Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
  • C22B7/001—Dry processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
  • B29B17/0206—Selectively separating reinforcements from matrix material by destroying the interface bound before disintegrating the matrix to particles or powder, e.g. from tires or belts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B19/00—Heating of coke ovens by electrical means
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
  • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
  • C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
  • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
  • H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2305/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as reinforcement
  • B29K2305/08—Transition metals
  • B29K2305/12—Iron
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/20—Recycling
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
  • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for refining metal material produced in processing waste tires under which the metal material is heated for distilling off non-metallic constituents. Further, the invention relates to a device for carrying out this method.
• the metal material represents a significant component of the material produced in the process for recycling of steel cord from waste tires.
• the tire is crushed into small pieces to obtain rubber in the form of flakes containing textile material, metal reinforcing material in the form of resilient, mostly steel cord, which is subsequently isolated in the following stage.
• the tires are first steeply cooled down, for example by liquid nitrogen and in such a fragile frozen condition the tire rubber may be easily crushed.
• Various alternatives of this method are described in RU2299804, RU2299807, DE10357968, DE102006028563 and WO2007091876.
• ozone is used to cause partial rubber destruction and thus to enable its ease fragmentation. The combination of both methods, i.e.
• the primary object of this invention is to avoid deficiencies of the prior art and to provide an inexpensive and effective method for recovering waste steel cord from recycling tires.
• Another object of this invention is to produce a metal raw material on the basis of waste steel cord, which is substantially free from detrimental admixtures and thus suitable for further processing for example by crushing, pressing or melting.
• the object of the present invention may be achieved and the described deficiencies overcome by a method for refining metal material separated from crushed waste tires by heating and distilling off a portion of non-metallic constituents wherein the fragments of metal material comprising 82 - 98 % by mass of steel cord are exposed in a closed space to microwave radiation with a frequency of 890 MHz to 2450 MHz to reach a temperature of 100 to 700 0 C of the metal material at which the volatile fraction of the non-metal constituents is distilled off and separated by cooling and condensation and the solid constituents comprising mixture of steel cord and carbon black are cooled and the steel cord isolated.
• the refining process using the microwave radiation may be performed under inert atmosphere.
• the device for performing of the process according to the invention may comprise a batch reactor, a continuous reactor equipped with an endless conveyor or rotary kiln.
• the continuous reactor comprises a microwave heating chamber provided with microwave generators and including an endless conveyor for transport of a treated material throughout the heating chamber, the heating chamber being associated at its entrance with a preheating zone supplied by the treated material and by a cooling zone at its exit thereof, the cooling zone having an upper outlet for gases and distilled off components connected to a condenser and a lower outlet for solid components connected to a separator.
• the process for refining metal material produced in processing waste tires for recycling purposes is based on a selective microwave heating of impurities present in the waste steel wire such as rubber and textile cord.
• impurities present in the waste steel wire such as rubber and textile cord.
• microwaves first of all the residual rubber resulting from separation of individual waste tire constituents is heated while the steel wire is highly resistant to the effect of microwaves and remains relatively cold or only slightly heated.
• said non-metallic impurities adhered to the waste steel cord may be removed and suitable metal raw material with a purity exceeding 99 % is so produced without the necessity to employ other energy consumption procedures for the tire fragmentation.
• After removing the rubber or textile cord residuals a highly pure metal free from carbon is obtained.
• the raw metal material produced under this method is due to its purity suitable for further processing such as crushing, pressing or melting.
• the removed impurities in the form of gaseous and volatile inflammable substances are separated by condensation as by-products and if appropriate they may be used for conventional heating or pre-heating processes. Accordingly, the low energy consumption characterizing this process may be further reduced.
• the steel cord recycling process based on the application of microwave radiation may be performed as a continuous process on a continuous device provided with the means for avoiding leakage of the microwaves and for safe withdrawing gaseous and volatile substances.
• the recycling process may be advantageously performed under an inert atmosphere. Description of Drawings
• the attached drawing shows a scheme of a continuous device for performing the method.
• the resulting product - steel cord had the following composition: Fe - 98.580 %; Ni - 0.180 %; Cr - 0.090 %; Cu - 0.050 %; Co - 0.020 %; P - 0.012 %; Si - 0.240 %.
• the produced by-product, i.e. gaseous and liquid substances were condensed by cooling and used as a fuel oil for conventional heating.
• Steel cord raw material comprising 2 - 15 % rubber was supplied into a continuous microwave reactor at a rate of 20 kg per hour. Inside the microwave radiation zone of the reactor having an output of 8 kW and frequency 915 MHz the rubber was removed in the form of gaseous and liquid substances that were separated by condensation in the form of fuel oil. The resulting product leaving the reactor and separated from carbon black was a steel cord suitable for further processing by pressing, crushing or melting.
• the drawing illustrates a continuous microwave reactor comprising a microwave heating chamber 4 provided with four magnetrons 5 - microwave generators.
• the heating chamber 4 includes an endless belt conveyor (not shown in the drawing) for transport of the material treated throughout the heating chamber 4.
• the heating chamber 4 is associated with a preheating zone 3 fitted with a hopper 1 for material supply.
• the preheating chamber comprises a conventional heater and a dosing device for continuous supplying the endless belt conveyor with the preheated material.
• the heating chamber 4 is followed by a cooling zone 6.
• the cooling zone 6 has an upper outlet for distilled off gaseous and liquid components connected to a condenser 7 and a lower outlet for solid components, steel cord and carbon black, connected to a separator 10. Outlets of the condenser 7 are connected to a condensed liquid product tank 9 and to a residual volatile product retainer 8. Outlets of the separator 10 are connected to a steel cord recipient 11 and carbon recipient 12. For higher treatment temperatures, at which the metal was heated up to 600 to 700 0 C, the use of magnetrons with a frequency of 2450 MHz were preferred. By exposing the steel cord to this temperature for certain time a metal tempering process improving the ductility of the final pure metal product was accomplished. The higher ductility enabled the final product to be easily processed, for example by pressing. Industrial Applicability
• the invention may be used in recycling waste tire containing steel wire for obtaining a product in the form of refined steel cord free of undesired impurities and suitable for further processing such as crushing, pressing and more specifically, melting.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Cited By (8)

Citations (29)

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• 2009
  • 2009-01-09 CZ CZ20090005A patent/CZ301761B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-12-29 GB GB201111279A patent/GB2478255A/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-12-29 WO PCT/IB2009/055986 patent/WO2010079408A1/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (31)

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