon or diatomaceous earth.
- the self-heating material is magnesium powder and metal chloride or hydrated metal chloride.
- the binder is selected from water-soluble polymer resins or insoluble in water but having a melting point of more than 100. C polymer resin.
- the water-soluble polymer resin is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate or polyacrylamide, and the polymer resin which is insoluble in water but has a melting point of more than 100 ° C is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene or polyamide.
- the content of the binder is 0.2 to 10% by weight.
- the binder is contained in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt%.
- the method for controlling the rate of heat release of the self-heating composition of the present invention is to add the exothermic process to the self-heating composition to bring the self-heating composition into contact with water before molding the self-heating composition into a block shape.
- the area-increased disintegrant is controlled to have a content of the disintegrant in the finished product of 5 to 50% by weight, and then the self-heating composition and the disintegrant are uniformly mixed and formed into a block shape.
- the beneficial effects of the present invention are: on the one hand, the block-shaped self-heating composition of the present invention is safer, easier to store and transport, and widely used than the powdered self-heating material composition.
- the disintegrating agent combines the self-heating composition. When the object encounters water, it forms pores or disintegrates, thereby increasing the area in contact with water, accelerating the rate of heat release, and achieving the desired heat release effect.
- a solid powder dissolved in water such as sodium chloride is added to the self-heating composition, and after being pressed into a lump, the substance is dissolved in water during contact with water to form pores in the self-heating composition, thereby increasing versus The area of water contact increases the rate of heat release.
- Water-insoluble but water-swellable substances such as cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP), cross-linked carboxycellulose sodium (CMC-NA), sodium carboxymethyl starch (CMS) are added to the self-heating composition and pressed into a block. After the contact, in the process of contact with water, the substance expands in volume and absorbs the bulk structure, thereby increasing the area in contact with water and increasing the rate of heat release.
- PVPP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- CMC-NA cross-linked carboxycellulose sodium
- CMS sodium carboxymethyl starch
- a porous substance such as activated carbon or diatomaceous earth which is insoluble in water is added to the self-heating composition, and after being pressed into a block shape, moisture can be transported to the self-heating combination through the pores inside the porous material during contact with water. The inside of the object, thereby increasing the contact area with water and increasing the rate of heat release.
- Figure 1 is a graph showing the exothermic process of a block-like self-heating composition and a powder form self-heating composition.
- Fig. 2 is an exothermic process curve of a bulk self-heating composition to which crosslinked carboxycellulose sodium (CMC-Na) is added and a bulk self-heating composition to which a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone resin (PVPP) is added.
- CMC-Na crosslinked carboxycellulose sodium
- PVPP crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone resin
- Figure 3 is an exothermic process curve of a block-like self-heating composition to which sodium chloride (NaCl) is added and a bulk self-heating composition (Ref.) to which no sodium chloride is added.
- NaCl sodium chloride
- Ref. bulk self-heating composition
- Figure 4 is an exothermic process curve of a block-shaped self-heating composition to which activated carbon is added and a bulk self-heating composition to which no activated carbon is added.
- the formulation of the self-heating composition selected for the experiment of the present invention was: Magnesium powder: 44.4 g, anhydrous ferrous chloride powder: 19.0 g.
- the method of measuring the exotherm and exothermic rate is as follows: Weigh the uniformly mixed self-heating composition 1.0 g, 2.0 g, 3.0 g into a 250 ml flask, and measure 25 ml, 50 ml, 75 ml tap water respectively. In the above 250ml Erlenmeyer flask, use a temperature recorder (HIO I 8430-20 data logger) The curve of the temperature of the system was measured, and the maximum temperature (T max ) and the time ( ⁇ ) required to reach the maximum temperature were analyzed.
- HIO I 8430-20 data logger The curve of the temperature of the system was measured, and the maximum temperature (T max ) and the time ( ⁇ ) required to reach the maximum temperature were analyzed.
- the prepared block-like self-heating compositions were weighed lg, 2g and 3g, respectively, and lg, 2g and 3g of the block-shaped self-heating composition prepared in Comparative Example 1 were weighed, and the exothermic and exothermic rates were carried out. Test, the exothermic process curve is shown in Figure 3, and the relevant data is listed in Table 4.
- the prepared block-like self-heating compositions were weighed lg, 2g and 3g, respectively, and lg, 2g and 3g of the block-shaped self-heating composition prepared in Comparative Example 1 were weighed, and the exothermic and exothermic rates were carried out. Test, the exothermic process curve is shown in Figure 4, and the relevant data is listed in Table 5. Experimental coded self-heating hot bonding adhesive and disintegrating agent, and the amount of sheet material of the thick sheet shield of the material when pressed by the tablet pressure. Between the force (MPa) (s) degree (mm) Comparative Example 1 l .Og No 10 60 NA Cannot be formed
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Description
一种块状自加热组合物及其放热速率的控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及化学发热材料, 尤其涉及一种块状自加热组合物, 还涉及一种 控制块状自加热组合物放热速率的方法。 背景技术
随着便携式自加热产品的广泛应用, 人们对自加热材料组合物的要求越来 越高。 目前, 人们使用的多是粉末状自加热材料组合物, 或将粉末状组合物放 入袋体中或其他容器中, 使用时, 使液体与组合物接触, 引发放热反应。 该方 式中放热材料接触面积大, 放热反应速率快, 但反应速率难以控制, 尤其是对 于释放出大量的气体的放热反应, 存在一定的安全隐患; 另外反应速率过快也 会造成局部过热, 导致包装材料受损而造成泄漏等问题。 粉末状自加热材料组 合物多采用水作为放热反应成份之一, 这就使得自加热材料组合物在存放, 运 输过程中易于受潮, 从而失效, 严重时也会造成一定事故。
为解决上述问题, 采用工业上常用的成型方法, 如压片、 造粒、 挤出、 轧 制等来成型, 制造块状的便携式自加热材料组合物。 块状自加热材料组合物较 之粉末状自加热材料组合物易于存放和运输, 也解决了粉末状自加热材料组合 物放热过快的问题。 然而, 由于反应时材料接触面积小, 导致放热速率太慢, 放热效果不理想。
因此, 随着自加热组合物在人们生活中的应用越来越广泛, 急需一种放热 速率可控的块状自加热组合物及控制块状自加热组合物放热速率的方法。 发明内容
针对上述问题, 本发明的主要目的是提供了一种放热速率可控的块状自加 热组合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种控制自加热组合物放热速率的方法。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的: 一种放热速率可控的块状自加热组合 物, 其成份主要包括自加热材料和粘结料, 所述块状自加热组合物还含有放热 过程中使所述自加热组合物与水接触面积增加的崩解剂, 所述崩解剂的含量为
5 ~ 50wt%„
较佳地, 所述崩解剂的含量为 2 ~ 20wt%。
所述崩解剂选自溶于水的固体粉末、不溶于水但吸水膨胀的物质、 不溶于水 的多孔状物质中的任何一种或它们的混合物。
所述溶于水的固体粉末选自氯化钠,所述不溶于水但吸水膨胀的物质选自交 联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、 交联羧基纤维素钠或羧甲基淀粉钠, 所述不溶于水的多 孔状物质选自活性炭或硅藻土。
所述自加热材料为镁粉和金属氯化物或水合金属氯化物。
所述粘接剂选自水溶性高分子树脂或不溶于水但熔点超过 100。C的高分子 树脂。
所述水溶性高分子树脂选自聚乙烯醇、醋酸纤维素或聚丙烯酰胺, 所述不溶 于水但熔点超过 100°C的高分子树脂选自聚丙烯、 超高分子量聚乙烯或聚酰胺。
所述粘接剂的含量为 0.2 ~ 10wt%。
较佳地, 所述粘接剂的含量为 0.5 ~ 5wt%。
本发明控制自加热组合物放热速率的方法为在将所述自加热组合物成型为 块状之前, 向所述自加热组合物中添加放热过程中使所述自加热组合物与水接 触面积增加的崩解剂, 并控制所述崩解剂在成品中的含量为 5 ~ 50wt%, 然后将 所述自加热组合物和崩解剂混合均匀并成型为块状。
本发明的有益效果为:一方面, 本发明块状自加热组合物较之粉末状自加热 材料组合物安全、 易于存放和运输及广泛应用, 另一方面, 崩解剂使所述自加 热组合物遇水后形成孔隙或崩解, 从而增加与水接触的面积, 加快放热速率, 达到理想的放热效果。
氯化钠等溶于水的固体粉末添加到自加热组合物中, 压制成块状后, 在与 水接触的过程中, 该物质溶于水, 在自加热组合物中形成孔穴, 从而增加了与
水接触的面积, 提高放热速率。
交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮 (PVPP )、 交联羧基纤维素钠 (CMC-NA )、 羧曱基 淀粉钠 (CMS)等不溶于水但吸水膨胀的物质添加到自加热组合物中,压制成块状 后, 在与水接触的过程中, 该物质吸水后体积膨胀, 破坏块状结构, 从而增加 了与水接触的面积, 提高放热速率。
活性炭, 硅藻土等不溶水的多孔状物质添加到自加热组合物中, 压制成块 状后, 在与水接触的过程中, 水分能够通过此类多孔状物质内部的孔隙运输到 自加热组合物的内部, 从而增加与水的接触面积, 提高放热速率。 附图说明
图 1为块状自加热组合物(plate )与粉末形式自加热组合物 (powder)的放热 过程曲线。
图 2为添加了交联羧基纤维素钠 (CMC-Na)的块状自加热组合物和添加了交 联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮树脂 (PVPP)的块状自加热组合物的放热过程曲线。
图 3 为添加了氯化钠 (NaCl)的块状自加热组合物和未添加氯化钠的块状自 加热组合物 (Ref. ) 的放热过程曲线。
图 4 为添加了活性炭的块状自加热组合物和未添加活性炭的块状自加热组 合物的放热过程曲线。 具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明的实质, 以下将结合具体实验及结果来说明本发明 将粉末状自加热组合物加工成块状, 以达到控制放热反应速率目的。
为了便于说明, 以下实验均选择将粉末状自加热组合物加工成块状。
本发明实验选择的自加热组合物的配方是: 镁粉: 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁粉 末: 19.0g。 放热量和放热速率的测定方法为: 分别称取混合均匀的自加热组合 物 l.Og, 2.0g, 3.0g加入 250ml雉形瓶中, 分别量取 25ml, 50ml, 75ml的自来 水依次放入上述 250ml的锥形瓶内,用温度记录仪( HIO I 8430-20数据记录仪)
测量体系温度的变化曲线, 分析找出最高温度(Tmax )和达到最高温度所需要的 时间 (τ )。
比较例 1
称取镁粉(Kermel, 80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科 技有限公司) 19g, 在搅拌器中均匀分散后即获得粉末状自加热组合物, 从上述 粉末状自加热组合物中称取 lg, 2g和 3g, 分别在不同的压力下进行压片实验, 所得数据列于表 1。分别称取粉末状自加热组合物和所制备的块状自加热组合物 各 lg, 2g和 3g, 进行放热量和放热速率的测试, 放热过程曲线如图 1所示, 相 关数据列于表 2中。
实施例 1
称取镁粉(Kermel, 80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科 技有限公司) 19g, 粘接剂 PVA-1788 (上海金树树脂粉末有限公司) 2g在搅拌 器中均匀分散后即获得粉末状自加热组合物,从上述自加热组合物中分别称取 3 份各 lg, 分别在 5MPa、 8MPa和 lOMPa的压力下进行压片实验, 即得块状自加 热组合物, 所得数据列于表 1中。
实施例 2
称取镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科技 有限公司) 19g, 粘接剂 UHMWPE ( P-14, DSM ) 2g在搅拌器中均匀分散后即 获得粉末状自加热组合物, 从上述自加热组合物中称取 lg, 在 5MPa的压力下 进行压片实验, 即得块状自加热组合物, 所得数据列于表 1中。
实施例 3
称取两份镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120目 )各 44.4g, 两份无水氯化亚铁 (西安兰 光化学科技有限公司)各 19g, 混匀后, 分别加入崩解剂交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮树 脂(P-XL, 美国 ISP公司) 3g和 7g, 在搅拌器中均匀^:后即获得粉末状自加 热组合物, 从上述自加热组合物中各称取 2g, 分别在不同的压力下进行压片实 验, 即得块状自加热组合物, 所得数据列于表 1。 称取所制备的块状自加热组合 物各 2g, 进行放热量和放热速率的测试, 放热过程曲线如图 2所示, 相关数据
列于表 3中。
实施例 4
称取两份镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120目 )各 44.4g, 两份无水氯化亚铁 (西安兰 光化学科技有限公司)各 19g, 分别加入崩解剂交联羧基纤维素钠 (CMC-Na, 德国 JRS公司) 7g和 l lg在搅拌器中均匀分散后即获得粉末状自加热组合物, 从上述自加热组合物中称取 2g, 分别在不同的压力下进行压片实验, 即得块状 自加热组合物, 所得数据列于表 1。 称取所制备的块状自加热组合物各 2g , 进 行放热量和放热速率的测试, 放热过程曲线如图 1所示, 相关数据列于表 3中。 实施例 5
称取镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科技 有限公司 ) 19g, 加入氯化钠(化学试剂 AR级) 63.4g, 在搅拌器中均匀分散后 即获得自加热组合物, 从上述自加热组合物中称取 lg , 2g和 3g, 分别在 lOMPa 的压力下进行压片实验, 即得块状自加热组合物, 所得数据列于表 1。 分别称取 所制备的块状自加热组合物 lg, 2g和 3g, 同时, 称取比较例 1中所制备的块状 自加热组合物各 lg, 2g和 3g, 进行放热量和放热速率的测试, 放热过程曲线如 图 3所示, 相关数据列于表 4中。
实施例 6
称取镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科技 有限公司 ) 19g, 加入活性炭 ( HQ-1 , 萍乡环球化工填料有限公司) 7g, 在搅拌 器中均匀分散后即获得自加热组合物,从上述自加热组合物中称取 lg, 2g和 3g, 分別在 l OMPa的压力下进行压片实验, 即得块状自加热组合物, 所得数据列于 表 1。 分别称取所制备的块状自加热组合物 lg, 2g和 3g, 同时, 称取比较例 1 中所制备的块状自加热组合物各 lg , 2g和 3g, 进行放热量和放热速率的测试, 放热过程曲线如图 4所示, 相关数据列于表 5中。
实验编 自力口热组合 粘接剂以及 崩解剂以及用 压片压 保压时 片材厚 片材盾量 号 物的质量 用量 里 力(MPa ) 间 (s ) 度 (mm) 比较例 1 l.Og 无 无 10 60 NA 不能成型
1-Og 无 无 16 60 NA 不能完整 成型 l.Og 无 无 20 60 1.06 整成型
2.0g 无 无 20 60 1.69 完整成型
3.0g 无 无 20 60 2.48 整成型 实施例 1 ig 3wt%PVA 无 5 60 1.02 完整成型
8 60 1.01 完整成型
10 60 0.98 完整成型 实施例 2 ig 3wt%UHM 无 5 60 1.03 完整成型
WPE
实施例 3 2g 无 5wt%PVPP 10 60 1.71 完整成型
2g 无 10wt%PVPP 10 60 1.75 完整成型 实施例 4 2.0g 无 10wt%CMC-Na 10 60 1.72 完整成型
2.0g 无 15wt%CMC-Na 10 60 1.73 完整成型 实施例 5 l-Og 无 50wt%NaCl 10 60 1.04 完整成型
2.0g 无 50wt%NaCl 10 60 1.68 完整成型
3.0g 无 50wt%NaCl 10 60 2.46 完整成型 实施例 6 l.Og 无 10wt%活性炭 10 60 1.08 完整成型
2.0g 无 10wt%活性炭 10 60 1.72 完整成型
3.0g 无 10wt%活性炭 10 60 2.54 完整成型 分析表 1中比较例 1 , 实施例 1和实施例 2所列数据, 粉末状自加热组合物 在 lOMPa和 16MPa压力下,分别保压 60s,不能成型,而在粉末状自加热组合物中 加入 3wt%粘接剂 PVA或粘接剂 UHMWPE后, 在 5MPa压力下,保压 60s即可 成型。 由此可知, 粘接剂 PVA和粘接剂 UHMWPE有助于粉末状自加热组合物
压制成型。
表 2、 粉末和压片形式的自加热组合物体系的相关数据
分析图 1 中所示曲线和表 2中相关数据可知, 粉末状自加热组合物达到放 热过程最高温度所需要的时间在 300s以内, 压制成片后, 达到放热过程最高温 度所需要的时间大大延长, 其中 lg粉末状自加热组合物压制成片后, 所需时间 为 886s, 随着片材厚度的增加, 放热曲线更加趋于平稳, 达到最高温度所需要 的时间也越长。 也就是说相同材料和质量的块状自加热组合物比粉末状自加热 组合物放热速率低, 而且, 块状越厚, 放热速率越低。
表 3、 添加 CMC-Na和 PVPP的自加热组合物的相关数据
分析图 2所示曲线和表 3中的数据可知, 添加崩解剂 PVPP或 CMC-Na物 质后, 可以提高块状自加热组合物的放热速率, 缩短到达最高温度所需要的时 间, 其中 PVPP对最高温度和放热速率的影响优于 CMC-Na。
表 4、 添加氯化钠和不添加氯化钠体系的相关数据
*备注: 相同质量下,含有 50wt%氯化钠的自加热组合物中有效成分是不含氯化钠的自加热组 合物的一半, 所以理论放热量也是其的一半。
分析图 3所示曲线和表 4中的数据可知, 添加氯化钠可以的提高放热速率, 缩短到达最高温度所需要的时间。
表 5、 添加活性炭与不添加活性炭体系的相关数据
分析图 4所示曲线和表 5 中的数据: 添加了活性炭的自加热组合物的放热 速率明显提高, 达到最高温度所需要的时间明显缩短。
上述实验充分揭示了本发明控制自加热组合物放热速率的方法及效果, 以 下将例举几个实施例, 以对发明做进一步详细说明。
实施例 Ί
称取镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科技 有限公司 ) 19g, 加入聚乙烯醇 ( polyvinyl alcohol ,PVA ) 15.8g, 在搅拌器中均 匀分散后, 称取 2g, 加入模具内, 在 20MPa的压力下进行压片 10秒, 泄压, 取出压制好的片材, 即得块状自加热组合物。
实施例 8
称取镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科技 有限公司 ) 19g, 聚丙烯酰胺 (polyacrylamide,PAM ) 3.3g, 在搅拌器中均匀分散 后, 称取 2g, 加入模具内, 在 lOMPa的压力下进行压片 120秒, 泄压, 取出压 制好的片材, 即得块状自加热组合物。
实施例 9
称取镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科技 有限公司) 19g, 羧甲基淀粉钠 (CMS)15.8g, 在搅拌器中均匀分散后, 称取 2g, 加入模具内, 在 15MPa的压力下进行压片 80秒, 泄压, 取出压制好的片材, 即 得块状自加热组合物。
实施例 10
称取锾粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科技 有限公司) 19g, 氯化钠 5 g, 羧甲基淀粉钠 (CMS)5.8g, 硅藻土 5 g, 在搅拌器 中均匀分散后, 称取 2g, 加入模具内, 在 15MPa的压力下进行压片 80秒, 泄 压, 取出压制好的片材, 即得块状自加热组合物。
实施例 11
称取镁粉 ( Kermel,80 - 120 目 ) 44.4g, 无水氯化亚铁(西安兰光化学科技 有限公司)19g,聚丙烯酰胺 (polyacrylamide, PAM ) 8g,羧甲基淀粉钠 (CMS) 10g, 在搅拌器中均匀分散后, 称取 2g, 加入模具内, 在 15MPa的压力下进行压片 80 秒, 泄压, 取出压制好的片材, 即得块状自加热组合物。
上述实施例, 只是本发明的较佳实施例, 并非用来限制本发明实施范围, 故凡以本发明权利要求所述的特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰, 均应包括在 本发明权利要求范围之内。
Claims
1. 一种放热速率可控的块状自加热组合物, 其成份主要包括自加热材料和 粘结料, 其特征在于: 所述块状自加热组合物还含有放热过程中使所述自加热 组合物与水接触面积增加的崩解剂, 所述崩解剂的含量为 5 ~ 50wt%。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的块状自加热组合物, 其特征在于: 所述崩解剂的含 量为 2 ~ 20wt%。
3. 如权利要求 1 所述的块状自加热组合物, 其特征在于: 所述崩解剂选自 溶于水的固体粉末、 不溶于水但吸水膨胀的物质、 不溶于水的多孔状物质中的 任何一种或它们的混合物。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的块状自加热组合物, 其特征在于: 所述溶于水的固 体粉末选自氯化钠, 所述不溶于水但吸水膨胀的物质选自交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷 酮、 交联羧基纤维素钠或羧曱基淀粉钠, 所述不溶于水的多孔状物质选自活性 炭或石圭藻土。
5. 如权利要求 1 所述的块状自加热组合物, 其特征在于: 所述自加热材料 为锬粉和金属氯化物或水合金属氯化物。
6. 如权利要求 1 所述的块状自加热组合物, 其特征在于: 所述粘接剂选自 水溶性高分子树脂或不溶于 7j但熔点超过 100 V的高分子树脂。
7. 如权利要求 1 所述的块状自加热组合物, 其特征在于: 所述水溶性高分 子树脂选自聚乙烯醇、 醋酸纤维素或聚丙烯酰胺, 所述不溶于水但熔点超过 100°C的高分子树脂选自聚丙烯、 超高分子量聚乙烯或聚酰胺。
8. 如权利要求 1 所述的块状自加热组合物, 其特征在于: 所述粘接剂的含 量为 0.2 ~ 10wt%。
9. 如权利要求 1 所述的块状自加热组合物, 其特征在于: 所述粘接剂的含 量为 0.5 ~ 5wt%。
10. 一种控制块状自加热组合物放热速率的方法, 其特征在于: 在将所述自 加热组合物成型为块状之前, 向所述自加热组合物中添加放热过程中使所述自 加热组合物与水接触面积增加的崩解剂, 并控制所述崩解剂在成品中的含量为 5 ~ 50wt%, 然后将所述自加热组合物和崩解剂混合均匀并成型为块状。
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JPS56145846A (en) * | 1980-04-14 | 1981-11-12 | Tadashi Ijima | Heat generating agent of chemical body warmer |
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